UGANDA BUREAU OF STATISTICS

Transcription

1 UGANDA BUREAU OF STATISTICS THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA Uganda Bureau of Statistics Statistics House Plot 9, Colville Street P.O. Box 7186, Kampala Tel: Fax: Website: June 2011

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3 UGANDA BUREAU OF STATISTICS 2011 STATISTICAL ABSTRACT

4 FOREWORD The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) is mandated to provide relevant, reliable and timely official statistics needed to support evidence-based policy formulation and to monitor socio-economic development outcomes. The Statistical Abstract, published annually, is the prime channel through which the Bureau presents combined information derived from the latest surveys, censuses and administrative records from Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) and from many other sources. The information is compiled using international best practices in statistical production. Information contained in the 2011 abstract covers statistics on socio-economic sectors, including, but not limited to, Environment, Population, Education, Health, Agriculture, Labour, Expenditure and Poverty, Energy, Business, National Accounts, Banking and Currency, Prices, Trade, Migration and Tourism, Transport and Communication and Government Finance. This abstract has for the second time included sections on Food Security and the Producer Price Index for Hotels and Restaurants (PPI-H&R). Presentations in this publication are in the form of tables, graphs and charts accompanied with explanatory text. UBOS appreciates the continued cooperation of MDAs in availing the requisite data in time to produce this publication. Special thanks go to UBOS technical staff who compiled the 2011 Abstract. Copies of the publication are available at Statistics House, Plot 9, Colville Street, Kampala. Further information can be obtained from the official UBOS website: We sincerely hope that our stakeholders will find the information in the 2011 Statistical Abstract useful. UBOS continues to appreciate comments from stakeholders that are aimed at improving the quality of our future publications. J. B. Male-Mukasa June 2011 Executive Director

5 LIST OF ACRONYMS ASL BATU Bill.Shs BOP BMUs CAA CBR CDO CDR CG CFR COMESA CIS CPI CSI CY DAP DDA DMBs DRC EAC EC EPS EU FISIM FY GDP GIR GO GFS GWh H/C HEP HFO HFI HH HSSP IoP Above Sea Level British American Tobacco, Uganda Billion Shillings Balance of Payments Beach Management Units Civil Aviation Authority Crude Birth Rate Cotton Development Organisation Crude Death Rate Central Government Central Forest Reserve Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa Community Information System Consumer Price Index Construction Sector Index Calendar Year Deposit Administrative Plan Decentralised District Administration Deposit Money Banks Democratic Republic of Congo East African Community European Commission Express Penalty Scheme European Union Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured Fiscal Year Gross Domestic Product Gross Intake Rate Gross Output Government Finance Statistics Giga Watt hours Health Centre Hydro-Electric Power Heavy Fuel Oil Health Facility Inventory Household Health Sector Strategic Plan Index of Production i

6 IC ICBT IHS IPT ISCO ISIC KCCA KWh LFR LPG MAAIF Mbps MFPED MGLSD MoES MOH Mill.Shs Mm MRH Mt MTN MW n.a nes NFA NSDS NWSC NUSAF NTEs OPD OPI OPV PPI PHP PLE PPI-M PPI-H&R PNFP PS RVR Intermediate Consumption Informal Cross Border Trade Integrated Household Survey Intermittent Presumptive Treatment International Standard Classification of Occupation International Standard Industrial Classification Kampala Capital City Authority Kilo Watt hours Local Forest Reserve Liquefied Petroleum Gas Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries Mega bits per second Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development Ministry of Education and Sports Ministry of Health Million shillings Millimetres Mean Relative Humidity Metric tonnes Mobile Telephone Network Mega Watts Not Available Not elsewhere stated National Forestry Authority National Service Delivery Survey National Water and Sewerage Corporation Northern Uganda Social Action Fund Non traditional Exports Out-Patient Department Occupational Permits Issued Oral Polio Vaccine Producer Price Index Private Health Practitioner Primary Leaving Examinations Producer Price Index-Manufacturing Producer Price Index-Hotels and Restaurants Private Not For Profit Plans Submitted Rift Valley Railways Consortium ii

7 RH Relative Humidity SADC Southern African Development Community SACU Southern African Customs Union Shs Shillings SITC Standard Industrial and Trade Classification Sq.Kms Square Kilometres TEs Traditional Exports TFR Total Fertility Rate TT Tetanus UA Urban Authorities UBI Uganda Business Inquiry UBOS Uganda Bureau of Statistics UCDA Uganda Coffee Development Authority UDHS Uganda Demographic and Health Survey UEDCL Uganda Electricity Distribution Company Limited UETCL Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited UHSBS Uganda HIV/AIDS Sero-Behavioural Survey ULFS Urban Labour Force Survey UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEPI Uganda National Expanded Programme on Immunisation UNHS Uganda National Household Survey UNMHCP Uganda National Minimum Health Care Package UPE Universal Primary Education URA Uganda Revenue Authority USE Universal Secondary Education UTA Uganda Tea Association UTL Uganda Telecommunications Limited VA Value Added WHO World Health Organisation Common Symbol - Not Applicable/Nil iii

8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Land Uganda has a total area of 241,550.7 square kilometres (sq. kms) Open water and swamps cover 41,743.2 sq. kms. Land area is 199,807.4 sq. kms. Cultivated land cover increased from 84,010 sq. kms. In 1990 to 99,018.4 sq. km in 2005 Forests Annual deforestation rate is 1.8 percent. Production and use of round wood increased by 1,612 tonnes representing 4.3 percent in Climate Rainfall was generally higher than long term average for several areas in 2010 NWSC extended its coverage to Lugazi and Iganga Town Councils in 2010 Mean monthly humidity was generally in line with long term averages for several centers in Demographic and socio economic statistics According to the 2002 UPHC : o 2002 population was 24.2 million persons o Annual Population growth rate between 1991 and 2002 censuses was 3.2 percent o 2002 population density was 123 persons per square kilometre o 49 percent of the population was below 15 years in 2002 Total Fertility Rate (UDHS 2006) was 6.7 Births per woman Infant Mortality Rate (UDHS 2006) was 76 Per 1000 Live births The projected 2011 Mid year population stands at 33 millions persons Education Primary school enrolment was 8.3 million children in 2009 The ratios of primary pupils to teachers and pupils to classrooms were 49 and 68 respectively Secondary school enrolment increased by 9.7 percent between 2008 and 2009 Overall, the literacy rate for 2005/6 was 69 percent for persons aged 10 years and above. Labour force, employment and earnings The total labour force in Uganda increased from 10.8 million persons in 2005/06 to 13.4 million persons in 2009/10, an increase of 23 percent By industry, agriculture employed 66 percent of the working population, while by occupation, 60 percent of the working population were agriculture and fishery workers. By employment status 79 percent were self employed in 2009/10 iv

9 Household Expenditure and Poverty Uganda s average monthly consumption expenditure per household increased by 10 percent between 2005/06 and 2009/10. A 75 percent nominal increase (from Shs41,300 to 72,250) in per capita expenditure was recorded between 2005/06 and 2009/10. However, real increase in per capita consumption expenditure rose by 10 percent. The share of household expenditure on food, beverage and tobacco remained the same at 45 percent in 2009/10 as in 2005/06 Nearly 7.5 million Ugandans were classified as poor in 2009/10. The proportion of the poor population reduced from 31.1 percent in 2005/06 to 24.5 percent in 2009/10. Nationally, on average, household expenditure inequality increased from in 2005/06 to in 2009/10 Health Malaria remained the leading cause of morbidity between 2006 and 2010 (with a morbidity rate of 48.2 percent). Latrine coverage at national level improved by 1 percent from 68 percent in 2009 to 69 percent in Deliveries in health facilities at national level decreased from 34 percent in 2009 to 33 percent in Out patient department utilisation (OPD Per Capita) increased to 0.9 in 2010 compared to 2009 when it was at 0.8. Crime Most road accidents occurred between 4:00 8:00 pm in 2010 Amount paid on express penalty scheme increased 40 percent in The number of reported and investigated cases reduced by 7 percent and 4 percent respectively. Defilement was the most common serious crime, accounting for over 46.7 percent of all the serious crimes in There was an increase of 6 percent in the total number of prisoners between 2009 and In 2010, the Central region registered the highest number of deaths in prison cells (48 percent). Road traffic accidents reduced by one percent in Index of Industrial Production The all items index of industrial production went up by 3 percent in 2010 Annual quarterly indices rose by 10.9 percent in fourth quarter 2010 Energy Sales of LPG dropped by 9 percent in The total installed capacity of electric power plants that feed into the national grid increased by 9.7 percent from 492 mega watts (MW) in 2009 to MW in The number of consumers in the domestic tariff category increased by approximately 19 percent in 2010 as compared to a 6 percent increase in Building and Construction Annual Changes indicate that prices of inputs in the overall construction sector rose by 10 percent in The total net domestic consumption of cement rose by 11.3 percent in v

10 Transport The number of newly registered vehicles increased by 2 percent in The commercial air craft movement through the International Airport increased by 7.87 percent in Over flights rose by 10.1 percent Communications Fixed and cellular telephone subscribers increased by 37 percent in 2010 Total volume of traffic of call time increased by 40.5 percent in 2010 Domestic call rates/charges dropped to an average of sh.180 per minute from sh.392 per minute in International outgoing traffic of calls increased by 7.4 percent in 2010 International call rates dropped to an average of sh.250 per minute in 2010 from sh.400 per minute in 2009 Two new internet service providers entered the Uganda communications market in 2010 Fixed and Mobile Internet subscribers increased by 59.1 percent in 2010 compared to 2009 Postal services declined by 26 percent while courier services increased three fold in 2010 compared to 2009 External Trade Informal exports decreased while formal exports increased in 2010 Trade balance worsened in 2010 Petroleum and Petroleum Products took the highest import bill in 2010, followed by road vehicle imports. COMESA and the EU regional blocs remained the Major destination for Uganda s exports Asia Continent remains the leading source of Uganda s Imports followed by the African continent Consumer prices Annual Headline inflation reduced to 4.0 percent in 2010 compared to 13.0 percent recorded in 2009 Annual core inflation reduced to 4.8 percent in 2010 compared to 10.5 percent recorded in 2009 Annual Food crop inflation reduced to 1.5 percent in 2010 compared to 31.9 percent recorded in 2009 Non-food prices inflation had greater impact on overall inflation in 2010 than food prices inflation rates Arua recorded the lowest annual headline inflation rate of 5.4 percent in 2009/10 Producer Price Indices- Manufacturing The Producer Price Index- Manufacturing (Combined) registered an increase of 8.3 percent in calendar year In the Fiscal year 2009/10, the Producer Price Index Manufacturing rose by 13.5 percent as compared to 2008/09 The Annual Quarterly changes Indicate that Producer Price Index-Hotels and Restaurants rose by 13.5 percent in fourth quarter 2010 vi

11 Government Finance Statistics Central Government revenue increased by 10.5 percent in 2009/10 VAT and Excise taxes continued to be the main sources for tax revenue General Public Administration had the largest share of central government expenditure in 2009/10 The Education sector had the largest share of local government expenditure in 2009/10 About 22 percent of donor development funds financed fuel and energy affairs function in 2009/10 Banking and Currency Net foreign Assets increased by 11.8 percent between 2009 and Net Domestic Credit increased by 61.0 percent between 2009 and 2010 Money Supply (M3) increased by 25 percent while Money supply (M2) increased by 30.3 percent between 2009 and 2010 Bank rate was 8.3 percent in 2009/10 Commercial bank deposit rate increased from 2.4 percent to 2.7 percent in Foreign Currency Commercial bank loan and advances reduced by 1.0 percent in Uganda shillings depreciated by 7.2 percent between December 2009 and December recorded sales of US $ 10.3 bill in the domestic market. Insurance Insurance policies issued reduced by 40.8 percent in 2009 compared to 2008 Net life and non-life premium incomes increased in 2009 compared to 2008 Net life incurred claims increased by 28.7 percent while non-life net incurred claims increased by 2.0 percent in 2009 vii

12 Agriculture Assets Aviation fuel GLOSSARY This term is used to describe crops, livestock, and poultry and fishing activities. Assets are the property of a business. They may be classified as: Current assets; consisting of cash, stock and book debts; Fixed assets; consisting of buildings, plant and machinery; and intangible assets being the value of goodwill or patents. This is more purified kerosene fuel used in aviation gas-turbine engines. Base period BCG (Bacillus Camete Guerin) Bio-mass energy Broad money (M2) Broad money - (M2) A Broad money - (M3) Crime Diesel fuel DMBs DPT Economic activity Employment Employed Persons Employment status Enterprise Establishment The reference period, to which a series of index numbers relate, this is usually expressed as 100. This is a vaccine against Tuberculosis. This is energy that is obtained from fuel wood, charcoal and crop residues. This consists of currency in circulation, demand, time and savings deposits. The deposits are held by the private sector and exclude those held by the central government. This is equivalent to (M2) plus certificates of deposit. This is equivalent to (M2) A plus foreign currency deposits. An offence for which one may be punished by law This is fuel used for internal combustion in diesel engines and as a burner fuel in heating installations such as furnaces. Another name for this product is automotive gasoil. It stands for Deposit Money Banks. It refers to commercial banks in our institutional settings. This is a vaccine against three diseases namely: Diphtheria, Pertusis (whooping cough) and Tetanus. Covers all market production and certain types of non-market production, including production and processing of primary products for own consumption, own-account construction (owner occupied dwellings) and other production of fixed assets for own use. This includes all wage and salary earners and managers in all businesses, and directors actively working in incorporated businesses. It includes those working full-time or part-time and those who are permanent or temporary. Persons in paid employment who work for wage or salary in cash or in kind or both and have a formal job attachment. Refers to the status of an economically active person with respect to his/her position at his/her place of work and his/her mode of remuneration. This is a single legal entity or a combination of legal entities. It may also be a sole legal unit carrying out one or more activities at one or more locations. It may also be several establishments. This is an economic unit engaged in one or predominantly one kind of economic activity under single ownership or control and is situated at a single physical location. viii

