CHAPTER 8: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
|
|
- Lindsey Thompson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CHAPTER 8: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
2 Learning Objectives 1. Explain static budgets and static-budget variances 2. Develop flexible budgets and compute flexiblebudget variances and sales-volume variances 3. Compute price variances and efficiency variances for direct-cost categories 4. Plan for variable and fixed overhead costs and calculate budgeted variable and fixed overhead cost rates
3 Learning Objectives 5. Partition the variable overhead flexible-budget variance into variable overhead efficiency and spending variances 6. Compute the fixed overhead flexible-budget (or spending) variance and the fixed overhead production-volume variance 7. Show how the variance analysis approach reconciles the actual results for a period with the results expected for that period 8. Understand how managers use variances
4 Explain Static Budgets and Static- Budget Variances Learning Objective 1
5 Basic Concepts A variance is the difference between actual results and expected performance Management by exception is the practice of focusing management attention on areas that are not operating as expected and devoting less time to areas operating as expected The static budget is based on the level of output planned at the start of the budget period
6 Static-Budget Variance The static-budget variance is the difference between the actual result and the corresponding budgeted amount in the static budget A favorable variance results when actual revenues exceed budgeted amounts or when actual costs are less than budgeted costs An unfavorable variance results when actual revenues are less than budgeted amounts or when actual costs exceed budgeted costs
7 Develop Flexible Budgets and Compute Flexible-Budget Variances and Sales-Volume Variances Learning Objective 2
8 Flexible Budget Calculates budgeted revenues and budgeted costs based on the actual output in the budget period Companies develop their flexible budgets in three steps: 1. Identify the actual quantity of output 2. Calculate the flexible budget for revenues based on budgeted selling price and actual quantity of output 3. Calculate the flexible budget for costs based on budgeted variable cost per output unit, actual quantity of output, and budgeted fixed costs
9 Sales-Volume Variance
10 Flexible-Budget Variance The flexible-budget variance for revenues is called the selling-price variance because it arises solely from the difference between the actual selling price and the budgeted selling price
11 Compute Price Variances and Efficiency Variances for Direct-Cost Categories Learning Objective 3
12 Subdivision of Flexible-Budgets Variance for Direct-Cost Inputs A price variance that reflects the difference between an actual input price and a budgeted input price An efficiency variance that reflects the difference between an actual input quantity and a budgeted input quantity
13 Obtaining Budgeted Input Prices and Quantities Three main sources for information on budgeted input prices and quantities: Actual input data from past periods Data from other companies that have similar processes Standards developed by a company
14 Actual Input Data from Past Periods Advantages: They represent quantities and prices that are real, rather than hypothetical They can serve as benchmarks for continuous improvement Past data are typically available at low cost Disadvantages: Past data can include inefficiencies such as wastage of direct materials They also do not incorporate any changes expected for the budget period
15 Data from Other Companies that Have Similar Processes Advantages: The budget numbers represent competitive benchmarks from other companies Disadvantages: Input-price and input-quantity data from other companies are often not available or may not be comparable to a particular company s situation
16 Standards Developed by a Company Advantages: Standard times aim to exclude past inefficiencies They take into account changes expected to occur in the budget period Disadvantages: Since they are not based on achieved benchmarks, standards might be infeasible and lead to unhappiness among workers
17 Standard A standard input is a carefully determined quantity of input A standard price is a carefully determined price that a company expects to pay for a unit of input A standard cost is a carefully determined cost of a unit of output
18 Price Variances
19 Efficiency Variances
20 Columnar Presentation of Variance Analysis
21 Plan for Variable and Fixed Overhead Costs and Calculate Budgeted Variable and Fixed Overhead Cost Rates Learning Objective 4
22 Planning Overhead Costs Variable overhead as efficiently as possible, plan only essential activities Fixed overhead as efficiently as possible, plan only essential activities, especially because fixed costs are predetermined well before the budget period begins
23 Standard Costing Traces direct costs to output by multiplying the standard prices or rate by the standard quantities of inputs allowed for actual outputs produced Allocates overhead costs on the basis of the standard overhead-cost rates times the standard quantities of the allocation bases allowed for the actual outputs produced
