CHINA POPULATION RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 21 No

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1 CHINA POPULATION RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 21 No GDP F A doi /j. issn human development index HDI 1977 Morris M. D Physical Quality of Life Index PQLI 1996 Human GDP development is the end-economic growth a means 2 Ranis and Stewart Economic Growth and Human Development NCET SZ09 1

2 GDP Ravallion 2. 1 GDP low-quality growth 30 GDP GDP 4 GDP 5 Barro % 42 % 13 6 GDP %

3 UNDP HDI 1 GDP HDI HDI 30 HDI HDI 2 GDP HDI Fig. 1 Variation chart of Chinese human development index from 1975 to /2009 3

4 AHP HDI GDP 3 1 AHP GDP

5 30 Tab Chart of human development index construction Tab. 2 Indicators weighting in HDI calculation Primary Secondary indicators indicators Indicators Attribution calculation C1 C2 C3 B1 100% - 6 C C5 C6 B2 C8 + C7 C9 C10 C11 B3 C12 / C13 B4 / C14 GDP C15 B5 C16 C17 B6 + + C18 x i - min x i x i = max x i - min x i x i = max x i - x i max x i - min x i max x i min x i i = 1 Primary indicators Secondary indicators B B B B B B C C C C C5 C C C C C C C C C GDP C C C C HP λ λ = 1002 HP HD 30 EG HQ 30 x i HW I i = 18 u i x ti u i x ti t i HI

6 Tab. 3 Human development index from 1978 to 2008 Human Human Human Human Resources & Human Year Economic quality welfare insurance migration environment development index index index index index index index HM RE

7 30 Fig. 2 2 HP HP HP filtered image of human development index & itemized HP filtered image Human Development J. World Development Ravallion M. Good and Bad Growth The Human Development Reports J. World Development M Thomas V. The Quality of GrowthM. Beijing China Financial & Economic Publishing House Barro R J. Quantity and Quality of Economic GrowthR. Working Papers from Central Bank of Chile J Wang YumeiHu Baoguang. The Meaning of Quality of Economic Growth J. Market Forum J Ma JianxinShen Shijun. The Preliminary Study of Economy Growth Quality J. Research on Financial and Economic Issues M Peng Defen. A Study on Economic Growth QualityM. Wuhan Huazhong Normal University Press J Yang Changyou. Six Dimensions of Evaluating Quality of Economic Growth J. Fujian Tribune Economy & Social Sciences Edition J Li Yueping. Evaluation System and Empirical References 1. M Amartya Sen. Development as FreedomM. Beijing China Renmin University Press UNDP Human Development ReportM. New York Oxford University Press Ranis GStewart FRamirez AFrances S. Economic Growth and Analysis of the Quality of Economic Growth J. Jiangsu Statistics 12. M Ren Baoping. Growth as Quality Evaluation and Reflection of the quality of China's Economic Growth M. Beijing China Economy Publishing House

8 M UNDP. J Wang XiaoluFan GangLiu Human Development Report Across the Barriers People Mobility Peng. Transformation of Growth Pattern and Growth Sustainability in and Development M. Beijing China Financial & Economic China J. Economic Research Journal M Loren BrandtThomas G Rawski. China's Great Economic TransformationM. Shanghai Shanghai People's Publishing House Sagar A D Najam A. The Human Development Index A Critical Review J. Ecological Economics Srinivasan T N. Human Development A New Paradigm or Reinvention of the Wheel J. American Economic Review Kelley A C. The Human Development Index Handle with Care /2010 R J. Population and Development Review Noorbakhash F. The Human Development Indices Some Technical Issues and Alternative Indices J. Journal of International Development Luchters GMenkhoff L. Chaotic Signals from HDI Measurement J. Applied Economics Letters Publishing House UNDPRenmin University of China. Human Development Report China 2009 /2010 Towards a low carbon economy and sustainable society futurer Neumayer E. The Human Development Index and Sustainability A Constructive Proposal J. Ecological Economics HSDI J Tian Hui Sun JianpingZhu Yingming. HDSI A Framework of Human Sustainable Development Indicators Involving Environment Factor J. China Soft Science Magazine J Tian HuiZhu BixiangSun Jianping. Principles and Methods of Constructing the Model of Human Sustainable Development Index J. Study& Exploration Human Development during 30 Years of Reform and Opening Evaluation and Reflection WEI Jie REN Bao-ping School of Economics and ManagementNorthwest UniversityXi'an Shaanxi China Abstract Only GDP the traditional economic development modehas already become a shackle in Chinese future sustainable economic development. Transformation of economic development modeimprovement of the quality of economic growth and inclusive growth type are new themes of Chinese economic development. What's more this mode is oriented by human development. Based on this perspectiveaccording to the demand of the quality of economic growth this paper measures and evaluates the degree of HDI since the beginning of the reform and opening in 1978which constructed the index system of evaluation based on four aspectshuman qualityhuman welfarehuman insurance and human migration. Evaluation results show that with economy continuingly growing China's human development in the 30 years have increased significantlybut the human development index and human quality index human welfare indexhuman insurance indexhuman migration indexeconomic indexresources & environment index still need to improve. So in this wayin the future Chinain the process of improving the quality of economic growthwill promote human developmentemphasizing coordinated development between economy and humans. Thenwe should establish a human-centered development conceptkeeping an eye on human nature and paying attention to human existencehuman value and the meaning of human. And we also should build the institutional mechanisms of promoting human quality and capacitydetermine economic development path with the goal of enriching the people and achieve the organic unity of human development and environmental development. Key words human development quality of economic growth enriching the people 8

technical efficiency TE

technical efficiency TE TOURISM TRIBUNE 26 2011 3 1 2 1. 350002 2. 361005 DEA 2003 ~ 2008 31 DEA F59 A 1002-5006 2011 03-0025 - 06 20 70 30 1 2009 2458 1652. 5 2009 3. 32 912 226. 14 technical efficiency TE 1 data envelopment

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