Anthony B. Atkinson. Joseph E. Stiglitz

Transcription

1 Lectures on Public Economics Anthony B. Atkinson Joseph E. Stiglitz PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS Princeton and Oxford

2 Contents Introduction Preface Introductory Note to the 1980 Edition xi xxvii xxix PART ONE THE ANALYSIS OF POLICY Lecture 1 Introduction: Public Economics Introduction Role of the Government Guide to the Lectures 8 Note: The Public Sector Statistical Background 12 Lecture 2 Household Decisions, Income Taxation, and Labour Supply Introduction Income Taxation and Labour Supply Broader Models of Labour Supply Empirical Evidence on Labour Supply Concluding Comments 47 Note on the Expenditure Function Lecture 3 Taxation, Savings, and Decisions over Time 3-1 Intertemporal Decisions and Taxation 3-2 The Basic Intertemporal Model 3-3 Developments of the Model and Alternative Views 3-4 Empirical Evidence Taxation and the Interest Elasticity of Savings 3-5 Concluding Comments Lecture 4 Taxation and Risk-Taking 4-1 Risk-Taking and Portfolio Allocation 4-2 Effects of Taxation 4-3 Special Provisions of the Tax System 4-4 Generalization of Results 4-5 Concluding Comments Note on Risk Aversion Lecture 5 Taxation and the Firm 5-1 Taxes and the Firm 5-2 Corporation Tax and the Cost of Capital 5-3 Taxation and Investment

3 viii CONTENTS 5_4 A Wider View of Investment 1 li 5-5 Empirical Investigation of Taxation and Investment Concluding Comments Lecture 6 Tax Incidence: Simple Competitive Equilibrium Model Introduction: Tax Incidence I Static Two-Sector Model Incidence of Corporation Tax General Tax Incidence Incidence in a Two-Class Economy Numerical Applications of the Model Concluding Comments 163 Note on the Cost Function Lecture 7 Tax Incidence: Departures from the Standard Model Introduction Market Imperfections Monopolistic Competition Structure of Production Non-Market-Clearing Concluding Comments Lecture 8 Taxation and Debt in a Growing Economy Introduction An Aggregate Model of Equilibrium Growth Growth and Taxation Taxation in a Life-Cycle Model Bürden of the National Debt Concluding Comments Lecture 9 Distributional Effect of Taxation and Public Expenditure Taxation, Spending, and Redistribution Modelling the Distribution of Income Distributional Incidence Empirical Studies of the Redistributive Impact of the Government Budget Concluding Comments Lecture 10 Theories of the State and Public Economic; Introduction Voting and Decisions Administration and Bureaucracies Power, Interest Croups, and Marxist Theories Empirical Studies of Public Expenditure

4 PART TWO THE DESIGN OF POLICY CONTENTS ix Lecture 11 Introduction to Part Two: Normative Analysis Introduction Normative Theories of the State Pareto Efficiency and Weifare Economics Standard Public Finance Objectives Range of Government Instruments 296 Note on the Measurement of Income Inequality Lecture 12 The Structure of indirect Taxation Introduction The Ramsey Tax Problem Application of the Ramsey Results Partial Weifare Improvements and Tax Reform Optimal Taxation in a Many-Person Economy Concluding Comments Lecture 13 The Structure of Income Taxation Introduction A Simple Model Linear Income Tax General Income Tax Concluding Comments Lecture 14 A More General Treatment of the Optimal Tax Problem Introduction Indirect Taxes and Linear Direct Taxation Nonlinear Tax Schedules and Tax Exemptions Taxation of Savings Externalities in Corisumption and Corrective Taxes Concluding Comments Lecture 15 Public Sector Pricing and Production Introduction Departures from Marginal Cost Pricing Choice of Technique and Production Efficiency Cost-Benefit Analysis and Social Rate of Discount Concluding Comments Lecture 16 Public Goods and Publicly Provided Private Goods Introduction Optimum Provision of Pure Public Goods Efficiency Optimum Provision of Pure Public Goods Distribution Publicly Provided Private Goods Equilibrium Levels of Public Expenditure Revelation of Preferences

5 X CONTENTS Lecture 17 Local Public Goods Introduction Optimum Provision of Local Public Goods Market Equilibria and Optimality: Identical Individuais Market Equilibria and Optimality: Heterogeneous Individuais Fiscal Federalism Lecture 18 Public Economics: Theory and Policy On the Sources of Disagreement in Policy Analysis Thinking about Policy: Taxation Thinking about Policy: Expenditures Policy Reform and Political Economy 479 Bibliography 481 Autbor Index 509 Subject Index 513