24 Developing Budgeted Variable Overhead Cost-Allocation Rates Choose the period to use for the budget Select the cost-allocation bases to use in allocating variable overhead costs to output produced Identify the variable overhead costs associated with each cost-allocation base Compute the rate per unit of each cost-allocation base used to allocate variable overhead costs to output produced
25 Developing Budgeted Fixed Overhead Cost-Allocation Rates Choose the period to use for the budget Select the cost-allocation bases to use in allocating fixed overhead costs to output produced Identify the fixed overhead costs associated with each costallocation base Compute the rate per unit of each cost-allocation base used to allocate fixed overhead costs to output produced
26 Partition the Variable Overhead Flexible-Budget Variance into Variable Overhead Efficiency and Spending Variances Learning Objective 5
27 Variable Overhead Flexible- Budget Variance Reveals how much variable overhead costs differed from the flexible budget amount
28 Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance The measure captures the actual use of the driver relative to the amount budgeted to be used for the actual output level
29 Variable Overhead Spending Variance The variance captures both the unexpected changes in price as well as the efficiency of use of variable overhead items such as energy and indirect materials
30 Variable Overhead Variance Analysis
31 Compute the Fixed Overhead Flexible- Budget (Or Spending) Variance and the Fixed Overhead Production-Volume Variance Learning Objective 6
32 Fixed Overhead Flexible-Budget Variance It is the difference between actual fixed overhead costs and fixed overhead costs in the flexible budget
33 Fixed Overhead Spending Variance It informs managers of the difference between actual spending on fixed overhead and the planned amount of spending in the master budget It highlights to managers the sources of unexpected changes in resources expended to acquire capacity
34 Production-Volume Variance Also known as denominator-level variance Arises only for fixed costs It is an indicator of the use of capacity A favorable variance indicates that overhead is overallocated; if unfavorable, the overhead is underallocated
35 Fixed Overhead Variance Analysis
36 Show How the Variance Analysis Approach Reconciles the Actual Results for a Period with the Results Expected for that Period Learning Objective 7
37 Integrated Variance Analysis (Variable Overhead-Panel A)
38 Integrated Variance Analysis (Fixed Overhead-Panel B)
39 Summary of Variance Analysis
40 Understand How Managers Use Variances Learning Objective 8
41 Multiple Causes of Variances Managers must not interpret variances in isolation of each other The causes of variances in one part of the value chain can be the result of decisions made in another part of the value chain
42 When to Investigate Variances A standard is a range of possible acceptable input quantities, costs, output quantities, or prices Managers should expect small variances to arise in this range They frequently investigate variances based on subjective judgments or rules of thumb
43 Performance Measurement Using Variances Two attributes of performance are commonly evaluated: Effectiveness Efficiency Managers must be sure they understand the causes of a variance before using it for performance evaluation
44 Organization Learning The goal of variance analysis is for managers to understand why variances arise, to learn, and to improve future performance
45 Continuous Improvement Managers can also use variance analysis to create a virtuous cycle of continuous improvement This can be done by repeatedly identifying causes of variances, initiating corrective actions, and evaluating results of actions
46 Financial and Nonfinancial Performance Measures Companies use a combination of financial and nonfinancial performance measures for planning and control They are also used to evaluate the performance of managers
47 Cost Variances in Nonmanufacturing Settings Nonmanufacturing and service sector companies can benefit from the use of variance analysis Managers can also use variance analysis to examine the overhead costs of the nonmanufacturing areas of the company Also used to make decisions about pricing, managing costs, and product mix in such companies
48 Impact of Information Technology on Variances Modern information technology promotes the increased use of standard-costing systems for product costing and control Following technology has helped many companies improve their performance: Total quality management systems Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) systems Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems
Flexible Budgets, Variances, and Management Control: I
Flexible Budgets, Variances, and Management Control: I Static and Flexible Budgets A static budget is a budget prepared for only one level of activity. It is based on the level of output planned at the
More informationIn Class #8.1 Coverage of manufacturing overhead, standard cost system Required 1 Solution Exhibit 8-1 shows the computations. Summary details are:
In Class #8.1 Coverage of manufacturing overhead, standard cost system Required 1 Solution Exhibit 8-1 shows the computations. Summary details are: Actual Flexible Budget Output units 49,200 49,200 Allocation
More informationChapter 7: FLEXIBLE BUDGETS
Chapter 7: FLEXIBLE BUDGETS & VARIANCE ANALYSIS Horngren 13e 1 Learning Objective 1: Distinguish a static budget... the master budget based on output planned at start of period from a flexible budget...
