1. INTRODUCTION 2. EMPLOYMENT

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2 1. INTRODUCTION This Stats Brief presents results of the September 2013 Employment Survey. The results give summary estimates of formal sector employment, monthly average cash earnings, and minimum hourly wage rates as well as estimates for the Ipelegeng Programme. 2. EMPLOYMENT Table 1 compares formal sector employment for September 2013 and September Overall employment increased by 2.5 percent (9,865 persons), from 389, 665 in September 2012 to 399,530 persons in September Local government recorded the highest increase in employment of 9.6 percent, followed by Parastatal Organizations with 7.7 percent. The increase in Local Government employment was due to a high increase (15.2 percent) in the number of Ipelegeng employees. Central government recorded a decline of 0.4 percent in employment. In September 2013, 15,334 (3.8 percent) persons employed were non-citizens. The major employer of noncitizen employees was wholesale and Retail Trade, at 2, 679 persons (18.1 percent). Manufacturing and Construction followed with 2, 465 (16.1percent) and 2, 375 (15.5 percent) persons, respectively (See Table 1). Employment by sector as at end of September 2013 is illustrated in Figure 1. Private sector had the largest share, accounting for 47.5 percent, followed by Central Government at 26.2 percent. Local Government and Parastatal Organizations recorded 21.6 percent and 4.7 percent respectively Figure 1: Formal Employment by Sector, September 2013 Local Government 21.6% Private Sector 47.5% Central Government 26.2% Parastatal Organizations 4.7% Private and Parastatal sector employment for September 2013 and September 2012 is shown in Figure 2. All industries recorded an increase in employment during the period. A significant annual industrial change in employment was recorded by Electricity & Water at 11.8 percent. Health and Mining & Quarrying recorded an increase of 2.1 percent and 2.0 percent respectively. 1 FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

3 Figure 2: Percentage (100%) Changes- Private and Parastatal Employment by Industry between September 2012 and September 2013 Percentage (100%) Agriculture Agriculture and Quarrying Manufacturing Electricity & Water Construction Wholesale & Retail Trade Hotels & Restaurant Transport & Comm Industry Finance Real Estate Education Health Other Community Figure 3 displays the proportion of male and female employees by sector. The figure shows that all the sectors were dominated by males except for Central Government which was dominated by females at53.0 percent. The highest proportion of male employees was recorded by the Local Government sector at 63.4 percent, followed by Private sector and Parastatal Organizations at 59.2 and 58.8 percent respectively. The proportion of employees by sex at industry level shows that males were dominant in Mining & Quarrying and Construction industries, with 84.8 percent and 80.9 percent respectively. The highest proportion of females was found in Health & Social Work with 70.4 percent, followed by Community & Other Services and Financial Intermediaries at 64.2 percent and 62.9 percent respectively. A significant proportion (58.2 percent) of females was also recorded by Hotels & Restaurants (See Table 3). Figure 3: Percentage of Males and Females in Formal Sector Employment, September 2013 Percentage Private Parastatal Central Government Local Government Sector Male Female 2 FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

4 3. WAGES/EARNINGS This section presents the earnings data collected during September 2013 and September 2012 employment surveys. The monthly average earnings by industry, citizenship and sector for September 2012 and September 2013 are presented in Table 5. Monthly average earnings were P4,661 for citizens, P13,733 for non-citizens and P5,009 for all employees as at end of September For all employees, average earnings increased from P4,810 in September 2012 to P5,009 in September 2013, an increase of 4.1 percent. Minimum hourly wage rates in Thebe per hour, from 2005 to 2013 for Private and Parastatal organizations only, are presented in Table 7. The minimum hourly wage rates have been increasing over these years except for 2008 to 2011, where the rates remained the same for four (4) years. Dr Burton Mguni Acting Statistician General February FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

