Protection in many forms is provided for a wide range of industries, including the manufacture of toys.

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1 2004. Lloyd s provided $1.7 million in insurance for ten elephants taking a 36 - hour transatlantic flight. They were covered against all risks of mortality but, thanks to sound planning and risk management, there was no claim. Lloyd s underwrote the first space risk in By 2000, premiums totaled 270 million for space and satellite risks with many satellites have, since the 1960s, carried coverage from Lloyd s A $200 million reinsurance policy placed at Lloyd s covers Russian space authorities against the risks during the de-orbiting of Space Station Mir.

2 Protection in many forms is provided for a wide range of industries, including the manufacture of toys. The double plate block number on this 2002 block of teddy bears indicates it comes from a miscut sheet. Insurance from Lloyd s protects some parts of our health care system: from doctors and hospitals to pharmaceutical firms. Manufacturers of food, beverages, and over-thecounter medications may carry product liability insurance to help cover the costs of a product recall. Huge energy projects, like oil sands extraction and offshore exploration, challenge the global market s ability to provide insurance. A new Fireworks Event insurance product was launched in It includes property damage and public liability coverage for events with up to 1,000 attendees. Tailored to budget-conscious community events, this product can be purchased online by event organizers.

3 War and Terrorism War insurers at Lloyd s maintain a rating system that determines the ability of goods to move in troubled corners of the world. In recent decades war insurance increasingly has dealt with acts of destruction neither initiated nor sanctioned by governments terrorism Swissair plane crash-landed near Würenlingen, Switzerland, following a midair explosion of PLO terrorist bomb. In all, 145 kgs of mail was salvaged from the downed plane. This example bears the special French-language crash cachet applied at Zürich post office Lloyd s underwriters paid about 20% of the $50 billion in insurance claims generated by the terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre The Joint War Committee at Lloyd s removed the Malacca Straits from its list of areas at high risk for piracy and terrorism following an improvement in security. A set of eight less-than-legitimate stamps issued a half-century earlier by a rebel Indonesian government in the South Malukus remind us that this region has been troubled for some time.

4 Globalization has changed the landscape for terrorism insurance. The 9/11 losses for the Disney Company produced one of the most complex claims ever for loss of business. Disney s losses included both the main and backup broadcasting towers for WABC in New York, stranded travelers at theme parks and on its cruise line, and lost revenues from the cancellation of baseball and golf events scheduled to be broadcast. After 9/11, insurance for war and terrorism became somewhat separated, with terrorism insurance much more difficult to find. Today, even years later, it remains almost impossible to purchase coverage for chemical, radiological, or biological terror.

5 but Weird is still part of it Though eliminating gambling policies was a key motivation for creating New Lloyd s, it was only partially successful. One 1813 policy would have paid 100 on the death or arrest of Napoleon. TV s Who Wants to be a Millionaire insures through Lloyd's against having to pay major prizes. Lloyd's has insured a whiskey distiller s nose. This unused Old Crow whiskey label from the early 1900's incorporates a bond tax paid strip stamp.

6 Makers of Cutty Sark Whisky insured against anyone capturing the Loch Ness Monster alive and collecting a 1m prize. When a merchant navy officer wanted to sail the English Channel in a bathtub, Lloyd's underwriters insured it on one condition. The tub s plug had to remain in place the entire trip! Lloyd s has seen an upsurge in people taking out insurance on their weddings. They don t pay if the bride or groom fails to show up, but they will pay for cancellation by the planned venue. Princess Diana s wedding was insured at Lloyd s for 22m. A nature photographer was at one time in such constant danger of being bitten by the cobras that he was heavily insured at Lloyd s against dying from a cobra s bite.

7 An actor turned professional Santa has for a decade insured his beard at Lloyd s A grain of rice engraved with a portrait of the Royal couple has been insured at Lloyd s against theft or accidental cookery. Types I and II 1991 U.S. Christmas stamps (above) are distinguished by the amount of brick showing at the upper left of the chimney. Some 40,000 people have insured at Lloyd s against their houses being haunted by ghosts. Hole-in-one insurance is available to cover prizes up to $50,000. The premium varies from event to event, depending on the number of players, the hole yardage and the prize.

8 9. Some Things Could Not be Insured at Lloyd s Though Lloyd s refused to insure the 1927 transatlantic flight of Charles Lindbergh, the kidnapping of the Lindberghs' baby in 1932 inspired the development at Lloyd s of Kidnap and Ransom Insurance. Swedish postal stationery and postmark celebrate Lindbergh s crossing, but its stamp impression shows a Junkers F13 as it appeared in lilac in the 1972 Mail Planes Booklet In 1935 the Daily Mirror reported that an attempt to insure the life of Mickey Mouse for a million pounds had been refused by Lloyd s on the grounds Mickey is immortal.

