Consolidated Financial Statements and Independent Auditor's Report

Transcription

1 Consolidated Financial Statements and Independent Auditor's Report Adris grupa d.d. 31 December 2015

2 page 60 Consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2015 (in thousands of HRK) Note Operating income 5 4,054,175 2,754,264 Other income 6 778, ,318 Change in value of inventories of work in progress and finished goods 10,616 43,575 Insurance claims incurred, net of reinsurance 8 (1,793,344) (1,168,508) Cost of materials and services 7 (1,013,471) (871,000) Staff costs 9 (1,047,749) (874,688) Depreciation and amortisation and impairment 16, 17, 18 (350,161) (238,491) Other operating expenses 10 (360,228) (213,076) Other gains net 11 (3,234) 139,335 Operating profit 275,248 (95,271) Finance income 12 97, ,051 Finance costs 12 (9,632) (4,736) Finance income net 12 88, ,315 Share in profit of associates 19 3,266 5,779 Profit before tax 366, ,823 Income tax 13 (79,084) (6,385) Net profit for the year from continuing operations 287,611 99,438 Net profit for the year from discontinued operations 34 1,106, ,123 Net profit for the year 1,394, ,561 Other comprehensive income Foreign exchange differences 7,726 Change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets net of deferred income tax (42,169) 102,424 Total other comprehensive income (42,169) 110,150 Total comprehensive income for the year 1,351, ,711

3 page 61 Net profit attributable to: Company s shareholders 1,375, ,321 Non-controlling interests 18,604 (43,760) 1,394, ,561 Comprehensive income attributable to: Company s shareholders 1,347, ,262 Non-controlling interests 4,057 (23,551) 1,351, ,711 Basic/diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company s shareholders (in HRK) These consolidated financial statements set out on pages 60 to 197 were approved by the Management Board of the Company on 25 April Ante Vlahović, M.Sc. President of the Management Board

4 page 62 Consolidated statement of financial position as at 31 December 2015 (in thousands of HRK) Note ASSETS Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment 16 3,923,822 4,589,701 Investment property , ,739 Intangible assets ,006 1,040,409 Held-to-maturity investments 20 2,147,553 2,304,822 Available-for-sale financial assets 21 2,082,481 1,350,036 Deferred tax assets , ,706 Investments in associates and joint ventures 19 93, ,657 Trade and other receivables , ,051 Deposits 26 4,142,356 1,457,970 14,509,400 12,292,091 Current assets Inventories , ,613 Trade and other receivables 23 2,446,641 3,420,214 Held-to-maturity investments , ,893 Available-for-sale financial assets 21 3,270 15,776 Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss , ,684 Deposits 26 1,138, ,376 Cash and cash equivalents , ,007 4,675,735 5,761,563 Total assets 19,185,135 18,053,654

5 page 63 EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Capital and reserves Share capital 164, ,000 Share premium 27,080 16,922 Treasury shares (152,957) (41,459) Legal reserves 12,448 12,448 Fair value reserves 38,334 82,215 Other reserves 7,464,696 7,461,897 Retained earnings 959, , ,513,007 8,071,559 Non-controlling interests 1,126,009 1,181,962 Total equity 9,639,016 9,253,521 LIABILITIES Non-current liabilities Borrowings , ,102 Provisions , ,784 Technical provisions 32 4,605,395 4,142,262 Deferred tax liability , ,511 5,872,405 4,765,659 Current liabilities Trade and other payables ,362 1,155,501 Income tax payable 591,331 31,076 Borrowings 29 29, ,658 Provisions 31 55, ,052 Technical provisions 32 2,110,747 2,348,187 3,673,714 4,034,474 Total liabilities 9,546,119 8,800,133 Total equity and liabilities 19,185,135 18,053,654

6 page 64 Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders equity for the year ended 31 December 2015 Equity attributable to the Company s shareholders Share Share Treasury (in thousands of HRK) Note capital premium shares Balance at 1 January ,000 16,922 (41,459) Profit for 2014 Other comprehensive income Change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets Foreign exchange differences on translation of foreign operations Total comprehensive income Transactions with owners Acquisition of subsidiaries 33 Purchase from non-controlling interests 35 Transfer of retained earnings 28 /iv/ Transfer from reserves to retained earnings 28 /iv/ Dividends declared 28 /v/ Total transactions with owners Balance at 31 December ,000 16,922 (41,459)

