Name: Manuel Hernandez July 14, 2006

Transcription

1 (1) Making projections: A spreadsheet program stores and calculates information in a structured array of data cells. By defining relationships between information in cells, a user can see the effects of data changes on other data in the spreadsheet (see tutorial). Spreadsheets are "number crunchers" and are useful when ever teachers or students need to perform numerous calculations. Both students and teachers should be able to perform "what-if" analyses to project budgets, grades or other numeric values. Analyze the sample family budget and make reasonable recommendations to balance the budget should one of the wage earners lose their job. Include a printout of your balanced budget. Figure 1: My sample budget 1

2 Figure 1 demonstrates a sample budget for a teenager. It is reasonable since the total income in a year is $35, 856. The house expense is reasonable if he/she has roommates and they split the cost of mortgage, insurance, and property taxes. He/she has no life insurance since he/she works for the union who has health insurance. The auto insurance is reasonable for one car since $1,255 a year. The gas on their ford is $80 a month which is reasonable if he/she carpools to work. The payments to the car are $250 and the repairs only include the oil change. The groceries include fast food. The budget spread sheet was done in Excel and helps my students and I budget are money correctly. The ending cash level is at zero. Thus, this person did not save any money on his/her account. Spread sheet will help us manage our money correct to save or so that we do not end up in debt. (2) Graphing and interpreting data: One of the most important analytical skills for students is the ability to read and interpret graphs. Fortuantely, spreadsheet programs can graph data and provide opportunities for analysis and discussion. Create two or more different types of graphs (chart) from spreadsheets related to your discipline. Make sure the graph is meaningful and is fully and correctly labeled. Copy the graphs into the portoflio. Write two or more questions (and provide answers) for each graph. Figure 2: Spread sheet on Pressure and Volume 2

3 Figure 3: Scatter plot on Pressure versus Volume Figure 2 demonstrates the data for pressure and volume and Figure 3 demonstrates the scatter plot for the data. The data is plotted Pressure versus Volume as shown in Figure 3. The units for volume are cubic meters and the pressure is in psi. Thus, it is necessary to determine if scatter plot is linear to make a conclusion. 1. Draw a linear line through the dots (the line does not have to be exact)? 2. What is the y-intercept and x-intercept? 3. Write the linear equation in terms of y = m(x) + b? 3

4 Figure 4: The data represents the percents spend on the items Figure 5: The pie chart represents the percents of income paid towards the following items. Figure 4 demonstrates the data for the percents spend on the items and Figure 5 demonstrates the pie chart for the data. The units on the pie chart are in percentages. Therefore, by looking at the data we must make a conclusion. 4

5 1. What percentage was spent on mortgage, property taxes, and insurances? 2. What percentage was spent on ford payment, medical, and water? 3. How much was spent on the property taxes if the person made $40,000? (3) Creating a spreadsheet for your subject: Create a new spreadsheet or a new worksheet in an existing spreadsheet file. Your worksheet should include a variety of useful calculations based upon cells in your new worksheet and/or associated ones in your modified spreadsheet file. Include a printout of your new spreadsheet in your portfolio and describe the purpose of your spreadsheet and describe how you would use it in your class. Figure 6: Properties of Area and Volume Properties of Area Area of a Circle Area = "R 2 Surface Area of Sphere Area = 4"R 2 Area of Square Area = L 2 Area of a Rectangle Area = L "W Area of a Triangle Area = 1 2 b" h Area of a Sector Circle Area = "R2 2 Area of an Ellipse Area = "ab Area of a Circular Ring Area = "(R 2 # r 2 ) Area of a Parallelogram Area = bh Area of a Trapezoid Area = h (a + b) 2 Properties of Volume Cube Volume = L 3 5

6 Sphere Volume = 4 3 "R3 Right Circular Cone Volume = "R2 h 3 Right Circular Cylinder Volume = "R 2 h Table 1: Demonstrates the formulas for the different shapes. The spread sheet will calculate the area and volumes for different shapes as shown in Figure 6. Table 1 demonstrates the formulas for the different shapes. I have embedded the formulas into the cells with the answers in red. However, you could modify the length, radius, base, height, etc, by simple typing the properties of the shape. The area will then be modified as soon as you input the specifications of your shape. I will use this demonstration to my Pre-Calculus students. I will explain why it is important to first understand the formulas for the properties on area and volume shown above. I will give them an example such as what is the area of circle and have them work it out by hand, and then I will use the spread sheet to find the answer by simply typing in the radius of the circle. Students will be amaze on how simply the spread sheet will give them the answer. Spread sheets are use in engineering, mathematics, business, statistics, psychology, education, etc. They are easy to use. Students could modify and make observation on their spread sheets. They could draw histograms in matters of seconds. Machines are being built with spread sheet. I have gather data from machines. Three of the machines that I have had the privilege of working with was the Tensile Strength, Compression, and Deflection machines. These machines will gather data while the machine is in progress. Thus, it is impressive how spread sheets are use in everyday life. I also, had the privilege to work on Minitab. It is a spread sheet use in statistics. The functions on Minitab are large. You could draw from normal distributions to chi-square distributions and from scatter plots to body plots. 6