Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India

Transcription

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3 Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Economic Sector for the year ended March 2012 GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA Report No. 4 of the year 2013

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5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Reference Paragraph Number Page Number Preface vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Introduction 1 About this report Audited Entity profile Authority for audit Organisational structure of the offices of the Principal Accountant General (Audit)-I, Mumbai and the Accountant General (Audit)-II, Nagpur Planning and conduct of audit Significant audit observations Lack of responsiveness of Government to Audit CHAPTER II DISTRICT-CENTRIC AUDIT Planning Department District-centric audit of Washim CHAPTER III AUDIT OF TRANSACTIONS Fraudulent drawal/misappropriation/embezzlement/losses Public Works Department Fraudulent payment Non-compliance with rules and regulations 3.2 Water Resources Department Irregular extra expenditure due to violation of contract conditions Avoidable extra expenditure Undue benefit to contractors Irregular payment to contractor iii

6 Table of contents Audit against propriety/expenditure without justification Paragraph Number Reference Page Number Water Resources Department Avoidable extra expenditure Maharashtra Krishna Valley Development Corporation Avoidable extra expenditure due to non-observance of Government directives Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Department Unfruitful expenditure on fresh water prawn hatchery project Water Resources Department Extra expenditure in construction of bridge and approach road Persistent and pervasive irregularities 3.4 Water Resources Department Non-recovery of mobilization advance and accumulated interest Unproductive expenditure on replacement of trash racks iv

7 Table of contents LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix No. Details Page No. 1.1 Details of Department-wise outstanding Inspection 53 Reports / paras as on 30 June Statement showing no. of paragraphs/reviews in 54 respect of which Government s explanatory memoranda (UORs) had not been received Administrative set-up of Washim district Break period in supply of MDM Calculation of CED included in the estimates and already paid 3.2 Extra expenditure incurred on account of awarding of fresh work 3.3 Avoidable extra expenditure due to sanction of EIRL v

8 P R E F A C E 1. This Report on the audit of expenditure (Economic Sector) incurred by the Government of Maharashtra has been prepared for submission to the Governor of Maharashtra under Article 151 of the Constitution of India. 2. Chapter I of this Report covers auditee profile, authority for audit, planning and conducting of audit and responses of the departments to draft paragraphs. Highlights of audit observations included in this Report have also been brought out in this chapter. 3. Chapter II contains findings on the District-centric audit of Washim. Chapter III deals with the findings of transaction audit. 4. Audit observations on matters arising from the examination of Finance and Appropriation Accounts of the State Government for the year ended 31 March 2012 are presented separately. 5. The Report containing observations arising out of audit of Statutory Corporations, Boards and Government Companies and the Reports containing observations on General and Social Sector, Revenue Sector and Social Sector (Rural Development and Water Conservation and Urban Development Departments) are presented separately. 6. The cases mentioned in this Report are among those which came to notice in the course of test audit of accounts during the year as well as those which had come to notice in earlier years but could not be dealt with in previous Reports. Matters relating to the period subsequent to have also been included, wherever necessary.

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12 1.1 About this Report CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION This Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (C&AG) relates to matters arising from performance audit of selected programmes and activities and compliance audit of Government departments and autonomous bodies falling under Economic Sector. Compliance audit refers to examination of the transactions relating to expenditure of the audited entities to ascertain whether the provisions of the Constitution of India, applicable laws, rules, regulations and various orders and instructions issued by the competent authorities are being complied with. On the other hand performance audit, besides conducting a compliance audit, also examines whether the objectives of the programme/activity/department are achieved economically and efficiently. The primary purpose of the Report is to bring to the notice of the State Legislature, important results of audit. Auditing Standards require that the materiality level for reporting should be commensurate with the nature, volume and magnitude of transactions. The findings of audit are expected to enable the Executive to take corrective actions as also to frame policies and directives that will lead to improved operational efficiency and financial management of the organisations, thus contributing to better governance. This chapter, in addition to explaining the planning and extent of audit, provides a synopsis of the significant deficiencies and achievements in implementation of selected schemes, significant audit observations made during the audit of transactions and follow-up on previous Audit Reports. Chapter II of this Report contains District-centric audit of Washim. Chapter III presents observations on audit of transactions in Government departments and autonomous bodies. 1.2 Audited Entity profile There are seven departments in the Economic Sector in the State at the Secretariat level, headed by Additional Chief Secretaries/Principal Secretaries/Secretaries, who are assisted by Directors/Commissioners and subordinate officers and seven autonomous bodies, which are audited by the Principal Accountant General (Audit)-I, Mumbai and the Accountant General (Audit)-II, Nagpur. A summary of the State Government s fiscal transactions during vis-a-vis the previous years is given in Table 1.

13 Chapter I Introduction Table 1 : Summary of fiscal operations (` in crore) Receipts Disbursements Section-A: Revenue Non Plan Plan Total Revenue Receipts ** Revenue Expenditure Tax revenue General services Non-tax revenue ** Social services Share of Union Economic services Taxes/Duties Grants from Government of India Grants-in-aid and Contributions Section B : Capital Miscellaneous Capital Capital Outlay Receipts Recoveries of Loans Loans and and Advances Advances disbursed Public debt receipts* Repayment of Public Debt* 0.00 Appropriation from Appropriation to Contingency fund Contingency fund Contingency Fund Contingency Fund Public Account Public Account Receipts Disbursements Opening Cash Closing Cash Balance Balance Total Total (Source : Finance Accounts of the respective years) * Excluding ways and means advances and overdraft (Receipt : nil and Disbursement : nil) ** Includes ` crore, the outstanding central loans under Central Plan Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes advanced to State Governments by the Ministries other than Ministry of Finance written off as per the recommendation of the Thirteenth Finance Commission (ThFC). 1.3 Authority for audit The authority for audit by the C&AG is derived from Articles 149 and 151 of the Constitution of India and the Comptroller and Auditor General's (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, The C&AG conducts audit of expenditure of the Departments of Government of Maharashtra under Section 13 1 of the C&AG's (DPC) Act. The C&AG is the sole auditor in respect of seven autonomous bodies which are audited under Sections 19(3) 2 and 20(1) 3 of the C&AG's (DPC) Act. 1.4 Organisational structure of the offices of the Principal Accountant General (Audit)-I, Mumbai and the Accountant General (Audit)-II, Nagpur, Maharashtra Under the directions of the C&AG, the offices of the Principal Accountant General (Audit)-I, Mumbai and the Accountant General (Audit)-II, Nagpur Audit of (i) all transactions from the Consolidated Fund of the State, (ii) all transactions relating to Contingency Fund and Public Accounts and (iii) all trading, manufacturing, profit & loss accounts, balance sheets & other subsidiary accounts Audit of the accounts of a corporation established by law made by the Legislature of a State on the request of the Governor, in public interest Audit of accounts of any body or authority on the request of the Governor, on such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon between the C&AG and the Government 2

14 Chapter I Introduction conduct the audit of the various Government departments and offices/autonomous bodies/institutions under them. While 16 districts from Konkan and Western Maharashtra fall under the audit jurisdiction of the Principal Accountant General (Audit)-I, Mumbai, the remaining 19 districts from Vidarbha and Marathwada are under the audit jurisdiction of the Accountant General (Audit)-II, Nagpur, as shown in the map. 1.5 Planning and conduct of audit The audit process starts with the assessment of risk faced by various departments of the Government, based on expenditure incurred, criticality/ complexity of activities, the levels of delegated financial powers and assessment of overall internal controls and concerns of stakeholders. Previous audit findings are also considered in this exercise. Based on this risk assessment, the frequency and extent of audit are decided. During , 3,193 party days were used to carry out audit of 436 units (compliance audit and performance audits) of the various departments/organisations. The audit plan covered those units/entities which were vulnerable to significant risks as per our assessment. After completion of audit of each unit, Inspection Reports (IRs) containing audit findings are issued to the heads of the departments. The departments are requested to furnish replies to the audit findings within six weeks of receipt of the Inspection Reports. Whenever replies are received, audit findings are either settled or further action for compliance is advised. The important audit observations arising out of these Inspection Reports are processed for inclusion in the Audit Reports which are submitted to the Governor of the State of Maharashtra under Article 151 of the Constitution of India. 1.6 Significant audit observations In the past few years, Audit has reported several significant deficiencies in implementation of various programmes/activities through performance audits, as well as on the quality of internal controls in selected departments. Similarly, the deficiencies noticed during compliance audit of the Government departments/organisations were also reported upon. 3

15 Chapter I Introduction The present report contains one district-centric audit and 11 paragraphs. The significant audit observations are discussed below District centric audit of Washim Recognising the importance accorded by the Planning Commission, Government of India for a district-centric approach to devolution of finances for integrated local area development, a District-centric audit of Washim district was carried out to assess the status and impact of implementation of socio-economic developmental activities in the district during The review covered key social sector programmes relating to health, education, water supply, social welfare, employment generation and poverty alleviation as well as economic sector programmes relating to irrigation, agriculture etc. Some of the significant findings are as follows: The District Planning Committee did not prepare an integrated district plan consolidating the plans of Panchayats and Municipal Councils for any year. (Paragraph 2.1.6) There was shortage of Primary Health Centres and Sub Centres in the district with critical gaps in health care infrastructure and facilities. (Paragraph ) Adequate infrastructure facilities were not available in Government schools. Under Mid Day Meal Scheme, the objective to increase enrolment in primary and upper primary schools could not be achieved. Non-procurement and idling of essential machinery and equipment for practical training with non-filling of vacant posts of instructors under Centre of Excellence Scheme aimed at upgrading the ITI in the district impacted the quality of training. (Paragraph ) Since the inception of Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana, only three per cent of the beneficiaries crossed the BPL status till March 2012 despite incurring an expenditure of ` crore. (Paragraph ) Social infrastructure created such as Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Nyay Bhavan and renovated Central Jail were lying idle despite incurring an expenditure of ` 6.52 crore. (Paragraph ) The Zilla Parishad did not adhere to the time schedules with regard to submission, approval and publication of annual accounts. Internal audit wing was not established in DRDA, Washim. (Paragraph 2.1.9) 4

16 Chapter I Introduction Compliance audit of transactions Audit has also reported several significant deficiencies in critical areas which impact the effective functioning of the Government departments. These are as under: The Public Works Department made a payment of ` lakh to two contractors towards purchase of bitumen without obtaining original invoices as stipulated in the contract. Cross-verification by Audit subsequently revealed that the duplicate invoices on the basis of which the payments were admitted were forged. 5 (Paragraph 3.1.1) The Water Resources Department incurred an avoidable expenditure of ` crore due to change in alignment of a canal work necessitated by failure in obtaining prior approval of Central Government under Forest (Conservation) Act, (Paragraph 3.2.2) The action of two irrigation corporations to load excise duty in the estimates for erection of radial gates and allied works in execution of three irrigation projects resulted in undue benefit of ` 9.44 crore to contractors. (Paragraph 3.2.3) Failure of the Water Resources Department to consult the Public Works Department before taking up the work of construction of protection bund in Bhandara city resulted in an avoidable extra expenditure of ` crore. (Paragraph 3.3.1) Improper planning and implementation of fresh water prawn hatchery project at Dapchari in district Thane led to an unfruitful expenditure of ` 7.88 crore. (Paragraph 3.3.3) The action of the Water Resources Department/GMIDC to award a work without establishing the legal status of land not only led to stoppage of work after incurring an expenditure of ` 3.39 crore, it also jeopardized the recovery of the outstanding mobilization advance of ` 2.29 crore together with an accumulated interest of ` lakh from the contractor. 1.7 Lack of responsiveness of Government to Audit Inspection reports outstanding (Paragraph 3.4.1) The Accountant General (Audit) arranges to conduct periodical inspections of Government departments to test-check their transactions and verify the maintenance of important accounting and other records as per prescribed rules and procedures. These inspections are followed up with IRs which are issued

17 Chapter I Introduction to the heads of the offices inspected with copies to the next higher authorities. Half-yearly reports of pending IRs are sent to the Secretaries of the concerned departments to facilitate monitoring of action taken on the audit observations included in these IRs. The IRs issued upto December 2011 pertaining to seven departments disclosed that 8,442 paragraphs relating to 2,961 IRs were outstanding at the end of June Year-wise position of outstanding IRs and paragraphs are detailed in Appendix Response of departments to the draft paragraphs The draft paragraphs and performance audit were forwarded demi-officially to the Principal Secretaries/Secretaries of the concerned departments between February and October 2012 with the request to send their responses within six weeks. The Government replies to eight out of 11 paragraphs featured in this Report were received and reply to District-centric audit was awaited. The replies, wherever received, have been suitably incorporated in the Report Follow-up on Audit Reports According to instructions issued by the Finance Department in January 2001, administrative departments were required to furnish Explanatory Memoranda duly verified by Audit to the Maharashtra Legislature Secretariat in respect of paragraphs included in the Audit Reports, within three months of presenting the Audit Reports to the State Legislature. The administrative departments however, did not comply with these instructions. The Explanatory Memoranda in respect of 37 paragraphs/reviews for the period from to have not yet been received. The position of outstanding Explanatory Memoranda from to is indicated in Table 2 below. Table 2: Status of submission of Explanatory Memoranda during Audit Date of tabling the Number of Number of Balance Report Report Paragraphs and Reviews EMs received April April June April April 2011 & December April Total In addition to the above, Explanatory Memoranda in respect of 15 paragraphs relating to the period prior to were also outstanding. Department-wise details are given in Appendix Action Taken Notes The Maharashtra Legislature Secretariat Rules stipulate that Action Taken Notes (ATNs) on the recommendations of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) on those paragraphs of the Audit Reports that are discussed are required to be forwarded to the Maharashtra Legislature Secretariat duly verified by Audit. Similarly, ATNs indicating remedial/corrective action taken on the paragraphs that are not discussed are also required to be forwarded to 6

18 Chapter I Introduction the PAC duly vetted by Audit. Year-wise details of such paragraphs for the period to are indicated in Table 3 below. Table 3: Year-wise status of pending ATNs Total number Number of ATN awaited in of paragraphs paragraphs respect of paragraphs Audit Report in the Audit Not Not Discussed Discussed Report discussed discussed to Total As could be seen, there were inordinate delays and persistent failure in forwarding ATNs on audit paragraphs. 4 Combined figures of General, Social & Economic Sectors 7

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22 Chapter II Planning Department 2.1 District-centric audit of Washim Recognising the importance accorded by the Planning Commission, Government of India for a district-centric approach to devolution of finances for integrated local area development, a district-centric audit of Washim district was carried out to assess the status and impact of implementation of socio-economic developmental activities in the district during The review covered key social sector programmes relating to health, education, water supply, social welfare, employment generation and poverty alleviation as well as economic sector programmes relating to irrigation, agriculture etc. Some of the significant findings are highlighted below. Highlights The District Planning Committee did not prepare an integrated district plan consolidating the plans of Panchayats and Municipal Councils for any year. (Paragraph 2.1.6) There was shortage of Primary Health Centres and Sub Centres in the district with critical gaps in health care infrastructure and facilities. (Paragraph ) Adequate infrastructure facilities were not available in Government schools. Under Mid Day Meal Scheme, the objective to increase enrollment in primary and upper primary schools could not be achieved. (Paragraph ) Non-procurement and idling of essential machinery and equipment for practical training with non-filling of vacant posts of instructors under Centre of Excellence Scheme aimed at upgrading the ITI in the district impacted the quality of training. (Paragraph ) Since the inception of Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana, only three per cent of the beneficiaries crossed the BPL status till March 2012 despite incurring an expenditure of ` crore. (Paragraph ) Social infrastructure created such as Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Nyay Bhavan and renovated Central Jail were lying idle despite incurring an expenditure of ` 6.52 crore. (Paragraph )

23 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 The Zilla Parishad did not adhere to the time schedules with regard to submission, approval and publication of annual accounts. Internal audit wing was not established in DRDA, Washim District profile (Paragraph 2.1.9) District Washim was formed on 1 July, 1998 after bifurcation of the existing Akola district. Washim district is located in the western part of Vidarbha region. Akola lies to its North, Amravati to North-East, Yavatmal to East, Hingoli to South and Buldhana to West. As per census of 2011, the population of the district was lakh which was 1.06 per cent of total population of the State (1, lakh). Out of lakh, rural population was 9.86 lakh (82.37 per cent) and urban population was 2.11 lakh (17.63 per cent). The rate of literacy in the district was per cent and sex ratio (Male: Female) was1000: Administrative set-up The District Planning Committee (DPC) headed by Guardian Minister is the apex body at the district level for planning the implementation of development Schemes. The District Collector (DC) is the Member Secretary of the DPC and the sanctioning authority for all development programmes. The DC is assisted by the District Planning Officer (DPO) for implementation and monitoring of the Schemes. The administrative set-up of the district is depicted in Appendix The Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Zilla Parishad (ZP), Washim is the administrative head of the ZP as well as the Chairman of the District Rural Development Agency (DRDA). The CEO is assisted by the Project Director (PD), DRDA who ensures coordination between DRDA and Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs) viz. Block Development Officers (BDOs) of Panchayat Samitis (PSs) and Secretaries of Gram Panchayats (GPs). The DRDA is a registered society and is the principal organ at the district level to oversee the implementation of various Schemes in rural areas through the line departments of PRIs Audit objectives The objectives of audit were to assess whether: planning for various programmes was systematic; funds for various programmes were adequately managed; implementation of Schemes/programmes was effective; and an effective monitoring and internal control mechanism was in place. 10

24 Chapter II District Centric Audit Audit criteria Audit findings were benchmarked against the following criteria: District annual plans; Guidelines of the concerned programmes/schemes; and State Government rules and regulations like General Financial Rules, Maharashtra Treasury Rules Scope and methodology of audit The audit was conducted from January to June 2012 for the period The district level offices, Municipal Councils (MCs) at Mangrulpir and Washim and office of three BDOs 5 along with 49 GPs of these blocks were selected by random sampling technique. Records relating to health, education, water supply, housing, agriculture, irrigation etc. were scrutinized. An entry conference was held on 17 May 2012 with the Principal Secretary (Planning), Mantralaya, Mumbai wherein the audit objectives, audit criteria and scope of audit were discussed. An exit conference was held on 22 January 2013 with the Divisional Commissioner, Amravati. Audit findings Planning The 74 th amendment to the Constitution mandated establishment of a DPC for consolidating the plans prepared by the Panchayats and MCs in the district. Scrutiny of the records (May 2012) of DPO revealed that the DPC was constituted in March The DPC, however, did not consolidate the plans prepared by the Panchayats and MCs into an Integrated District Plan for any year. Given the fact that an expenditure of ` 1, crore had been incurred by the district authorities on Schemes/activities during , absence of consolidation of plans into integrated development plan for the district as a whole was violation of the Constitutional provision above. During exit conference (January 2013), the Divisional Commissioner, Amravati accepted the audit observation Shortfall in conduct of meetings The DPC was to meet every quarter to review the progress of implementation of the development Schemes.The District Vigilance and Monitoring Committee (DVMC) was to meet every quarter to review and monitor proper utilization of Government funds received under various centrally sponsored Schemes, take remedial action to prevent financial irregularities and keep a watch on the implementation of the programmes. 5 Malegaon, Mangrulpir and Washim 11

25 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Audit scrutiny revealed that DPC and DVMC met only 12 and 5 times respectively against required twenty times during The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation Below Poverty Line census As per guidelines issued by Ministry of Rural Development, GoI, BPL census should be conducted at the beginning of each five year plan. However, the BPL census 2002 in district Washim was completed in i.e., just a year before completion of 10 th five year plan period ( ). As a result, out of 88,698 rural BPL beneficiaries identified, only 40,999 beneficiaries could be benefited under Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) and housing Schemes during The Divisional Commissioner stated that remaining 47,699 beneficiaries would be covered in census Implementation of Schemes Social services Audit findings are as under: Health and drinking water National Rural Health Mission The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched by the GoI on 12 April 2005 for the period throughout the country. The mission aimed at providing accessible, affordable, accountable, effective and reliable healthcare facilities in the rural areas. The District Health Officer (DHO), ZP and Civil Surgeon (CS), General District Hospital are responsible for providing health care services to the people in the district through a network of one Government District Hospital (DH), seven Community Health Centers (CHCs), 25 Primary Health Centers (PHCs) and 153 Sub-Centers (SCs). Records of one Government District Hospital, Two 6 CHCs, 13 7 PHCs and 18 8 SCs were test checked. Planning The NRHM strives for decentralized planning and implementation arrangements to ensure that need based and community owned District Health Action Plans (DHAPs) become the basis for interventions in the health sector. The District Health Society (DHS) is required to prepare Perspective Plan for entire mission period ( ). However, no perspective plan was prepared Malegaon and Mangrulpir Aasegaon, Ansing, Jaulka, Kasola, Kata, Kiniraja, Medshi, Mohari, Pardi Takamor, Shelubazar, Shirpur, Tondgaon and Wanoja Borala, Chandai, Chivra, Kekatumra, Kondala Zamre, Malegaon 2, Marsul, Pangari Kute, Pardi, Phalegaon, Poti, Rajura, Shirpur1, Tandali Bk, Tandali Shewai, Tarhala, Tondgaon 1 and Warla 12

26 Chapter II District Centric Audit Household survey As per NRHM frame work, 50 per cent household survey by 2007 and 100 per cent by 2008 was aimed at for understanding the health care needs of the rural population, resource mapping and also to assess how other determinants influenced health of households such as drinking water, sanitation, employment and access to other facilities. However, household survey was not conducted by the DHS in the district. Facility survey In order to set up a benchmark for quality of service and identify the input needs, facility survey was to be conducted cent per cent by December 2008 for each facility in CHCs, PHCs, SCs and DHs. These surveys were expected to provide critical information in terms of infrastructure and human resource gaps and accordingly required to be addressed through planning process. Scrutiny revealed (April 2012) that the facility survey was not conducted in three (out of seven) CHCs, 10 (out of 25) PHCs and 63 (out of 153) SCs. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Public Report on health The NRHM is committed to publishing public report on health at the State and the district levels to report to the community at large, on the progress made in the mission activities. However, no such report was published in Washim district. As a result, the community was not aware of the available health care facilities or the ongoing activities in the district. Capacity building The NRHM framework targets provision of one SC for a population of 5,000 (3,000 in tribal area), one PHC for a population of 30,000 (20,000 in tribal area), one CHC for one lakh population (80,000 in tribal/desert area). According to population census 2011, there was a need for 33 PHCs and 197 SCs. Against which, only 25 PHCs and 153 SCs were running in the district, resulting in shortage of eight PHCs and 44 SCs. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Non-availability of infrastructure It was seen (June 2012) from the records of DHS that out of total seven CHCs, 25 PHCs and 153 SCs in the district, one CHC, three PHCs and 44 SCs were not having their own buildings. Further, in two CHCs, 13 PHCs and 18 SCs test-checked, the available infrastructure was inadequate. The position as on March 2012 was as under: 13

27 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Position of infrastructure at health care centers Particulars No. of centers where infrastructure not available CHCs PHCs SCs Designated Government building Waiting room for patients 1 3 NA Labour Room Operation Theatre -- 3 NA Emergency/Casualty Room -- 5 NA Residential facilities for staff Separate utility for Male and Female Waste disposal system Suggestion Box NA- Not Applicable (Source: Departmental figures) Lack of basic health care services The basic health care services required to be provided in the health centers were not available. Non-availability of health care services in two CHCs and 13 PHCs test-checked are detailed below: Services No. of centers where services were not available CHCs PHCs Blood storage 1 NA New born care X 7 deliveries -- 1 X-rays 2 NA Ultra-sound 2 NA ECG 1 NA Obstetric care 2 NA Emergency services (24 hours) -- 2 Family Planning (Tubectomy and -- 1 Vasectomy) Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) services -- 7 Intra-natal examination of -- 2 gynaecological conditions Pediatrics 2 NA NA- Not applicable (Source: Departmental figures) Non-installation of express feeder for uninterrupted power supply in hospitals In order to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the patients admitted in intensive care unit, casualty, operation etc., the CS proposed (October 2006) installation of 11 KV express feeder. Between August 2008 and October 2010, ` lakh was paid to Executive Engineer (EE), Public Works (Electrical) Division, Amravati. However, the work was not started even after a lapse of nearly four years resulting in inconvenience to patients. Similarly, for installation of express feeder in CHC, Karanja Lad, an amount of ` lakh was paid (February 2009) to the Executive Engineer, Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (MSEDCL), 14

28 Chapter II District Centric Audit Amravati. The work of installation of express feeder was not started even after expiry of three years. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Significant delay in commissioning of blood component separation unit A blood component separation unit (BCSU) is very crucial as patients often need particular constituents of blood such as red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma and platelets. That way one unit of blood can be used for three to four patients and the available blood can be used effectively. Audit observed that though one BCSU was purchased for DH in at a cost of ` 23 lakh, the related civil works were completed in December 2010 at a cost of ` 7.27 lakh and electrification in June 2012 at a cost of ` 5.94 lakh. The unit was yet to be commissioned (January 2013) for want of license from Food and Drugs Administration, GoM. Thus, the intended benefit of BCSU, even after investing ` lakh, could not be availed of by the patients in DH for more than four years. Achievement against performance indicators under NRHM Shortfall in achievement of infant mortality rate The NRHM prescribes national targets for reducing infant mortality rate (IMR) 9, reducing morbidity and mortality rate and increasing cure rate of different endemic diseases covered under various national programmes. The State Government fixed target of IMR at 25 per 1000 live births by As against this, the achievement in the district was below target at 48 in 2008, 37 in 2009, 38 in 2010, 36 in 2011 and 35 in The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Shortfall in administration of iron folic acid and tetanus toxoid One of the major means of safe motherhood is to register all the pregnant women before they attain 12 weeks of pregnancy and provide them with services, such as, four antenatal check-ups, 100 or more iron folic acid (IFA) tablets, two doses of tetanus toxoid (TT), advice on the correct diet, vitamin supplements and in case of complications, referring them to specialised gynaecological care. The details of administration of IFA and TT dosages to pregnant women during were as under: 9 IMR is the number of infant deaths (one year of age or younger) per thousand live births 15

29 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Year No. of pregnant women registered at health centre (CHC, PHC and SC) Administration of IFA and TT dosages No. of Percentage of pregnant pregnant women not women not receiving 100 receiving 100 days IFA days IFA tablets tablets No. of women not given TT dosages Percentage of women not given TT dosages ,758 4, , ,878 13, , , , , ,153 19, , (Source: DHS, Washim) As could be seen, the percentage of pregnant women not receiving hundred days IFA tablets was significant (86.16 per cent) in the year and percentage of women not given TT dosages also increased to per cent in the year from 5.27 per cent in The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Family Planning Family planning includes terminal method to control total fertility rate and spacing method to improve couple protection ratio 10 through vasectomy for male and tubectomy for female. The details of targets fixed and achieved were as under: Target and achievement in respect of vasectomy/tubectomy Year Target fixed Target achieved Percentage of shortfall Vasectomy Tubectomy Vasectomy Tubectomy Vasectomy Tubectomy , , , , , , , , Nil , , (Source: DHO, Washim) The percentage of shortfall in vasectomy increased from 32 per cent in to 98 per cent in , whereas, the shortfall in tubectomy came down from 38 per cent to 8 per cent during The Divisional Commissioner stated that action would be taken to motivate the people. 10 CPR is the percentage of the women in the age group of years, protected from pregnancy/child birth in the year under consideration for a specific area 16

30 Chapter II District Centric Audit Drinking Water Rural Water Supply Scheme Under National Rural Drinking Water Programme, GoI issued (April 1999) modified guidelines which included community management of drinking water Schemes. Non-transfer of completed water supply works to user agency As per Section 100 of ZP and PS Act, 1961 and Section 45 (i) of Mumbai GP Act, 1958, the projects under rural water supply scheme (RWSS) are to be constructed by Maharashtra Jeevan Pradikaran (MJP) on agency basis and are required to be taken over by local bodies after completion for operation and maintenance. The maintenance of Schemes was to be done by the concerned local body out of their own resources. Scrutiny of records (April 2012) of ZP, Washim revealed that 13 RWSSs completed by MJP at a cost of ` crore during were not taken over by the local bodies as of March 2012 as detailed below: List of completed Regional Water Supply Schemes (` in crore) Sl. no. Name of RWSS (No. of villages) Date of completion Expenditure incurred by Government 1 Dhudkheda (21) Sarsi (10) Bhamdevi (3) Vanoja (4) Manora (28) Chands (6) Jaulaka (3) Chichambhabhar (4) Dubalwel (8) Umbarda Bazar (9) Mhasani (16) Warala (4) Karada (2) Total 118 villages (Source: ZP, Washim ) Since the ZP/GP had not taken over the above 13 RWSS in Washim district for operation and maintenance, no water charges could be levied/ recovered and the RWSS could not be self-supported. On the contrary, due to nonhanding over of these assets to local bodies, the MJP had to incur an expenditure of ` lakh during on maintenance and repairs of these assets. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. 17

31 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March Education Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a comprehensive and integrated flagship programme of GoI to attain universal elementary education (UEE) in the country and aims to provide useful and relevant education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years. Planning for infrastructure development Manual on Financial Management and Procurement, 2010 of the Department of Elementary Education and Literacy, Ministry of Human Resource Development, GoI stipulated that number of schools without facilities like drinking water, kitchen shed, playground, access ramps, boundary walls and electrification should be included in the annual work plan and budget to address the gaps in school infrastructure. As per administrative approvals, the work of construction of class rooms should be completed within six months from the date of agreement. Scrutiny of records of Education Officer (Primary), ZP revealed (June 2012) that there were no basic facilities in 778 Government schools in Washim district as of March 2012 as detailed below: Shortfall in basic amenities in 778 schools Status Shortfall Kitchen shed Boundary wall Playground Electrification Drinking water Available Not available Percentage shortfall (Source: ZP, Washim) It would be seen from the table above that shortfall in provision of basic facilities ranged from 27 per cent to 55 per cent as of March Incidentally, the requirements of these basic amenities were not included in the annual plans. The Divisional Commissioner stated that an updated status on the availability of infrastructure facilities in the schools would be furnished in due course. Mid-Day Meal Scheme The National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education, commonly known as Mid-Day Meal (MDM) Scheme, was launched by GoI in August 1995 with the principal objective of boosting the universalisation of primary education by increasing enrollment, retention and learning levels of children and simultaneously improving the nutritional status of primary school children (I to V standard). The Scheme was subsequently extended ( ) to upper primary students (up to VIII standard). 18

32 Chapter II District Centric Audit Decrease in enrollment despite increase in number of schools Scrutiny of records of Education Officer (Primary), ZP in February 2012 revealed that though there was an increase in number of primary and upper primary schools (Government and aided both), the enrollment of children in the targeted age group of 6 to 10 years in all schools decreased during and despite implementation of MDM Scheme as detailed below: Details of enrollment of children in schools under MDM Scheme Year No. of primary and upper primary schools No. of children enrolled in primary and upper primary schools ,08, ,522 1,98,358 Increased by ,543 1,74,556 Decreased by 23, ,543 1,74,556 Increased by ,554 1,67,556 Decreased by 7,000 (Source: ZP, Washim) The Divisional Commissioner stated that due to shifting of students from one school to other, the number of students decreased. The reply of the Divisional Commissioner is not convincing as a shift from one school to another would not lead to any change in the total number of students. Inadequate infrastructure Infrastructure facilities such as kitchen-cum-store, kitchen devices (utensils for cooking and serving) and clean drinking water were expected to be provided under MDM Scheme. Scrutiny of records of Education Officer (Primary), ZP revealed (June 2012) that out of 1,014 schools, 345 (34 per cent) schools were not having kitchen sheds for preparation of afternoon meals. Further, 126 schools (12 per cent) were not having kitchen devices as of March The Divisional Commissioner stated that necessary facilities would be provided in future. Discontinuation in supply of meals Test check of 30 selected schools in three sampled blocks revealed that there was disruption in supply of meals to students which ranged from 5 to 199 days during , as indicated in Appendix The Divisional Commissioner stated that facts would be verified. Higher and Technical Education The District Vocational Education and Training Officer (DVETO) is responsible for the overall supervision of the Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and Government Technical High Schools (GTHSs). 19

33 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Shortage of machinery and equipment in Industrial Training Institutes One of the objectives of ITIs was to equip the students with practical knowledge and skills required for the industry. Tools and machinery as prescribed for the various courses were the basic requirements in these institutes, as a major portion of the syllabus included practical knowledge on the usage of these tools and machinery. Scrutiny of the records (April and May 2012) of three ITIs in selected blocks revealed that there was shortage of machinery and equipment valuing ` lakh in various trades as under: Shortage of machinery and equipments in ITIs (` in lakh) Sl. No. Name of ITI Cost of machinery and equipment 1. Washim Malegaon Mangrulpir Total (Source: ITIs Malegaon, Mangrulpir and Washim) Machinery lying idle in Government Technical High School In GTHS, Washim it was noticed (April 2012) that computer equipment purchased during at a cost of ` 40 lakh were lying idle in the institute as of March The Divisional Commissioner stated that an updated position would be furnished in due course. Up-gradation of ITIs into centers of excellence The Director General of Education and Training (DGET) proposed ( ) to introduce Centre of Excellence (CoE) Scheme by up-gradation of ITI, Washim. The Scheme was to be funded by the World Bank and implemented by the Ministry of Labour and Employment, GoI through District Vocational Education and Training (DVET) and the project cost was to be shared between GoI and State Government in the ratio of 75:25. These CoEs were expected to offer training on the basis of a structure designed by DGET. The National Council for Vocational Training (NCVT), Delhi was to conduct the examinations and issue certificates to the successful candidates. The Scheme envisaged training in multi-skilled courses for production of high quality craftsmen and creation of a work force of international standards. Availability of machinery, equipment and tools as per the syllabi and sufficient space as stipulated in the ITI manual was to be ensured before commencement of the courses. During , funds amounting to ` 1.92 crore were received from the Central and the State, against which, ` 1.91 crore was spent. Scrutiny of records revealed the following: Non-procurement of required machinery and equipment Scrutiny of records (April 2012) of the Principal, ITI, Washim revealed that the essential machinery and equipment valuing ` 7.67 lakh for Broad Based Basic Training (BBBT) and Advance Modules were not procured as of April 20

34 Chapter II District Centric Audit Further, against a supply order placed during , ITI, Washim drew an amount of ` lakh from the treasury between October 2010 and January 2011 towards cost of machinery and equipment. However, the machinery and equipment were not received as of April Machinery lying idle In ITI, Washim, machinery and equipment valuing ` lakh, procured during through funding from World Bank, were lying idle in the workshop for over two years (March 2012) due to non-completion of demonstration and civil works and non-availability of oxy-acetylene gas. High percentage of failed candidates To impart training in BBBT and Advance Modules under CoE, ITI, Washim required sufficient number of faculty. It was, however, observed that 10 posts of instructors were not filled up (April 2012) resulting in deficient training to the students, defeating the very objective of providing multi-skilled training. During , the percentage of failed candidates in the final examinations of BBBT ranged between 52 and 80 in ITI, Washim as detailed below: Details of failed candidates in the final examinations of BBBT Year Actual enrollment Total No. of candidates appeared Total No. of candidates passed Percentage of failed candidates (Source: ITI, Washim) Note:-Appeared more than enrollment because the failed candidates re-appeared in succeeding years Thus, non-procurement and idling of essential machinery and equipment for practical training coupled with non-filling of vacant posts of instructors impacted the quality of training, as evident from the high percentage of failure. The Divisional Commissioner stated that the matter would be investigated Employment Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) was launched by GoI in April 1999 in order to bring the poor families in rural areas above the poverty line by organizing the rural poor into Self Help Groups (SHGs) through the process of social mobilization, training and provision of income generating assets through a mix of bank credit and Government subsidy. Non-achievement of objectives of the Scheme A SHG consists of 10 to 20 members of which at least 80 per cent were to belong to BPL households. The SHGs, who were in existence for about six months and demonstrated the potential of a viable group, were eligible for getting revolving fund of ` 10,000 (Stage I). Further, at the end of six months 21

35 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 from the date of receipt of revolving fund, the SHGs, if functioning effectively, were eligible for getting loan-cum-subsidy of ` 1.25 lakh to start economic activity (Stage II). Hence, SHGs were expected to start economic activity within one year of their formation. It was, however, noticed that out of 4,670 SHGs in the district formed till 31 March 2011 and who had completed a year of their formation, 2,547 SHGs (55 per cent) had not started economic activities, defeating the very objective of the Scheme. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Ineffective implementation of the Scheme As per provision 6.4 of the SGSY guidelines, member of SHGs should cross poverty line within three years of formation. Scrutiny of records of DRDA (May 2012) revealed that 3,483 SHGs were formed as of March 2009 comprising 41,796 members 11 who should have been uplifted by March However, as of March 2012, only 1,205 out of 41,796 members (three per cent) crossed the BPL status, indicating ineffective implementation of the Scheme despite incurring an expenditure of ` crore since its inception till March The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Non-maintenance of database According to the directives issued (February 2010) by GoM, software system developed by M/s Lips and Bounds, Pune (Company) was to be installed by each DRDA, which would contain all the information of SHGs and its members including financial aid received from Government and bank from time to time. Data in prescribed format was to be provided by DRDA and the entire work of installation of software and uploading of data was to be completed within four months by the Company from the date of agreement, which was signed in July As per agreement, the cost of software development was pegged at ` 3 lakh, on line support at ` 1.50 lakh, web space at ` 30,000, installation cost ` 2,500 per block, data entry cost at ` 6 per SHG and ` 4 per member. Audit observed, while DRDA, Washim paid ` 4.29 lakh to the company (towards cost of software and on line support) in November 2011, the software had not been installed as of May Non-installation of software and non-uploading of data resulted in lack of support for better planning for requirements of SHGs. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. 11 Considering an average of 12 members per SHG 22

36 Chapter II District Centric Audit Housing and sanitation Indira Awaas Yojana The Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) which is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, with a cost sharing ratio of 75:25 between the Centre and the State, was introduced in January 1996 as an independent Scheme. The objective of the IAY is primarily to help construction of dwelling units for members of Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST), freed bonded labourers and other non- SC/ST BPL rural household by providing them with financial assistance. The admissible financial assistance for construction of one dwelling unit was ` 28,500 up to the year , ` 43,500 for and ` 68,500 from onwards excluding the beneficiary share of ` 1,500 by way of self labour. This pattern was applicable to all other housing Schemes except in Ramai Housing Scheme where beneficiary is not required to contribute his/her share. Audit scrutiny of the records of DRDA, Washim and selected BDOs revealed the following: Excess release of funds The district received a grant of ` crore during from the Centre and the State for various housing Schemes including IAY. Audit scrutiny revealed that the grant so released was excess by ` 6.64 crore, considering the number of houses sanctioned under the various housing Schemes during The excess release was retained by DRDA (May 2012). Allotment of houses As per IAY guidelines, the allotment of house should be in the name of female member of the beneficiary or in the joint names of both husband and wife. Scrutiny of records of BDOs of test-checked units revealed that out of 4, dwelling units sanctioned under various housing Schemes during , only 692 (15 per cent) dwelling units were in the names of female beneficiaries and the remaining 3,828 (85 per cent) units were in the names of male beneficiaries, which was in contravention of the Scheme guidelines. The BDOs stated that though the houses were originally sanctioned in the name of male member, the logo /display board was made in the joint name of husband and wife after completion of dwelling units. The Divisional Commissioner did not furnish any specific reply. 12 Malegaon Total sanctioned units-1,179, No. of sanctioned units in name of male-962, No. of sanctioned units in name of female-217 Mangrulpir Total sanctioned units-814, No. of sanctioned units in name of male-659, No. of sanctioned units in name of female-155 Washim Total sanctioned units-2527, No. of sanctioned units in name of male-2,207, No. of sanctioned units in name of female

37 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Non-procurement of smokeless chulhas The IAY guidelines stipulated that each dwelling unit should be provided with a smokeless chulha which is fuel efficient, smoke free, healthy for clean environment and more convenient to use. Scrutiny of records of DRDA revealed that though an amount of ` 351 per smokeless chulha per beneficiary was deducted from 6,991 beneficiaries (` lakh) of various housing Schemes 13 during , yet DRDA failed to procure the chulhas till May During exit conference, the Divisional Commissioner stated that all the smokeless chulhas had since been procured. Smokeless chulhas lying idle Scrutiny of stock registers of three test checked BDOs revealed that out of 2, smokeless chulhas purchased during , 1,657 chulhas were not distributed as of June 2012, though the cost of chulhas was recovered from the beneficiaries. During exit conference, the Divisional Commissioner stated that all the smokeless chulhas had since been distributed. Other housing Schemes Selection of beneficiaries Minority Sectoral Development Programme As per orders issued by GoM in October 2006, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Zoroastarians (Parsis) and Jains residing in the State of Maharashtra will be treated as minorities. The State Government introduced the programme of providing dwelling units to the minority beneficiaries from under Minority Sectoral Development Programme. Scrutiny of records of BDO, Washim revealed that during , dwelling units were provided to 440 beneficiaries which included Muslims-120, SCs-97 and others-223. The selection of 320 beneficiaries other than the minority community deprived the legitimate beneficiaries of the benefits. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation. Short payment to beneficiaries Ramai Housing Scheme The Ramai Housing Scheme was introduced by the State Government from As per provisions of this Scheme, if a beneficiary is from rural area, there is no requirement of contribution of beneficiary share of ` 1,500. Thus, entire amount of subsidy is payable to beneficiary as per the cost of house IAY, Ramai, Minority etc. Malegaon Total stock-885, Distributed-333, Balance-552 Mangrulpir Total stock-826, Distributed-325, Balance-501 Washim Total stock-954, Distributed-350, Balance

38 Chapter II District Centric Audit applicable to a particular year. Audit observed that DRDA paid ` 68,500 per beneficiary (May 2012) to 4,976 beneficiaries during instead of ` 70,000 per beneficiary, resulting in short payment of ` lakh 15. The Divisional Commissioner stated that the Scheme guidelines would be complied with. Total Sanitation Campaign Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) is a comprehensive programme launched by GoI in January 2004 to ensure sanitation facilities in rural areas with a broader goal of eradicating the practice of open defecation. TSC was implemented in Washim district from by the ZP. Target and achievement The position of target and achievement in respect of various components of TSC in Washim district during was as under: Target and achievement of TSC Component Target (Number) Achievement (Number) Percentage of achievement Individual household latrines (BPL) 1,07,896 44, Individual household latrines (APL) 97,057 43, School toilet units 1,526 1, Anganwadi toilets Community complex toilets (Source: Project performance report of ZP, Washim) Test-check of records of sampled blocks revealed (June 2012) that the percentage of achievement under Individual Household Latrines (BPL and APL) ranged from 28 to 45 in Mangrulpir and Malegaon blocks as of March This indicated that the objective of the Scheme was partially achieved. Huge unspent balance The position of funds received and expenditure incurred under TSC during was as follows: Funds received and expenditure incurred under TSC (` in lakh) Year Opening balance Grant received Total Expenditure Closing balance Percentage of expenditure Total 1, (Source: ZP, Washim) 15 ` 1,500 x 2,626 beneficiaries ( ) = ` lakh ` 1,500 x 2,350 beneficiaries ( ) = ` lakh 25

39 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 It was revealed that the percentage of expenditure incurred ranged from 12 per cent to 95 per cent during The unspent balance lying with the ZP at the end of March 2012 was ` 5.81 crore. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation and stated that unspent balances were due to non-achievement of targets Social infrastructure Non-utilization of infrastructure Government of Maharashtra decided (June 2006) to construct Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Samajik Nyay Bhavan (Ambedkar Bhavan) in every district of Maharashtra State with facilities such as: Library, information centre, conference hall, sitting hall, canteen, kala academy; Computer training institute with facility of Cyber Café; and A community hall for SC and Nav-buddha community for conducting community programmes at a reasonable rent. Scrutiny of records of Special District Social Welfare Officer (SDSWO), Washim revealed (February 2012) that construction of Ambedkar Bhavan in Washim district was completed at a cost of ` 4.69 crore in July 2009 in three parts i.e. Building A, Building B and Building C. While Building A was being used for the offices of Social Welfare department, the remaining two buildings constructed at a cost of ` 2.70 crore had not been put to use (January 2013). Idle investment on repairs and renovation of central jail Though the work of repairs and renovation of jail building, construction of barracks, compound wall and staff quarters at Washim was completed in March 2007, yet the possession of the jail was not taken over by the Home Department as of January 2013, thereby rendering an expenditure of ` 3.82 crore unproductive. Audit observed that the Public Works Department (PWD) had been reminding the Jail authorities since November 2007 to take over the possession and the jail authorities certified in 2009 that the infrastructure was sufficient to make the jail functional. However, the possession was not taken over resulting in theft of material and deterioration of the structure. Pending possession of the jail, the inmates were lodged in Akola jail located at a distance of 80 km from Washim. Audit also observed that the Police had to bring the inmates from Akola to Washim for attending the court and take them back daily. This necessitated deployment of one police vehicle and security personnel for which an approximate expenditure of ` lakh 16 had been incurred by the Home 16 ` 45,900 per month x 12 months x 5 years 26

40 Chapter II District Centric Audit Department during This expenditure could have been avoided had the jail been taken over in March 2007 after renovations and construction. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation Local bodies Urban development As per recommendations of the 12 th Finance Commission ( ), the Municipal Councils (MCs) were required to prepare comprehensive project plans for solid waste management and other related works; utilise per cent of the TFC grants on solid waste management; and per cent of the grant on other related works. Disposal of Municipal solid waste Municipal Councils, Washim and Mangrulpir Under the jurisdiction of MC, Washim MT of garbage per day was being generated, of which, 22 per cent was recyclable waste, 41 per cent was bio-degradable waste and mixed waste was 37 per cent. To collect the waste, nine vehicles were being deployed in the town. Audit, however, observed that a waste disposal plant procured in August 2010 was not set up as of January 2013 even after incurring expenditure of ` lakh 17. Similarly, under the jurisdiction of MC, Mangrulpir, 7.5 MT of garbage per day was being generated. However, no solid waste disposal plant was set up in the town despite the fact that a proposal to this effect was mooted way back in March 2008 by the Directorate of Municipal Administration, Mumbai. Consequently, solid waste was being disposed of in both the MCs in an unorganized and unscientific manner in the dumping yard. The Divisional Commissioner, Amravati accepted the audit observation Economic services Irrigation One Minor Irrigation Division (MID) at Washim was handling two medium and 81 minor irrigation projects in the district. However, with a view to removing irrigation backlog in the district, GoM established three 18 more divisions. Audit scrutiny of these four irrigation divisions revealed the following: Machinery ` 7 lakh ; construction of plant ` lakh Minor Irrigation (Local Sector) Division, Washim in October 2007, MID-II, Karanja in May 2008 and MID-III, Washim in May

41 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Creation and utilisation of irrigation potential Against the targeted irrigation potential (IP) of 27,214 hectares (ha), IP of 11,483 ha (42 per cent) was created during Out of this, IP of 1,867 ha (16 per cent) only could be utilised. Non-adherence to the recommendations of the High Power Committee on planning A High Power Committee (HPC) headed by the Secretary, Planning Department was set up to review the status of irrigation projects across the State. As per the recommendations of said committee (November 2001), projects on which expenditure incurred was above 75 per cent were to be completed first. The projects on which expenditure incurred was between 50 and 75 per cent were to be taken up next and projects with expenditure less than 50 per cent were to be stopped. The divisions incurred an expenditure of ` crore during on 59 new projects. There were 15 old projects on which more than 50 per cent expenditure was incurred as of March These projects were taken up between August 1995 and May 2006 and required a further expenditure of ` crore for their completion. If the recommendations of the HPC had been followed scrupulously, the older projects could have been prioritized and completed early. The Divisional Commissioner stated that the old projects would be completed under intensive irrigation programme Soil and water conservation Vidarbha Watershed Development Mission Vidarbha Watershed Development Mission (VWDM) was included in the Farmers package of Government of Maharashtra. The State Government issued guidelines on VWDM in September VWDM aimed at ensuring availability of water for irrigation, achieving water conservation and generating agro-based self-employment through development of watersheds in the six suicide-prone districts in the State including Washim. The nodal agency for implementation of works under VWDM is the Agriculture Department. The works under a watershed project include treatments like continuous contour trenches (CCT), graded bunding (GB), loose boulder structure (LBS), farm ponds (FPs), cement nalla bandhara (CNB) and mati nalla bandhara (MNB). Non-contribution to watershed development fund and non-maintenance of watershed structures As per the guidelines issued by GoI for Hariyali Scheme, which were also reiterated by the State Government, the Watershed Development Committees (WSDCs) were required to create a Watershed Development Fund (WDF) for maintenance of various works carried out under VWDM. Contributions to WDF were to be made by the individual beneficiaries at a minimum 10 per 28

42 Chapter II District Centric Audit cent of the cost of works executed on individual lands and in case of SCs/STs and persons identified below the poverty line, at five per cent. In three test-checked talukas, 46 Village WSDCs carried out treatment works like GB, CNB, MNB and FPs on 66 watershed projects during under VWDM by incurring an expenditure of ` crore. However, contribution by the Village WSDCs at the rate of five per cent (minimum) amounting to ` lakh was not recovered and credited to WDF. Consequently, no maintenance expenditure was incurred during by the District Superintending Agriculture Officer (DSAO). Check dams under Prime Minister s package Construction of check dams in six suicide-prone districts of Maharashtra (including Washim) was included under the Prime Minister s package announced by GoI in July The Commissioner of Agriculture (CoA), Maharashtra State, Pune issued instructions (August 2006) regarding the construction of check dams stating inter alia that in order to avoid the deposit of silt, works should be executed on the single rivulet/nalla in a chain system and beneficiaries should construct small mati nalla bandh on the sides of their field. To arrest silting, the department should also construct gabion structure on the upper reaches of the chain system from other sources like district fund, backlog, etc. Non-construction of gabion structures GoI fixed a target of 1,500 check dams (500 per year per district, including Washim) in July 2006 to be constructed in a period of three years ( ). Audit observed that against the target of 1,500 check dams fixed by GoI to be completed at a cost of ` 30 crore, the DSAO could complete 1,491 check dams at a cost of ` crore by Further, the DSAO undertook construction of 54 additional check dams by diverting the district and backlog funds (` 1.16 crore) earmarked for gabion structures, which could not be completed as of March As a result, neither gabion structures could be constructed nor the DSAO could ensure the completion of check dams. The completion certificates in respect of the check dams were yet to be issued by the Taluka Agriculture Officers as of January During a joint field visit with the departmental officials (April 2012) to village Chandas (Taluka- Malegaon), audit observed huge deposit of silt in a number of check dams due to non-construction of gabion structures. The Divisional Commissioner accepted the audit observation and stated that completion certificates would be furnished. 19 1,500-1,491 = (additional check dams) = 63 29

