AAPA Shifting Trade Patterns The Changing Asia Market

AAPA Shifting Trade Patterns The Changing Asia Market

Today s objective Provide a 30,000 perspective on the Asian economy and its short-term outlook Focus on three topics 1. Economic growth 2. Trade growth 3. Short-term Hopefully provide a useful context for Greg s remarks

Short-term outlook: it changes by the minute! Debt Haunts Emerging Markets, WSJ 1/20/16 Mounting debt burdens, particularly in Asia and Latin America threaten to become a drag on global growth Emerging markets are caught between fading growth and tighter lending conditions China is the epicenter of fear jolting emerging markets Beijing s ability to manage its economy is the single biggest unknown Indonesia s PT Trikomsel Oke Tbk (telecom) has defaulted on $460M in debt

North America & China account for 53% of global GDP 21% 26% 27% 24% Asia EU Russia North America All Other Page 4

All other countries and China accounted for 83% of the 2014 global population 31% 52% 7% 8% Asia EU Russia North America All Other Source: IMF Page 5

The Chinese economy dominated Asian economic growth between 2009 and 2014 Compound Annual Growth Rate 9.0% 8.0% 7.0% 6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% China NFE SEA 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 2009-2014 GDP Growth (Billions 2014 $U.S.) Source: IMF Page 6

Japan s economy dominates Northern Asia and accounted for the largest portion of economic growth between 2009 and 2015 Compound Annual Growth Rate 4.5% 4.0% 3.5% 3.0% 2.5% Japan 2.0% Korea 1.5% Taiwan 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 2009-2014 GDP Growth (Billions 2014 $U.S.) Source: IMF Page 7

Indonesia is Southeast Asia s largest economy and drove regional economic growth between 2009 and 2014 8.0% Compound Annual Growth Rate 7.0% 6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Cambodia Lao P.D.R. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 2009-2014 GDP Growth (Billions 2014 $U.S.) Source: IMF Page 8

China accounted for an estimated 64% percent of total Asia-US loaded container trade in 2014 & two thirds of 2009-2014 growth Compound Annual Growth Rate 5% 4% 4% 2.9M 13.2M 3% 3% 4.0M China 2% NFE 2% SEA 1% 1% 0% 0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 3,500,000 2009-2014 Trade Growth (TEUs) Source: PIERS Page 9

Northern Asia-US loaded container trade is roughly divided among Japan, Korea and Taiwan Compound Annual Growth Rate 5% 4% 1.4M 4% 3% 1.2M 3% 1.4M Japan 2% Korea 2% Taiwan 1% 1% 0% 190,000 195,000 200,000 205,000 210,000 215,000 220,000 225,000 230,000 235,000 2009-2014 Trade Growth (TEUs) Source: PIERS Page 10

Vietnam is Southeast Asia s largest and fastest growing source of US-Southeast Asia loaded container trade Compound Annual Growth Rate 15% 10% Indonesia 5% Malaysia 0.9M Philippines 0% 0.6M Singapore 1.5M Thailand -5% Vietnam -10% Cambodia Lao P.D.R. -15% -50,000 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 2009-2014 Trade Growth (TEUs) Source: PIERS Page 11

China Outlook GDP Outlook: Economic 2014: 7.3%, 2015: 6.8%, 2016: 6.3% 2014: 2%, 2015: 1.5%, 2016: 1.8% Imports-2014: 4.6%, 2015: 2.5%, 2016: 3.5% Exports-2014: 5.1%, 2015: 3%, 2016: 3.5% Helped By: Low oil and commodity prices Increased consumer spending Structural reform Hurt By: Correcting real estate market High household and corporate debt Slowing investment Less foreign demand Government Policy Five Year Plan (2016-2020): Target GDP growth expected at 6.5% vs. the current plan s 7% With high debt, the government would struggle to stimulate the economy if it is below target. Likely will include Expansion of welfare Further relaxation or abolishment of one-child policy Environmental protection and pollution controls Investment in high-tech industries One Belt, One Road Policy: The Belt : new overland link to Europe Could reach Moscow, Rotterdam, and Venice Set up in corridors: China-Mongolia-Russia, China-Central and West Asia, China-Indochina Peninsula, China-Pakistan, Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar The Road represents the maritime component Link from South and Southeast Asia to East Africa and The Mediterranean Series of ports and infrastructure Could include up to 65 countries representing 40% of world GDP and significant funding $40 billion in New Silk Road Fund, expected significant lending from the Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank s $100 billion, and China Development Bank is reported to plan to invest $900 billion in 900 projects including 60 countries. Source: IMF WEO Database Oct 2015; IMF WEO Report Apr 2015 ; IMF WEO Report October 2015 ; UN ESCAP Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2015: Year End Update ; Command Performance. The Economist, OCT 24, 2015; Hoffman, Bert. China s One Belt One Road Initiative: What we know thus far. JOC, Dec 04, 2015; Capstan Analysis Page 12