13 Exports Foreign reserves Heavy Fuel Oil General Hospitals Outward flows comprising goods leaving the economic territory of a country to the rest of the world. They consist of those external assets available to and controlled by central banks for direct financing of balance of payments imbalances, for indirectly regulating the magnitude of such imbalances through intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and/or for other purposes. Included are monetary gold, Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), reserve position in the fund, foreign exchange assets (consisting of currency, deposits and securities) and other claims. This is residual fuel obtained after refinery of petroleum products. It is used in ships and industrial large-scale heating installations as a fuel in furnaces or boilers. These provide preventive, outpatient curative, maternity, inpatient health services, emergency surgery, blood transfusion, laboratory and other general services. They also provide in-service training, consultation and research in support of community-based health care programmes. Gross Domestic Product Gross Enrolment Rate Gross Intake Rate Gross Output Health Centre II Health Centre III The value of goods and services produced within the economic territory of the country. The ratio of pupils in primary school (regardless of age) to the country total population aged 6-12 years. The ratio of the pupils enrolled in primary one regardless of age to the country total population aged six years. The production value as compiled from total receipts from industrial and non industrial goods and services in an economy, adjusted for stock changes but excluding Excise Duty and Indirect Taxes. This is Gross Output at factor cost. Out-patient clinics treating common diseases and offering antenatal care.. It is supposed to be led by an enrolled nurse, working with a midwife, two nursing assistants and a health assistant. According to the Ugandan government's health policy, every parish is supposed to have a Health Centre II. Health centres with facilities which include an operation room and a section for minor surgery headed by a clinical officer. Every county should have this facility. offers the continuous basic preventive and curative care and provides support supervision of the community and the Health Centre II facilities under its jurisdiction. Health Centre IV Imports Index Number Industry Intermediate Consumption The Health Centre IV is a mini hospital that provides the kind of services found at Health Centre III, but it should have separate wards for men, women, and children and should be able to admit patients. It should have a senior medical officer and another doctor as well as a theatre for carrying out emergency operations. It serves a county or a parliamentary constituency Inward flows of goods from the rest of the world into the economic territory of a country. A number that shows relative change in price or volume between the base period and another period. This is an economic activity undertaken by a business establishment as specified in the ISIC This is the value of goods and services that are used in the process of production of other goods and services rather than final consumption ix

14 Kerosene Large Business Labour force Labour force participation rate Liquid Petroleum Gas Loan National Referral Hospitals Net Enrolment Rate Net Intake Rate Non-traditional exports Occupation Overdraft Passengers Petrol Prison Prisoner Proportional morbidity ratio Regional Referral Hospitals Residents Retained Reserves This is fuel used as an illuminant for lighting and in some cases for cooking. Business establishment employing 100 or more persons Currently active population aged 14 to 64 years who were employed or unemployed during the last 7 days Ratio of all economically active persons aged years to the total number of persons aged years Liquid Petroleum Gases (LPG s) are hydrocarbons, which are gaseous under conditions of normal temperature and pressure but are liquefied by compression or cooling to facilitate storage, handling and transportation. A loan may be money or securities supplied by one party (the lender) to a second party (the borrower) in a transaction in return for a promised future payment by the borrower. Such transactions normally include the payment of interest due to the lender as per agreed repayment schedules between the two parties. In addition to the services offered at the regional referral hospital, they provide comprehensive specialist services and are involved in teaching and health research. The ratio of pupils in primary school aged 6 12 to the country total population aged 6-12 years. The ratio of the pupils aged six in primary one to the country total population aged 6 years. Refers to commodities other than traditional exports that have recently featured in Uganda s export trade. Refers to the nature of task and duties performed during the reference period preceding the interview by persons in paid employment, unpaid family work or self-employment jobs. A type of a short-term loan particularly used to supply short-term working capital to tide over the production cycle or finance for seasonal requirements. Travellers in a car, bus, train, plane or ship who are not driving or part of the crew. These also include those embarked and disembarked. This is a light hydrocarbon fuel used in positive ignition engines. Another name used for this type of fuel is premium motor spirit. Place where people are kept as a punishment for crimes they have committed or while awaiting trial. A person kept in prison as a punishment for a crime or while waiting for trial. This is the proportion attributable to a given cause of illness. It is a proxy for the prevalence of sickness in a population. In addition to the services offered at the general hospital, these hospitals offer specialist services such as psychiatry, ear, nose and throat (ENT), radiology, pathology, ophthalmology as well as higher level surgical and medical services, including teaching and research. Persons whose usual residence is Uganda including those whose nationality is not Ugandan. This is the increase in value of a currency or the increase in value of fixed assets consisting mainly of freehold land and buildings. x

15 Revaluation reserves Teaching Service Traditional Civil Servants Trade Balance Traditional Exports These kinds of reserves arise due to the revaluation of fixed assets but cannot be paid out as dividends because they are not realised profits. They merely restate the value of an asset. Teaching Service comprises of teachers of primary schools, secondary and technical schools, commercial and technical colleges and institutions. These are employees of line ministries and self accounting government departments. This is the difference in value between the country s visible imports and exports. Refers to long-term export cash crops introduced to Uganda long time ago. That is Coffee, Cotton, Tea and Tobacco. Treasury Bill These are short-term bearer securities with maturities of 91 days, 182 days, 273 days or 364 days issued by Bank of Uganda. Underemployment Value Added VAT Wage Bill Refers to persons who work less than 40 hours per week, but were willing and available to work additional hours within the last seven days. The value of outcome when factors of production interact to avail goods and services. Value added is the difference between the value of gross output and the value of intermediate inputs. Value added comprises of the following: (a) Compensation of employees (b) Consumption of fixed capital (depreciation) (c) Licenses (d) Rent (e) Interest (f) Operating surplus (usually) net profit or loss and other small items Is a form of consumption tax. From the perspective of the buyer, it s a tax on the purchase price. From the seller s perspective, it is a tax only on the value added to a product, material or service All cash payments made by employers in return for labour provided by the employees. The payments include salaries and wages, overtime, holiday pay, bonuses, commissions, sick leave and any other allowances paid in cash to the employees. xi

16 Geographical Indicators GENERAL INFORMATION Latitude 4 o 12 N & 1 o 29 S Longitude 29 o 34 E & 35 o 0 W Altitude (minimum ASL) 620 metres (maximum ASL) 5,110 metres Total surface area 241,550.7 km 2 Area under land 199,807 km 2 Area under water and swamps 41,743 km 2 Temperature o C Rainfall mm/year 2010 Economic Indicators GDP at current market prices Per capita GDP at current market prices GDP growth rate at constant (2002) market prices Per capita GDP growth rate at constant (2002) market prices Contribution of agriculture to GDP at current market prices Balance of payments surplus Inflation rate Budget deficit excluding grants as a percentage of GDP (2010/11) 37, 058 billion Shs 1,145,083 Shs 5.6 percent 1.9 percent 22.5 percent million US$ 4.0 percent 10.6 percent Demographic and socio-economic indicators Total population (2011 mid-year)* 32.9 million Percentage urban (2011 mid-year)* 14.8 percent Population of Kampala city (2010 mid-year)* 1.60 million Sex ratio of total population (2002 census) 95 males per 100 females Population density (2002 census) 123 persons/km 2 Infant Mortality rate (2002 census)* 76 per 1000 live births Life Expectancy at birth (2002 census)* 50.4 years Male 48.8 years Female 52.0 years Pupil Teacher ratio (Primary 2010) 49 Pupil Classroom ratio (Primary 2010) 68 Student Teacher ratio (Secondary 2010) 18 Student Classroom ratio (Secondary 2009) 35 Note: * Demographic estimates were based on the Census 2002 final results. Only population of gazetted city, municipalities and towns was considered as urban population. xii

17 MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, UGANDA COUNTRY PROFILE Status Target Goal/Indicator /6 2009/ Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 1 Poverty head count (P0) Poverty gap - (P1) Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age Employment to Population Ratio Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education 5 Net enrolment ratio in primary education Literacy rate of year-olds 81.0* 76.3 Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women 7 Ratio of girls to boys in primary education 0.95* Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education 0.80* Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector Goal 4: Reduce child mortality 10 Under five mortality (per 1,000, live births) 156* Infant mortality rate 87* Proportion of 1 year old children immunized against measles Goal 5: Improve maternal health 13 Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel Contraceptive prevalence rate Adolescent birth rate Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases 17 Antenatal care coverage At least one visit At least four visits Unmet need for family planning Condom use at last higher-risk sex among year olds Male 54.5 Female Proportion of year olds who have comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS Female 31.9 Male 38.2 Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability 21 Proportion of land area covered by forest Proportion of population accessing an improved drinking water source (Total) Urban Rural Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development 23 Debt relief committed under the HIPC initiative $69.7M 24 Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services *- The figure is for 2002 Uganda Population and Housing Census, UBOS Figures in blue are from the Demographic Health Survey, 2000/1, UBOS Source: Indicator; 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 22 Uganda National Household Survey, 2002/3, 2005/6 and 2009/10, UBOS 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20 Demographic and Health Survey 2006, UBOS 23, 24 Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development 21- Uganda Forestry Authority xiii

18 Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 1.A: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less ON TRACK than one dollar a day Target 1.B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women NO TARGET and young people Target 1.C: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger ON TRACK Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Target 2.A: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to SLOW complete a full course of primary schooling Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women Target 3.A: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by ON TRACK 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015 Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Target 4.A: Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate SLOW Goal 5: Improve maternal health Target 5.A: Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio SLOW Target 5.B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health SLOW Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Target 6.A: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS REVERSAL Target 6.B: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who ON TRACK need it Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other SLOW major diseases Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability Target 7.A: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and SLOW programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources Target 7.B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of SLOW loss Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe ON TRACK drinking water and basic sanitation Target 7.D: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 NO TARGET million slum dwellers Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development Target 8.B: Address the special needs of the least developed countries REVERSAL Target 8.D: Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through ACHIEVED national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term Target 8.E: In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable STAGNANT essential drugs in developing countries Target 8.F: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new ON TRACK technologies, especially information and communications Source: MDG Report for Uganda, 2010, Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development Source: MDG Report for Uganda, 2010, Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development xiv

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20 Table of Contents FOREWORD... 1 LIST OF ACRONYMS... i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... iv GLOSSARY... viii GENERAL INFORMATION... xii 1 Environment Statistics Land Forests Forests Cover Local and Central Forest Reserves Consumption of charcoal and firewood Climate Rainfall Humidity Water Supply Metred water supply Small towns water supply Population and Social Statistics Population Age Distribution of the Population Urbanisation Fertility Mortality Life Expectancy Education Primary school education Secondary School Education Higher Education Institutions Literacy Labour Force, Employment and Earnings Key Labour Market Indicators Urban Labour Force Survey Demand for labour The Civil Service Employment and annual wage bill for selected manufacturing establishments The Labour Cost Index Employment and Earnings Household Expenditure and Poverty Consumption expenditure per household Real Consumption Expenditure Per Capita Share of Household Expenditure by Item Group Poverty Trend Estimates xvi

21 2.4.5 Inequality in Household Consumption Summary of Findings Health Health Units Immunisation Coverage Morbidity Health Sector performance indicators Crime Reported and investigated cases Serious crimes Prisoners Death in Prisons Prison Capacity Traffic and Road safety Express Penalty Scheme Community Statistics Introduction Districts that are Implementing CIS Households Owning Assets Production Statistics Agriculture and Fisheries Cash Crops Food Crops Fish catch by water body Livestock Production of Milk and Beef ( ) Industry Index of Production (Manufacturing) Energy Introduction Petroleum Products Sales Electricity Trend of Electricity Purchases by UETCL Number of active customers by tariff category, Energy tariffs Building Statistics Cement Consumption Transport and Communication Transport Statistics Communication statistics Migration and Tourism Arrivals Departures Net Migration 000 ( ) Tourist arrivals in Uganda National Parks Macroeconomic Statistics National Accounts xvii

22 4.1.1 Gross Domestic Product Expenditure on GDP Balance of Payment Price Indices Consumer Price Index Producer Price Index - Manufacturing The Producer Price Index- Hotels & Restaurants Construction Sector Indices External Trade Main Traded Commodities Direction of Trade Government Finance Statistics Introduction Coverage Central Government revenue Central Government Expenditure Local Government recurrent expenditure Banking and Currency Monetary Survey Structure of interest rates Commercial banks assets and liabilities Commercial banks outstanding loans and advances Annual foreign exchange rates and volumes Insurance Policies issued Insurance companies income and expenditure Claims Experience xviii