5 Table 1: Estimated Number of Paid Employees by Economic Activity, Citizenship and Sex, September 2013 and September 2012 Sector/ Economic Activity Sep-13 Citizens Non-Citizens All Employees Sep-12 Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total % Change Agriculture 3,364 2,713 6, ,666 2,857 6,523 6, Mining and Quarrying 9,837 1,808 11, ,239 1,835 12,074 11,840 2 Manufacturing 20,699 13,901 34,601 1, ,465 22,599 14,468 37,066 36, Electricity & Water 3,322 1,305 4, ,331 1,305 4,636 4, Construction 16,999 4,356 21,355 2, ,375 19,193 4,537 23,730 23, Wholesale & Retail Trade 23,328 22,354 45,682 2, ,769 25,623 22,828 48,451 47, Hotels & Restaurants 6,823 10,057 16, ,337 10,218 17,554 17, Transport & Communications 7,099 5,433 12, ,668 5,659 13,327 13, Finance 3,165 5,560 8, ,291 5,590 8,881 8, Real Estate 13,012 5,374 18, ,512 5,544 19,056 19, Education 3,213 4,647 7,860 1, ,287 4,554 5,593 10,147 10, Health and social work 713 1,812 2, ,136 3,035 2, Other Community 1,433 2,691 4, ,521 2,732 4,253 4, Private and Parastatal 113,007 82, ,019 10,425 3,289 13, ,432 85, , , Private 102,323 74, ,660 10,029 3,206 13, ,352 77, , , Parastatal 10,684 7,675 18, ,080 7,758 18,838 17, Central Government 48,120 54, , ,464 49,097 55, , , Local Government 54,604 31,496 86, ,696 31,561 86,257 78, Ipelegeng Program 42,424 18,199 60, ,424 18,199 60,623 52, Local Gov. Excl. Ipelegeng 12,180 13,297 25, ,272 13,362 25,634 26, All Sectors excl. Ipelegeng 173, , ,573 11,494 3,841 15, , , , , Programme employees All Sectors 215, , ,196 11,494 3,841 15, , , , , FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

6 Table 2: Estimated Percentage Distribution of Paid Employees by Economic Activity/Sector, September 2013 and September 2012 Sector/ Economic Activity Sep-2013 Citizens Non-Citizens All Employees Sep-12 Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Agriculture Mining & Quarrying Manufacturing Water & Electricity Construction Wholesale & Retail Hotels & Restaurants Transport & Communication Finance Real Estate Education Health & Social work Other Community Private & Parastatal Private Parastatal Central Government Local Government Ipelegeng Program Local Gov. Excl. Ipelegeng All sectors excl. Ipelegeng Programme employees All Sectors FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

7 Table 3: Estimated Number of Paid Employees by Economic Activity/Sector, September 2013 September-2013 Sector/ Economic Activity All employees All employees Male Female Total Male Female Total Agriculture 3,666 2,857 6, Mining & Quarrying 10,239 1,835 12, Manufacturing 22,599 14,468 37, Water & Electricity 3,331 1,305 4, Construction 19,193 4,537 23, Wholesale & Retail 25,623 22,828 48, Hotels & Restaurants 7,337 10,218 17, Transport & Communication 7,668 5,659 13, Finance 3,291 5,590 8, Real Estate 13,512 5,544 19, Education 4,554 5,593 10, Health & Social work 900 2,136 3, Other Community 1,521 2,732 4, Private & Parastatal 123,432 85, , Private 112,352 77, , Parastatal 11,080 7,758 18, Central Government 49,097 55, , Local Government 54,696 31,561 86, Ipelegeng Program 42,424 18,199 60, Local Gov. Excl. Ipelegeng 12,272 13,362 25, All sectors excl. Ipelegeng 184, , , Programme employees All Sectors 227, , , FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