7 page 65 Equity attributable to the Company s shareholders Non- Legal Fair value Other Retained controlling reserves reserves reserves earnings interests Total 12,448 7,186, , ,273 7,897, ,321 (43,760) 321,561 82,215 20, ,424 7,726 7,726 82, ,047 (23,551) 431,711 1,037,926 1,037, (686) (636) 390,421 (390,421) (114,800) 114,800 (113,375) (113,375) 275,621 (388,946) 1,037, ,915 12,448 82,215 7,461, ,536 1,181,962 9,253,521

8 page 66 Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders equity for the year ended 31 December 2015 Equity attributable to the Company s shareholders Share Share Treasury (in thousands of HRK) Note capital premium shares Balance at 1 January ,000 16,922 (41,459) Profit for 2015 Other comprehensive income Change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets Total comprehensive income Transactions with owners Sale of subsidiaries 34 Purchase from non-controlling interests 35 Transfer of retained earnings Transfer from reserves to retained earnings 28 /iv/ Dividends declared 28 /v/ Purchase of treasury shares 28 /ii/ (165,045) Sale of treasury shares 28 /ii/ 10,158 53,547 Other Total transactions with owners 10,158 (111,498) Balance at 31 December ,000 27,080 (152,957)

9 page 67 Equity attributable to the Company s shareholders Non- Legal Fair value Other Retained controlling reserves reserves reserves earnings interests Total 12,448 82,215 7,461, ,536 1,181,962 9,253,521 1,375,563 18,604 1,394,167 (43,881) 16,259 (14,547) (42,169) (43,881) 16,259 1,375,563 4,057 1,351,998 (22,667) (22,667) 11,412 (50) (37,343) (25,981) 675,128 (675,128) (700,000) 700,000 (796,568) (796,568) (165,045) 63,705 (19,947) (19,947) (13,460) (791,693) (60,010) (966,503) 12,448 38,334 7,464, ,406 1,126,009 9,639,016

10 page 68 consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 december 2015 (in thousands of HRK) Note Cash flows from operating activities: Cash generated from operations , ,712 Tax paid (90,541) (57,071) Interest paid (7,126) (15,317) Cash flow from operating activities of sold subsidiaries 34 (59,566) 308,198 Cash flow from operating activities 658, ,522 Cash flow used in investing activities: Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired 33 (2,052,183) Proceeds from sale of subsidiaries, net of cash used in acquisition 3,714,319 Purchase of share in associate Proceeds from shares in associates 19 18,349 Investment in held-to-maturity financial assets 20 (164,183) (194,847) Proceeds on sale of held-to-maturity financial assets , ,699 Investment in available-for-sale financial assets 21 (1,016,519) (653,306) Gains on sale of available-for-sale financial assets 254,142 Investment/withdrawal of deposits net (3,332,402) 2,070,227 Proceeds from sale of investments in securities and bonds at fair value through profit or loss 208, ,135 Purchase of tangible and intangible assets 16, 17, 18 (387,876) (307,438) Loans given net 559,584 5,312 Interest collected 140, ,792 Proceeds from sale of tangible assets ,944 Dividends received 7,843 4,692 Cash flow used in investing activities of sold subsidiaries 34 (162,807) (30,064) Cash flow used in investing activities 150,952 (157,688)

11 page 69 Cash flows from financing activities: Purchase of treasury shares 28 (165,045) Sale of treasury shares 28 63,705 Purchase of shares from non-controlling interests 35 (25,981) (636) Dividends paid (791,105) (113,375) Repayment of borrowings (68,840) (54,882) Proceeds from borrowings 38,531 45,560 Cash flow used in financing activities of sold subsidiaries 34 79,609 (101,632) Cash flow used in financing activities (869,126) (224,965) Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (59,611) 157,869 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 234,007 76,138 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year , ,007