23 1 Environment Statistics This section presents statistics on land, forestry, climate as well as water supply. 1.1 Land Uganda has an area of 241,550.7 square kilometres (sq. km) of which 41,743.2 sq km are open water and swamps, and 199,807.4 sq km is land. The altitude above sea level ranges from 620 metres (Albert Nile) to 5,111 metres (Mt. Rwenzori peak). Uganda is located within the Great Lakes region of East and Central Africa. Uganda shares Lake Victoria with Kenya and Tanzania and Lakes Albert and Edward with the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Within its boundaries are lakes Wamala, Bunyonyi, Katwe, Nakivale, Mburo, Kyoga, George and Bisina. (See Statistical Appendix table1.1 A) The three major rivers in Uganda are Aswa, Kagera and the Nile. There are many other smaller rivers and streams which drain into wetlands and then lakes or form tributaries and sub-tributaries to the major rivers. The vegetation is mainly composed of savannah grassland, woodland, bush land and tropical high forest. Table 1.1 below shows the national land cover in sq. km. by type. The cultivated land cover being the largest increased from 84,010 sq. km. in 1990 to 99,018.4 sq. km. in The second in size are the grasslands which remained constant at 51,152.7 sq km for the same periods. Notably, the bushlands and woodlands decreased from 14,223.9 sq. km. and 39,740.9 sq. km. in 1990 to 11,893.6 and 29,528.1 sq. km. in 2005 respectively. Similarly, plantations (hard and soft woods), tropical high forest (depleted and normal) have decreased over the period. Table 1.1.1: National Land cover statistics (sq km) Built-Up Areas Bush-lands 14, , ,893.6 Commercial Farmlands Cultivated Lands 84, , ,018.4 Grasslands 51, , ,152.7 Impediments Plantations - Hardwoods Plantations - Softwoods Tropical High Forest 2, , ,036.3 Tropical High Forest Normal 6, , ,830.7 Water Bodies 36, , ,902.8 Wetlands 4, , ,840.4 Woodlands 39, , ,528.1 Total 241, , ,550.7 Note: The figures indicated in the above table are based on projections. Actual vegetation studies were undertaken in 1994 based on 1992 satellite imagery. Source: National Forestry Authority 1

24 1.2 Forests Forests Cover In 2005, Uganda had a total of 3.6 million hectares of forest land compared to 4.9 million hectares in This is a reduction of 36.1 percent over a period of 15 years. As a proportion, in 1990 forests covered 20.4 percent of the land area of the country. By 2005 the land under forests had reduced to 15.0 percent which is equivalent to 1.3 million hectares in the 15 years. The deforestation is mainly due to the conversion of forest land to other land use types such as agriculture.( see table 1.2.1) There is a remarkable difference in the degree of deforestation inside protected areas as compared to forests on private land. Forests outside protected areas reduced from 3.46 million hectares to 2.3 million hectares, a difference of about 1.2 million hectares. Forests under protected areas reduced from 1.47 million hectares to 1.3 million hectares, a difference of about 0.20 million hectares, NFA, 2009 Biomass report. Table below shows that the total (inside and outside PAs) deforestation rate per year is 1.8 percent. Table 1.2.1: Forest Cover changes between 1990 and 2005 Year/ Land cover/use Broad leaved Plantations Conifer Plantations THF well stocked THF low stocked Wood land 2005 (hectares) 14,841 18, , ,644 2,816,423 3,594, (hectares) 18,682 16, , ,062 3,974,508 4,933,746 Change ( ) -3,841 2, ,323-71,417-1,158,085-1,339,284 % Change in Area -21% 15% -17% -26% -29% -27% % Change over 15 years -1.37% 0.97% -1.11% -1.74% -1.94% -1.81% Source: NFA and Uganda Bureau of Statistics Total Forest Cover Local and Central Forest Reserves In Table 1.2.2, the area in hectares under forests for both the Central Forest Reserve (CFR) and Local Forest Reserve (LFR) was determined under the National Bio-mass Study, The proportion of land under Central Forest Reserves (CFR) was higher than the Local Forest Reserves in all the regions. The Eastern had the largest proportion (2.6 percent) under Local Forest Reserves, followed by Central (0.5 percent), Northern (0.3 percent) and Western (0.1 percent) as shown below. Table 1.2.2: Share of total area under forests by region, 2005 Region CFR (1) Hectares CFR Percent of Total LFR (2) Hectares LFR Percent of Total Total Forest Reserve Area Central 303, , ,934 Eastern 56, , ,010 Northern 556, , ,272 Western 356, ,468 Uganda 1,272, , ,277,684 Note: (1) CFR Central Forest Reserve (2) LFR Local Forest Reserve Source: National Forestry Authority. 2

25 1.2.3 Consumption of charcoal and firewood Table shows monetary and non-monetary value of household expenditure on firewood and charcoal as reported in the Household Expenditure Surveys. The total nominal value increased to billion in 2009/10 from Shs billion in 2005/06. The value of charcoal and firewood consumption went up by more than 10 times during the same period. Table 1.2.3: Household consumption of firewood and charcoal (million Shillings) Item 1996/ / / /10 Charcoal 4,076 6,936 9,345 98,699 Firewood 13,967 20,677 23, ,440 Total 18,043 27,613 32, ,139 Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics Table 1.2.4: Wood Production Category Round wood Production ('000 tonnes) 33,180 34,852 36,324 37,857 39,469 Value of Round wood Produced (Millions) 271, , , , ,599 Source: NFA and Uganda Bureau of Statistics Table shows the quantity and value of round wood produced. The value of round wood is estimated at billion shillings in 2010 as compared to billion in 2009 representing a 15.2 percent increase while wood production ( 000 tones) is estimated to be 39,469 in 2010 as compared to 37,857 in Climate Rainfall Figure below shows the long term average and monthly rainfall trends for the year 2010 for selected centres. These are Arua, Kampala, Soroti and Mbarara. Each region is represented by one centre. For Kampala centre, during the 1 st half of 2010 the rainfall was higher for different months than the long term average. However, the long term average was higher than the rainfall received in the 2 nd half of The lowest rainfall recorded in the 2010 was 27.1 mm in July and the highest was 200 mm in April. In Soroti, monthly rainfall received in 2010 was generally higher than the long term average except for the months of April, Nov and Dec which were significantly below the long term average as compared to their corresponding months. The lowest rainfall recorded was about 19.4 mm in December and the highest was 234 mm in March for the 2010 series while 44 mm was recorded in February as the lowest and 161 mm as the highest in the month of August for the long term series. In Arua, the monthly rainfall received in 2010 was generally higher than the long term average except for the months of March/April and Sep/Oct where the amounts were significantly below the long term average as compared to their corresponding months. Lowest rainfall recorded was 8 mm in January and the highest was 251 mm in July for the 2010 series while 25 mm was recorded in January as the lowest and 212 mm as the highest in the month of July for the long term series. The rainfall movements for Mbarara were similar to those of the long term average for most of the months, although 2010 rainfall was generally higher than the long term average rainfall for the most 3

26 months. There was almost no rainfall received in July while Sep 2010 received the highest amount of rainfall, 193 mm. For the Long Term series, July recorded the lowest amount of 26 mm while September recorded the highest amount of 157 mm (See Statistical Appendix Table 1.3). Figure 1.3.1: Rainfall in selected centers, 2010 Monthly Rainfall Arua, millimeters Monthly Rainfall Kampala, millimeters Monthly Rainfall Soroti, millimeters Monthly Rainfall Mbarara, millimeters 4

27 1.3.2 Humidity The monthly mean relative humidity at and hours was generally in line with long term averages for all the selected centres (Gulu, Jinja, Kampala and Mbarara), except for Mbarara where the patterns differ (See Appendix Table 1.3 C) 5

28 1.4 Water Supply Metred water supply National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC) is the main provider of metered water in Uganda, operating in 23 towns. The towns are Kampala, Jinja/Njeru, Entebbe, Tororo, Mbale, Masaka, Mbarara, Gulu, Lira, Lugazi, Fort Portal, Kasese, Kabale, Arua, Bushenyi/Ishaka, Soroti, Mukono, Malaba, Iganga, Mubende, Hoima, Masindi and Kaberamaido. Mukono water services are managed by the Kampala NWSC Area and Malaba by the Tororo area. Kaberamaido town was gazetted as a new town under NWSC Management in During the FY 2009/10 water production and supply was million cubic metres, an increase of 2.94 million cubic meters from the previous financial year 2008/09. Figure below shows the pattern of water production in Uganda. Figure 1.4.1: Water produced by NWSC in Uganda, 2004/ / Small towns water supply Water supply for small towns increased from 1.1 million cubic metres in 2006 to 3.5 million cubic metres in 2010 representing an increase of 32.5 percent in the last five years. The supply increased by 2.8 percent from 3.3 million cubic metres in 2009 to 3.5 cubic metres in 2010 (see statistical Appendix Table 1.4 k). Figure 1.4.2: Trends in water supplied for small towns,

29 2 Population and Social Statistics 2.1 Population Uganda s population has continued to grow rapidly over time. It increased from 9.5 millions in 1969 to 24.2 million in Between 1991 and 2002, the population growth rate was 3.2 percent. The population is projected to have increased to 32.9 million by mid 2011 as shown in figure Figure 2.1.1: Census population, 1969, 1980, 1991 and 2002 and mid year (2011) projection Million Year Age Distribution of the Population Table shows that the population of Uganda is increasingly becoming younger, with the proportion of the children (under 18 years) having increased from 51 percent in 1969 to 56 percent in The proportion of the elderly persons (60 years and above) on the other hand decreased from 6 percent in 1969 to about 5 percent in Table 2.1.1: Population of Selected Age Groups, Age Category Population Aged 6 12 Years Population Aged less than 15 Years Population Aged Less than 18 Years Population Aged Years Population Aged Years Population Aged Years Population Aged Years Population Aged 60 Years or More Urbanisation Urbanisation is defined as the increase in the proportion of the population living in urban areas. However, the definition of urban areas has been changing over time. The 2002 Census covers only gazetted urban areas while the earlier censuses included ungazetted trading centres with more than 1,000 people as part of the urban population. 7

30 Figure shows that the urban population in Uganda has increased rapidly from less than one million persons in 1980 to 4.9 million in 2011, representing a more than six time increase. This increase is majorly attributed to the creation of new urban administrative units in addition to the demographic factors (Fertility, Mortality and Migration). Figure 2.1.2: Urban Population Population(Millions) Year Note: 1980, 1991 and 2002 data is from population and housing censuses while data for 2011 is projected Fertility The fertility levels have remained high over the past 3 decades, with the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of about 7 children per woman. Figure below shows the trend of TFR over the period 1991 to According to the 2006 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS), TFR has slightly reduced to 6.7 children per woman. The TFR is higher in the rural areas compared to the urban areas. Figure 2.1.3: Fertility Trends, Births per * * 2006 Year Note: 1991 and 2002 data is from population and housing censuses while data for 1995, 2000 and 2006 is from the UDHS 8

31 2.1.4 Mortality There has been a general improvement in mortality levels. The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) declined from 97 to 76 deaths per 1,000 live births between 1995 and 2006 while the under five mortality declined from 162 to 137 deaths per 1,000 live births over the same period. The 2006 UDHS showed that IMR is lower among children in urban areas as well as those born to educated and wealthier mothers. Figure shows the trend of IMR and Under Five Mortality over the period 1995 to Figure 2.1.4: Infant and Under Five Mortality Trends, Deaths per 1000 live births Note: These figures are from the 1995, 2000 and 2006 UDHS Life Expectancy Life expectancy at birth is an estimate of the average number of years a person is expected to live if a particular pattern of mortality is maintained. Table shows that the overall life expectancy at birth from the 2002 Census was 50 years for both sexes. There was a gain of 2.3 years in life expectancy between 1991 and 2002 for both sexes. Males registered a lower life expectancy of 49 years compared to their female counterparts at 52 years. Table 2.1.2: Life Expectancy at Birth by Census Year Census Year Male Female Total

32 2.2 Education The statistics presented in this section are from the annual school census conducted by the Ministry of Education and Sports. The indicators presented in this section include enrolment at all levels, persons in the teaching profession, orphans, students with special needs and the number of schools/institutions in the registry. The challenge faced is the low and changing response rate which may affect the trend of the figures presented in this section Primary school education The introduction of the Universal Primary Education (UPE) programme increased access to education in Uganda and its main beneficiary is the rural population. Table shows a 4 percent increase in the number of pupils enrolled between 2008 and There was a 7 percent increase in the number of primary schools between 2008 and The total number of class rooms also increased by 6 percent over the same period. (See Statistical Appendix Table 2.2 A). Table Trend of key primary education indicators, ( ) Total Enrolment ( 000) 7,224 7,362 7,537 7,964 8,297 Number of Primary Teachers ( 000) Number of Primary Schools 13,576 14,385 14,728 15,962 17,127 Number of class rooms 97, , , , ,212 Annual percentage change in enrolment Annual percentage change in class rooms Pupil Teacher Ratio Pupil Classroom Ratio GER GIR NER NIR Source: Ministry of Education and Sports. The Gross Intake Rate (GIR) in 2008 and 2009 was 137 and 168 respectively. The GIR was more than 100, implying that 68 percent of the pupils who enrolled in P1 were below and or above the age of 6 years as shown in Statistical Appendix Table 2.2 B Primary school orphans Table shows that the number of orphans enrolled in primary schools reduced from 1.36 to 1.30 million children between 2008 and Of the orphans enrolled in 2009, the number of males was higher than the females. The percentage share of orphans to total enrollment was 17.1 percent in 2008 compared to 15.7 percent in Table 2.2.2: Number of primary school orphans by sex ( ) Male Female Total Percentage to total Enrolment , , , , , , , ,294 1,252, , ,623 1,261, , ,980 1,271, , ,062 1,334, , ,046 1,360, , ,714 1,304, Source: Ministry of Education and Sports 10