43 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March Evaluation and monitoring Delay in finalization of annual accounts The annual statement of accounts of the ZP should be prepared on or before 10 July of the following financial year for placing before the Finance Committee of the ZP by 10 August. Subsequently, these accounts are to be approved on or before 30 September by ZPs and finally, an abstract of statement of accounts in Government Gazette is required to be published before 15 November. It was observed (February 2012) from the records of the Chief Accounts and Finance Officer (CAFO), ZP, Washim that there was a delay of 16 months in approval of accounts by ZP for the year ; two months in publishing of accounts for and eight months for the accounts of The annual accounts for the year were not published in the Government Gazette as of January Internal Control Mechanism Non-establishment of Internal Audit Wing As per the guidelines issued by the DRDA, an internal audit wing should be established with one of the Accounts Officers performing the role of internal auditor. Scrutiny of records revealed (June 2012) that the internal audit wing was not established in DRDA, Washim during the period Scrutiny of records of the CAFO revealed (June 2012) that internal audit of nine out of 12 departments of ZP and six PSs of Washim district was not conducted by CAFO during Conclusion The District Planning Committee did not prepare integrated district plan in any year covering the entire gamut of activities for overall development of the district. The district was short of health centres and minimum infrastructure. Thirteen Rural Water Supply Schemes completed by Maharashtra Jeevan Pradikaran at a cost of ` crore during were not taken over by the local bodies as of March There was feeding interruption under Mid Day Meal Scheme which ranged between 5 and 199 days. Non-procurement and idling of essential machinery and equipment for practical training with non-filling of vacant posts of instructors under Centre of Excellence Scheme for upgrading the ITI impacted the quality of training. The central jail has not been taken over by the Home Department even after more than five years of its renovation and an expenditure of ` 3.82 crore. Since the inception of SGSY Scheme in 1999, only three per cent of the beneficiaries crossed the BPL status till March 2012 despite incurring an expenditure of ` crore. Waste disposal plants were not set up by MCs, Washim and Mangrulpir utilising 12 th FC Grants. There was delay in finalisation of annual accounts of ZP. Necessary structure to arrest silting was not raised for check dams constructed at a cost of ` crore. 30

44 Chapter II District Centric Audit Recommendations The Government may: ensure that the DPC prepares an integrated district plan for the overall development of the district; conduct a survey to identify the gaps in health care infrastructure and facilities; ensure that there are no feeding interruptions under Mid Day Meal Scheme; ensure effective implementation of SGSY Scheme in order to lift the targeted number of beneficiaries above poverty line; expedite setting up of waste management facilities in Municipal Councils; ensure construction of gabion structures to arrest silting in check dams; and ensure timely submission, approval and publication of annual accounts of Zilla Parishad. The matter was referred to the Government in October 2012; their reply was awaited as of January

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48 Chapter III Audit of Transactions Audit of transactions of the Government Departments, their field formations as well as that of the autonomous bodies brought out instances of fraud, lapses in management of resources and failures in the observance of the norms of regularity, propriety and economy. These have been presented in the succeeding paragraphs under broad objective heads. 3.1 Fraudulent drawal/misappropriation/embezzlement/losses Fraudulent payment Public Works Department The Public Works Department made a payment of ` lakh to two contractors towards purchase of bitumen without obtaining original invoices as stipulated in the contract. Cross-verification by Audit subsequently revealed that the duplicate invoices on the basis of which the payments were admitted were forged. Work of improvement of 76 Km Malharpeth-Pandharpur State Highway was awarded (February 2008) to M/s U.P. Bagal, Solapur (contractor) by the Executive Engineer, Public Works Division, Pandharpur, District Solapur (EE) at a cost of ` 1.48 crore The work was to be completed in eight months from the date of issue of work order i.e., by October As per the contractual conditions bulk bitumen was to be procured and brought by the contractor at his own cost from any reputed Government refinery. Further, the contract also stipulated that the original challan and delivery memo of the bitumen obtained from the Government refinery should be submitted to the Engineer-in-charge and the same should be recorded in the measurement book of that work. Scrutiny of running account bills (R A Bills) in March 2010 paid by EE to the contractor during the period from September 2008 to October 2008 revealed that 14 photocopies, instead of original invoices, involving purchase of MT of bitumen from Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) valued at ` lakh were attached to the paid R A bills. As some of these invoices had the same delivery number but different dates, a cross verification with HPCL was done by Audit to ascertain the genuineness of the invoices attached to R A Bills. On cross verification, the HPCL, Mumbai confirmed (May 2010 and September 2011) that out of 14 photocopies of invoices involving purchase of MT bitumen at ` lakh were not issued/ generated by it. This indicated that the copies of the invoices furnished by the contractor in 20 Remaining three invoices not included as they were not legible

49 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 support of purchase of bitumen were fake. The work was completed and the final bill was not paid (December 2011). A similar case was noticed in respect of contract for strengthening the Padegaon Dahegaon road (chainage from 33/700 to 35/400) awarded (August 2009) by the Executive Engineer, Public Works Division, Sangamner, District Nashik to M/s Sai Shanti Construction. The value of contract was ` lakh to be completed in nine months i.e., by May Three out of eight delivery challans submitted by M/s Sai Shanti Construction in support of purchase of MT of bitumen at a cost of ` lakh, on cross verification (September 2011) by Audit with HPCL, were also found to be not generated from its terminal. Thus, payment made without obtaining original invoices as per the contractual condition and non-verification of the genuineness of the 14 duplicate invoices as detailed above indicated weak internal controls, resulting in fraudulent payment of ` lakh 21. The matter was referred to the Government in June 2012; their reply was awaited as of January Non-compliance with rules and regulations For sound financial administration and financial control, it is essential that expenditure conforms to the financial rules, regulations and orders issued by the competent authority. This not only prevents irregularities, misappropriations and frauds, but also helps in maintaining good financial discipline. Some of the audit findings on non-compliance with rules and regulations are as under: Water Resources Department Irregular extra expenditure due to violation of contract conditions Irregular admission of claim for an extra item rate list in deviation of contract conditions resulted in an extra expenditure of ` 3.73 crore. The Executive Engineer, Minor Irrigation Division, Jalgaon (EE) under TIDC 22 awarded (March 2002) a lump sum contract to a contractor for designing, planning and construction of a dam at Shree Padmalaya-II, Taluka Erandol, District Dhule at a tendered cost of ` crore (4.89 per cent above the cost put to tender of ` crore). The work was to be completed in 84 months (March 2009) M/s U. P. Bagal Constructions: 11 invoices for ` lakh and M/s Sai Shanti Constructions : 3 invoices for ` lakh = ` lakh Tapi Irrigation Development Corporation 34

50 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions Special conditions of contract inter alia stipulated that (i) the contractor would carefully examine the work and site conditions and fully inform himself of the availability of construction material, local conditions etc. before quoting his offer; and (ii) the contract being lump sum, the bid price of which was based on the contractor s own design, no extra items/financial claims of the contractor would be considered. Scrutiny of the records (October 2010) of EE revealed that as per approved estimates, the quantity of black soil required for gorge filling work was 945,435 cum which was to be transported from a distance of two to three km within the submergence area. However, the contractor transported only 183,012 cum of black soil from the submergence area and the remaining 762,423 cum was brought from a private land situated at a distance of eight km. This entailed an irregular extra expenditure of ` 3.73 crore which was sanctioned (July 2009) by the Superintending Engineer, Jalgaon Irrigation Project Circle, Jalgaon as an extra item rate list in violation of contract conditions mentioned above. An amount of ` 2.66 crore was paid to the contractor as of January 2011 (up to 36 th Running Account bill). The EE stated (October 2010) that the contractor reported and claimed from time to time that black soil in required quantity was not available within two to three km of submergence area. In order to complete the work on time it was necessary to carry 762,423 cum of soil from a distance of eight km. Hence, the contractor s claim for ` 3.73 crore was sanctioned and paid. The reply is not acceptable because the contractor was expected to be aware of the site conditions before quoting for the work and being a lump sum contract he was not entitled to any extra items/financial claims, as stipulated in the special conditions of contract. The fact that only 58 per cent of work has been completed as of July 2012 (against the target date of March 2009) further undermines the justification furnished by the EE that deviation from contract conditions was allowed in order to ensure timely implementation of the work. The matter was reported to the Government (March 2012); their reply was awaited as of January Avoidable extra expenditure The Water Resources Department incurred an avoidable expenditure of ` crore due to change in alignment of a canal work necessitated by failure in obtaining prior approval of Central Government under Forest (Conservation) Act, As per Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 no forest land or any portion thereof should be used for any non-forest purpose without the prior approval of the Central Government. The work of construction of earth work, structures and lining in Km 1 to 10 of Chinchala distributory of Chinchala branch canal was awarded (March 2007) 35

51 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 to a contractor at a tendered cost of ` crore with stipulation to complete the work within 36 calendar months (March 2010). Scrutiny of records (February 2011) of Executive Engineer, Upper Penganga Project Division No.6, Nanded revealed that during the land acquisition procedure in March 2007 the departmental officers were aware of the fact that the initial alignment of Chinchala branch canal was passing through forest land and therefore, it was mandatory to obtain the prior approval of the Central Government under Forest (Conservation) Act, However, this key regulatory requirement was bypassed and the work was commenced forthwith. Consequently, after implementing works estimating ` 8.22 crore up to 7 th running account bill, the work was stopped by the Forest Division, Nanded in September 2008 on the ground that alignment of distributory in chainage number 5,900 meter to 9,200 meter was passing through forest land, for which no prior permission of the Central Government was obtained. At this juncture, instead of referring the matter to the Central Government for its approval, the Superintending Engineer, Upper Penganga Project Circle, Nanded (SE) granted permission (November 2008) to an alternative alignment which involved underground excavation of tunnel in hard strata from RD 5,360 meter to RD 7,430 meter, on the ground that getting clearance of Central Government for diversion of forest land for non-forestry use would be time consuming. This action led to an unprecedented increase in the quantity of excavation from the initial tendered quantity of 27,118 cum to 87,966 cum 23 as well as sanction of an additional payment of ` crore to the contractor (@` 3, per cum) in April 2009 under clause 38 of the agreement, which was largely avoidable. As of September 2012, the work was still under progress and an expenditure of ` crore was incurred, including an expenditure of ` crore incurred under clause 38. The Government accepted (August 2012) that while submitting the land acquisition proposal to the Collector, Nanded the alignment was passing through the forest land. It further stated that the project was included in Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme and therefore, it was obligatory to achieve the targeted irrigation potential. However, past experience showed that clearance of forest land from the Central Government took long time which would have delayed the achievement of irrigation potential target in the instant case. Hence, an alternative canal alignment was finalized by avoiding the forest land and tender action was initiated to extend the irrigation benefits at the earliest. The Government, however, added that even if the forest land had been identified at the time of survey alignment the present changed alignment would be the alignment of canal on which the work was finally executed and hence, there was no additional expenditure. However, the fact remained that even after establishing an alternative alignment the envisaged objective of timely extending the irrigation benefits 23 Quantity of item under agreement As per agreement conditions upto 125% Expected total quantity as per new alignment Excess quantity (above 125%) 27,118 cum 33,897 cum 87,966 cum 54,069 cum 36

52 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions was seriously affected due to delay in implementation of the project by more than 2½years, besides, leading to an avoidable expenditure of ` crore Undue benefit to contractors The action of two irrigation corporations to load excise duty in the estimates for erection of radial gates and allied works in execution of three irrigation projects resulted in undue benefit of ` 9.44 crore to contractors. As per General Exemption Notification No. 53 of Central Excise Tariff , all goods fabricated at site of work for use in construction work attract nil rate of duty. Work of fabrication and erection of radial gates, stop log gates and hoisting arrangement etc. of three irrigation projects 24 in two divisions 25 of Vidarbha Irrigation Development Corporation (VIDC) and TIDC was awarded to three contractors between November 2006 and August The works were to be completed between May 2009 and October Scrutiny of records (July and October, 2011) of these divisions revealed that Central Excise Duty (CED) at the rate of 16 to per cent was included in the estimated cost of radial gates, stop log gates and hoist provided in the Schedule B of contract. But, since the contractors had brought the raw material to the site of the project for fabrication and erection of gates and allied works, therefore, no CED was payable. The action of project authorities to load the rate of these items with CED thus, resulted in undue benefit to the contractors to the extent of ` 9.44 crore, of which, an amount of ` 4.61 crore had already been paid as of May The details are indicated in Appendix 3.1. The Government stated (September 2012) that in respect of the irrigation project under VIDC, the contractor had fabricated parts of radial gates at his workshop and would pay the required CED. Therefore, it would not be fair to say that the contractor was getting any undue benefit from the department. The reply is not acceptable as CED was required to be paid by the contactor on the finished goods before its removal from manufacturing premises / factory gate. Regarding the remaining two projects under TIDC, the Government stated that the estimates were loaded with CED on the assumption that the contractors will manufacture the gates and the allied parts at the workshop in Dhule. The Government further contended that had CED not been loaded in the estimates, then the cost of establishing workshop at site and allied expenses incurred by the contractors would have to be loaded in the estimates (i)lower Panzara (Akkal Pada) Medium Project, Taluka Sakri, District Dhule. (ii)wadi Shewadi Medium Project, Taluka Sindkhada, District Dhule (iii) Jigaon Medium Project, Taluka Nandura, District Buldhana (a) Dhule Medium Project Division No 1, Dhule (TIDC) (b)wan Project Division, Shegaon, District Buldhana (VIDC) 37

53 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 The reply is not acceptable as the contractors had carried out fabrication works at the dam site and availed of CED exemption. Therefore, loading of CED in the estimates ab initio by the department was wrong. Further, evidence available with audit indicated that the department had already factored in the workshop charges in the estimates for fabrication of radial gates and therefore, the contention of the Government in this regard was also not based on facts Irregular payment to a contractor The action of the Water Resources Department to entrust the repair works on a tunnel completed eight years ago as an extra item not only breached the provisions of Maharashtra Public Works Manual but also resulted in irregular payment of ` 0.99 crore to the contractor. As per Para 200 of the Maharashtra Public Works (MPW) Manual, tenders should invariably be invited publicly for all works except for extra items which should be undertaken as part of the original work and the work originally undertaken is in progress and the items which are really inseparable from the original contract and cannot conveniently be done by a different agency. Further, as per Para 228 no extra item should be got executed from the contractor on oral orders or in anticipation of the sanction of the competent authority. Scrutiny of records of Executive Engineer, Tillari Head Works Division No.1, Konalkatta (EE) revealed (December 2011) that the third revised administrative approval for Tillari interstate irrigation project, district Sindhudurg was accorded (June 2008) at a cost of ` 1, crore by the Water Resources Department, Government of Maharashtra (Department). It was further observed that a sub-work for construction of concrete lining for tunnel in Km 9 (8065 m) and 10 (9198 m) i.e., 1,133 meters of Banda Branch Canal of Tillari interstate irrigation project was awarded to M/s V I Shetty & Company at an estimated cost of ` two crore. The work order was issued in February 2006 with stipulated period of 12 months for completion of work. Periodical extensions were granted to the contractor up to May During the inspection of the Irrigation Cum Power Outlet 26 (ICPO) of Tillari irrigation project in August and September 2009, the EE observed that the cement lining at the top of the tunnel in ch 710 m to 900 m (original length ch. 306 m to 1440 m) at 13 to 14 places had come down and cracks were noticed in cement concrete, which required repairs. The EE submitted (08 November 2009) a proposal to the Superintending Engineer (SE) for execution of these repair works under extra item rate list (EIRL) from M/s Shetty as a part of his original work, on the ground that it would take longer time to complete the work if taken up after inviting tenders. It was also mentioned in the proposal that M/s Shetty had completed the original work to the extent of 95 per cent and was ready to execute the repair work. The proposal was further forwarded (30 November 2009) by the SE to the Chief Engineer (CE) for according technical sanction. 26 Another sub-work of Tillari irrigation project which was completed in May

54 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions Audit scrutiny of relevant documents (measurement books and running account bills) revealed the following : As per measurement book, M/s Shetty undertook repair works on the tunnel on 17 November Whereas, the CE accorded technical sanction on 02 December Thus, the repair works were undertaken before obtaining the approval of the competent authority, in contravention of Para 228 of the MPW Manual. The original work for which M/s Shetty was engaged (concrete cement lining) in February 2006 was actually completed in February 2009 as evident from the measurement book. On the other hand, the repair works on the tunnel entrusted to him was taken up in November 2009 i.e. after a time lag of nine months. While M/s Shetty was paid ` 3.22 crore for the original work, he was additionally paid ` 0.99 crore for the repair works, as EIRL as part of his original work. Thus, entrusting the repair works to M/s Shetty without inviting tenders for a work at a different location and which already stood completed way back in May 2001 also contravened Para 200 of MPW Manual. The Government stated (May 2012) that Tillari is an interstate project of Governments of Maharashtra and Goa. It was mandatory to release water for drinking and irrigation purpose for Goa State from 25 December 2009 and the period available for repair work was very less. As the repair work was of specific nature and due to urgency, the work was carried out on EIRL through an experienced agency (M/s Shetty) who was immediately available at the same site of Tillari Project carrying out the similar work of concrete lining of tunnel Km 9 to 10 of Banda Branch canal. The Government further stated that the work was carried out on war footing and completed before 26 December 2009 and water released on the same day. As both the works were within the scope of the Tillari Project, the decision was taken in the interest of timely water supply for drinking and irrigation purpose in the States of Maharashtra and Goa. The reply furnished by the Government is not borne out of facts and therefore, lacks conviction. If it was considered mandatory by the Government to release water to Goa State within the ambit of interstate agreement, inspection of the tunnel, which already stood completed way back in May 2001, could have been carried out well in advance. Further, the contention that an experienced agency was immediately available at the same site carrying out the similar work is also not maintainable because the agency in question (M/s Shetty) had completed his original work in February 2009, whereas, the repair works on the tunnel was entrusted to him after a time lag of nine months in November Thus, the action of the Department to award the repair works on the tunnel under EIRL not only breached the provisions of MPW manual but also resulted in an irregular payment of ` 0.99 crore to the contractor. 39

55 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March Audit against propriety/expenditure without justification Authorisation of expenditure from public funds has to be guided by the principles of propriety and efficiency of public expenditure. Authorities empowered to incur expenditure are expected to enforce the same vigilance as a person of ordinary prudence would exercise in respect of his own money and should enforce financial order and strict economy at every step. Audit has detected instances of impropriety and extra expenditure, some of which are discussed below: Water Resources Department Avoidable extra expenditure Failure of the Water Resources Department to consult the Public Works Department before taking up the work of construction of protection bund in Bhandara city resulted in an avoidable extra expenditure of ` crore. The Buildings and Communications Department of Government of Maharashtra instructed in August 1974 that at the stage of investigation of any irrigation project, the Executive Engineer of Water Resources Department (WRD) should intimate the Executive Engineer and Superintending Engineer of Public Works Department (PWD) the details of the road works which are affected or likely to be submerged, so as to enable the PWD to start investigation for alternative routes and preparation of plan and estimates. The Irrigation Department also directed (December 1982) that both WRD and PWD should inform each other and obtain permission/noc from each other before execution of any road work. If the WRD desires to execute any road work they should do so only after obtaining the technical sanction to plans and estimates from PWD and also obtain their technical guidance and approval for any changes made during the execution of road work. The Chief Engineer, Gosikhurd Project, Nagpur accorded (July 2006) technical sanction of ` crore 27 for construction of a protection bund for Bhandara town along with appurtenant works based on a back water study of Gosikhurd Irrigation Project which had reported that about 2,201 houses in Bhandara would be affected due to back water of the project. The work was awarded to a contractor at a cost ` crore in November 2007 for completion within 24 months i.e. by November As of September 2012, the work was still under progress and an expenditure of ` crore was incurred which included an extra payment of ` crore for execution of increased quantities of five 28 items of work under Clause 38 of agreement At Schedule of Rates (CSR) Item No. 20(a) : Providing and constructing in-situ CC lining of M20 grade trap/granite etc. (ii) Item No. 21 : Providing and fixing in position Mild Steel, HYSD bar reinforcement (iii) Item No. 22 : Filling in plinth and floor (iv) Item No. 24 : Providing expansion joint etc. (v) Item No. 25 : Providing and fixing three coats of water proof cement paint 40

56 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions Scrutiny of records of Executive Engineer, Goshikhurd Rehabilitation Division, Ambadi, District Bhandara (EE) revealed (March 2010) that National Highway number six (NH) heading towards Sakoli and State Highway number 271 (SH) heading towards Tumsar were crossing Bhandara city in the east-west and north-south directions respectively. To connect these two highways, one link road SH 271(A) in the north-east direction was in existence, under the control of PWD, which was coming under the submergence of Gosikhurd reservoir. The alignment of proposed protection bund was intersecting SH 271 (A) and SH 271. PWD pointed out in October 2007 that as the height of protection bund had been kept at five to seven feet, the utility of link road would be lost and traffic would have to be diverted through Bhandara city leading to traffic jam and accidents. Subsequently, in a meeting of Superintending Engineer, PWD and Gosikhurd Project Circle, Nagpur held in January 2008 it was decided to construct road of state highway standard over the protection bund by increasing its top width so that it could be used as a link road and heavy vehicular traffic coming from Sakoli side and heading towards Tumsar would not pass through Bhandara city. Incidentally, while the WRD had already awarded the work for construction of protection bund in November 2007, the decision to construct the diversion road of state highway standard on the protection bund was taken post facto only in January 2008 after consultations with the PWD, thus, necessitating implementation of extra items of work through a separate contract. The extra work was awarded to another contractor in June 2009 at a cost of ` crore 29 for completion within 24 months. Also, an Extra Item Rate List (EIRL) amounting to ` 6.60 crore in respect of nine items of work 30, which were not initially envisaged in the original contract, as well as payment amounting to ` 6.44 crore under clause 38 for execution of 1,24,355 cum of additional earthwork for construction of casing zone with selected material at the rate of ` per cum, were also sanctioned to the contractor who was entrusted with increased scope of work. As of September 2012, an expenditure of ` crore was incurred against the second contract and the work was still in progress. Evidently, if the PWD had been consulted before preparation of original estimates for the protection bund, the works could have been executed at the rates based on CSR The action of the WRD to not consult the PWD ahead of awarding the work of protection bund resulted in an extra expenditure of ` crore as detailed below: At SoR (i) Supplying of trap/granite/quartzite/gneiss stone metal 80 mm size; (ii) Supplying of trap/granite/quartzite/gneiss stone metal 40 mm size; (iii) Supplying soft murrum at the road side; (iv) Supplying sand at road side; (v) Spreading 80mm metal including sectioning complete; (vi) Spreading 40mm metal including sectioning complete; (vii) Spreading gravel/sand/soft murrum; (viii) Compacting 80mm subgrade/gravel, over size metal (200mm loose) layers; and (ix) Compacting 40 mm subgrade/gravel, over size metal (100mm loose) layers 41

57 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Sl.No. Extra expenditure due to Amount (in ` ) 1. Awarding of fresh work 4,16,00, Clause 38 5,65,94,388,68 3. Sanction of extra item rate list 3,01,43, ,83,37, The item-wise details of extra expenditure incurred on account of awarding of fresh work, clause 38 and extra item rate list are indicated in Appendix 3.2. The Government stated (September 2012) that the decision to construct the link road over the protection bund was taken as per the demand of people. It further stated that even if PWD had been consulted they would have suggested protection bund as a road structure as per their requirements and specifications. It added that the requirements were incorporated as and when the necessity cropped up, hence, it was not possible to ascertain the requirements of the PWD and accommodate the same in the estimates of Considering the price escalation on initial work, the action taken was reasonable. The reply of Government is not acceptable as the WRD in the instant case failed to coordinate with PWD in violation of the existing instructions, leading to an avoidable extra expenditure of ` crore. Maharashtra Krishna Valley Development Corporation Avoidable extra expenditure due to non-observance of Government directives Non-observance of Government directives by the Water Resources Department in not including plum concrete in the tender ab initio for construction of a minor irrigation tank led to an avoidable extra expenditure of ` 1.73 crore. The Irrigation Department, Government of Maharashtra issued directives in July 2002 that all future dam works for irrigation purpose should invariably be constructed in concrete in order to increase the life of the dam. The Maharashtra Krishna Valley Development Corporation (MKVDC) accorded administrative approval (June 2000) for construction of a minor irrigation tank at Ghangaldara (taluka Junnar) in Pune at a cost of ` 4.55 crore. Technical sanction was accorded (August 2004) by the Chief Engineer, Pune at a cost of ` 6.50 crore. The work was awarded to a contractor in February 2006 at a cost of ` 6.06 crore for completion in 36 months (February 2009). However, the work could not be commenced due to increase in cost of acquisition of land, schedule of rates, changes in the original design etc. The Water Resources Department (Department) accorded (June 2009) revised 42

58 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions administrative approval to the work at a cost of ` crore. The work was completed at a cost of ` 17.31crore 31 within the extended period in May Scrutiny of records of Executive Engineer, Minor Irrigation Division, Pune revealed (July 2010) that the Department provided for uncoursed rubble (UCR) masonry in the initially sanctioned technical estimates for waste weir 32 on the assumption that the foundation would be met at shallow depth. However, during actual execution of work, hard strata for foundation of waste weir were not available at shallower depth, leading to modification of design of waste weir, necessitating use of plum concrete post facto. Since the item plum concrete was not included in the tender ab initio this had to be sanctioned as an extra item rate list (EIRL) leading to an avoidable extra expenditure of ` 1.73 crore as indicated in Appendix 3.3. The Government stated (August 2012) that while according technical sanction in August 2004 the possibility of providing plum concrete instead of UCR masonry was duly considered keeping in view the Government directives of July However, the same was not included as the total project cost in that case would have exceeded the administratively approved cost. It added that even if the provision of plum concrete had been included in the original sanctioned technical estimates, expenditure would have to be incurred in any case. Hence, no avoidable extra expenditure was involved in this case. The reply of the Government clearly indicated that provision of plum concrete was not considered initially in order to retain the total project cost within the administratively approved amount, which in the process, violated the Government directives. Further, if the Department had included plum concrete in the initially sanctioned technical estimates, the district schedule of rates for would have applied (instead of the rates of ), leading to savings of ` 1.73 crore. Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Department Unfruitful expenditure on fresh water prawn hatchery project Improper planning and implementation of fresh water prawn hatchery project at Dapchari in district Thane led to an unfruitful expenditure of ` 7.88 crore. The Government of Maharashtra (GoM) took up the fresh water prawn hatchery Project in the State under the Financial Protocol signed in January 1996 between the Government of India and the French Republic. The project cost was to be shared in the ratio of 80:20 with the French Republic contributing in the form of 80 per cent soft loan and the remaining 20 per cent was to be provided by GoM. The GoM and M/s COFREPECHE (French consultant) entered into a contract in June 1997, which became effective from Land acquisition: ` 2.46 crore; Works: ` crore; Other works related to the project: ` 0.82 crore; It is an escape provided for passage of surplus water from a tank or reservoir 43

59 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 December 1997, for implementation of the Project. The objectives of the Project inter alia were to: support the existing aquaculture sector in Maharashtra by providing good quality juveniles of fresh water prawns; and develop a modern aquaculture sector aiming at higher production of freshwater prawns. Scrutiny of records of the project revealed (June 2011) that during the period to , preliminary design, detailed engineering design, procurement and installation of equipment and transfer of technology and technical support services were accomplished with the assistance of the French consultant under the financial protocol. Apart from this, construction of civil works, overseas training to officers etc. was completed with the assistance of the funds released by the GoM from time to time. Thereafter, biological start-up was completed in two phases in November-December 2006 and July-August 2007 and post-larvae trial production was completed in August Audit, however, observed that even after an investment of ` 6.88 crore 33 on the project as of June 2012, the actual production during the period , against the targeted production capacity of 30 million post-larvae per annum for the first year (due to normal learning process) and 40 million post-larvae per annum in the subsequent years, was abysmally low as indicated below: Year Target Actual production Percentage of production ,00,000 60, ,00,000 1,50, ,00,000 1,00, ,00,000 Nil ,00,000 Nil 0 Scrutiny in audit revealed improper planning and deficiencies in the implementation of the project which contributed to poor production during the period and nil production during The broad reasons for failure of the project were as follows: The project was located in a remote and tribal area of Dapchari, district Thane with frequent power breakdown ranging between 12 and 15 hours a day, despite the fact that the project required continuous power supply. The generator supplied by the French Republic could not be repaired due to non-availability of spare parts; There was horizontal and vertical seepage into pre-growing and breeder ponds which could not be plugged. As a result water storage was not possible beyond 24 hours; 33 ` 2.87 crore from French assistance and ` 4.01 crore spent by the GoM 44

60 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions The design of larvae tank was defective due to which indirect sunlight was not available; Canal water was to be filtered before storing but due to nonavailability of filtering facility post-larvae was affected by white tail disease; and Non-receipt of funds for production during In view of number of bottlenecks in the project, the French consultant during the second year of production recommended (October 2008) alternative water supply arrangements, construction of storage pond and tube well, additional staff for engineering and biological support and ultimately, privatisation of the farm after adaptation of technology, following satisfactory demonstration of production. The Commissioner of Fisheries based on the recommendation of the consultant also submitted (September 2009 and August 2012) a proposal to the Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Department (department) for privatisation of the project. While the project was continuously plagued by poor production during and and nil production during and , no action was taken by the department on the recommendations of the consultant and Commissioner of Fisheries. On the other hand, the project incurred an expenditure of ` lakh on salaries and contingencies during and The Commissioner of Fisheries stated (September 2012) that the recommendations of the consultant could not be acted upon due to normal Government procedure adopted in preparation of proposal, estimates and approval from the concerned authorities. Thus, despite a time lag of five years 34 and an investment of ` crore, the fresh water prawn hatchery project in Maharashtra continues to be plagued with bottlenecks due to inadequacies in planning and implementation. As a result, the objective of supporting and developing a modern aquaculture sector aiming at higher production of fresh water prawns could not been achieved. The matter was referred to the Government in May 2012; their reply was awaited as of January From completion of post-larvae trial production in August 2007 Project expenditure: ` 6.88 crore + expenditure on salaries and contingencies during : ` lakh 45

61 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Water Resources Department Extra expenditure in construction of bridge and approach road Initiating the works of construction of bridge and approach road without obtaining prior clearances and fulfilment of conditions stipulated by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, resulted in delay of more than six years in completion of works and an extra expenditure of ` 1.51 crore. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (MoEF), promulgated the Forest Conservation Act, 1980 (Act) applicable to all the States and Union Territories except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. As per Para 4.4 of the guidelines to the Act, if a project involves forest as well as non-forest land, work should not be started on non-forest land till approval of the Central Government for release of forest land under the Act has been given. A bridge was in existence on Sur River, Bhusaval-Jamner Road (State Highway 188) District Jalgaon. As the bridge was falling under the submergence area of Waghur Dam Project being constructed by Tapi Irrigation Development Corporation (TIDC), a 75 meter long new bridge adjacent to the existing bridge was proposed to be constructed as a deposit contribution work to provide connectivity across the river. Accordingly, the Executive Engineer, Waghur Project Division, Jalgaon (EE, WPD) of Water Resources Department (Department) deposited (April 2005-May 2009) ` four crore with the Executive Engineer, Road Project Division, Jalgaon (EE, RPD) of Public Works Department. The Chief Engineer, Public Works Region, Nashik (CE) accorded (July 2005) technical sanction for construction of the new bridge with a road top level of meters for ` 1.64 crore. The construction of approach road to the bridge also involved two hectares of forest land. The work for construction of bridge was awarded (November 2005) by the EE, RPD to M/s S.B. Engineers, Aurangabad for ` 1.43 crore. The work was to be completed by November 2006, which was extended up to June M/s S.B. Engineers completed foundation and substructure works and was paid ` lakh up to October However, further work could not be continued as the MoEF objected to the proposal of the State Government (May 2008) for diversion of hectares of forest land required for Waghur Project, which also included two hectares of forest land required for construction of approach road to the bridge. Therefore, the CE accorded approval (September 2007) for releasing the contractor from the work under Clause 15 (1) 36 of the agreement. Similarly, due to objections raised by the State Forest Department, the work of construction of approach road to the bridge awarded to another contractor (M/s B P Punshi) at a cost of 36 If at any time after the execution of the contract, the Engineer-in-charge shall for any reason (other than default on part of the contractor) desire that the whole or part of the work shall not be carried out at all, he shall give to the contractor a notice in writing of such desire and upon the receipt, the contractor shall stop the work as required 46

62 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions ` 0.90 crore in August 2005 was also terminated (July 2009) after incurring an expenditure of ` lakh. In June 2009, MoEF approved in-principle the proposal for diversion of hectares of forest land for construction of Waghur project subject to fulfillment of 17 conditions which inter alia included raising compensatory afforestation to the extent of hectares, immediate transfer and mutation of non-forest land in favour of State Forest Department etc. The EE, WPD however, construed it as MoEF s final approval and requested (February 2009) the EE, RPD to re-start the construction of the bridge and approach road. Consequently, the EE, RPD awarded (February 2009) the balance work of construction of bridge to M/s Rudranee Infrastructure Limited, Aurangabad for ` 1.36 crore to be completed by February However, Range Forest Officer, Muktainagar objected (July 2009 and April 2010) to the construction work as the conditions laid down by MoEF were not stated to have been fulfilled. Consequently, the construction was stopped by the contractor from April In December 2010, the Superintendent Engineer, Public Works Circle, Jalgaon once again relieved the contractor under Clause 15 (1) of the agreement and the contractor was paid ` 1.18 crore as of February Out of the total depositary contribution of ` four crore, the EE, RPD refunded (March 2011) an amount of ` 1.84 crore to the EE, WPD after adjusting an expenditure of ` 2.16 crore incurred on partial construction of bridge and approach road. The Government stated (July 2012) that a proposal for final clearance of hectares of forest land was submitted in May 2012 after complying with all the conditions laid down by the MoEF in its in-principle approval. The EE stated (September 2012) that the balance bridge work with approach road was awarded to a contractor at a cost of ` 1.68 crore (4.97 per cent above the cost put to tender of ` 1.60 crore). Thus, initiating the works of construction of bridge and approach road by Waghur Project Division, Jalgaon without obtaining prior clearances and fulfilment of conditions stipulated by MoEF and the consequent termination of contracts resulted in delay of more than six years in completion of works. The Department will also end up spending ` 3.84 crore 37 for a work which was originally awarded at a cost of ` 2.33 crore 38, leading to an extra expenditure of ` 1.51 crore. 3.4 Persistent and pervasive irregularities An irregularity is considered persistent if it occurs frequently. It becomes pervasive when it is prevailing in the entire system. Recurrence of irregularities, despite being pointed out in earlier audits, is not only indicative of non-seriousness of the Executive but is also an indication of lack of effective monitoring. Some of the cases reported in Audit about persistent irregularities have been discussed below: ` 2.16 crore already spent plus new tendered cost: ` 1.68 crore Construction of bridge: ` 1.43 crore and approach road: ` 0.90 crore 47

63 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 Water Resources Department Non-recovery of mobilization advance and accumulated interest The action of the Water Resources Department/GMIDC to award a work without establishing the legal status of land not only led to stoppage of work after incurring an expenditure of ` 3.39 crore, it also jeopardized the recovery of the outstanding mobilization advance of ` 2.29 crore together with an accumulated interest of ` lakh from the contractor. As per Government of Maharashtra Circular dated 01 March 2000, no provision for payment of advance to the contractors should be made in the tenders. The Chief Engineer (CE), Godavari Marathwada Irrigation Development Corporation (GMIDC), Aurangabad communicated (March 2008) the approval to the acceptance of negotiated offer of a contractor 39 for the work of construction of earth work, paver lining and structures in km 36 to 45 with tail distributory of right bank canal of Lower Dudhana Project at per cent above the cost put to tender of ` crore. It was specifically mentioned in the communication that until the land required for the project was legally in possession of Water Resources Department (department), work order should not be issued to the contractor. The Executive Engineer, Majalgaon Canal Division No. X, Parbhani (EE) issued a work order to the contractor in April 2008 at the accepted tendered cost of ` crore with a stipulation to complete the work in 24 months from the date of work order (March 2010). There was no provision in the tender for grant of mobilization advance to the contractor. Scrutiny of records (Februray 2010) of EE revealed that immediately after the award of work in April 2008, the contractor requested for grant of mobilization advance of 10 per cent of the tendered cost. The CE, GMIDC recommended (April 2008) sanction of advance on the ground that the contractor had to make huge financial investment on erection of labour camps and mobilization of labour. Besides, as the said work was stated to be included in the Centrally Sponsored Scheme Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Progrmme (AIBP) the mobilization advance was expected to enable the contractor to complete the works as per the work plan of AIBP. The Executive Director, GMIDC approved (May 2008) the mobilization advance of ` 2.49 crore to the contractor. The contractor through a separate agreement signed in May 2008, agreed to repay the advance in 12 monthly installment of ` 20,78,500 each and a simple interest of 13 per cent plus an overdue interest of two per cent per annum in the event of default in clearing the dues. The contractor also furnished 11 bank guarantees totaling ` 2.67 crore (towards advance plus interest payable thereon) which were valid upto 22/27 September The GMIDC further relaxed the repayment terms and allowed the advance to be recovered in installments from the Running 39 M/s Balaji Agencies, Thane 48

64 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions Account (RA) bills of the contractor. Only one installment of ` 20,78,500 was recovered from the second RA bill of the contractor in August 2008, thus, leaving a huge outstanding of ` 2.29 crore which remained unrecovered as of September However, in the intervening period no efforts were made by the GMIDC to encash the bank guarantees or renew them. The contractor furnished 13 post-dated cheques in May 2008 towards interest payment, which were presented to the bank by EE between May 2008 and March Of the 13 cheques, only nine cheques could be encashed, thus, enabling recovery of only ` lakh towards interest up to March Of the remaining four cheques, while two cheques were dishonored by bank due to insufficient funds, two cheques were not presented by EE to the Bank. The contractor subsequently furnished (November 2009) 12 fresh cheques for payment of interest, of which, eight cheques were dishonored by the bank and the remaining four cheques were not presented to the bank. From April 2009 till December 2011 (33 months), interest amounting to ` lakh was due from the contractor. Audit scrutiny further revealed that the work order was issued to the contractor in April 2008 without ensuring that the land was legally in possession of the department. During execution of works there was severe agitation from the land owners for payment of higher compensation, which was not acceded to by the revenue authorities. Consequently, the land owners moved to court and the contractor had to stop the work from June 2008 after executing works valuing ` 3.39 crore. Government stated (October 2012) that the advance was sanctioned to the contractor in terms of GMIDC Act It further stated that as the advance was interest bearing, there was no financial loss to the Corporation. Reply is not acceptable as the grant of mobilization advance was contrary to the directives of the Government and the tender conditions. Further, commencement of work without establishing the legal status of the land led to stoppage of work after incurring an expenditure of ` 3.39 crore, which in turn, jeopardized the recovery of outstanding advance of ` 2.29 crore and an accumulated interest of ` lakh which will continue to rise till the mobilization advance is liquidated in full. The recovery of outstanding advance and interest thereon appears to be remote as the Corporation has no bank guarantee to fall back upon Unproductive expenditure on replacement of trash racks Failure of the Water Resources Department to ensure ab initio the erection of new trash racks into Kolkewadi dam by employing underwater technique resulted in an unproductive expenditure of ` lakh. The Executive Engineer, Kolkewadi Dam Maintenance Division, Alore, Ratnagiri (EE) awarded (December 2005) the work of dismantling of old trash rack panels and fabrication and erection of new trash rack panels/gates (fixed type) of Kolkewadi dam to M/s Ganesh Builders, Solapur (contractor) at a cost 49

65 Report No. 4 (Economic Sector) for the year ended 31 March 2012 of ` 1.38 crore. The time limit for this work was two months i.e. end of February The contractor completed the fabrication work by the end of March However, dismantling of old trash rack panels and erection of new ones could not be undertaken by the contractor as Maharashtra State Power Generation Company Limited (MAHAGENCO) did not permit water outage from the dam despite repeated requests made by Kolkewadi Dam Maintenance Division, Alore. As no further work was possible, the contractor requested (July/August 2009) for termination of contract 40, which was eventually accepted by the Water Resources Department (department) only in November A payment of ` lakh was made to the contractor till June 2009, which included an extra item of ` lakh for application of rust converter in two coats on newly fabricated trash rack panels which got rusted with passage of time. The department again approved (November 2011) dismantling of old trash rack panels and fabrication of new trash rack panels (movable type) with underwater erection methodology (by deploying divers) at an estimated cost of ` 3.65 crore. The tendering process for this work was in progress as of July Audit scrutiny revealed (December 2011) that the Kolkewadi Dam was commissioned in 1975 under Phase-3 of Koyna Hydro Electric Project (KHEP-3). KHEP-3 contained 36 trash rack panels 41 fixed in front of bell mouth of four electricity generator sets. The MAHAGENCO intimated the EE in August 2001 that all the trash racks were in submerged condition since inception. Therefore, inspection and maintenance works, such as, cleaning, painting of trash racks, replacement of old trash racks etc., if necessary, may be taken up in submerged conditions when the water level in the dam was low. The MAHAGENCO also opined that due to prolonged submergence the trash racks may get detached and adversely affect the turbines. A Board of Consultants (BOC) in a meeting held at Koynanagar during June 2002 also endorsed that all the trash racks were badly rusted and needed to be replaced. However, as the trash racks were fixed type, the BOC observed that the replacement work may have to be carried out underwater with the help of divers under expert supervision. Meanwhile, the EE intimated MAHAGENCO in April 2002 that maintenance of trash racks would require water outage. However, MAHAGENCO stated (May 2002) that due to an ever increasing demand for electricity in the State it would not be possible to shut off all the generators in Koyna electricity centre even for short duration. In the present situation it was not practical to keep the dam empty and suspend the production of electricity. The MAHAGENCO, therefore, requested the EE to undertake the maintenance works while the trash racks were inside the water, by using modern technique. Evidently, the department did not acknowledge the technical opinion of MAHAGENCO and BOC and went ahead with the erection of new trash racks (fixed type) in December 2005 on the assumption that MAHAGENCO would Under clause 15 (1) of contract agreement Trash rack panel is a device that stops the trash present in water before allowing the water into turbine for electricity generation 50

66 Chapter III-Audit of Transactions permit water outage. This not only led to an unproductive expenditure of ` lakh, it also delayed the erection of new trash racks by more than nine years from January 2003 to July The Government stated (July 2012) that it was only after an assurance given by MAHAGENCO for outage that the methodology of fixed type trash rack panels was decided and the contract awarded in December Since water outage from the dam was subsequently denied by MAHAGENCO, there was no alternative but to replace the old panels by employing underwater erection methodology in order to avoid damage to stage III turbines. The Government nevertheless admitted that an outage of 15 days would have meant a generation loss of about 100 million units or of ` 40 crore 42 and further worsened the energy situation in the State. However, now with the adoption of underwater erection methodology the outage can be avoided and there would be no generation loss to the State. The reply clearly indicated that the Government was fully conscious of the severity of outage even for short duration and it should have, therefore, adopted underwater erection technique ab initio. This action would have been compatible with the opinion of MAHAGENCO and BOC and consequently, the long delay in erection of trash racks and the unproductive expenditure of ` lakh initially incurred could have been avoided. Nagpur, The 14 March, 2013 (SHEELA JOG) Accountant General (Audit)-II, Maharashtra Countersigned New Delhi The 18 March, 2013 (VINOD RAI), Comptroller and Auditor General of India 42 Considering the commercial value of generation at ` 4 per unit 51

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70 53 Appendices Appendix 1.1 (Reference: Paragraph 1.7.1, Page 6) Department wise outstanding Inspection Reports / paras issued up to December 2011 but outstanding as on 30 June 2012 Section / Group Upto Total 1) Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Dairy Development and Fisheries Department 2) Co-operation and Textile Department 3) Forests Department 4) Industry, Energy and Labour Department 5) Public Works Department 6) Tourism and Cultural Affairs. IR PARA IR PARA IR PARA IR PARA IR PARA IR PARA IR PARA Nagpur Mumbai Nagpur Mumbai Nagpur Mumbai Nagpur Mumbai Nagpur Mumbai Nagpur Mumbai ) Water Resources Nagpur Department Mumbai Grand total

71 Appendices APPENDIX 1.2 (Reference: Paragraph 1.7.3; Page 6) Statement showing no. of paragraphs/reviews in respect of which Government explanatory memorandas (UORs) had not been received. Sr. Name of Department No. 1 Agriculture, Animal Husbandary, Dairy Development & Fisheries Upto Total Public Works Revenue Tourism and Cultural Affairs Water Resources Public Works and Water Resources Total

72 Appendices Appendix (Reference: Paragraph:2.1.2, Page: 10) Administrative set-up Chairman Guardian Minister District Collector Overall in-charge of the district, ensures co-ordination between DRDA, PRI field officers and all other departments District Planning Officer Responsible for preparation, prioritization, monitoring and review of various Schemes Urban structure Project Officer of District Urban Development Agency Providing of funds to MCs for implementation of Schemes under urban area Rural structure Chief Executive Officer of Zilla Parishad and Ex-officio chairman of DRDA Preparation of major plans, fund management, sanction of Schemes, control over BDOs and secretaries of GPs for execution of works under ZP Municipal Councils Preparation of budget estimates and annual accounts, submission of proposal to DPC, implementation of Schemes and reporting thereof to Collector Project Director of DRDA Executive In-charge of DRDA, Coordination with district/ State administration and GoI Block Development Officer of PS Release of funds to GPs, monitoring and measurement of works, making payments, submission of reports to PD/CEO Secretary of GP Execution of all Schemes and rendering of account to BDO 55

73 Appendices Appendix (Reference: Paragraph: , Page: 19) Break period in supply of MDM Name of Name of school Period of disruption (in days) block Malegaon ZP Primary School, Davha ZP Primary School, Borgaon ZP Primary School, Wasari ZP Primary School, Kinhi Ghodmod ZP Primary School, Nagartas ZP Primary School, Jaulka ZP Primary School, Amani ZP Primary School, Somthana ZP Primary School, Shelgaon ZP Primary School, Kotha ZP Primary School, Waghi (BK) ZP Primary School, Zodga (BK) ZP Primary School, Pangri Kute ZP Primary School, Bhaurad ZP Primary School, Dahi ZP Primary School, Ekamba ZP Primary School, Kinhiraja Mangrulpir ZP Primary School, Shelgaon ZP Primary School, Nimbi ZP Primary School, Lawana ZP Primary School, Wanoja ZP Primary School, Khadi ZP Primary School, Icha Washim ZP Primary School, Bhatumbra ZP Primary School, Kajalamba ZP Primary School, Ukalipen ZP Primary School, Depul ZP Primary School, Chikhali ZP Primary School, Hiwra ZP Primary School, Jumda (Source: Schools under ZP, Washim) 56

74 57 Appendices Appendix 3.1 (Reference: Paragraph 3.2.3, Page 37) Calculation of CED included in estimate and already paid Sr. No. Name of work 1 Lower Panzara (Akkalpada) Medium Project Taluka Sakri. 2 Wadi Shewadi Medium Project 3 Agreement number & work order B1/ED/TIDC/02/ of W.O B1/ED/TIDC/ W.O Contract value Description of work Quantity (in MT) as per agreement Quantity executed Rate of CED per MT Total amount of central excise duty Dhule Medium Project Division 1 Dhule (under Tapi Irrigation Development Corporation) Item no lakh Manufacture MT (4.96% and erection of above) radial gate and part lakh (11.55% above) Item no.1 Manufacturing, erection & maintenance of radial gates MT ` ` 2,01,91, (+4.96%) ` 10,01, (A) ` 2, ` ` (+11.55%) ` (B) ` Wan Project Division, Shegaon District Buldana (under Vidarbha Irrigation Development Corporation) Item no.1 As shown (a)radial gates in table ` ` 3,31,16, (b)a.g bridge below ` ` 26,82,112 Details of RA bill 16 th RA bill 7 TH RA bill 4 th RA bill Already paid ` 2,01,91, (+4.96%) ` 10,01, (D) ` 2,11,93, ` (+11.55%) ` 9,32, (E) ` 90,10, Jeegaon Project Taluka Nandura Distt. Buldana B1/18/DL/ W.O (5.45% above) Item no.2 (a)hoist unit (b)rail track Item no.3 Hoist bridge Item no.4 Stop log gates do -do- do- ` ` ` ` ` 1,30,97,536 ` 7,26,580 ` 32,97,112 ` 79,55, ` 6,08,75,047 (+5.45%) ` 33,17,690 (C) `.6,41,92,737 (Total Undue benefit (A+B+C) ` 9,43,96, ` 1,50,75,131 (+ 5.45%) 8,21,595 (F) ` 1,58,96,726 Already paid (D+E+F) ` 4,61,00,118.11