12 page 70 NOTE 1 General information Adris grupa Rovinj (the Group) consists of the parent company Adris grupa d.d., Rovinj (the Company) and the subsidiaries listed below. The parent Company is registered in Rovinj, Obala Vladimira Nazora 1, Croatia and is engaged in the management of investments in subsidiaries and other investments. Through a number of subsidiaries, the Group performs tourism, trade and mariculture activities. After acquiring the subsidiary Croatia osiguranje d.d., since 2014 the Group is also engaged in the insurance business. During 2015, the Group sold its subsidiaries performing the tobacco manufacturing and processing activities and engaged in the trade of tobacco products (Note 34). As at 31 December 2015 and 2014, the shares of Adris grupa d.d. and Maistra d.d. are listed on the public joint stock company listing on the Zagreb Stock Exchange. During 2015, Adris grupa d.d. purchased the remaining shares of non-controlling interests in the company Tvornica Duhana Zagreb d.d. and thus acquired all of the shares in the company, and on 23 February 2015 trading of these shares ceased. Adris grupa d.d. owns the following companies comprising the Adris group (the Group). Name of subsidiary (Ownership %) TDR d.o.o., Rovinj, Croatia (Note 34): 100 Hrvatski duhani d.d. Virovitica, Croatia (Note 34) 92.7 Istragrafika d.d., Rovinj, Croatia (Note 34) 100 TDR Parsian Company, Iran (Note 34) 100 TDR Rovita Ljubljana d.o.o., Slovenia (Note 34) 100

13 page 71 TDR Sarajevo d.o.o., Bosnia and Herzegovina (Note 34) 100 TDR Beograd d.o.o., Serbia (Note 34) 100 TDR Skopje d.o.o.e.l., Macedonia (Note 34) 100 TDR Sh.p.k., Pristina, Kosovo (Note 34) 100 TDR Podgorica d.o.o., Montenegro (Note 34) 100 TDR Germany GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (Note 34) 100 Adista d.o.o., Rovinj, Croatia (Note 34) 100 Adista BH, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Note 34) 100 Rovita Sofija, Bulgaria Adria Resorts d.o.o., Rovinj, Croatia: Maistra d.d., Rovinj, Croatia Grand hotel Imperial d.d Slobodna Katarina d.o.o. Rovinj, Croatia Cromaris d.d., Zadar Cenmar Export Import d.o.o. Kali, Croatia Cenmar Tkon d.o.o. Zadar, Croatia merged Cenmar Košara d.o.o. Zadar, Croatia merged Cromaris Italia s.r.l., Treviso, Italy Inovine d.d., Zagreb, Croatia (Note 34): 88.8 Adria tisak d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia merged E.distribucija d.o.o., Rovinj, Croatia merged Opresa d.d., Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Note 34): 97.1 Inovine BH, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Note 34) 100 Abilia d.o.o., Rovinj, Croatia Tvornica duhana Zagreb d.d., Croatia Croatia osiguranje d.d., Zagreb: CROATIA Lloyd d.d., Zagreb CROATIA mirovni dom d.o.o., Zagreb Histria Construct d.o.o Razne Usluge d.o.o. currently being wound up, Zagreb CROATIA-Tehnički pregledi d.o.o., Zagreb STP Pitomača, Pitomača STP Blato, Blato Slavonijatrans-Tehnički pregledi d.o.o., Sl. Brod Herz d.d., Požega CROATIA osiguranje mirovinsko društvo d.o.o., Zagreb

14 page 72 CROATIA zdravstveno osiguranje d.d., Zagreb Poliklinika Ars Medica, Pula Poliklinika CROATIA zdravstveno osiguranje, Zagreb Milenijum osiguranje a.d., Belgrade CROATIA Sigurimi sh.a., Pristina CROATIA osiguranje d.d., Ljubuški Crotehna d.o.o., Ljubuški CROATIA remont d.d., Čapljina Croauto d.o.o., Mostar Hotel Hum d.o.o., Ljubuški Ponte d.o.o., Mostar CROATIA osiguranje a.d. društvo za osiguranje neživota, Skopje (non-life insurance company) CROATIA osiguranje a.d., društvo za osiguranje života, Skopje (life insurance company)

15 page 73 NOTE 2 Summary of significant accounting policies The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated. 2.1 Basis of preparation The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted in the European Union under the historical cost convention, as modified by the revaluation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss and available-for-sale financial assets. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires the Management Board to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the financial statements, are disclosed in Note 4. In accordance with IFRS, the Company disclosed information related to the acquisition of subsidiaries as required in IFRS 3 Business Combinations (Note 33) and information related to the sale of subsidiaries as required in IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations (Note 34). As required in IFRS 3, in accordance with the final fair values of assets and liabilities of acquired subsidiaries, in the statement of financial position and statement of comprehensive income as at 31 December 2014 and for the year then ended items were changed that relate to the final determination of goodwill. These changes are not corrections of prior period errors, but changes required and allowed within the application of IFRS 3. As required in IFRS 5, changes were made to the presentation of items in the statement of financial position and