More informationCHAPTER 8 FLEXIBLE BUDGETS, OVERHEAD COST VARIANCES, AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL
CHAPTER 8 FLEXIBLE BUDGETS, OVERHEAD COST VARIANCES, AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL 8-1 Effective planning of variable overhead costs involves: 1. Planning to undertake only those variable overhead activities
More informationChapter 4: Job Costing
Chapter 4: Job Costing Costing System Terminology: Cost Object Anything for which a separate measurement of costs is desired. Direct Cost Costs that are related to a particular cost object in an economically
More informationCost Accounting, 14e (Horngren/Datar/Rajan) Chapter 8 Flexible Budgets, Overhead Cost Variances, and Management Control
Cost Accounting, 14e (Horngren/Datar/Rajan) Chapter 8 Flexible Budgets, Overhead Cost Variances, and Management Control Objective 8.1 1) Overhead costs have been increasing due to all of the following
More informationCORNERSTONES. of Managerial Accounting. Dan L. Heitger. Maryanne M. Mowen. Don R. Hansen. Miami University ~ Oxford. Oklahoma State University
FUNDAMENTAL CORNERSTONES of Managerial Accounting Dan L. Heitger Miami University ~ Oxford Maryanne M. Mowen Oklahoma State University ;... ^.. _ ;... Don R. Hansen Oklahoma State University THOMSON SOUTH-WESTERN
More informationVARIANCE ANALYSIS: ILLUSTRATION
VARIANCE ANALYSIS: ILLUSTRATION The following information relates to the production of product Alpha for the month of August Standard Cost Card Budgeted production overhead based on 10,000 units $ $ Selling
More informationStudent Learning Outcomes
Chapter 11 Flexible Budgeting and the Management of Overhead andsupport Activity Costs ACG 6309 Dr. Chula King Student Learning Outcomes Distinguish between static and flexible budgets and explain the
More informationDr. M.D. Chase Accounting 610 Examination 1 Chapters 1-8,11 Horngren et.al. 15 th. Spring 2011
Exam No: Dr. M.D. Chase Accounting 610 Examination 1 Chapters 1-8,11 Horngren et.al. 15 th Spring 2011 Business ethics are the cornerstone of a successful free enterprise economy. Personal ethics are the
More informationFLEXIBLE BUDGETS. Key Terms and Concepts to Know
FLEXIBLE BUDGETS Key Terms and Concepts to Know Static or Planning s Used for planning purposes Prepared at the beginning of the period Based on one projected level of activity Flexible s Used for control
More informationFlexible Budgets and Overhead Variance Analysis
Flexible Budgets and Overhead Variance Analysis 10 This unit, Flexible Budgets and overhead Variance Analysis, covers the following three lessons: Flexible Budgets and their Preparation Analysis of Overhead
More information5_MGT402_Spring_2010_Final_Term_Solved_paper
5_MGT402_Spring_2010_Final_Term_Solved_paper http://vustudents.ning.com Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one BDH produced 30,500 units of Kisty (a product). Each unit of Kisty takes two units
More informationCHAPTER 8 Budgetary Control and Variance Analysis
CHAPTER 8 Budgetary Control and Variance Analysis Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to: 1. Understand how companies use budgets for control. 2. Perform variance analysis.
More information2018 LAST MINUTE CPA EXAM NOTES
2018 LAST MINUTE CPA EXAM NOTES Page intentionally left blank 2018 LAST MINUTE CPA EXAM NOTES BEC (Volume 1) Copyright 2018 by Glomont LLC. First edition Notice of Rights. All rights reserved. No part
More informationManagerial Accounting
Managerial Accounting Making Decisions and Motivating Performance Srikant M. Datar Madhav V. Rajan PEARSON Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai
More informationSTANDARD COSTS AND VARIANCE ANALYSIS
STANDARD COSTS AND VARIANCE ANALYSIS Key Terms and Concepts to Know Static or Planning Budgets Used for planning purposes Prepared at the beginning of the period Based on one projected level of activity
More informationChapter 11. Standard costs for control: flexible budgets and. manufacturing overhead
Chapter 11 Standard costs for control: flexible budgets and manufacturing overhead Copyright 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd, PPTs t/a Management Accounting: An Australian Perspective 3/e by Langfield-Smith,
More informationB292 Revision Part 4
B292 Revision Part 4 EX 1 The following represent four independent situations from which one amount is missing. Products Annual Quantity Carrying (Holding) Cost/Unit Ordering Cost/Order EOQ A 4,500 $1
More informationFlexible Budgets and Overhead Analysis
9-1 Today s Agenda Management Accounting Lecture 16 (Chapter 9) n What is a Flexible Budget n Flexible versus Static Budget n Shortcomings of Static Budgets Flexible Budgets and Overhead Analysis n Advantages
More informationIntroduction to Managerial Accounting and Job Order Cost Systems p. 1 The Differences Between Managerial and Financial Accounting p.