75 Appendices Appendix 3.1 (concld.) Table indicating calculation of Wan Project Division, Shegaon Distt. Buldana (under Vidarbha Irrigation Development Corporation) Item -1 (a) (b) Item-2 (a) (b) Executed Qty MT MT MT MT Item MT Item MT As per 4 th RA bill 13,382 per MT 10,477 per MT 21,542 per MT 10,477 per MT Amount of CED involved ` 1,51,32,606 ` 26,81,190 ` ` 687,207 50% paid as per RA bills ` 75,66,303 ` 13,40,595 ` 9,75,906 ` 3,43,604 10,477 per MT ` 32,71,611 ` 16,35,805 13,056 per MT ` 64,25, % Tender per cent ` 32,12, ` 1,50,75,131 ` 8,21, (F)` 1,58,96,726 58

76 59 Appendices Item No. Details of item Appendix 3.2 (Reference: Paragraph 3.3.1, Page 42) Extra expenditure incurred on account of awarding of fresh work Quantity executed Rates as per CSR Total Cost (actual) Rates as per CSR Cost if executed as per original estimates Extra expenditure (a) (b) (a) * (b) =A (c) (a) * (c) = B A-B (I) Extra expenditure due to awarding of another contract 1 Construction of embankment in Casing Zone 1,61, ,75,10, ,42,90, ,32,20, Providing Dry Needle Pitching 30 cm 1,51, ,70,80, ,30,58, ,40,22, Providing and laying quarry spouls below stone pitching 22, ,13,66, ,70,08, ,57, Total (I) 4,16,00, (II) Extra expenditure due to sanction of clause (a) Providing and constructing in-situ CC lining of 16,484,40 5, ,63,99, , ,45,67, ,18,32, M20 grade trap/granite etc. 21 Providing and fixing in position Mild Steel, , ,06,28, ,765 2,18,54, ,74, HYSD bar reinforcement 22 Filling in plinth and floor 24, ,12, ,71, ,40, Providing expansion joint etc. 1, ,41, ,74, ,67, Providing and fixing three coats of water proof 16, ,39, ,38, ,00, cement paint 4 Construction of embankment in Casing Zone 1,24, ,44,71, ,98,93, ,49,78, Total (II) 5,65,94,388,68 (III) Extra expenditure due to sanction of extra item rate list 1 Supplying 80 mm metal 39, ,41,78, ,87,76, ,54,01, Supplying 40 mm metal 19, ,69,03, ,97, ,06, Supplying soft murum 18, ,80, ,85, ,94, Supplying sand at road side ,36, , , Spreading 80 mm metal 39, , ,10, ,16, Spreading 40 mm metal 19, ,10, ,43, ,158.08/ 7 Spreading gravel sand/soft murum 18, ,98, ,57, , Compacting subgrade gravel (80 mm) 1,97, ,30, ,01, ,28, Compacting subgrade gravel (40 mm) 1,90, ,23, ,31, ,91, Total (III) 3,01,43, Total extra expenditure 12,83,37,835.86

77 Appendices Appendix 3.3 (Reference: Paragraph 3.3.2, Page 43) Avoidable extra expenditure due to sanction of EIRL Description of Items 1) Providing & laying in situ C.C.M- 10 of 1:3:6 (40 msa) 15% plum concrete) of trap/ granite/quartzite, graded metal for foundation and bedding including vibrating compacting, finishing curing etc, complete with all leads and lift. 2) Providing & laying in situ C.C. M- 15 of 1:2:4 (40 msa 15 % plum concrete) of trap/granite/quartzite, graded metal for foundation & bedding including vibrating, compacting finishing curing etc, complete with all leads and lift. Total Quantity Cum Rate as per DSR (`) E.I.R.L (DSR) (`) Extra expenditure (`) ` lakh Cum ` lakh ` lakh 60

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81 ¼ããÀ ããþãñ ãä ã¾ãâ ã ãš Ìã ½ãÖãËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãš ¾ããâÞãã ãöìããë ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñËñ ÌãÓãà ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ã ÌãÓãà 2013 Þãã ãöìããë ãæš.4

82 ã ãì ãæš½ããä ã ãšã Ôã⪼ãà ¹ããäÀÞœñª ¹ãðÓŸ ãæš. ¹ããñªáÜãã ã ¹ãÆ ãšà ã I ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ãã ¾ãã ãöìããêããôãâºãâ ããè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèãäàã ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþããè Á¹ãÀñŒãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããôããÿãè ¹ãÆããä ã ãšãà vii ¹ãÆ ãã ã ½ãÖãÊãñŒãã ãšãà (ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)- I, ½ãâìºãƒÃ ãããä ã ½ãÖãÊãñŒãã ãšãà (ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)- II, ããøã¹ãîà ãšã¾ãããêã¾ããâþããè ÔãâÜã ãã ½ã ãš ÔãâÀÞã ãã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãããä ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšà ãñ ÊãñŒããÀãèàã ãã ããèêã ½ãÖ ÌããÞããè ãä ãàãèàã ãñ (observations) ÍããÔã ããþãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããôã ¹ãÆãä ãôã㪠ãñþãã ã¼ããìã ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãäìã¼ããøã ÌãããäÎã½ã Þããè ãä ãêöã- ãòš³ãè ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãš¹ã ãè¹ã ãã ãñ ¹ãõÔãñ ãšã ãñ/ ã¹ãšàã ã¹ãšà/ Öããä ã 3.1 ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã ˺ãã ãèþãñ ¹ãƪã ã ãä ã¾ã½ã ãããä ã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ããâþãñ ã ãì¹ããë ã ã ãšà ãñ 3.2 ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ãâš ãã ã ãèâþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ãñšê¾ãã ãñ ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ããä ããäà ãš ŒãÞãà ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããªã ŒãÞãà ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ØãõÀÌãã ãìããè ¹ãŠã¾ãªã ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ¼ãìØã ãã ã

83 ã ãì ãæš½ããä ã ãšã ¹ããäÀÞœñª Ôã⪼ãà ¹ãðÓŸ ãæš. ããõãäþã ¾ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã/Ôã½ã ãã ãããäîãìãã¾ã ãñšëñëã ŒãÞãà 3.3 ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããªã ŒãÞãà ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãšðó ãã ŒããñÀñ ãäìã ãšãôã ãäôãâþã ã ½ãÖã½ãâ ß ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãä ãªóîããâþãñ ¹ããÊã ã ã ãñšê¾ãã½ãìßñ ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã¾ããñØãã ŒãÞãà ããêãã ãšðóããè, ¹ãÎãìÔãâÌã ãã ã ãããä ã ½ã Ô¾ã ãäìã¼ããøã Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããè ¹ã㪠㠹ãÆ ãšê¹ããìãàãèêã ãä ãó¹ãšß ŒãÞãà ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ¹ãìË ãããä ã ¹ããñÞã ÀÔ ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãšã½ããìãà ããªã ŒãÞãà ÌããÀâÌããÀ ããëñëãè ãããä ã ÔãÌãÃ̾ãã¹ããè ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãã 3.4 ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã ãããä ã ÔãâãäÞã ã ̾ãã ããþããè ÌãÔãìËãè ã Öãñ ãñ ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ºãªË ¾ããÌãÀ ̾ã ãã ŒãÞãà iv

84 ã ãì ãæš½ããä ã ãšã ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ ñ ã ãì ãæš½ããä ã ãšã ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ ãšû ãäìãóã¾ã ¹ãðÓŸ ãšû ãì ã 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆËâºããè ã ãôãëñê¾ãã ãä ããäààã ã ãöìããë, ¹ããäÀÞœñª ¾ããâÞããè ãäìã¼ããøããä ãöã¾ã ¾ããªãè 1.2 ÎããÔã ãã ãš î ã Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ãã ½ã ãš ãã¹ã ãñ ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ããëñê¾ãã ¹ããäÀÞœñª/ ãã ãì¾ããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã ªÎãÃãäÌã ããàñ ãäìãìãà ã¹ã ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêö ããþããè ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ÔãâÀÞã ã㠽㠾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ¹ãìÀÌãŸá ãã ã Œãâ ãšãß ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãâ ã¼ãããìã Ìã ¹ãƪã ã ããëñëñ ÔããèƒÃ ãè Þãñ ãäöîãñºã ããäìã ã ãšã½ã ãäªê¾ãã½ãìßñ ããëñëã ããªã ŒãÞãà ããä ãàãè ã ã ºããºã ªÀÔãîÞããèËã ½ãâ ãîàãè ãäªê¾ãã½ãìßñ ããëñëã ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããªã ŒãÞãà v

85 ¹ããñªáÜãã ã 1. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãñšëñê¾ãã ŒãÞããÃÞ¾ãã ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãã Öã ãöìããë ¼ããÀ ããþ¾ãã ÔãâãäÌã ãã ããþ¾ãã ãšë½ã 151 ãâ ãøãã ã ½ãÖãÀãÓ ÈãÞ¾ãã Àã ¾ã¹ããËãâ ãã ÔããªÀ ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ã¾ããà ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëã ããöñû 2. ¾ãã ãöìããëãþ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšà ã 1 ½ã ¾ãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè Á¹ãÀñŒãã, ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ããä ã ãšãà¹ã ã, ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãñÞãñ ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãããä ã ¹ã ã ãããä ã ãäìã¼ããøããþããè ¹ãÆãÁ¹ã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÌãÀãèË ¹ãÆãä ããä ãš¾ãã ¾ããâÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ããöñû ¾ãã ãöìããëã ã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãñšëñê¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãä ãàãèàã ããâþããè Ÿß ãš ÌãõãäÎãÓ ãñ ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšà ãã ãöãè ã ããñàñãäœã ã ãñšëãè ããöñ ãû 3. ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II ½ã ¾ãñ ÌããÎããè½ã ãä ãêûããþ¾ãã ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãã ¹ãÀã½ãÎãà Üãñ ãëã ããöñ ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III ½ã ¾ãñ ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþ¾ãã ãä ãàãèàã ããâþãã ¹ãÀã½ãÎãà Üãñ ãëã ããöñû ½ããÞãà 2012 Ëã Ôãâ¹ã ãã-¾ãã ÌãÓããÃÞ¾ãã Àã ¾ã ÔãÀ ãšãàþ¾ãã ãäìã ããè¾ã ãããä ã ãäìããä ã¾ããñ ã ã ËñŒããÞ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããè ãâ ãà ãä½ãßãëñëãè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãä ãàãèàã ãñ ÔÌã ãâ ã¹ã ãñ ÔããªÀ ãñšëñëãè ããöñ ãû 5. ÔãâãäÌããä ã ãš ½ãÖã½ãâ ßñ, ½ãâ ßñ ãããä ã ÔãÀ ãšãàãè ã⚹㠾ããâÞ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãã ãöìããë, Ôãã½ãã ¾ã Ìã Ôãã½ãã ããè ãš àãñ ãã ããèë ãä ããäààã ããâþãã ãöìããë, ½ãÖÔãîËãè ã½ããìãàãèë ãä ãàãèàã ããâþãã ãöìããë ãããä ã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš àãñ ã (ØãÆã½ã ãäìã ãšãôã ãããä ã ãëôãâ ããà ã Ìã ãøãà ãäìã ãšãôã ãäìã¼ããøããþãã ãöìããë ÔÌã ãâ ã¹ã ãñ ÔããªÀ ãñšëã ããöñû 6. ¾ãã ãöìããëã ã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãôã ããàãè ¹ãÆ ãšà ãñ Öãè ÌãÓãà ½ã ¾ãñ ËñŒ¾ããâÞããè ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãšà ãñìãñßãè Ëàãã ã ããëñê¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšà ããâ¹ãõ ãšãè ãôãñþã ãã ããèþ¾ãã ÌãÓããÄ ã Ëàãã ã ããëñëãè ¹ãÀâ ãì ½ããØããèË ãöìããëã ã ¹ãÀã½ãÎãà ã Üãñ ãëñëãè ¹ãÆ ãšà ãñöãè ããöñ ãû ÌãÓãà ޾ãã ¹ãì ãèë ãšãëãìã ããè Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ¹ãÆ ãšà ãñ Öãè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãñ ãñ ¾ãã ãöìããëã ã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãñšëñëãè ããöñ ãû ãè¹ã : ½ãîß ƒâøãæ ããè ãöìããëãìãá ã ã ãììããªãè ã; Îãâ ãšã Ôã½ãã ãã ããôããÿãè ãðš¹ã¾ãã ƒâøãæ ããè ãöìããë ¹ãÖãÌããû

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89 1.1 ¾ãã ãöìããëãôãâºãâ ããè ¹ãÆ ãšà ã I : ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ãã ¼ããÀ ããþãñ ãä ã¾ãâ ã ãš ãããä ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãšãâþãã (C&AG) Öã ãöìããë ãããä Ãã ãš àãñ ããâ½ã ããèë ãä ãìã ãš ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ãããä ã ãšã¾ãó ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ãšã¾ãããäôã ªãè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþ¾ãã ãããä ã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã Ìã ÔÌãã¾ã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþ¾ãã ã ãì¹ããë ãã ãî ã ªá¼ãÌãËñʾãã ºããºããè Ôãâºãâ ããè ã ããöñ. ¼ããÀ ããþ¾ãã ÔãâãäÌã ãã ããþ¾ãã ãà ãìªãè, Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ãšã¾ãªñ, ãä ã¾ã½ã, ãäìããä ã¾ã½ã ãããä ã Ôãàã½ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ããè ããàãè ãñšëñëñ ãäìããäìã ã ããªñîã ãããä ã ÔãîÞã ããâþ¾ãã ã ãì¹ããë ããþããè Œãã ãà ã½ãã ãšá ã Üãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãñšëñê¾ãã ÔãâÔ ãñþ¾ãã ̾ãÌãÖãÀãÞããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãšà ãñ ¾ããÔã ã ãì¹ããë ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ½Ö ã ãã ã. ã ãì¹ããë ã ËñŒãã ¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšà ¾ãã ̾ããä ããäà ã ã, ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããþãñ/ ãšã¾ãó ãäìã¼ããøããþããè ã䪪áó ñ ãšã ãšôãàãè ãñ ãããä ã ãšã¾ããàã½ã ãñ ãñ Ôãã ¾ã ãñšëãè ããöñ ã ãšã ¾ããÞããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãšã¾ãããäôã ªãè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ãñ. ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ½ãÖ ÌããÞãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã Àã ¾ã ãäìããä ã½ãâ ßãÞ¾ãã ã ãàñôã ãã ãî ã ªñ ãñ Öã ãöìããëãþãã ãã²ã/¹ãæ½ãìœã (Prime) Öñ ãì ãôã ããñ. ÔÌãÁ¹ã ¹ããäÀ½ãã ã (volume) ãããä ã ̾ãÌãÖãÀãÞããè ½ãÖ ãã/ì¾ãã¹ ããè ¾ããÞ¾ãã ã ãìá¹ã ÔããªÀãè ãšà ããþãã Ô ãà ãôããìãã Öñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþ¾ãã ½ãã ã ãšãâ ã ããä¼ã¹ãæñ ã ããöñ. Ôãì ããàãè ã ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãšà ¾ããÔã, ããñà ã ŸÀãäÌã ãñ, ãä ãªóîã ªñ ¾ãã ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããâþãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ãã ÔãÖã¾¾ã¼ãî ã ŸÀãÌãñ ã ãšãè ¾ãã½ãìßñ ÔãâÔ ãñþãñ ãããä ãã 㚠̾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ã Ôãì ããàãè ã ãšà ãã ¾ãñƒÃË ãîãã ¹ãÆ ãšãàñ ã½ã ÎããÔã ã ̾ãÌãÔ ãñôã ãä ãó ãšóãã Öã ã¼ããà ËãÌã ãã ã. Öñ ¹ãÆ ãšà ã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãããä ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè ̾ãã¹ ããè ãäìãóã¾ã ãšà ¾ããÔãÖ, ãä ãìã ãš ¾ããñ ã ããâþ¾ãã ãâ½ãëºã ããìã ããè ããèë ãããä ã ã䪪áó ãâþ¾ãã Ôãã ¾ã ãñ ããèë ½ãÖ ÌããÞ¾ãã ããèìããâþããè/ì¾ãìãöãàãâþ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããâ ããèë ½ãÖ ÌããÞãñ ããàãñ¹ã ãããä ã ½ããØããèË ãöìããëãâþãã ¹ã㟹ãìÀãÌãã ¾ããÞããè Á¹ãÀñÓãã ÔããªÀ ãšà ãñ. ¾ãã ãöìããëã ããèë ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II ½ã ¾ãñ ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã½ã ããèë ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ããþãñ ãä ã ãããà ã ÔããªÀ ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëñ ããöñ. ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III ½ã ¾ãñ ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã ãããä ã ÔÌãã¾ã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþ¾ãã ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã Ôãâºãâ ããèþããè ãä ãàãèàã ãñ ããöñ ã. 1.2 ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèãäàã ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþããè Á¹ãÀñŒãã Àã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ÔããäÞãÌãã˾ãã ã ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ãã ã ÔããäÞãÌã Ô ãàãìãà ãîš ã Ôãã ã ãäìã¼ããøã ãôãî ã ããä ããäà ã ã ½ã쌾ã ÔããäÞãÌã/¹ãÆ ãã ã ÔããäÞãÌã/ÔããäÞãÌã Öñ ¾ãã ãäìã¼ããøããâþãñ ¹ãƽãìŒã ããöñ ã. ÔãâÞããË ãš/ ãã¾ãì ã ã ãôãñþã ãšãä ãóÿ ããä ã ãšãàãè ãããä ã Ôãã ã ÔÌãã¾ã ã ÔãâÔ ãã ¾ããâ ãã ÔãÖã¾¾ã ãšà ãã ã. ¾ãã ÔãÌããÄÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ¹ãÆ ãã ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)-I, ½ãìâºãƒÃ ãããä ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)- II, ããøã¹ãîà Öñ ãšà ãã ã. Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ããþãã ¾ãã ÌãÓããÃÞ¾ãã Àã ã ãšãñóããè¾ã ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãã ÔããÀãâÎã Ìã ½ããØããèË ÌãÓããÃÞããè ãìë ãã ½ã ãš ãäô ã ããè ã ã ãã 1 ½ã ¾ãñ ãäªëãè ããöñ.

90 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ã ã ãã 1 ÞããÊãî ÌãÓããÃÞ¾ãã Àã ã ãšãñóããè¾ã ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãã ÔããÀãâÎã (` ãšãñ ãè ã) ã½ãã ÔãâãäÌã ãà ãñ ¼ããØã ã ½ãÖÔãìËãè ¾ããñ ã ãñ ãà ¾ããñ ã ãã ãšî ã ½ãÖÔãìËãè ã½ãã ** ½ãÖÔãìËãè ŒãÞãà ãšà ½ãÖÔãìË ãšàñ ãà ½ãÖÔãìË ** ãšñâãäªæ¾ã ãšà/îãìê ãšãâþãã ãäöôôãã ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãš î ã ã ãìªã ãñ Ôãâãä ãš ãã ½ã ãã ã½ãã ãš ãó ãããä ã ããäøãæ½ããâþããè ÌãÔãìËãè Ëãñ ãš ãé ã ã½ãã* ãã ãšãäô½ã ãš ãä ã ããè ãî ã ãäìããä ã¾ããñ ã ãñ ãã ãšãäô½ã ãš ãä ã ããè ÔãÌãà Ôãã ããà ã ÔãñÌãã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ÔãñÌãã ãããä ãã ãš ÔãñÌãã ¼ããØã ºã : ½ã ãã ÔãÖã¾¾ã ãš ã ãìªã ãñ ãããä ã ãâîãªã ãñ ½ã ãã ŒãÞãà Ëãñ ãš ËñŒãñ ã½ãã ÔãìÀŠÌãã ããèþããè ÀãñŒã ãäîãêë ãš ãš ãó ãããä ã ããäøãæ½ããâþããè ÔãâãäÌã ãà ãñ Ëãñ ãš ãé ããþãñ ¹ãÀ ããìãñ * ãã ãšãäô½ã ãš ãä ã ããè ãî ã ãäìããä ã¾ããñ ã ãñ ãã ãšãäô½ã ãš ãä ã ããè Ëãñ ãš ËñŒ¾ããâÞããè ÔãâãäÌã ãà ãñ ÀãñŒã ãäîãêë ãš ãâãä ã½ã ãšî ã ãšî ã (Ô ããñ ã : Àã ¾ããÞãñ Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ÌãÓããÃÞãñ ãäìã ããè¾ã ËñŒãñ). * ã ããó¹ãã¾ã ããäøãæ½ã Ìã ããñìöà Èã¹ã ÌãØãßì ã ** Ö ãã ã Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ããëã ãäìã ã ½ãâ ããë¾ããþ¾ãã ̾ããä ããäà ã ã ƒ ãà ½ãâ ããë¾ããâ ãš î ã ãšñâªæ ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ãããä ã ãšñâãäªæ¾ã ¹ãìÀÔ ãšð ã ¾ããñ ã ããâ ãøãã ã ãäªëñëãè ` ãšãñ ãèâþããè ¹ãÆËâãäºã ã ãš ãó ããè 13 ̾ãã ãäìã ã ã¾ããñøããþ¾ãã ãäîã¹ãšãàîããèâ ãìôããà ãä ãëóœããè ã ãšñëãè ããöñ ã, ¾ããâÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ããöñ. 1.3 ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããôããÿãè ¹ãÆããä ã ãšãà ¼ããÀ ããþ¾ãã ÔãâãäÌã ãã ããþ¾ãã ã ãìþœñª 149 ãããä ã 151 ã Ìã¾ãñ ãããä ã C&AG ( ãš ããì¾ãñ, ããä ã ãšãà ãããä ã ÔãñÌããÎã ããê) ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1971 ã Ìã¾ãñ ¼ããÀ ããþãñ ãä ã¾ãâ ã ãš ãããä ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãšãâ ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ããä ã ãšãà ªñ ¾ãã ã ããëñ ããöñ ã. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ããþ¾ãã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã ŒãÞããÃÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã C&AG ããä ããä ã¾ã½ããþ¾ãã ãšë½ã 13 1 ¹ãƽãã ãñ ãšà ãã ã. Ôãã ã ÔÌãã¾ã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþãñ ãš½ãñìã 1 (i) Àã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãšãä ã ã ãä ã ããèþãã Ìãã¹ãÀ (ii) ãã ãšãäô½ã ãš ãä ã ããè Ìã Ëãñ ãšëñœãñîããè Ôãâºãâ ããè ã ÔãÌãà ̾ãÌãÖãÀ ãããä ã, (iii) ÔãÌãà ¹ãÆ ãšãàþãã ̾ãã¹ããÀ, ¹ã㪠ã, ã¹ãšã- ããñ ã ãäöîããñºã, ããßñºã⪠ãããä ã ƒ ãà ãäìããäìã ã ¹ãÆ ãšãàþãñ ãäöîãñºã ¾ããâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã 2

91 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã I -¹ãÆÔ ããìã ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãš (sole auditor) ¾ãã ãã ¾ãã ãñ C&AG's ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1971 Þ¾ãã ãšë½ã 19 (3) 2 ãããä ã 20 (1) 3 ãìôããà ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšà ãã ã. 1.4 ¹ãÆ ãã ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)-I, ½ãìâºãƒÃ ãããä ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)-II, ããøã¹ãîà ãšã¾ãããë¾ããâþããè ÔãâÜã ãã ½ã ãš ÔãâÀÞã ãã C&AG Þ¾ãã ãä ãªóîãã ãìôããà ¹ãÆ ãã ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)-I, ½ãìâºãƒÃ ãããä ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)-II, ããøã¹ãîà ãã¹ãã¹ãê¾ãã ãšã¾ããàãñ ãã ããèë ãäìããäìã ã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøã ãããä ã ãšã¾ãããë¾ãñ/ôìãã¾ã ã ÔãâÔ ãã/ôãâô ããâþãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšà ãã ã. ã ãšãîãã ã ªÎãÃãäÌãʾãã¹ãƽãã ãñ ãšãò ãš ã ãããä ã ¹ããäÎÞã½ã ½ãÖãÀãÓ Èã ããèë 16 ãä ãêöñ ¹ãÆ ãã ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (Ëñ.¹ã.)-I, ½ãìâºãƒÃ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã àãñ ãã ã ¾ãñ ãã ã ãããä ã ãäì㪼ãã ãããä ã ½ãÀãŸÌãã ¾ãã ããèë ÌãÃÀãè ã 19 ãä ãêöñ ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (Ëñ.¹ã.)-II, ããøã¹ãîà ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã àãñ ãã ã ¾ãñ ãã ã. 1.5 ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãããä ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšà ãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè ¹ãÆãä ãš¾ãã ÔãìÁ ãšà ãã ãã ÎããÔã ããþãñ ãäìããäìã ã ãäìã¼ããøã Ôãã½ããñÀñ ØãñËñʾãã ããñœããè½ããâ ãã ãããä ã ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš Üã ãšã ãñ ãñšëñëã ŒãÞãà ¾ããâÞãñ ãä ã ãããà ã Ôã½ããèàã ãã ½ã ãš/ ãšã¾ããã½ã ããèë Øãìâ ããøãìâ ã/¹ãæªã ã ãñšëñê¾ãã ãäìã ããè¾ã ããä ã ãšãàãâþããè ¹ãã ãßãè/ ã⚪à ãâ ãøãã ã ãä ã¾ãâ ã ããþãñ ãä ã ãããà ã ãããä ã ãäö ã Ôãâºãâ ã ¾ããâÞãã ãäìãþããà ãšà ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ããñ. ¹ãîÌããê ãñšëñê¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ãä ãó ãšóããöãè ãäìãþããàã ã Üãñ ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ãã ã. ¾ãã ããñœã½ããéþ¾ãã ãä ã ãããà ãñþ¾ãã ãã ããàãìãà ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãã ãšãëãìã ããè (frequency) ãããä ã ½ã¾ããêã ãä ããäîþã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ãã ã. ƒ.ôã ¾ãã ÌãÓããê ãäìããäìã ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã/ôãâô ããâþ¾ãã 436 Üã ãšãâþãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ( ã ãì¹ããë ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãããä ã ãšã¾ãããäôã ªãè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã) 3,193 ¹ã ã ãš ãäªìãôããâ ã (party-days) ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëñ. ãã½ãþ¾ãã ãä ã ãããà ãñ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ¾ãã Üã ãšã ã/ôãâô ãã ã Ëàã ããè¾ããäà ¾ãã ããñãäœã½ã Öãñ ãñ ãîãã Üã ãšãâþãã/ôãâô ããâþãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã½ã ¾ãñ Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëã. 2 3 ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ãäö ããôããÿãè Àã ¾ã¹ããËãâÞ¾ãã ãäìã ãâ ããè ãìôããà Àã ¾ã ãäìã ããè½ãâ ßã ãñ ãñšëñê¾ãã ãšã¾ã²ãã ãâ ãøãã ã Ô ãã¹ã ãã ããëñê¾ãã ½ãÖã½ãâ ßãÞãñ ãäöîããñºããþãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã Àã ¾ã¹ããËãâ ããè ãäìã ãâ ããè ãñšê¾ããôã C&AG ãããä ã ÎããÔã ã ¾ããâ ããè ½ãã ¾ã ãñšëñê¾ãã ãä ã¾ã½ã ãããä ã ã ãè ãìôããà ãšãñ ã ããèöãè ÔãâÔ ãã ãä ãâšìãã ¹ãÆããä ã ãšà ããþ¾ãã ãäöîããñºããþãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã 3

92 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš Üã ãšãþãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ¹ãî ãã ããê¾ããìãà ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã ãôãëñëã ãöìããë ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ¹ãƽãìŒããËã ¹ããŸãäÌã ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ããñ. ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããâ ããèë ãä ãó ãšóããä ãã ãöìããë ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããê¾ãã¹ããôãî ã ÔãÖã ããÿìã ¾ãã ã ãà ªñ ¾ããÞããè ãäìã ãâ ããè ãäìã¼ããøã ¹ãƽãìŒããâ ãã ãšà ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ãñ. Üã ãšãâ ãš î ã ãà ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããê¾ããìãà ãà Ôã½ãã ãã ã ãšãà ãš ãôãê¾ããôã ÔÌããè ãšãà ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ãñ ãä ãâšìãã ¹ãì ãèë ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãšà ¾ããÔã ÔãîãäÞã ã ãñšëñ ãã ãñ. ãä ãàãèàã ã ãöìããëã ã ããòªãäìãëñëñ ½ãÖ ÌããÞãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãöìããëã ã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãšà ¾ããÞããè ¹ãÆãä ãš¾ãã ¹ãî ãã ããê¾ããìãà ãñ ¼ããÀ ããè¾ã ÔãâãäÌã ãã ããþ¾ãã ã ãìþœñª 151 ãìôããà ½ãÖãÀãÓ ÈãÞ¾ãã Àã ¾ã¹ããËãâ ãã ÔããªÀ ãšà ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ãã ã. 1.6 ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ããèë ½ãÖ ÌããÞããè ãä ãàãèàã ãñ (observations) ½ããØããèË ãšãöãè ÌãÓããà ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšà ããâ ãã ãäìããäìã ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâþããè ãâ½ãëºã ããìã ããè ãšà ããâ ãã ãã ßËñʾãã Ëàã ããè¾ã ãì ãè ãšã¾ãããäôã ªãè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ãî ã ãôãñþã ãâ ãøãã ã ãä ã¾ãâ ã ããþãã ª ããã ãä ãìã ãš ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâþãñ ¾ãÎã Ìã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ãšã¾ãããìãà ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšà ããå ¾ãã ããèìãã ãä ãªîãã ããôã ãã ãî ã ãäªê¾ãã Öãñ ¾ãã, ¾ããÞã ¹ãƽãã ãñ ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã/ôãâô ããâþ¾ãã ã ãì¹ããë ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããâ ãî ãöãè ããèìãã ãä ãªîãã ããôã ãã ãî ã ãäªê¾ãã Öãñ ¾ãã. ¾ãã ãöìããëã ã ãš ãä ãêöã ãòš³ãè ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã (district-centric audit) ãããä ã 11 ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ããöñ. ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããâþããè Ÿß ãš ÌãõãäÎãÓ ¾ãñ ŒããËãèË ¹ããäÀÞœñªã⠽㠾ãñ ãäªëãè ããöñ ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûããþãñ ãä ãêöã- ãòšãä³ ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãàþ¾ãã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãã¾ããñøãã ãñ ºãÖãË ãñšëñëñ ½ãÖ Ìã ãäìãþããàã ã Üãñ ã ãšããä ½ã ãš Ô ãããä ã ãš àãñ ããè¾ã ãäìã ãšãôããôããÿãè ãäìã ããè¾ã ÖÔ ããâ ãà ã ãšà ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãàþ¾ãã ãä ãêöã- ãòšãä³ ã ¹ã ª ããèôããÿãè, ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûããþãñ ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ÌãÓãà ÔããŸãè ãñšëñ ØãñËñ. Öñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãä ãêûãã ããèë ãäìããäìã ã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš- ãããä ãã ãš ãäìã ãšãôã ¹ã ãš½ããâþ¾ãã ãâ½ãëºã ããìã ããèþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããâþãã ãããä ã ª ãããþãã ãã ãìãã Üãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ãñšëñ ØãñËñ Öãñ ãñ. ¾ãã ¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ããàãñø¾ã, ãäîãàã ã, ¹ãã ããè ¹ãìÀÌãŸã, Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ãšê¾ãã ã ¾ãã Ôã⪼ããà ããèë Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš àãñ ãã ããèë ½ãÖ ÌããÞãñ ¹ã ãš½ã ãôãñþã ÀÔ ¾ããâÞããè ãä ããä½ãã ããè, Àãñ ãøããà ãä ããä½ãã ããè ãããä ã ØãÀãèºããè ãä ã½ãîãë ã, ã ã ãñëã ½ãî˼ãî ã ØãÀ ãã ¹ãìÀãäÌã ãñ ƒ. Ôã⪼ããà ããèë ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ãã ããèë ½ãÖ ÌããÞãñ ¹ã 㚽㠾ããâÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ãã. ãšãöãè Ÿß ãš ãä ãó ãšóãã ŒããËãèË ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñ ã: ãìšÿê¾ããöãè ÌãÓããà ãšãäà ãã, ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè ãñ ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ããè ãããä ã ãøãà ¹ãããäÊã ãšã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãš ããè ãšà ã ãšá ã, ãšã ½ããè ãðš ã ãä ãêöã ¾ããñ ã ãã ã¾ããà ãñšêããè ãìö ããè. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 2.1.6) ãä ãêûãã ã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ Ìã ¹ã ãòš³ñ ¾ããâÞãã ãì Ìã ã Öãñ ãã ãããä ã ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒããèÞããè ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¾ãã ã Øãâ¼ããèÀ ããèìãã Öãñ ¾ãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ã¾ããù ã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãìö ¾ããû ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñœããêããè, ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãããä ã ÞÞã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ ããâìã ããòª ããè Ìãã ãäìã ¾ããÞãñ ã䪪áó Ôãã ¾ã Öãñ Š Îã ãšêãñ ããöãè. 4

93 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã I -¹ãÆÔ ããìã ãã ãä ãêûãã ã, ãã¾ã ãè ãã¾ã Þããè Ñãñ ããè Ìãã ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã ªªáñÎãã ãñ, ÑãñÓŸ Ìã ãòš³ ¾ããñ ã ãñœããêããè, ããìãî¾ã ãš ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ãã ãêãñêããè ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ã î ã ÀãÖ ãñ ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ããþãã ª ããã ÜãÔãÀ ¾ãã ã ããêãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ÔÌã ãã ã¾ãâ ããè ØãÆã½ã ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããà ¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ããàâ¼ãã¹ããôãî ã, ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ããìãàöãè, ¹ãŠ ã ã 3 ã ãñš Êãã¼ãã ããë ããè ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ØãÀãèºããè ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã ãäô ã ããè ããñêããâ Êããè. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ãùû ºããºããÔããÖñºã ããâºãñ ãšà ¾ãã¾ã ¼ãÌã ã ãããä ã ãî ã ããè ãšà ã ãñšêãñêãñ ½ã ¾ãÌã ããê ãìáâøã ¾ããÔããÀŒ¾ãã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã, ` 6.52 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ããìãàöãè ¹ã¾ããñØã ã Öãñ ãã ¹ã î ã Öãñ ¾ãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓãªãâ ããè, ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ÊãñŒãñ ÔããªÀ ãšà ãñ, ½ãâ ãîà ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ¹ãÆ ãšããäîã ã ãšà ãñ ¾ããÔãâºãâ ããèþããè ãšãëôãîþããè ¹ããßÊããè ããöãè. ãè ããà ãè, ÌãããäÎã½ã½ã ¾ãñ ãâ ãøãã ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÎããŒãã ãìö ããè ÎããÔããä ãš¾ã ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ã ãì¹ããë ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã (¹ããäÀÞœñª 2.1.9) ã ãì¹ããë ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãñ ã ÔãâÌãñª ããàã½ã (critical) àãñ ãã ã Ëàã ããè¾ã ãš½ã ãà ãã ãã ßʾãã ¾ããâÞãã Àã ¾ã ÔãÀ ãšãàþ¾ãã ãšã¾ããàã½ã ãñìãà ¹ãƼããÌã ¹ã Ëã Öãñ ãã. ¾ãã ŒããËãèË ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñ ã. ãâš ãã ã ããèêã ã ãé¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãâºãà Üãñ ãê¾ããþããè ½ãîß ãäºã ã ãšñ ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ` ÊããŒããÞããè ¹ãƪã ãñ ãñšê¾ããþãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã Œããñ ãã ¹ãƪã ããâ½ã ¾ãñ ããêãã. Ö ãã ºããè ã ãšãâþ¾ãã œã¾ããâ ãšãè ã ¹ãÆãä ã ¾ãã ãã ããàñ ¹ãƪã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãšñëñ Öãñ ãñ ¾ãã Œããñ ãã ãôãê¾ããþãñ ÊãñŒãã¹ããäÀàã ããâ ã ãã ßî ã ããêãñ. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 3.1.1) ãòš³ ÎããÔã ããþããè Ìã ãôãâààã ã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1980 ãâ ãøãã ã ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè ã Üãñ ãã ãšãêãì¾ããþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã ºãªËʾãã½ãìßñ ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøããôã ` ãšãñ ãèþãã ãß ãã¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããªã ŒãÞãà ãšàãìãã ÊããØãÊãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 3.2.2) ªãñ ã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ßã ãñ ããè ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã Àñ ãè¾ãêã ªÀÌãã ãñ ¼ããÀ ããè Ìã ƒ ãà ã ãìîãâøããè ãš ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãòš³ãè¾ã ¹ã㪠ÎãìÊ ãš ãâ ã¼ãîã ã ãšà ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãâ ãã ` 9.44 ãšãñ ãè Þãã ØãõÀÌãã ãìããè ¹ãŠã¾ãªã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 3.2.3) ¼ãâ ãàã ÎãÖÀã ããèêã ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøã ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøããîããè ÔãÊËã½ãÔãË ã ãšà ¾ããÔã ã¹ã¾ãîããè ÀãÖãèʾãã½ãìßñ ` ãšãñ ãéþãã ãß ãã¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ããêãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 3.3.1) 5

94 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ªã¹ãÞãñÀãè, Ÿã ãñ ¾ãñ ããèêã Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããè ¹ã㪠㠹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãñ ã¾ããñø¾ã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ìã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ` 7.88 ãšãñ ãèþãã ŒãÞãà ãä ãó¹ãšß ããêãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 3.3.3) ããä½ã ããèþããè ãšã¾ãªñîããèà ãäô ã ããè ãã ãî ã ã Üãñ ãã ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã/ ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ̪ãÀñ ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãñšê¾ãã ãñ, ` 3.39 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ããê¾ããìãà ãšã½ã ºãâªÞã ããëñ ããöãè ãà ` 2.29 ãšãñ ãéþãñ ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã Ìã ¾ããÌãÀãèË ÔãâãäÞã ã ̾ãã ããþããè ` ËãŒããÞããè ÌãÔãìËãèÖãè ãîã ã ¾ã¹ãÆã¾ã ããëãè. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 3.4.1) 1.7 ÎããÔã ããþãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããôã ¹ãÆãä ãôã㪠ãñþãã ã¼ããìã ¹ãÆÊãâãäºã ã ãä ãàãèàã ã ãöìããêã ãäìããäö ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ãä ã¾ã½ã ãããä 㠹㠪 ããè ãìôããà ½ãÖãÊãñŒãã ãšãà (ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã) ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞããè ãããä ã ½ãÖ ÌããÞ¾ãã ÊãñŒ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÀŒãÀŒããÌããÞããè ãããä ã ƒ ãà ªÔ ããìãñ ããâþãñ ãšãêãºã ª ãä ãàãèàã ã ãããä ã ãä ã¾ã½ããè ã ã¹ããôã ããè ãšàãè ã ãôã ãã ãû ÊãñŒãã ãä ãàãèàã ããâþãñ ãöìããêã Ôãâºãâ ããè ã ªÔ ããìãñ ããâôãö ¾ãã ¾ãã ãšã¾ãããêã¾ããâ ãã ãããä ã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÌããäÀÓŸ ãšã¾ãããêã¾ããâ ãã ¹ããŸãäÌãÊãñ ãã ãã ãû ÊãñŒãã ¹ããäÀàã ãã ããèêã ãä ããäààã ããâþ¾ãã Ôã⪼ããà ã Öãñ ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã ¹ãÆÊãâãäºã ã ãšã¾ããìããöãè Ôãâºãâ ããèþãã ãöìããêã ¾ãã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ÔããäÞãÌããâ ãš ñ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã Ôãâãä ã¾ãâ ã ããôããÿãè ªÀ ÔãÖã ½ããäÖ ¾ããâ ããè ¹ããŸãäÌãÊãã ãã ããñû ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2011 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ãìš ã Ôãã ã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã 8,442 ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞãñ 2,961 ãä ãàãèàã ã ãöìããêã ãî ã 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆÊãâãäºã ã Öãñ ãñû ¹ãÆÊãâãäºã ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞããè ãããä ã ãä ãàãèàã ã ãöìããêããâþããè ÌãÓãÃãä ãöã¾ã ãäô ã ããè ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ 1.1 ½ã ¾ãñ ªÎãÃãäÌãÊããè ããöñû ¹ãÆãÁ¹ã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâ ãã ãäìã¼ããøããþãã ¹ãÆãä ãôã㪠¾ããâÞãã ¹ãÆãä ãôã㪠ÔãÖã ããÿìã ãã ã ¹ããŸãäÌã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãäìã ãâ ããèôãö, ã ããîããôã ãšãè¾ã ¹ã ããìªãàñ ¹ãÆãÁ¹ã ¹ããäÀÞœñª Ìã ãšã¾ãããäôã ªãè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ¾ãã- ¾ãã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãã ã ÔããäÞãÌããâ ãã/ôããäþãìããâ ãã ¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè ãããä ã ãùã ã ãñºãà 2012 ªÀ½¾ãã ã ¹ããŸãäÌã ¾ãã ã ããêãñ Öãñ ãñû ¾ãã ãöìããêãã ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã 11 ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâ¹ãõ ãšãè ããÿ ¹ããäÀÞœñªãÔã ÎããÔã ããþãñ ãà ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêãñ Ìã ãä ãêöã ãòš³ãè ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããôã ãà ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêãñ ããöãèû ãñ ãñ- ãñ ãñ ãàñ ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêããè Öãñ ããè ¾ããâÞãã ãöìããêãã ã ¾ã ããñãäþã ã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñêãã ããöñû ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãöìããêããâþãã ¹ã㟹ãìÀãÌãã ãäìã ããè½ãâ ßãÊãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãöìããêã ÔããªÀ ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãà ããè ã ½ããäÖ ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãã ã ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ¹ã ããß ããè ãñšêãñêãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããôãâºãâ ããèþãñ Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ãã ½ã ãš ãã¹ã ã, ãäìã ã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ãã ãñìããàãè 2001 Þ¾ãã ÔãîÞã ãñ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ, ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãäìã ããè½ãâ ß ÔããäÞãÌããÊã¾ãã ãš ñ ¹ããŸãäÌã ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš ããöñû ¹ãÀâ ãì ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ¾ãã ÔãîÞã ããâþããè ¹ãî ãã ãã ãñšêããè ããöãèû ÌãÓãà ¹ããÔãî ã ¹ã¾ãÄ ãþ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ããèêã 37 ¹ããäÀÞœñª/ ãã ãì¾ããâþããè (reviews) Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ãã ½ã ãš ãã¹ã ãñ (EMs) ã ãî ã¹ã¾ãä ã ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêããè ããöãè ãû ÌãÓãà ãñ ¹ã¾ãÄ ãþããè ¹ãÆÊãâãäºã ã Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ãã ½ã ãš ãã¹ã ããâþããè ãäô ã ããè ã ã ãã ãæâš.2 ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñû 6

95 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã I -¹ãÆÔ ããìã ãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÌãÓãà ã ã ãã 2: ÌãÓãà ªÀ½¾ãã ã Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ãã ½ã ãš ãã¹ã ããâþããè ãäô ã ããè ãöìããêã ÔããªÀ ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞããè/ ãã ãìããâþããè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêãñêããè ãšà ¾ããÞããè ãããäàœã Ôã⌾ãã Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ãã ½ã ãš ãã¹ã ãñ ãä¹ãæêã ãä¹ãæêã ãî ã ãä¹ãæêã ãä¹ãæêã 2011 ãããä ã 23 ãä ÔãñâºãÀ 2011 ºãã ãšãè ãä¹ãæêã ãšî ã ÛãããäÎãÌãã¾ã ÌãÓãà ¹ãìÌããêÞ¾ãã 15 ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞããè Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ãã ½ã ãš ãã¹ã ãñ ã²ãã¹ã ¾ãñ ãñ ºãã ãšãè ããöñû ¾ããÞããè ãäìã¼ããøããä ãöã¾ã ãäô ã ããè ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ 1.2 ½ã ¾ãñ ãäªêãñêããè ããöñû ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ããòªãè (ATN) ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãäìã ããè½ãâ ß ÔããäÞãÌããÊã¾ããÞ¾ãã ãä ã¾ã½ããâ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ Êããñ ãšêãñœãã Ôããä½ã ããèìªãàã ÞãÞããà ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñʾãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãöìããêãã ããèêã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâãäÌãÓã¾ããè ¾ããâ ããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ãäîã¹ãšãàôããé ãìôããà ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ¹ã ããß ããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã, ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ããòªãè ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãäìã ãã ã½ãâ ß ÔããäÞãÌããÊã¾ããÊãã ¹ããŸãäÌã ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš ããöñû ÛããÞã¹ãƽãã ãñ ÞãÞããà ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñʾãã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÔãºãâ ããè Ôãì ªã ¹ãã¾ãã ½ã ãš/ôãì ããà ãã ãäìãóã¾ããèþãã, ÊãñŒãã ¹ããäÀàãñ ãñ ¹ã ããß ããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã, ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ããòªãè Êããñ ãš ÊãñŒãã Ôããä½ã ããè ãš ñ ¹ããŸãäÌãʾãã ¹ããÖãè ãñû ãîãã ¹ãÆ ãšãàþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞããè ÌãÓãÃãä ãöã¾ã ãäô ã ããè ãñ ¾ãã ãìã ããèôããÿãè ã ã ãã ãæš.3 ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñû ÊãñŒãã¹ããäÀàãã ÌãÓãà ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãöìããêãã½ã ããèêã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞããè ãšì ã Ôã⌾ãã ã ã ãã 3: ¹ãÆÊãâãäºã ã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÞããè ÌãÓãÃãä ãöã¾ã ãäô ã ããè ãšì ã ¹ããäÀÞœñª ÞãÞããà ãšñêãñêãñ ÞãÞããà ã ãšñêãñêãñ ¹ããäÀÞœñªãÔãâºãâ ããè ãšã¾ããìããöãèþ¾ãã ¹ãÆÊãâãäºã ã ããñâªãè ÞãÞããà ãšñêãñêãñ ÞãÞããà ã ãšñêãñêãñ ãñ Ôãã½ãã ¾ã, Ôãã½ãã ããè ãš Ìã ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ããâþããè ãšãä ã ã Ôã⌾ãã 7

96 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ãšî ã ÊãñŒãã¹ããäÀàãñ ããèêã ¹ããäÀÞœñªãâÌãÀãèÊã ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ããòªãè, ºãÖì ããâîããè ãäìã¼ããøãã ãš î ã ãôãã ããà ã ãäìãêãâºã ããê¾ããþãñ ãä ãâšìãã Ôã ã ã ãßã ãß Öãñ ã ãôãê¾ããþãñ ãäªôãî ã ããêãñ ããöñ. 8

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100 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãäìã¼ããøã 2.1 ÌãããäÎã½ãÞããè ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ½ãâ ß ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ãšããä ½ã ãðš ã Ô ãããä ã ãš àãñ ã ãäìã ãšãôãã ãšãäà ãã ãäìã ãì¾ãìãô ãã Ôããñ¹ããäÌã ¾ããÔããŸãè, ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÒÓ ãè ãšãñ ããêãã ãäªêãñêãñ ½ãÖ Ìã ããñßœãî ã, ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ã ãšã¾ããããä Ìã ã ããêãñê¾ãã ãäìããäìã ã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš- ãããä ãã ãš ãäìã ãšãôããþ¾ãã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâþããè ãäô ã ããè Ìã ¹ãƼããÌããÞãñ ãä ã ãããà ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè, ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûããþãñ ãä ãêöã- ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ. ¾ãã ãã ãì¾ãã ã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš àãñ ãã ããèêã ããàãñø¾ã, ãäîãàã ã, ¹ãã ããè¹ãìàìãÿã, Ôã½ãã ã ãšê¾ãã ã, Àãñ ãøããà ãä ããä½ãã ããè ãããä ã ØããäÀºããè ãš½ããè ãšà ãñ ãôãñþã ãäôãâþã ã, ãðšóããè ƒû Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ãã ããèêã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâþãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãã. ãšãöãè ½ãÖ ÌããÞãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã ŒããËãè˹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñ ã: Ÿß ãš ÌãõãäÎãÓ ¾ãñ ãìšÿê¾ããöãè ÌãÓããà ãšãäà ãã, ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè ãñ ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ããè ãããä ã ãøãà ¹ãããäÊã ãšã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãš ããè ãšà ã ãšá ã ãšã ½ããè ãðš ã ãä ãêöã ¾ããñ ã ãã ã¾ããà ãñšêããè ãìö ããè. (¹ããäÀÞœñª 2.1.6) ãä ãêûãã ã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ Ìã ¹ã ãòš³ñ ¾ããâÞãã ãì Ìã ã Öãñ ãã ãããä ã ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒããèÞããè ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¾ãã ã Øãâ¼ããèÀ ããèìãã Öãñ ¾ãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ã¾ããù ã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãìö ¾ããû ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñœããêããè, ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãããä ã ÞÞã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ ããâìã ããòª ããè Ìãã ãäìã ¾ããÞãñ ã䪪áó Ôãã ¾ã Öãñ Š Îã ãšêãñ ããöãè. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ãä ãêûãã ã, ãã¾ã ãè ãã¾ã Þããè Ñãñ ããè Ìãã ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã ªªñáÎãã ãñ, ÑãñÓŸ Ìã ãòš³ ¾ããñ ã ãñœããêããè, ããìãî¾ã ãš ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ãã ãêãñêããè ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ã î ã ÀãÖ ãñ ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ããþãã ª ããã ÜãÔãÀ ¾ãã ã ããêãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ÔÌã ãã ã¾ãâ ããè ØãÆã½ã ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããà ¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ããàâ¼ãã¹ããôãî ã, ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ããìãàöãè, ¹ãŠ ã ã 3 ã ãñš Êãã¼ãã ããë ããè ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ØãÀãèºããè ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã ãäô ã ããè ããñêããâ Êããè. (¹ããäÀÞœñª ) ãùû ºããºããÔããÖñºã ããâºãñ ãšà ¾ãã¾ã ¼ãÌã ã ãããä ã ãî ã ããè ãšà ã ãñšêãñêãñ ½ã ¾ãÌã ããê ãìáâøã ¾ããÔããÀŒ¾ãã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã, ` 6.52 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ããìãàöãè ¹ã¾ããñØã ã Öãñ ãã ¹ã î ã Öãñ ¾ãã. (¹ããäÀÞœñª )