16 page 74 statement of cash flows as well as reclassification for These changes are not corrections of prior period errors, but mandatory presentation reclassifications as set out in IFRS 5. Other reclassifications in the statements are disclosed in Note a) New and amended standards applicable as of 1 January 2015 The Group has adopted the following new and amended standards for their annual reporting period commencing 1 January 2015 which were endorsed by the European Union and which are relevant for the Group s financial statements: Annual Improvements to IFRSs Cycle comprising changes to seven standards (IFRS 1, IFRS 3, IFRS 8, IFRS 13, IAS 16, IAS 28 and IAS 24). Annual Improvements to IFRSs Cycle comprising changes to four standards (IFRS 2, IFRS 3, IFRS 13 and IAS 40). Defined Benefit Plans: Employee Contributions Amendments to IAS 19. The adoption of these improvements did not have any impact on the current period or any prior period and is not likely to affect future periods. b) Forthcoming requirements Certain new standards and interpretations have been published that are not mandatory for 31 December 2015 reporting periods and have not been early adopted by the Group. None of these is expected to have a significant effect on the Group s financial statements, except for the following standards: IFRS 9 Financial instruments and associated amendments to various other standards (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018) IFRS 9 addresses the classification, measurement and derecognition of financial assets and financial liabilities and introduces new rules for hedge accounting. In December 2014, IASB made further changes to the classification and measurement rules and also introduced a new impairment model. With these amendments, IFRS 9 is now complete. The Management Board of the Group assessed the impact of the new standard IFRS 9 on its financial statements as follows: - Following the changes approved by IASB in July 2014, the Group no longer expects any impact from the new classification, measurement and derecognition rules on the Company s financial assets and financial liabilities. - Although the Group is yet to carry out a detailed assessment of the debt instruments currently classified as available-for-sale financial assets, it is expected that they could meet the requirements so as to be classified at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI), taking into account the current business model used for these assets. Therefore, there will be no changes in reporting these assets.

17 page 75 - There will also be no impact on the Group s accounting for financial liabilities, as the new requirements only affect the accounting for financial liabilities that are designated at fair value through profit or loss and the Company does not have any such liabilities. - The new hedging rules largely align hedge accounting with the Group s risk management process. As a general rule it will be easier to apply hedge accounting going forward as the standard introduces a more principles-based approach. The new standard also introduces expanded disclosure requirements and changes in presentation. - The new impairment model is an expected credit loss (ECL) model which may result in the earlier recognition of credit losses. - The Group has not yet assessed how its own hedging arrangements and impairment provisions would be affected by the new rules. The Management Board plans to adopt the standard on its effective date and when endorsed by the European Union. IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers and associated amendments to various other standards (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018) IASB has issued a new standard for the recognition of revenue. This will replace IAS 18 which covers contracts for goods and services and IAS 11 which covers construction contracts. The new standard is based on the principle that revenue is recognised when control of a good or service transfers to a customer so the notion of control replaces the existing notion of risks and rewards. Key changes to current practice are: - Any bundled goods or services that are distinct must be separately recognised, and any discounts or rebates on the contract price must generally be allocated to the separate elements. - Revenue may be recognised earlier than under current standards if the consideration varies for any reasons (such as for incentives, rebates, performance fees, royalties, success of an outcome, etc.). - The point at which revenue is able to be recognised may shift: some revenue which is currently recognised at a point in time at the end of a contract may have to be recognised over the contract term and vice versa. - There are new specific rules on licenses, warranties, non- refundable upfront fees and, consignment arrangements, to name a few; and - As with any new standard, there are also increased disclosures. Entities will have a choice of full retrospective application, or prospective application with additional disclosures. The Management Board is currently assessing the impact of the new rules of IFRS 15 and has identified the following areas that are likely to be affected: - Extended warranties, which will need to be accounted for as separate performance obligations, which will delay the recognition of a portion of the revenue; - IT consulting services where the new guidance may result in the identification of separate performance obligations which could