8 Table 4: Estimated Number of Paid Employees by Economic Activity/Sector, Sector/ Jun Sept Dec Mar Jun Sept Dec Mar Jun Sept Sept Economic Activity Agriculture 6,067 6,199 6,228 6,236 6,314 6,376 6,458 6,488 6,528 6,479 6,523 Mining & Quarrying 10,471 10,551 10,656 10,801 11,033 11,329 11,572 11,668 12,201 11,840 12,074 Manufacturing 35,662 35,796 35,833 35,932 36,309 36,366 36,463 36,549 36,638 36,829 37,066 Water & Electricity 2,910 3,066 3,116 3,248 3,667 3,782 3,882 4,000 4,105 4,143 4,636 Construction 22,383 22,670 22,687 22,933 23,132 23,164 23,242 23,298 23,347 23,650 23,730 Wholesale & Retail Trade 46,203 46,592 46,961 46,997 47,031 47,122 47,271 47,370 47,436 47,544 48,451 Hotels & Restaurants 16,401 16,700 16,769 16,816 16,907 16,969 17,064 17,095 17,150 17,308 17,554 Transport & Communication 12,584 12,579 12,620 12,668 12,695 12,742 12,808 12,887 12,969 13,123 13,327 Financial Intermediaries 7,861 8,158 8,177 8,192 8,265 8,363 8,505 8,540 8,563 8,787 8,881 Real Estate 18,357 18,425 18,591 18,650 18,663 18,774 18,813 18,884 18,899 19,029 19,056 Education 9,790 9,857 9,793 9,838 9,912 9,924 9,928 10,006 10,060 10,096 10,147 Health & Social work 2,587 2,784 2,791 2,808 2,869 2,865 2,859 2,877 2,891 2,973 3,035 Other Community Services 3,775 3,934 3,942 4,003 4,066 4,088 4,119 4,150 4,173 4,214 4,253 Private & Parastatal 195, , , , , , , , , , ,732 Private 180, , , , , , , , , , ,894 Parastatal 14,980 15,077 15,179 15,696 16,178 16,210 16,749 16,947 16,992 17,484 18,838 Central Government 96,906 97,607 99, , , , , , , , ,541 Local Government 97,854 67,038 60,197 62,049 60,761 70,061 73,401 72,009 80,554 78,725 86,257 Ipelegeng Program 69,320 38,153 31,164 32,957 31,811 41,285 45,140 43,651 52,270 52,617 60,623 Local Gov. Excl. Ipelegeng 28,534 28,885 29,033 29,092 28,950 28,776 28,261 28,358 28,284 26,108 25,634 All Sectors 389, , , , , , , , , , ,530 7 FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

9 Table 5: Estimated Monthly Average Cash Earnings by Economic Activity, Citizenship and Sex, September 2013 and September 2012 September-2013 Sep-12 Sector/ Citizens Non-Citizens All employees % Economic Activity Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Change Agriculture ,183 1,746 6,106 1, ,273 1, Mining & Quarrying 9,891 10,735 10,022 53,422 24,525 51,603 11,600 10,938 11,500 9, Manufacturing 3,025 2,643 2,871 10,262 9,057 9,986 3,633 2,894 3,344 4, Water & Electricity 11,468 9,383 10,880 41, ,174 11,549 9,383 10,939 11, Construction 2,591 2,286 2,529 12,875 21,149 13,507 3,767 3,040 3,628 3, Wholesale & Retail 4,175 2,633 3,420 11,401 7,665 10,762 4,822 2,737 3,840 3, Hotels & Restaurants 2,372 1,904 2,093 7,166 9,963 7,832 2,708 2,031 2,314 2, Transport & Communication 7,975 6,417 7,300 19,938 13,591 18,131 8,862 6,704 7,946 7, Financial Intermediaries 14,517 12,167 13,020 50,451 31,770 46,856 15,894 12,273 13,614 12, Real Estate 4,607 6,395 5,130 19,126 13,336 17,656 5,144 6,608 5,570 6, Education 8,268 7,550 7,844 13,474 12,341 13,005 9,801 8,361 9,007 8, Health & Social work 9,133 7,078 7,658 16,122 11,192 13,023 10,585 7,702 8,559 8, Other Community Services 5,439 2,441 3,482 15,637 9,459 13,691 6,030 2,545 3,791 3, Private & Parastatal 4,975 4,269 4,678 14,543 11,275 13,760 5,783 4,539 5,275 5, Private 4,235 3,624 3,978 15,105 12,066 13,680 5,206 3,974 4,655 5, Parastatal 12,216 10,630 11,553 15,879 10,126 14,882 12,347 10,625 11,638 13, Central Government 6,749 7,444 7,120 13,997 11,679 13,226 6,893 7,482 7,205 6, Local Government 1,516 1,956 1,677 19,466 11,164 16,029 1,546 1,975 1,703 1, Ipelegeng Program Local Gov. Excl. Ipelegeng 5,089 3,961 4,501 19,466 11,164 16,029 5,197 3,996 4,571 4, All sectors excl. Ipelegeng 5,476 5,403 5,442 14,536 11,324 13,733 6,039 5,551 5,817 5, Programme employees All Sectors 4,495 4,872 4,661 14,536 11,324 13,733 5,003 5,016 5,009 4, FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