Introduction to Managerial Accounting and Job Order Cost Systems p. 1 The Differences Between Managerial and Financial Accounting p. 2 The Management Accountant in the Organization p. 4 Manufacturing Cost
More informationMANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING SECOND EDITION Karen Wilken Braun Case Western Reserve University Wendy M. Tietz Kent State University Walter T. Harrison, Jr. Baylor University Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis
More informationLO 1: Budgeting. Terms Budget Sales forecast Budget committee Participative budgeting Budgetary slack
Terms Budget Sales forecast Budget committee Participative budgeting Budgetary slack LO 1: Budgeting Long-range planning Master budget Operating budget Financial budget Benefits of Budgeting: Planning
More informationChapter 10 Static and Flexible Budgets
Cost Management Measuring, Monitoring, and Motivating Performance Chapter 10 Static and Flexible Budgets Prepared by Gail Kaciuba Midwestern State University Eldenburg & Wolcott s Cost Management, 1e Slide
More informationGlossary of Budgeting and Planning Terms
Budgeting Basics and Beyond, Third Edition By Jae K. Shim and Joel G. Siegel Copyright 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. Glossary of Budgeting and Planning Terms Active Financial Planning Software Budgeting
More informationPractice Costing and Operation Control
Note to student: Some of the following activities will require the student to use a calculator. Scenario: You are an accountant for Scrumptious, a large food manufacturing plant, and you work in the accounting
More informationIndex COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
A ABC (activity-based costing). See also costs; peanut butter costing allocating indirect costs, 77 78 allocations to cost pools, 79 analyzing cost activities, 78 79 applying to bottlenecks, 353 applying
More informationFINAL EXAMINATION DISCUSSION
1of 13 Kevin J Clark CDU Slide 1 Last Revision 10/05/2015 CMA202 FINAL EXAMINATION DISCUSSION Review Examination rules Hints on Examination techniques General discussion of previous exam papers General
More informationChapter 23 Flexible Budgets and Standard Cost Systems
Chapter 23 Flexible Budgets and Standard Cost Systems Review Questions 1. What is a variance? A variance is the difference between an actual amount and the budgeted amount. 2. Explain the difference between
More informationPaper P1 Management Accounting Performance Evaluation Post Exam Guide November 2008 Exam. General Comments
General Comments The overall result on this paper was reasonable and, while performance was well below the level seen in May 2008, there was a small improvement on the previous November sitting. gained
More informationAbout the author I-5 Acknowledgement I-7 Preface I-9 Chapter-heads I-11 MARGINAL COSTING AND DECISION MAKING-I
Contents About the author I-5 Acknowledgement I-7 Preface I-9 Chapter-heads I-11 1 MARGINAL COSTING AND DECISION MAKING-I COST VOLUME PROFIT ANALYSIS 1.1 Concept 1.1 1.1-1 Assumptions of Cost-Volume-Profit
More informationJob Costing Cost Accounting Horngreen, Datar, Foster 1
Job Costing 1 Building Block Concepts of Costing Systems The following five terms constitute the building blocks that will be used in this chapter: 1 A cost object is anything for which a separate measurement
More informationIs GPK Right for U.S. Companies? Possibility of Its Application in Bangladesh
ASA University Review, Vol. 4 No. 2, July December, 2010 Is GPK Right for U.S. Companies? Possibility of Its Application in Bangladesh Rosanne Weaver * Robert W. Rutledge ** Khondkar E. Karim *** Abstract
More informationFlexible Budgets and Standard Costing Variance Analysis
Flexible Budgets and Standard Costing Variance Analysis 1 Static Budgets and Performance Reports CheeseCo 2 Preparing a Flexible Budget Cost Total Flexible Budgets Formula Fixed 8,000 10,000 12,000 per
More informationFlexible Budgets. and Standard Costing Variance Analysis. Static Budgets and Performance Reports. Flexible Budget Performance Report
Static Budgets and Performance Reports Flexible Budgets CheeseCo and Standard Costing Variance Analysis 1 2 Preparing a Flexible Budget Cost Total Flexible Budgets Formula Fixed 8,000 10,000 12,000 per
More informationPart 2 : 11/11/10 07:41:20
Question 1 - CMA 694 3-29 - Performance Measurement Part 2 : 11/11/10 07:41:20 One approach to measuring divisional performance is return on investment. Return on investment is expressed as operating income
More informationExam: RR - Budgeting; Standard Cost Accounting
Exam: 061572RR - Budgeting; Standard Cost Accounting When you have completed your exam and reviewed your answers, click Submit Exam. Answers will not be recorded until you hit Submit Exam. If you need
More informationanagena Accounting McGraw-Hill Irwin Ray H. Garrison, D.B.A., CPA Eric W. Noreen, Ph.D., CMA Peter C. Brewer, Ph.D., CPA
