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EURÓPY PARLAMENT 2014-2019 Výbor pre kontrolu rozpočtu 12.11.2014 PRACOVNÝ DOKUMENT o osobitnej správe Dvora audítorov č. 15/2014 (absolutórium za rok 2013) s názvom Fond pre vonkajšie hranice podporuje finančnú solidaritu, ale vyžaduje si lepšie meranie výsledkov a musí poskytovať väčšiu pridanú hodnotu na úrovni EÚ Výbor pre kontrolu rozpočtu Spravodajca: Dennis de Jong DT\1035302.doc PE539.490v01-00 Zjednotení v rozmanitosti

Introduction The Schengen area consists of countries that have abolished passport and immigration controls at their common borders. As a consequence of the abolition of internal border controls, external border security of any state affects all of the others. Due to the countries differing geographical situations, the responsibilities for border controls vary considerably. The External Borders Fund (EBF), established in 2007 1, is the main EU financial instrument in support of external border management, amounting to 1.9 billion euro for the 2007-2013 period. It includes 28 European countries (Iceland, Norway, Switzerland plus all EU Member States, with the exception of Ireland, the United Kingdom and Croatia). In 2014, the EBF was replaced by the instrument for financial support for external borders and visas, as part of the Internal Security Fund (ISF) 2. The Court s audit focused on five participating States accounting for more than 55% of the allocations from the EBF: Spain, Italy, Greece, Poland and Malta. ECA Conclusions The EBF has contributed to external border management and fostered financial solidarity. However its further EU added value was limited, overall results could not be measured due to weaknesses in the responsible authorities monitoring and there were serious deficiencies in the ex post evaluations by the Commission and the Member States. Crucially, the Court found serious weaknesses in the management of the fund in key Member States, i.e. in Greece, Spain, and Italy and, for the early funding years, Malta. These weaknesses carry the risk that border management is not adequately strengthened where it is most needed. The EBF helped to spread the Member States financial burden arising from the integrated management of external borders but further EU added value of the fund was limited: (a) in consular cooperation; (b) in support of Frontex operations; (c) on emergency actions and specific actions and (d) by funding actions which were or would have been financed nationally. Four out of the five Member States, of which the ECA audited their EBF-funded activities, did not programme the EBF as part of their comprehensive national strategy on border and visa management. In all Member States in the Court s sample a common integrated risk analysis is only under development or is not used at all. In the three principal recipient Member States (Greece, Spain and Italy) the Court found recurrent deficiencies in EBF planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, impacting on the effectiveness of the EBF. 1 2 Decision No. 574/2007/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 May 2007 establishing the External Borders Fund for the period 2007 to 2013 as part of the general programme Solidarity and management of migration flows (OJ L 144, 6.6.2007, p. 22). Regulation (EU) No 515/2014 of the European Parliament of the Council, of 16 April 2014 (OJ L150, 20.5.2014, p. 143) PE539.490v01-00 2/5 DT\1035302.doc

In Italy, Spain, Greece and Malta the Court found inadequate procurement procedures which put the sound financial management of the fund at risk. ECA Recommendations In light of the findings of its audit, the ECA recommended that: 1. The Commission should ensure that all indicators to be used for the 2014-2020 funding period, are relevant, measurable and, where possible, paired with a target value, that indicators are collected from the start and, where not already in place, that IT systems are developed. The Commission should provide clear guidelines to Member States in this respect, and deliver its evaluation report on time and present stakeholders with an analysis of underlying data; 2. Member States should have appropriate expertise available in the administration for the design and application of SMART objectives and measureable indicators; should set targets for output, outcome and, where possible, impact indicators; collect actual values of indicators from the start of the programme using appropriate IT systems and ensure that information is reliable; should apply their experience with similar IT systems gained in the Structural Funds field; 3. Member States and the Commission should concentrate more on establishing common application centres and other forms of consular cooperation rather than the renovation, adaptation or equipping of consulates; 4. To support the work of Frontex, the legislator should consider making the entering of relevant ISF co-financed assets into Frontex s technical equipment pool obligatory. The Commission should provide Frontex with relevant, comprehensive and timely information regarding EBF/ISF implementation in the Member States. Information should take into account the option of operating support introduced with the new 2014-2020 framework and a robust system to avoid double funding needs to be put in place; 5. The national EBF programmes should be based on a comprehensive strategy for border management, with Member States basing their strategy on a risk analysis using the Common Integrated Risk Analysis Model (CIRAM); 6. The legislator should consider making compliance with Schengen catalogue recommendations on strategy and risk analysis an ex ante condition for receiving future ISF support; 7. Administrative capacity in Member States needs to be strengthened, for example through focused training by the Commission or through sharing best practices between Member States; 8. Member States should strengthen administrative capacity in public procurement and carry out the procurement of EBF/ISF assets through the most transparent procedures available. DT\1035302.doc 3/5 PE539.490v01-00