101 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓãªãâ ããè ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ÊãñŒãñ ÔããªÀ ãšà ãñ, ½ãâ ãîà ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ¹ãÆ ãšããäîã ã ãšà ãñ ¾ããÔãâºãâ ããèþããè ãšãëôãîþããè ¹ããßÊããè ããöãè. ãè ããà ãè ÌãããäÎã½ã½ã ¾ãñ ãâ ãøãã ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÎããŒãã ãìö ããè ãä ãêûããþããè Á¹ãÀñŒãã (¹ããäÀÞœñª 2.1.9) ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêöã, Ôã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ã ãšãñêãã ãä ãêûããþ¾ãã ãäìã¼ãã ã ãã ãâ ãà 1 ãìêãõ 1998 Êãã ºã ãìã ¾ãã ã ããêããû ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêöã ãäì㪼ãã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ¹ããäÎÞã½ãñÊãã ãäô ã ã ããöñû ã ãšãñêãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãàñêãã, ã½ãàãìã ããè ãàãâ¹ãîìãóêãã, ¾ãÌã ã½ããß ¹ãîÌãóÊãã, ãäöâøããñêããè ªãäàã ãñêãã ãããä ã ºãìÊã ã ãã ¹ããäÎÞã½ãñÊãã ããöñû 2011 Þ¾ãã ã ãøã ã ãñ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ, ¾ãã ãä ãêûããþããè Êããñ ãšôã✾ãã ÊããŒã Öãñ ããè ããè Àã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãîš ã Êããñ ãšôã✾ãñþ¾ãã ( ËãŒã) 1.06 ã ãñš Öãñ ããè ÊããŒããâ¹ãõ ãšãè ØãÆã½ããè ã Êããñ ãšôã✾ãã 9.86 ÊããŒã (82.37 ã ãšñ) ãããä ã ÎãÖÀãè Êããñ ãšôã✾ãã 2.11 ÊããŒã (17.63 ã ãñš) Öãñ ããè. ãä ãêûãã½ã ¾ãñ ÔããàãÀ ãñþãñ ¹ãƽãã ã ã ãñš Öãñ ãñ ãããä ã ãäêãâøã Øãì ããñ ãà (¹ãìÁÓã:Ô ããè) 1000:926 ãôãñ Öãñ ãñ ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ÔãâÀÞã ãã ãä ãêöã Ô ãàãìãà, ãäìã ãšãôã ¾ããñ ã ããâþ¾ãã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ããþãñ ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè, ¹ããÊã ãš½ãâ ããè ¹ãƽãìŒã¹ãªãè ãôãêãñêããè, ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè Öãè ãäîãœãà ÔãâÔ ãã ããöñ. ãä ãêöããä ã ãšãàãè Öã ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããèþãã ( ãè¹ããèôããè) ÔãªÔ¾ã ÔããäÞãÌã ãããä ã ÔãÌãà ãäìã ãšãôã ãšã¾ãã 㚽㠽ãâ ãîà ãšà ããàã ¹ãÆããä ã ãšãàãè ããöñ. ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã Ìã Ôãâãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ¾ããÔããŸãè ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè ( ãè¹ããè ããñ) Öã ãä ãêöããä ã ãšãå ¾ããÊãã ÔãÖã¾¾ã ãšà ããñ. ãä ãêûããþããè ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ÔãâÀÞã ãã ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ ½ã ¾ãñ ãäþããä ã ã ãñšêããè ããöñ. ½ã쌾ã ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä ã ãšãàãè (ÔããèƒÃ ããñ), ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓ㪠(ãä ã.¹ã.) ÌãããäÎã½ã Öã ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓãªñÞãã ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ¹ãƽãìŒã ãôãñþã ãä ãêöã ØãÆã½ããè ã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä¼ã ãšà ããþãã ( ãè ããà ãè ) ã ¾ãàã ãôã ããñ. ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ÔãâÞããÊã ãš, ãè ããà ãè ããñ, ãè ããà ãè ãããä ã ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ã Àã ã ÔãâÔ ãã (¹ããè ããà ãã¾ã) Þãñ ãôãñ ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ã Àã ã Ôããä½ã ããèâþãñ Øã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä ã ãšãàãè (ºããè ãè ããñ) ãããä ã ØãÆã½ã ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ããèþãñ ÔããäÞãÌã ¾ãã½ã ããèêã Ôã½ã Ìã¾ããÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšà ããñ, Ôããè ƒã ããñ (ãä ã.¹ã.) Êãã ÔãÖã¾¾ã ãšà ããñ. ãè ããà ãè Öãè ããòª ããè ãðš ã ÔãâÔ ãã ããöñ ãããä ã ããè ØãÆã½ããè ã ¼ããØãã ããèêã ãäìããäìã ã ¾ããñ ã ããâþ¾ãã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ããìãà ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþ¾ãã ãäªîãã ãäìã¼ããøããìªãàñ ªñŒãÀñŒã ŸñÌã ¾ããÔããŸãè ãä ãêöã Ô ãàãìãà ¹ãƽãìŒã ãâøã ããöñ ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè ãäªáó ñ ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè ãäªáó ñ ¹ãì ãèêã ºããºããéÞãñ ãä ã ãããà ã ãšà ãñ Öñ Öãñ ãñ: ãäìããäìã ã ¾ããñ ã ããâ ãšãäà ãã ãä ã¾ããñ ã 㠹㠪 ãîããèà Öãñ ãñ ãšã? ãäìããäìã ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâ ãšãäà ãã ãä ã ããèþãñ ̾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ã ¹ã¾ããù ã Öãñ ãñ ãšã? ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ/ ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâþãñ ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšãà ãš Öãñ ãñ ãšã? ãããä ã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšãà ãš Ôãâãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ãããä ã ãâ ãøãã ã ãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ¾ãâ ã ãã ããäô ã Ìãã ã Öãñ ããè ãšã? 10

102 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã ¹ãì ãèêã ãšôããñ ããâìãà ãã ããàêãñêãñ Öãñ ãñ ãä ãêöã ÌãããäÓãà 㚠¾ããñ ã ãã Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ãšã¾ãã ãæš½ããâþããè/¾ããñ ã ããâþããè ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìãñ ãããä ã ÔãÌãÃÔãã ããà ã ãäìã ããè¾ã ãä ã¾ã½ã, ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãšãñóããøããà ãä ã¾ã½ã ¾ããÔããÀŒãñ Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ããþãñ ãä ã¾ã½ã Ìã ãäìããä ã¾ã½ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè ̾ãã¹ ããè Ìã ãšã¾ãã¹ã ª ããè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ãšãäà ãã, ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãã ãñìããàãè ãñ ãî ã 2012 ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñ. ãä ãêöãô ãàãè¾ã ãšã¾ãããêã¾ãñ, ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ ãããä ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ¾ãñ ããèêã ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãšã, ããè ã 5 Øã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâÞããè ãšã¾ãããêã¾ãñ ãããä ã ¾ãã Øã ãâþ¾ãã 49 ØãÆã½ã¹ãâÞãã¾ã ããè ¾ãã ÒãäÞœ ãš ã½ãì ãã ¹ããÖ ããè ãâ ãã ãñ ãä ãìã ʾãã Øãñʾãã. ããàãñø¾ã, ãäîãàã ã, ¹ãã ããè¹ãìàìãÿã, ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã, ãðšóããè, ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ƒ. Ôãâºãâ ããèþ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþããè œã ã ããè ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè. 17 ½ãñ 2012 Êãã ¹ãÆ ãã ã ÔããäÞãÌã (ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã) ½ãâ ããêã¾ã ½ãìâºãƒÃ ¾ããâÞãñºãÀãñºãÀ ¹ãÆÌãñÎã ¹ããäÀÓ㪠Üãñ ãê¾ãã ØãñÊããè ¾ãã½ãâ ¾ãñ ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè ã䪪áó ñ, ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþ¾ãã ãšôããñ ãã ãããä ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþããè ̾ãã¹ ããè ¾ããâÞããè ÞãÞããà ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè. ãä ãøãã½ã ã ¹ããäÀÓ㪠22 ãã ãñìããàãè 2013 Êãã ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ã½ãàãìã ããè ¾ããâÞãñºãÀãñºãÀ Üãñ ãê¾ãã ØãñÊããè. ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Üã ãñþ¾ãã 74 ̾ãã ªìÂÔ ããè ãñ, ãä ãêûãã ããèêã ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ããè Ìã ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãšã ¾ããâ ããè ã¾ããà ãñšêãñê¾ãã ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãš ããè ãšà ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ãš ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè ( ãè ¹ããè Ôããè) Ô ãã¹ã ã ãšà ãñ ½ãÖããäªÓ ãñšêãñ ããöñû ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè ( ãè¹ããè ããñ) ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã (½ãñ 2012) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè ½ããÞãà 1998 ½ã ¾ãñ Ô ãã¹ã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêããè. ã ãããä¹ã ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè ãñ ãìšÿê¾ããöãè ÌãÓããà ãšãäà ãã, ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ããè ãããä ã ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãšã ¾ããâ ããè ã¾ããà ãñšêãñê¾ãã ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãš ããè ãšà ã ãšã ãšã ½ããè ãðš ã ãä ãêöã ¾ããñ ã ãñ ã ãñšêãñ ããöãè. ãä ãêöã ¹ãÆããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ããè, ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè½ã ¾ãñ, ¾ããñ ã ãã/ ãšã¾ãã 㚽㠾ããâÌãÀ ` 1, ãšãñ ãè Þãã ŒãÞãà ãñšêãã Öãè ÌãÔ ãìãäô ã ããè ãôã ããâ ãã; Ôãâ¹ãî ãã ãä ãêûããâ ãšãäà ãã (¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãšãä ã ãšà ã) ãšã ãšã ½ããè ãðš ã ãäìã ãšãôã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ãã ã ã ãšà ãñ Öñ ÌãÀ ã½ãîª ãñšêãñê¾ãã Üã ãñþ¾ãã ãà ãìªãèþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã Öãñ ãñ. ãä ãøãã½ã ã ¹ããäÀÓãªñ ã ( ãã ãñìããàãè 2013) ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ã½ãàãìã ããè ¾ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ ºãõŸ ãšãè Üãñ ¾ãã ããèêã ãî ãäìã ãšãôã ¾ããñ ã ããâþ¾ãã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ããþ¾ãã ¹ãÆØã ããèþãã ãã ãìãã Üãñ ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ãä ã½ããöãè ã ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããèþããè ºãõŸ ãš Öãñ ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš Öãñ ãñû ãäìããäìã ã ãòš³ ¹ãìÀÔ ãðš ã ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãâ ãøãã ã ãä½ãßãêãñê¾ãã ãä ã ããèþ¾ãã ¾ããñؾã Ìãã¹ãÀãÞãã ãã ãìãã Üãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ãããä ã ¾ããâÞãñ Ôãâãä ã¾ãâ ã ã 5 ½ããÊãñØããÌã, ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ ãããä ã ÌãããäÎã½ã 11

103 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè, ãããä ãã ãš ãä ã¾ã½ãºããûã ãñêãã ¹ãÆãä ãºãâ ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè Ôãì ããàã ½ã ãš ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ãããä ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâþ¾ãã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ããìãà ªñŒãÀñŒã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè, ãä ãêöã ªàã ãã ãããä ã Ôãâãä ã¾ãâ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããèþããè ( ãè ÌÖãè ½ã Ôããè) ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ãä ã½ããöãèêãã ºãõŸ ãš Öãñ ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš Öãñ ãñû ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè, ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã, ãè ¹ããè Ôããè ãããä ã ãè ÌÖãè ½ã Ôããè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããìãî¾ã ãš ÌããèÔã ºãõŸ ãšãèþ¾ãã ããøããè ã ãì ãš½ãñ ¹ãŠ ã ã 12 ãããä ã 5 Ìãñßã ºãõŸ ãšãè ãê¾ãã. ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ¾ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ ØããäÀºããè ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã ̾ããä ã ãâþããè ã ãøã ã ãã ØãÆã½ããè ã ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãâ ããêã¾ã ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ¾ããâ ããè ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìããâ¹ãƽãã ãñ, ØããäÀºããè ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã ̾ããä ã ãâþããè ã ãøã ã ãã ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ¹ãâÞãÌãããäÓãà 㚠¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ÔãìÀŠÌãã ããèêãã ãñšêããè ¹ãããäÖ ãñû ã ãããä¹ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ã ØããäÀºããè ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã ̾ããä ã ãâþããè ã ãøã ã ãã 2002, 10 Ìããè ¹ãâÞãÌãããäÓãà 㚠¾ããñ ã ãã ( ) ¹ãî ãã ÌÖãÌã¾ããÞ¾ã㠹㊠ã ã ãš ÌãÓãà ãøããñªà ¹ãî ãã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè ½Ö ã ãñ ½ã ¾ãñ. ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè 88,698 ããä¼ã ãã ã ØãÆã½ããè ã ØããäÀºããè ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã Êãã¼ãã ããê¹ãõ ãšãè ¹ãŠ ã ã 40,999 Êãã¼ãã ããë ãã ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ÔÌã ãã ã¾ãâ ããè ØãÆã½ã ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããà ¾ããñ ã ãã ãããä ã ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñþãã Êãã¼ã ãä½ãßãêãã. ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ¾ããâ ããè ã½ãìª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ÌãÃãäÀ ã 47,699 Êãã¼ãã ããë ãã 2011 Þ¾ãã (ºããè.¹ããè. Ë.) ã ãøã ã ãñ ãìôããà Êãã¼ã ªñ ¾ãã ã ¾ãñƒÃÊã. ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ÔãñÌãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ããþãñ ãä ãó ãšóãã ŒããÊããèÊã¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñ ã ããàãñø¾ã ãããä ã ãä¹ã ¾ããÞãñ ¹ãã ããè ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ØãÆã½ããè ã ããàãñø¾ã ½ãâ ß ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ãšãäà ãã 12 ãä¹ãæêã 2005 Êãã ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ØãÆã½ããè ã ããàãñø¾ã ½ãâ ß Ôãâ¹ãî ãã ªñÎãã ã ¹ãÆãÀâ¼ã ãñšêãñ. ½ãâ ßãÞãã Öñ ãì, ØãÆã½ããè ã àãñ ãã ã ÔãìØã½ã, ¹ãÀÌã ¾ãã ããñøããè, Ô¹ãÓ ãè ãšà ã¾ããñø¾ã, ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšãà ãš ãããä ã ãäìãîìããôãî ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ÔãìãäÌã ããâþããè ãà ãîª ãšà ãñ Öã Öãñ ãã. ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ããä ã ãšãàãè ( ãè Þã ããñ) ãä ã.¹ã. ãããä ã ãä ãêöã Îãʾã ãäþããä ãš Ôã ãš (Ôããè Ôã) ÔãÌãÃÔãã ããà ã ãä ãêöã ÁØ ããêã¾ã Öñ ãš ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãä ãêöã ÁØ ããêã¾ã ( ãè Þã), Ôãã ã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ (Ôããè Þã Ôããè), 25 ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ (¹ããè Þã Ôããè) ãããä ã 153 ¹ã ãòš³ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ̪ãÀñ ãä ãêûãã ããèêã ã ã ãñôããÿãè ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ÔãñÌãã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ãºããºãªãà ããöñ ã. ãš 12

104 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãä ãêöã ÁØ ããêã¾ã, ªãñ ã 6 Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ, 13 7 ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœ¾ããâþããè ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè. ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ ãããä ã 18 8 ¹ã ãòš³ñ ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ØãÀ ãñìãà ãã ãããäà ã ãããä ã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ½ããÊã ãšãèþ¾ãã ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ãšã¾ããìããöãè ¾ããñ ã ãã ( ãè Þã ¹ããè), ããàãñø¾ã àãñ ãã ããèêã ÖÔ ãàãñ¹ããþãã ãã ããà ÌÖãÌãã ¾ããÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè, ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ØãÆã½ããè ã ããàãñø¾ã ½ãâ ß ãäìã ãòšãä³ ã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãããä ã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã ̾ãÌãÔ ãñôããÿãè ãã ãñ ãšã ¹ãƾã ã ãšà ãñû ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ÔãâÔ ãñêãã ( ãè Þã Ôã) ½ãâ ßãÞ¾ãã Ôãâ¹ãî ãã ãšã¾ãã ãšãßã ãšãäà ãã ( ) ¹ããäÀ¹ãÆñà¾ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ã¾ããà ãšà ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš ããöñû ã ãããä¹ã ¹ããäÀ¹ãÆñà¾ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ã¾ããà ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè ããöãèû ¹ããäÀÌããÀ ÔãÌãóàã ã ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ØãÆã½ããè ã ããàãñø¾ã ½ãâ ßãÞ¾ãã ( ã ããà Þã ½ã) ¹ã ª ããè ¹ãƽãã ãñ, ØãÆã½ããè ã ã ã ãñþ¾ãã ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ØãÀ ãã Ôã½ã ãî ã Üãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè, ãôãñþã ãä¹ã ¾ããÞãñ ¹ãã ããè, Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ, Àãñ ãøããà ãããä ã ƒ ãà ÔãìãäÌã ããâ¹ã¾ãä ã ¹ããñÞã ¾ããÔããÀŒãñ ƒ ãà ãä ã ããã¾ãã ¹ããäÀÌããÀãÊãã ãšôãñ ¹ãƼãããäÌã ã ãšà ãã ã ¾ããÞãã ãâªã ã Üãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè, Ôãã ã ãôãâ¹ã ããèþãã ããàãœã ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè 2007 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã 50 ã ãñš ¹ããäÀÌããÀ ÔãÌãóàã ã ãããä ã 2008 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã 100 ã ãñš ¹ããäÀÌããÀ ÔãÌãóàã ããþãñ Êãà¾ã Öãñ ãñû ã ãããä¹ã ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ÔãâÔ ãñ ãñ ( ãè Þã Ôã) ãä ãêûãã ã ¹ããäÀÌããÀ ÔãÌãóàã ã ãñšêãñ ããöãèû ÔãìãäÌã ãã ÔãÌãóàã ã ÔãñÌããâÞ¾ãã Øãì ãìã ãñþããè ãšôããñ ãè ŸÀãäÌã ¾ããÔããŸãè ãããä ã ãä ããäìããäó ØãÀ ãã ããñߜ㠾ããÔããŸãè, Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ, ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ, ¹ã ãòš³ñ ãããä ã ãä ãêöã ÀŠØ ããë¾ã ¾ãã ããèêã ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ÔãìãäÌã ãã ãšàãè ãã Îãâ¼ãÀ ã ãñš ÔãìãäÌã ãã ÔãÌãóàã ã, ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2008 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñû ¾ãã ÔãÌãóàã ããâ ããè, ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ãããä ã ½ãã ãìããè Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ÔÌãÁ¹ããÞããè Ôã½ããèàã ãã ½ã ãš ½ãããäÖ ããè ²ããÌããè ãîããè ã¹ãñàãã Öãñ ããè ãããä ã ¾ãã ãìôããà ¾ããâ ãã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ¹ãÆãä ãš¾ãñìªãàã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñû œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ( ãä¹ãæêã 2012) ããêãñ ãšãè, (Ôãã ã¹ãõ ãšãè) ããè ã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ã ã, (25 ¹ãõ ãšãè) 10 ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ã ã ãããä ã (153 ¹ãõ ãšãè) 63 ¹ã ãòš³ã ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ÔãÌãóàã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñ ãìö ãñû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñû ããàãñø¾ããìãà ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ãöìããêã ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ØãÆã½ããè ã ããàãñø¾ã ½ãâ ß Öñ, ½ãâ ßãÞ¾ãã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ãã ããèêã ¹ãÆØã ããèìãà ÔãÌãà Ôã½ãã ããêãã ãöìããêã ªñ ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã, Àã ¾ã ãããä ã ãä ãêöã Ô ãàãìãà, ããàãñø¾ããìãà ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ãöìããêã ¹ãÆ ãšããäîã ã ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ºããâ ããèêã ããöñû ã ãããä¹ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ã ãôãã ãöìããêã ¹ãÆ ãšããäîã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãã ããöãèû ½ããÊãñØããÌã Ìã ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ ããôãñøããâìã, ã ããäôãâøã, ããõë ãšã, ãšãôããñêãã, ãšã ã, ãä ãšãä ãàã ãã, ½ãñ Îããè, ½ããñÖÀãè, ¹ãã ãê ã ãšã½ããñà, ÎãñÊãîºãã ããà, ãäîãà¹ãîà, ããò ØããÌã Ìã Ìãã ããñ ãã ºããñÀãÊãã, Þãã⪃Ã, ãäîãìãàã, ãñš ãšã î½ãàã, ãšãò ãßã ãã½ãàñ, ½ããÊãñØããâÌã 2, ½ãÀÔãîß, ¹ããâØãÀãè ãìš ñ, ¹ããÀ ãè, ¹ãŠãßñØããâÌã, ¹ããñ ãè, Àã ãìàã, ãäîãà¹ãîà 1, ããâ ãßãè ºãì ãá ãš, ããâ ãßãè ÎãñÌãƒÃ, ãå Öãßã, ããò ØããÌã 1 Ìã ÌããÀÊãã 13

105 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè, Àã ¾ãã ããèêã ÔãìÁ ãôãêãñê¾ãã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâºãªªáêã ãä ãâšìãã ãä ãêûãã ã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ÔãìãäÌã ããâºãªªáêã Ôã½ãã ããêãã ½ãããäÖ ããè ãìö ããèû àã½ã ãã ºããâ ã ããè ã ããà Þã ½ã Þ¾ãã ÔãâÀÞã ãñ ã 5,000 Êããñ ãš Ôã⌾ãñ ãšãäà ãã ( ã ã ãããä ã àãñ ãã ã 3,000) ãš ¹ã ãòš³, 30,000 Êããñ ãšôã✾ãñ ãšãäà ãã ( ã ã ãããä ã àãñ ãã ã 20,000) ãš ¹ãÆã ãããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³, ãš ÊããŒã Êããñ ãšôã✾ãñ ãšà ãã ( ã ã ãããä ã/ìããßìãâ àãñ ãã ã 80,000) ãš Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ãþããè ãà ãîª ãšà ¾ããÞãñ Êãà¾ã Öãñ ãñû 2011 Þ¾ãã ã ãøã ã ãñ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãä ãêûãã ã 33 ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³âñ ãããä ã 197 ¹ã ãòš³ãþããè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã Öãñ ããèû ¾ãã ñìã ããè ãä ãêûãã 㠹㊠ã ã 25 ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³âñ ãããä ã 153 ¹ã ãòš³ñ ÞããÊãî Öãñ ããè, ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ããÿ ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³âñ ãããä ã 44 ¹ã ãòš³ãþ¾ãã âþããƒã ã ããêããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñû ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ããâþããè ã ãì¹ãê㺠ã ãã ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ÔãâÔ ããâþ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâìãá ã ãôãñ ãäªôãî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ( ãî ã 2012) ãä ãêûãã ããèêã Ôãã ã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ, 25 ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ Ìã 153 ¹ã ãòš³ñ ¾ãã¹ãõ ãšãè ãš Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³, ããè ã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ ãããä ã 44 ¹ã ãòš³ã ãìãß ÔÌã ã:þããè ƒ½ããà ã ãìö ããèû ãäîãìãã¾ã, ãšñâªæã½ã ¾ãñ ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ªãñ ã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæ, 13 ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ã½ã ¾ãñ ãããä ã 18 ¹ã ãòš³ã½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãÊ㺠㠹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãìÀñÎãã ãìö ¾ãã. ½ããÞãà 2012 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããè ŒããÊããèÊã¹ãƽãã ãñ Öãñ ããè. ããàãñø¾ã ÔãñÌãã ãòš³ãâ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ããâþããè ãäô ã ããè ã¹ãîããèêã ãñ ãñ ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ããöãè ãîãã ãšñªæãâþããè Ôã⌾ãã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæñ ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæñ ¹ã ãšñâªæñ ãñ½ãêãñêããè ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ƒ½ããà ã ÁØ ããâ ãšãäà ãã ¹ãÆãä ãàããêã¾ã 1 3 ÊããØãî ããöãè ¹ãÆÔãîãä ã ãšàã ÎãÔ ããä ãš¾ããøããà - 3 ÊããØãî ããöãè ãããä ãºãã ããè/ªìüãã ãã ãšàã - 5 ÊããØãî ããöãè ãš½ããþããå ¾ããâ ãšãäà ãã ãä ãìããôããè ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãìÁÓã Ìã ãäô ã¾ããâ ãšãäà ãã ÌãñØãßãè ¹ã¾ããñãäØã ãã ãšþãàã ãäìãêöñìã㠹㠪 ããè ÔãîÞã ãã ¹ãñ ãè (Ô ããñ ã: ãäìã¼ããøããþãñ ãã ãš ñ) ½ãì˼ãî ã ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ÔãñÌããâÞãã ã¼ããìã ½ãì˼ãî ã ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ÔãñÌãã ããè ãšãè ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæãâ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãìÀÌããÌã¾ããÞããè Öãñ ããè ããè ãñ ãñ ¹ã˺ ã ãìö ããè. ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãšñëñê¾ãã ªãñ ã Ôãã½ãìÖãè ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæ ãããä ã 13 ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæã½ã ããèë ã ãì¹ãëº ã ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ÔãñÌããâÞããè ½ãããäÖ ããè ŒããËãèË ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñ: 14

106 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÔãñÌãã ãñ ãñ ÔãñÌãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãìö ¾ãã ãîãã ãšñªæãâþããè Ôã⌾ãã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæñ ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæñ À ã ããþãã ÔããŸã 1 ÊããØãî ããöãè ãìã ãã ã (ãäîãîãì) ãšãß ããè x 7 ¹ãÆÔãîãä ã - 1 àã - ãä ãšà ãñ 2 ÊããØãî ããöãè ãê Èã Ôãã â 2 ÊããØãî ããöãè ƒãôããè ããè 1 ÊããØãî ããöãè ¹ãÆÔãîãä ã ãšãß ããè 2 ÊããØãî ããöãè ãã ãšãäô½ã ãš ÔãñÌãã (24 ããôã) - 2 ãšì ìâºã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ( ¾ãîºãñ ã ãù½ããè Ìã ÌÖùÔãñ ã ãù½ããè) - 1 Ìãõ²ã ãšãè¾ã Øã¼ãùãã ã ÔãñÌãã ( ½ã ãè ¹ããè) - 7 ã ã ãôãâºãâ ããè Ô ããèàãñøãîããô ããâ ãøãã ã ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããèþããè ã¹ããôã ããè - 2 ºããËÀãñØã ãäþããä ãš Ôãã 2 ÊããØãî ããöãè (Ô ããñ ã: ãäìã¼ããøããþãñ ãã ãš ñ) ÁØ ããêã¾ããâ½ã ¾ãñ ãœãâ Ìããè ã ¹ãìÀÌ㟠ãã ãšãäà ãã ³ì ã¹ãîà ãš ¾ãâ ã ã ºãÔãÌã ãñ ¹ãÆ ãðšó ãšãß ããè ÎããŒãã, ªìÜãà ãã, ÎãÔ ããä ãš¾ãã ƒû ½ã ¾ãñ ªãŒãÊã ããêãñê¾ãã ÁØ ããâôããÿãè ãœãâ Ìããè ã ¹ãìÀÌ㟠ããþããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ãä ãêöã Îãʾã ãäþããä ãš Ôã ãš (Ôããè Ôã) ¾ããâ ããè 11 ãñš. ÌÖãèû ³ì ã¹ãîà ãš ¾ãâ ã ºãÔããäÌã ¾ããÞãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ( ããù ã ãñºãà 2006) ãñšêãã. ããùøãô 2008 Ìã ããù ã ãñºãà 2010 ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã, ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã (ãäìã²ãì ã) ãäìã¼ããøã ã½ãàãìã ããè ¾ããâ ãã ` ÊããŒã ¹ãƪã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñû, ã ãããä¹ã ãìãß ãìãß ÞããÀ ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãšãß ØãñʾããÌãÀÖãè ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ããêãñ ãìö ãñû ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ÁØ ããâþããè ØãõÀÔããñ¾ã Öãñ ¾ãã ã ããêããû ¾ããÞã¹ãƽãã ãñ, Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ ãšãàâ ãã Êã㠽㠾ãñ ³ì ã¹ãîà ãš ¾ãâ ã ºãÔããäÌã ¾ããÔããŸãè, ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ½ãÖãÀãÓ È Àã ¾ã Ìããè ã ãäìã ãà ã ãâš¹ã ããè (½ã¾ããÃãäª ã) ( ½ã Ôã ƒã ãè Ôããè Êã), ã½ãàãìã ããè ¾ããâ ãã ` ÊããŒã ¹ãƪã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ (¹ãŠñºãÆìÌããÀãè 2009). ããè ã ÌãÓãó Êã ʾãã ãâ ãàöãè ³ì ã¹ãîà ãš ¾ãâ ã ºãÔããäÌã ¾ããÞãñ ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ããêãñ ãìö ãñû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ¾ããâ ããè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšëñ. À ã ã Üã ãš ãäìãêãøããè ãšà ã ãš ãš ãä ãš¾ãããä Ìã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ã ãã¹ãî ãã ãäìãêãâºã À ã ãüã ãš ãäìãêãøããè ãšà ã ãš ãš Öñ ¹ãŠãÀ ãä ã ããã¾ã ãš ããöñ ãšãà ã, ÁØ ããâ ãã ãñö½ããè À ã ããþãñ ãäìããäîãó Üã ãš ãôãñ ÊããÊã À ã ã¹ãñîããè, ¹ããâ Å ¾ãã À ã ã¹ãñîããè, ¹Êãã ½ãã ãããä ã ¹Êãñ Ëñ Ôãá ¾ããâÞããè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã ãôã ãñû ¾ãã Àãè ããè ãñ À ã ããþãã ãš ãš ãš ããè ã ãñ ÞããÀ ÁØ ããâ ãšãäà ãã Ìãã¹ãÀʾãã ãã Š Îã ãš ããñ ãããä ã ¹ãÊ㺠ã À ã ã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšãà ãš ¹ãÆ ãšãàñ Ìãã¹ãÀʾãã ãã Š Îã ãš ãñû ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ãàãè ãš À ã ã Üã ãš ãäìãêãøããè ãšà ã ãš ãš ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ÔãâÔ ãñôããÿãè ½ã ¾ãñ ` 23 ÊããŒã ¾ãã ãä ãâš½ã ããèêãã ãäìã ãš ã Üãñ ãêãñ Öãñ ãñ, ¹ã ã Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ããøãàãè ºããâ ã ãšã½ãñ ãä ÔãâñºãÀ 2010 ½ã ¾ãñ ` 7.27 ÊããŒã ŒãÞããà ãñ ãããä ã ãäìã²ãì ããè ãšà ã ãî ã 2012 ½ã ¾ãñ ` 5.94 ÊããŒã ŒãÞããà ãñ ¹ãî ãã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñ. Öñ ãš ãš ã ã Ìã ããõóã ããè ¹ãÆÎããÔã ã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ã ¾ããâÞãñ ãš î ã ¹ãÀÌãã ãã ã ãä½ãßãê¾ãã ãñ ã ãî ãöãè ( ãã ãñìããàãè 2013) ãä ãš¾ãããä Ìã ã ããêãñ ãìö ãñ. 15

107 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ¾ãã¹ãÆ ãšãàñ, ` ÊããŒããÞããè Øãìâ ãìã ãî ãš ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãàöãè À ã ã Üã ãš ãäìãêãøããè ãšà ã ãš ãšþãã ã¹ãñãäàã ã Êãã¼ã, ÁØ ããâ ãã ÞããÀ ÌãÓããà ãâ ãàöãè ãä½ãßî Îã ãšêãã ããöãè. ã ããà Þã ½ã ãâ ãøãã ã ãšã¾ãã ªÎãà ãšãþ¾ãã ãìêã ãñ ã Ôãâ¹ã㪠ãî ãš (Ôãã ¾ã) ã¼ãã ãš ½ãð ¾ãìÔã⌾ãã ¹ãƽãã ããþ¾ãã Ôãâ¹ã㪠ãî ãšãè ã ãî ã ããà Þã ½ã, ã¼ãã ãš ½ãð ¾ãìÔã⌾ãã ¹ãƽãã ã 9 ãš½ããè ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã, ÀãñØã ¹ã ãã Ìã ½ãð ¾ãìÔã⌾ãã ¹ãƽãã ã ãš½ããè ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ãããä ã ãäìããäìã ã ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâœããêããè Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ããêãñê¾ãã ãä¼ã ã ªñÎã ã ÀãñØããâÞãñ ºãÀñ Öãñ ¾ããÞãñ ¹ãƽãã ã Ìãã ãäìã ãñ, ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã Êãà¾ã ãäìããäö ã ãšà ãñ. Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ã¼ãã ãš ½ãð ¾ãìÔã⌾ãã ¹ãƽãã ã, 2010 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆãä ã 1000 ãä ããäìã ã ã ½ã, 25 ãôãñ ãä ããäîþã ã ãñšêãñ Öãñ ãñ. ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãìêã ãñ½ã ¾ãñ, ãä ãêûãã ããèêã Ôãâ¹ã㪠ãî ãš Öãè Êãà¾ãã¹ãñàãã ãš½ããè ½Ö ã ãñ 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ 48, 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ 37, 2010 ½ã ¾ãñ 38, 2011 ½ã ¾ãñ 36 Ìã 2012 ½ã ¾ãñ 35 ãîããè Öãñ ããè. ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ. ¹ãŠãñãäÊã ãš ãùãäôã ãããä ã ãä ù ãôã ãù ã Ôããùƒ ªñ ¾ãã ããèêã ãî ÔãìÀãäàã ã ½ãã ãð ÌããÔããŸãè ãš ½ã쌾ã Ôãã ã ã ½Ö ã ãñ, ÔãÌãà Øã¼ãÃÌã ããè ½ããäÖÊããâÞããè ããòª ããè Øã¼ããÃÀ¹ã ã 12 ããÿìã ñ Öãñ ¾ãã ãã ããè ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ¾ããâ ãã ÞããÀ ¹ãÆÔãì ããè¹ãîìãã ã¹ããôã ¾ãã, 100 ãå ãšìãã ããô ã ¹ãŠãñãäÊã ãš ãùãäôã ( ãã¾ã ¹ãŠ ) Øããñß ãã ªñ ãñ, ãä ù ãôã ãù ã Ôããùƒ Þ¾ãã ªãñ ã ½ãã ãã ªñ ãñ, ¾ããñؾã ããöãàã ãšàãè ãã ÔãÊÊãã ªñ ãñ, ããèìã ãôã Ìã ¹ãîÀ ãñš ªñ ãñ ãããä ã Øãìâ ããøãìâ ããèþ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšà ããâ ã ¾ããâ ãã Ô ããèàãñøã ã ããþããè ªñŒãÀñŒããèÞããè ̾ãÌãÔ ãã ãšà ãñ, ãîãã ÔãñÌãã ªñ ãñ Öãñ¾ã ¾ãã ãšãëãìã ããè ãšà ãã Øã¼ãÃÌã ããè Ô ããè¾ããâ ãã ãã¾ã ¹ãŠ ãããä ã ãä ù ãôã ½ãã ãã ªñ ¾ããÞãã ã¹ãîããèêã ŒããÊããèÊã¹ãƽãã ãñ Öãñ ããû ÌãÓãà ããàãñø¾ã ãšñâªæã ã (Ôããû ããû ãšñâ, ¹ãÆã. ãã. ãšñ. Ìã ¹ã ãšñâªæã ã ããñ⪠ããè ããêãñê¾ãã Øã¼ãÃÌã ããè ãäô ã¾ããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã ãã¾ã ¹ãŠ ãããä ã ãè ãè ½ãã ãã ªñ ãñ 100 ãäªìãôã ãã¾ã 100 ãäªìãôã ãã¾ã ¹ãŠ Øããñßá ãã 㠹㊠Øããñßá ãã ã ãä½ãßãêãñê¾ãã ãä½ãßãêãñê¾ãã Øã¼ãÃÌã ããè Øã¼ãÃÌã ããè ãäô ã¾ããâþããè ãäô ã¾ããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã ã ãšñìããàãè ãè ãè ½ãã ãã ã ãäªêãñê¾ãã ãäô ã¾ããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã ãè ãè ½ãã ãã ã ãäªêãñê¾ãã ãäô ã¾ããâþããè ã ãšñìããàãè ,758 4, , ,878 13, , , , , ,153 19, , (Ô ããñ ã ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ÔãâÔ ãã ÌãããäÎã½ã) 9 ã¼ãã ãš ½ãð ¾ãìÔã⌾ãã ¹ãƽãã ã Öãè ã¼ãã ãšãâþ¾ãã ½ãð ¾ãîâÞããè Ôã⌾ãã ( ãš ÌãÓãà ãä ãâšìãã ¾ããÖî ã ãš½ããè Ìã¾ããÞãñ) ¹ãÆãä ã Ö ããà ãä ããäìã ã ã ½ã ããöñû 16

108 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãôãñ ãäªôãî ã ¾ãñ ãñ ãšãè, Îãâ¼ãÀ ãäªìãôã ãã¾ã ¹ãŠ Øããñß ãã ã ãä½ãßãêãñê¾ãã ãäô ã¾ããâþããè ã ãñšìããàãè ½ã ¾ãñ Êãàã ããè¾ã Öãñ ããè (86.16 ã ãñš) ãããä ã ãè ãè ½ãã ãã ã ãäªêãñê¾ãã ãäô ã¾ããâþããè ã ãñšìããàãè ½ã ããèêã 5.27 ã ¾ããâ¹ããÔãî 㠽㠾ãñ ã ã ¾ãã¹ã¾ãÄ ã Ìãã Êããèû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñû ãìš ìâºã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãìš ìâºã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ãã ã ãîš ã ã ã ãàã½ã ãã ¹ãƽãã ã ãä ã¾ãâãä ã ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè Ôã½ãããä¹ ã ¹ã ªãä ã ãããä ã Îãì ãšìãããäö ããè œñª ãìªãàã ¹ãìÁÓãã ãšãäà ãã ãããä ã ¾ãîºãñ ã ãù½ããèìªãàã ãäô ã¾ããâ ãšãäà ãã ªãâ¹ã ¾ã Ààã ã Øãì ããñ ãà 10 Ôãì ããà ¾ããÔããŸãè ¾ããâÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ããû ãä ããäîþã ã ãñšêãñêãñ Êãà¾ã ãããä ã Ôãâ¹ã㪠ãî ãš ¾ããÞãã ã¹ãîããèêã ŒããÊããèÊã¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñû Îãì ãšìãããäö ããèœñª ã ãããä ã á ãîºãñ ã ãù½ããè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ºããºã ããè ã Êãà¾ã Ìã Ôãâ¹ã㪠ãî ãš ÌãÓãà ãä ããäîþã ã ãšñêãñêãñ Êãà¾ã Ôãâ¹ã㪠ãî ãš ãšñêãñêãñ Êãà¾ã Ôãã ¾ã ãì ãèþããè ã ãšñìããàãè Îãì ãšìãããäö ããè œñª ã á ãìºãñ ã ãù½ããè Îãì ãšìãããäö ããè œñª ã á ãìºãñ ã ãù½ããè Îãì ãšìãããäö ããè œñª ã á ãìºãñ ã ãù½ããè , , , , , , , , ãä ãàâ ãš , , (Ô ããñ ã: ãä ãêöã ããàãñø¾ã ããä ã ãšãàãè, ÌãããäÎã½ã) Îãì ãšìãããäö ããè œñª ã ½ã ããèêã ãì ãèþããè ã ãñšìããàãè ½ã ããèêã 32 ã ã ¾ããâ¹ããÔãî 㠽㠾ãñ 98 ã ã ¾ããâ¹ã¾ãÄ ã Ìãã Êããè, ãñìöã ãšãè ãìºãñ ã ãù½ããè½ã ¾ãñ ãì ãèþããè ã ãñšìããàãè, ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã 38 ã ã ¾ããâ¹ããÔãî ã 8 ã ã ¾ããâ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ŒããÊããè ããêããèû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ¾ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ã ã ãñêãã ¹ãÆñÀ ãã ªñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãñšê¾ãã ããƒãêãû ãä¹ã ¾ããÞãñ ¹ãã ããè ØãÆã½ããè ã ¹ãã ããè ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ¾ããñ ã ãã ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ØãÆã½ããè ã ¹ãñ¾ã ãêã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâ ãøãã ã ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ Ôãì ãããäà ã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìãñ ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêããè ( ãä¹ãæêã 1999) ¾ãã½ã ¾ãò ¹ãñ¾ã ãêã ¾ããñ ã ããâþ¾ãã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš Ì¾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ããþãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ããû ¹ãî ãã ããêãñê¾ãã ¹ãã ããè ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ãšã½ããâþãñ ¹ã¾ããñØã ãš ããã ããä¼ã ãšà ããâ ãã ÖÔ ããâ ãà ã ãšà ãñ ãä ã.¹ã. ãããä ã ¹ãâ.Ôãâ. ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1961 Þ¾ãã ãšêã½ã 100 ãããä ã ½ãìâºãƒÃ ØãÆã.¹ãâ. ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 45 (i) 1958 ã ãìôããà, ØãÆã½ããè ã ¹ãã ããè ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ¾ããñ ã ãã ( ããà ºÊãî Ôã Ôã) ¾ãã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ããèìã ã ¹ãÆããä ã ãšà ãã ãñ ããä¼ã ãšà ã ãã ããàãìãà ºããâ ããìã¾ããþ¾ãã ãôã ãã ã ãããä ã ¾ããâÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã ããê¾ããìãà Ô ãããä ã ãš ÔãâÔ ããâ ããè ¾ãã ÞããÊããäÌã ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ãããä ã ¹ããäÀÀàãñ ãšãäà ãã Öã ããè ܾããÌã¾ããÞ¾ãã 10 ªãââ¹ã ¾ãÀàã ã Øãì ããñ ãà ½Ö ã ãñ, ãäìãþããàã ããè ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã ÌãÓããà ã, ãäìããäìããäàã ã àãñ ãã ãšãäà ãã ¾ãã Ìã¾ããñØã ã ããèêã Øã¼ããÃÀ¹ã ã/ ã¼ãã 㚠㠽㠾ãã¹ããÔãî ã Ààã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ãäô ã¾ããâþããè ã ãñšìããàãè 17

109 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ãôã ãã ã. ¾ããñ ã ããâþããè ¹ããäÀÀàãã, Ôãâºãâãä ã ã Ô ãããä ã ãš ÔãâÔ ããâ ããè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÔÌã ã:þ¾ãã Ôãã ã ã Ôãâ¹ã ããè ãî ã ãšàãìã¾ããþããè Öãñ ããèû ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓãªñÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ( ãä¹ãæêã 2012) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè, ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ããèìã ã ¹ãÆããä ã ãšà ãã ãñ, ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞããà ãñ ¹ãî ãã ãñšêãñê¾ãã 13 ØãÆã½ããè ã ¹ãã ããè¹ãìàìãÿã ¾ããñ ã ãã, ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ÔãâÔ ãã ããè Öã ããè Üãñ ãê¾ãã ãìö ¾ãã, ¾ããâÞãã ã¹ãîããèêã ŒããÊããè ãäªêãã ããöñû ¹ãî ãã ããêãñê¾ãã ¹ãÆãªñãäÎã ãš ¹ãã ããè ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ¾ããñ ã ããâþããè ÔãîÞããè (` ãšãñ ãè½ã ¾ãñ) ãû ãšûû ØãÆã½ããè ã ¹ãã ããè¹ãìàìãÿã ¾ããñ ã ãñþãñ ããìã (ØããÌããÞããè Ôã⌾ãã) ¹ãî ãã ããê¾ããþããè ããàãèœã ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãšñêãñêãã ŒãÞãà 1 Üãî Œãñ ã (21) ÔããÀÔããè (10) ¼ãã½ãªñÌããè (3) ºã ããñ ãã (4) ½ãã ããñàã (28) ÞããâªÔã (6) ã Šß ãšã (3) ãäþãâþã½ã ¼ãã¼ããÀ (4) ªìºãÊããÌãñÊã (8) âºãà ã ºãã ããà (9) ½ÖÔãã ããè (16) ÌããÀÊãã (4) ãšãàªã (2) ãšì ã 118 ØããâÌãñ (Ô ããñ ã ãä ã.¹ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã) ãä ã.¹ã./øãæã.¹ãâ. ¾ããâ ããè ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ããèêã ÌãÀãèÊã 13 ØãÆã.¹ãã.¹ãì.¾ããñ. ÞããËãäÌã ¾ããÔããŸãè ãããä ã ¹ããäÀÀàãñÔããŸãè Öã ããè Üãñ ãê¾ãã ãìö ¾ãã, ¾ãã½ãìßñ ¹ãã ããè ¼ããÀ ãã ãšãàêãã/ìãôãîêã ãñšê¾ãã ãã Îã ãšêãã ããöãè ãããä ã ØãÆã.¹ãã.¹ãì.¾ããñ. ÔÌã¾ãâãä ãìãããöãè Öãñ Îã ãšê¾ãã ããöãè ãû Êã, ¾ãã ½ã ãã Ô ãããä ã ãš ÔãâÔ ããâ ãã ÖÔ ããâ ããäà ã ã ãñšê¾ãã Øãñʾãã ãñ ½ã. ããè.¹ãæã. Êãã ¾ããÌãÀ ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ¾ãã ½ã ããâþããè ¹ããäÀÀàãã ãããä ã ªìÁÔ ããè ¾ããÌãÀ ` ÊããŒã ŒãÞãà ãšàãìãã ÊããØãÊããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ¾ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ ãäîãàã ã ÔãÌãà ãäîãàãã ããä¼ã¾ãã ã ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãàþãã ÔãÌãà ãäîãàãã ããä¼ã¾ãã ã Öã ãšã¾ãã ã暽㠺ãÖì̾ãã¹ã ãš Ìã ÔãÌãà ãšâîã ãôãã ãšã¾ãã ãæš½ã ããöñ ¾ãã ãàñ 6 ãñ 14 ÌãÓãà Ìã¾ããñØã ãþ¾ãã ÔãÌãà ½ãìËãâ ãã ÔãÌãÃ̾ãã¹ããè ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãäîãàã ã ª ããìã¾ããþãñ ããöñ. ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ããâ ãšàãè ãã ããàãœã ã ã¾ããà ãšà ãñ ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà, ½ãã ãìããè Ôãã ã ãôãâ¹ã ããè ½ãâ ããë¾ã, ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãäîãàã ã ãããä ã ÔããàãÀ ãã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ãäìã ããè¾ã ̾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ã ãããä ã ¹ãÆã¹ã ã ãä ã¾ã½ã¹ãìãäô ã ãšã 2010 ãñ ãšàãàãä ããäìãó ãñšêãñ ãšãè, ãä¹ã ¾ããÞãñ 18