33 Primary school pupils with disabilities Table shows a total of about 204,000 children with disabilities enrolled in primary school in The number of children with special needs enrolled in school increased by 11 percent between 2008 and The percentage share of male pupils with disabilities was 53 percent compared to 47 percent for female pupils in Table 2.2.3: Primary school pupils with special needs ( ) Class Percentage Male Female Total Male Female Total Change P1 21,300 16,869 38,169 22,410 17,613 40, P2 15,194 13,308 28,502 16,419 14,011 30, P3 16,287 14,541 30,828 19,122 17,406 36, P4 15,387 14,185 29,572 17,390 16,406 33, P5 12,652 12,229 24,881 14,261 14,026 28, P6 9,950 9,635 19,585 11,074 10,912 21, P7 6,666 5,334 12,000 7,308 5,994 13, Total 97,436 86, , ,984 96, , Source: Ministry of Education and Sports Primary school education facilities Provision of adequate infrastructure for the children enrolled in primary school is key and remains a challenge to the education sector. At national level, about one in every three pupils enrolled in primary does not have adequate sitting and writing space. Table shows that a higher percentage of pupils in lower classes had inadequate sitting and writing space compared to those in upper classes for the period 2008 to Table 2.2.4: Primary school pupils without adequate sitting space by class ( ) Class Enrolment Pupils with out adequate space %age to total Enrolment Enrolment Pupils with out adequate space %age to total Enrolment P1 1,897, , ,946, , P2 1,318, , ,349, , P3 1,279, , ,367, , P4 1,164, , ,212, , P5 993, , ,042, , P6 795, , , , P7 515,729 59, ,505 61, Total 7,963,979 2,812, ,297,780 2,893, Source: Ministry of Education and Sport Primary Leaving Examinations (PLE) The Primary Leaving Examinations (PLE) are conducted every year by the Uganda National Examinations Board. Pupils must pass these examinations in order to join secondary education. Out of the registered candidates, the majority (24 percent) passed in third grade in 2009 as shown in Table below. On the other hand, the percentage share of pupils who passed in first grade was 3.5 percent and 6.4 percent in 2008 and 2009 respectively. 11

34 Table 2.2.5: Pupils Primary Leaving Examination results by grade ( ) Percentage Percentage Male Female Total Share Male Female Total share Division 1 10,666 6,355 17, ,810 13,030 32, Division II 85,460 69, , ,325 90, , Division III 69,430 69, , ,156 66, , Division IV 31,941 31,820 63, ,755 31,546 67, Division U 39,276 50,030 89, ,749 39,517 70, Division X 10,488 11,633 22, ,679 11,699 22, Registered Pupils 247, , , , , , Source: Ministry of Education and Sports Secondary School Education The Universal Secondary Education (USE) has boosted enrolment over the years since its inception in Table indicates that total secondary enrolment increased by 10 percent between 2008 and The student teacher ratio remained more less the same over the same period. (See Statistical Appendix Tables 2.2 H and 2.2 I.) Table 2.2.6: Trend of key secondary school education indicators ( ) Enrolment 728, , ,328 1,088,744 1,194,454 Number of Schools 1,961 2,286 2,644 2,908 3,149 Number of Teachers 37,607 42,673 50,767 57,007 65,045 Student teacher ratio Gross Enrolment Rate Net Enrolment Rate Source: Ministry of Education and Sports Secondary school students with special Needs The number of students with disabilities is higher in lower secondary classes than in higher secondary classes. Overall, the number of secondary school students with special needs increased by 20 percent between 2008 and 2009 as shown in the Table

35 Table 2.2.7: Secondary school students with special needs ( ) Year/Class S.1 S.2 S.3 S.4 S.5 S.6 Total Total ,703 2,597 2,235 1, , ,667 2,555 2,402 1, , ,057 2,028 1,949 1, , ,364 2,283 2,130 1, , ,990 2,555 2,533 2,125 1, , ,830 2,689 2,128 1, , ,275 3,052 2,897 2, ,418 Source: Ministry of Education and Sports Secondary school orphans by class Table 2.2.8, indicates that the number of orphaned students has been increasing steadily over the years. The total number of secondary school orphans increased by about 5 percent between 2008 and Table 2.2.8: Secondary school orphan students by class ( ) Class/Year S.1 43,355 51,366 68,757 68,874 68,343 S.2 38,658 43,096 50,793 61,817 61,808 S.3 33,721 38,811 43,775 47,289 55,675 S.4 29,937 33,951 39,647 41,389 44,118 S.5 11,218 12,590 14,983 16,461 17,614 S.6 10,693 11,334 13,808 16,461 16,540 Total 167, , , , ,098 Source: Ministry of Education and Sports Higher Education Institutions The government policy to liberalise the education system has led to an increase in the number of private higher learning institutions. The number of universities in the last few decades has been increasing and in addition more courses have been introduced hence widening the labour market. Table below indicates that 66 percent of the tertiary enrolment in 2007 was from universities. However there seem to have been a decline in the enrolment of 24 percent between 2006 and (Statistical Appendix Table 2.2.I) 13

36 Table 2.2.9: Higher institutions enrolment, Institutions No. Male Female Total Male Female Total Universities 26 46,475 34,712 81,187 55,169 41,880 97,049 University colleges 12 46,475 34,749 81,224 11,094 8,939 20,033 Technical Colleges 6 1, ,980 1, ,960 Commercial Colleges 48 9,786 9,053 18,839 8,512 8,671 17,183 Management 8 2,000 2,156 4,156 1,789 2,046 3,835 Health/ Medical 15 2,108 1,024 3,132 2,167 1,116 3,283 Agricultural & Forestry 6 1, ,651 1, ,712 Theological Colleges ,098 1, ,088 Law Devt Centre Grand Total ,412 82, ,067 83,404 63, ,943 Source: National Council for Higher Education Literacy Literacy is defined as ability to write meaningfully and read with understanding in any language. The 2005/06 Uganda National Household Survey revealed an overall literacy rate of 69 percent among persons aged 10 years and above. Table indicates that more men were found to be literate (76 percent) than women (63 percent). Among regions, in 2005/06, the Central region excluding Kampala had the highest literacy rate (80 percent), while the Northern had the lowest (59 percent). Kampala had a total literacy rate of 91 percent bearing in mind its special characteristics. The literacy rates were higher for urban dwellers (86 percent) than their rural counter parts (66 percent). Table : Literacy rates for population aged 10 years and above 1999/ / /06 Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Uganda Residence Urban Rural Region Central Excluding Eastern Northern Western Kampala Source: UNHS 2005/06, Uganda Bureau of Statistics 14

37 2.3 Labour Force, Employment and Earnings Importance of labour to the economy Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) generates labour market information from the bi-annual Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), as well as from the annual labour force surveys in urban areas, establishment surveys and administrative records. The main purpose is to inform the National Development Plan (NDP) and other stake holders. This section presents information on key labour market indicators on employment, underemployment and unemployment. In addition, it shows trends for jobs advertised in newspapers. This is in order to guide jobs seekers on the most demanded occupations in the country. However, the information on vacancies is limited to only those jobs that are advertised in newspapers. The section further shows changes in employment pattern in selected manufacturing and hotel sectors Key Labour Market Indicators The Labour Market Indicators given in this publication are based on the population in the working age bracket (14 to 64 years) from the UNHS 2009/10. The data includes indicators for the persons who worked for at least an hour during the last seven days preceding the survey. In order to show the dynamics of the labour force, the analysis is made including and excluding working students who were below 21 years (majority of who, that is 91 percent were in agriculture helping on household farms). The summary of the Key Labour Market Indicators are presented in Appendix Table 2.3.A. The total labour force in Uganda increased from 10.9 million persons in 2005/06 to 13.4 million persons in 2009/10, an increase of 23 percent. The labour force participation rate (LFPR) increased from 82 percent in 2005/06 to 91.5 percent in 2009/10. The overall unemployment rate was about 4 per cent in 2009/10 while the urban unemployment rate was about 9 percent in The time related underemployment rate was about 4 percent. By status in employment, 79 percent were self-employed in 2009/10. Paid employees constituted 21 percent of the work force in 2009/10 compared to 16 percent in 2005/06. The results further indicate that nearly three quarters of the workforce had either primary level or no education (Appendix Table 2.3 A). The proportion was 76 percent during the 2005/06 survey. Only 7 percent of the work force had specialised training i.e. post primary or secondary training, or degree and above. The majority of the working population was engaged in agriculture and were mainly self-employed. By industry, agriculture employed 66 percent of the working population, while by occupation, 60 percent of the working population were agricultural and fishery workers. (Appendix Tables 2.3 B and 2.3 C). 15

38 Table 2.3.1: Selected Labour Force Indicators for persons aged years Indicator category 2005/ /2010 All Working only * All Working only * Population (000 s) 27,200 27,200 30,700 30,700 Size of labour force (000 s) 10,883 9,526 13,357 11,484 LFPR Size of the working force(000 s) 10,638 9,333 12,880 11,006 EPR Unemployment rate Urban Rural Underemployment (a) Time related (b) Skills related (c) Income related Average hours worked (per week) Median wages 54,300 54,300 90,000 90,000 Activity Status of the Work Force a) Self employed b) Paid employee Sector of Employment a) Primary b) Service c) Manufacturing Total Note* Excludes working students aged Source: Uganda National Household Surveys 2005/06 and 2009/ Working poor The working poor were defined as individuals who were part of working labour force but whose incomes fell below the poverty line. According to the 2009/10 UNHS, 24.5percent of the population (7.5 million persons) live below the poverty line. The bulk of these individuals were children and adults who do not constitute the labour force. About 2.7 million (21 percent) were classified as the working poor. However, the proportion improved from 29 percent realised in the 2005/06 survey. Disaggregated data by sector of employment (Figure 2.3.1), illustrate that the incidence of the working poor is highest among those in the primary sector (26 percent) followed by those in the manufacturing sector. The working population involved in the service sector is less likely to be poor (8 percent) compared to those employed in primary and manufacturing sectors. There were reductions in the proportion of the working poor during the period 2005/06 to 2009/10 in all sectors. However, this was more pronounced in the primary sector where the proportion reduced by eight percentage points compared to three percentage points each for the manufacturing and service sectors. 16

39 Figure 2.3.1: Working poor / /10 0 Primary Manufacturing Service Total Urban Labour Force Survey The 2009 survey aimed to provide up-to-date information on Greater Kampala area, comprising of Kampala City and selected subcounties of Wakiso and Mukono districts. The total labour force was 920,000. (Table 2.3.2). The labour force participation rate (LFPR) was 69 percent. The overall unemployment rate was about 13 percent, while the time related underemployment rate was 12 percent. By status in employment, 50 percent were self employed and 50 percent were paid employees. The results further indicate that 32 percent of the workforce had either primary level or no education as shown in Table below. About 23 percent of the work force had specialised training, that is, post primary or secondary training, or degree and above. By industry, 30 percent of the working population was engaged in sales, maintenance and repair of vehicles and personal goods. By occupation, 38 percent of the working population were service workers, shop and market workers as shown in Table and Table 2.3.2: Urban Labour Force selected Indicators for Persons Aged Years, 2009 Indicator category Percentage No formal schooling 2.3 Primary 29.2 Incomplete Secondary 35.0 Complete S6 9.4 Post primary specialised training 3.1 Post secondary specialised training 8.7 Degree and above 10.7 Not stated 1.7 Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 17

40 Table 2.3.3: Urban Labour Force Percentage Distribution of Working Population by Industry, 2009 Industry Percentage Agriculture, forestry and fishing 6.1 Sale, maintenance, repair of vehicles and personal goods 29.8 Manufacturing 8.0 Education 3.8 Transport storage and communications 7.8 Hotels and restaurants 7.0 Others 37.5 Total 100 Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics Table 2.3.4: Urban Labour Force Percentage Distribution of Working Population by Occupation, 2009 Occupation Percentage Agriculture and fishery workers 6.1 Service workers and shop and market workers 38.0 Elementary occupation 15.8 Crafts and related workers 13.7 Associate professionals 9.2 Professional s 7.0 Plant and machinery operators 6.6 Others 3.6 Total 100 Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 18

41 Table 2.3.2: Selected Labour Force Indicators for persons aged years Indicator category ULFS 2009 Population (000 s) 2,204 Size of labour force (000 s) 920 LFPR 69.3 Size of the working force(000 s) 797 EPR 60.0 Unemployment rate 13.3 Underemployment (d) Time related 12.2 (e) Skills related 12.7 (f) Income related 4.0 Average hours worked (per week) 65.4 Median wages 150,000 Activity Status of the Work Force c) Self employed 50.2 d) Paid employee 49.8 Sector of Employment d) Primary 6.8 e) Service 8.6 f) Manufacturing 84.5 Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics Demand for labour Job advertisements portray the demand side of the labour market and act as an indicator of the expanding sectors in the economy. The information on jobs advertised presented here is based on two major English newspapers, The New Vision and Daily Monitor. 1 Figure shows the trend in the number of jobs advertised between 2006 and In the year 2010, the number of jobs advertised was 24,372, reflecting an increase of 21 percent in comparison to the previous year. There is a general increasing trend in the number of jobs advertised since the year A job is captured only once even if it is advertised in more than one newspaper or more than once in the same newspaper. 19

42 Figure 2.3.2: Number of advertised vacancies by year Jobs advertised by Industry The majority of the jobs advertised since 2006 were in the public administration sector (See Appendix Table 2.3 F) although its share has been fluctuating. The share of the jobs advertised in the public administration sector increased from 50 percent in 2007 to 80 percent in The international organisations 2 constituted 4 percent of the total advertisements in 2010, but there was a decrease of 5 percentage points from the previous year. Only about four percent and about two percent of the advertisements were in the social sectors of health and education respectively. But this a decrease compared to the previous year Jobs advertised by Occupation More than two thirds of the occupations advertised (67 percent) were for the associate professionals (diploma and certificate holders). The professionals (degree holders) constituted 26 percent of all the jobs advertised that year, (see Figure 2.3.3). Figure 2.3.3: Distribution of Advertised Vacancies by Occupation (2010) Includes International Organisations like ILO, UNICEF, UNDP, WFP, FAO etc. as well International NGOs. 20