Odporúčania spravodajcu, ktoré by sa mohli zahrnúť do správy o absolutóriu Komisie za rok 2013 Európsky parlament, 1. so znepokojením konštatuje, že strategické ciele EBF nie sú jasné, a najmä že existuje napätie medzi všeobecnou povahou EBF ako mechanizmom solidarity a jeho zameraním na konkrétne ciele na lepšiu spoluprácu v oblasti kontroly hraníc a víz; 2. konštatuje, že úspešné spustenie programov SIS II, VIS a Eursur vo všetkých členských štátoch predstavuje pre Komisiu prínos EBF; domnieva sa však, že takéto všeobecné tvrdenie sa nikdy nemôže použiť ako uspokojivá odpoveď na konkrétnu kritiku EDA namierenú na chýbajúce ukazovatele výkonnosti; 3. konštatuje, že podobné problémy môžu vzniknúť v súvislosti s cieľmi nástroja pre finančnú podporu v oblasti vonkajších hraníc a víz ako súčasť ISF, keďže tento nástroj tiež slúži na solidaritu medzi členskými štátmi, pokiaľ ide o riadenie kontroly hraníc, aj na vykonávanie jednotných kontrol na vysokej úrovni na vonkajších hraniciach a účinné spracovanie schengenských víz v súlade so záväzkami Únie, pokiaľ ide o základné slobody a ľudské práva; 4. zdôrazňuje, že napriek tomu, že členské štáty uznávajú význam účinných hraničných kontrol na spoločných vonkajších hraniciach ako súčasť schengenského acquis, stále považujú riadenie kontroly hraníc a v menšom rozsahu spracovanie víz v prvom rade za vnútroštátnu právomoc; 5. je znepokojený tým, že ak sa Komisia a členské štáty nedohodnú na hlavnom charaktere tejto časti ISF, či už ide o mechanizmus solidarity alebo nástroj na presadzovanie vykonávania schengenského acquis, členské štáty môžu stále skôr uprednostňovať použitie financovania na projekty, ktoré považujú za dôležité z vnútroštátneho hľadiska, namiesto snahy prispieť ku konzulárnej spolupráci, operáciám agentúry Frontex alebo k núdzovým operáciám a osobitným akciám, ktoré majú význam pre schengenský priestor ako celok; 6. žiada Komisiu, aby preskúmala, či môže byť užitočné rozdeliť časť hraničných kontrol a víz ISF na niekoľko vyčlenených segmentov: jeden na solidaritu, jeden na vykonávanie konzulárnej spolupráce, operácie agentúry Frontex a na osobitné akcie a jeden na akcie, ktoré sú osobitne dôležité z vnútroštátneho hľadiska; 7. očakáva, že ak sa vyčlenenia časti dostupných finančných prostriedkov, bude pre členské štáty jednoduchšie vypracovať a používať relevantné a merateľné ukazovatele pre výstup, výsledky a dosah príslušných opatrení; v tejto súvislosti poznamenáva, že akcie v oblasti solidarity, ako aj akcie s mimoriadnym významom z vnútroštátneho hľadiska by sa mali financovať len v prípade, že sa dá vopred preukázať, že slúžia na konkrétne a merateľné ciele; PE539.490v01-00 4/5 DT\1035302.doc

8. súhlasí s EDA, že práca agentúry Frontex by mala mať väčšiu priamu podporu z ISF, a to tak, že aspoň časť aktív spolufinancovaných z ISF by povinne vstúpila do spoločných technických prostriedkov agentúry Frontex; 9. je znepokojený nezrovnalosťami zistenými EDA vo viacerých politikách verejného obstarávania členských štátov a konštatuje, že klauzula o výnimke pri verejnom obstarávaní v oblasti obrany a bezpečnosti sa nemôže uplatňovať v prípadoch, v ktorých sa mohli použiť menej obmedzujúce postupy bez ohrozenia bezpečnosti; 10. oceňuje, že Komisia prijala nápravné finančné opatrenia v prípade projektu, ktorý porušoval základné slobody a ľudské práva, ale vyzýva ju, aby v čo najvyššej miere vopred identifikovala akékoľvek možné riziká v tejto súvislosti, najmä pokiaľ ide o spôsob, akým sa vykonávajú hraničné kontroly v súvislosti s právom žiadať o azyl. DT\1035302.doc 5/5 PE539.490v01-00