110 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ¹ãã ããè, ÔÌã¾ãâ¹ãã ãšãôããÿãè Îãñ, ŒãñßãÞãñ ½ãõªã ã, ¹ããñÞã Àú¹ãÔã, ãìšâ¹ã ã ¼ããé ããè ãããä ã ãäìã²ãì ããè ãšà ã ¾ããÔããÀŒ¾ãã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ãôã ããå ¾ãã ã ãñ ãš Îããßã ã, ¾ããÞããè ãà ãîª, ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ãšã¾ãã ¾ããñ ã ãã ãããä ã ã ããôãâ ãšê¹ã ¾ãã ã, Îããßãâ½ã ããèêã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ããâþãã ã¼ããìã ªìÀ ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ãñšêããè ¹ãããäÖ ãñû ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ½ãã ¾ã ããâ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ, ÌãØãà ŒããñʾããâÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã, ãšàãà ãã½ãã ããê¾ãã¹ããôãî ã ÔãÖã ½ããäÖ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãñšêãñ ¹ãããäÖ ãñû ãäîãàã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè (¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš) ãä ã.¹ã. ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœ¾ããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ( ãî ã 2012) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ½ããÞãà 2012 Êãã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ããèêã 778 ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ ŒããÊããèÊã ã¹ãîããèêãã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ½ãîÊã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ãìö ¾ãã. 778 Îããßã½ã ããèêã ½ãîÊã¼ãî ã ÔãìŒãÔããñ¾ããé½ã ããèêã ãî ãäô ã ããè ãì ÔÌã¾ãâ¹ãã ãšãþããè Îãñ ãšìâ¹ã ã ãä¼ãâ ã ŒãñßãÞãñ ½ãõªã ã ãäìã²ãì ããè ãšà ã ãä¹ã ¾ããÞãñ ¹ãã ããè ¹ãÊ㺠ã ã ãì¹ãê㺠ã ãã ãì ãèþããè ã ãšñìããàãè (Ô ããñ ã:- ãä ã.¹ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã) ÌãÀãèÊã ã ã ¾ããÌãÁ ã ãôãñ ãäªôãî ã ¾ãñƒÃÊã ãšãè ½ãîÊã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãšà ¾ãã ããèêã ãî ãèþããè ½ã¾ããê㠽ããÞãà 2012 Êãã 27 ã ãñš ãñ 55 ã ãñš Öãñ ããè. ¹ãÆÔãâØãÌãÎãã ãá ¾ãã ½ãîÊã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ããâþããè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã ÌãããäÓãà 㚠¾ããñ ã ããâ½ã ¾ãñ Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãñšêããè ãìö ããèû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè Îããßãâ½ã ããèêã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ããâþ¾ãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãñþããè ã²ããìã ã ãäô ã ããè ¾ã ããìã ãšãîã ãšßãäìãê¾ãã ããƒãêãû ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãäîãàã ããêãã ¹ããñÓã ããäìãóã¾ã ãš ãã ããà ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ãšã¾ãã 㚽㠾ããÊãã ÔãÌãÃÔãã ããà ã¹ã ãñ ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ãôãñ ããñßœãê¾ãã ãã ãñ ããè ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ããùøãô 1995 ½ã ¾ãñ ÔãìÁ ãñšêããè ãä ãþãñ ½ã쌾ã ãä Ó ºããÊã ãšãâþããè ããâìã- ããòª ããè Ìãã Ìãî ã, ãä ãšìãî ã ŸñÌãî ã ãããä ã ºããÊã ãšãâþããè (ÌãØãà I ãñ V) ãäîã ãš ¾ããÞããè ¹ãã ãßãè Ìãã ãäìã ãñ ãããä ã ¾ããÞãºãÀãñºãÀ ¹ããñÓã ããäìãóã¾ã ãš ãäô ã ããè Ôãì ããá ã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãäîãàã ããþãñ ÔããÌãÃãä ã ãšà ã ããä¼ãìã ãã ã ãšà ãñ Öñ Öãñ ãñ. Öãè ¾ããñ ã ãã ãâ ãà ÞÞã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš Îããßã (VIII ÌãØããùã¾ãÄ ã) ¹ã¾ãÄ ã Ìãã ãäìã ¾ãã ã ããêããè ( ). ÎããßãâÞ¾ãã Ôã⌾ãñ ã Ìãã ããê¾ããìãàöãè ããâìã ããòª ããè½ã ¾ãñ Üã ãäîãàã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè (¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš) ãä ã.¹ã. ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã ¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2012 ½ã ¾ãñ ãñšêãñê¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ãàãè ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãããä ã ÞÞã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ÎããßãâÞ¾ãã Ôã⌾ãñ ã (ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãããä ã ã ãìªããä ã ã ªãñ Öãè) Ìãã ããêããè Öãñ ããè, ãàãè Êãà¾ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã 6 ãñ 10 Ìã¾ããñØã ã ããèêã ºããÊã ãšãâþ¾ãã ããâìã ããòª ããè ã ÔãÌãà Îããßãâ ã Ìã ¾ãã ÌãÓããà ã, ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ããè ã Öãñ Š ãöãè ŒããÊããèÊã ã¹ãîããèêãã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ Üã ããêããèû 19

111 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñœããêããèêã Îããßãâ½ã ããèêã ºããÊã ãšãâþ¾ãã ããâìã ããòª ããèþãã ã¹ãîããèêã ÌãÓãà ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãããä ã ÞÞã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ÎããßãâÞããè Ôã⌾ãã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ãããä ã ÞÞã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããâìã ããñ⪠ããè ããêãñê¾ãã ºããÊã ãšãâþããè Ôã⌾ãã ,08, , ãñ Ìãã Ëãè 1,98,358 23,802 ãñ ãš½ããè ããêããè ,543 1,74, , ãñ Ìãã Ëãè 1,74,556 7,000 ãñ ãš½ããè ããêããè ,554 1,67,556 (Ô ããñ ã: ãä ã. ¹ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã) ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãìª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ãšã Îããßñ ãî ã ªìÔãÅ ¾ãã Îããßñ ã ãäìã²ãã ããê ºãªÊã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ãäìã²ãã ¾ããÄÞããè Ôã⌾ãã ãš½ããè ããêããèû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâþãñ ãà ½ãã ã ¾ããÔããÀŒãñ ãìö ãñ ãšãà ã ãšã Îããßñ ãî ã ªìÔãÅ ¾ãã Îããßñ ã ãäìã²ãã ããèã ºãªË ¾ãã½ãìßñ ãšî ã ãäìã²ãã ããèã Ôã⌾ãñ ã ¹ãŠÀ ãš ¹ã ããà ãìö ãã. ã¹ã¾ããã¹ ã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãã ãšîããßã-ãä ã-¼ããâ ãà, ¹ãã ãšîããßã Ôãã ã ãñ (ãäîã ããäìã ãñ ãããä ã Ìãã ãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ¼ããâ ãè) ¾ãã ÔããÀŒ¾ãã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã, ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñœããêããè ªñ ãñ ã¹ãñãäàã ã Öãñ ãñû ãäîãàã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè (¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš) ãä ã.¹ã. ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ( ãî ã 2012) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè 1,014 Îããßãâ¹ãõ ãšãè 345 (34 ã ãñš) Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ ªì¹ããÀÞãñ ãñìã ã ã¾ããà ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ãšîããßã ãìö ¾ãã. ãã ãœããè, 126 Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ (12 ã ãñš) ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãã ãšîããßã Ôãã ã ãñ ãìö ããè. ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ¾ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ããìãî¾ã ãš ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¼ããäÌãÓ¾ãã ã ªñ ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ããèêãû ãñìã ããþãã ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ºã⪠ãšà ãñ ã½ãì ¾ããÞ¾ãã ããè ã Øã ã ããèêã ãä ãìã Êãñʾãã 30 ÎããßãâÞ¾ãã ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ãäìã²ãã ¾ããÄ ãã ãñìã ã ¹ãìÀãäÌã ¾ãã ã Œãâ Öãñ ãã ¾ããÞããè ½ã¾ããê㠾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ ½ã ¾ãñ ªÎãÃãäÌãʾãã¹ãƽãã ãñ 5 ãñ 199 ãäªìãôã Öãñ ããèû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ¾ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ÌãÔ ãìãäô ã ããè ¹ã ããß ¾ãã ã ¾ãñƒÃÊãû ÞÞã Ìã ããâãä ã ãš ãäîãàã ã ãä ãêöã ̾ããÌãÔãããä¾ã ãš ãäîãàã ã ãããä ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè ( ãè ÌÖãè ƒã ãè ããñ) Öã ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþ¾ãã ( ãã¾ã ãè ãã¾ã) ãããä ã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ããâãä ã ãš ÞÞã ½ãã ¾ããä½ã ãš ÎããßãâÞ¾ãã (Ôããè ãè Þã Ôã) ãîš ã ¹ã¾ãÃÌãñàã ããôããÿãè ãºããºãªãà ãôã ããñû ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâ½ã ¾ãñ ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè Ìã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¾ããâÞãã ãì Ìã ã ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþãã ãš ñîã, ãäìã²ãã ¾ããÄ ãã, ²ããñØããâ ãšãäà ãã ããìãî¾ã ãš ãôãêãñê¾ãã ̾ããÌãÖããäÀ ãš ãã ã ãããä ã ãšãõîãê¾ã ¾ããâ ããè ÔãìÔã ã ãšà ãñ Öã Öãñ ããû ¾ãã ÔãâÔ ããâ½ã ¾ãñ, ãäìããäìã ã ãäîãàã ã ãš½ããâôããÿãè ãäìããäö ã ãñšêãñêããè Ö ¾ããÀñ ãããä ã ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¾ãã ½ãîÊã¼ãî ã ØãÀ ãã Öãñ ¾ãã ãšãà ã ¹ã㟠ã ãš½ããþ¾ãã ½ããñŸ ãã ¼ããØãã ã Öãè Ö ¾ããÀñ ãããä ã ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã Ìãã¹ãÀãÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ããû 20

112 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãä ãìã Êãñʾãã Øã ã ããèêã ããè ã ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã, ( ãä¹ãæêã Ìã ½ãñ 2012) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ãäìããäìã ã ̾ãÌãÔãã¾ãã ã ` ÊããŒã ½ãîʾããÞ¾ãã ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè Ìã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¾ããâÞãã ŒããÊããèÊã¹ãƽãã ãñ ãì Ìã ã Öãñ ããû ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâ½ã ¾ãñ ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè Ìã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¾ããâÞãã ãì Ìã ã (` ÊããŒãâã½ã ¾ãñ) ãû ãšû ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ãñþãñ ããâìã ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè Ìã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¾ããâÞããè ãä ãšâ½ã ã 1 ÌãããäÎã½ã ½ããÊãñØããÌã ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ ãšî ã (Ô ããñ ã: ½ããËñØããÌã, ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ Ìã ÌãããäÎã½ã ¾ãâñ ããèë ãã¾ã. ãè. ãã¾ã.) ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ããâãä ã ãš ÞÞã ½ãã ¾ããä½ã ãš Îããßãâ½ã ¾ãñ ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè Ìãã¾ã¹ãŠß ¹ã î ã ÀãÖ ãñ ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ããâãä ã ãš ÞÞã ½ãã ¾ããä½ã ãš Îããßã ÌãããäÎã½ã ½ã ¾ãñ ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ( ãä¹ãæêã 2012), ½ã ¾ãñ ` 40 ÊããŒã ŒãÞããà ãñ ãäìã ãš ã Üãñ ãêãñêããè ÔãâØã ã ãš Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ÔãâÔ ãñ½ã ¾ãñ Ìãã¾ã¹ãŠß ¹ã î ã Öãñ ããèû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ã²ããìã ã ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããè ¾ã ããìã ãšãîã ãšßãäìã ¾ãã ã ¾ãñƒÃÊãû ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþããè ÑãñÓ ÌããÞ¾ãã ãšñâªæã ã Ñãñ ããèìãã ½ãÖãÔãâÞããÊã ãš ãäîãàã ã ãããä ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ( ãè ããè ƒã ãè) ¾ããâ ããè ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ãšñâªæ ÌãããäÎã½ãÞããè Ñãñ ããèìãã ãšá ã ÑãñÓŸ ÌããÞãñ ãòš³ ¾ããñ ã ãã ¹ãì ãã:ô ãããä¹ã ã ãšà ¾ããÞãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ½ããâ Êãã ( ) ¾ãã ¾ããñ ã ãñêãã ãä ã ããè ãäìãîìã ºãú ãñš ãñ ²ããÌã¾ããÞãã Öãñ ãã ãããä ã Öãè ¾ããñ ã ãã ãšã½ãøããà ãããä ã Àãñ ãøããà ½ãâ ããêã¾ã, ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãš î ã ãä ãêöã ̾ããÌãÔãããä¾ã ãš ãäîãàã ã ãããä ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè ̪ãÀã ãšã¾ããããä Ìã ã ãšàãìã¾ããþããè Öãñ ããè ãããä ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ŒãÞãà Öã ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãããä ã Àã ¾ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ¾ããâ ããè 75:25 ¾ãã ¹ãƽãã ãã ã Ìãã î ã ܾããÌã¾ããÞãã Öãñ ãã. Öãè ÑãñÓŸ ÌããÞããè ãòš³ñ, ãè ããè ƒã ãè ¾ããâ ããè Ôãâ ãšê¹ã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ÔãâÀÞã ãñþ¾ãã ãã ããàãìãà ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ªñ ããèêã ãîããè ã¹ãñàãã Öãñ ããèû ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ¹ããäÀÓ㪠̾ããÌãÔãããä¾ã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ( ã Ôããè ÌÖãè ãè) ãäªêêããè Öãè ¹ãÀãèàãã Üãñ ããà Öãñ ããè ãããä ã ããè ãã ½ãñªÌããÀãâ ãã ¹ãƽãã ã¹ã ã ªñ ããà Öãñ ããè. ¾ãã ¾ããñ ã ãñ½ã ¾ãñ ÞÞã ª ãããþãñ ãäîãê¹ã ãšãàãøããèàãâþãñ ¹ã㪠ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ºãÖìãäÌã ã ãìšîãêã ã¼¾ããôã ãš½ãã ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ªñ ãñ ãããä ã ããâ ãààãó Èãè¾ã ª ãããþãñ ãšã¾ããºãêã ãä ã½ããã ã ãšà ãñ ããä¼ã¹ãæñ ã Öãñ ãñû ¹ã㟠ã ãš½ãã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ, ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè, Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã Ö ¾ããÀñ ¾ããâÞããè ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãã ãããä ã ãã¾ã ãè ãã¾ã ãä ã¾ã½ã¹ãìãäô ã ãñš ã ãšàãàãä ããäìãó ãñšêãñêããè ¹ãìÀñÎããè ããøãã ¾ããÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ¹ã㟠ã 㚽㠹ãÆãÀâ¼ã Öãñ ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê ãšàãìã¾ããþããè Öãñ ããè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ãòš³îããôã ã Ìã Àã ¾ãÎããÔã ã ¾ããâÞãñ ãš î ã ` 1.92 ãšãñ ãéþãã ãä ã ããè ãä½ãßãêãã ¾ãã¹ãõ ãšãè ` 1.91 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñ. ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ¹ãì ãèêã ºããºããè Üã ãšãèôã ããê¾ãã: ããìãî¾ã ãš ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãñ ¹ãÆãÞãã¾ãà ãã¾ã. ãè. ãã¾ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ̾ãã¹ã ãš ãã ããàãþãñ ½ãîÊã¼ãî ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã (ºããèºããèºããè ãè) ãããä ã ¹ãìÀ:ÔãÀ ã ½ããù îêã ¾ããÔããŸãè ` 7.67 ÊããŒã 21

113 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ½ãîʾããÞããè ã ¾ããÌãξã ãš ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãä¹ãæêã 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆã¹ ã ãñšêããè ãìö ããèû ãäîãìãã¾ã ½ã ¾ãñ ãäªêãñê¾ãã ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ããªñîãã ãšàãè ãã ãã¾ã. ãè. ãã¾ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã ãñ ãšãñóããøããàã ãî ã ããù ã ãñºãà 2010 ãããä ã ãã ãñìããàãè 2011 ªÀ½¾ãã ã ` ÊããŒããÞããè À ã 㚽㠾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãèþ¾ãã ŒãÀñªãèÔããŸãè ãšã Ëãè. ã ãããä¹ã ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãä¹ãæêã 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêãñêããè ãìö ããè. ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ̾ã ãã ¹ã î ã ÀãÖ ãñ ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ãã ÌãããäÎã½ã½ã ¾ãñ, ãäìãîìã ºãú ãñšþ¾ãã ãä ã ããè½ã ãî ã ` ãä ãšâ½ã ããèþããè ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãÆã¹ ã ãñšêãñêããè ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãš½ããîããßñ ã ªãñ ã ÌãÓããÃÖì ã ããô ã ãšãêããìã ããèôããÿãè ¹ãƾããñØã ãä ãªîãã ãñ ãããä ã ããøãàãè ãšã½ãñ ¹ãî ãã ã ããê¾ãã ãñ ãããä ã ããù ã Ôããè- ãùôãñ ñãäë ã Ìãã¾ãî ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãôãê¾ãã ãñ Ìãã¾ã¹ãŠß ¹ã î ã Öãñ ããè (½ããÞãà 2012). ã ãì ããè ãã ½ãñªÌããÀãâÞããè ããô ã ã ãñšìããàãè ÑãñÓ ÌããÞ¾ãã ãâ ãøãã ã ºããèºããèºããè ãè ãããä ã ¹ãìÀ:ÔãÀ ã ½ããù îêã ¾ãã ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ªñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ãã¾ã. ãè. ãã¾ã. Ëã ¹ãìÀñÎãã Ôã⌾ãñÞ¾ãã ãä ã ãšã¾ããâþããè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã Öãñ ããè. ã ãããä¹ã ãôãñ ãäªôãî ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ãä ãªóîã ãšãâþ¾ãã 10 ããøãã ¼ãÀʾãã Øãñʾãã ãìö ¾ãã ( ãä¹ãæêã 2012), ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãäìã²ãã ¾ããÄ ãã Øãì ãìã ããàãäö ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãã ãããä ã ºãÖìãäÌã ã ãìšîãêã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ªñ ¾ããÞãã ½ã쌾ã Öñ ãî ãäìã¹ãšêã ããêãã ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ºããè ºããè ºããè ãè Þ¾ãã ãâãä ã½ã ¹ãÀãèàãñ ã ã ãì ããè ãã ããêãñê¾ãã ½ãñªÌããÀãâÞããè ã ãñšìããàãè, ãã¾ã. ãè. ãã¾ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã½ã ¾ãñ ŒããÊããèÊã ã¹ãîããèêãã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ 52 ãñ 80 ¾ãã ½ã¾ããêñ ã Öãñ ããèû ÌãÓãà ¹ãÆ ¾ãàã ããâìã ããñ⪠ããè ºããèºããèºããè ãè Þ¾ãã ãâãä ã½ã ¹ãÀãèàãñ ã ã ãì ããè ãã ½ãñªÌããÀãâÞãã ã¹ãîããèêã ¹ãÀãèàãñÊãã ºãÔãÊãñʾãã ããè ãã ½ãñªÌããÀãâÞããè ½ãñªÌããÀãâÞããè ãšî ã Ôã⌾ãã ãšî ã Ôã⌾ãã ã ãì ããè ãã ½ãñªÌããÀãâÞããè ã ãšñìããàãè (Ô ããñ ã: ãã¾ã. ãè. ãã¾ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã) ãè¹ã:- ããâìã ããòª ããè¹ãñàãã ããô ã ãäìã²ãã ããê ¹ãÀãèàãñÊãã ºãÔãÊãñ ãšãà ã ã ãì ããè ãã ½ãñªÌããÀ ¹ãì ãèêã ÌãÓããê ¹ãì Öã ¹ãÀãèàãñÊãã ºãÔãÊãñ. ¾ãã¹ãÆ ãšãàñ, ̾ããÌãÖããäÀ ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ããôããÿãè ã ¾ããÌãξã ãš ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ãããä ã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ããè Ìãã¾ã¹ãŠß ¹ã î ã ÀãÖ ãñ ¾ããÞãºãÀãñºãÀ ãä ãªãñîã ãšãâþ¾ãã ãäà ã ã ããøãã ã ¼ãÀ ãñ ¾ããÞãã ããüãã ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ããþ¾ãã Øãì ãìã ãñìãà ããêãã ãñ ã¹ã¾ãîããþ¾ãã ããä ãîã¾ã ããô ã ã ãñšìããàãèìãá ã Üã Öãñ ãñ. ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ¾ãã ºããºããèÞãã ºããÀãè ãš ã¹ããôã ãñšê¾ãã ããƒãêã. 22

114 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã Àãñ ãøããà ÔÌã ãã ã¾ãâ ããè ØãÆã½ã-ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããà ¾ããñ ã ãã Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ÔãìÔã ã ãã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ãããä ã ºãú ãš¹ã ã Ìã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ã ããôãö㾾㠾ããâÞ¾ãã ãä½ãñã ããìªãàñ ãä½ãß ãš ã ãä ããä½ãã ããàãè ½ã ãã ªñ ãñ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ¹ãÆãä ãš¾ãñìªãàñ ØãÆã½ããè ã ØããäÀºããâ ãã ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ã½ã ¾ãñ ÔãâÜããä ã ãšá ã ØãÆã½ããè ã àãñ ãã ããèêã ØãÀãèºã ãìš ìâºããâ ãã ªããäÀ³ ã ÀñÓãñÞ¾ãã ÌãÀ ãã ã ¾ããÔããŸãè ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ãä¹ãæêã 1999 ½ã ¾ãñ ÔÌã ãã ã¾ãâ ããè ØãÆã½ã ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããà ¾ããñ ã ãã ( Ôã ããè Ôã Ìãã¾ã) ¹ãÆãÀâ¼ã ãñšêããèû ¾ããñ ã ãñþããè ã䪪áó ñ Ôãã ¾ã ã Öãñ ãñ ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã Öã 10 ãñ 20 ÔãªÔ¾ããâÞãã ãôã ããñ ¾ãã¹ãõ ãšãè ãš½ããè ã ãš½ããè 80 ã ãñš ªããäÀ³ ãàñóãñœããêããèêã ãìš ìâºãñ ãôããìã¾ããþããè Öãñ ããè. Öñ ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ãñ ãìãß ãìãß ÔãÖã ½ããäÖ ãñ ããäô ã Ìãã ã Öãñ ãñ ãããä ã ¾ããâ ããè Ìã ãã ãàã½ã Øã ãþããè Ôãâ¼ãã̾ã ãã ªÎãÃãäÌãÊããè ãñ ` 10,000 Þãã ¹ããäÀ ãšã½ããè ãä ã ããè ãä½ãß ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ã Öãñ ãñ ( ¹¹ãã-I). ãäîãìãã¾ã ¹ããäÀ ãšã½ããè ãä ã ããè ãä½ãßãê¾ããþ¾ãã ããàœãñ¹ããôãî ã ÔãÖã ½ããäÖ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÎãñÌã ãè ãà ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšãà ãš¹ã ãñ ãšã½ã ãšà ã ãôã ããèêã ãà ãñ ` 1.25 ÊããŒããâÞãñ ãš ãã-ãä ã- ã ããôãöã¾¾ã ãä½ãß ¾ããÔã Ìã ¾ãã̪ãÀñ ãããä ãã ãš ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ã Öãñ ãñ ( ¹¹ãã-II). ¾ãã½ãìßñ ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã, ãñ ã¾ããà ããê¾ãã¹ããôãî ã ãš ÌãÓããÃÞ¾ãã ãã ã ãããä ãã ãš ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ããèêã ãîããè ã¹ãñàãã Öãñ ããèû ã ãããä¹ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ãä ãêûãã ã 31 ½ããÞãà 2011 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ã¾ããà ããêãñê¾ãã 4,670 ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ãâ¹ãõ ãšãè, ¾ããâ ããè ãš ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãšãêããìã ããè ¹ãî ãã ãñšêãã Öãñ ãã, ¾ãã¹ãõ ãšãè 2,547 ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ãâ ããè (55 ã ãñš) ãããä ãã ãš ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ÔãìÁ ãñšêãã ãìö ãã, ¾ãã½ãìßñ ¾ããñ ã ãñþãã ½ãîß Öñ ãîþã ãäìã¹ãšêã ããêããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñû ¾ããñ ã ãñþãñ ãä ãó¹ãšß ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã Ôã ããè Ôã Ìãã¾ã Þ¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã ÌããâÞ¾ãã ãà ãîª 6.4 ¹ãƽãã ãñ, ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ãþ¾ãã ÔãªÔ¾ããâ ããè Øã ã¾ããà ããê¾ãã¹ããôãî ã ããè ã ÌãÓããÃÞ¾ãã ãã ã ØãÀãèºããè ÀñÓãã ¹ããÀ ãñšêããè ¹ãããäÖ ãñ. ãè ããà ãè Þ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã (½ãñ 2012) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ½ããÞãà 2009 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã 41,796 ÔãªÔ¾ã ãôãêãñêãñ 3,483 ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ã¾ããà ããêãñ Öãñ ãñ ¾ããâÞããè ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ã ããè ÌÖãÌã¾ããÔã ÖÌããè Öãñ ããè. ã ãããä¹ã ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã 41, ÔãªÔ¾ããâ¹ãõ ãšãè ¹ãŠ ã ã 1,205 ÔãªÔ¾ããâ ããè ( ããè ã ã ãñš) ØãÀãèºããèÀñÓãã ª ããã ¹ããÀ ãñšêãã, ããè ºããºã, ¾ããñ ã ãã ÔãìÁ ããê¾ãã¹ããôãî ã ½ããÞãà 2009 ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ããê¾ãã ãâ ãàöãè, ¾ããñ ã ãñþãñ ãä ãó¹ãšß ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã ªÎãÃãäÌã ãñ. ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ. ãã ããàôãã½ãøãæãè ã ŸñÌã ãñ ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2010) ãä ãªñãîããâ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ½ãñÔãÔãà ãäêã¹ôã ãú ºãã â Ôã, ¹ãì ãñ ( ãâš¹ã ããè) ¾ããâ ããè ãäìã ãšãäôã ã ãñšêãñêããè Ôããù¹ã Ìãñ ãà ¹ã ª ããè ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ãè ããà ãè ãñ 11 ¹ãÆãä ã ÔÌãÖã¾¾ã Øã 12 ÔãªÔ¾ã Öãè ÔãÀãÔãÀãè ãäìãþããàã ã Üãñ ã 23

115 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ºãÔãÌããÌã¾ããÞããè Öãñ ããè, ¾ãã½ã ¾ãñ ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ãâþããè ãããä ã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÔãªÔ¾ããâÞããè ÔãÌãà ½ãããäÖ ããè ¾ããâ ãã ÌãñßãñÌãñßãè ÎããÔã ãã ãš î ã ãããä ã ºãú ãñš ãš î ã ãä½ãßãêãñê¾ãã ãäìã ããè¾ã ÔãÖã¾¾ããÔããäÖ ã ãôã ããà Öãñ ããè. ãäìããäö ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ¹ãƹã ãã ã ãã ããàôãã½ãøãæãè ãè ããà ãè ãñ ²ããÌã¾ããÞããè Öãñ ããè ãããä ã Ôããù¹ã Ìãñ ãà ºãÔããäÌã ¾ããÞãñ ãããä ã ãã ããàôãã½ãøãæãè ã¹ãêããñ ãšà ¾ããÞãñ Ôãâ¹ãî ãã ãšã½ã, ãâš¹ã ããè ãñ, ãšàãà ãã½ãã ããñ ãìêãõ 2010 ½ã ¾ãñ ÔÌããàãÀãè ã ãñšêãã Öãñ ãã ¾ãã¹ããÔãî ã ÞããÀ ½ããäÖ ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñû ãšàãà ãã½¾ãã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ, Ôããù¹ã Ìãñ ãà ãäìã ãšãôããþãñ ½ãîʾã ` 3 ÊããŒã, ããù ãêããƒã ã ¹ããã䟺¾ããâÞãñ ` 1.50 ÊããŒã, Ìãñºã ããøãã ` 30,000 ºãÔããäÌã ¾ããÞããè ãä ãâš½ã ã ` 2,500 ¹ãÆãä ãøã, ãã ããàôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ãÆÌãñÎã ãšàãäìã ¾ããÞããè ãä ãâš½ã ã ` 6 ¹ãÆãä ã ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ãããä ã ` 4 ¹ãÆãä ã ÔãªÔ¾ã ãä ããäîþã ã ãñšêãñ Öãñ ãñû ÊãñŒãã¹ããäÀàã ãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ãñìöã ãè ããà ãè ÌãããäÎã½ã ãñ ããñìöòºãà 2011 ½ã ¾ãñ ãâš¹ã ããèêãã Ôããù¹ã Ìãñ ãàþããè ãä ãâš½ã ã ãããä ã ããù ãêããƒã ã ¹ãããäŸâº¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ` 4.29 ÊããŒã ¹ãƪã ã ãñšêãñ, ãàãè ½ãñ 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã Ôããù¹ã Ìãñ ãà ºãÔããäÌãʾãã ØãñËñ ããöãèû Ôããù¹ã Ìãñ ãà ã ºãÔããäÌã ãñ ãããä ã ãã ããàôãã½ãøãæãè ã¹ãêããñ ã ãšà ãñ ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ÔÌãÔãÖã¾¾ã Øã ãâþ¾ãã ØãÀ ããâ ãšãäà ãã ããä ã ãš ÞããâØãÊãñ ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ÊããØã ããå ¾ãã ¹ãããäŸâºããÞ¾ãã ã¼ããìãã ã ããêããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñû ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ãããä ã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ƒâãäªàã ããìããôã ¾ããñ ã ãã ƒâãäªàã ããìããôã ¾ããñ ã ãã ããè ãš ãòš³ ¹ãìÀÔ ãðš ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ããöñ ãããä ã ãä ãþ¾ãã ã ãòš³ ãããä ã À㠾㠾ããâÞãñ½ã ¾ãñ ãä ãâš½ã ã 75:25 ãîãã ãäöî¾ãã ã ãäìã¼ããøãêããè ãã ãñ, ããè ãã ãñìããàãè 1996 ½ã ¾ãñ ãš ÔÌã ãâ ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ½Ö ãî ã ¹ãìÀ:Ô ãããä¹ã ã ããêããèû ƒâãäªàã ããìããôã ¾ããñ ã ãñþãñ ã䪪áó ½ã쌾ã Ìãñ ãšá ã ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ãã ããè, ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ã½ãã ããèþ¾ãã ̾ã ã ããè, ½ãì ã ã ããêãñêãñ ºãâ ã¹ããä ã ã ½ã ãîà ãããä ã ƒ ãà ãäºãøãà ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ãã ããè/ ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ã½ãã ããèþ¾ãã ̾ããä ã ã, ØãÀãèºã ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã ØãÆããä½ã ã ãìš ìâºãñ ¾ããâÞ¾ããÔããŸãè ¾ããâ ãã ãäìã ããè¾ã ÔãÖ㾾㠪ñ ã ÜãÀ ãìšêã ºããâ ã ¾ããÔããŸãè ½ãª ã ãšà ãñ Öã Öãñ ããû ãš ÜãÀ ãìšêã ºããâ ã ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ã ãì ãñ¾ã ãäìã ããè¾ã ÔãÖã¾¾ã Êãã¼ãã ããê ãäöôôãã ` 1,500 ÌãØãßì ã ÌãÓãà ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ÔÌã-½ã ãìàãè ãšá ã ` 28,500, ãšãäà ãã ` 43,500 ãããä ã ¹ããÔãî ã ãâ ãà ` 68,500 Öãñ ããû Öã ãã ãðš ããèºãâ ã À½ããƒÃ ØãðÖ ãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã Ôããñ î ã ãä ã ãñ Êãã¼ãã ããêêãã ¾ããÞãã ãäöôôãã ªñ ¾ããÞããè ØãÀ ã ãìö ããè ƒ ãà ÔãÌãà ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ããâ ãã ÊããØãî Öãñ ããû ãè ããà ãè Þ¾ãã ãããä ã ãä ãìã Êãñʾãã Øã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã œã ã ããè ã ¹ãì ãèêã ºããºããè Üã ãšãèôã ããê¾ãã: ãä ã ããè ããô ã ªñ ãñ ¾ãã ãä ãêûããëã ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè½ã ¾ãñ ƒâãäªàã ããìããôã ¾ããñ ã ãã ÔããäÖ ã ãäìããäìã ã ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ããâ ãšãäà ãã ` ãšãñ ãè ã ãìªã ã ãä½ãßãêãñ. ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ãäìããäìã ã ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ããâþãñ ãâ ãøãã ã ½ãâ ãîà ããêãñê¾ãã ÜãÀãâÞãã ãäìãþããà ãšà ãã ãäªêãñêãñ Öñ ã ãìªã ã ` 6.64 ãšãñ ãé ããè ããô ã Öãñ ãñû ããô ã ã ãìªã ã ãè ããà ãè ãñ ŸñÌãî ã Üãñ ãêãñ (½ãñ 2012) 24

116 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÜãÀãâÞãñ Ìã㠹㠃âãäªàã ããìããôã ¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìããâ¹ãƽãã ãñ ÜãÀãÞãñ Ìãã ¹ã Êãã¼ãã ããêþ¾ãã Ô ããè ÔãªÔ¾ããÞ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ãä ãâšìãã ¹ããä ã Ìã ¹ã ããè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã Ôãâ¾ãì ã ã ããìããâ ããè ãôãêãñ ¹ãããäÖ ãñ. Øã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã Üã ãšãâþ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ãäìããäìã ã ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ããâþ¾ãã ŒããÊããè ½ãâ ãîà ããêãñê¾ãã 4, ÜãÀ ãìšêããâ¹ãõ ãšãè ¹ãŠ ã ã 692 ÜãÀ ãìšêãñ (15 ã ãñš) Ô ããè Êãã¼ãã ããêþ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ Öãñ ããè ãããä ã ÌãÃãäÀ ã 3,828 (85 ã ãñš) ÜãÀ ãìšêãñ ¹ãìÁÓã Êãã¼ãã ããêþ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ Öãñ ããèû ããè ¾ããñ ã ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã ÌããâÞãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ãšà ããàãè Öãñ ããè. Øã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ãàãè ½ãîÊã ã: ÜãÀñ ¹ãìÁÓã ÔãªÔ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ½ãâ ãîà ããêããè Öãñ ããè ãàãè ÜãÀ ãîšêã ¹ãî ãã ããê¾ããìãà ÊããñØããñ/¹ãƪÎãà 㠹ãŠÊã ãš ¹ããä ã Ìã ¹ã ããè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã Ôãâ¾ãì ã ã ããìãã ãñ ãñšêãã Öãñ ããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ãšãâöãè ãäìããä ããäªãó ãà ãäªêãñ ããöãèû ãîàãäìãàãäö ã ÞãìÊããè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãñ ƒâãäªàã ããìããôã ¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìãã½ã ¾ãñ ãôãñ ãšàãàãä ããäìãó ãñšêãñ Öãñ ãñ ãšãè ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ÜãÀ ãìšêãã ã ãš ãìàãäìãàãäö ã ÞãîÊã ãäªêããè ¹ãããäÖ ãñ ããè ƒâ ã ã ãšã¾ããàã½ã, ãîàãäìãàãäö ã, ÔÌãÞœ ¹ã¾ããÃÌãÀ ãã ãšãäà ãã ãä ãàãñøããè Ìã Ìãã¹ãÀã ãšãäà ãã ããô ã ÔããñƒÃÔ ãšà ãôãñêãû ãè ããà ãè Þ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ãàãè ¹ãÆãä ã Êãã¼ãã ããê ¹ãÆãä ã ÞãîÊã ` 351 Þããè À ã ã ½ã 6,991 ãäìããäìã ã ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ããþ¾ãã 13 Êãã¼ãã ããê ãš î ã ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ÌãÔãìË ãñšêããè Öãñ ããè (` ÊããŒã) ãàãè ãè ããà ãè Êãã ½ãñ 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ÞãìÊããè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ã¹ã¾ãîã ããêãñû ãä ãøãã½ã ã ¹ããäÀÓãªñ ã, ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãìª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ÔãÌãà ãìàãäìãàãäö ã ÞãìÊããè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ãñšê¾ãã Øãñʾãã ããöñ ãû ãîàãäìãàãäö ã ÞãìÊããè Ìãã¾ã¹ãŠß ¹ã î ã ÀãÖ ãñ ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ããè ã Øã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä ã ãšãàãè Þ¾ãã ÔãâØãÆÖ ããòªìãûããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ŒãÀñªãè ãñšêãñê¾ãã 2, ãîàãäìãàãäö ã ÞãìÊããé¹ãõ ãšãè 1,657 ÞãìÊããè ãî ã 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ãäìã ããäà ã ãñšê¾ãã ãìö ¾ãã, ãàãè ÞãìÊããèÞããè ãä ãâš½ã ã Êãã¼ãã ããê ãš î ã ÌãÔãîÊã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè Öãñ ããèû ½ããËñØããÌã- ãîš ã ½ãâ ãîà ÜãÀ ãîšêãñ 1179 ¹ãìÁÓããÞ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ½ãâ ãîà ããêãñê¾ãã ÜãÀ ãîšêããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã 962 Ô ããèþ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ½ãâ ãîà ÜãÀ ãìšêããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã -217 ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ- ãîš ã ½ãâ ãîà ÜãÀ ãìšêãñ 814 ¹ãìÁÓããÞ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ½ãâ ãîà ããêãñê¾ãã ÜãÀ ãìšêããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã 659 Ô ããèþ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ½ãâ ãîà ÜãÀ ãìšêããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã 155 ÌãããäÎã½ã- ãîš ã ½ãâ ãîà ÜãÀ ãìšêããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã 2527 ¹ãìÁÓããÞ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ½ãâ ãîà ããêãñê¾ãã ÜãÀ ãìšêããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã 2207 Ô ããèþ¾ãã ããìãã ãñ ½ãâ ãîà ÜãÀ ãìšêããâþããè Ôã⌾ãã 320 ƒâ. ãã.¾ããñ., À½ããƒÃ, ãê¹ãôã✾㠃. ½ããÊãñØããÌã- ãîš ã ÔãâØãÆÖ 885 ãäìã ããäà ã ãñšêã¾ãã 333 ãäîãêêã ãš 552 ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ- ãîš ã ÔãâØãÆÖ 826 ãäìã ããäà ã ãñšê¾ãã 325 ãäîãêêã ãš 501 ÌãããäÎã½ã- ãîš ã ÔãâØãÆÖ 954 ãäìã ããäà ã ãñšê¾ãã 350 ãäîãêêã ãš

117 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ãä ãøãã½ã ã ¹ããäÀÓãªñ ã ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ÔãÌãà ãîàãäìãàãäö ã ÞãîÊããè ãâ ãà ãäìã ããäà ã ãñšê¾ãã Øãñʾãã ããöñ ãû ƒ ãà ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã Ëã¼ãã ããêþããè ãä ãìã - ãê¹ãôã✾ããâ ãš àãñ ããþãã ãäìã ãšãôã ãšã¾ãã 㚽㠽ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ããù ã ãñºãà 2006 ½ã ¾ãñ ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ããªñîããâ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ½ãÖãÀãÓ È Àã ¾ãã ã ÀãÖ ããàñ ½ãìÔã˽ãã ã, ãäðãîþã ã, ÎããèŒã, ºããõ ª, ¹ããÀÎããè ãããä ã ãõ ã Öñ ãê¹ãôãâœ¾ã ½Ö ãî ã ½ãã ãêãñ ãã ããèêã Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ãã ãñ, ãê¹ãôã✾ã àãñ ããþãã ãäìã ãšãôã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããâ ãøãã ã ¹ããÔãî ã ãê¹ãôã✾ã Êãã¼ãã ããë ãã ÜãÀ ãìšêãñ ªñ ¾ããÞãã ãšã¾ãã 㚽㠹ãìÀ:Ô ãããä¹ã ã ãñšêããû Øã ãäìã ãšãôã ããä ã ãšãàãè ÌãããäÎã½ã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã 440 Êãã¼ãã ããë ãã ÜãÀ ãìšêãñ ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêããè ¾ãã½ã ¾ãñ 120 ½ãìÔãÊã½ãã ã, 97 ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ãã ããè ãããä ã ƒ ãà 223 ¾ããâÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ããû ãê¹ãôã✾ã Ôã½ãã ããì¾ããä ããäà ã ã ƒ ãà 320 Êãã¼ãã ããëþ¾ãã ãä ãìã ãè½ãìßñ ãê¹ãôã✾ã Ôã½ãã ã ãšã¾ãªñîããèà Êãã¼ãã¹ããÔãî ã ÌãâãäÞã ã ÀããäÖÊããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñû À½ããƒÃ ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã Êãã¼ãã ããë ãã ãš½ããè ¹ãƪã ã Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ãã ãñ À½ããƒÃ ØãðÖãä ã½ããã ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ¹ããÔãî ã ¹ãìÀ:Ô ãããä¹ã ã ãñšêããèû ¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ãà ãìªãé¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãà Œããªã Êãã¼ãã ããê ØãÆã½ããè ã àãñ ãã ããèêã ãôãñêã ãà ¾ããÊãã Êãã¼ãã ããêþãã ãäöôôãã ` 1,500 ãâîãªã ã ªñ ¾ããÞããè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã ããöãèû ¾ãã¹ãÆ ãšãàñ ÔãÖã¾¾ããÞããè Ôãâ¹ãî ãã À ã ãš½ã, ¾ãã ãäìããäìããäàã ã ÌãÓããà ãšãäà ãã ÊããØãî ãôã ããå ¾ãã ÜãÀ ãìšêããþ¾ãã ãä ãâš½ã ããè¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ªñ¾ã ããöñ. ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ãè. ããà. ãè.. ãñ ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã 4,976 Êãã¼ãã ããë ãã ¹ãÆãä ã Êãã¼ãã ããê ` 70,000 ñìã ããè ` 68,500 ¹ãƪã ã ãñšêãñ (½ãñ 2012), ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ` ÊããŒã ãš½ããè ¹ãƪã ãã ã ããêããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêããè ãšãè ¾ããñ ã ãñþ¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã ÌããâÞãñ ã ãì¹ããêã ã ãñšê¾ãã ããƒãêãû ¹ãî ãã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ½ããñÖãè½ã ¹ãî ãã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ½ããñÖãè½ã ( ãè Ôã Ôããè) Öã 㚠̾ãã¹ã ãš ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ããöñ ããñ ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ãã ãñìããàãè 2004 ½ã ¾ãñ ØãÆã½ããè ã àãñ ãã ã, Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ÔãìãäÌã ããâþããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ãããä ã Œãìʾãã ãäà ããè ãñ ½ãÊã ãäìãôã ãã ã ãšà ¾ããÞãñ ãä ã½ãîãêã ã ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã ̾ãã¹ã ãš Öñ ãî ãñ ¹ãÆãÀâ¼ã ãñšêããû ¹ãî ãã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ½ããñÖãè½ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ã ãä ã.¹ã. ãš î ã ¹ããÔãî ã ãšã¾ããããä Ìã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè. Êãà¾ã ãããä ã Ôãã ¾ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ã ¹ãî ãã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ½ããñÖãè½ãñÞ¾ãã ãäìããäìã ã Üã ãšãâþ¾ãã ºããºã ããè ã, ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã Êãà¾ã ãããä ã Ôã㠾㠾ããâÞããè ãäô ã ããè ŒããÊããèÊã ¹ãƽãã ãñ Öãñ ããè:- 15 ` 1500 x 2626 Êãã¼ãã ããê ( ) = ` ÊããŒã ` 1500 x 2350 Êãã¼ãã ããê ( ) = ` ÊããŒã 26

118 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ¹ãî ãã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ½ããñãäÖ½ãñÞãñ Êãà¾ã Ìã Ôãã ¾ã Üã ãš Êãà¾ã (Ôã⌾ãã) Ôãã ¾ã (Ôã⌾ãã) Ôãã ¾ãÞããè ã ãšñìããàãè ̾ããä ã ãøã ã ãšì ìâºã ÎãõãÞããÊã¾ã (ªããäÀªÆ ã 1,07,896 44, ÀñÓãñŒããÊããè) ̾ããä ã ãøã ã ãšì ìâºã ÎããõÞããÊã¾ã (ªããäÀªÆ ã ÀñÓãñÌãÀ) 97,057 43, Îããßã ¹ãÆÔãã ã ã ØãðÖ 1,526 1, ãâøã ãìãã ãè ¹ãÆÔãã ã ã ØãðÖ Ôã½ãã ã Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ¹ãÆÔãã ã ã ØãðÖ (Ô ããñ ã: ãä ãêöã ¹ãÀãèÓ㪠ÌãããäÎã½ãÞãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ãöìããë) ã½ãì ãã Øã ãâþ¾ãã ÊãñŒ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÞããÞã ããè ¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ( ãî ã 2012) ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããëñ ãšãè ̾ããä ã ãøã ã ÜãÀØãì ããè ÎããõÞãã˾ããÞãñ (ªããäÀ³ ã ÀñÓãñŒããËãèË ãããä ã ªããäÀ³ ã ÀñÓãñÌãÀãèË) Ôãã ¾ã ãñþãñ ¹ãƽãã ã ( ã ãšñìããàãè) ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ ãããä ã ½ããËñØããÌã Øã ã ã ½ããÞãà 2012 Ëã 28 ãñ 45 Þ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã Öãñ ãñ. Öñ ªÎãÃãäÌã ãñ ãšãè ¾ããñ ã ãñþãã ªáñÎã ãâîã ã: Ôãã ¾ã ããëã. ãìãã ̾ã ãäìã ããœãþãã ãäîãêêã ãš ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ¹ãî ãã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ½ããñÖãè½ãñŒããÊããè ãä½ãßãêãñêãã ãä ã ããè ãããä ã ãñšêãñêãã ŒãÞãà ¾ããÞããè ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããè ¹ãì ãèêã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ Öãñ ããèû ¹ãî ãã Ôã¹ãŠãƒÃ ½ããñÖãè½ãŒããÊããè ãä½ãßãêãñêãã ãä ã ããè ãããä ã ãñšêãñêãã ŒãÞãà (` ËãŒãã½ã ¾ãñ) ÌãÓãà ÔãìÀÌãã ããèþããè ãäîãêêã ãš ãä½ãßãêãñêãã ãä ã ããè ãšî ã ŒãÞãà ãœãñàþããè ãäîãêêã ãš ŒãÞããÃÞããè ã ãšñìããàãè ãšî ã (Ô ããñ ã ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓ㪠ÌãããäÎã½ã) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ŒãÞããÃÞããè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ã ãñšìããàãè 12 ãñ 95 ã ãñš Öãñ ããè. ŒãÞãà ã ãñšêãñêããè ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓ㪠ãìãßãèêã ½ããÞãà 2012 ãœãñàþããè ãäîãêêã ãš ` 5.81 ãšãñ ãè Öãñ ããè ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ ãããä ã ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ŒãÞãà ã ããêãñêããè ãäîãêêã ãš Êãàã Ôãã ¾ã ã ããê¾ãã ãñ Öãñ ããèû Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ããâþãã Ìãã¹ãÀ ã Öãñ ãñ ½ãÖãÀãÓ È Àã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ãä ãêûãã ã ãùû ºããºããÔããÖñºã ããâºãñ ãšà Ôãã½ãããä ã ãš ¾ãã¾ã ¼ãÌã ã ( ããâºãñ ãšà ¼ãÌã ã) ¹ãì ãèêã ÔãìãäÌã ããâôããäö ã ºããâ ã ¾ããÞãñ ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ŸÀãäÌãËñ ( ãì ã 2006). ÌããÞã ããêã¾ã, ½ãããäÖ ããè ãòš³, ¹ããäÀÓ㪠ªãÊã ã, ºãõŸ ãšãèþãñ ªãÊã ã, ¹ãÖãÀØãðÖ, ãšêãã ã ãšãª½ããè 27

119 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ÔãâØã ã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ãã (Ôãã¾ãºãÀ ãùš¹ãšñ Þ¾ãã ÔãìãäÌã ãñôããäö ã) ãããä ã ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ãã ããè ãããä ã ãìãºããõ ª Ôã½ãã ããôããÿãè Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã Ìãã ãìããè ¼ãã ¾ãã ãñ Ôãã½ãìãäÖ ãš ªãÊã ã ãäìãîãñóã ãä ãêöã Ôã½ãã ã ãšê¾ãã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2012) ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûãã ã ããâºãñ ãšà ¼ãÌã ããþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãìêãõ 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ` 4.69 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞããà ãñ ããè ã ¼ããØãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ ½Ö ã ãñ ƒ½ããà ã-, ƒ½ããà ã-ºããè, ãããä ã ƒ½ããà ã Ôããè. ãñìöã ãšãè ƒ½ããà ã-, Ôã½ãã ã ãšê¾ãã ã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ãšã¾ãããêã¾ãã ãšãäà ãã Ìãã¹ãÀʾãã ãã ã Öãñ ããè, ÌãÃãäÀ ã ªãñ ã ƒ½ããà ããè ¾ãã ` 2.70 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞããà ãñ ºããâ ãê¾ãã Öãñ ¾ãã, ¾ãã Ìãã¹ãÀã ã Üãñ ãê¾ãã Øãñʾãã ããöãè ( ãã ãñìããàãè 2013). ãòš³ãè¾ã ãšãàãøãðöãþ¾ãã ªìÁÔ ããè ãããä ã ãî ã ããè ãšà ããìãà Ìãã¾ã¹ãŠß Øãìâ ãìã ãî ãš ãàãè, ÌãããäÎã½ã ¾ãñ ãñ ãšãàãøãðö ƒ½ããà ããèþ¾ãã ªìÁÔ ããè ãããä ã ãî ã ããè ãšà ããþãñ ãšã½ã ãôãñþã ºãùÀñ ã Ôã, ãìš¹ã ã ãä¼ãâ ã ãããä ã ãš½ããþããàãè ãä ãìããôãô ãã ããâþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ½ããÞãà 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãî ãã ããêãñ, ãàãè ãšãàãøãðöãþãã ããºãã ãã ãñìããàãè 2013 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ØãðÖ ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ Üãñ ãêãã ããöãè, ¾ãã ãñ ` 3.82 ãšãñ ãèþãã ŒãÞãà ã ãì ¹ã㪠㚠ããêãã. ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã ããñìöòºãà 2007 ¹ããÔãî ã ãšãàãøãðö ¹ãÆããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ãã ããºãã Üãñ ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã Ô½ãÀ ã ªñ ã Öãñ ãã ãããä ã ãšãàãøãðö ¹ãÆããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ããè 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãƽãããä ã ã ãñšêãñ ãšãè ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã, ãšãàãøãðö ãšã¾ããîããèêã Öãñ ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ¹ãìÀñÎãã Öãñ ¾ãã. ã ãããä¹ã ããºãã Üãñ ãê¾ãã ØãñÊãã ããöãè ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã Ôãã½ãã ããþ¾ãã ÞããñÀãè ã ãããä ã ºããâ ã ãšã½ããþãã Å ÖãÔã Öãñ ¾ãã ã ããêããû ãšãàãøãðöãþãã ããºãã ÜãñƒÃ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ÔãÖÌããÔããè ÌãããäÎã½ã¹ããÔãî ã 80 ãä ãš.½ããè. ãâ ãàãìãà ãôã ããå ¾ãã ã ãšãñêãã ãšãàãøãðöã ã ŸñÌãʾãã ØãñÊãñû ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãôãñöãè ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ¹ããñÊããèÔããâ ãã Àãñ ã, ¾ãã¾ããÊã¾ãã ã Ö ãà ÀãÖ ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ÔãÖÌããÔããé ãã ã ãšãñêãã ãñ ÌãããäÎã½ã ãã ããìãñ ÊããØã ã Öãñ ãñû ¾ãã½ãìßñ ãš ¹ããñÊããèÔã ÌããÖ ã ãããä ã ÔãìÀàãã ãš½ããþããàãè ÊããÌã ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš ããêãñ ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ØãðÖ ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ` ÊããŒã 16 ŒãÞãà ãñšêãñû Öã ŒãÞãà ãß ãã ¾ãñ Š Îã ãšêãã ãôã ãã ãà, ãî ã ããè ãšà ã ãããä ã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ããê¾ããìãà ãšãàãøãðöãþãã ããºãã ½ããÞãà 2007 Üãñ ãê¾ãã ØãñÊãã ãôã ããû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ Ô ãããä ã ãš ÔãâÔ ãã ãøãà ãäìã ãšãôã 12 ̾ãã ãäìã ã ãã¾ããñøããþ¾ãã ( ãè ¹ãŠ Ôããè) ãäîã¹ãšãàîããè¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ( ) ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãšãâ ãã Üã ã ãšþãàã ̾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ã ãããä ã ƒ ãà ã ãìóãâãäøã ãš ãšã½ããâ ãšãäà ãã ̾ãã¹ã ãš ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ¾ããñ ã ãã ã¾ããà ãšàãìã¾ããþ¾ãã Öãñ ¾ãã. ãè ¹ãŠ Ôããè ã ãìªã ãã¹ãõ ãšãè ã ãñš Üã ã ãšþãàã ̾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ããìãà Ìãã¹ãÀ ãñ ãããä ã ã ãñš ã ãìªã ã ƒ ãà ã ãìóãâãäøã ãš ãšã½ããâìãà Ìãã¹ãÀãÌã¾ããÞãñ Öãñ ãñû 16 ` 45,900 ¹ãÆãä ã ½ãÖãè ãã x 12 ½ãÖãè ãñ x 5 ÌãÓãà 28