Northern Asia Economic Outlook Japan Korea Taiwan 2014: -0.1%, 2015: 0.6%, 2016: 1% 2014: 2.7%, 2015: 0.7%, 2016: 0.4% Imports-2014: 5%, 2015: 0.5%, 2016: 2.5% Exports-2014: 5%, 2015: 1.3%, 2016: 2.5% Helped By: Higher real compensation Higher equity prices Low oil and commodity prices Hurt By: Slowing exports due to China slowdown (China is second largest export market) 2014: 3.3%, 2015: 2.7%, 2016: 3.2% 2014: 1.3%, 2015: 0.7%, 2016: 1.8% Imports-2014: 4.7%, 2015: 2.5%, 2016: 4.2% Exports-2014: 4.4%, 2015: 1.5%, 2016: 3.6% Helped By: Low prices for commodity imports Hurt By: Contracting consumption and investment Slowing exports due to China slowdown (China is largest export market) Export losses outweigh benefits of low prices for commodity imports 2014: 3.8%, 2015: 2.2%, 2016: 2.6% 2014: 1.2%, 2015: -0.1%, 2016: 1% Imports-2014: 4.7%, 2015: 2.5%, 2016: 3.7% Exports-2014: 4.6%, 2015: 3.9%, 2016: 4.5% Hurt By: Slowing exports due to China slowdown (China is largest export market) Source: IMF WEO Database October 2015; IMF WEO Report April 2015 ; IMF WEO Report October 2015 ; UN ESCAP Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2015: Year End Update ; Capstan Analysis Page 13

South East Asia Economic Outlook Indonesia 2014: 5%, 2015: 4.7%, 2016: 5.1% 2014: 6.4%, 2015: 6.8%, 2016: 5.4% Imports-2014: -1%, 2015: -5.1%, 2016: 7.9% Exports-2014: 2%, 2015: -1.3%, 2016: 5.3% 2015 Hurt By: Weaker terms of trade (Import prices rising faster than export prices) Delays in significant government investment due to bureaucratic barriers Export losses outweigh benefits of low prices for commodity imports Hurt as exporter by low commodity prices Domestic consumption hurt by high inflation and weak currency 2016 Helped By: Lower inflation More public infrastructure outlays Higher private investment Malaysia 2014: 6%, 2015: 4.7%, 2016: 4.5% 2014: 3.1%, 2015: 2.4%, 2016: 3.8% Imports-2014: 4.3%, 2015: -0.4%, 2016: 5.2% Exports-2014: 5.8%, 2015: -2.2%, 2016: 7.5% Hurt By: Weaker terms of trade (Import prices rising faster than export prices) Slowing exports due to China slowing (China is largest export market) Export losses outweigh benefits of low prices for commodity imports Weak export prospects hurt investment Fixed investment contributions to growth trending downward (fixed investments need significant updates) Hurt as exporter by low commodity prices Downward trend in domestic consumption partially due to high household debt Philippines 2014: 6.1%, 2015: 6%, 2016: 6.3% 2014: 4.2%, 2015: 1.9%, 2016: 3.4% Imports-2014: 5.3%, 2015: 18.7%, 2016: 7.8% Exports-2014: 8.9%, 2015: 9%, 2016: 5.6% Helped by: Low prices for commodity imports Hurt by: Slowing exports due to China slowing (China is largest export market) Export losses outweigh benefits of low prices for commodity imports Source: IMF WEO Database October 2015; IMF WEO Report April 2015 ; IMF WEO Report October 2015 ; UN ESCAP Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2015: Year End Update ; Capstan Analysis Page 14

South East Asia Economic Outlook (cont.) Singapore Thailand Vietnam 2014: 2.9%, 2015: 2.2%, 2016: 2.9% 2014: 1%, 2015: 0%, 2016: 1.8% Imports-2014: 2.4%, 2015: 3%, 2016: 5.5% Exports-2014: 2.5%, 2015: 2.1%, 2016: 3.3% Hurt By: Slowing exports due to China slowing (China is largest export market) Export losses outweigh benefits of low prices for commodity imports 2014: 0.9%, 2015: 2.5%, 2016: 3.2% 2014: 1.9%, 2015: -0.9%, 2016: 1.5% Imports-2014: -6.8%, 2015: 4.8%, 2016: 4.2% Exports-2014: 0.7%, 2015: 2.2%, 2016: 3.8% Helped By: More certainty in near-term governmental policies Hurt By: Slowing exports due to China slowing (China is largest export market) Weak export prospects hurt investment Downward trend in domestic consumption partially due to high household debt 2014: 6%, 2015: 6.5%, 2016: 6.4% 2014: 4%, 2015: 2.2%, 2016: 3.1% Imports-2014: 14.8%, 2015: 22.2%, 2016: 11.6% Exports-2014: 16.2%, 2015: 16.2%, 2016: 10.6% Helped By: Low food and oil prices lead to low inflation and therefore more enticing monetary policy and increased investment and consumption Low cost labor intensive manufacturing relocating from China Hurt By: Potentially hurt due to China slowing (China is second largest export market) Source: IMF WEO Database October 2015; IMF WEO Report April 2015 ; IMF WEO Report October 2015 ; UN ESCAP Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2015: Year End Update ; Capstan Analysis Page 15

Panama vs Suez Routing for Asia-US & Gulf Coasts 2009 Panama Route 16 Services 4,000-5,000 TEU Vessels Suez Route 3 Services 4,648-5,900 TEU Vessels 2015 Panama Route 12 Services 4,552 Average Vessel Size Suez Route 7 Services 7,593 Average Vessel Size What will 2017-2018 look like?

For further information please contact: Jim Brennan Partner jbrennan@capstanconsultingllc.com 703-319-3999