18 page 76 again affect the timing of the recognition of revenue; and - The balance sheet presentation of rights of return, which will have to be grossed up in the future (separate recognition of the right to recover the goods from the customer and the refund obligation). At this stage, the Group is not able to estimate the impact of the new rules on the Company s financial statements, it will make more detailed assessments of the impact over the next twelve months. The Management Board plans to adopt the standard on its effective date and when endorsed by the European Union. IFRS 16 Leases (issued in January 2016 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019) The new standard sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases. All leases result in the lessee obtaining the right to use an asset at the start of the lease and, if lease payments are made over time, also obtaining financing. Accordingly, IFRS 16 eliminates the classification of leases as either operating leases of finance leases as is required by IAS 17 and, instead, introduces a single lessee accounting model. Lessees will be required to recognize: a) assets and liabilities for all leases with a term of more than 12 months, unless the underlying asset is of low value, and b) depreciation of lease assets separately from interest on lease liabilities in the income statement. IFRS 16 substantially carries forward the lessor accounting requirements in IAS 17. Accordingly, a lessor continues to classify its leases as operating leases or finance leases, and to account for those two types of leases differently. The Group is currently assessing the impact of the amendments on the financial statements. 2.2 Consolidation a) Subsidiaries Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. The Group uses the acquisition method of accounting to account for business combinations. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair values of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred and the equity interests issued by the Group. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred in the statement of comprehensive income. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair

19 page 77 values at the acquisition date. The Group recognises any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the non-controlling interest s proportionate share in the acquiree s identifiable net assets. The excess of consideration transferred the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and acquisition-date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the Group s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If this is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired in the case of bargain purchase, the difference is recognised directly in the statement of comprehensive income. Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions among the Group companies are eliminated. Unrealised losses are also eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. When the Group ceases to have control or significant influence, any retained interest in the entity is remeasured to its fair value, with the change in carrying amount recognised in profit or loss. The fair value is the initial carrying amount for the purposes of subsequently accounting for the retained interest as an associate, joint venture or financial asset. In addition, any amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in respect of that entity are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. This may mean that amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the statement of comprehensive income. If the ownership interest in an associate is reduced but significant influence is retained, only a proportionate share of the amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the statement of comprehensive income where appropriate. b) Transactions and non-controlling interests The Group applies a policy of treating transactions with non-controlling interests as transactions with equity owners of the Group. For purchases from minority interests, the difference between any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity. c) Investments in associates Associates are all entities over which the Group has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying a shareholding of between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. In the financial statements of the Group, investments in associates are accounted for using the cost method and are initially recognised at cost. The Group s investment in associates includes goodwill identified on acquisition, net of any accumulated impairment loss.

20 page 78 The Group s share of its associates postacquisition profits or losses is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income and its share of post-acquisition movements in reserves is recognised in reserves. The cumulative post-acquisition movements are adjusted against the carrying amount of the investment. When the Group s share of losses in an associate equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, including any other unsecured receivables, the Group does not recognise further losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. Unrealised gains on transactions between the Group and its associates are eliminated to the extent of the Group s interest in the associates. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Accounting policies of associates have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. d) Joint arrangements 2.3 Segment reporting Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decisionmaker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Management Board of Adris Group that makes strategic decisions. 2.4 Foreign currencies a) Functional and presentation currency Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The consolidated financial statements are presented in Croatian kuna (HRK), which is the Company s functional and the Group s presentation currency. The Group applies IFRS 11 to all joint arrangements. Under IFRS 11 investments in joint arrangements are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures depending on the contractual rights and obligations of each investor. The Group has assessed the nature of its joint arrangements and determined them to be joint ventures. Joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method. b) Transactions and balances Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are