120 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãšã Üã ã ãšþãå ¾ããÞããè ãäìãêöñìãã ãøãà¹ãããäë ãšã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãããä ã ½ãâØãÀŠß¹ããèÀ ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãšã ÌãããäÎã½ãÞ¾ãã ããä ã ãšããäà ãñœããëãè ¹ãÆãä ããäª ã ½ãñ ã ãñšà ãšþãàã ã¾ããà Öãñ ã Öãñ ãã ¾ãã¹ãõ ãšãè 22 ã ãñš ÌãÔ ãîþãñ ¹ãì ã:ãä ã½ããã ã ãšà ¾ãã ããñøãã, 41 ã ãñš ãõìã ãìã ã ããè ããñøãã ãšþãàã ãããä ã ãä½ãñã ãšþãàã 37 ã ãñš Öãñ ããû ãšþãàã Øããñßã ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ÎãÖÀã ã ã ÌããÖ ãñ Ìãã¹ãÀʾãã ãã ã Öãñ ããèû ã ãããä¹ã ÊãñŒãã¹ããäÀàã ãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ããùøãô 2010 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãÆã¹ ã ãñšêãñêãã ãšþãàã ãäìãêöñìãã ¹Ëú ` ÊããŒã ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãàöãè 17 ãã ãñìããàãè 2013 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¼ããÀÊãã ãìö ããû ¾ããÞã¹ãƽãã ãñ ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãñšþ¾ãã ããä ã ãšããäà ãñœããêããè, ¹ãÆãä ããäª ã 7.5 ½ãñ ã ãñšà ãšþãàã ãä ã½ããã ã Öãñ ã Öãñ ãã. ã ãããä¹ã, ããøãàãè ¹ãÆÎããÔã ã ÔãâÞããÊã ããêã¾ã ½ãìâºãƒÃ ãñ ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ºãÅ ¾ããÞã ¹ãîÌããê ½ããÞãà 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãàöãè Üã ã ãšþãàã ãäìãêöñìãã ¹Êãú ¼ããÀÊãã ØãñÊãã ããöãèû ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ã: Üã ã ãšþãå ¾ããÞããè ãäìãêöñìãã ªãñ Öãè ãøãà¹ãããäêã ãšãâ½ã ¾ãñ, ÀãÖãè¹ãã ã ã ããìããàã ã ãôãâüããä ã ãããä ã ãîããô ããè¾ã ¹ã ª ããè ãñ ãñšêããè ãã ã Öãñ ããèû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ã ã½ãàãìã ããè ¾ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñû ãããä ãã ãš ÔãñÌãã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ÌãããäÎã½ã ¾ãñ ãñ ãôãêãñêãã ãš ÊãÜãì ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøã, ªãñ 㠽㠾ã½ã ãããä ã 81 ÊãÜãì ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããâþãñ ãšã½ã ¹ãÖã ã Öãñ ãã. ã ãããä¹ã, ãä ãêûãã ããèêã ãäôãâþã ããþãã ã ãìîãñóã ªìÀ ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ããè ã 18 ãã ãœããè ãäìã¼ããøã Ô ãã¹ã ã ãñšêãñ. ¾ãã ÞããÀ ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã œã ã ããè ã ¹ãì ãèêã ØããñÓ ãè Üã ãšãèôã ããê¾ãã: ãäôãâþã ã àã½ã ãñþããè ãä ããä½ãã ããè Ìã Ìãã¹ãÀ 27,214 Öñ ã À ãäôãâþã ã àã½ã ãñþãñ Êãà¾ã ãôã ããâ ãã ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã 11,483 Öñ ã À (42 ã ãñš) ãäôãâþã ã àã½ã ãã ãä ã½ããã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊããè. ¾ãã¹ãõ ãšãè ¹ãŠ ã ã 1,867 Öñ ã À (16 ã ãñš) Ìãã¹ãÀʾãã ãã Š Îã ãšêããèû ãä ã¾ããñ ã ããìãà ÞÞãããä ã ãšãà Ôããä½ã ããèþ¾ãã ãäîã¹ãšãàôããé ãã ãá ã ã ÀãÖ ãñ ÔããäÞãÌã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãäìã¼ããøã ¹ãƽãìŒã¹ãªãè ãôãêãñêããè ãš ÞÞãããä ã ãšãà Ôããä½ã ããè, Àã ¾ã¼ãÀ ãôãêãñê¾ãã ¹ãã â ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããâþ¾ãã ãäô ã ããèþãã ãã ãìãã Üãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè Ô ãã¹ã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêããèû ¹ãÀãä ããäªãó Ôããä½ã ããèþ¾ãã ãäîã¹ãšãàôããé¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ( ããñìöòºãà 2001) ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããìãà ãñšêãñêãã ŒãÞãà 75 ã ã ¾ããâÖî ã ããô ã Öãñ ãã ãñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ¹ãÆ ã½ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñû ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããìãàãèêã ŒãÞãà 50 ã ãñš Ìã 75 ã ãñš ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã Öãñ ãã ãñ ãâ ãà Öã ããè ܾããÌã¾ããÞãñ Öãñ ãñ ãããä ã ŒãÞãà 50 ã ã ¾ããÖì ã ãš½ããè ãôã ããå ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãñ ãšã½ã ããâºãìããìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñû ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè ` 7 ÊããŒã ¹Êãú Þãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ` ÊããŒã ÊãÜãì¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ (Ô ãããä ã ãš àãñ ã) ãäìã¼ããøã ÌãããäÎã½ã ããù ã ãñºãà 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ, Ë.¹ãã.ãäÌã. II ãšãàâ ãã ½ãñ 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ãããä ã Ë.¹ãã.ãäÌã. III ÌãããäÎã½ã ½ãñ 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ. 29

121 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã 59 ãìããè ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããâìãà ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšêãñ ãôãñ 15 ãì ãñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã Öãñ ãñ ¾ããÌãÀ ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã 50 ã ã ¾ããÖì ã ããô ã ŒãÞãà ããêãã Öãñ ãã. Öñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ããùøãô 1995 Ìã ½ãñ 2006 ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã Öã ããè Üãñ ãê¾ãã ØãñÊãñ ãããä ã ¾ããâ ãã ¹ãî ãã Öãñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ãã ãœããè ` ãšãñ ãéþããè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã Öãñ ããèû ãà ÞÞãããä ã ãšãà Ôããä½ã ããèþ¾ãã ãäîã¹ãšãàôããè Ôããàãñ¹ãã ãñ ã ãìôãàê¾ãã ãôã ¾ãã, ãà ããô ã ãì ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããâ ãã ãøãæ ã暽㠪ñ Š ã ãñ ÊãÌã ãšà ¹ãî ãã ãšà ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ããêãñ ãôã ãñ ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ãì ãñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ¹ãÆ ãðšó ãäôãâþã ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ããœããêããè ¹ãî ãã ãñšê¾ãã ãã ããèêãû ½ãðª Ìã ãêã Ôãâ ããà ã ãäì㪼ãã ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã ãä½ãîã ã ãäì㪼ãã ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã ãä½ãîã ãþãã (ãäìã ¹ãã ãäìã ãä½ã) Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ããþ¾ãã Îãñ ã ãšå ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ¹ãù ãñš ã½ã ¾ãñ ãñšêãã Öãñ ãã. Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ãã ãñ Ôã¹ òºãà 2006 ½ã ¾ãñ ãäìã ¹ãã ãäìã ãä½ã ÌãÀ ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìãñ ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêããè. ãäìã ¹ãã ãäìã ãä½ã Þãã Öñ ãî, ãäôãâþã ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãñþããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšà ãñ, ãêã Ôãâ ããà ããþããè Ôãâ¹ã㪠ãî ãš ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ÔããäÖ ã ÔãÖã ãã ½ãÖ ¾ãã ¹ãÆÌã ã ãä ãêûãã ã ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôããìªãàñ ãðšóããè ãã ãããäà ã ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããàãþããè ãä ã½ããê ããè Öã Öãñ ãã. ãäìã ¹ãã ãäìã ãä½ã Þ¾ãã ãâ ãøãã ã ãšã½ããâþ¾ãã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ãã ãšà ãã, ãðšóããè ãäìã¼ããøã Öñ ããñ Ë ããä¼ã ãšà ã ããöñû ¹ãã ãëãñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ãã ã, ãšâ ãè ¾ãì ãôã ãšâ ìà ÈñâÞã (Ôããè Ôããè ãè) ØãÆñ ñ ºãâ ãèâøã ( ããè ºããè), Ëì ã ºããñÊ À ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ( Êã ºããè Ôã), Îãñ ã ãßãè ( ¹ãŠ ¹ããè), ãäôã½ãñâ ããêãã ºããâ ã (Ôããè ã ºããè) ãããä ã ½ãã ããè ããêãã ºããâ ã ( ½ã ã ºããè) ãîãã ãšã½ããâþãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ããñû ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã ãä ã ããèôããÿãè ãâîãªã ã ã ªñ ãñ Ìã ¹ãã ãëãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ããþããè ¹ããäÀÀàãã ã ãšà ãñ ÖãäÀ¾ããÊããè ¾ããñ ã ãñôããÿãè ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìããâ¹ãƽãã ãñ, ¾ããÞãã Àã ¾ã ÎããÔã ãã ãñöãè ¹ãì ããáþþããà ãñšêãã Öãñ ãã, ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã Ôããä½ã ¾ããâ ãã (¹ãã ãäìã Ôã) ãäìã ¹ãã ãäìã ãä½ã. ŒããÊããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ãšã½ããâ ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã ãä ã ããè (¹ãã ãäìã ãä ã) ãä ã½ããã ã ãšàãìã¾ããþãã Öãñ ãã. ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã ãä ã ããèôããÿãè ãâîãªã ã ̾ããä ã ãøã ã Êãã¼ãã ããë ããè, ̾ããä ã ãøã ã ããä½ã ããè ã, ãä ãó¹ãããäª ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ãšã½ããâþ¾ãã ½ãîʾããÞ¾ãã ãš½ããè ã ãš½ããè 10 ã ãñš ²ããÌã¾ããÞãñ Öãñ ãñ ãããä ã ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ãã ããè/ ã ãìôãîãäþã ã ã½ãã ããè ãããä ã ØãÀãèºã ÀñÓãñŒããÊããèÊã ããä¼ã ãã ã ̾ããä ã ãâþ¾ãã ºããºã ããè ã ãñ ¹ããâÞã ã ã ¾ããâ¹ãƽãã ãñ Öãñ ãñû ÞããÞã ããè ã¹ããôã ããè ãñšêãñê¾ãã ããè ã ããêãì ã ¾ãã ã 46 ØããâÌã ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã Ôããä½ã ¾ããâ ããè ããè ºããè, Ôããè ã ºããè, ½ã ã ºããè ãããä 㠹㊠¹ããè ãîããè ãšã½ãñ, 66 ¹ãã ãëãñ ãäìã ãšãôã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããâìãà, ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞããà ãñ, ãäìã ¹ãã ãäìã ãä½ã ŒããÊããè ãñšêããè. ã ãããä¹ã ØããâÌã ¹ãã ãäìã Ôã ããè ¹ããâÞã ã ãñš ªÀã ãñ ( ãš½ããè ã ãš½ããè) ` ÊããŒã ãâîãªã ã ÌãÔãîÊã ãšá ã ¹ãã ãäìã ãä 㠽㠾ãñ ã½ãã ãñšêãñ ããöãèû ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè, ãä ãêöã ã ããèàã ãš ãðšóããè ããä ã ãšãàãè (ãä ã. ã. ãšð. ã) ¾ããâ ããè ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ¹ããäÀÀàãã ŒãÞãà ãñšêãã ããöãèû 30

122 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ¹ãÆ ãã ã ½ãâ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ¹ãù ãñš ãœããêããè Þãñ ãš ù½ã ½ãÖãÀãÓ ÈãÞ¾ãã ÔãÖã ãã ½ãÖ ¾ãã¹ãÆÌã ã ãä ãêûãã ã (ÌãããäÎã½ãÔããäÖ ã) Þãñ ãš ù½ãþãñ ãšã½ã ãìêãõ 2006 ½ã ¾ãñ ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ÜããñÓã ãã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãã ã ½ãâ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ¹ãù ãñš ã½ã ¾ãñ Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãñšê¾ãã ØãñÊãñ Öãñ ãñû ãðšóããè ãã¾ãì ã ã, ½ãÖãÀãÓ È À㠾㠹ãì ãñ ¾ããâ ããè Þãñ ãš ù½ã ºããâ ã ¾ããÔãâºãâ ããè ã ãìªñîã ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêãñ ( ããùøãô 2006) ¾ããÞãºãÀãñºãÀ ãôãñöãè ã½ãìª ãñšêãñ ãšãè Øããß ã½ãã Öãñ ãñ ãß ¾ããÔããŸãè ãšã½ã ÔããŒãßãè ¹ã ª ã ãšþã ããñ ã/ ããê¾ããìãà ãä ãó¹ãããäª ã ãñšêãñ ¹ãããäÖ ãñ ãããä ã Êãã¼ãã ããë ããè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã Îãñ ããþ¾ãã ºãã ãî ãñ œãñ ñ ½ãã ããè ããêãã ºããâ ã ºããâ ãêãñ ¹ãããäÖ ãñ ã. Øããß ã½ãã Öãñ ãñ ãß ¾ããÔããŸãè ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ÔããŒãßãè ¹ã ª ããèþ¾ãã ÌãÀÞ¾ãã ºãã ãîêãã Øãùãäºã¾ã ã ÔãâÀÞã ãã ãä ãêöã ãä ã ããè, ã ãìîãñóã ƒû ƒ ãà Ôãã ã ããâ½ã ãî ã ãñšêããè ¹ãããäÖ ãñ Øãùãäºã¾ã ã ÔãâÀÞã ãã ã ºããâ ã ãñ ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ, ããè ã ÌãÓããÃÞ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ( ) 1,500 Þãñ ãš ù½ã (¹ãÆãä ã ãä ãêöã 500 ÌãããäÎã½ã ÔããäÖ ã) ºããâ ã ¾ããÞãñ Êãà¾ã ãä ããäîþã ã ãñšêãñ ( ãìêãõ 2006). ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãñ ãä ããäîþã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ` ãšãñ ãèþãñ 1,500 Þãñ ãš ù½ãþ¾ãã Êãà¾ããÞ¾ãã ããøããè ãä ã. ã. ãðš. ã ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞããà ãñ 1,491 Þãñ ãš ù½ã ºããâ ãî Îã ãšêãñû ¾ãã ãâ ãà, ãä ã. ã. ãðš. ã. ãñ 54 ããä ããäà ã ã Þãñ ãš ù½ãþãñ ãšã½ã, ãä ãêöã ãä ã ããè Ìã ã ãìîãñóã ãä ã ããè (` 1.16 ãšãñ ãè) ããñ Øãùãäºã¾ã ã ÔãâÀÞã ããâôããÿãè ÀãŒãî ã ŸñÌãÊãã Öãñ ãã, Öã ããè Üãñ ãêãñ, ãñ Ôãì ªã ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãî ãã Öãñ Š Îã ãšêãñ ããöãèû ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè, Øãùãäºã¾ã ã ÔãâÀÞã ããþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã Öãñ Š ã Îã ãš ãñ, ãôãñþã ãä ã. ãû ãðš. ã Þãñ ãš ù½ãþãñ ¹ãî ãã Öãñ ¾ããÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšá Îã ãšêãñ ããöãè ã. ãã ãñìããàãè 2013 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ããêãì ãšã ãðšóããè ããä ã ãšãå ¾ãã ãš î ã ãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ºããâ ããþãñ Ôã½ãã¹ ããè ¹ãƽãã ã¹ã ã ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ÌÖãÌã¾ããÞãñ Öãñ ãñû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâºãÀãñºãÀ Þããâ Ôã ØããÌããÊãã ( ããêãì ãšã ½ããÊãñØããâÌã) ãäªêãñê¾ãã àãñ ããþ¾ãã Ôãâ¾ãì ã ã ¼ãñ ãèþ¾ãã Ìãñßãè ( ãä¹ãæêã 2012), ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãñÊãã ã ãñ ãš ºããâ ãã ã Øãùãäºã¾ã ã ÔãâÀÞã ãñþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ã ãñšê¾ãã½ãìßñ ½ããñŸ ãã ¹ãƽãã ãã ã Øããß ÔããÞãʾããÞãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñû ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ãã¾ãì ã ããâ ããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã¼ããèàã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñšêãñ Ìã ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè Ôã½ãã¹ ããè ¹ãƽãã ã¹ã ãñ ÔããªÀ ãñšê¾ãã ãã ããèêãû ½ãîʾã½ãã¹ã ã ãããä ã Ôãâãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ËñŒ¾ããâ ãã ãâãä ã½ã Á¹ã ªñ ¾ãã ããèë ãäìãëâºã ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓãªñÞ¾ãã ËñŒ¾ããâÞãñ ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ãäìãìãà ã ¹ã ã ¹ãì ãèë ÌãÓããêÞ¾ãã 10 ãìêãõëã ãä ãâšìãã ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê ãäìã ããè¾ã Ôããä½ã ããèôã½ããñà 10 ããùøãô Ëã ŸñÌã ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ã¾ããà ãñšëñ ¹ãããäÖ ãñ ã. ¾ãã ãâ ãà Öñ ËñŒãñ ãä ã.¹ã. ãñ 30 Ôã¹ òºãàëã ãä ãâšìãã ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê ½ãâ ãîà ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ ãôã ãã ã ãããä ã ãâ ã ã: ËñŒ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ãäìãìãà ã¹ã ããâþãã ØããñÓãÌããÀã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã Àã ã¹ã ãã ã 15 ããñìöòºãà¹ãîìããê ¹ãÆãäÔã ª ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ ãôã ãã ã. ½ã쌾ã ËñŒãã Ìã ãäìã ã ããä ã ãšãàãè ãä ã.¹ã. ÌãããäÎã½ã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãëñœããâìãá ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããëñ ãšãè (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2012) ¾ãã ÌãÓããà ãšãäà ãã ãä ã.¹ã. Ëã ËñŒãñ ½ãâ ãîà ãšà ¾ãã ã 16 ½ããäÖ ¾ããâÞãã ãäìãëâºã ããëã Öãñ ãã ãããä ã Þ¾ãã ËñŒ¾ããâ ãšãäà ãã ããÿ ½ããäÖ ¾ããâÞãã ãäìãëâºã ããëã ¾ãã ÌãÓããà ãšãäà ãã ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ËñŒãñ ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã Àã ã¹ã ãã ã ãã ãñìããàãè 2013 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆãäÔã ª ããëñ ãìö ãñ = ( ããä ããäà ã ã ãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ºããâ ã) = 63 31

123 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã ) ãâ ãøãã ã ãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ãšã¾ãã ãâ ã ãâ ãøãã ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ¹ã ã ãšãþããè Ô ãã¹ã ãã ã ãšà ãñ ãè ããà ãè ãñ ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšëñê¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ã Ìããâ¹ãƽãã ãñ ãâ ãøãã ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ÎããŒãã Ô ãã¹ã ã ãñšëãè ¹ãããäÖ ãñ ãããä ã ãš ËñŒãã ããä ã ãšãàãè ãâ ãøãã ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãšãþãñ ãšã½ã ãšàãèë. ããä¼ãëñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããëñ ãšãè ( ãî ã 2012) ¾ãã ãšãëãìã ããè ã ãâ ãøãã ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÎããŒãã ãè ããà ãè ÌãããäÎã½ã½ã ¾ãñ Ô ãã¹ã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñËãè ãìö ããè. ½ãì.Ëñ.ãäÌã. ããä ã ãšãàãè ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãëñœããâþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããëñ ( ãî ã 2012) ãšãè ãä ã.¹ã. Þ¾ãã 12 ãäìã¼ããøããâ¹ãõ ãšãè 9 ãäìã¼ããøããâþãñ ãããä ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãä ãêûããþ¾ãã ÔãÖã ¹ãâÞãã¾ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè½ã ¾ãñ ½ãì.Ëñ.ãäÌã. ããä ã ãšãàãè ãñ ¾ãã ãšãëãìã ããè½ã ¾ãñ ãâ ãøãã ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãñšëñ ããöãè ãä ãó ãšóãã ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè ãñ ãìšÿê¾ããöãè ÌãÓããà ã, ãä ãêûããþ¾ãã ãîš ã ãäìã ãšãôããôããÿãè Ôãâ¹ãî ãã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ã ãôãëñëãè ãšããä ½ã ãš ãä ãêöã ¾ããñ ã ãã ã¾ããà ãñšëãè ããöãè. ãä ãêûãã½ã ¾ãñ ããàãñø¾ã ãòš³ñ ãããä ã ãš½ããè ã ãš½ããè ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¾ããâÞããè âþããƒã Öãñ ããè. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãä ãìã ã ¹ãÆããä ã ãšà ãã ãñ ` ãšãñ ãè ½ãîʾããÞ¾ãã ¾ãã ãšãëãìã ããè ã ¹ãî ãã ãñšëñê¾ãã ãñàã ØãÆã½ããè ã ¹ãã ããè¹ãìàìãÿã ¾ããñ ã ãã Ô ãããä ã ãš ÔãâÔ ããâ ããè ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã Öã ããè Üãñ ãê¾ãã ãìö ¾ãã. ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñœããëãè, Œãã²ã ªñ ¾ãã½ã ¾ãñ ̾㠾ã¾ã Öãñ ãã ¾ããÞããè ½ã¾ããêã 5 ãñ 199 ãäªìãôã Öãñ ããè. ããõ²ããñãäøã ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãâÔ ããâþããè Ñãñ ããèìãã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ÑãñÓŸ ÌããÞãñ ãòš³ ¾ããñ ã ãñœããëãè, ̾ããÌãÖããäÀ ãš ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ããôããÿãè ã ¾ããÌãξã ãš ¾ãâ ãôãã½ãøãæãè Ìã Ôãã ã ãôãã½ãøãæãè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãñ ãããä ã ããè Ìãã¾ã¹ãŠß ¹ã î ã ÀãÖ ãñ ¾ããÔãÖ ãä ãªñîã ãšãâþ¾ãã ãäà ã ã ããøãã ã ¼ãÀ ãñ ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ª ããã ÜãÔãÀ ¾ãã ã ããëã. ½ã ¾ãÌã ããê ãšãàãøãðö, ¾ããÞãñ ãî ã ããè ãšà ã Öãñ ã ¹ããÞã ÌãÓããùãñàãã ããô ã ãšãëãìã ããè ãâ ãàöãè ãããä ã ¾ããÔããŸãè ` 3.82 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãàöãè ØãðÖ ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ Öã ããè Üãñ ãëñ ããöãè. ÔÌã ãã ã¾ãâ ããè ØãÆã½ã ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããà ¾ããñ ã ãã 1999 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãÆãÀâ¼ã ããê¾ãã¹ããôãî ã, ãä ãþ¾ããìãà ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãàöãè, ½ããÞãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãŠ ã ã ããè ã ã ãñš Ëã¼ãã ããë ããè ØãÀãèºããè ÀñÓãñŒããËãèË ª ããã ¹ããÀ ãñšëã. 12 ̾ãã ãäìã ã ãã¾ããñøããþ¾ãã ã ãìªã ããþãã Ìãã¹ãÀ ãšá ã ÌãããäÎã½ã ãããä ã ½ãâØãÁß¹ããèÀ ãøãà¹ãããäë ãšãâ ããè ãšþãàã ãäìãêöñìãã ¹Ëú ¼ããÀËñ ããöãè ã. ãä ã.¹ã. Þãñ ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ËñŒ¾ããâ ãã ãâãä ã½ã Á¹ã ªñ ¾ãã ã ãäìãëâºã Öãñ ãã. ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ãšá ã ºããâ ãëñê¾ãã ãä ã¾ãâ ã ãš ºããâ ããâ½ã ¾ãñ Øããß ÔããÞã ãñ ÀãñŒã ¾ããÔããŸãè ããìãî¾ã ãš ÔãâÀÞã ãã ºããâ ãê¾ãã ããöãè ã ãäîã¹ãšãàôããè ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ¹ãì ãèë ºããºããéÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšàãìããè: ãä ãêöã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ôããä½ã ããè ãñ ãä ãêûããþ¾ãã ãîš ã ãäìã ãšãôããôããÿãè ãš ãšã ½ããè ãðš ã ãä ãêöã ¾ããñ ã ãã ã¾ããà ãšàãìããè. ããàãñø¾ã ªñŒãÀñŒã ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãî ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã½ã ããèë ãì ãè ãã ã ¾ããÔããŸãè ÔãÌãóàã ã ãšàãìãñ. ½ã ¾ãã Ö ¼ããñ ã ã ¾ããñ ã ãñœããëãè Œãã²ã ªñ ¾ãã ã ̾㠾ã¾ã ¾ãñ ããà ããöãè ¾ããÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšàãìããè. 32

124 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã II - ãä ãêöã ãòšãä³ ã ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ÔÌã ãã ã¾ãâ ããè ÔÌãÀãñ ãøããà ¾ããñ ã ããþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšãà ãš ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ããþããè ãä ããäîþã ããè, Ëà¾ã ŸñÌãʾãã ãñ Ëã¼ãã ããê ØãÀãèºããè ÀñÓãñÞ¾ãã ÌãÀ ãã ãëñ ãã ããèë ¾ããÔããŸãè ãšàãìããè. ãøãà ¹ãããäË ãšãâ½ã ¾ãñ ãšþãàã ̾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¼ããÀ ãñ ÌããäÀ ã ãšàãìãñ. ãä ã¾ãâ ã ã ºããâ ãã ã Øããß ÔããÞã ãñ ÀãñŒã ¾ããÔããŸãè Øãùãäºã¾ã ã ÔãâÀÞã ãã ºããâ ã ¾ããÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšàãìããè ãããä ã ãä ãêöã ¹ããäÀÓãªãâÞãñ ÌãããäÓãà 㚠ËñŒãñ ÔããªÀ ãšà ãñ, ½ãã ¾ã ãã ªñ ãñ Ìã ¹ãÆ ãšãîããè ã ãšà ãñ ÌãñßñÌãÀ ãšà ¾ããÞããè ãä ããäîþã ããè ãšàãìããè. Öãè ºããºã ÎããÔã ããëã ããù ã ãñºãà 2012 ½ã ¾ãñ ãä ãªóãäîã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëãè. ¾ããÞãñ ãà ãã ãñìããàãè 2013 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆãä ããäàã ã Öãñ ãñ. 33

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128 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III ̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäìã¼ããøã Ìã ãäìã¼ããâøããîããè ÔãâËØ ã, ãšã¾ããàãñ ã ãôãñþã ÔÌãã¾ã ã ÔãâÔ ãã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ã¹ãšàã ã¹ãšà/øãõà ãäìããä ã¾ããñøã, Ôãã ã ã Ôãã½ãØãÆãèÞ¾ãã ̾ãÌãÔ ãã¹ã ãã ããèë ãì ãè, ãä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãã, ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã ãããä ã ãšã ãšôãà ¾ãã Ôãâºãâ ããè ãôãëñëñ ãä ã ãšóã ¹ããß ¾ãã ããèë ã¹ã¾ãîã ¾ããâÞããè ã ãñ ãš ªãÖÀ ãñ ãã ßËãè. 3.1 ãš¹ã ãè¹ã ãã ãñ ¹ãõÔãñ ãšã ãñ/ ã¹ãšàã ã¹ãšà/ ã¹ãöãà/öããä ã Êãºãã ãèþãñ ¹ãƪã ã ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã ãâš ãã ã ããèêã ã ãé¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãâºãà Üãñ ãê¾ããþããè ½ãîß ãäºã ã ãšñ ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ` ÊããŒããÞããè ¹ãƪã ãñ ãñšê¾ããþãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã Œããñ ãã ¹ãƪã ããâ½ã ¾ãñ ããêãã, Ö ãã ãäºã ã ãšãâþ¾ãã œã¾ããâ ãšãè ã ¹ãÆãä ã ¾ãã ãã ããàñ ¹ãƪã ã ½ãã ¾ã ãšñëñ Öãñ ãñ ¾ãã Œããñ ãã ãôãê¾ããþãñ ÊãñŒãã¹ããäÀàã ããâ ã ãã ßî ã ããêãñ. 76 ãä ãš.½ããè. ½ãÊÖãÀ¹ãñŸ - ¹ãâ À¹ãîÀ À㠾㠽ãÖã½ããØããÃÞ¾ãã ÊããâºããèÞ¾ãã Ôãì ããà ¾ããÞãñ ãšã½ã ½ãñÔãÔãà ¾ãì.¹ããè. ºããØãÊã, ÔããñÊãã¹ãîÀ ( ãâš ãã ªãÀ) Ö ããâ ãã ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã, ¹ãâ À¹ãîÀ, ãä ãêöã ÔããñÊãã¹ãîÀ (EE) Ûããâ ããè ` 1.48 ãšãñ ãé ãã ãäªêãñ (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2008). ãšã½ããþãñ ããªñîã ãäªê¾ãã¹ããôãî ã Öñ ãšã½ã ããÿ ½ããäÖ ¾ããâ ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ ½Ö ã ãñ ããù ã ãòºãà 2008 ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã. ãâš ãã ã ããèêã ã ãé¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ÔÌãŒãÞããà ãñ ¹ãÆãä ããäóÿ ã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäà¹ãšã¾ã ãàãè ãš î ã Üãã ãš ¹ãƽãã ãã ã ãâºãà ŒãÀñªãè ãšàš ã ãã ããìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ. ¹ãì ñ ãâš ãã ã ã ãäìãöãè ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ã ãé¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãäà¹ãšã¾ã ãàãè ãš î ã Üãñ ãêãñê¾ãã ãâºãàãþãñ ½ãîß ÞãÊãã ã ãããä ã ãä ãäêãìöàãè ½ãñ½ããñ ¹ãƼããÀãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã Ûããâ ãã ÔããªÀ ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ Ìã ¾ããÞããè ããòª ¾ãã ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ½ããñ ã ããè ¹ãìÔ ã ãšã½ã ¾ãñ ãšà ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš Öãñ ãñ. Ôã¹ òºãà 2008 ãñ ããù ã ãòºãà 2008 Þ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ¹ãƪã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ÞããÊãî ÊãñŒãã ãäºãêããâþããè (Running Account Bills) ã¹ããôã ããè ãšà ããâ ãã (½ããÞãà 2010) ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ` ÊããŒããÞãñ ½ãñ.. ãâºãà ãñ ãäöâªìô ãã ã ¹ãñ ÈãñãäÊã¾ã½ã ãšãù¹ããóàñîã ã (HPCL) ãš î ã ŒãÀñªãè ãñšêãñ Öãñ ãñ, ŒãÀñªãèÞ¾ãã ãäºã ã ãšãâþ¾ãã ½ãîß ¹ãÆ ããè ñìã ããè Þããõªã ãäºã ã ãšãâþ¾ãã œã¾ããâãä ãš ã ¹ãÆãä ã ÞããÊãî ÊãñŒãã ãäºãêããâºãàãñºãà ããñ ¾ãã ã ããê¾ãã Öãñ ¾ãã. ãšãöãè ãäºã ã ãšãâìãàãèêã ãä ãäêãìöàãè ÞãÊãã ã ãâºãà ÔããÀŒãã, ¹ãÀâ ãì ããàœãã ÌãñØãß ãã ãôãê¾ãã½ãìßñ, ãäºã ã ãšãâþããè Ôã ¾ã ãã ¹ã ããß ¾ããÔããŸãè, HPCL, ½ãâìºãƒÃ ãš ñ Êã ã¹ããôã ããè ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêããè. HPCL, ½ãâìºãƒÃ ãñ Öãè ããà ãã ¹ã ã ãšãè ãñšêããè (½ãñ 2010 ãããä ã 2011) ãšãè, 14 ¹ãõ ãšãè œã¾ããâãä ãš ã ¹ãÆãä ãìãà ŒãÀñªãè ãñšêãñêãñ ` ÊããŒããÞãñ ½ãñ.. ãâºãà ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêãñ ãìö ãñ. ÛããÌãÁ ã ãôãñ ãä ãªîãã ããôã ¾ãñ ãñ ãšãè, ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ãâºãà ŒãÀñªãèÞ¾ãã ¹ãìÓŸã ãã ÔããªÀ ãñšêãñêããè ãäºã ã ãñš Œããñ ãè Öãñ ããè. Öñ ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã ããêãñ ãããä ã ãâãä ã½ã ãäºãêããþãñ ¹ãƪã ã ããêãñ ããöãè (ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2011). ÛããÔããÀŒãñÞã ãš ¹ãÆ ãšà ã ¹ãã ñøããâìã-ªöñøããâìã ÀÔ ãã (Þãñ ãñ ã 33/700 ãñ 35/400) ½ã ãºãì ããè ãšà ããþ¾ãã ºããºã ããè ã ãã ßî ã ããêãñ. Öñ ãšã½ã ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã, 20 ÌãÃÀãè ã ããè ã ãäºã ã ãñš Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãñšëãè ããöãè ã ãšãà ã ããè ãô¹ãó Öãñ ããè.

129 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) ÔãâØã½ã ãñà, ãä ãêöã ãããäîã ãš Ûããâ ããè ½ãñÔãÔãà ÔããƒÃ Îããâ ããè ãš Ô È ã Îã ãá Ûããâ ãã ãäªêãñ ( ããùøãô 2009) Öãñ ãñ. ` ÊããŒã ãä ãâš½ã ããèþãñ ãâš ãã ã ½ããäÖ ¾ããâ ã ½Ö ã ãñ ½ãñ 2010 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ. ½ãñÔãÔãà ÔããƒÃ Îããâ ããè ãš Ô È ã Îã ãá ÛããâÞ¾ãã ãš î ã ÔããªÀ ãñšêãñêãñ ããÿ ¹ãõ ãšãè ããè ã ãä ãäêãìöàãè ÞãÊãã ã, ãñ ½ãñ.. (` ÊããŒã) ãâºãà ŒãÀñªãèÞ¾ãã ¹ãìÓŸã ãã ÊããÌãÊãñ Öãñ ãñ, ¾ããÞããè ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ªÊãã ãš î ã HPCL ãš ñ Êã ã¹ããôã ããè (Ôã¹ ñâºãà 2011) ãñšêããè ãôã ãã ãôãñ ãä ãªîãã ããôã ããêãñ ãšãè, ÔãªÀãèÊã ãäºãêãñ HPCL Þ¾ãã ãä½ãã ãêã½ã ¾ãñ ã¾ããà ãñšêããè ãìö ããè. ãâš ãã ã ããèêã ã ãé¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ½ãîß ãäºã ã ãñš ¹ãÆã¹ ã ã ãšà ãã ãããä ã ã½ãîª ãñšêãñê¾ãã 14 ãäºã ã ãšãâþ¾ãã œã¾ããâãä ãš ã ¹ãÆ ããéþããè Ôã ¾ã ãã ã ¹ã ããß ãã ãñšêãñêããè ` ÊããŒããâÞããè 21 Œããñ ãè ¹ãƪã ãñ ãâ ãøãã ã ã¹ããôã ããè ãêãã ãš½ã ãìšìã ã¹ã ãã ãããä ã Êãºãã ãè ªÎãÃãäÌã ããñ. Öñ ¹ãÆ ãšà ã ÎããÔã ãã ãš ñ Ôãâªãä¼ãà ã ãñšêãñ ( ãî ã 2012); ã ãî ã ãà ¹ãÆãä ãàãã ããè ã ( ãã ãñìããàãè 2013) ããöñ. 3.2 ãä ã¾ã½ã ãããä ã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ããâþãñ ã ãì¹ããë ã ã ãšà ãñ ½ã ãºãì ã ã ããì¾ãìãô ãã ãããä ã ãããä ãã ãš ãä ã¾ãâ ã ããôããÿãè Ôãàã½ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ããè ããàãè ãšñëñëñ ãä ã¾ã½ã ãããä ã ããªñîã ¾ããâ ãã ã ãìôãàš ã ŒãÞãà ãšà ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš ããöñ. ¾ãã½ãìßñ ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãã, ØãõÀãäÌããä ã¾ããñøã ãããä ã ã¹ãšàã ã¹ãšà ¾ããâ ãã ããßã ºãÔãî ã ã½ã ãããä ãã ãš ãäîãô ã ÀãÖ ãñ. ãä ã¾ã½ã ãããä ã ããªñîã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ÊËâÜã ããþããè ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãã ßËñËãè ¹ãÆ ãšà ãñ ¹ãì ãèë ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããöñ ã: ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ãâš ãã ã ãèâþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ãñšê¾ãã ãñ ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ããä ããäà ãš ŒãÞãÃ. ãâš ãã ãþ¾ãã ã ãèâþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ãšá ã ããä ããäà ãš ºããºã ªÀÔãîÞããè ªãÌãã ÔÌããè ãðš ã ãñšê¾ãã ãñ ` 3.73 ãšãñ ãèþãã ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ããä ããäà ãš ŒãÞãÃ. ãã¹ããè ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ß (TIDC) 22 ãâ ãøãã ã ãôãëñëñ, ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÊãÜãì ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøã, ãßøããâìã (EE) ¾ããâ ããè ããêãî ãšã- Àâ ãñë ãä ãêöã- ãßøããìã ¾ãñ ããèë Ñããè ¹ãª½ãã˾ããá-II, ãà ããþãñ Ôãâ ãšê¹ã ã, ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ìã ºããâ ã ãšã½ããþãñ ãšã½ã ãš½ãìî ã ãšâ ãã ¹ã ããè ãñ ` ãšãñ ãèëã (ãä ããäìãªñ ããèë ` ãšãñ ãè ãä ãšâ½ã ããèþ¾ãã 4.89 ã ãñš ããä ã ãš) ãšâ ãã ªãÀãÔã ãäªêãñ (½ããÞãà 2002). Öñ ãšã½ã 84 ½ããäÖ ¾ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ (½ããÞãà 2009). ãšâ ãã ã ããèë ãäìãîãñóã ã ãèâ ¹ãƽãã ãñ (1) ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ªñ ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê ÔãÌãà ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ÔãããäÖ ¾ãã Ôãâºãâ ããè ãããä ã Ô ãããä ã ãš ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããè ºãªªáÊã ÔÌã ã:ëã ãìãøã ã ãšá ã Üãñ ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš Öãñ ãñ. (2) ãâš ãã ãš½ãìî ã ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ãããä ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÞãã ªñ ãšãà Öã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ÔÌã ã:þ¾ãã Ôãâ ãšê¹ã ããìãà ãã ãããäà ã ãôãê¾ãã ãšãà ãã ãñ, ãšâ ãã ªãÀãÔã ããä ããäà ãš ºããºã ãããä ã ãäìããä ã¾ã ªãÌãã ã ãì ãñ¾ã ãìö ãã. EE ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœ¾ããâþ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããè ã ( ããù ã ãñºãà 2010) ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ½ãâ ãîà ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ Øãã¼ãã ¼ãÀ ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ÊããØã ããàãè 9,45,435 Üã ã ½ããè À (Üã.½ããè.) ãšãßãè ½ãã ããè ºãì ãè ã àãñ ãã ãî ã ªãñ ã ãñ ããè ã ãä ãš.½ããè. ãâ ãàãìãá ã ãã ããìã¾ããþããè Öãñ ããè. ¹ãÀâ ãì ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ¹ãŠ ãš 1,83,012 Üã.½ããè ãšãßãè ½ãã ããè ºãìãä ã àãñ ãã ãî ã ãã ãêããè Ìã ÌãÃãäÀ ã 7,62,423 Üã.½ããè. ãšãßãè ½ãã ããè Œãã ãøããè àãñ ãã ãî ã ããÿ ãä ãš.½ããè ãâ ãàãìãá ã ãã ãêããè Ìã Ö¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ããä ãàã ãš ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ãßøããâìã ½ãñ.¾ãì.¹ããè. ºããØãË ãâš Ô È ã Îã ã ` ËãŒããÞããè 11 ãäºã ã ãñš ãããä ã ½ãñ.ÔããƒÃ Îããâ ããè ãâš Ô È ã Îã ã ` ËãŒããÞããè ããè ã ãäºã ã ãñš = ` ËãŒã Tapi Irrigation Development Corporation 36

130 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ½ãâ ß, ãßøããâìã ¾ããâ ããè ` 3.73 ãšãñ ãèþããè ããä ããäà ãš ºããºã ªÀÔãîÞããè ½ãâ ãîà ãñšêããè ( ãìêãõ 2009), ¾ãã½ãìßñ ãšâ ãã ã ããèë ã ãèâþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã Öãñ Š ã ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ŒãÞãà ãšàãìãã ËãØãËã. ãã ãñìããàãè 2011 ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ` 2.66 ãšãñ ãè ¹ãƪã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ (36 Ìãñ ÞããËî ªñ¾ã ãš). EE ¾ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ( ããù ã ãñºãà 2010) ãšãè, ºãìãä ã àãñ ãã ããèêã ªãñ ã ãñ ããè ã ãä ãš.½ããè ãâ ãàãìãà ããìãî¾ã ãš ¹ãƽãã ãã ã ãšãßãè ½ãã ããè ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãôãê¾ãã ºã Êã ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ÌããÀâÌããÀ ÔãìãäÞã ã ãñšêãñ Öãñ ãñ Ìã ªãÌãã ÔããªÀ ãñšêãã. ãšã½ã ãäìããäö ã ½ãìª ããè ã ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã 7,62,423 Üã.½ããè. ãšãßãè ½ãã ããè ããÿ ãä ãš.½ããè. ÌãÁ ã ãã ã ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš Öãñ ãñ, ½Ö ãî ã ` 3.73 ãšãñ ãèþãã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÞãã ªãÌãã ½ãâ ãîà ãšàš ã ¹ãƪã ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñËñ. Öñ ãà ÔÌããè ãšãà ¾ãã ããñøãñ ãìö ãñ ãšãà ã ãšâ ãã ã ããèë ãäìãîãñóã ã ãèâ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ÔããªÀ ãšà ¾ãã¹ãîÌããèà ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ãäÿ ãšã ããºã Êã ÔÌã ã:ëã ãìãøã ã ãšàš ã Ôã½ãã ãã ã ãšá ã ܾããÌã¾ããÞãñ Öãñ ãñ Ìã ããä ããäà ãš ºããºã Ìã ãäìã ããè¾ã ªãÌãã ãšâ ãã ªãÀãÔã ã ãì ãñ¾ã ãìö ãã. EE Þãñ ½Ö ã ãñ ãšãè, ãšã½ããþããè ã½ãâêãºã ããìã ããè ½ãìª ããè ã ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ã ãèâþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ãñšêãñ Öñ àããè ã ããöñ ãšãà ã ãìêãõ 2012 ¹ã¾ãÃâ 㠹㊠㚠58 ã ãšñþã ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã ããêãñêãñ Öãñ ãñ. (ãäìããäö ã ½ãìª ã ½ããÞãà 2009). Öãè ºããºã ÎããÔã ãã ãš ñ ¹ããŸãäÌã ¾ãã ã ããêããè (½ããÞãà 2012). ãà ¹ãÆãä ããäàã ã ããöñ ( ãã ãñìããàãè 2013) ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããªã ŒãÞãà ãòš³ ÎããÔã ããþããè Ìã ãôãâààã ã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1980 ãâ ãøãã ã ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè ã Üãñ ãã ãšãêãì¾ããþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã ºãªËʾãã½ãìßñ ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøããôã ` ãšãñ ãèþãã ãß ãã¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããªã ŒãÞãà ãšàãìãã ÊããØãÊãã. Ìã ãôãâìã ãã ã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1980 ãìôããà Ìã ã ã½ããè ã ã ãìãã ¾ãã ã½ããè ããèþãã Œããªã ¼ããØã Ìã ãñ ãà ãšã½ããôããÿãè Ìãã¹ãÀ ¾ããÔããŸãè ãòš³ ÎããÔã ããþããè ¹ãîÌãà Ôãâ½ã ããè Üãñ ãñ ããä ãìãã¾ãã ããöñ. ãäþãâþããßã ÎããŒãã ãšãêãì¾ããþ¾ãã ãäþãâþããßã ãäìã ãàãè ãšã ãä ãš.½ããè. ãš ãñ 10 Þãñ ½ãã ããè ãšã½ã, ºããâ ã ãšã½ã Ìã ãô ãàãè ãšà ããþãñ ãšã½ã ½ããÞãà 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ ãšã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ` ãšãñ ãè Êãã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñ. Öñ ãšã½ã 36 ½ããäÖ ¾ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ (½ããÞãà 2010). ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, Ìãà ¹ãõ ãøãâøãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãäìã¼ããøã ãâš. 6, ããâªñ (EE) ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ªÔ ããìãñ ããâþ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããè ã (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2011) ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ½ããÞãà 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ ¼ãî½ããè ããä ãøãæö ããþ¾ãã Ìãñßãè ãäìã¼ããøããè¾ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ãã Öñ ãìãøã ã Öãñ ãñ ãšãè ãäþãâþããßã ÎããŒãã ãšãêãì¾ããþããè ÔãìÁÌãã ããèþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã Ìã ã ã½ããè ããè ãî ã ãã ã ããöñ Ìã ¾ãã½ãìßñ Ìã ãôãâìã ãã ã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1980 ãâ ãøãã ã ãòš³ ÎããÔã ããþããè ¹ãîÌãà ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè Üãñ ãñ ããä ãìãã¾ãã ããöñ. ¹ã ã Öãè ãšã¾ãªñîããèà ãä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãã ªìÊãÃãäàã ã ãšá ã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ. ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè Ôãã ãì¾ãã ÞããÊãî ªñ¾ã ãšã ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã ` 8.22 ãšãñ ãéþãñ ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã ããëñ ãôã ããâ ãã, Ìã ããäìã¼ããøã, ããâªñ ¾ããâ ããè ãäìã ãàãè ãñšþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã ãëãâ ãš ãš½ããâ ãš 5,900 ½ããè À ãñ 9,200 ½ããè À Ìã ã ã½ããè ããè ãî ã ãã ã ããöñ Ìã Ìã ã ã½ããè ã ããä ãøãæö ããôããÿãè ãòš³ ÎããÔã ããþããè ¹ãîÌãà ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè Üãñ ãëñêããè ããöãè ¾ãã ãšãà ããô ãìã Ôã¹ òºãà 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ãšã½ã ºã⪠ãñšêãñ. ãîãã Ìãñßãè ãòš³ ÎããÔã ããþããè Ôãâ½ã ããè ãä½ãßãäìã ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ¹ãÆ ãšà ã ¹ããŸãäÌã ¾ãã õìã ããè, ããä ãàã ãš ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, Ìãà ¹ãõ ãøãâøãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ½ãâ ß, ããâªñ ¾ããâ ããè ãñšâ³ ÎããÔã ãã ãš î ã Ìã ã ã½ããè ããèþ¾ãã Ìã ãñ ãà Ìãã¹ãÀã ãšàãè ãã ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè ãä½ãßãäìã ãñ Ìãñߌãã Š ããöñ ¾ãã ãšãà ããô ãìã ¹ã¾ããþããè ÔãâÀñŒãñ ãšàãè ãã ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè ãäªëãè ( ããñìöòºãà 2008) ¾ãã½ã ¾ãñ ãšÿãè ã Œã ãšã ããèë ºããñØ㪠ããþãñ Œããñª ãšã½ã Ôãã. ãš. 5,360 ½ããè. ãñ 7,430 ½ããè. ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã ãšàãìãñ ÊããØã ã Öãñ ãñ. ¾ãã½ãìßñ ãä ããäìãªñ ããèêã Œããñª ãšã½ããþãñ ¹ããäÀ½ãã ã 37

