Triple Bottom Line Assessment of Single-use Disposable Plastic Cutlery

Transcription

1 Triple Bottom Line Assessment of Single-use Disposable Plastic Cutlery Aswitha Kadekar Demonstration of Professional Competence PSPD Sustainable Environmental Systems SPRING-SUMMER 2017

2 Overview P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t - C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n - C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m I N T R O D U C T I O N - L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y I S S U E S - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s - E c o n o m i c I s s u e s - H e a l t h I s s u e s A N A L Y S I S - P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s - E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s - H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S - S t e p s F o r C l i e n t - S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s

3 Problem statement WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS OF SINGLE USE DISPOSABLE CUTLERY ON THE ENVIRONMENT? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT MATERIAL ALTERNATIVES AVAILABLE AND HOW BENEFICIAL ARE THEY? HOW CAN WE MAKE OUR FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY SUSTAINABLE? Image: Google Gallery

4 Plastic Pollution Coalition is a growing global alliance of organizations, businesses, and thought leaders working toward a world free of plastic pollution and its toxic impact on humans, animals, and the environment. Image: Plastic Pollution Coalition Gallery

5 California Recycling Program MATERIAL CLASSES IN CALIFORNIA S OVERALL DISPOSED WASTE STREAM Overall Disposal Of Plastics (General): 13% Plastic 10.4% 3,215,943 PETE Containers 0.6% 197,202 HDPE Containers 0.5% 139,189 Misc. Plastic Containers 0.6% 173,738 Plastic Trash Bags 1.2% 383,130 Film Products 0.2% 73,394 Durable Plastic Items 2.2% 682,812 Remainder/Composite Plastic 2.5% 782,415 Inerts & Other19.9% HHW 0.40% Special Waste 5.00% Mixed Residue 3.00% Paper 17.4% Glass 2.50% Metal Electronics 3.10% 0.9% Plastic Other Organic 10.4% 37.4% Source:

6 Overview P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t - C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n - C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m I N T R O D U C T I O N - L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y I S S U E S - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s - E c o n o m i c I s s u e s - H e a l t h I s s u e s A N A L Y S I S - P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s - E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s - H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S - S t e p s F o r C l i e n t - S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s

7 Where does our cutlery go? Source:

8 Overview P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t - C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n - C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m I N T R O D U C T I O N - L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y I S S U E S - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s - E c o n o m i c I s s u e s - H e a l t h I s s u e s A N A LY S I S - P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s - E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s - H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s R E C O M M E N D AT I O N S - S t e p s F o r C l i e n t - S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s

9 Light polymer structure makes regrinding and molding into PS components difficult without degradation. PS comes to recycling with the most contaminated resin (food contact, toxins and organics). Long-term exposure by has shown brain and nervous system effects and adverse effects on red blood cells, liver, kidneys, and stomach. Restaurants look into the easily available and cheaper option. Consumers attitude towards recycling seems to end at discarding the cutlery in the recycling bin. Lack of awareness of other alternatives. Source: Gourmelon, A. Effect of H on the Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Fe. Mem. Sci. Rev. Metall (1975): North, Emily J., and Rolf U. Halden. Plastics and Environmental Health: The Road Ahead. Reviews on environmental health. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Web. 03 July 2017.

10 Overview P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t - C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n - C a l i f o r n i a O v e r a l l D i s p o s a l S y s t e m I N T R O D U C T I O N - L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y - P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n I S S U E S - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s - E c o n o m i c I s s u e s - H e a l t h I s s u e s A N A LY S I S - P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s - E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s - H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s R E C O M M E N D AT I O N S - S t e p s F o r C l i e n t - S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s

11 PLASTIC SPOON Company: Prolon Manufacturing Location: Colorado, USA (Base: Port Gibson, MI) Composition: Polystyrene (PS) Quantity: 1 Spoon (Weight: 1.8g) Source: Biodegradable Compostable Recycling BIO-PLASTIC SPOON Company: World Centric Location: California, USA (Base: China) Composition: Polylactic acid + Talc (TPLA) Quantity: 1 Spoon (Weight: 5.5g) Source: WOODEN SPOON Company: Aspenware Location: Canada(Base: British Columbia, BA) Composition: Birth + Aspen Wood-50% Leftover Wood-50% Quantity: 1 Spoon (Weight: 4.5g) Source: Product Images : Prolon Gallery World Centric gallery Aspenware Gallery

12 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS GOAL: MANUFACTURING To evaluate the manufacturing, transportation and end of life consequences of three types of cutlery spoons. FUNCTIONAL UNIT: TRANSPORTATION A Functional unit is a measure of the function of the system relating to the input and output flows used to compare impacts across similar products. For this study, the functional unit is PER USE. SYSTEM BOUNDARY END OF LIFE [LANDFILL/INCINERATION] Not including packaging. Assuming that the product is used by consumer to maximum of 15 minutes. Food scraps from kitchen is not considered. Other types of waste is not considered.