10 Table 6: Estimated Monthly Average Cash Earnings by Economic Activity/Sector, SECTOR/ Jun Sept Dec Mar Jun Sept Dec Mar Jun Sept Sept ECONOMIC ACTIVITY Agriculture 1,423 1,323 1, ,087 1,137 1,157 1,187 1,271 1,233 1,273 Mining & Quarrying 9,827 8,708 9,632 7,912 9,180 9,246 9,759 9,868 11,061 9,159 11,500 Manufacturing 2,062 2,235 2,600 2,446 2,784 2,793 2,856 2,924 3,052 4,133 3,344 Water & Electricity 9,917 10,365 10,056 10,029 9,829 9,866 10,427 10,461 10,774 11,971 10,939 Construction 2,136 2,376 2,943 2,891 3,205 3,348 3,369 3,536 3,607 3,598 3,628 Wholesale & Retail 3,848 2,868 3,547 2,925 3,038 3,177 3,515 3,834 3,844 3,575 3,840 Hotels & Restaurants 2,221 1,607 2,155 1,854 1,970 2,006 2,008 2,026 1,876 2,278 2,314 Transport & Communication 5,531 5,695 6,591 5,951 6,343 6,818 7,565 7,667 7,754 7,864 7,946 Financial Intermediaries 10,802 10,127 11,593 13,494 11,599 12,057 12,277 12,479 12,523 12,175 13,614 Real Estate 4,509 4,908 5,455 5,807 6,332 6,400 6,567 6,711 6,761 6,174 5,570 Education 6,784 7,556 8,653 8,655 8,699 8,796 8,524 8,535 8,572 8,985 9,007 Health & Social work 4,060 5,363 5,859 11,094 7,619 7,580 8,125 8,132 8,318 8,534 8,559 Other community services 2,807 2,568 2,662 3,770 2,760 2,842 3,062 3,029 3,006 3,727 3,791 Private & Parastatal 4,105 3,904 4,521 4,380 4,638 4,660 4,873 5,022 5,154 5,204 5,275 Private 3,532 3,282 3,799 3,689 3,977 3,980 4,141 4,294 4,429 5,670 4,655 Parastatal 10,991 11,423 13,226 12,464 12,178 12,450 13,012 13,050 13,180 13,405 11,638 Central Government 5,397 5,420 5,435 5,186 5,447 5,548 6,066 6,091 6,160 6,364 7,205 Local Government 1,495 2,169 2,544 2,478 2,410 2,252 2,012 2,041 1,846 1,705 1,703 Ipelegeng Program Local Gov. Excl. Ipelegeng 4,164 4,559 4,888 4,878 4,663 4,968 4,651 4,629 4,593 4,417 4,571 All Sectors 3,771 3,992 4,443 4,277 4,428 4,451 4,641 4,746 4,731 4,810 5,009 9 FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana

11 Table 7: Minimum Hourly Wage Rates (Thebe) P r i v a t e and P a r a s t a t a l s (June) (May) (April) (April) (April) (April) (April) (April) (June) Building, Construction, Exploration and Quarrying Manufacturing, Service and Repair Trades Wholesale Distributive Trades Retail Distributive Trades Hotel, Catering and Entertainment Trades Garage, Motor Trades and Road Transport Retail and Wholesale Night watchmen Security Guards Employed by Security Companies Agricultural Sector P500 per month (2013 June) Domestic Service Sector P2.50 per hour (2013 June) Source: Department of Labour and Social Security 10 FORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT STATS BRIEF SEPTEMBER 2013 Statistics Botswana