131 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) 27,118 Üã.½ããè. ÌãÁ ã 87,966 Üã.½ããè 23. ƒ ã ãñš Ìãã Êãñ. ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè ÎããÔã ããëã ãšâ ãã ªãÀãÔã ãä ããäìãªã ãšêã½ã 38 ¹ãƽãã ãñ ` ãšãñ ãèþãñ (` 3, ¹ãÆãä ã Üã.½ããè.) ããªã ¼ãìØã ãã ã ãä¹ãæë 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ãšàãìãñ ÊããØãÊãñ ãñ ãß ¾ãã ããñøãñ Öãñ ãñ. Ôã¹ òºãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã ãšã½ã ÞããÊãî Öãñ ãñ Ìã ` ãšãñ ãèþãã ŒãÞãà ããêãã ¾ãã½ã ¾ãñ ãšêã½ã 38 ãâ ãøãã ã ãšñëñê¾ãã ` ãšãñ ãèþ¾ãã ŒãÞããÃÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ãã. ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ½ãã ¾ã ãšñëñ ( ããùøãô 2012) ãšãè ãä ãêöããä ã ãšãàãè ããâªñ ¾ããâ ããè ¼ãî½ããè ããä ãøãæö ããþãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ÔããªÀ ãñšêãã ¾ããÌãñßãè ¹ãÆÔ ãããäìã ã ÔãâÀñŒãã Ìã ã ã½ããè ããè ãî ã ãã ã Öãñ ããè. ¹ãì ñ ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãôãñ Öãè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè Öã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ÌãñØãÌããä ãã ã ãäôãâþã ã Êãã¼ã ãšã¾ãã ãš½ãã ã ãâ ã¼ãîã ã Öãñ ãã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ¹ãÆÔ ãããäìã ã ãäôãâþã ã àã½ã ãã ãä ã½ããã ã ãšà ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš Öãñ ãñ; ¹ã ã ½ããØããèË ã ãì¼ãìã ãôãñ ããöñ ã ãšãè, ãšñâªæ ÎããÔã ãã ãš ñ Ìã ã ã½ããè ã ããä ãøãæö ããþ¾ãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìããôã ½ãâ ãìàãè ãä½ãß ¾ããÔã Œãì¹ã ÎããèÀ Öãñ ããñ Ìã ¹ãÆÔ ãì ã ¹ãÆ ãšãà ãã ã ¹ãÆÔ ãããäìã ã ãäôãâþã ã àã½ã ãã ãä ã½ããã ã Öãñ ¾ããÔã ãäìãêãâºã ããêãã ãôã ãã ½Ö ãî ã ãä ããäìãªã ãâ ãøãã ã ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãšàš ã Ìã Ìã ã ã½ããè ã ÌãØãßì ã ¹ã¾ããþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã ãâãä ã½ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêããè ãñ ãñ ãšàš ã ÊãÌã ãšàã ã ÊãÌã ãšà ãäôãâþã ããþãã Êãã¼ã ãä½ãßñë. ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ¹ãì ñ ãôãñ Öãè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ãšãè, ãàãè ÔãìÁÌãã ããèþ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããèþ¾ãã Ìãñßãè Ìã ã ã½ããè ã ãã ßÊããè ãôã ããè ãàãè Ôã ¾ããÞããè ¹ã¾ããþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã ¾ãã ãìôããà ãšã½ã ãñšêãñ ØãñÊãñ ããöñ ÖãèÞã ãšãêãì¾ããþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã ÀãÖãèËãè ãôã ããè ãããä ã ½Ö ãî ã ããªã ŒãÞãà ããêãã ããöãè. ¹ãÀâ ãì ÌãÔ ãìãäô ã ããè ãîããè ããöñ ãšãè ¹ã¾ããþããè ÔãâÀñŒãñÞãñ ã䪪áó ãäôãâþã ããþãã Êãã¼ã ÌãñßñÌãÀ ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãšá ã ²ããÌãã Öñ Öãñ ãñ ¹ãÀâ ãì ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ÀãºããäÌã ¾ãã ã 2½ ÌãÓãà ÎããèÀ ããëã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ã: ã䪪áó ¹ãî ãã ããëñ ããöãè Ìã ` ãšãñ ãèþãã ããªã ŒãÞãà Öãè ããêãã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ØãõÀÌãã ãìããè ¹ãŠã¾ãªã ªãñ ã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ßã ãñ ããè ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã Àñ ãè¾ãêã ªÀÌãã ãñ ¼ããÀ ããè Ìã ƒ ãà ã ãìîãâøããè ãš ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãòš³ãè¾ã ¹ã㪠ÎãìÊ ãš ãâ ã¼ãîã ã ãšà ¾ããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãâ ãã ` 9.44 ãšãñ ãè Þãã ØãõÀÌãã ãìããè ¹ãŠã¾ãªã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãã. ãšñâªæãè¾ã ¹ã㪠ã ÎãìÊ ãš ( ãšñ Îãì) õàãè¹ãš Þ¾ãã ÔããÌãÃãä ã ãš Ôãì ãæš½ããâ ãš 53 ¹ãƽãã ãñ ÔãÌãà ÌãÔ ãì ¾ãã ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ããøããè ºããâ ã ãšã½ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãŠùºãÆãè ãšñ ãšñê¾ãã ãã ãã ã ¾ããÌãÀ ãšñ Îãì Þãã ªÀ ãä ãàâ ãš ãôã ããñ. ãäì㪼ãã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ß (ãäìã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè) ãããä ã ãã¹ããè ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ßãÞ¾ãã ( ãè ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè) ªãñ ã 24 ãäìã¼ããøãã ããèêã ããè ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãñ 25 Àñãä ¾ãÊã ªÀÌãã ãñ, ¼ãñ ãäêã¹ã ªÀÌãã ãñ ãããä ã ƒ ãà ã ãìîãâãäøã ãš ãšã½ããþãñ ¹ãŠùãäºãÆ ãñšîã ã ãããä ã ¼ããÀ ããèþããè ãšã½ãñ 3 ãâš ãã ªãÀãâ ãã ããñìöòºãà 2006 ãããä ã ããùøãô 2008 Þ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã Ôããñ¹ããäÌãʾãã ØãñÊããèû Öãè ãšã½ãñ ½ãñ 2009 ãããä ã ããù ã ãñºãà 2012 Þ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþããè Öãñ ããèû 23 ãä ããäìãªñ ããèêã ¹ããäÀ½ãã ã Üã.½ããè. ãä ããäìãªñ ããèêã ã ãè ¹ãƽãã ãñ 125 ã ãšñ ¹ããäÀ½ãã ã Üã.½ããè. ãìããè ã ÔãâÀñŒãã ¹ãƽãã ãñ ã¹ãñãäàã ã ãšî ã ¹ããäÀ½ãã ã Üã.½ããè. Ìã ããªã ¹ããäÀ½ãã ã (125 ã ã ¾ãã¹ãñàãã ããô ããèþãñ) Üã.½ããè. 24 ( ã) ãìßñ ½ã ¾ã½ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã, ãäìã¼ããøã ãšû I ãìßñ (TIDC); (ºã) Ìãã ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãäìã¼ããøã, ÎãñØããâÌã, ãä ãêöã ºãìÊã ã ãã (VIDC) 25 i) Ìãà ¹ããâ ãàã ( ã ã ãšêã ¹ãã ã) ½ã ¾ã½ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ããêãì ãšã Ôãã ãšãè Üãìßñ ii) Ìãã ãè ÎãñÌã ãè ½ã ¾ã½ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã, ããû ãäôã⪜ãñ ã ãä ãêöã ãìßñ iii) ãä ãøããì㠽㠾ã½ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã, ããû ããâªìàã ãä ãêöã ºãìÊã ã ãã 38

132 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ¾ãã ãäìã¼ããøããâþ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããââþ¾ãã œã ã ããè ã ( ãìêãõ ãããä ã ããù ã ãòºãà 2011) ãôãñ Üã ãšãèôã ããêãñ ãšãè, ãšñ Îãì 16 ãñ ã ãšñ ªÀã ãñ Àñãä ¾ãÊã ªÀÌãã ãñ Ìã ƒ ãà ã ãìîãâãäøã ãš ãšã½ããâþ¾ãã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã Ìã ãä ããäìãªñþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓŸ `ºã' ½ã ¾ãñ Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ Öãñ ãñ. ã ãããä¹ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãâ ããè ãšþþãã ½ããÊã ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ããøããè ãã ãì ã Ìã ¹ãŠùãäºãÆ ãñš ãšá ã ªÀÌãã ãñ Ìã ƒ ãà ãšã½ããþããè ¼ããÀ ããè ãñšê¾ãã½ãìßñ ãšñ Îãì ¹ãƪã ã ãšà ¾ããÞããè ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã ãìö ããèû ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ããè Ûãã ºããºããéÞãã ªÀ ãšñ Îãì ÊããÌãì ã ãšã ʾããÞãã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãâ ãã ` 9.44 ãšãñ ãéþãã ØãõÀÌãã ãìããè ¹ãŠã¾ãªã Öãñ ¾ãã ã ããêãã ¹ãõ ãšãè ` 4.61 ãšãñ ãè ½ãñ 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãƪã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñêãñ Öãñ ãñû ¾ããÞãã ã¹ããäîãêã ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ ãšû 3.1 ½ã ¾ãñ ãäªêãñêãã ããöñû ÎããÔã ãã ãàñ (Ôã¹ òºãà 2012) ãôãñ ÔããâØã ¾ãã ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ãäìã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè Þ¾ãã ãâ ãøãã ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããìãà ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ Àñ ãè¾ãêã ªÀÌãã ¾ããÞãñ ¼ããØã ÔÌã ã:þ¾ãã ãš½ããîããßñ ã ã¾ããà ãñšêãñ Ìã ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ããñ ãšñ Îãì ¹ãƪã ã ãšàñêã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ØãõÀ Ìãã ãìããè ¹ãŠã¾ãªã ããêãã Öñ ½Ö ã ãñ ºãÀãñºãÀ Öãñ ããà ããöãèû ÌãÀãèÊã ãà ½ãã ¾ã Öãñ ¾ããÔããÀŒãñ ããöãè ãšãà ã ãšâ ãã ªãÀãÊãã ¹ãããäª ã ÌãÔ ãì ãšãàœãã ¾ãã ãì ã/¹ããäàôãàã ãì ã ºããÖñÀ ãñ ããâ ãã ãšñ Îãì ¼ãÀãÌãñ ÊããØã ãñ. ÌãÃÀãè ã ãè ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ãâ ãøãã ã ªãñ ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ºããºã ããè ã ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãôãñ ÔããâãäØã ãêãñ ãšãè ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãšñ Îãì ¾ãã ØãÆÖãè ããìãà ãà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ ãšãè ãâš ãã ªãÀ ªÀÌãã ãñ Ìã ã ãìîãâøããè ãš ¼ããØã ãìßñ ¾ãñ ããèêã ãš½ããîããßñ ã ¹ãããäª ã ãšàñêãû ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ¹ãì ñ ãôãñöãè ã½ãìª ãñšêãñ ãšãè ãà ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãšñ Îãì ãàêãñ ãôã ãñ ãà ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãàñ ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ããøããè ãš½ããîããßã ¼ããÀ ¾ããÞãã Ìã ã ãìîãâøããè ãš ŒãÞããÃÞãã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãâ ã¼ãããìã ãšàãìãã ÊããØãÊãã ãôã ããû Öñ ãà ½ãã ¾ã ãšà ¾ããÔããÀŒãñ ããöãè ãšãà ã ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ããøããè ¹ãùŠºãÆãè ãñšîã ã ãñšêãñ Ìã ãšñ Îãì ½ãã¹ãŠãèÞãã ¹ãŠã¾ãªã Üãñ ãêãã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ÔãìÁÌãã ããèêããþã ãšñ Îãì Þãã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãâ ã¼ãããìã ãšà ãñ Þãì ãšãèþãñ Öãñ ãñû ¹ãÊ㺠㠹ãìÀã̾ããÌãÁ ã ãôãñ ãäªôã ãñ ãšãè, ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ Workshop charges Àñ ãè¾ãêã Øãñ ¹ãùŠºãÆãè ãñš ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãã ããèþã ãàëñëñ Öãñ ãñ ¾ãã½ãìßñ ÎããÔã ããþãñ ½Ö ã ãñ ÌãÔ ãìô ããè ããèìãà ãã ããàãè ã ããöãèû ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ¼ãìØã ãã ã ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ 8 ÌãÓããùãîÌããê ¹ãî ãã ããêãñê¾ãã ºããñØ㪠ããþ¾ãã ªìÂÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºã ½Ö ãî ã ãäªê¾ãã ãñ ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ãä ã¾ã½ããìãêããèþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ããêãñ ããöãè ãà ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ` 0.99 ãšãñ ãèþãñ ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ¼ãîØã ãã ã ããêãñ. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã ( ½ã¹ããè ºÊãî) ãä ã¾ã½ããìãêããèþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀÞœñª 200 ã ãìôããà, ½ãîß ãâš ãã ãþãñ ãšã½ã Ôãì ãôã ãã ãã ¾ããÞ¾ããÎããè ÔãâÊãØ ã ãôã ããå¾ãã ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºããè, ¾ããâÞãñ ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ½ãîß ãâš ãã ã¹ããôãî ã ÔÌã ãâ ã ããäô ã Ìã ãôãî Îã ãš ã ããöãè ãããä ã ãñ ãšã½ã ƒ ãà ¾ãâ ã ããâ½ãã¹ããš ã ãšá ã Üãñ ãñ ÔãìÊã¼ã ããöãè, ãîãã ºããºããé̾ããä ããäà ã ã ƒ ãà ÔãÌãà ãšã½ããâôããÿãè ããöãèà ãä ããäìãªã ½ããØããäÌã ãñ ããä ãìãã¾ãã ããöñû ãäîãìãã¾ã ¹ããäÀÞœñª 228 ã ãìôããà, ãìšÿê¾ããöãè ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºããè ãñšìãß ½ããõãäŒã ãš ããªñîãã ãìôããà ãä ãâšìãã Ôãàã½ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ãäôìã ãðšãä ãþããè ¹ãîÌãà ã¹ãñàãã ºããßØãî ã ãšá ã¾ãñ ãû ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ãä ãêêããàãè Öñ Ìã ã Ôãà ãä ÌÖãè ã ã ãâû 1, ãšãñ ããêã ãš á ã (EE) Ö ããâþ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœ¾ããâþããè ã¹ããôã ããè (ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2011) ãñšêããè ãôã ãã ãôãñ ãäªôãî ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ãä ãêêããàãè ããâ ãààã ¾ããè¾ã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã, ããêãì ãšã ªãñ ã½ããøãã, ãä ãêöã ãäôãâ ãìªìøããêãã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ã, ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ` 1, ãšãñ ãèþããè ãä ãôãàãè ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ½ãã ¾ã ãã ãî ã 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ãäªêããèû ¹ãî ñ ãôãñöãè Êãàãã ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ºããâªã ÎããŒãñÞ¾ãã ãä ãêêããàãè ããâ ãààã ¾ããè¾ã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã 39

133 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) ºããñØ㪠ããþ¾ãã ¼ãì¾ããÀãÞ¾ãã, ãä ãšêããñ½ããè À ã (8,065 ½ããè À) ãããä ã ãä ãšêããñ½ããè À 10 (9,198 ½ããè À) ½Ö ã ãñþã 1,133 ½ããè ÀÞãñ ãšãú ãšãè ãô ãàãè ãšà ããþ¾ãã ºããâ ã ãšã½ããþãñ ¹ã ãšã½ã, ãâªã ããè ã ½ãîʾã ` 2 ãšãñ ãè, ½ãñ. ÌÖãèû ãã¾ã. Îãñ á ãè ãããä ã ãâš¹ã ããèêãã ( ãâš ãã ªãÀ) ãäªêãñ Öãñ ãñ. Ö ãã ãšã½ããþãñ ããªñîã ¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2006 ½ã ¾ãñ, ãšã½ã 12 ½ããäÖ ¾ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšà ããþ¾ãã ã ãèìãà ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñû ½ãñ 2010 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ÌãñßãñÌãñßãè ½ãìª ãìãã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêããè. ãä ãêêããàãè ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãããä ã ããã ãä ãøãã½ã ½ããØããÃÞããè 26 (Irrigation-cum-Power Outlet-ICPO) ããùøãô ãããä ã Ôã¹ òºãà 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ã¹ããôã ããè ãšà ãã, ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ¾ããâ ãã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ºããñØ㪠ããþ¾ãã ÔãØãß ãã ã ÌãÀÞ¾ãã ºãã ãìêãã Ch. 710 ½ããèû ãñ 900 ½ããèû ½ã ¾ãñ (½ãîß Ch Êããâºããè 306 ½ããè. ãñ 1,440 ½ããè.) 13 ãñ 14 ãäÿ ãšã ãþãñ ãšãú ãšãè ãô ãàãè ãšà ã ŒããÊããè ããêãñ Öãñ ãñ ãããä ã ãšãú ãšãè Êãã ¼ãñØãã ¹ã ʾãã Öãñ ¾ããû ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ¾ããâ ããè ããä ãàã ãš ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ¾ããâ ãã ãôãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ÔããªÀ ãñšêãã (8 ããñìöòºãà 2009) ãšãè, ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºããéÞ¾ãã ªÀÔãîÞããè (EIRL) ãâ ãøãã ã Öñ ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ½Ö ã ãñ ½ãñ.ÌÖãè. ãã¾ã. Îãñ á ãè ãããä ã ãâš¹ã ããèêãã ªñ ¾ãã ã ¾ããÌãñ. Öñ ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ¾ãã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊããÞã ªñ ¾ããÞãñ ãšãà ã ãôãñ ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñ Öãñ ãñ ãšãè, ãà ãä ããäìãªã ½ããØãÌãî ã Öñ ãšã½ã ãñšêãñ, ãà ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàã¾ãêãã ããô ã Ìãñß ËãØãËã ãôã ãã. ¹ãÆÔ ããìãã ã ãôãñöãè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ Öãñ ãñ ãšãè, ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ãšã½ã 95 ã ã ¾ããâ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãî ãã ãñšêãñ ããöñ ãããä ã ãâš ãã ªãÀ Öñ ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ãšà ¾ããÔã ã¾ããà Öãñ ããû ããä ãàã ãš ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ¾ããâ ããè Öã ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ¹ãì ñ ããâãä ã ãš ½ãâ ãìàãè ãšàãè ãã ½ã쌾ã ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ¾ããâ ãã ÔããªÀ ãñšêãã (30 ããñìöòºãà 2009)û Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ªÔ ããìãñ ããâþ¾ãã (½ããñ ã½ãã¹ã ¹ãìãäÔ ã ãšã ãããä ã ÞããÊãî ªñ¾ã ãñš) ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè: ½ããñ ã½ãã¹ã ¹ãìãäÔ ã ãñš ¹ãƽãã ãñ ½ãñû Îãñ á ãé ããè ºããñØã²ããÞ¾ãã ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã 17 ããñìöòºãà 2009 Àãñ ããè ÔãìÁ ãñšêãñû ¹ã ã ½ã쌾ã ããä¼ã¾ãâ ¾ããâÞããè ããâãä ã ãš ½ãâ ãìàãè 2 ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2009 Êãã ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêããèû ½Ö ã ãñþã Ôãàã½ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããÞ¾ãã Ôãâ½ã ããè ãã ããèþã ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã Öã ããè Üãñ ¾ãã ã ããëñ ãñ ½ã¹ããè ºÊ¾ãî ãä ã¾ã½ããìãêããèþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀÞœñª ãšû 228 ãäìãá ããöñû ½ããñ ã½ãã¹ã ¹ãìãäÔ ã ãñšþ¾ãã ããòªãè¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ½ãñ. Îãñ á ãèâëã ½ãîß ãšã½ã (ãäôã½ãò ãšãú ãšãè ãô ãàãè ãšà ã) ãñ ¹ãŠñºãÆìÌããÀãè 2006 ½ã ¾ãñ ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñ Öãñ ãñ ãñ ¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãî ãã ããêãñû ¹ã ã ºããñØã²ããÞ¾ãã ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ããñìöòºãà 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ½Ö ã ãñþã 9 ½ãÖãè ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ãâ ãà ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñû ½ãñû Îãñ á ãé ãã ½ãîß ãšã½ãã ãšãäà ãã ` 3.22 ãšãñ ãè ãäªêãñ ãà ªìÁÔ ããèþ¾ãã ãšã½ãã ãšãäà ãã ` 0.99 ãšãñ ãè ããä ã ãš ãªã ãñšêãñ. ½Ö ã ãñþã ¹ãŠãÀ ¹ãîÌããê ½ãñ 2001 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãî ãã ããêãñê¾ãã ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ªîÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ãñ ãšãè ÌãñØãß ãã ãäÿ ãšã ããè Öãñ ãñ ãñ ½ãñ. Îãñ á ãé ãã ãä ããäìãªã ã ºããñÊããäÌã ãã ¹ãƪã ã ãñšê¾ãã ãñ ½ã¹ããè ºÊ¾ãî ãä ã¾ã½ããìãêããèþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀÞœñª ãšû 200 Þãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ããêãñû ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ½Ö Êãñ (½ãñ 2012) ãšãè, ãä ãêêããàãè Öã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È Ìã ØããñÌãã ÎããÔã ããþãã ããâ ãàà㠾㠹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ããöñû ØããñÌãã Àã ¾ãã ã 25 ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2009 ¹ããÔãî ã ãä¹ã ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã Ìã ãäôãâþã ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ããè ªñ ãñ ºãâ ã ã ãšãà ãš Öãñ ãñû ¹ã ã ªìÁÔ ããè ãšàãè ãã Ìãñß ¹ãŠãÀ ãš½ããè Öãñ ããû ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã Öñ ãäìããäîãó ÔÌãÁ¹ããÞãñ Ìã ÌãÀãè ã ãšà ¾ããÞãñ ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ãä ãêêããàãè ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããìãà ¹ããäÔ ã ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã ã ãì¼ãìããè ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãš î ã ¾ãã ãñ ºããâªã ÎããŒãã ãšãêãì¾ããþ¾ãã ã Š Ìã 10 ãä ãš½ããè ½ã ¾ãñ ãšãú ãšãè ãô ãàãè ãšà ããþãñ ãšã½ã ãñšêãñêãñ Öãñ ãñ ¾ããÞã ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãš î ã ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºã ªÀÔãîÞããè ¹ãƽãã ãñ ãšã½ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñû ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ¹ãì ñ ½Ö Êãñ ãšãè Öñ ãšã½ã ¾ãì ¹ãã ãßãèìãà 26 ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2009 ¹ãîÌããê ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ Ìã 26 ãä ãêëãàãè ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ªìÔãÅ ¾ãã ãšã½ããþãñ ¹ã ãšã½ã ãñ ½ãñ 2001 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãì ãã ããëñ Öãñ ãñ. 40

134 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ¾ããÞã ãäªìãîããè ¹ãã ããè Ôããñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñû ªãñ Öãè ãšã½ãñ ãä ãêêããàãè ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ãâ ãøãã ã ãôãê¾ãã½ãìßñ ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãããä ã ØããñÌãã Àã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãä¹ã ¾ããÔããŸãè Ìã ãäôãâþã ããôããÿãè ¹ãã ããè ¹ãìÀÌãŸã Ìãñßñ ã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè Öã ãäö ããþãã ãä ã ãã¾ã Üãñ ¾ãã ã ããêããû ÎããÔã ããþãñ ãà ÌãÔ ãìãäô ã ããèêãã ãá ã ãìö ãñ ½Ö ãî ã ¾ãã ã ãä ããäîþã ã ãñþãã ã¼ããìã ããöñ. ãà ããâ ãààã ¾ã ãšàãàã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ØããñÌãã Àã ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ããè Ôããñ ãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ ãà ½ãñ 2001 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãî ãã ããêãñê¾ãã ºããñØã²ããÞãñ ãä ããäààã ã ãøããñªà ãšàãìã¾ããôã ÖÌãñ Öãñ ãñû ¹ãì ñ ÎããÔã ããþãñ ½Ö ã ãñ ãšãè ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ãô ãßãè ã ãì¼ãìããè ãâš ãã ªãÀ ¹ãÊ㺠ã Öãñ ãã Öñ ½ãã ¾ã ããöãè ãšãà ã ãšãè ½ãñû Îãñ á ãè ããè ½ãîß ãšã½ã ¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2009 ½ã ¾ãñÞã ¹ãî ãã ãñšêãñ Öãñ ãñ ãà ºããñØã²ããÞ¾ãã ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ã Š ½ããäÖ ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ãâ ãà ããñìöòºãà 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñ Öãñ ãñû Ö ãã ¹ãƽãã ãñ ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ºããñØã²ããÞãñ ªìÁÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºã ªÀ ÔãîÞããè ÌãÀ ãäªê¾ãã ãñ ½ã¹ããè ºÊ¾ãî ãä ã¾ã½ããìãêããèþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ãþã ããêãñ ããöãè ãà ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ` 0.99 ãšãñ ãèþãñ ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ¼ãìØã ãã ã Ôãì ã ããêãñû 3.3 ããõãäþã ¾ã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã/Ôã½ã ãã ãããäîãìãã¾ã ãšñëñëã ŒãÞãà ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ãä ã ããè ãî ã ãñšëñê¾ãã ŒãÞããÃÞãñ ¹ãÆããä ã ãšà ã Öñ ããõãäþã ¾ã ãããä ã ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ŒãÞããÃÞ¾ãã ãšã¾ããàã½ã ãñþ¾ãã ã ÌããâÞ¾ãã ½ããØãêÎãà ãã ãîôããà ãôããìãñ. ÔãÌãÃÔãã½ãã ¾ã ̾ããä ã ã ÔÌã ã:þ¾ãã ¹ãõÎãããäÌãÓã¾ããè ¾ãã¹ãƽãã ãã ã ããøãâ ãš ãôã ãñ ãñìã ãèþã ããøãâ ãš ãã ŒãÞãà ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ¹ãÆããä ã ãðš ã ãñšëñê¾ãã ããä ã ãšãå¾ããâ ããè ªãŒãÌããÌããè ãããä ã ¹ãÆ ¾ãñ ãš ¹¹¾ããÌãÀ ãäìã ããè¾ã Ôãì̾ãÌãÔ ãã ãããä ã ãšã ñ ãšãñà ãšã ãšôãà ãâ½ãëã ã ãã ããìããè. ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãñ ãñ ã ããõãäþã ¾ã ãããä ã ããä ããäà ã ã ŒãÞããÃÞããè ¹ãÆ ãšà ãñ Îããñ ãî ã ãšã Ëãè, ¾ãã¹ãõ ãšãè ãšãöãè ŒããËãè ãäªëãè ããöñ ã. ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ¼ãâ ãàã ÎãÖÀã ããèêã ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøã, ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøããîããè ÔãÊËã½ãÔãË ã ãšà ¾ããÔã ã¹ã¾ãîããè ÀãÖãèʾãã½ãìßñ ` ãšãñ ãéþãã ãß ãã¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ããêãã. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ããþ¾ãã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã Ìã ªß ãìãß ã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ããùøãô 1974 Þ¾ãã ããªñîãã ãìôããà ãäôãâþã ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ÔãÌãóàã ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ¾ããâ ããè ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ãã½ãìßñ ãšãñ ã ãñ ÀÔ ãñ ºãã ããè ã Öãñ ããà ããöñ ã ãä ãâšìãã ãšãñ ã ãñ ÀÔ ãñ ¹ãã ¾ããŒããËãè ãã Îã ãš ãã ã ¾ããÞãã ã¹ãîããèêã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ãããä ã ããä ãàã ãš ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ¾ããâ ãã ²ããÌãã, ãñ ãñ ãšá ã ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøããêãã (Ôããâ.ºãã.ãäÌã) ¹ã¾ããþããè ÀÔ ¾ããâÞãñ ÔãÌãóàã ã, ¾ããâÞãñ ã ãšãîãñ Ìã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãš ã¾ããà ãšà ¾ãã ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ÖãñƒÃÊã. ãôãñþã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ãä ÔãòºãÀ 1982 ½ã ¾ãñ ãôãñ ããªñîã ãäªêãñ ãšãè ÀÔ ¾ããÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã Ìã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøã ¾ããâ ããè ãñö½ããèþã ãš½ãñ ãšãâþããè ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè/ ãã ÖÀ ãš ã ¹ãƽãã ã¹ã ã Üãñ ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš ããöñ. ãà ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøããêãã Œãã²ãã ÀÔ ¾ããÞãñ ãšã½ã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ ãôãê¾ããôã ¾ããâ ããè ¹ãÆ ã½ã ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøãã ããèêã Ôãàã½ã àãñ ããè¾ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ãš î ã ã ãšãîãñ Ìã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšãôã ããâãä ã ãš ½ãâ ãìàãè ãä½ãßìããìããè. ãôãñþã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãôã ããâ ãã ãšãöãè ºãªÊã ããê¾ããôã ¾ãã ºãªÊãã ãšàãè ãã ¾ããâÞãñ ããâãä ã ãš ½ããØãêÎãà ã ãããä ã ½ãâ ãìàãè ãä½ãßìããìããè. ØããñÔããèŒãìªÃ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ¹ããÎÌãà ãêããþ¾ãã ã¼¾ããôãã ãìôããà ¼ãâ ãàã ÎãÖÀã ããèêã ãâªã ãñ 2,201 ÜãÀñ ØããñÔããèŒãìªÃ ãäôãâþã ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ¹ããÎÌãà ãëã½ãìßñ ºãã ããè ã Öãñ ããà ãôãê¾ãã ãñ, ½ã쌾ã ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, 41

135 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) ØããñÔããèŒãìªÃ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã, ããøã¹ãîà ¾ããâ ããè ¼ãâ ãàã ÎãÖÀã ãšàãè ãã ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã Ìã ƒ ãà Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ãšã½ããâ ãã ` ãšãñ ãé ãšàãè ãã ããâãä ã ãš ½ãâ ãìàãè ( ãìêãõ 2006) ãäªêããè. ÔãªÀãèÊã ãšã½ã ãšã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ` ãšãñ ãè ã ããñìöòºãà 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ 24 ½ããäÖ ¾ãã ã ½Ö ã ãñ ããñìöòºãà 2009 ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ãäªêãñ. Ôã¹ òºãà 2012 ãœãñà ãšã½ã ÔãìÁÞã Öãñ ãñ Ìã ¾ããÌãÀ ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ããêãã Öãñ ãã ¾ãã ã ` ãšãñ ãéþãã ¹ããÞã ºããºããéÞ¾ãã 28 Ìãã ãèìã ¹ããäÀ½ãã ãã ãšàãè ãã ãšàãà ãã½¾ããþ¾ãã ãšêã½ã 38 ãâ ãøãã ã ãšñëñê¾ãã ŒãÞããÃÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ãã. ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ØããñÔããèŒãìªÃ ¹ãì ãìããôã ã ãäìã¼ããøã, ãâºãã ãè, ãä ãêöã ¼ãâ ãàã (EE) ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœ¾ããâþ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããè ã (½ããÞãà 2010) ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè ¼ãâ ãàã ÎãÖÀãÞ¾ãã ¹ãîÌãÃ-¹ããäÎÞã½ã ãäªîãñ ã Ôãã ãšãñêããè ãš ñ ãã ããàã ÀãÓ Èãè¾ã ½ãÖã½ããØãà 㚽ããâ ãš ÔãÖã Ìã ãà-ªãäàã ã ãäªîãñ ã ãì½ãôãà ãš ñ ãã ããàã À㠾㠽ãÖã½ããØãà 㚽ããâ ãš 271 ãš½ãñ ãšãôã œñª ã Öãñ ãñ. ¾ãã ªãñ ã ½ãÖã½ããØããÄ ãã ãà-¹ãîìãã ãäªîãñ ã ããñ ããàã Ìãß ã ÀÔ ãã ãâš 271( ) Ôãã.ºããâ.ãäÌã Þ¾ãã ããä ã¹ã ¾ããŒããÊããè Öãñ ãã ããñ ØããñÔããèŒãìªÃ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ºãìãä ã àãñ ãã ã ¾ãñ ã Öãñ ãã. ¹ãÆÔ ãããäìã ã ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþããè ÔãâÀñŒãã À㠾㠽ãÖã½ããØãà ãš. 271 ( ) ãããä ã 271 ¾ããâ ãã œñª ã Öãñ ããè. ããù ã ãñºãà 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ Ôãã.ºããâ.ãäÌã ãñ Êãàãã ã ãã ãî ã ãäªêãñ ãšãè ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþããè âþããè ¹ããÞã ãñ Ôãã ã ¹ãîŠ ãôãê¾ãã ãñ Ìãß ã ÀÔ ¾ããÞããè ¹ã¾ããñãäØã ãã ãó Öãñ Îã ãš ãñ. ¾ãã½ãìßñ ÀÖªãÀãè ¼ãâ ãàã ÎãÖÀã ãî ã ÌãßÌããÌããè ÊããØãñÊã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ÀÖªãÀãèÞããè Øãªãê Öãñ ã ã¹ãüãã ã Öãñ Îã ãš ãã ã. Ôãã.ºããâ. ½ãâ ß Ìã ØããñÔããèŒãìªÃ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ½ãâ ß (Øããñ.¹ãÆ.½ãâ) ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããä ãàã ãš ããä¼ã¾ãâ ããâþ¾ãã ããøã¹ãîà ¾ãñ ãñ ãã ãñìããàãè 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ããëñê¾ãã ºãõŸ ãšãè ã ŸÀÊãñ ãšãè ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþããè ½ãã ããáâªãè Ìãã Ìãî ã ¾ããÌãÀ À㠾㠽ãÖã½ããØãà ¹ãÆ ããèþãã Ìãß ã ÀÔ ãã ã¾ããà ãšà ¾ãã ã ¾ããÌãã ¾ãã½ãìßñ Ôãã ãšãñêããè ãš î ã ¾ãñ ããàãè Ìã ãì½ãôãà ãš ñ ãã ããàãè ã ÌããÖ ãî ãš ¼ãâ ãàã ÎãÖÀã ãî ã ãã ããà ããöãè. ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ããñìöòºãà 2007 ½ã ãñþã ãäªêãñ Öãñ ãñ Ìã À㠾㠽ãÖã½ããØãà ¹ãÆ ããèþãã ÀÔ ãã ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèìãà ããè ºããâ ã ¾ããÞãã ãä ã ãã¾ã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøããôããñºã ã ÔãÊÊãã½ãÔãÊã ã ãšá ã ãâ ãà ãã ãñìããàãè 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ Üãñ ãê¾ãã½ãìßñ ããä ããäà ãš ºããºããéÞããè ãâ½ãêãºã ããìã ããè ãšã ÌãñØãß ãã ãâš ãã ã ãàñ ãšà ãñ ¼ããØã ¹ã Êãñ. Öñ ããä ã ãšþãñ ãšã½ã ãî ã 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ ãšã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÔã ` ãšãñ ãèëã ½ããäÖ ¾ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñ. ã Š ºããºããé ãšàãè ãã 30, ¾ãã ½ãîß ãâš ãã ã ã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãšà ¾ãã ã ããê¾ãã ãìö ¾ãã, ãñ ãšã½ã ` 6.60 ãšãñ ãèþããè ããä ããäà ãš ºããºã ªÀÔãîÞããè¹ãƽãã ãñ Ìã ãôãñþã ãšêã½ã 38 ãâ ãøãã ã ` 6.44 ãšãñ ãéþãñ 1,24,355 Üã.½ããè. Þãñ ããä ã ãšþãñ ½ãã ããè ãšã½ã Øãã¼ãã àãñ ããþ¾ãã ºããâ ã ãšã½ãã ãšàãè ãã ãä ãìã ãš ÔãããäÖ ¾ããÔãÖ ` ¹ãÆãä ã Üã.½ããè. ãìôããà ¾ããÞã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÔã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñ. ªìÔãÅ ¾ãã ãâš ãã ã ãìôããà ` ãšãñ ãéþãã ŒãÞãà Ôã¹ òºãà 2012 ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã ããêãã Öãñ ãã Ìã ãšã½ã ã ãì ãöãè ÞããÊãì Öãñ ãñ Þ¾ãã ªÀÔãìÞããè¹ãƽãã ãñ ºããºã ãš. 20 ( ã) (I) M-20 ª ãããþããè Èâ¹ã/ØãÆù ããƒã Þãñ ãäôã½ãò ãšãú ãšãè ãô ãàãè ãšà ã (II) ºããºã ãš 21 - ½ããƒÃÊ ãäô Ë Ìã ÞãÌãã¾ã Ôã ãè ºããÀ ¹ãìÀÌã ãñ Ìã ËãÌã ãñ (III) ºããºã ãš ããñ ãã Ìã ¹ãŠÀÔãºãâ ããè ¼ãÀ ãñ (IV) ºããºã ãš. 24 ã Ôã¹ãã ãîã ã ããùƒä ¹ãìÀÌã ãñ (V) ºããºã ãš 25 - ¹ãã ããèàãñ ã ãš ãäôã½ãò ÀâØããÞãñ ããè ã ãà ªñ ãñ Þ¾ãã ªÀÔãìÞããè ¹ãƽãã ãñ (I) 80 ½ããè½ããè Þããè ȹã/ØãÆù ããƒã / ã ÌããÀ ããƒã /ãä ããä ãôã Œã ãè ¹ãìÀÌã ãñ; (II) 40 ½ããè½ããè Þããè ȹã/ØãÆù ããƒã / ã ÌããÀ ããƒã /ãä ããä ãôã Œã ãè ¹ãìÀÌã ãñ; (III) ÀÔ ¾ããËØã ã ½ãìÁ½ã ¹ãìÀÌã ãñ; (IV) ÀÔ ¾ããËØã ã Àñ ããè ¹ãìÀÌã ãñ; (V) 80 ½ããè½ããè Œã ãè ¹ãÔãÀÌã ãñ; (VI) 40 ½ããè½ããè Œã ãè ¹ãÔãÀÌã ãñ; (VII) ØãÆùÌÖË/Àñ ããè/½ãìá½ã ¹ãÔãÀÌã ãñ; (VIII) 80 ½ããè½ããè Œã ãè Ìã ½ããñŸñ ªØã (200 ½ããè½ããè) ¾ããâÞãñ ãà ªãºã ãñ; (IX) 40 ½ããè½ããè Œã ãè Ìã ½ããñŸñ ªØã (100 ½ããè½ããè) ¾ããâÞãñ ãà ªãºã ãñ 42

136 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãà ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþãñ ½ãîß ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãš Ôãã.ºããâ.ãäÌã Îããè ÔãÊÊãã½ãÔãÊã ã ãšá ã ã¾ããà ãñšêãñ ãôã ãñ ãà Ö¾ãã ãšã½ããþããè ãâ½ãêãºã ããìã ããè ªÀÔãìÞããè ãìôããà ããêããè ãôã ããè. Ôãã.ºããâ.ãäÌã. Îããè ÔãÊÊãã½ãÔãÊã ã ã ãšà ãã ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ãäªê¾ãã½ãìßñ ` ãšãñ ãèþãã ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ŒããÊããèË ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããêãã: ã ãì ãš½ããâ ãš ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ãšîãã½ãìßñ ããëã À ã ãš½ã (`) 1 ãìããè ã ãšã½ã ªñ ãñ 4,16,00, ãšêã½ã 38 5,65,94, ããä ããäà ãš ºããºã ªÀÔãîÞããè 3,01,43, ãîš ã 12,83,37, ããäìã ã ãšã½ã, ãšêã½ã 38 ãããä ã ããä ããäà ãš ºããºã Ö¾ããâ½ãìßñ ããêãñê¾ãã ããªã ŒãÞããÃÞãã ºããºãÌããÀ ã¹ãîããèêã ¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ 3.2 ½ã ãñ ãäªêãã ããöñ. ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ã½ãîª ãšñëñ (Ôã¹ òºãà 2012) ãšãè ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèìãà Ìãß ãàô ãã ºããâ ã ¾ããÞãã ãä ã ãã¾ã ã ã ãñþ¾ãã ½ããØã ããè ãìôããà Üãñ ãêãñêãã ããöñ. ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ¹ãì ñ ½Ö Ëñ ãšãè, ãà Ôãã.ºããâ.ãäÌã. Îããè ãã ããè ÞãÞããà ãñšêããè ãôã ããè ãà ¾ããâ ããèöãè ÔãâÀàã ã ãä¼ãâ ããèþãñ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ããìãî¾ã ãš ãã Ìã Îã ããê ãìôããà ÀÔ ãã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ÔãîÞããäÌãÊãñ ãôã ãñ. ¹ãì ñ ãôãñ ½Öâ Êãñ ããöñ ãšãè ãîããè ØãÀ ã ãä ã½ããã ã ããêããè ãîããè Ìã ããìãî¾ã ãš ãñ ãìôããà ºããºããè ãâ ã¼ãîã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããê¾ãã ãããä ã ½Ö ãî ã Ôãã.ºããâ.ãäÌã. Þ¾ãã ØãÀ ãã Ôã½ã ã ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ãìö ãñ ãããä ã ¾ãã Þ¾ãã ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ãâ ã¼ãîã ã ãšà ãã ããê¾ãã ããöãè. ½ãîß ãšã½ããìãàãèêã ¼ããÌãÌãã ØãðãäÖ ã ãàê¾ããôã Üãñ ãêãñëã ãä ã ãã¾ã Ìãã ãìããè ããöñ. ÎããÔã ããþãñ ãà ½ãã ¾ã ãšà ¾ããÔããÀŒãñ ããöãè ãšãà ã ÌãÀãèÊã ¹ãÆ ãšà ãã ã ããäô ã Ìãã ã ãôãêãñê¾ãã ãä ãªóîãã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã Ôãã.ºããâ.ãäÌã. Îããè Ôã½ã Ìã¾ã Ôãã ã ¾ããÔã ãôã½ã ãã ÀãÖãèÊãã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ` ãšãñ ãéþãã ãß ãã¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ããêãã. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãšðó ãã ŒããñÀñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ß ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãä ãªóîããâþãñ ¹ããÊã ã ã ãñšê¾ãã½ãìßñ ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ŒãÞãà ããêãã. ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãä ãªóîããâ ãìôããà ãšã ËÜãì ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãëãìããþ¾ãã ½ãìß ãä ããäìãªñ ½ã ¾ãñ ¹Ë½ã ãšãú ãšãè Þãñ ãšã½ã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ã ãñšê¾ãã½ãìßñ ` 1.73 ãšãñ ãèþãã ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ŒãÞãà ããëã. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ã, ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ãìëõ 2002 ½ã ¾ãñ ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšêãñê¾ãã ÔãîÞã ããâ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãà ããâþãñ ãã¾ãìó¾ã Ìãã ãäìã ¾ããÔããŸãè ¼ããäÌãÓ¾ãã ããèêã ÔãØãßãè ãà ããþããè ãšã½ãñ ãšãú ãšãè ãñ ãšà ãñ ºãâ ã ã ãšãà ãš Öãñ ãñû ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãðšó ãã ŒããñÀñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãâÖã½ãâ ßã ãñ (MKVDC) Üã ãøãߪàã, ããêãì ãšã ãì ãà, ãä ãêöã ¹ãì ãñ ¾ãñ ãñ ÊãÜãì ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãëãìã ºããâ ã ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ` 4.55 ãšãñ ãèþãñ ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ½ãã ¾ã ãã ( ãî ã 2000) ãäªêããèû ½ã쌾ã ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ¹ãì ãñ ¾ããâ ããè ` 6.50 ãšãñ ãèþããè ããâãä ã ãš ½ãã ¾ã ãã ( ããùøãô 2004) ãäªêããèû Öñ ãšã½ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÊãã ¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2006 ½ã ¾ãñ 36 ½ããäÖ ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã (¹ãŠñºãÆìÌããÀãè 2009) ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ããÔããŸãè ` 6.06 ãšãñ ãèêãã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããêãñû ã½ããè ã Ôãâ¹ããªãè ã ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã ½ãîʾãã ã Ìãã, ªÀÔãîÞããè ã Ìãã, ½ãîß Ôãâ ãšê¹ããäþã ãã½ã ¾ãñ ºãªÊã ãããä ã ƒ ãà ãšãà ããâ ããè ããêãñê¾ãã Ìãã ãè½ãìßñ ãšã½ã ÔãìÀŠ Öãñ Š Îã ãšëñ ããöãè. Ôãì ããàãè ã ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ½ãã ¾ã ãã 43

137 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ` ãšãñ ãè ãšàãè ãã ãäªêããè ( ãî ã 2009)û Öñ ãšã½ã ` ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãÃî ã ½ãñ 2010 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëñ. ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÊãÜãì ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã¼ããøã, ¹ãì ãñ ÛããâÞ¾ãã ããä¼ãêãñœããâþ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããè ã ( ãìêãõ 2010) ãôãñ ãã ßî ã ããêãñ ãšãè, ÔãîÀÌãã ããèþ¾ãã ããâãä ã ãš ½ãâ ãìàãè ã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ãš½ããè ŒããñÊããèÌãÀ ¹ãã¾ãã ãä½ãßñêã ãôãñ ØãðãäÖ ã ãá ã Ôããâ Ìãã 32 ºããâ ã ãšã½ããôããÿãè ã ã ãšãñôãã ºãÀ ãäþãàñºãâªãèþããè ãà ãîª ãñšêããèû ¹ã ã ¹ãÆ ¾ãàã Œããñª ãšã½ããþ¾ãã Ìãñßãè Ôããâ ̾ãã ãšãäà ãã ãšÿãè ã Œã ãšã ã ¹ãã¾ãã ãš½ããè ŒããñÊããèÌãÀ ¹ãÊ㺠ã ããêãã ããöãè ¾ãã½ãìßñ Ôããâ Ìãã ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ããàãœã ãã ã ºãªÊã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãã, ¾ãã½ãìßñ ¹Êã½ã ãâšãä ãš Ìãã¹ãÀ ãñ ¼ããØã ¹ã Êãñû ãä ããäìãªñ½ã ¾ãñ ¹Êã½ã ãâšãä ãš ãâ ã¼ããî ã ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºã ªÀÔãîÞããè ½ãâ ãîà ãšàãìããè ÊããØãÊããè ¾ãã½ãìßñ ` 1.73 ãšãñ ãéþãã (¹ããäÀãäÎãÓ 3.3 ½ã ¾ãñ ªÎãÃãäÌãʾãã ¹ãƽãã ãñ) ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ŒãÞãà ããêããû. ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ½Ö Êãñ ( ããùøãô 2012) ãšãè ããùøãô 2004 ½ã ¾ãñ ããâãä ã ãš ½ãâ ãìàãè ªñ ãã ãã ã ã ãšãñôãã ºãÀ ãäþãàñºãâªãè ñìã ããè ¹Êã½ã ãâšãä ãš ãâ ã¼ãîã ã ãšà ¾ããÞãñ ÎããÔã ããþ¾ãã ãìëõ 2002 Þ¾ãã ãä ãªóîãã ãìôããà ãäìãþããàã ã Üãñ ãêãñ Öãñ ãñ ¹ã ã ¹Êã½ã ãâšãä ãš ãâ ã¼ããî ã ãñšëñ ããöãè ãšãà ã ¾ãã ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããè ã ãîš ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþããè ãä ãâš½ã ã ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñ¹ãñàãã ããô ã ããêããè ãôã ããè. ¹ãì ñ ãôãñ ½Ö Êãñ ãšãè, ½ãîß ½ãâ ãîàãè¹ãæã¹ ã ãâªã ã¹ãæ ã ãšã ã ¹Êã½ã ãâšãä ãš ãâ ã¼ãîã ã ãñšêãñ ãôã ãñ ãà ŒãÞãà ãšàãìããþã ÊããØãÊãã ãôã ããû ½Ö ãî ã ¾ãã ãšã½ãã ã ãß ãã ¾ãñ ¾ãã ããñøãã ŒãÞãà ããöãèû ÎããÔã ããþãñ ãà ªÎãÃãäÌã ãñ ãšãè, ãîš ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãä ãâš½ã ã ¹ãÆÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñþ¾ãã ãã ã ŸñÌã ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ÔãìÁÌãã ããèêããþã ¹Êã½ã ãâšãä ãš ãäìãþããàã ã Üãñ ãê¾ãã ØãñÊãñ ããöãè, ãñ ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ½ããØãêÎãà 㚠ãä ãªóîããâþãñ ÊÊãâÜã ã ããöñû ãà ½ãîß ½ãâ ãîàãè¹ãæã¹ ã ããâãä ã ãš ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãšã ã ¹Êã½ã ãâšãä ãš ãâ ã¼ãîã ã ãñšêãñ ãôã ãñ ãà Ôã ã Þããè ãä ãêöã ªÀÔãîÞããè ÊããØãî ããêããè ãôã ããè ( Þ¾ãã õìã ããè) ¾ãã½ãìßñ ` 1.73 ãšãñ ãèþããè ºãÞã ã ããêããè ãôã ããèû ãšðóããè, ¹ãÎãìÔãâÌã ãã ã ãããä ã ½ã Ô¾ã ãäìã¼ããøã Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããè ¹ã㪠㠹ãÆ ãšê¹ããìãàãèêã ãä ãó¹ãšß ŒãÞãà ªã¹ãÞãñÀãè, Ÿã ãñ ¾ãñ ããèêã Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããè ¹ã㪠㠹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãñ ã¾ããñø¾ã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ìã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ` 7.88 ãšãñ ãèþãã ŒãÞãà ãä ãó¹ãšß ããêããû ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãã ãñìããàãè 1996 ½ã ¾ãñ ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà Ìã ¹ãÆòŠÞã ¹ãÆ ããôã ãã ãš ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã ÔÌããàãÀãâãä ãš ã ããêãñê¾ãã ãäìã ããè¾ã ãšàãàã Ìã¾ãñ Àã ¾ãã ã Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããè ¹ã㪠ã Ìã Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã (¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã) Öã ããè Üãñ ãêããû ¹ãÆ ããôã ãã ãšãºãàãñºãà ŒãÞãà 80:20 ¾ãã ¹ãƽãã ãã ã Ìãã î ã ܾããÌã¾ããÞãã Öãñ ãã, 80 ã ãñš ÔãìÊã¼ã ãš ãã ÔÌãÁ¹ãã ã Ìã 20 ã ãñš ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ²ããÌã¾ããÞãñ Öãñ ãñ. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ã Ìã ½ãñ. COFREPECHE (ÔãÊÊããØããÀ) ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ã ãî ã 1997 ½ã ¾ãñ ãš ãšàãà ããêããû ããñ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ãâ½ãêãºã ããìã ããè ãšàãè ãã ãä ÔãòºãÀ 1997 ¹ããÔãî ã ãâ½ãêãã ã ããêããû ¾ããŒãñÀãè ã ¾ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþããè ã䪪áó ñ: Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ÞããâØãʾãã ¹ãÆ ããèþããè ÊãÖã ã ãšãñßâºããè ¹ãìÀÌãî ã ½ãÖãÀãÓ Èã ããèêã Ôã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãêãþãà ²ããñØããÔã ãã ããà ªñ ãñ, ã½ããè ã Ôãâ¹ã㪠ã ` 2.46 ãšãñ ãè, ãšã½ã ` ãšãñ ãè, ƒ ãà ã ãìîãâøããè ãš ãšã½ãñ ` 0.82 ãšãñ ãè. ãëãìãã ãî ã ããô ããèþãñ ¹ãã ããè ÌããÖì ã ãñ ¾ããÞãã ½ããØãÃ. 44