anagena Accounting r t e e n t i t i Ray H. Garrison, D.B.A., CPA Professor Emeritus Brigham Young University Eric W. Noreen, Ph.D., CMA Professor Emeritus University of Washington Peter C. Brewer, Ph.D.,
More informationThe Manager and Management Total Costs and Unit Costs 57 Accounting 24 Unit Costs 57 Use Unit Costs Cautiously 57. Are Up Costs and Period Costs 58
The Manager and Management Total Costs and Unit Costs 57 Accounting 24 Unit Costs 57 Use Unit Costs Cautiously 57 Pnc.ng: Downloads Are Down, but Profits Sectors, Types of Inventory, Inventoriable Are
More informationPrepare, Apply, and Confirm
Prepare, Apply, and Confirm etext Features Keep students engaged in learning on their own time, while helping them achieve greater conceptual understanding of course material through author-created solutions
More informationREVIEW FOR EXAM NO. 3, ACCT-2302 (SAC) (Chapters 20-22)
REVIEW FOR EXAM NO. 3, ACCT-2302 (SAC) (Chapters 20-22) A. Chapter 20 (Master Budgets and Performance Planning). 1. Budget. a. A plan detailing the acquisition and use of financial and other resources
More informationInstitute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka Operational Level May 2015 Examination. Operational Management Accounting (OMA / OL 1-201)
Copyright Reserved Serial No Institute of Certified Management Accountants of Sri Lanka Operational Level May 2015 Examination Examination Date : 23 rd May 2015 Number of Pages : 05 Examination Time: 9.30
More informationStandard 4 pounds Quantity $ 7.50/pound Standard Cost $30.00
Part 1 Study Unit 7 Fausto Company employs a standard cost system in which direct materials inventory is carried at standard cost. The company has established the following standard for the materials costs
More informationIntermediate Management Accounting
Intermediate Management Accounting Course map This document outlines the course structure. Course orientation Lesson 1: Welcome Lesson 2: Getting your diploma Lesson 3: How do I study this course? Unit
More informationManagerial Accounting
Managerial Accounting Third Edition Karen W si ken Braun Case Western Reserve University Wendy M. Tietz Kent State University PEARSON Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
More informationMICPA Conversion Programme. Module Outline Management Accounting
Module Outline MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AIM To ensure that students are able to: 1. Understand cost behaviours and product costing 2. Understand the cost terms and concepts, and its relevance for decision-making
More informationEXCEL PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTE. LECTURE 9 Holy & Winfred
EXCEL PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTE 1 LECTURE 9 Holy & Winfred 2 Q1. a) Investment Appraisal Lecture 10 &11 i. Types of Investment and Capital Expenditure ii. Objectives of Investment appraisal iii. Investment
More informationP1 - Performance operations May-10 Sep-10 Nov-10 Mar-11 May-11 Sep-11 Nov-11 Mar-12 May-12 Sep-12 A - Cost accounting systems (30%) Q3a 4 marks
A - Cost accounting systems (30%) 1. Discuss costing methods and their results (i) (ii) (a) compare and contrast marginal (or variable), throughput and absorption accounting methods in respect of profit
More informationAnalyzing Financial Performance Reports
Analyzing Financial Performance Reports Calculating Variances Effective systems identify variances down to the lowest level of management. Variances are hierarchical. As shown in Exhibit 10.2, they begin
More informationstate the objectives of variance analysis understand the linkage between individual variances and the difference between budgeted and actual profit
1 INTRODUCTION In this lesson we explain the objective of analysis and provide a practical example of how the difference between budgeted and actual profit can be broken down into its constituent elements
More informationManageria Accounting for Managers
Manageria Accounting for Managers Third Edition Eric W. Noreen, Ph.D., CMA Professor Emeritus University of Washington Peter C. Brewer, Ph.D., CPA Miami University Oxford, Ohio Ray H. Garrison, D.B.A.,
More informationMultiple Choice Questions
Multiple Choice Questions 1. The difference between the actual price and the standard price, multiplied by the actual quantity of materials purchased is the a) direct labor price variance b) direct labor
More informationCHAPTER 4 JOB COSTING
CHAPTER 4 JOB ING 4-1 Cost pool a grouping of individual cost items. Cost tracing the assigning of direct costs to the chosen cost object. Cost allocation the assigning of indirect costs to the chosen
More informationStandard Cost System Practice Problems
When setting up a standard cost system, the concepts of standards in material, labor, and overhead must be explored in a simple manner to start the process. Practice Standard Cost Variances: Simple Example
More informationACC406 Tip Sheet. 1) Planning: It is the process of creating a set of plans that a company intends to achieve a particular goal.
