Warm Up. 1 Pull out your America The Story of Us video question sheet from Friday

Transcription

1 Warm Up 1 Pull out your America The Story of Us video question sheet from Friday 2 Remember if you missed a few it is ok you will have a chance to get all the answers at the end 3 Quiz Questions are in place

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4 Salutary Neglect Ends I. During the early years of the existence of the colonies, Parliament opted for a policy of salutary neglect After the French & Indian War G.B ended the policy of salutary neglect and become active in the affairs of the American colonies A. Taxing the colonies to pay for the French & Indian War debt

5 Proclamation of 1763 I. In the Proclamation of 1763 King George III declared that Appalachian Mountains were now the western boundary for all colonies; colonists could NOT cross mountains: A. Attempt to separate the colonists from the Indians B. Attempt to prevent future wars and expense Proclamation angered many colonists A. Many owned land west of the Appalachian Mountains B. Colonists believed that the land west of the mountains belonged to them after they fought the French for it I Many colonists moved west of the mountains anyway A. Colonists are used to doing whatever they want

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8 Taxation Begins I. WARS ARE VERY EXPENSICE A. The French & Indian War was very expensive for the British government B. Pay for soldiers, weapons, food, ships, boots, uniforms, water, supplies Since the war was fought in the colonies the colonies were expected to pay for it A. Great Britain began taxing the colonies to pay for the war debt

9 Writs of Assistance (1764) I. Prior to passing new taxes on the colonies the British parliament created the writs of assistance I Writs of Assistance allowed custom officials (tax collectors) to search any building for any reason The writs were an attempt to stop smuggling and make sure taxes were paid IV. The colonists complained that these writs violated their rights as Englishmen A. Against illegal search and seizure

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11 The Sugar Act I. The British began taxing colonists on imports to their colonies The most important of these was the Sugar Act of 1764 I IV. The Sugar Act taxed molasses imports to the colonies and hurt colonial merchants profits A. Tax on ingredients for run Colonists believed this was taxation without representation A. Parliament was taxing them without giving them any say in the matter B. Their governments did not make these laws (Great Britain did)

12 The Stamp Act I. In 1765, Parliament imposed a tax on all paper products in the colonies I IV. Paper received a stamp once the tax had been paid (The Stamp Act) The Stamp Act was the first direct tax levied against the colonies A. Direct taxes = taxes paid by the people directly to their government B. The Stamp Act affected the average colonist and led to unrest in the colonies Products affected by the tax included documents, wills, diplomas, playing cards and newspapers

13 Stamp Act Crisis (1765) I. The Stamp Act greatly angered a majority of the colonists A. Directly affected their money B. Taxation without Representation In response to the Stamp Act the colonists did the following: A. Formed the Sons and Daughters of Liberty (organization to fight taxes) B. Protested (violently & peacefully) in the streets C. Harassed tax collectors (tarred and feathered) D. Boycotted trade with England E. Stamp Act Congress and Resolves

14 The Stamp Act Congress I. The Stamp Act Act Congress was a meeting to discuss unjust taxation (Stamp Act) in 1765 A. Drew up petitions to King George III and to Parliament These petitions rejected the Stamp Act and stated that Parliament had no right to tax the colonies A. No taxation without representation I Parliament paid little attention to these petitions IV. Colonists then called for a boycott (to refuse to buy certain goods or services) of British goods A. British merchants and workers suffered V. In 1766 Parliament repealed (cancelled) the Stamp Act

15 Taxation Without Representation I. Colonists were very unhappy with British taxes Britain taxing the colonies went against the long-established British principle of no taxation without representation I ONLY the colonists or their elected representatives had the right to pass taxes IV. No colonial representation in Parliament = No British taxes V. Colonists were willing to pay taxes passed by colonial legislatures

16 DO NOW 1) Work on the British taxation chart 2) Make sure you are doing the tax and the correct year 3) Use your ipad and you may work with a partner to help get the information