43 The share of associate professionals among the jobs advertised increased from 42 percent in 2009 to 67 percent in (See Appendix Table 2.3 F). The primary education teaching associate professionals constituted 44 percent of the total advertisements during 2010, and was the single largest occupation group advertised. This was followed by the nurses and midwife category with 7 percent. The ranking for other occupations fluctuated from year to year Re-advertised jobs In 2010, out of 24,372 jobs advertised, 353 (one percent) were re-advertised as indicated in Table The majority of the re-advertised jobs were for associate professionals (54 percent). This was followed by the professional category with 38 percent during There were fewer jobs readvertised in 2010 compared to For all the years before 2010, the majority of the readvertised jobs were for professionals. Table 2.3.3: Percentage of jobs re-advertised by major occupation groups, Description Professionals (Graduates) Associate professionals (Diploma and certificate holders) Clerks Executive directors, managers, and senior administrators Others Total Number , Note: a) a vacancy is entered only once even if it appears more than once in the same newspaper or different newspaper. b) There were no jobs re-advertised in Service workers, shop and market sales workers as well as the agricultural and fishery workers major occupations groups c) There are records in data set for the re-advertised jobs in 2008, it could have been an omission by the data entrants. Source: New vision and The Monitor newspapers The Civil Service The civil service is composed of those persons in the traditional civil service, teaching service (primary and secondary), police, prisons, public universities and in the local governments. However, it excludes employees of government semi autonomous institutions and parastatals. There are variations in the size of the civil service in different months within a year. So, the average size of the civil service is considered. The Table indicates that the average size of the civil service in 2010 was 263,854 persons, an increase of about two percent from 259,650 persons in Table 2.3.4: Size of Uganda civil service, Year Size of Civil Service Percentage change , , , , , Source: Uganda Computer services Employment and annual wage bill for selected manufacturing establishments The information given here is based on data collected from major manufacturing establishments selected for the compilation of the Index of Industrial Production (100), as well as the Producer Price Index (PPI). The number of establishments covered each year varies. 21

44 For purposes of trend studies/time series comparison, a total of 121 establishments of all the major manufacturing establishments as well as hotels and restaurants that have data for both number of employees and labour costs between 2008 and 2010 have been considered. Because of increased coverage beyond manufacturing, the base year of 2008 is to be maintained for future computation of the index. In 2010, the number of employees decreased by about seven percent in relation to 2009, the wage bill increased by 11 percent while the monthly average earnings increased by 20 percent as indicated in Table Table 2.3.5: Year Employment and wage bill for selected manufacturing establishments Employees Wage bill Average monthly earnings Number % change Mill. Shs. % change Shs. % change ,139 5, , , , , , , , Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics The food processing, beverage and tobacco group was the most dominant industry with one third of the selected manufacturing and hotel establishments, 52 percent share of the total employment and 28 percent share of the monthly wage bill during The paper, publishing and printing industry had the 8 percent share of the monthly average employment but with about 29 percent share of the monthly wage bill as indicated in Statistical Appendix Tables 2.3 F, and 2.3 G. Employees in the food processing, beverage and tobacco group earned the least average monthly income of shs, 230,000. Those in the manufacture of paper, publishing and printing group had the highest average income of shs. 1,676,000 as indicated in Statistical Appendix Tables 2.3 H The Labour Cost Index A Labour Cost Index is a measure of the rate of change in the total labour cost. It shows also the labour costs relative to the base period in the selected manufacturing and hotel establishments. It provides a better understanding of how specific labour markets adjust to changes in the demand and supply and is therefore a timely measure of wage pressure. The indicators presented here are based on statistics of the total monthly wages paid in the manufacturing and hotel establishments covered, which generally cover the formal or modern sector of an economy. They do not include data on self-employment income or informal sector activities. The results in figure show that Labour Cost Index in nominal and real terms in relation to The nominal Labour wage rose by 24 percent in The Labour Cost Index in real terms dropped slightly below 100 in 2009 but increased to during The Labour Cost Index in real terms grew by a modest 6 percent in relation to its value during

45 Figure 2.3.4: Trend in labour costs nominal and real wages Labour Cost index (%) Years Nominal Real terms Amongst the manufacturing groups and hotel sectors the manufacture of Chemicals paint, soap and foam had the highest labour cost index increase of 46 percent in nominal terms and 24 percent in real terms. (See Appendix Table 2.3 J). The lowest increase in the labour cost was for the hotels and restaurants (7 percent). The Labour Cost Index in real terms for the hotels and restaurants declined to 91 percent of its 2008 value during the same period Employment and Earnings The employment and earnings survey was designed to collect data on employment, earnings by occupations, hours of work, and details on job vacancies and occupational accidents and injuries. The Employment and Earnings Survey was intended to cover all establishments employing 15 persons or more in six kinds of activity namely Manufacturing, Construction, Hotels, Education (private schools), Health (private health institutions) and Horticulture. These were selected from the Uganda Business Register of A total of 655 and 491 establishments were covered during 2008 and 2009 respectively. They had a total employment of 38,812 and 35,116 persons respectively. The overall median monthly income was shs. 140,000 in 2008 and it remained the same during Persons employed in agriculture earned the lowest median monthly income of shs. 88,000 in 2009 compared to shs. 121,000 in All employees worked more than 40 hours per week, with hotel employees working the longest hours per week (72 hours). Table 2.3.6: Employment, median earnings and weekly average hours of work Industry Establishments Employment Median earnings ( 000) Average hour per week Construction ,061 1, Health , Manufacturing ,329 14, Agriculture 8 9 6,036 9, Education ,668 6, Hotels ,449 2, Total ,812 35, Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 23

46 Table shows the distribution of the most common occupations by median monthly income and average hours worked a week. The results indicate that the agricultural, fishery and related labourers were the least paid with a median monthly income of shs 54,900. These were followed by the cleaners and cooks who received the second lowest median monthly income shs 70,000. The trend is almost similar during the previous survey. The matrons worked for the longest number of hours a week yet they were among the least paid. Table 2.3.7: Selected occupations by mean and median wages, hours worked a week Occupation Median wage per month Hours worked per week Agricultural, Fishery and Related Laboures 69,941 54, Cooks/chef 70,000 70, Cleaners 58,000 70, Security guards 65,000 80, Waitress/Waiters 80,000 80, Casual laborers 84,739 85, Manufacturing Laborers 65,200 95, Matron 80, , Nurses 150, , Teachers primary education 136, , Machine operators 120, , Supervisors 200, , Motor Vehicle Drivers 132, , Cashier 123, , Teachers secondary education 140, , Technician 225, , General Manager 300, , Production Manager 400, , Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 24

47 2.4 Household Expenditure and Poverty Household Expenditure and poverty data have been useful in monitoring the living standards of Ugandans. However, household consumption expenditure is usually preferred over income in assessing poverty incidence as it is more accurately reported by the households/individuals. The 2009/10 Uganda National Household Survey collected information on consumption expenditure on food, beverages and tobacco and non-consumption expenditure of households, among others Consumption expenditure per household The Figure below presents the monthly consumption expenditure per household for 2005/06 and 2009/10 after adjusting for inflation using the 2005/06 prices. Uganda s average household monthly expenditure rose from Shs. 210,750 in 2005/06 to Shs. 232,700 in 2009/10, representing a real increase of 10.4 percent within this period. The increase was mainly driven by increases in rural areas (11.8 percent) while the urban areas registered an increase of only 3 percent between the same period. Refer to Table 2.4 A in appendix. All regions experienced a positive change between the two surveys. The increase in consumption expenditure was more pronounced in the Northern region (34 percent) while the Western region registered the lowest increase (3 percent). A notable negative change in consumption per household was observed in urban areas of western and eastern regions. Figure 2.4.1: Monthly Consumption Expenditure per Household (2005/06=100) Per Hh Monthly Expenditure('000 Shs) Kampala Central* Western 2005/ / Eastern Northern Uganda Region Real Consumption Expenditure Per Capita In nominal terms, the results indicated that per capita consumption expenditure increased from Shs. 41,300 in 2005/06 to Shs. 72,250 per month in 2009/10, representing a nominal increase of 75 percent. However, after deflating the nominal expenditure by CPI, the results reveal that on average, the per capita expenditure increased from Shs.40,550 to Shs. 47,150 (Appendix Table 2.4B). The Northern region had the highest real per capita expenditure increase from Shs. 21,500 to Shs. 28,400 (about 32%). Proportionately the Central region (excluding Kampala City) also registered a 31 percent real increase. The lowest increase (9.6 percent) was observed in eastern region from Shs. 31,800 to 3 For details of items covered, refer to the Uganda Bureau of Statistics: 2009/10 Socio-Economic Module Abridged Report 25

48 Shs. 34,850 per month per capita. On average, the urban areas recorded a 20 percent increase in real per capita consumption expenditure while the rural areas recorded a 15 percent real increase. Figure 2.4.2: Monthly Mean Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (2005/06=100) Mean Per capita Expenditure ('000 Shs) Kampala Central* Western Eastern / / Northern Uganda 47 Re gion Share of Household Expenditure by Item Group The trends in the share of each item group in the total household expenditure including nonconsumption expenditures are presented in Table In 2009/10, the share of food, drinks and tobacco in total household expenditure remained the highest at 45 percent, followed by expenditure on rent, fuel and energy at 16 percent. The share of these two item groups remained the same as observed in 2005/06. There was a slight nominal increase in the share of food, drink and tobacco in the rural areas while a slight nominal decrease was observed in the urban areas. The share of the other expenditure item groups remained generally the same between the two survey periods. Table 2.4.3: Share of Household Expenditure by Item groups, percentage 2005/ /10 Item Group Rural Urban Uganda Rural Urban Uganda Food, drink & tobacco Rent, fuel & energy Education Transport & communication Health Household & personal goods Clothing & footwear Other consumption expenditure Non-consumption expenditure Total Source: Uganda Bureau of Statsitics Poverty Trend Estimates Table presents the poverty statistics for the 2009/10, 2005/06 and 2002/03 surveys. The absolute poverty line defined in Appleton (2001), was obtained after applying the method of Ravallion and Bidani (1994) to data from the First Monitoring Survey of 1993 has been used. This method focused on the cost of meeting calorific needs, given the food basket of half the population, 26

49 giving allowance for non-food needs. Three poverty indicators: namely P0, P1 and P2 (see Foster, Greer and Thorbecke, 1984) are reported. The P0 indicator is head count that is the percentage of individuals estimated to be living in households with real private consumption per adult equivalent below the poverty line. The P1 indicator is the poverty gap. This is the summation over all individuals of the shortfall of their real private consumption per adult equivalent from the poverty line, divided by the poverty line. One way to interpret the P1 is that it gives the per capita cost of eradicating poverty, as a percentage of the poverty line, if money could be targeted perfectly. The P2 indicator is the squared poverty gap. This is the summation over all individuals of the square of the shortfall of their real private consumption per adult equivalent and the poverty line divided by the poverty line. The reason to square the shortfall is to give greater weight to those who are living far below the line. Thus, whereas P0 measures how widespread poverty is, P1 measures how poor the poor are and, by giving more weight to the poorest of the poor, P2 gives an indication of how severe poverty is. Based on the 2009/10 survey data, it was estimated that 24.5 percent of Ugandans were poor, corresponding to nearly 7.5 million persons. Table provides more detailed statistics, broken down by region and rural-urban areas. The incidence of poverty remained higher in rural areas (27.2 percent) compared to urban areas (9.1 percent). Table 2.4.4: Poverty Statistics in the UNHS 2002/03, 2005/06 and 2009/10 Residence Pop. share Mean CPAE Poverty estimates Contribution to: P0 P1 P2 P0 P1 P2 2009/10 Rural/Urban Rural , Urban , Region Central , Eastern , Northern , Western , National , /06 Rural/Urban Rural , Urban , Region Central , Eastern , Northern , Western , National , /03 Rural/Urban Rural , Urban , Region Central , Eastern , Northern , Western , National , Note: Figures for Mean CPAE were proportionally adjusted to 2005/06 prices Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 27

50 The results in Table revealed that the percentage of the people living in absolute poverty declined significantly between 2009/10 and 2005/06 by 6.6 percentage points, corresponding to a reduction of 0.9 million persons in absolute terms. The other poverty indicators (P1 and P2 measures) follow a similar trend as the headcount index. Thus, the main finding is that the incidence of income poverty declined significantly between UNHS 2005/06 and UNHS 2009/10 for Uganda as a whole. A significant decline in poverty levels was observed in both rural and urban areas between 2005/06 and 2009/10. However, the incidence of poverty remains far higher in the rural areas than urban areas. The rural areas where about 85 percent of the population resides still contribute 94 percent to national poverty. The decrease in poverty between the surveys is most marked in the Northern region where the headcount declined from 60.7 percent to 46.2 percent (that is, from 3.25 million to 2.84 million persons in poverty, respectively). In relative terms, this suggests 14.5 percentage points drop in the poverty headcount, well above the nation-wide average of 6.6 percentage points. This reduction is driven by adverse trends in the urban areas from 39.7 percent to 19.7 percent but we should take note of the significant reduction in rural areas to the magnitude of 15.2 percentage points. The proportion of people in poverty in Eastern region declined from 35.9 percent to 24.3 percent that is, from 2.45 million to 2.2 million persons in poverty. The decline is driven by the rural areas, which experienced a 12.7 percentage point drop. In the Central region, the decline in the headcount indicator from 16.4 percent to 10.7 percent is statistically significant at conventional levels. Only the Western region had the least change in income poverty, with a slight increase in the headcount from 20.5 percent to 21.8 percent. In absolute numbers, the persons living in poverty in western region increased from 1.44 million in 2005/06 to 1.6 million in 2009/10, but the change is not statistically significant. While the regional rankings of P1 and P2 are identical to the headcount index, there are some differences in the magnitudes. The cost of eliminating poverty in the Northern region as based on the poverty gap is 1.2 times of the national average. On average, every poor individual residing in Northern region would require Shs 86,953 (in 2005/06 prices) per month to climb above the poverty line. By contrast, the poor in Central region would require fewer resources of SHS57,695 (in 2005/06 prices). There are no notable significant changes in the poverty gap and severity of poverty in the Western region (both rural and urban), and urban areas of the Eastern and Central region Inequality in Household Consumption Table reports the Gini coefficients as a measure of inequality in household consumption per adult equivalent. Based on 2009/10, inequality of income as measured by the Gini coefficient stood at Decomposing by location, inequality was driven largely by urban areas. Inequality varies from a low of in Eastern region to a high of in Central region. Individuals in the Eastern region are least unequal, while the most unequal are in the Central region. Table 2.4.5: Gini Coefficients for Uganda Residence 1992/ / / /10 Rural/Urban Urban Rural Region Central Eastern Northern Western National Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 28