21 page 79 recognised in the statement of comprehensive income. Translation differences on non-monetary financial assets such as equities held at fair value in the statement of comprehensive income are recognised in statement of comprehensive income as a part of the fair value gain or loss. c) Group companies The results and financial position of all the Group entities that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows: i. assets and liabilities for each balance sheet presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that balance sheet; ii. income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income are translated at average exchange rates; and iii. all resulting exchange differences are recognised in comprehensive income. 2.5 Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment is included in the balance sheet at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Historical cost includes the cost that is directly attributable to the purchase of the assets. Subsequent costs are included in the asset s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the statement of comprehensive income during the financial period in which they are incurred. Land and assets under construction are not depreciated. Depreciation of other items of property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost over their residual values over their estimated useful lives as follows: On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign subsidiaries are taken to shareholders equity. When a foreign subsidiary is sold, exchange differences that were recorded in equity are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income as part of the gain or loss on sale. Useful lives in years Buildings Plant and equipment 2,5 20 The residual value of an asset is the estimated amount that the Group would currently obtain from disposal of the asset less the estimated cost of disposal, if the asset were already of the age and in the condition expected at the end of its

22 page 80 useful life. The residual value of an asset is nil if the Group expects to use the asset until the end of its physical life. The assets residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. An asset s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount (Note 2.8). Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with the carrying amount. These are included in other gains/losses in the statement of comprehensive income. 2.6 Intangible assets a) Computer software licences Acquired computer software licences are capitalised on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and bring to use the specific software. These costs are amortised over their estimated useful lives of 4 years. b) Trademarks and licences Trademarks and licences are shown at historical cost. Trademarks and licences have a finite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation. Amortisation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of trademarks and licences over their estimated useful lives of 5 years. c) Brands Brands acquired through business combinations are recognised at initial fair value (at acquisition date) less accumulated amortisation. Amortisation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the brand over its estimated useful life of 15 years. d) Customer relationships and long-term contracts from non-life insurance business Individually realised customer relationships and acquired long-term contracts and rights from non-life insurance business are carried at historical cost in the period when the service is provided. Customer relationships and long-term contracts from non-life insurance business acquired through business combinations are recognised at fair value on the acquisition date. These contracts and rights have a finite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment, if any. Amortisation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated relationship and contract duration to allocate the cost of the rights over their estimated useful lives of 6 years. e) Value of life assurance business The value of life assurance policies acquired through business combinations is recognised at fair value on the acquisition date. These assets have a finite useful life in

23 page 81 accordance with the duration of long-term life contracts and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment, if any. Amortisation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated relationship and contract duration to allocate the cost of the rights over their estimated useful lives of 20 years. f) Rights from receivables arising from insurance contracts Individually realised rights arising form insurance contracts are carried at historical cost in the period when the service is provided. Rights arising from insurance contracts acquired through business combinations are recognised at fair value on the acquisition date. These rights have a finite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment, if any. Amortisation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated relationship and contract duration to allocate the cost of the rights over their estimated useful lives of 8 years. g) Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Group s share of the net identifiable assets of the acquired subsidiary at the date of acquisition. Goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries is included in intangible assets. Separately recognised goodwill is tested annually for impairment, or whenever there are indications of impairment, and is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units for the purpose of impairment testing. The allocation is made to those cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which the goodwill arose (Note 2.8). 2.7 Investment property Investment property, principally comprising office buildings and warehouses, is held for long-term rental yields or appreciation and is not occupied by the Group. Investment property is treated as a longterm investment unless it is intended to be sold in the next year and a buyer has been identified in which case it is classified within current assets. Investment property is carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation for buildings is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate cost over their estimated useful life of 40 years. Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with it will flow to the Group and the cost can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred in the statement of comprehensive income. If an investment property becomes owner-occupied, it is reclassified to property, plant and equipment, and its carrying amount at the

24 page 82 date of reclassification becomes its deemed cost to be subsequently depreciated. 2.8 Business combinations The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for all business combinations, regardless of whether equity instruments or other assets are acquired. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary comprises the fair values of the assets transferred liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquired business equity interests issued by the group fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement, and fair value of any pre-existing equity interest in the subsidiary. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are, with limited exceptions, measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. The group recognises any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity on an acquisition-byacquisition basis at the non-controlling interest s proportionate share of the acquired entity s net identifiable assets. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred in the statement of comprehensive income. the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition-date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the Group s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If those amounts are less than the fair value of the net identifiable assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised directly in profit or loss as a bargain purchase. Where settlement of any part of cash consideration is deferred, the amounts payable in the future are discounted to their present value as at the date of exchange. The discount rate used is the entity s incremental borrowing rate, being the rate at which a similar borrowing could be obtained from an independent financier under comparable terms and conditions. Contingent consideration is classified either as equity or a financial liability. Amounts classified as a financial liability are subsequently remeasured to fair value with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss. If the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition date carrying value of the acquirer s previously held equity interest in the acquire is remeasured to fair value at the acquisition date. Any gains or losses arising from such remeasurement are recognised in profit or loss. The excess of consideration transferred,