ACC406 Tip Sheet Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting: It is simply the process of reporting accounting information for a company s internal users such as managers, sales staff and etc. for decision making.
More informationjune 07 tpp 07-3 Service Costing in General Government Sector Agencies OFFICE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Policy & Guidelines Paper
june 07 Service Costing in General Government Sector Agencies OFFICE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Policy & Guidelines Paper Contents: Page Preface Executive Summary 1 2 1 Service Costing in the General Government
More informationEngineering Economics and Financial Accounting
Engineering Economics and Financial Accounting Unit 4: Costing Major Topics are: Job Costing Operating Costing Process Costing Standard Costing (Variance Analysis) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Job Costing
More informationStandard Costing and Variance Analysis
Standard Costing and Variance Analysis Standard Costing Standard cost is predetermined cost agreed earlier under specific working conditions. Standard costing is a technique which establishes predetermined
More informationActivity-Based Costing
Activity-Based Costing Second Edition ISBN 0-7612-1249-3 Activity-Based Costing Second Edition Steven D. Grossman Copyright 2000 American Management Association. All rights reserved. This material may
More informationChapter 2 Job-Order Costing: Calculating Unit Product Costs
Managerial Accounting 16th Edition Garrison Solutions Manual Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/managerial-accounting-16th-edition-garrison-solutions-manual/ Chapter 2 Job-Order Costing: Calculating
More informationRevision of management accounting
1 Revision of management accounting The following topics are covered in this chapter: Standard costing Flexible budgeting Absorption and marginal costing 1.1 STANDARD COSTING LEARNING SUMMARY After studying
More informationACC 121 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING COURSE DESCRIPTION: Prerequisites: ACC 120 Corequisites: None This course includes a greater emphasis on managerial and cost accounting skills. Emphasis is on managerial
More informationChapter 16 Fundamentals of Variance Analysis
Chapter 16 Fundamentals of Variance Analysis True / False Questions 1. In essence, the terms "master budget" and "operating budget" mean the same thing and can be used interchangeably. True False 2. Variances
More informationCost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis, 16e, Global Edition (Horngren) Chapter 4 Job Costing
Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis, 16e, Global Edition (Horngren) Chapter 4 Job Costing 4.1 Objective 4.1 1) A cost is considered direct if it can be traced to a particular cost object in a cost effective
More informationDisclaimer: This resource package is for studying purposes only EDUCATIO N
Disclaimer: This resource package is for studying purposes only EDUCATIO N Chapter 9: Budgeting The Basic Framework of Budgeting Master budget - a summary of a company s plans in which specific targets
More informationLecture 16 Flexible Budgets and Variance Analysis
Economics, Management and Entrepreneurship Prof. Pratap K. J. Mohapatra Department of Industrial Engineering & Management Indian Institute of Technology - Kharagpur Lecture 16 Flexible Budgets and Variance
More informationCHAPTER 4 JOB COSTING
CHAPTER 4 JOB COSTING 4-1 Define cost pool, cost tracing, cost allocation, and cost-allocation base. Cost pool a grouping of individual indirect cost items. Cost tracing the assigning of direct costs to
More informationActivity-cost driver. 90,000 orders 15,000 maintenance hours 45,000 setups 21,000 inspections
~Pff~53U: ~~f4 : :iljg;tbwj : 0223 ep.:;;: : 3 Answer questions (1) to (4) using the information below: Mayan Potters manufactures two sizes of ceramic paperweights, regular and jumbo. TI1e following information
More informationPart 1 Study Unit 10. Cost And Variance Measures. By Ronald Schmidt, CMA, CFM
Part 1 Study Unit 10 Cost And Variance Measures By Ronald Schmidt, CMA, CFM Variance Analysis and overview A budget communicates to employees the organization s operational and strategic objectives Considerations:
More informationCHAPTER 9 INVENTORY COSTING AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 9 INVENTORY COSTING AND CAPACITY ANALYSIS 9-1 No. Differences in operating income between variable costing and absorption costing are due to accounting for fixed manufacturing costs. Under variable
More information24 Control through standard costs
24 Control through standard costs 24.1 Learning objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Discuss the nature of standard costs, including how standards are set. Define budgets and
More informationBrief Contents. Preface xv Acknowledgements xix
Brief Contents Preface xv Acknowledgements xix PART ONE Foundations of Management Accounting 1 Chapter 1 Why Management Accounting Matters 3 Chapter 2 Cost Concepts and Classifications 27 Chapter 3 Cost
More informationBUDGETING. After studying this unit you will be able to know: different approaches for the preparation of budgets; 10.