51 Since the distribution of income became less unequal between the 2002/03 and 2005/06 surveys, and growth in consumption was positive and strong, it is not surprising that poverty declined during the period Summary of Findings On average the period 2005/06 to 2009/10 recorded positive growth in per adult consumption although the growth was not as strong as that observed between 2002/03 and 2005/06. It is further observed that growth between the two recent surveys seems to have benefited more the affluent than the average Ugandans. While the proportion of people living in poverty significantly declined, the reduction in number of poor persons in absolute terms was not significant; and inequality of income worsened. In other words, while Uganda seems to have met the MGD 1 of halving income poverty target earlier than 2015, worsening distribution of income and high population growth if not addressed are likely to reverse the trends. 29

52 2.5 Health This section presents statistics on some of the key aspects of public health for the last five years ( ). The aspects covered in this section include status of health facilities and staffing levels, immunisation coverage, morbidity and selected health sector performance indicators Health Units The Health Facility Inventory is compiled by the Ministry of Health and collects information on Hospitals and Health Centres. Health Centres include Health Centre II, III and IV. The health facility inventory carried out in 2006 showed that a total of 113 hospitals were in place, and 59 of these were government hospitals, 46 were Private Not for Profit (PNFP) and 8 were owned by Private For Profit (PFP). Information for 2009 and 2010 shows that the total number of Hospitals has increased from 113 in 2006 to 131 in 2010 as shown in Table below. Table 2.5.1: Distribution of functional Health units by Type and Facility level Health Facility Level GOVT PNFP PFP Total GOVT PNFP PFP Total Hospital Health Centre IV Health centre III ,116 Health centre II 1, ,008 1, ,025 Total 2, ,237 2, ,450 Source: Ministry of Health Hospitals and Bed Capacity Hospitals in Uganda are categorised as Referral, Regional and General Hospitals. According to the Ministry of Health annual report The total number of hospitals is 131, there were 2 referral hospitals, 12 Regional hospitals owned by government and 117 general hospitals, Private Not For Profit (PNFP) and Private For Profit (PFP). Figure 2.5.1A below shows that about (48 percent) of the hospitals in the country are Government owned and 46 percent are PNFP units, and only 6 percent are Private For Profit. In terms of bed capacity, 55 percent of the hospital beds available are government owned, 43 percent are owned by Private Not For Profit (PNFP) and only 3 percent are Private For Profit as shown in figure 1. 30

53 Figure 2.5.1: Ownership of hospitals and hospital beds percentage, 2010 A: Hospitals Ownership % 48% 46% GOVT PNFP PFP Proportion of ownership B: Hospital Bed Ownership % 43% 3% GOVT PNFP PFP The Ministry of Health stipulates that steady availability of beds can result in speedy admissions for planned (elective) surgery, admission to appropriate wards (medical visa vis surgical, male visa vis female etc), timely admission of emergency patients, and transfers of existing inpatients between wards, which "may add a day to a patient s length of stay". Statistical Appendix Table 2.5B gives the number of hospital beds in General Hospitals by ownership status as of June Only the PFP owned hospitals in the districts of Kampala, Bushenyi and Mbarara were reported to have beds Immunisation Coverage Immunisation of children against diseases is essential in reducing infant and child mortality. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends that the newly borne should be vaccinated against all the vaccine-preventable diseases by the age of 12 months. The antigens given include; BCG (against tuberculosis), DPT-HepB-Hib (against Diphtheria, Pertusis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, Haemophilias influenzae), Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) against poliomyelitis and a measles vaccine. Information on routine immunisation coverage is collected by the Uganda National Expanded Programme on Immunisation (UNEPI) from all health facilities in the country. Figure presents the level of immunisation coverage during the last five years ( ) among children less than one year of age. Figure indicates that BCG vaccine has consistently been leading in coverage except in the year 2006 when measles vaccine took the lead. Statistical Appendix Tables 2.5C to 2.5F give detailed antigen specific immunisation rates for the various districts for the period 2006 to

54 Figure 2.5.2: Routine Immunisation percentage coverage in Uganda by year % 90% 80% 70% Annual Rates 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Years BCG DPT3 POLIO3 MEASLES TT2+PREG Morbidity Table shows that Malaria has been the highest ranked cause of morbidity in Uganda over the past five years, followed by Cough or Cold without pneumonia. The proportion of persons presenting intestinal worms, skin diseases and pneumonia causes of morbidity slightly increased in Table 2.5.2: Proportion of Cases among the leading Causes of Morbidity, Vaccine Malaria No Pneumonia- Cough or Cold Intestinal Worms Skin Diseases Pneumonia Others Source: Ministry of Health (HMIS) annual report 2010 Table shows that among the children under five years who were diagnosed in the year ending 2010, the leading causes of morbidity were Injuries other than road accidents (21 percent), Gastro- Intestinal Disorders (20 percent), Anaemia (18 percent) as well as oral diseases and conditions (18 percent). These collectively accounted for over 75 percent of childhood morbidity. Table also shows the percent distribution of non-communicable diseases among persons aged 5 years and above. Gastro-Intestinal Disorders (affecting 27 percent) ranks highest followed by injuries due to other causes other than road traffic accident, contributing 22 percent. 32

55 Table 2.5.3: Ranking of non-communicable diseases for persons by age groups for 2009/10 Ranking Under Five Years 5 Years and Above Diagnosis Name Percent Diagnosis Name Percent 1 Injuries = (Trauma due to Other Causes) 20.7 Gastro-Intestinal Disorders (Noninfective) Gastro-Intestinal Disorders (Noninfective) 20.0 Injuries = (Trauma due to Other Causes) Anaemia 18.0 Oral Diseases and Conditions Oral Diseases and Conditions 17.8 Epilepsy Severe Malnutrition (Marasmus, Kwashiorkor, Marasmic-kwash) 5.7 Hypertension Low Weight For Age 5.2 Asthma Epilepsy 4.3 Injuries - Road Traffic Accidents Injuries - Road Traffic Accidents 3.9 Anaemia Asthma 2.4 Diabetes Mellitus Other Cardiovascular Diseases 0.5 Anxiety Disorders 0.8 Source: Ministry of Health Health Sector performance indicators There are various indicators that are used by the Ministry of Health to measure the performance of the Health Sector. These include Outpatients Department utilisation in government and Private Not For Profit (PNFP) health units, pit latrine coverage, TB cases notified compared to expected and pregnant women who reported receiving a 2nd dose of Fansidar for Intermittent Presumptive Treatment (IPT) of malaria Out Patient Department Utilisation The government and PNFP OPD utilisation per person per year (OPD Per Capita) is among the Health Sector major indicators. It measures utilisation of health services in both government and PNFP health facilities and is used as the national proxy for access to health care services. It is expected that each individual should visit a health unit at least once in a year. During the year 2010 this indicator stood at 0.9; while it was 0.8 in the previous year Much as we notice an improvement it is still below the health sector target of 1. Details of the Districts performance can be seen in the Appendix Table 2.5G. Table 2.5.4: Outpatient Indicators Indicator Health Facilities reporting (%) OPD utilisation(opd Per Capita) Proportion of OPD new attendances Proportion of OPD of re-attendances Source: Ministry of Health 33

56 Pit Latrine Coverage Pit latrine coverage is used as a proxy to measure for access to appropriate sanitation facilities. The Pit Latrine Coverage at national level increased from 58 percent in 2007 to 68 percent in 2009 and in 2010 it increased to 69 percent as can be seen in Figure The Appendix Table 2.5H presents Pit Latrine Coverage at District level Deliveries in Health Facilities The Deliveries in Health Facilities indicator measures the proportion of births taking place in health facilities. Delivery in health facilities have continued to improve. In 2009, 34 percent of the deliveries were in health facilities. However in 2010, it dropped by one percentage point to 33 percent. (See Appendix Table 2.6 I) Other Health Sector Performance Indicators In addition to the above indicators, there are other indicators on the performance of the Health Sector. Appendix Table 2.6 J shows that slightly more than half (57 percent) of expected TB cases in Uganda were notified in 2009 and in the year 2010 the cases dropped to 55 percent. The proportion of pregnant women who reported receiving a 2nd dose of Fansidar for Intermittent Presumptive Treatment (IPT) of malaria has been increasing over time. In 2010, the proportion dropped to 40 percent compared to 43 percent reported in Appendix Table 2.5 J gives the status of the selected health sector performance indicators by district. Figure 2.5.4: Trend of Selected Health Sector Performance Indicators in percentage Pit Latrine coverage Deliveries in Health Facilities Proportion of TB cases notified compared to expected Pregnant Women receiving a 2nd dose for Fasider IPT HIV/Aids Service Availability

57 2.6 Crime This section covers statistics on various forms of crimes reported to the Uganda Police Force and traffic statistics such as road traffic accidents and their causes. Also included are Prison statistics such as information on offenders and convicts, among others Reported and investigated cases Between 2009 and 2010 there was a decline of 7 percent and 4 percent in the number of reported crimes and investigated cases respectively. The ratio of investigated cases to reported cases has continued to decline to 38 percent for 2010 compared to 36.9 percent in Serious crimes The Uganda Police Force classifies serious crimes to include aggravated robbery, defilement, murder, rape, burglary and child stealing. Table and Appendix Table 2.6 B indicate that defilement was the most common serious crime, accounting for over 46.7 percent of all the serious crimes in Table 2.6.1: Serious crimes reported, Serious Crimes Defilement 15,385 7,951 8,635 7,360 7,564 Murder 2,696 2,645 2,753 2,669 1,761 Burglary n.a 6,230 6,825 5,309 5,535 Rape , Aggravated Robbery 1,937 1,828 1,281 1, Child stealing n.a n.a Total 20,768 19,253 21,187 18,022 16,167 Source: Uganda Police Force Prisoners The Uganda Prisons Services has categorised these into two; that is, convicts and prisoners on remand. Table indicates an increase of 6 percent in the total number of prisoners between 2009 and The number of convicts increased by 12.0 percent over the same period. The table further indicates that 47 percent of the prisoners were convicted in Table 2.6.2: Number of prisoners, Category Percentage change (09-10) Convicted 8,151 7,645 7,934 13,819 15, Remand 10,984 11,189 12,000 17,128 17, Percentage of Convicted Total 19,135 18,834 19,934 30,947 32, Source: Uganda Prisons Services 35

58 2.6.4 Death in Prisons Table indicates a fluctuation in the total number of deaths that occurred in prisons across regions over the years. In 2010, Central region registered the highest percentage (48) of deaths in prison cells compared to deaths of 52 percent for the other three regions combined. See Appendix Table 2.6C for details on death in prisons. Table 2.6.3: Number of Deaths in prisons by region, Regions Central Eastern Northern Western National Source: Uganda Prisons Services Prison Capacity Table gives the existing prison occupancy rate by region. The table further reveals over crowding of prisons for all regions.overall, the occupancy rate was 26 percent, implying that there are approximately 3 prisoners for every space meant for one prisoner. The rate is highest in Central region (312 percent) and the lowest in Eastern region (171 percent). Table 2.6.4: Prison Capacity 2010 Region Prison Population Existing Prison Capacity Occupancy rate (percent) Central 14,314 4, Eastern 5,819 3, Northern 5,443 1, Western 7,352 2, National 32,929 12, Source: Uganda Prisons Services Traffic and Road safety Reported road traffic accidents. Table indicates that the number of road traffic accidents decline from 22,699 in 2009 to 22,461 in 2010, a decline of about 1 percent. The table further indicates that fatal accidents recorded the highest percentage change (10 percent) between 2009 and The number of minor road accidents registered a decline of 8 percent while the total and serious crimes increased by 5 and 10 percent respectively. 36

59 Table 2.6.5: Reported road traffic accidents Nature Killed Serious injury Minor injury Total 2006 Number 2,171 9,503 2,655 14,329 Percent Number 2,334 9,277 2,779 14,390 Percent Number 2,035 9,328 2,069 13,432 Percent Number 2,734 13,392 2,437 18,563 Percent Number 2,954 14,148 1,706 18,808 Percent Percentage 2009/ Source: Uganda Police Force Casualties of traffic accidents The number of traffic accident causalities increased by 1 percent in 2010 compared to Table indicates that serious injuries were the most common causalities in 2010, with 75 percent. Between 2008 and 2010, the total number of traffic casualties increased by 40 percent. Table 2.6.6: Casualties of road traffic accidents Nature Killed Serious injury Minor injury Total 2006 Number 2,171 9,503 2,655 14,329 Percent Number 2,334 9,277 2,779 14,390 Percent Number 2,035 9,328 2,069 13,432 Percent Number 2,734 13,392 2,437 18,563 Percent Number 2,954 14,148 1,706 18,808 Percent Percentage 2009/ (30) 1 Source: Uganda Police Force Persons killed by road user type Table shows that persons killed in road accidents increased by 8 percent in 2010 compared to Pedestrians constituted the highest percentage of persons killed (41 percent) while drivers were the least affected group, consisting of 4 percent in Between 2009 and 2010, motor cyclists registered the highest percentage increase (32 percent) of all persons killed by road user type. 37