25 page Impairment of non-financial assets Assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortisation and depreciation and are tested annually for impairment (e.g. land and goodwill). Assets that are subject to amortisation and depreciation are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purpose of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date Financial instruments The Management Board determines the classification of financial assets and financial liabilities at initial recognition and, where appropriate, re-evaluates this designation at each reporting date. Financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss Financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are those that are classified as assets and liabilities held for trading or those that the Group initially classified as at fair value through profit or loss. Trading assets and liabilities are those assets and liabilities that the Group acquires or incurs principally for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term, or holds as a part of a portfolio that is managed together for short-term profit or position taking. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss is included in debt and equity securities, investments funds and other financial assets held for trading. i Classification and recognition Loans and receivables The Group classifies its financial instruments into the following categories: financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables, availablefor-sale financial assets, held-to-maturity investments and other financial liabilities. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets and liabilities were acquired. Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are included in current assets, except for maturities greater than 12 months after the balance sheet date. These are classified as non-current assets. The accounting policies for insurance receivables are set out in Note 2.13.

26 page 84 Held-to-maturity financial assets Held-to-maturity financial assets are nonderivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturity that an entity has the positive intention and ability to hold to maturity. Held-tomaturity investments include state and corporate bonds with fixed income. Available-for-sale financial assets Available-for-sale financial assets are nonderivatives that are either designated in this category or not classified in any of the other categories. Financial assets classified as available for sale are intended to be held for an indefinite period. However, they may be sold so as to maintain liquidity or in the event of changes in interest rates, exchange rates or prices of equity instruments. ii Recognition and derecognition Regular purchases and sales of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity investments and available-for-sale financial assets are recognised on the trading date, that is, the date on which the Group commits to purchasing or selling the instrument. Loans and receivables as well as financial liabilities are initially recognised on the date of occurrence. The Group derecognises financial assets (in full or in part) when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset have expired or when it loses control over the contractual rights to such financial assets. This occurs when the Group essentially transfers all equity risks and benefits to another business entity, or when the rights are exercised, surrendered or expired. The Group ceases to recognise financial liabilities only when they cease to exist, that is, when they are met, cancelled or expired, or when they are transferred. Should the terms of financial liabilities substantially change, the Group shall cease to recognise that particular liability and at the same time recognise a new financial liability, with new terms. Initial and subsequent measurement Financial assets and liabilities are recognised initially at their fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset or financial liability not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial asset or financial liability. After initial recognition, the Group measures financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss, and available-for-sale financial assets at their fair value, without any deduction for selling costs. For financial instruments traded in active markets, the determination of fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities is based on quoted market prices. This includes listed equity securities and quoted debt instruments on official stock exchanges. For all other financial instruments, fair value is determined using valuation

27 page 85 techniques. In these techniques, fair values are estimated from observable financial information based on which value is determined using the discounted cash flow method. In cases where the fair value of unlisted equity instruments cannot be determined reliably, the instruments are carried at cost. Loans and receivables and held-to-maturity investments are measured at amortised cost net of impairment. Financial liabilities not classified at fair value through profit or loss are measured at amortised cost. Premiums and discounts, including initial transaction costs, are included in the carrying amount of the associated instrument and amortized using the effective interest rate of that instrument. Gains and losses other comprehensive income, along with all other changes in their fair value, whereas income earned from dividends is recognised through profit or loss. Upon sale or other derecognition of available-for-sale financial assets, all cumulative gains or losses are transferred from other comprehensive income to profit or loss. Gains and losses on financial instruments carried at amortised cost may also arise, and are recognised in profit or loss, when a financial instrument is derecognised or when its value is impaired. Apart from gains and losses arising from the change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets which are recognised in other comprehensive income, as described above, all other gains and losses and interest are recognised in profit or loss in line items Finance income and Finance costs. Gains and losses arising from a change in the fair value of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in profit or loss. Gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of available-for-sale monetary assets are recognised directly in other comprehensive income. Impairment losses, foreign exchange gains and losses, interest income and amortisation of premium or discount using the effective interest method on available-for-sale monetary assets are recognised in profit or loss. Foreign exchange differences resulting from revaluation of nonmonetary financial assets denominated in or linked to foreign currency that are classified as available for sale are recognised within Fair value measurement principles The fair value of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and financial assets available for sale is their quoted market price at the reporting date without any deduction for estimated future costs to sell. If the financial assets market (including the unlisted securities market) is not active, or if, for any other reason the fair value cannot be reliably measured on the basis of the market price, the Group determines the fair value based on observed prices (prices of similar or identical items), and when this is not available, it applies various estimation techniques that use all relevant information and inputs that