17 Declaratory Act (1766) I. The Declaratory Act repealed the Stamp Act but stated that the British government has the authority to tax the colonists in all cases whatsoever. The British asserted their authority to tax the colonists whenever they wanted I British are trying to save face not let the colonies push them around

18 The Townshend Revenue Acts I. These laws placed duties (taxes) on tea, paper, glass and paint A. Taxing everyday items generates a lot of money The British repealed this tax in 1770 due to colonial protests except for the tax on tea A. No taxation without representation I The Townshend Acts were designed to raise revenue and pay off the war debt

19 Protests Begin! I. Colonial opinions of Great Britain worsened leading to violent protests throughout the colonies Colonists grew unhappy with British rule and protested to show their displeasure A. Sons and Daughters of Liberty B. Boston Massacre C. Boston Tea Party

20 Sons of Liberty I. The Sons of Liberty was an organization created to fight the British government s control over the colonies A. Watched shopkeepers suspected of selling British goods, enforced boycotts, tarred/ feathered tax collectors & led protests against taxation The group existed in almost every colony and often used violence to enforce their beliefs I Believed the British government was becoming tyrannical IV. Famous members included Paul Revere, John Adams and Samuel Adams.

21 The Boston Massacre I. I IV. After Parliament repealed the Townshend duties, the first clash between British and Americans took place On the night of March 5, 1770, a crowd of 50 or 60 men and boys gathered to taunt British soldiers outside the Boston Customs House When the crowd went as far as to throw sticks and snowballs at the redcoats, the soldiers panicked and opened fire, killing five men The event quickly became known as the Boston Massacre

22 The Boston Massacre I. In total 5 men were killed in the Boston Massacre The soldiers were tried for murder in colonial courts I John Adams defended the soldiers A. Received a judgment of manslaughter IV. The Sons of Liberty used this event as a piece of propaganda to convince many to join them in their fight for liberty

23 Tea Act (1773) I. After the Boston Massacre, British parliament repealed all Townshend acts except for the Tea Act. The British kept the tax on tea to show the colonists it still had the right to tax them. I In response to the Tea Act the colonials: A. Organized Committees of Correspondence B. Provide better communication throughout the colonies IV. The Boston Tea Party was staged by the Sons of Liberty.

24 The Boston Tea Party I. In 1773 the British East India Company, facing bankruptcy, appealed to Parliament for assistance Parliament voted to give them a monopoly for the trade of tea in America I Opposition groups mobilized against the plan and forcing ships to turn back at New York and Philadelphia harbors IV. Colonists on a signal from Sam Adams disguised themselves as Mohawks, boarded the ship and heaved 342 chests of tea into the harbor

25 Boston Tea Party I. On December 16, 1773 between 30 and 130 men dressed up as Native Americans and dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor. Done to protest the Tea Act IKing George III was furious! IV. Parliament would pass the Intolerable/ Coercive Acts in early 1774!!!!!

26 Intolerable Acts (1774) / The Coercive Acts I. These acts were meant to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party and to isolate Boston from the rest of the colonies. A. The Boston Port Act - closed the port of Boston to trade B. The Massachusetts Government Act - revoked the colony's charter and forbade town meetings C. The Quartering Act - required the colonists to provide billets for British soldiers D. The Impartial Administration of Justice Act - removed British officials from the jurisdiction of Massachusetts courts

27 Response to the Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts) I. Colonists sent aid to Boston; Boycotted British goods Colonists and British are extremely unhappy with one another A. A hatred between both sides is growing I Established the First Continental Congress A. Argued that something had to be done B. The colonists should be free from Great Britain

28 ARE YOU WITH ME???? 1 Explain why Great Britain began heavily taxing the American colonies following the French & Indian War?? 2 Discuss why the colonists were unhappy and unwilling to pay taxes levied by Great Britain s Parliament: 3 List and explain three British taxes imposed on the 13 colonies following the French & Indian War: 4 Discuss whether the Boston Massacre was an act of self-defense or a senseless murder: 5 Explain the causes of the Boston Tea Party: 6 Explain the effects of the Boston Tea Party & the consequences that occurred as a result of it