9 Protection cannot be purchased against financial loss in the event of a labour strike. Malawi airmail cover (right) bears dual currency stamp overprinted for airmail rate to Britain. Other markings include those indicating private mail service handling during British postal strike of The kits for ultralight aircraft, like the one in which singer John Denver died, have normally not been insurable. Their makers go without product liability insurance

10 According to Isaac Asimov, Stanley Kubrick wanted insurance from Lloyd's against the discovery of extraterrestrial intelligence before 2001: A Space Odyssey was released. When asked to insure a treasure of gold, Lloyd s investigated further. It turns out the gold was to be located by following a map to the treasure of Jesse James train robber. Lloyd s declined.

11 10 Lloyd s Contributions & Lloyd s Medals The idea developed early that Lloyd s had an obligation to those who risked their lives aboard ships. In 1782 members of Lloyd s raised 2,000 for survivors of those lost aboard the Royal George. Sir Frances Baring of banking fame was a founding member of Lloyd s Patriotic Fund established in 1803 and served as chairman from Cover (above) bears forwarding mark from Baring Brothers, manuscript rate change from 1/3 to 9d, Paid to Destination oval, CDS from Lombard Street, and arrival markings from Brussels. Captain Wyeth of the Seringapatam used a revolver to regain the loyalty of his crew after encountering difficult weather. He delivered his cargo safely and was awarded a gold chronometer and three hundred guineas by Lloyd s underwriters.

12 Mr. Henry Greathead s design for a 30-foot cork-lined craft, which won a competition held in 1789 to select the best design for an unsinkable boat, had been vetted and supported by two Lloyd s underwriters. Lloyd s subscribers later set aside 2000 as grants for the encouragement of life-boats [on] the coasts of the three kingdoms. Their funds were used to match amounts raised locally.

13 No official awards system existed for acts of gallantry by British sailors during the Napoleonic War. Lloyd s established a privately funded system which made presentations to officers and men of the British forces. After Nelson s victory in the Battle of the Nile, over 38,000 was raised at Lloyd s. On October 6, 1798, John Julius Angerstein called on the Postmaster General to request that the committee might be permitted to frank their letters to various parts of the country in the same manner as subscriptions.. in the victories by Howe, Jervis, and Duncan. Nelson himself was voted 500. His Nile Dinner Service was later augmented with a similar gift from the Lloyd s fund following the 1801 Battle of Copenhagen.

14 Angerstein s other great interest was painting. Thirty-eight items from his estate became the nucleus of the National Gallery which continued to be popularly known as the Angerstein Gallery for at least a decade. Three British booklets covers show various views of the present-day National Gallery. Several of the 38 works have found their way onto postage stamps issues of the world. One example (above) is Venus and Adonis from the studio of Titian. At least six other nations have issued stamps showing Rembrandt s The Adoration of the Shepherds since New Zealand s 1960 issue. Background photo National Gallery, London Antigua 1991 set of Rubens paintings included three separate images from Rape of the Sabine Women. Portrait of Pope Julius II, included in the Virgin Islands commemoration of work by Titian, actually was painted by Raphael!

15 Lloyd s Medals Lloyd s medals are another enduring example of the strong tie between Lloyd s and mariners. It was first introduced for saving life at sea with later medals added for Gallantry at Sea and for Meritorious Service to Lloyd s. The Widgeon (1837) is shown in the background of this Rwanda stamp, behind the tug Goliath. Minutes of Lloyd s General Meeting Book in 1842 record one Silver Medal and six Bronze medals were awarded to the second mate and crew of the Widgeon for saving the crew of the Minerva near Calais. In the face of world war, the men at Lloyd s adopted the ship and crew of the H.M.S. Implacable. After consulting with the ship s captain to figure out how to spend the larger-than-anticipated donations, the crew was provided with books as well as a range of goods that seems to have gone well beyond necessities. Military mail bearing both manuscript on active service and handstamp indicating its origin from H.M. Ship. Return address markings on the reverse indicate its origin as the Implacable When the Ethie ran aground, historians credit a Newfoundland named Tang for saving the entire crew. The massive dog is said to have jumped into the sea and swum to shore with the ship's rope in his mouth. People on the beach secured the line and used it to bring all 92 crewmembers to safety. Historians say the dog received a medal for bravery from Lloyd s, which he wore for the rest of his life. Punched plate proof block of four

16 Military mail (left) from Cairo uses an Empress of Australia memogram that has censor marking and a freehand free frank in the design of a ship. Postal card (below) shows funds still being raised to assist earthquake victims years after the 1923 event. On September 1, 1923, the 23,000 ton Empress of Australia was flung violently from side to side in Yokohama harbour by one of the worst earthquakes in recorded history. A drifting ship collided with her. Fires started on the docks and were spreading rapidly. Despite the fires, rescue parties formed by crew and passengers took aboard more than 2000 refugees. Among numerous awards recognizing the actions of Captain Robinson was the Lloyd s Silver Medal.