60 Table 2.6.7: Persons killed by road user type Percentage Persons killed Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Change between 2009 and 2010 Drivers Motor cyclist Pedal cyclists Passengers Pedestrians , , Total 2, , , Source: Uganda Police Force Time of road accidents The highest number of road accidents (29 percent) occurred between 4:00pm-8:00pm for all road accident categories. The lowest occurrence was between 12:00 am and 4:00 am (5 percent). This was as a result of the less traffic activity at night as shown in figure below. Figure 2.6.2: Time and number of road accidents by category, 2010 Number of accidents Fatal Serious Minor 12:00 to 4:00am 4:00 to 8:00am 8:00 to 12:00pm 12:00 to 4:00pm 4:00 to 8:00pm Time of accident 8:00 to 12:00am Source: Uganda Police Force Types of Vehicles involved in road accidents Table indicates a small increase of 1 percent in the number of vehicles that were involved in road accidents between 2009 and Heavy omnibus vehicles registered the highest increase (11 percent) over the same period. A total of 34,412 vehicles were involved in road accidents during Over 34.3 percent of the vehicles involved in road accidents in 2010 were Motor cars, followed by 23.4 percent for motor cycles and light omnibuses (14.4 percent) These collectively accounted for over 70 percent of all vehicles involved in road accidents. 38

61 Table 2.6.8: Type of vehicles involved in road accidents, Type of Vehicle Percentage Change Motor cars 11,634 11, Motor cycles 7,575 8, Light Omnibus 4,708 4, Light goods vehicles 2,477 2, Pedal cycles 1,965 1, Dual-purpose vehicles 1,929 1, Medium goods vehicles 1,278 1, Trailers & Semi-Trailers Heavy Omnibus Heavy goods vehicles Medium Omnibus Fuel Truck Tractors Pedestrian Controlled Vehicles Engineering plant ,931 34, Source: Uganda Police Force Causes of road accidents Table below indicates that careless and reckless/ dangerous driving were the leading causes of road accidents in 2010, with 41.0 and 29.0 percent respectively. The table further indicates that dazzling lights by another vehicle as a cause of accidents had the highest percentage increase (34 percent) between 2009 and Table 2.6.9: Causes of road accidents, Causes of Accidents Percentage change Careless Driving 9,112 9, Reckless/Dangerous Driving 6,148 6, Over speeding Overloading/Dangerous Loading Under Influence of Drinks/Drugs Careless Pedestrian Passenger Falls from Vehicle Vehicle Mechanical Defects Dazzled by Lights of another vehicle Obstacle on carriage way Unknown cause (Hit & Run) 2,057 2, Other causes 1,122 1, Total 21,899 22,461 Source: Uganda Police Force,

62 2.6.7 Express Penalty Scheme About 212,000 tickets were sold on the Express Penalty Scheme in This indicates a drastic increase in the number of tickets sold (107 percent) between 2009 and Table further indicates an increase of 40 percent in the amount of money that was realised from the sale of tickets on the express penalty scheme. This increase was achieved as a result of the vigorous implementation of the Traffic Operational Policing Plan. Table : Tickets and amount paid on the express penalty scheme, Period Tickets issued Amount paid( 000) ,861 3,157, ,643 4,857, ,086 6,793,975 Percentage Change between 2009 and Source: Uganda Police Force 40

63 2.7 Community Statistics Introduction The Community Information System (CIS) is a government programme that has been established to generate information from households and communities on a regular basis. The information is used for planning, monitoring and evaluation of service delivery. The communities also use that information to demand for the services they need for poverty eradication Districts that are Implementing CIS To date, the programme has expanded to 49 districts distributed across the country with a plan to expand even further to cover the whole country. However, this goal cannot be achieved at a go. The implementation is, therefore done in a phased manner where new districts, five on average, are brought on board each financial year. Table 1 shows the composition of districts in each phase. The selection criteria is based on geographical location, level of development (best and worst), presence of Islands as part of the district, population size as per the 2002 Uganda Housing and population Census, UNICEF supported districts in the case of Lango sub-region, disaster prone districts, demand driven factors and promised co-financing by a district. Table 2.7.1: CIS Implementation Phases and District Composition per Phase Phase I (2006/07) Phase II (2007/08) Phase III (Consolidation phase 2009/10) Phase IV (20010/11) Bukedea, Kamwenge, Kumi, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Nebbi, Moroto Total = 8 Bukedea, Kamwenge, Kumi, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Nebbi, Adjumani, Moroto, Iganga, Mbale, Kalangala, Kiboga, Nakaseke, Buliisa, Kiruhura, Bushenyi, Ntungamo and Kabale Total = 19 Bukedea, Kamwenge, Kumi, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Nebbi, Adjumani, Moroto, Iganga, Mbale, Kalangala, Kiboga, Nakaseke, Buliisa, Kiruhura, Bushenyi, Ntungamo, Kabale, Gulu, Busia, Wakiso, Rakai, Lira, Apac, Oyam, Dokolo, Amolatar Bukedea, Kamwenge, Kumi, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Nebbi, Adjumani, Moroto, Iganga, Mbale, Kalangala, Kiboga, Nakaseke, Buliisa, Kiruhura, Bushenyi, Ntungamo, Kabale, Gulu, Busia, Wakiso, Rakai, Lira, Apac, Oyam, Dokolo, Amolatar, Buhweju, Sheema, Rubirizi, Mitooma, Kalungu, Bukomansimbi, Lwengo, Ngoro, Napak, Zombo, Otuke, Alebtong, Kiryandongo, Kole, Kyankwanzi, Luuka, Kayunga, Arua, Manafwa, Abim, Kanungu Total = 28 Total = Households Owning Assets Mitooma district had the highest proportion of households owning land and houses (98.0 percent and 98.6 percent respectively). Kalangala district had the lowest proportion of households owning land (11.6 percent) while Wakiso had the least proportion owning houses (57.6 percent). Amolatar had the highest proportion of households owning bicycles (74.1 percent) and the lowest proportion was in Moroto (7.3 percent). The highest proportion of households owning radios was in Ntungamo District ( 85.9 percent) and the lowest was in Napak district (12.8 percent).wakiso district had the highest proportion of households owning telephones (66.1 percent) and the lowest was in Napak district (4.5 percent). Appendix Table 4.1 presents the results at sub- county level. 41

64 Table 2.7.2: Proportion of Households Owning Assets, 2009 District Number of Households Land House Bicycle Radio Telephone (CIS ) Adjumani 22, Alebtong 37, Amolatar 21, Apac 53, Buhweju 10, Bukedea 26, Bukomansimbi 26, Buliisa 12, Bushenyi 29, Busia 47, Dokolo 29, Gulu 29, Iganga 57, Kabale 85, Kalangala 9, Kalungu 34, Kamwenge 54, Kiboga 24, Kiruhura 38, Kiryandongo 20, Kole 39, Kumi 27, Kyankwanzi 27, Lira 59, Luuka 40, Lwengo 58, Masaka 54, Masindi 43, Mayuge 62, Mbale 63, Mitooma 23, Moroto 18, Nakaseke 23, Napak 22, Nebbi 55, Ngora 17, Ntungamo 55, Otuke 14, Oyam 59, Rakai 77, Rubirizi 20, Sheema 19, Wakiso 122, Zombo 37, Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 42

65 3 Production Statistics 3.1 Agriculture and Fisheries This section presents statistics on cash crop production, food crop production, livestock and fish catch. Although the contribution of agriculture to total GDP has been declining over the years, the sector has continued to dominate the Ugandan economy. It contributed approximately 21 percent of the Gross Domestic Product in 2010 at current prices and about 46 percent to the total export earnings in Furthermore, 65.6 percent of the working population is employed in the agriculture, forestry and fishing Industry Cash Crops Statistical Appendix Table 3.1A gives procurement data on traditional cash crops for the period There was an overall 14.3 percent decline in the quantity of coffee procured in 2010 due to a big decline (20.5 percent) in the procurement of Robusta Coffee which is more grown than arabica coffee. It is worth noting that in the case of coffee, quantities procured are used as a proxy to production. Coffee still has the highest share of export earnings (see figure 3.1.1). Tea and Tobacco registered increments of 1.1 and 46.5 percentage points respectively in 2010 from The detail is shown in table 3.1A. Figure 3.1.1: Procurement of main export cash crops, 2009 and , , ,952 Volume (tonnes) 150, ,000 50,000 48,663 49,182 18,846 27,615 0 Coffee Tea Tobacco Cash Crops

66 3.1.2 Food Crops Uganda Bureau of Statistics in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) conducted the Uganda Census of Agriculture (UCA) in the second season of 2008 and the first season of Therefore, 2009 food crop data has been projected basing on the Census results (Statistical Appendix Table 3.2C and Table 3.2D). Results from the UCA 2008/09 show that the Eastern region was the biggest producer of Finger millet with 106,838 tonnes, Maize (1,108,554 tonnes), Rice (128,195 tonnes), Sweet potatoes (847,140 tonnes) and Cassava (1,061,186 tonnes). The Northern region led in the production of Sorghum (177,088 tonnes), Field peas (10,428 tonnes), Pigeon peas (11,031 tonnes), Groundnuts (83,182 tonnes), Soya beans (15,727 tonnes) and Simsim (93,562 tonnes) while the Western region led in the production of all types of Bananas (2,883,648 tonnes) and Beans (411,945 tonnes) In terms of districts and within regions, the highest plantain banana production in the country was reported in the district of Isingiro with 601,363 tonnes. The districts with the highest production of plantain banana in the Central, Eastern, Northern and Western regions were Mubende (204,109 tonnes), Mbale (99,011 tonnes), Arua (17,106 tonnes) and Isingiro (601,363 tonnes) respectively. The highest maize production in the country was reported in the district of Iganga with 303,262 tonnes. The districts with the highest production of maize in the Central, Eastern, Northern and Western regions were Mubende (171,089 tonnes), Iganga (303,262 tonnes), Adjumani (47,264 tonnes) and Kabarole (91,318 tonnes) respectively. The highest sweet potatoes production in the country was reported in the district of Iganga with 270,853 tonnes. The districts with the highest production of sweet potatoes in the Central, Eastern, Northern and Western regions were Nakasongola (66,419 tonnes), Iganga (270,853 tonnes), Gulu (61,732 tonnes) and Kyenjojo (40,148 tonnes) respectively. The highest cassava production in the country was reported in the district of Apac with 239,932 tonnes. The districts with the highest production of cassava in the Central, Eastern, Northern and Western regions were Masaka (64,965 tonnes), Tororo (174,962 tonnes), Apac (239,932 tonnes) and Hoima (60,932 tonnes) respectively. Ntungamo district with 137,899 tonnes reported the highest beans production in the country. The districts with the highest production of beans in the Central, Eastern, Northern and Western regions were Mubende (78,027 tonnes), Mbale (23,637 tonnes), Amuru (74,671 tonnes) and Ntungamo (137,899 tonnes) respectively. The highest groundnuts production in the country was reported in the district of Soroti with 19,599 tonnes. The districts with the highest production of groundnuts in the Central, Eastern, Northern and Western regions were Nakasongola (19,183 tonnes), Soroti (19,599 tonnes), Amuru (14,375 tonnes) and Kibaale (12,473 tonnes) as shown in Appendix Table 3.2 B. 44

67 Table 3.1.1: Crop Area and Production by region, UCA 2008/09 Root crops Plantain Finger Sweet Irish bananas millet Maize Sorghum Rice potatoes Potatoes Cassava Area Planted (hectares) Central 326,082 5, ,135 2,261 2,637 98,054 4, ,788 Eastern 69,504 86, , ,645 36, ,948 1, ,387 Northern 9, , , ,330 25,912 60, ,886 Western 511,096 51, ,583 46,016 10, ,681 26, ,328 Production ('tonnes) Central 1,039,837 13, ,859 2,678 2, ,402 13, ,812 Eastern 342, ,838 1,108, , , ,140 4,624 1,061,186 Northern 31,626 78, , ,088 43, ,932 1, ,124 Western 2,883,648 77, ,745 62,716 16, , , ,189 Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics and MAAIF (Uganda Census of Agriculture) Projections for 2010 crop production indicated that the tonnage for the different crops increased from 2009 except for pigeon peas as seen in Table Table 3.1.2: Crop production (000 tonnes), 2008/09 to 2010 Crop UCA 2008/ Maize 2,362 2,355 2,374 Millet Sorghum Rice Beans Field Peas Cow peas Pigeon Peas Gnuts Simsim Soya Beans Banana (all type) 4,300 4,522 4,594 Cassava 2,894 2,952 3,017 S/potatoes 1,819 1,943 1,987 Irish Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics and MAAIF Fish catch by water body Open water covers 15.3 percent of Uganda s surface and this comprises five major lakes (Victoria, Albert, Kyoga, Edward and George) which are the main contributors to fish catch in the country. The statistical table 3.1 D provides data on fish catch by water body for the period 2006 to Lake Victoria is the largest water body by size in Uganda and remains the biggest contributor to total fish catch. Its share of catch was 60.4 percent in 2009 and 57.7 percent in The catch share of Lake Victoria was followed by lake Kyoga then Lake Albert in both 2009 and 2010 as shown in figure and respectively. 45