UNIT 10 Structure APPROACHES TO BUDGETING 10.0 Objectives 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Fixed Budgeting 10.3 Flexible Budgeting 10.4 Difference between Fixed and Flexible Budgeting 10.5 Appropriation Budgeting
More informationBUSINESS FINANCIAL & ACCOUNTING SKILLS
BUSINESS FINANCIAL & ACCOUNTING SKILLS SECTOR / ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE NON-TECHNICAL & CERTIFIED TRAINING COURSE This training seminar addresses key issues, such as cost analysis, continuous improvement
More informationLINEAR PROGRAMMING C H A P T E R 7
LINEAR PROGRAMMING C H A P T E R 7 INTRODUCTION In decision making, when there is only one limiting factor (scarce resource), we can rank the products according the contribution per unit of scarce resource.
More informationUNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO INTERNAL AUDIT DEPARTMENT DEVELOP BUDGETS
The following control objectives provide a basis for strengthening your control environment for the process of developing budgets. When you select an objective, you will access a list of the associated
More informationMGMT-027 Q4 17. The purpose of a flexible budget is to: C. update the static planning budget to reflect the actual level of activity of the period.
MGMT-027 Q4 17. The purpose of a flexible budget is to: C. update the static planning budget to reflect the actual level of activity of the period. 21. Salyers Family Inn is a bed and breakfast establishment
More informationLU4: Accounting for Overhead
LU4: Accounting for Overhead Contents Introduction Applied manufacturing overheads Allocation of manufacturing overheads Learning objectives Define overhead costs Distinguish between manufacturing and
More informationThe Effect of a Cut in the Tax Rate
The Effect of a Cut in the Tax Rate We have analyzed the effects in the sticky-price model of many different shifts in the economic environment and in economic policy on the equilibrium level of real GDP
More informationAFM481 - Advanced Cost Accounting Professor Grant Russell Final Exam Material. Chapter 10: Static and Flexible Budgets
AFM481 - Advanced Cost Accounting Professor Grant Russell Final Exam Material Chapter 10: Static and Flexible Budgets Budget: formalized financial plan for operations of an organization for a specified
More informationFinancial Controls in Project Management Activities
Financial Controls in Management Activities Objective Complete hands-on exercises to apply cost control techniques Budgeting Budgeting Process Overview Budgeting Budgeting - aggregating the estimated costs
More informationCost & management accounting an introduction. Synopsis:
Cost & management accounting an introduction Synopsis: Accounting has always concerned itself with information production, processing and reporting while cost and management accounting has sought to provide
More informationCHAPTER 7 FLEXIBLE BUDGETS, DIRECT-COST VARIANCES, AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL
CHAPTER 7 FLEXIBLE BUDGETS, DIRECT-COST VARIANCES, AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL 7-1 Management by exception is the practice of concentrating on areas not operating as expected and giving less attention to areas
More informationSTANDARD COSTING. Samir K Mahajan
STANDARD COSTING Samir K Mahajan Standard Costing Historical costs: Historical costing or actual costing is a system where costs are ascertained after they are incurred. It is a post-mortem of the costs.