13 PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON MANUFACTURING 100% 90% 80% 30.97% 27.17% 24.43% 26.01% TRASPORTATION 70% 60% 50% 72.04% 40% 30% 69.03% 72.83% 76.57% 73.99% END OF LIFE 20% 10% 27.96% 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal Prolon Raw Materials Prolon Processing LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

14 MANUFACTURING 120% 100% 8.48% 80% 37.31% 39.47% TRASPORTATION 60% 40% 6.46% 20% 54.28% 43.03% END OF LIFE 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal World Centric Raw Material (PLA) World Centric Raw Material (Talc) World Centric Raw Material (Corn) World Centric Processing LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

15 MANUFACTURING 100% ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON 90% 80% 23.89% 70% TRASPORTATION 60% 50% 40% 30% 76.11% 20% END OF LIFE 10% 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal Aspenware Raw Materials Aspenware Processing LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

16 MANUFACTURING 100% PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON 90% 80% 70% TRANSPORTATION 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% END OF LIFE 10% 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal Transport_Truck LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

17 MANUFACTURING WORLD CENTRIC (BIOPLASTIC) SPOON TRANSPORTATION END OF LIFE 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 28.64% 32.09% Human Health 38.11% Ecosystem Quality 9.64% Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal Transport_China-California Transport_California-Resturant LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

18 MANUFACTURING ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON 100% 90% 80% 70% TRANSPORTATION 60% 50% 81.93% 78.34% 78.64% 76.76% 40% 30% 7.30% 20% 10% 14.08% END OF LIFE 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal Transportation till Dry Facility Transport_Winnipeg-California Transport_California-LA Port Transport_LA Port-Resturant LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

19 100% 6.39% PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON-EOL IMPACT 90% MANUFACTURING 80% 39.12% 70% 60% TRANSPORTATION 50% 40% 93.61% 30% 60.88% END OF LIFE 20% 10% 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal Prolon_Landfill Prolon_Incineration LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

20 100% WORLD CENTRIC (BIOPLASTIC) SPOON EOL IMPACT MANUFACTURING 90% 80% 70% 47.29% 60% TRANSPORTATION 50% 92.59% 40% 30% 52.71% 20% END OF LIFE 10% 0% 7.41% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal World Centric_Landfill World Centric_Incineration LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

21 100% ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON- EOL IMPACT 3.87% MANUFACTURING 90% 80% 70% 60% TRANSPORTATION 50% 91.97% 96.13% 40% 30% 20% END OF LIFE 10% 0% 8.03% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal Aspenware_Landfill Aspenware_Incineration LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

22 120% PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON: OVERALL IMPACT ANALYSIS 100% WORLD CENTRIC (BIO PLASTIC) SPOON: OVERALL IMPACT ANALYSIS 100% 90% 80% 80% 70% 60% 40% 20% 64.19% 86.20% 75.79% 85.01% 95.75% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 92.28% 97.23% 80.06% 75.78% 46.59% MANUFACTURING 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal 0% Human Health Ecosystem Quality Climate Change Resource Impact Water Withdrawal World Centric Manufacturing World Centric Transportation World Centric End of Life ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON: OVERAL IMPACT ANALYSIS TRANSPORTATION END OF LIFE 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 85.04% Human Health 59.99% Ecosystem Quality 61.38% Climate Change 68.63% Resource Impact 10.72% Water Withdrawal LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0

23 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS-Why do we need sustainable choices? The cutlery Industry projections The growing Market of Restaurant Global plastic industry generates about 600 billion dollars annually. Plastic disposable industry is projected to increase to 21.9 billion by Bio plastic industry is expected to become a 3.4 billion dollar industry by Number of people eating outside The National Restaurant Association projects restaurants sales to reach $798.7 billion by Quick service and fast casual restaurants expected to raise a total of $233.7 billion by In California there is 27,120 quick service restaurants. Millennials are the highest number of population which spend at least one meal outside in a day. Freedonia Group. Foodservice Disposables, US Industry Study with Forecasts for 2019 & N.p., Aug Web. 05 July Lutz, Ashley. 5 ways millennials dining habits are different from their parents Business Insider. Business Insider, 25 Mar Web. 05 July Thermoformed Plastics Market Analysis By Product, By Process, By Application (Healthcare, Food Packaging, Electrical & Electronics, Automotive, Construction, Consumer Goods), And Segment Forecasts, Thermoformed Plastics Market Size, Share Industry Report, , May 2017.

24 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS-Price Comparison of Products Item Description [Single Unit] Plastic Spoon Set (Prolon Manufacturing LLC) Bio-Plastic Spoon set (World Centric) Wood Spoon Set (Aspenware) Item Description [Bulk Purchase] Plastic Spoon Set pc. (Prolon Manufacturing LLC) Price(USD) $4.99 $2.89 $2.55 Price (USD) $2.99 Bio-Plastic Spoon set-24 pc. (World Centric) $2.58 Wood Spoon Set-1000 pc. (Aspenware) $1.78

25 HEALTH IMPACTS OF PLASTICS Irritation in eyes, nose, throat and cause dizziness. Workers exposed to large amount of styrene during manufacturing develop breathing problems. Long term exposure causes injury to nervous systems. 6 Plastics cutlery last until 1000 in water bodies. Accumulation in landfill pose a threat to neighboring communities by affecting their health. Ecology Center. Ecology Center, ecologycenter.org/factsheets/adverse-health-effects-of-plastics. Gourmelon, A. Effect of H on the Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Fe. Mem. Sci. Rev. Metall (1975):

26 Overview P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t - C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n - C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m I N T R O D U C T I O N - L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y I S S U E S - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s - E c o n o m i c I s s u e s - H e a l t h I s s u e s A N A LY S I S - P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n - E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s - E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s - H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s R E C O M M E N D AT I O N S - S t e p s F o r C l i e n t - S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s

27 Steps for Client Educate restaurants about the Green Restaurant Certification Rating System. Educational workshops for business owners Approach restaurants with trail packets of sustainable cutlery. Review short term vs. long term financial projections. Images: Green Restaurant Association logo Webpage

28 Step for Business Restrict giving cutlery along with take out food or delivery. Get active with local community to reduce single use, disposable plastics. Choose sustainable options locally available. Images: Bakeys Google gallery Plastic Pollution Coalition Events Webpage

29 Thank you. Source: