Presentation on the state of the global economy June 2013
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1 Presentation on the state of the global economy June 2013 PROFESSOR ROBIN MATTHEWS KINGSTON UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL LONDON ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY MOSCOW ECONOMIC STRATEGIES PRESIDENT OF THE LEAGUE OF CORPORATE STRATEGY AND ACCOUNTING http/www /06/2013 1
2 note I will not use many of these slides, but it will help if you can refer to them. I intend to divide the presentation as follows; 1. The roots of the Great Recession 2. Contemporary debates 3. Outlook 4. Debt and deleveraging 5. Weak recovery in DM s stronger in EM s 6. The latest from the Eurozone 02/06/2013 2
3 02/06/2013 3
4 GLOBAL DEMAND Outsourcing FDI Consumption Investment Asset prices Sovereign wealth funds FINANCIAL REVOLUTION Flexible exchange rates Deregulation New asset pricing models Securitization GLOBAL POSITIVE FEEDBACKS (circa) TECHNOLOGICAL REVOLUTION Investment funds Shorter product cycles Pressure to reduce costs Outsourcing Matthews /06/2013 4
5 Bubble bursts Asset prices Balance sheet Recession Deleveraging Govt s, Firms, Households Deficient demand U G Contagion Fiscal policy works Risk aversion Liquidity trap Current accountdeficits financial deficits fallacy of composition Eventually balance sheets recover Inflated asset prices Hubris New asset bubble Contagion Speculation, leveraging, securitization Monetary policy works Excess demand U G Govt s, Firms, Households Increase demand 02/06/ Adapted from Koo 2009
6 Causes of the crisis? Low interest rates Savings glut Moral hazard Greed Financial innovation 02/06/2013 6
7 The Great Recession Most contemporary economists were wrong J M KEYNES The General Theory (deficient demand) ROBERT LUCAS Real business Cycle theory 02/06/2013 7
8 The Great Recession Was it a white swan event (most economists) OR Was it a black swan event (Mandelbrot and Taleband others) 02/06/2013 8
9 02/06/2013 9
10 1. Fractal images state of the global economy june source /06/
11 Differences very simplified Storybook Keynes The price level ASvariable in the short term Storybook monetarism (or RBT) The price level AS AS Fixed in the short term NAIRU* AS AD AD2 Output creating employment* Real output Real output 02/06/
12 02/06/
13 02/06/
14 From Haldane 2009 Complex networks the global financial system Preferential attachment 02/06/
15 IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) April /06/
16 IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) April /06/
17 (WEO) April /06/
18 Debt overhangs What is the ratio of debt to GDP that triggers negative growth? Fiscal deficits Do government fiscal deficits (t g) cause private investment to shrink? 02/06/
19 Arguments about government debt Paul Krugman Carmen Reinhart 02/06/
20 IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) April /06/
21 (WEO) April /06/
22 Comparative growth of GDP d G D P d t 02/06/
23 GDP growth (WEO) April /06/
24 GDP growth (WEO) April /06/
25 GDP growth IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) April /06/
26 Comparative recovery from recession Average of 72, 82, 91 compared to Great Recession 02/06/
27 Great Recession Previous recoveries Average 72, 82, 91 (WEO) April /06/
28 Great Recession Previous recoveries Average 72, 82, 91 (WEO) April /06/
29 Government expenditures during recessions Average of 72, 82, 91 compared to Great Recession 02/06/
30 02/06/
31 WEO) April /06/
32 (WEO) April /06/
33 Inflation and deflation in the Great Recession 02/06/
34 (WEO) April /06/
35 The Eurozone 02/06/
36 From : Can the Euro be saved by David Beim /06/
37 (WEO) April /06/
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