More informationMultiple Choice Questions
Multiple Choice Questions 1. What is the primary difference between a static budget and a flexible budget? a) The static budget contains only fixed costs, while the flexible budget contains only variable
More informationChapter 9 Activity-Based Costing
Chapter 9 Activity-Based Costing SUMMARY This chapter deals with the allocation of indirect costs to products. Product cost information helps managers make numerous decisions, such as pricing, keeping
More informationFlexible Budgets and Standard Costing QUESTIONS
Chapter 21 Flexible Budgets and Standard Costing QUESTIONS 1. Fixed budget performance reports have limited usefulness because they do not reflect differences in revenues and variable costs that can occur
More informationCourse # Cost Management : Accounting and Control
Course # 171023 Cost Management : Accounting and Control based on the electronic.pdf file(s): Cost Management : Accounting and Control by: Dr. Jae K. Shim, Ph.D., 2009, 306 pages 20 CPE Credit Hours Accounting
More informationExaminations for / Semester I. /2010 Semester II
Programme BSc (Hons) Banking and International Finance BSc (Hons) Management - BATCH 2 M & L BSc (Hons) Management - BATCH 2 L & M BSc (Hons) Management -BATCH 1 G & F Cohort BBIF/09/FT BMAN/09/FT-Batch
More informationSTANDARD COSTING. Samir K Mahajan
STANDARD COSTING Samir K Mahajan Standard Costing Historical costs: Historical costing or actual costing is a system where costs are ascertained after they are incurred. It is a post-mortem of the costs.
More informationPrinciples of Accounting, Tenth Edition
Principles of Accounting, Tenth Edition Answers to Stop, Review, and Apply Questions Chapter 14 The Corporate Income Statement and the Statement of Stockholders Equity 1-1. Quality of earnings refers to
More information;,CENGAGE Learning* Australia Brazil»Japan Korea «Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United States
COLIN MANAGEMENT AND COST ACCOUNTING NINTH EDITION ;,CENGAGE Learning* Australia Brazil»Japan Korea «Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United States CONTENTS Preface x About the author xvi Acknowledgements
More informationLet s trace the budgets through for a company called the Hayes Company. Sales Budget The first budget prepared, comes from the Sales Forecast
Let s trace the budgets through for a company called the Hayes Company. Sales Budget The first budget prepared, comes from the Sales Forecast Expected sales volume: 3,000 units in the first quarter with
More informationUNIT 11: STANDARD COSTING
UNIT 11: STANDARD COSTING Introduction One of the prime functions of management accounting is to facilitate managerial control and the important aspect of managerial control is cost control. The efficiency
More informationWrite your answers in blue or black ink/ballpoint. Pencil may be used only for graphs, charts, diagrams, etc.
Series 4 Examination 2008 COST ACCOUNTING Level 3 Tuesday 11 November Subject Code: 3016 Time allowed: 3 hours INSTRUCTIONS FOR CANDIDATES Answer 5 questions. All questions carry equal marks. Write your
More informationMGMT Managerial Accounting and Finance ( version L )
MGMT 1135 - Managerial Accounting and Finance ( version 213L ) Course Title Course Development Support Managerial Accounting and Finance Course Description Standard No The focus of this course is to acquire
More informationWrite your answers in blue or black ink/ballpoint. Pencil may be used only for graphs, charts, diagrams, etc.
Series 2 Examination 2011 COST ACCOUNTING Level 3 Thursday 7 April Subject Code: 3017 Time allowed: 3 hours INSTRUCTIONS FOR CANDIDATES Answer all 5 questions. All questions carry equal marks. Write your
More information12 Months Master Pay Scale Salary Table
B-1 Master Pay Scale Salary Table 2017-2018 An employee who does not earn a credited year of service and/or who remains on the same pay step for any other reason (such as being at the maximum pay step)
More informationA STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BUDGET AND BUDGETARY CONTROL WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LARSEN AND TOUBRO LIMITED, CHENNAI
A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BUDGET AND BUDGETARY CONTROL WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LARSEN AND TOUBRO LIMITED, CHENNAI Dr.A.KADHAR LAL Assistant Professor, P.G & Research Department of Commerce, The
More informationTHE PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF MALAWI 2014 EXAMINATIONS ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN PROGRAMME PAPER TC9: COSTING AND BUDGETARY CONTROL
EXAMINATION NO. THE PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF MALAWI 2014 EXAMINATIONS ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN PROGRAMME PAPER TC9: COSTING AND BUDGETARY CONTROL MONDAY 2 JUNE 2014 TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS
More information