68 Generally, the small increment in fish catch was mainly due to inadequate capacity of Beach Management Units (BMUs) in fisheries management, resurgence of the water hyacinth and the emergence of new water weeds, lack of species-specific management plans, use of in appropriate fishing gears. Figure 3.1.2: Proportion of fish catch by water body, 2009 Victoria 60.4% Albert 15.4% Kyoga 16.4% Others 7.9% Figure 3.1.3: Proportion of fish catch by water body, 2010 Victoria 57.7% Albert 15.8% Kyoga 18.3% Others 8.1% Livestock The number of livestock/poultry increased by 3 percent. Similar to the period , livestock/poultry numbers increased between 2009 and 2010 by about 3 percent. These increments were attributed to the steady efforts to control animal diseases and improvement in the livestock production systems as a result of routine livestock extension interventions. Figure shows how the number of livestock between 2008 and The detail data on livestock numbers by type is provided in appendix table 3.1E. 46

69 Figure 3.1.4: Numbers of Livestock for Numbers ('000s) 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5, ,409 11,751 12,104 3,410 3,513 3,621 12,450 12,823 13,208 3,184 3,280 3,378 37,434 38,557 Cattle Sheep Goats Pigs Poultry Region 39, Production of Milk and Beef ( ) This sub-section presents production data on beef, milk and eggs based on Uganda Livestock Census 2008/09 adjustment. The production of milk in 2010 was estimated to be 1,377 million litres, representing an increment of 3.0 percent from In 2008/09, the same percentage increase was registered as shown in figure 3.2.5a Figure 3.1.5a: Milk Production Trend Milk Production (000,000 ltrs) 1,400 1,350 1,300 1,250 1,200 1,150 1, est Years Beef production in 2010 was estimated to be 180,300 tonnes, representing an increment of about 3.0 percent compared to 2009 as shown in Figure 3.1.5b. 47

70 Figure 3.1.5b: Beef Production 185, ,000 Metric tonnes 175, , , , , est Year 48

71 3.2 Industry Index of Production (Manufacturing) The Index of Production (IoP) measures monthly trends in the volume of production of the manufacturing sector in the country. The index is computed using mainly deflated sales values to measure change in production. In addition procured quantities from relevant authorities are used as a proxy for produced quantities to estimate processing of agricultural products. The establishments covered are those employing five or more persons and located largely in the industrial belt of the country. These include Kasese, Bushenyi, Mbarara, Masaka, Wakiso, Kampala, Mukono, Jinja, Bugiri, Tororo and Mbale Districts. A few establishments in the districts of Hoima and Masindi are also covered. The All Items index increased by 3 percent in This was largely due to an increase in production of mainly Bricks and Cement as well as Drinks and Tobacco by 25.9 and 7.7 percent respectively (Appendix Table 3.2 A) Table 3.2.1: Index of Production, Annual Group Summary, (Base 2002 = 100) Description Wt Food Processing Drinks and Tobacco Textiles, Clothing and Footwear Sawmilling, Paper and Printing Chemical, Paint, Soap and Foam Products Bricks and Cement Metal Products Miscellaneous Total manufacturing (All Items) 1, Percentage Change Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 49

72 3.3 Energy Introduction The dominant and locally produced traditional energy sources are fuel wood and charcoal while the conventional sources include petroleum products and electricity which is either hydro or thermal. Data collected on petroleum products includes sales and imports, and the data collected on electricity includes installed capacity, trends of generation, tariff rates, consumption and the number of customers by category connected to the grid Petroleum Products Sales Petroleum products include Aviation Fuel, Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG), Diesel, Kerosene, Petrol and Fuel Oil. Sales of Kerosene, Petrol and Diesel increased steadily, while LPG sales dropped by 9 percent as shown in Figure below.. Figure 3.3.1: Sales of Selected Petroleum Products, , , ,000 Cubic Meters 400, , , , Years Petrol Kerosene Diesel LPG Source: Petroleum Supplies Department, Ministry of Energy and Minerals Development Electricity Electricity is produced from both thermal and hydro plants. The total installed capacity of electric power plants that feed into the national grid increased by 9 percent from 492 Mega Watts (MW) in 2009 to MW in Table 3.4 C: in Appendix shows that the increase in the overall installed capacity was due to additional installation capacities at Mpanga and Ishasha (hydro plants) totalling to 24.5 MW and by Electromax (thermal plant) of 20 MW Trend of Electricity Purchases by UETCL Electricity purchases by UETCL from both the main hydro plant and the thermal plants that supply power to the main grid was 2,819 GWh in 2010 compared to 2,533 GWh in This represents a 11.3 percent increase in power purchase in 2010 by the Transmission Company Table 3.3.1: Installed electricity capacity (MW), 2010 Plant Name Total Installed Hydro electricity Thermal Electricity Bagasse Electricity Note: Electromax Plant started operating in January 2010 Source: Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited 50

73 Figure 3.3.4: Trend of Electricity Purchases in GWh, 2006 to Number of active customers by tariff category, The individual tarrif category registered the highest (62 percent) increase in number of customers as shown in the Appendix Table 3.5E. The number of consumers in the domestic tariff category increased by approximately 19 per cent in 2010 as compared to 6 per cent increase in Table below shows a general increase in consumers of all tariff types, with significant increase in the Large Industrial category. Street lighting has had a persistent decline over the period. Table 3.3.5: Percentage change in number of active customers by tariff category, Category Domestic (Small General) Commercial (Small General Service) Industrial (Large Industrial) General (Medium Industrial) Street Lighting Source: UMEME Limited Energy tariffs The distribution tariffs also referred to as end user retail tariffs charged by distribution company, Umeme Limited, are categorised under five categories; Domestic, Commercial, Medium industrial, Large Industrial and Street lighting. Energy tariff rates remained relatively stable in and also 2009/2010 for all categories as shown in Table 3.3.6: 51

74 Table 3.3.6: Energy Tariff Rates Shs per KWh Category / Domestic Commercial Medium Industrial Large Industrial Street lighting Percentage Change Domestic 42.9% 0.0% -9.5% 0.0% commercial 39.1% 0.0% -10.1% 0.0% Medium Industrial 41.3% 0.0% -9.9% 0.0% Large Industrial 55.0% 0.0% -1.3% 0.0% Street lighting 42.5% 0.0% -9.5% 0.0% Source: Umeme Limited 52

75 3.4 Building Statistics Cement Consumption This section presents data on imports, local production, exports and net domestic consumption of cement in the economy for the period 2006 to Total net domestic consumption of cement rose from 1,337,846 tonnes in 2009 to 1,488,893 tonnes in 2010 reflecting an increase of approximately 11 percent over the period as shown in Table below. This was caused by an increase in local production of approximately 16 percent and a reduction in exports of approximately 7 percent. Table 3.4.1: Imports, Production, Exports and Net Consumption of Cement, Imports 271, , , , ,284 Local Production 857, ,807 1,193,361 1,162,241 1,347,327 Exports 38, , , , ,718 Net Domestic Supply 1,090,154 1,190,682 1,151,900 1,337,846 1,488,893 % Change in Domestic Supply Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics 53

76 3.5 Transport and Communication Transport Statistics Transport statistics cover information on roads, water, rail and air transport Road Transport The road transport sector has over the years recorded tremendous growth in the number of vehicles registered. The table below shows that although the number of registered vehicles has been increasing over the years since 2006, this trend reversed in 2009 with approximately a 1 percent decrease in newly registered vehicles. However, the number of newly registered vehicles increased by 2 percent in 2010 justifying the increased petrol and diesel consumption explained in section 3.3 Table 3.5.1: Newly registered motor vehicles, Category Newly Registered 61,623 79, , , ,224 Percent Change (1) 2 Source: Uganda Revenue Authority (URA) Air Transport Figure below shows the trend of cargo (imports and exports) cleared through Entebbe International Airport. Imports of goods through the airport increased by 7 percent while exports declined by 15 percent. Figure 3.5.1: Volume of Cargo through Entebbe International Airport,

77 Figure below shows that commercial aircraft movement through the Entebbe International Airport increased by 7.9 percent while over flights increased by 10.1 percent as shown in Appendix Table 3.5C. Figure 3.5.2: Commercial Aircraft Movement at Entebbe International Airport, Communication statistics Telephone usage The Telecommunications sub-sector continued to experience substantial increases in the number of both cellular and fixed telephone subscribers. The number of subscribers increased by 37 percent in 2010 due to tarrif reductions and increased area coverage by Warid and Orange (U) telecommunication companies. This resulted in a teledensity of 41.4 percent (41.4 lines per 100 persons). Total telephone connections rose by 3,538,111 new subscribers in 2010 compared to 893,922 new subscribers in 2009 translating into 37 percent and 40 percent increase in mobile and fixed connections during the year. (See statistical appendix table 3.5A). A growth of 40.5 percent was recorded in 2010 in regard to total volume of talk time traffic as shown in Table 3.5 E. The growth in talk time traffic was as a result of increased service penetration and usage resulting from increased promotions and introduction of unlimited calling pricing schemes. Outgoing international price talk time traffic also grew by 7.4 percent from 121 million minutes in 2009 to 130 million minutes in

78 Table : Telephone Subscribers and talk time, Service Subscribers 2,827,479 5,329,202 8,723,345 9,617,267 13,155,378 Fixed Telephone 129, , , , ,114 Cellular Phone 2,697,616 5,163,414 8,554,864 9,383,734 12,828,264 Teledensity (lines per 100 persons) Talk time (traffic, million minutes) 2,307 3,005 4,269 7,147 10,038 of which International Source: Uganda Communications Commission Call tariffs Increased competition in the sector coupled with falling wholesale bandwidth prices in the sector have resulted in general price reductions in both the domestic and international voice markets. By the end of the year 2010, the average domestic call rate had dropped to an average of 3 shillings per second (180 shillings per minute) from the 392 shillings off net average at the end of In the international segment, the average per minute call rate for international calls had dropped to 250 shillings from the 400 shillings average per minute at the end of Table 3.5.3: Call tariff averages call tariff averages per minute Jun-07 Jun-08 Jun-09 Jun-10 Dec-10 On-net Off-net Source: Uganda Communications Commission Internet Market The emerging importance of mobile wireless internet accounts continued with an estimated 510,000 wireless accounts and 31,000 fixed internet accounts at the end of This was primarily due to falling prices as well as promotions of modems, laptops and data enabled handsets in addition the entry of new service providers such as Foris telecom, Maisha and Roke Telecom. Overall, a 59.1 percent growth was realized in the number of internet subscribers. Mobile internet subscribers grew by 64 percent in 2010 while fixed internet subscription increased by 3 percent. The estimated number of internet users in 2010 was 4 million with the majority accessing the internet through shared mediums such as places of work, education institutions and public cafes. Table 3.5.4: Internet Users and subscribers, subscribers & users Fixed internet subscribers 15,000 15,500 22,000 30,000 31,000 Mobile wireless internet subscriptions n.a n.a 214, , ,000 Estimated internet users ('000) 1,600 2,000 2,500 3,000 4,000 Source: Uganda Communications Commission International Bandwidth By the end of 2010, total international bandwidth stood at 7,727 mbps compared to 2,020 mbps at the end of (See Table 3.9.5). This was attributed to continued growth in international bandwidth in the country following the stabilisation of SEACOM and the launch of EASSy under-sea cable systems. 56

79 Table 3.5.5: Band width (Mbps), Band Uplink ,119.0 Downlink , ,608.0 Total , ,727.0 Source: Uganda Communications Commission Postal and Courier services The volume of letters handled by Posta Uganda service decreased by 49 percent from 4,728,394 in 2009 to 2,412, 631 in Ordinary parcels posted and received from abroad decreased by 89 percent and 2 percent respectively. EMS items posted increased by 15 percent while those received decreased by 2 percent. (See Statistical Appendix Table 3.5 B). 57

80 3.6 Migration and Tourism This section presents a summary of migration statistics which cover movements of persons with valid travel documents to and from Uganda through gazetted points of entry and exit. It also includes statistics on hotel occupancy levels for some major hotels and other accommodation establishments as well as visitors to national parks in Uganda Arrivals The country recorded a 16.4 percent increase in total arrivals in 2010 (See Statistical Appendix Table 3.6A) Figure 3.6.1: Total Arrivals and Departures 000 ( ) Departures Travelers leaving the country increased by 10.4 percent in 2010 compared to 2009 whereas a decline of 6.2 percent was recorded in 2009 as shown in figure above Net Migration 000 ( ) Table illustrates that total annual arrivals exceeded total annual departures marginally during the period under review, with the highest net migration registered in Table 3.6.1: Arrivals, Departures and Net Migration 000 ( ) Period Arrivals Departures Net migration ,163 1, ,095 1, ,275 1, Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Uganda Bureau of Statistics 58

81 3.6.4 Tourist arrivals in Uganda Non-resident tourist arrivals increased by 17.3 percent while resident tourist arrivals increased by 14.1 percent in Majority (58.2 percent) of the non-resident tourists were visiting friends and relatives as shown in figure Figure Total Resident and Non resident Visitor Arrivals in Uganda (000 s) Figure 3.6.3: Percentage of Non residents Tourists arrivals by purpose of visit Figure shows that non-residents tourist arrivals through Entebbe Airport increased significantly in 2008 and 2010 (See Statistical Appendix Table 3.6D). Figure 3.6.4: Non resident Tourist arrival through Entebbe Airport (000 s) 59