28 page 86 can help in estimating the fair value. This includes the use of prices attained in recent transactions between informed and willing parties, reference to other essentially similar instruments, discounted cash flow analysis and option pricing models, making maximum use of market information and relying as little as possible on the specific characteristics of the entity. Where discounted cash flow techniques are used, estimated future cash flows are based on the Management Board s best estimates and the discount rate is the market rate effective at the reporting date and used for financial instruments with similar conditions. Where a pricing model is used, the market related rates effective at the reporting date are used. iii Impairment of financial assets At each reporting date the Group assesses whether there is objective evidence that financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss are impaired. Financial assets are impaired when objective evidence demonstrates that a loss event has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset, and that the loss event has an impact on the future cash flows of the asset that can be estimated reliably. The Group takes into account the evidence of impairment for both a specific asset and at group level. All individually significant financial assets are assessed for impairment. All individually significant financial assets where impairment has not been identified are included in the basis for assessing impairment at group level for impairment that has occurred but has yet to be identified. Assets that are not individually significant are assessed for impairment by grouping together financial assets (presented at amortised cost) on the basis of similar risks. Objective evidence of impairment of financial assets (including equity securities) includes default or delinquency by a borrower, restructuring of loans or advances by the Group on terms that the Group would not otherwise consider, indications that a borrower or issuer will enter bankruptcy, the disappearance of an active market for the security, or other available data relating to a group of assets, such as adverse changes in the payment status of borrowers or issuers within the group, or economic conditions that are connected with defaults within the group. For the purposes of assessing impairment at group level, the Group relies on historical experience in terms of loss rates, periods of loss recognition, adjusted for the purposes of the Management Board s assessment as to whether current economic and credit conditions are such that the actual losses may be higher or lower than before. Loss rates and the expected recognition period are reviewed regularly. Impairment losses on assets carried at amortised cost are measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the financial assets and the present value of estimated cash flows discounted at the assets original effective interest rate. Losses are recognised through profit or loss and reflected in impairment provisions. Interest

29 page 87 on impaired assets is recognised as discount amortisation and at collection of payment. In the case of equity investments classified as available for sale, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the investment below its cost is considered as an indicator of impairment. If any such evidence exists for available-for-sale financial assets, the cumulative loss, calculated as the difference between the cost and current fair value, less any loss from impairment of that financial asset that was previously recognised in profit or loss, is transferred from other comprehensive income and recognised in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognised in profit or loss on equity securities cannot be subsequently reversed through profit or loss, but all value increases until the final sale are recognised in other comprehensive income If a subsequent event results in the decrease in the amount of impairment loss for financial assets that are presented at amortised cost and for debt securities available for sale, the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed and recognised through profit or loss. Changes in the amount of impairment related to the time value of money are recognised as a component of interest income. iv Specific instruments on the purpose for which the debt security has been acquired. Loans and receivables from banks Deposits with banks are classified as loans and receivables and valued at amortised cost less impairment losses. Equity securities Equity securities are classified as assets at fair value through profit or loss or as available-for-sale financial assets and measured at fair value, unless it is impossible to reliably establish the fair value (as described above) when they are measured at cost. Loans and receivables from policyholders Loans and receivables from policyholders are presented at amortised cost less impairment to reflect the estimated recoverable amounts. Investments in funds Investments in open-end investment funds are classified as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss or as financial assets available for sale and they are measured at current fair value. Debt securities Debt securities are classified as held-tomaturity investments or financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, depending Investments for the account and risk of life insurance policyholders Investments for the account and risk of life insurance policyholders include