138 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããèþãñ ããä ã ãš ¹ã㪠ã ãñß ããôã½ããñà ŸñÌãî ã ãã ãìãä ã ãš ãêãþãà ²ããñØã ãäìã ãšãäôã ã ãšà ãñ Öãè Öãñ ããè ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ããä¼ãëñœããâþ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããè ã ( ãì ã 2011) ãã ßì ã ããëñ ãšãè, ¹ãÆòŠÞã ÔãÀ ãšãà ãš ì ã ãäìã ããè¾ã ãšàãàã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ãñ ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãÆã ããä½ã ãš ããàãœã ã, ãäìãô ãð ã ããä¼ã¾ããâ ããè ãšãè ããàãœã ã, ¹ãÆã¹ ããè ãããä ã ¼ããÀ ããè, ÎããÔ ããþãñ ÖÔ ããâ ãà ã ãããä ã ÎããÔ ããâþãñ ãã ããà ªñ ¾ããÔãâºãâ ããè ØããñÓ ãè ¹ãî ãã ããê¾ãã. ãôãñþã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ãã ãš ì ã ÌãñßãñÌãñßãè ãä½ãßãëñê¾ã㠽㪠ããè ãì ã ãòš³ãþãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãããä ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ãã ¹ãÀªñÎãã ããèë ¹ãÆãäÎãàã ã ƒ. ŒãÞãà ããëã. ¾ãã ãâ ãà ããèìãîããô ããè¾ã ãšã½ã ããñìöòºãà-ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2006 ãããä ã ãìêãõ- ããùøãô 2007 ãîãã ªãñ ã ¹¹¾ããâ ã ãôãñþã ãßãè ¹ãÎÞãã ã ÞããÞã ããè ¹ã㪠ã (post - larve trial production) ããùøãô 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ ¹ãî ãã ããëñ. ËñŒãã¹ããäÀàã ãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßËñ ãšãè, ãì ã 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ` 6.88 ãšãñ ãè 33 Øãìâ ãìã ãì ãš Öãñ ã Ôãì ªã ¹ãÆ ã½ã ÌãÓãà 30 ªÎãËàã post larve ¹ã㪠ã (Ôãã½ãã ¾ã ãäîãàã ã ¹ãÆãä ãš¾ãñ½ãìßñ) àã½ã ãã Ìã ¾ãã¹ãì ãèë ÌãÓããà ãšàãè ãã 40 ªÎãËàã post larve ¹ãÆãä ãìãóãã Ö ãã Ëàãã ¹ãñàãã ¹ãÆ ¾ãàã ¹ã㪠ã ãšãëãìã ããèôããÿãè ŒããËãè ªÎãÃãäÌãʾãã ¹ãƽãã ãñ ããä ãîã¾ã ãš½ããè Öãñ ãñ: ÌãÓãà Êãà¾ã ¹ãÆ ¾ãàã ¹ã㪠㠹ã㪠ããþããè ã ãñšìããàãè ,00,000 60, ,00,000 1,50, ,00,000 1,00, ,00,000 NIL ,00,000 NIL 0 ÊãñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ããèêã œã ã ããè ã ã¾ããñø¾ã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ìã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ãã ããèêã ãì ãè ãä ãªîãã ããôã ããê¾ãã, ¾ãã½ãìßñ ¾ãã ãšãêããìã ããè ã ãê¹ã ¹ã㪠ã Ì㠽㠾ãñ Îãî ¾ã ¹ã㪠ã ããêãñ. ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ã¹ã¾ãîããþããè ãšãà ãñ ŒããÊããèÊã¹ãƽãã ãñ Öãñ ããè: ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããêãã Ôãã ã ¾ãã ãñ Ìããè ã ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ããìãî¾ã ãš ãôã ãã ãã ãäªìãôãã ãî ã 12 ãñ 15 ããôã Ìããè ã ¹ãìÀÌãŸã ºã⪠ãôãêãñê¾ãã ªîÀÞ¾ãã Ìã ãããäªìããôããè ¼ããØãã ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã Ô ãããä¹ã ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãã Öãñ ããû ¹ãÆŠòÞã ¹ãÆ ããôã ãã ãšã ãñ ¹ãìÀãäÌãÊãñÊãñ ã ãàñ ÀÞãñ Ôãì ñ ¼ããØã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ªìÁÔ ã Öãñ Îã ãšêãñ ããöãè ã. Ìãã Öãñ ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê Ìã ã ã ãš Ôããñ Êãñʾãã ãß ãã ã ¼¾ãã Ìã ãã ̾ãã ¼ãñØããâ ãî ã Öãñ ããàãè Øãß ããè ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ¹ãƾã ã ãšá ãöãè ããâºããäìã ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ããêãñ ããöãèû ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè, 24 ããôããâ¹ãñàãã ããô ã ãšãß ¹ãã ããè ÔããŸãäÌã ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ãìö ãñ. ãâ ãšãñîã ã ãšãèþãñ Þãì ãšãèþãñ Ôãâ ãšê¹ããäþã ã ¾ãã½ãìßñ Ôãî¾ãùãÆ ãšãîã ã¹ãæ ¾ãàããäÀ ¾ãã ãä½ãßî Îã ãšêãã ããöãè. ãšãêãì¾ããþãñ ¹ãã ããè ÔããŸãäÌã ¾ãã¹ãîÌããê Øããß ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš Öãñ ãñû ¹ãÀâ ãì Øããß ã ÔãìãäÌã ãã ¹ãÊ㺠ã ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ãâ ãšãñîããâìãà `ÌÖãƒÃ ñêã' ÀãñØããÞãã ¹ãÆãªì¼ããÃÌã ããêããû ªÀ½¾ãã ã ¹ã㪠ãã ãšãäà ãã ãä ã ããè ¹ãÆã¹ ã ããêãã ããöãè. ÌãÀãèÊã ã ãßñ ¹ããÖ ãã, ¹ãÆŠã ÔãÞ¾ãã ÔãÊÊããØããÀã ãñ ¹ã㪠ããþ¾ãã ªìÔãÅ ¾ãã ÌãÓããê ãäîã¹ãšãàôã ãñšêããè ( ããù ã ãòºãà 2008) ãšãè, ¹ã¾ããþããè ¹ãã ããè¹ãìàìãÿã ̾ãÌãÔ ãã ã¾ããà ãšàãìããè, ÔããŸÌã ã ãêããìã Ìã ãìºãìãñë Þãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã, ããä¼ã¾ããâãä ã ãšãè Ìã ããèìãîããô ããè¾ã ½ãª ããè ãšàãè ãã ããä ã ãš ãš½ããþããàãè ãä ã¾ãì ã ã ãšàãìãñ ã Ìã ãâãä ã½ã ÎããÔ ã ãâøããè ãðš ã ãñšê¾ããìãà ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãñ Œãã ã ãšãè ãšà ã ãšàãìãñ. ÔãÊÊããØããÀãÞ¾ãã 33 ` 2.87 ãšãñ ãè ¹ãÆŠñâÞã ÔãÖã¾¾ã ãããä ã ` 4.01 ãšãñ ãè ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ã ãš î ã 45

139 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) ãäîã¹ãšãàôããè ãâ ãà ãã¾ãì ã ã, ½ã Ô¾ã̾ãÌãÔãã¾ã ¾ããâ ããèôãì ã ãðšóããè, ¹ãÎãìÔãâÌã ãã ã Ìã ½ã Ô¾ã ãäìã¼ããøããêãã (ãäìã¼ããøã) ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãñ Œãã ãøããè ãšà ã ãšà ¾ããºãªáªÊãÞããè ãäîã¹ãšãàôã ãñšêããè (Ôã¹ òºãà 2009 ãããä ã ããùøãô 2012). ãàãè ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãñ 2008 ãñ 2010 ½ã ¾ãñ ãê¹ã ¹ã㪠ã Öãñ ãñ Ì㠽㠾ãñ ãšãöãèþã ¹ã㪠ã ãìö ãñ, ãàãè ÔãÊÊããØããÀ Ìã ãã¾ãì ã ããâþ¾ãã ãäîã¹ãšãàôããèìãà ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ãšã¾ããìããöãè ãñšêããè ããöãè ãããä ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããìãà Ìãñ ã ã Ìã ƒ ãà ºããºããèâÌãÀ ãããä 㠽㠾ãñ ` ÊããŒããÞãã ŒãÞãà ãñšêãã. ãã¾ãì ã ã ½ã Ôã̾ãÌãÔãã¾ã ¾ããâ ããè ãôãñ ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ (Ôã¹ òºãà 2012) ãšãè ÔãÊÊããØããÀãâÞ¾ãã ãäîã¹ãšãàîããè Ôãã ãšãà Öãñ Îã ãšê¾ãã ããöãè ã, ãšãà ã ¹ãÆÔ ããìã, ãâªã ã¹ã ã ãñš ã¾ããà ãšà ãñ Ìã Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâÞããè Ôãâ½ã ããè ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ÎããÔã ãšãè¾ã ãšã¾ãã¹ã ããè ãìãêãâãäºãêããè ØãñÊããè. ãîãã ãäà ããè ãñ, ` 7.88 ãšãñ ãèþ¾ãã 34 Øãâì ãìã ãì ãšãèôãö ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ÔãìÀŠ Öãñ ã ¹ããÞã 35 ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãšãß Êã Êãã ãàãè ½ãÖãÀãÓ Èã ããèêã Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããè ¹ã㪠㠹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã Ìã ãšã¾ããã Ìã¾ã ãã ããèêã ã¹ãìàñ¹ã ãã½ãìßñ ã Þã ããè ã ããöñû ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè, Øããñ ãã ¹ãã ¾ãã ããèêã ãšãñßâºããèþ¾ãã ããä ã ãš ¹ã㪠ããþãñ Êãà¾ã Ôã½ããñÀ ŸñÌãî ã ãã ãìãä ã ãš ãêãþãà ²ããñØã ãäìã ãšãäôã ã ãšà ãñ Ìã ¾ããÔã ãã ããà ªñ ¾ããÞãñ ãäªáó ñ Ôãã ¾ã ããêãñ ããöãè. Öãè ºããºã ½ãñ 2012 ½ã ¾ãñ ÎããÔã ããôã ãšßãäìãêããèû ãà ¹ãÆãä ãàãã ããè ã ããöñ ( ãã ãñìããàãè 2013). ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ¹ãìË ãããä ã ¹ããñÞã ÀÔ ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãšã½ããìãà ããªã ŒãÞãà ¹ã¾ããÃÌãÀ ã Ìã Ìã ã ½ãâ ããêã¾ã, ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãà ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ¹ãîÌãÃÔãâ½ã ããèãäîãìãã¾ã Ìã ¾ããâ ããè ãäìããä ããäªãó ãñšêãñê¾ãã Îã ããêþãñ ¹ããÊã ã ã ãšà ãã ¹ãîÊã Ìã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ¾ããÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãñšê¾ãã½ãìßñ ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã Öãñ ¾ããÔã ÔãÖã ÌãÓããùãñàãã ããô ã ãšãêããìã ããè ÊããØãÊãã Ìã ¾ããÌãÀ ` 1.51 ãšãñ ãèþãã ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ããëã. ¼ããÀ ã ÔãÀ ãšãàþ¾ãã ¹ã¾ããÃÌãÀ ã Ìã Ìã ã ½ãâ ããêã¾ãã ãñ (MoEF) ã½½ãî- ãšî½ããèà ÌãØãß ãã ÔãÌãà Àã ¾ãñ Ìã ãòš³îãããäôã ã ¹ãƪñÎããâ ãã ÊããØãî Öãñ ããàã Ìã ãôãâìã ãã ã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã 1980 ( ããä ããä ã¾ã½ã) ¹ãÆãäÔã ãñšêããû ¾ãã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ããþ¾ãã ½ããØãêãäÎãà ãñšþ¾ãã ¹ããäÀÞœñª 4.4 ãìôããà, ãà Œãã²ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ãã ã Ìã ã ã½ããè ã Ìã Ìã ãñ ãà ã½ããè ã ãâ ã¼ããî ã ãôãñêã, ãà ¾ãã ããä ããä ã¾ã½ãã Ìã¾ãñ Ìã ã ã½ããè ã ½ãì ã ã ãšà ¾ããÔã ãòš³ ÎããÔã ããþããè ½ãâ ãìàãè ãä½ãßñ¹ã¾ãä ã Ìã ãñ ãà ã½ããè ããèìãàãèêã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ãã ¾ãñ ããà ããöãè. ¼ãìÔããÌãß- ãã½ã ãñà (À㠾㠽ãÖã½ããØãà 188), ãä ãêöã ãßøããâìã ÀÔ ¾ããÌãÀãèË ÔãîÀ ãªãèìãà ¹ãîÊã ãøããñªà¹ããôãî ã ããäô ã Ìãã ã Öãñ ããû ãã¹ããè ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ß (TIDC) ãâ ãøãã ã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã Öãñ ããå¾ãã ÌããÜãîÀ ãà ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ºãì ãè ã àãñ ãã ã Öã ¹ãîÊã ¾ãñ ã ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ãªãèþ¾ãã ¹ãÊããè ãš ãèêã ¼ããØã ããñ ¾ããÔããŸãè ¾ãã Ôã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãìÊããÎãñ ããàãè 75 ½ããè À ÊããâºããèÞãã ãìããè ã ¹ãîÊã ŸñÌã ãâîãªã ãñ ãšã½ããþ¾ãã (Deposit Contribution Work) ½ãã ¾ã½ãã ãñ ºããâ ã ¾ããÞãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìã Öãñ ãã. ¾ãã ãìôããà, ãêãôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ÌããÜãîÀ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãäìã¼ããøã (WPD), ãßøããìãþãñ ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã (EE, WPD) ¾ããâ ããè ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÀÔ ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãäìã¼ããøã, ãßøããìã (EE, RPD) ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ãš ñ ` 4 ãšãñ ãè ã½ãã ( ãä¹ãæêã 2005 ãñ ½ãñ 2009) ãñšêãñû ½ã쌾ã ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãäìã¼ããøã, ãããäîã ãš (CE) ¾ããâ ããè ½ããè À ÊããâºããèÞãã ãìããè ã ¹ãîÊã ºããâ ã ¾ããÔã ` 1.64 ãšãñ ãèþããè ããâãä ã ãš ½ãâ ãìàãè ( ãìêãõ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ŒãÞãà ` 6.88 ãšãñ ãè ½ã ¾ãñ Ìãñ ã ã Ìã ã ãìîãâøããè ãš ãšã½ããâìãà ŒãÞãà ` ËãŒã post larvae trial production ããùøãô 2007 ½ã ¾ãñ Ôãâ¹ãʾãã ãâ ãà 46

140 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã 2005) ãäªêããè. ¹ãîÊããÞ¾ãã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ¾ããÞ¾ãã ãšã½ãã ã ªãñ ã Öñ ã À Ìã ã ã½ããè ãªñœããèë ãâ ã¼ãîã ã Öãñ ããè. ¹ãìÊããÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã EE, RPD ¾ããâ ããè ½ãñû Ôãû ºããèû ƒâãä ããä ã ãôãã, ããõàâøããºã㪠¾ããâ ãã ` 1.43 ãšãñ ãè ƒ ã ã ¾ãã ãä ãâš½ã ããèôã ãäªêãñ ( ããñìöòºãà 2005). Öñ ãšã½ã ããñìöòºãà 2006 ãœãñà¹ã¾ãä ã ¹ãî ãã ãšàãìã¾ããþãñ Öãñ ãñ, ¾ããÔã ãî ã 2007 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ½ãìª ãìãã ãäªêããè ØãñÊããè. ½ãñÔãÔãà Ôã.ºããè. ƒâãä ããä ã ãôãã ¾ãâã ããè ¹ãã¾ãã¼ãÀ ããè Ìã ãã ããà¼ãî ã ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã ãñšêãñ Ìã ¾ããâ ãã ` ÊããŒããÞãñ ¹ãƪã ã ( ããù ã ãñºãà 2007 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã) ããêãñ. ã ãããä¹ã, ¾ããâ ã ãàþãñ ãšã½ã ÞããÊãî ŸñÌã ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ããêãñ ããöãè. ãšãà ã MoEF ãñ, ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ããþ¾ãã ÌããÜãîÀ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããôã ËãØã ããå ¾ãã Öñ ã À ã½ããè ã ÌãßÌã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìããôã ¾ãã ã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ¾ããÔããŸãè ªãñ ã Öñ ã À Ìã ã ã½ããè ããèþãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ãã, ããàãñ¹ã (½ãñ 2008) Üãñ ãêãã. ¾ãã½ãìßñ CE ããè ãâš ãã ªãÀãÔã ãšàãàãþ¾ãã ãšêã½ã 15 (1) 36 ã Ìã¾ãñ ãšã½ãã ãî ã ½ãì ã ã ãšà ¾ããÔã ½ãã ¾ã ãã ãäªêããè (Ôã¹ òºãà 2007)û ãôãñþã, Ìã ããäìã¼ããøããþ¾ãã ããàãñ¹ãã½ãìßñ ¹ãìÊããÞ¾ãã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ¾ããÞãñ ãšã½ã ãñ ªìÔãžãã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÔã (½ãñÔãÔãà ºããè.¹ããè. ¹ãì ãîããè) ` 0.90 ãšãñ ãè ƒ ã ã ¾ãã ãä ãâš½ã ããèôã ããùøãô 2005 ½ã ¾ãñ ãäªêãñêãñ Öãñ ãñ, ãñ ªñŒããèÊã ` ÊããŒã ŒãÞãà ãšá ã ºã⪠ãšà ¾ãã ã ( ãìêãõ 2009) ããêãñ. ãî ã 2009 ½ã ¾ãñ, MoEF ãñ ÌããÜãîÀ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþ¾ãã ºããâ ã ãšã½ãã ãšãäà ãã Öñ ã À Ìã ã ã½ããè ããè ã ¹ãñŠÀ¹ãŠãÀ ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãÆÔ ããìããôã 17 Îã ããêþ¾ãã ã ããè ã ÀãÖî ã ã Ìã ã: ½ãã ¾ã ãã ãäªêããè, ãôãñþã ¾ãã ½ããñºãªÊ¾ãã ã Öñ ã À Ìã ñ ¹ã¾ããþããè Ìã ããè ãšà ã ãšà ãñ, Àã ¾ããÞ¾ãã Ìã ããäìã¼ããøãã ãš ñ Ìã ãñ ãà ã½ããè ããèþãñ ããñ⪠ºãªË ãšá ã ÌããäÀ ã ÖÔ ããâ ãà ã ãšà ãñ ƒ ¾ããªãéÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã ãñšêãã. ã ãããä¹ã EE WPD ¾ããâ ããè ¾ããÔã MoEF Þããè ãâãä ã½ã ½ãã ¾ã ãã Ôã½ã ãî ã EE, RPD ¾ããâ ãã ¹ãìÊããÞãñ Ìã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ¾ããÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ¹ãì Öã ÔãìÁ ãšà ¾ããÔã ãäìã ãâ ããè ãñšêããè (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2009). ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè, EE, RPD ¾ããâ ããè ¹ãìÊããÞãñ ÌãÃãäÀ ã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ½ãñÔãÔãà Á³ã ããè ƒ ¹ãÆŠãÔ È ã ÞãÀ ½ã¾ããÃãäª ã, ããõàâøããºã㪠¾ããâ ãã ` 1.36 ãšãñ ãè ƒ ã ã ¾ãã ãä ãâš½ã ããèôã ¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2010 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ºãÖãÊã ãñšêãñ (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2009), ã ãããä¹ã, MoEF ãñ ÜããÊãî ã ãäªêãñê¾ãã Îã ããèãþããè ¹ãî ãã ãã ã ãñšê¾ãã ãñ Ìã ã ¹ããäÀàãñ ã ããä ã ãšãàãè, ½ãì ã ããƒã ãøãà ¾ããâ ããè ºããâ ã ãšã½ããôã ããàãñ¹ã ( ãìêãõ 2009 Ìã ãä¹ãæêã 2010) Üãñ ãêãã. ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè, ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ãä¹ãæêã 2010 ¹ããÔãî ã ãšã½ã ããâºããäìãêãñû ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2010 ½ã ¾ãñ ããä ãàã ãš ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ÔããÌãà ããä ã ãš ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ½ãâ ß, ãßøããâìã ¾ããâ ããè ¹ãì Öã 㚪ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÔã ãšàãàãþ¾ãã ãšêã½ã 15 (1) ã Ìã¾ãñ ½ãì ã ã ãšá ã ¾ããÔã ` 1.18 ãšãñ ãè ¹ãƪã ã ãñšêãñ (¹ãñŠºãÆìÌããÀãè 2011). EE, RPD ¾ããâ ããè ãîš ã ` 4.00 ãšãñ ãèþ¾ãã ŸñÌã ãâîãªã ãñ ½ã ããèêã ` 1.84 ãšãñ ãèþããè À ã ãš½ã, ¹ãîÊã Ìã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ¾ããÞ¾ãã ã ããìã ºããâ ã ãšã½ããìãà ããêãñêãã ` 2.16 ãšãñ ãèþãã ŒãÞãà Ôã½ãã¾ããñãä ã ã ãšá ã EE, WPD ¾ããâ ãã (½ããÞãà 2011) ¹ãÀ ã ãñšêããè. ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ãàã ã ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ ( ãìêãõ 2012) ãšãè ã Ìã ã: ½ãã ¾ã ãñ½ã ããèêã ÔãÌãà Îã ããëþãñ ã ãì¹ããêã ã ãñšê¾ããìãà Öñ ã À ã½ããè ããèþ¾ãã ãâãä ã½ã ½ãã ¾ã ãñôããÿãè ¹ãÆÔ ããìã ÔããªÀ ãñšêãã Öãñ ãã (½ãñ 2012). EE ¾ããâ ããè ã½ãîª ãñšêãñ (Ôã¹ òºãà 2012) ãšãè ¹ãìÊããÞãñ ÌãÃãäÀ ã ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãÔã ` 1.68 ãšãñ ãèëã ºãÖãÊã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããêãñ (` 1.60 ãšãñ ãè ãä ããäìãªã ãä ãâš½ã ããèþ¾ãã 4.97 ã ãšñ ããä ã ãš). ãîãã ãäà ããè ãñ MoEF, ãš î ã ¹ãîÌãÃÔãâ½ã ããè ã Üãñ ãã Ìã ¾ãâã ããè ÜããÊãî ã ãäªêãñê¾ãã Îã ããëþãñ ¹ããÊã ã ã ãšà ãã ÌããÜãîÀ ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãäìã¼ããøã, ãßøããâìã ¾ããâ ããè ¹ãîÊã Ìã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ¾ããÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãñšê¾ãã½ãîßñ ãããä ã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè ãâš ãã ñ Àªªá ãñšê¾ãã½ãìßñ ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã Öãñ ¾ããÔã ÔãÖã ÌãÓããùãñàãã ããô ã ãìã ããè ÊããØãÊãã. ½ãìß 36 ãšàãà ãã½ãã ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãà ãñšìöãöãè ¾ãã ããä¼ã¾ãâ ããâþ¾ãã ãœã ¾ããÀãè ã ãšã½ã ããöñ ¾ããÔã Ìãã Ëñ ãšãè, ¹ãî ãã ãšã½ã ã ãìãã ãšã½ããþãã ãšãöãè ¼ããØã ¾ãã¹ãì ñ ãšàãìã¾ããþãã ããöãè ( ãâš ãã ªãÀãÞããè Þãì ãš Ôããñ î ã) ãñìöã ¾ãã ãñ ãâš ãã ªãÀãÔã ãôãñ ËñŒããè ãšßãäìãê¾ãã ãâ ãà ãîããè ããñ ãèôã ãä½ãßãê¾ããìãà ãâš ãã ªãÀ ãšã½ã ããâºãìãñë. 47

141 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) ãšã½ã ãñ ` 2.33 ãšãñ ãèôã 37 ãäªëñ Öãñ ãñ ¾ããÌãÀ ãäìã¼ããøããêãã ` 3.84 ãšãñ ãè 38 ŒãÞãà ãšàãìãã ÊããØã ããà ããöñ ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ã: ` 1.51 ãšãñ ãèþãã ããä ã ãš ŒãÞãà ÖãñƒÃÊã. 3.4 ÌããÀâÌããÀ ããëñëãè ãããä ã ÔãÌãÃ̾ãã¹ããè ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãã ÌãÓããà ãììãóãó Œããªãè ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãã Öãñ ã ÀãÖãèËãè ãà ããè ªãèÜãà ãšãëãè ã Öãñ ããàãè ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãã Ôã½ã ã ¾ãã ã ¾ãñ ãñ. ãñìöã ããè ¹ãî ãã ¹ãÆ ããëãè ã (system)  Öãñ ãñ ãñìöã ÔãÌãÃ̾ãã¹ããè Öãñ ãñ. ¹ãîÌããê ãñšëñê¾ãã ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ã ÌããÀâÌããÀ Öãñ ããå¾ãã ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãñ ãš ñ Ëàã Ìãñ ãî ãöãè ããè ¹ãì Öã ¹ãì Öã Öãñ ã ÀãÖ ãñ Öñ Ôãâºãâãä ã ã ããä ã ãšãå¾ããâþ¾ãã ÖËØã ããê¹ã ããþãñþã ãìöñ ãà ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã ãšãà ãš ªñŒãÀñŒããèÞ¾ãã ã¼ããìããþãñ ªñŒããèË ãä ãªîãã ãš ããöñ. ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãã ããèë ÌããÀâÌããÀ ããëñê¾ãã ããä ã¾ããä½ã ã ãñþããè ãšãöãè ¹ãÆ ãšà ãñ (cases) ŒããËãè ÞããäÞãÃËãè ããöñ ã: ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã ãããä ã ÔãâãäÞã ã ̾ãã ããþããè ÌãÔãìËãè ã Öãñ ãñ ã½ããè ããèþããè ãšã¾ãªñîããèà ãäô ã ããè ãã ãî ã ã Üãñ ãã ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã/ ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ̪ãÀñ ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãñšê¾ãã ãñ, ` 3.39 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ããê¾ããìãà ãšã½ã ºãâªÞã ããëñ ããöãè ãà ` 2.29 ãšãñ ãéþãñ ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã Ìã ¾ããÌãÀãèË ÔãâãäÞã ã ̾ãã ããþããè ` ËãŒããÞããè ÌãÔãìËãèÖãè ãîã ã ¾ã¹ãÆã¾ã ããëãè. ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ÎããÔã ããþ¾ãã 01 ½ããÞãà 2000 Ëã ãä ãøãããä½ã ã ãñšëñê¾ãã ¹ããäÀ¹ã ã ãšã¹ãæ½ãã ãñ ããäøãæ½ã ¹ãƪã ã ãšà ¾ããÔãâºãâ ããè ãìšÿëãöãè Œãâ ãâš ãã ã½ã ¾ãñ Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãšà ãã ãšã½ãã ã¾ãñ. ãä ã½ ã ªì ã ãã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ã ãì¾ãã ãšãëì¾ããþ¾ãã ¹ãìÞœ ãäìã ããäà ãñšþ¾ãã 36 ãñ 45 ãä ãš½ããè ½ã ããèë ½ãã ããè ãšã½ã, ¹ãñÌãÀ ãô ãàãè ãšà ã ãããä ã ºããâ ã ãšã½ããþ¾ãã ` ãšãñ ãè ãä ããäìãªñëã, ãšâ ãã ªãÀãÞ¾ãã 39 Ìãã ãüãã ãè ãâ ãà ãä ããäìãªã ãä ãšâ½ã ããèþ¾ãã ã ãšñ ããä ã ãšþ¾ãã ªñ ãšãàãôã ½ã쌾ã ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã, ØããñªãÌãÀãè ½ãÀãŸÌãã ã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ ãäìã ãšãôã ½ãÖã½ãâ ß ( ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè) (CE) ããõàâøããºã㪠¾ããâ ããè ½ãâ ãìàãè ãšßìãëãè (½ããÞãà 2008). ½ãâ ãìàãè ãšßãäìã ããâ ãã ¹ãÆã½ã쌾ãã ãñ ÔããâãäØã ãëñ Öãñ ãñ ãšãè ããñìãà ãëôãâ ããà ã ãäìã¼ããøããëã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ãã ãšàãè ãã ËãØã ããå ¾ãã ã½ããè ããèþããè ãšã¾ãªñîããèà ½ããË ãšãè ãä½ãß ã ããöãè ããñìãà ãšã¾ãããàâ¼ã ããªñîã ªñ ã¾ãñ. EE, ½ãã ãëøããìã ãšãëìãã ãäìã¼ããøã ãæš. 10, ¹ãÀ¼ã ããè ¾ããâ ããè ` ãšãñ ãèþ¾ãã ãäôìã ãðš ã ãä ããäìãªã ãä ãâš½ã ããèþ¾ãã ãšã½ããëã ãä¹ãæë 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ, 24 ½ããäÖ ¾ãã ã ¹ãî ãã ãšà ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ãšã¾ãããàâ¼ã ããªñîã ãäªëã (½ããÞãà 2010). ãšâ ãã ªãÀãËã ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã ªñ ¾ããÞããè ãà ãîª ãä ããäìãªñ½ã ¾ãñ ãìö ããè. ããä¼ãëñœããâþ¾ãã ã¹ããôã ããè ã (¹ãñŠºãìÌããÀãè 2010) ãôãñ ãã ßì ã ããëñ ãšãè ãä¹ãæë 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ããªñîã ãäªê¾ããìãà ËãØãËãèÞã ãä ããäìãªã ãä ãâš½ã ããèþ¾ãã 10 ã ãñš ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã ãä½ãß ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ãšâ ãã ªãÀãâ ãñ ãäìã ãâ ããè ãñšëãè. ½ã ãîàãâþ¾ãã œãìã ããèìãà ãããä ã ½ã ãîàãâþ¾ãã ªß ãìãß ããìãà ãšâ ãã ªãÀãËã ½ããñŸ¾ãã ¹ãƽãã ãã ã ãäìããä ã¾ã Øãìâ ãìã ãî ãš ãšàãìããè ËãØã ãñ ¾ãã ãšãà ããô ãìã CE, ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ¾ããâ ããè ããäøãæ½ã ½ãâ ãìà ãšà ¾ããÞããè ãäîã¹ãšãàôã ãñšëãè ( ãä¹ãæë 2008). ¾ãããäÎãÌãã¾ã ÔãªÀãèË ãšã½ã Öñ ãòšã䳾㠹ãìÀÔ ãðš ã ÌãñØãÌããä ãã ã ¹ãã ºãâ ããàñ Ëã¼ã ¾ããñ ã ãñ ( ãã¾ã ºããè ¹ããè) ãâ ãøãã ã Ôã½ãããäÌãÓ ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ãã½ãìßñ ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ãã¾ã ºããè ¹ããè ããàãœã ãã ãìôããà ãšã½ããþãñ ãä ã¾ããñ ã ã ãšàš ã ¹ãì ãã ãšà ãã ¾ãñƒÃË ãôãñöãè ã½ãîª ãšñëñ ¹ãìËãÞãñ ºããâ ã ãšã½ã ` 1.43 ãšãñ ãè Ìã ¹ããñÞãÀÔ ãã ` 0.90 ãšãñ ãè ãøããñªà ŒãÞãà ããëñëñ ` 2.16 ãšãñ ãè ããä ã ãš ããäìã ã ãä ããäìãªã À ã ãš½ã ` 1.68 ãšãñ ãè ½ãñ. ºããËã ããè ã Ôããè, Ÿã ãñ 48

142 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ÔãâÞããË ãš, ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ¾ããâ ããè ` 2.49 ãšãñ ãè ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã ½ãâ ãîà (½ãñ 2008) ãñšëã. ãšâ ãã ªãÀã ãñ ½ãñ 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ãñšëñê¾ãã ãšã ÌãñØãß¾ãã ãšàãàã ãàñ ` 20,78,500/- ¹ãÆãä ã Ö¹ ãã ãôãñ 12 ½ãããäÔã ãš Ö¹ ãñ ããä ã ãš 13 ã ãšñ ÔãÀß̾ãã ã ¾ãã ¹ãƽãã ãñ ¹ãÀ ã¹ãñš ãšà ¾ããÞãñ 㚺ãîë ãñšëñ. ¾ãã ã Öñ Öãè ã½ãìª ãšñëñ Öãñ ãñ ãšãè ¹ãÀ ã¹ãñš ãšà ¾ããÔã ãäìãëâºã ããê¾ããôã 2 ã ãšñ ããä ã 㚠̾ãã ã ãã ãšãà ¾ãã ã ¾ãñƒÃË. ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ 22/27 Ôã¹ òºãà 2009 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã Ìãõ ã ãôãëñëãè ` 2.67 ãšãñ ãèþããè ( ããäøãæ½ã + ̾ãã ã) 11 ºãú ãš Ö½ããè ¹ã ãñ ãäªëãè. ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ããè ¹ãÀ ã¹ãñš Îã ããê ãäîããä ãë ãšá ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ÞããËî ªñ¾ã ãšã ãî ã ÌãÔãîËãè ãšà ¾ããÔã ½ãã ¾ã ãã ãäªëãè. ããùøãô 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ªìÔãÅ ¾ãã ÞããËî ªñ¾ã ãšã ãî ã ` 20,78,500/- ƒ ã ãšãè ¹ãŠ ã ã ãšã ֹ㠾ããÞããè ÌãÔãìËãè ããëãè Ìã ÀËñËãè ` 2.29 ãšãñ ãè ƒ ã ãšãè ¹ãÆÞãâ À ã ãš½ã Ôã¹ ñâºãà 2012 ãœãñà¹ã¾ãä ã ÌãÔãîË Öãñ Îã ãšëãè ããöãè. ãôãñþã ½ã ãê¾ãã ãšãßã ã ºãú ãš Ö½ããè ¹ã ã Ìã ãäìã ãñ ãä ãâšìãã ãî ã ããè ãšà ã ãšà ¾ãã ãšàãè ãã ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ãš î ã ãšãñ ã ãñöãè ¹ãƾã ã ãñšëñ ØãñËñ ããöãè ã. ½ãñ 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ãâš ãã ªãÀãâ ããè ̾ãã ããþãñ 13 ãàãäª ããâãä ãš ã ã ããªñîã ãäªëñ ãñ EE ¾ããâ ããè ½ãñ 2008 ãñ ½ããÞãà 2009 ªÀ½¾ãã ã ºãú ãñš ã ¹ãÆÔ ãì ã ãñšëñ. 13 ¹ãõ ãšãè ¹ãŠ ã ã ã Š ã ããªñîã Ìã ãäìãê¾ãã ØãñËñ. ¾ãã̪ãÀñ ½ããÞãà 2009 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ` ËãŒã ̾ãã ããþããè ÌãÔãîËãè ããëãè. ÀËñʾãã ÞããÀ ã ããªñîããâ¹ãõ ãšãè ªãñ ã ã ããªñîã ºãú ãñš ããè ã ããªãäà ã ãñšëñ Ìã ªãñ ã ã ããªñîã EE ããè ºãú ãñšëã ¹ãÆÔ ãì ã ãñšëñ ããöãè. ¾ãã ãâ ãà ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ̾ãã ããþãñ 12 ããäìã ã ã ããªñîã ãäªëñ ( ããñìöñâºãà 2009), ¹ãõ ãšãè ããÿ ã ããªñîã ºãú ãñš ããè ã ããªàãè ã ãñšëñ Ìã ÀËñËñ 4 ºãú ãñš ã ¹ãÆÔ ãì ã ãñšê¾ãã ØãñËñ ããöãè. ãä¹ãæë 2009 ãñ ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2011 (33 ½ããäÖ ãñ), ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãš î ã ̾ãã ããþãñ ` ËãŒã ªñ¾ã Öãñ ãñ. ËñŒãã¹ããäÀàã ãã ã ¹ãî ñ ãôãñ ãã ßËñ ãä ãš ãšã¾ãªñîããèààãè ¾ãã ã½ããè ã ã㺾ãã ã ãôã ããâ ããôãì ªã ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ãšã¾ãããàâ¼ã ããªñîã ãä¹ãæë 2008 ½ã ¾ãñ ªñ ¾ãã ã ããëã. ãšã½ã ÞããËì ãôã ããâ ãã ¼ãî ããà ãšãâ ãš î ã ããô ã ¹ãƽãã ãã ã ½ããñºãªËã ãä½ãß ¾ãã ãšãäà ãã ½ããñŸ ãã ¹ãƽãã ãã ã ããâªãñë ã ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëñ ãñ ½ãÖÔãîË ¹ãÆããä ã ãšãå ¾ããâ ããè 㚺ãîë ãñšëñ ããöãè. ¹ããäÀ ãã½ããè ¼ãî ããà ãš ¾ãã¾ãã˾ãã ã ØãñËñ ãããä ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ãî ã 2008 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ` 3.39 ãšãñ ãéþãñ ãšã½ã ãñšê¾ãã ãâ ãà ãšã½ã ºã⪠ãšàãìãñ ËãØãËñ. ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãà ãäªëñ ( ããù ã ãñºãà 2012) ãšãè, ããè ½ã ãã¾ã ãè Ôããè ãù ã 1997 Þ¾ãã ãà ãìªãè ãìôããà ããäøãæ½ã ½ãâ ãîà ãšà ¾ãã ã ããëã Öãñ ãã. ¹ãì ñ ãôãñöãè ã½ãîª ãšñëñ ãšãè ãøãæãè½ããìãà ̾ãã ã ãã ãšãà ããè¾ã Öãñ ãñ ¾ãã½ãìßñ ½ãÖã½ãâ ßãËã ããñ ã ããëã ããöãè. Öñ ãà ½ãã ¾ã ãšà ¾ããÔããÀŒãñ ãìö ãñ ãšãà ã ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ããþããè ½ãâ ãîàãè ªñ ãñ Öñ ÎããÔã ããþãñ ããªñîã Ìã ãä ããäìãªã Îã ããêþ¾ãã ãäìãàãñ ãã ã Öãñ ãñ. ãôãñþã ã½ããè ããèþããè ãšã¾ãªñîããèà ãäô ã ããè ãã ãî ã ã Üãñ ãã ãšã½ã ÔãìÁ ãšà ãñ Þããè ã ãìö ãñ. ¾ãã½ãìßñ ` 3.39 ãšãñ ãè ŒãÞãà ããê¾ããìãà ãšã½ã ããâºãëñ Ìã ` 2.29 ãšãñ ãèþãñ ¹ãÆËâãäºã ã ããäøãæ½ã Ìã ` ËãŒã ̾ãã ããþããè ÌãÔãîËãè ããè ãøãæãè½ããþããè ¹ãî ãã ÌãÔãìËãè ÖãñƒÃ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã Ìãã ã ããƒãë, ããñ ã ¾ãã ã ããëãè. ½ãÖã½ãâ ßã ãìãß ºãú ãš Ö½ããè ¹ã ã ãôãê¾ãã½ãìßñ ÔãìÔã ã ãã ããäøãæ½ã Ìã ¹ãÆËâãäºã ã ̾ãã ããþããè À ã ãš½ã ÌãÔãìË Öãñ ¾ããÞããè Îã ã ¾ã ãã ãøãªãèþã ãš½ããè ããöñ ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ºãªË ¾ããÌãÀ ̾ã ãã ŒãÞãà ãšãñß ãñšìãã ãè ãà ããþ¾ãã ¹ãðÓŸ¼ããØããŒããËãè ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã Þããè ¼ããÀ ããè ÔãìÀÌãã ããèôã ãšà ¾ãã ã ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøã ã¹ã¾ãîããè ŸÀʾãã ãñ ` ËãŒããÞãã ̾ã ãã ŒãÞãà ããëã. ãšã¾ãã ãšãàãè ããä¼ã¾ãâ ãã ãšãñß ãñšìãã ãè ãà ã ªñŒã¼ããË ãäìã¼ããøã ãëãñàñ, À ãããäøãàãè (EE) ¾ããâ ããè ãšãñß ãñšìãã ãè ãà ããþãñ ãì ãñ ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ããñ ãñ ãããä ã ãìããè ã ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã Þãñ ¹ãùŠºãÆãè ãñšîã ã Ìã ¼ããÀ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ½ãñÔãÔãà Øã ãñîã ãäºãê ÃÔã, ÔããñËã¹ãîÀ ¾ããâ ãã ` 1.38 ãšãñ ãèëã ãäªëñ (ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2005). 49

143 ãäª ããâ ãš 31 ½ããÞãà 2012 Àãñ ããè Ôãâ¹ãËñʾãã ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãöìããë ãæš.4 ( ãããä ãã ãš àãñ ã) Ö ãã ãšã½ãã ãšàãè ãã ªãñ ã ½ããäÖ ¾ããÞãã ãšãëãìã ããè ½Ö ã ãñ ¹ãŠñºãÆìÌããÀãè 2006 ¹ã¾ãÃâ ã Öãñ ãã. ãšâ ãã ªãÀã ãñ ¹ãùŠºãÆãè ãñšîã ãþãñ ãšã½ã ½ããÞãà 2006 ãœãñà ãšã½ã ¹ãî ãã ãñšëñ. ¹ãÀâ ãì ãì ¾ãã ÈùÎã Àù ã ÔãÞ¾ãã ããñ ¾ããÞãñ ãšã½ã ãšâ ãã ªãÀ ãšàš Îã ãšëã ããöãè ãšãà ã ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ãäìã²ãì ã ãä ããä½ãã ããè ãšâ¹ã ããè ½ã¾ããÃãäª ã (MAHAGENCO) ¾ããâ ããè ãšãñß ãšñìãã ãè ãà ã ªñŒã¼ããË ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ Ôã ã ã ãäìã ãâ ããè ãšàš ãöãè ¹ãã ¾ããÞãã ¹ãÆÌããÖ ºã⪠ãšà ¾ããÔã ¹ãÀÌãã ãøããè ãäªëãè ããöãè. ¹ãì ñ ãšã½ã ãšà ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ãâš ãã ªãÀã ãñ ãšã½ã ãä ã ãšãëãè ãšã ¾ããÞããè 40 ãäìã ãâ ããè ãñšëãè ( ãìëõ/ ããùøãô 2009) ããè ãëôãâ¹ãªã ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ (ãäìã¼ããøã) ãâ ãà ããñìöòºãà 2011 ½ã ¾ãñ ½ãã ¾ã ãñšëãè. ãì ã 2009 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ãâš ãã ªãÀãËã ` ËãŒããÞãñ ¼ãìØã ãã ã ããëñ Öãñ ãñ. ¾ãã ã ãìããè ã ¹ãùŠºãÆãè ãñš ñ ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ãšãß Ëãñ ʾãã½ãìßñ Øãâ ãê¾ãã ãñ ¾ããâ ãã Øãâ ã ãäìãàãñ ããè ÀâØããÞãñ ªãñ ã ãà ªñ ¾ããÞãã ããä ããäà ã ã ºããºããèÞ¾ãã ` ËãŒããÞãã Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ãã. ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ ãì ¾ãã ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ããñ ãñ ãããä ã ¹ãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãðÓŸ¼ããØããŒããËãèË ãìããè ã ÈùÎã Àù ã ÔãÞ¾ãã ºããâ ã ãšã½ããþãñ (Øããñ ããœããñàãâþ¾ãã ÔãÖã¾¾ãã ãñ) ãšã½ã ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã ` 3.65 ãšãñ ãèþ¾ãã ãâªã ããè ã ŒãÞããÃÔã ½ãã ¾ã ãã ãäªëãè. ¾ãã ãšã½ããþããè ãä ããäìãªã ¹ãÆãä ãš¾ãã ãìëõ 2012 ãœãñà Ôãì Öãñ ããè. ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã ã ãôãñ ãã ßËñ ãšãè, (ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2011) ãšãñ¾ã ãã ãëãäìã²ãì ã ¹ãÆ ãšê¹ããþãã (KHEP-3) ãä ãôãå¾ãã ¹¹¾ããâ ãøãã ã ãšãñß ãñšìãã ãè ãà ã 1975 ½ã ¾ãñ ãšã¾ããããä Ìã ã ããëñ. KHEP-3 ½ã ¾ãñ ÞããÀ ãäìã²ãì ã ããä ã ã ÔãâÞããâÞ¾ãã Üãâ ñ¹ãæ½ãã ãñ Â⪠½ãìŒããÔã½ããñÀ ºãÔããäÌãËñʾãã 36 ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ¹ãù ãêôãþãã 41 Ôã½ããÌãñÎã Öãñ ãã. MAHAGENCO ¾ããâ ããè EE ¾ããâ ãã ããùøãô 2001 ½ã ¾ãñ ãôãñ ãšßãäìãëñ ãšãè ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ºãÔããäÌãʾãã¹ããÔãì ã ¹ãã ¾ãã ã ºãì ËñËñ ããöñ ã. ¾ãã½ãìßñ ØãÀ ã ¹ã ʾããÔã ªñŒã¼ããËãèÞãñ ãšã½ã ãôãñ ÈùÎã Àù ã ÔãÞãñ ãä ããäààã ã, ÔÌãÞœ ãã, ÀâØã ãšã½ã Ìã ãì ãñ ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ºãªË ãñ ƒ ¾ããªãè ãšã½ãñ ¹ãã ¾ããÞããè ¹ãã ãßãè ãš½ããè ãôã ããâ ãã ãšàãìãñ.mahagenco ¾ããâ ããè ãôãñöãè ãšßãäìãëñ ãšãè Ôã ã ã ¹ãã ¾ããŒããËãè ãôãê¾ãã ãñ, Èù ã Ôã Àù ã Ôã ãä ãœãßì Îã ãš ãã ã Ìã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ¹ãã ãþã ã ãšãèìãà ãäìã¹ããäà ã ¹ããäÀ ãã½ã Öãñ Îã ãš ããñ. ãšãñ¾ã ãã ãøãà ¾ãñ ãñ ãì ã 2002 ½ã ¾ãñ ããëñê¾ãã ÔãÊËãØããÀ Ôããä½ã ããè ãñ (BoC) Ôãì ªã ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ºãõŸ ãšãè ã ½ãã ¾ã ãšñëñ ãšãè ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ¹ãî ãã ã: Øãâ ãê¾ãã ãñ ãñ ºãªË ãñ ããìãî¾ã ãš ããöñ. ¹ã ã ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ºãâªãèÔ ã ¹ãÆ ãšãàþãñ ãôãê¾ãã ãñ BoC ãñ ½Ö Ëñ ãšãè ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ºãªË ¾ããÞãñ ãšã½ã ã ããâþ¾ãã ªñŒãÀñŒããèŒããËãè Øããñ ããœããñàãâþ¾ã㠽㪠ããè ãñ ¹ãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãðÓŸ¼ããØããŒããËãè ãšàãìãñ ËãØãñË. ¾ãã ªÀ½¾ãã ã, EE ¾ããâ ããè MAHAGENCO ¾ããâ ãã ãä¹ãæë 2002 ½ã ¾ãñ ãšßãäìãëñ ãšãè ªìÂÔ ããèþ¾ãã ãšã½ãã ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ¾ããÞãã ¹ãÆÌããÖ ºã⪠ãšàãìãã ËãØãñË. MAHAGENCO ¾ããâ ããè ½Ö Ëñ (½ãñ 2002) ãšãè, Àã ¾ãã ã ãäìã ãñþããè Ôã ã ã ½ããØã ããè ãôãê¾ãã ãñ ãšãñ¾ã ãã ãäìã²ãì ã ãòš³ãþããè ÔãÌãà ããä ã ãñ ããñ ãã ãšãßã ãšãäà ãã Ôãì ã ºã⪠ãšà ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ããöãè. Ôã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããè ã ãà ã ãšãñà ñ Ÿñ ã ãäìã ããä ã½ããê ããè ããâºããäìã ãñ Îã ã ¾ã ããöãè. MAHAGENCO ¾ããâ ããè EE ãã ¹ãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãðÓŸ¼ããØããŒããËãè ªìÂÔ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ãã ãìãä ã ãš ¹ã ã Ìãã¹ãÀŠ ã ãšà ¾ããÞããè ãäìã ãâ ããè ãñšëãè. ãäìã¼ããøãã ãñ MAHAGENCO ãããä ã BoC ¾ããâÞãñ ããâãä ã ãš ½ã ã Ëàãã ã Üãñ ãëñ ããöãè ãããä ã MAHAGENCO ¹ãã ããè ºã⪠ãšà ããèë ãôãñ ØãðÖãè ã ãâ ã ãìããè ã ÈùÎã Àù ã ÔãÞ¾ãã (ºãâªãèÔ ã ¹ã ããèþãñ) ¼ããÀ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ãä ÔãòºãÀ 2005 ½ã ¾ãñ Öã ããè Üãñ ãëñ. ¾ãã½ãìßñ ` ËãŒããÞãã ŒãÞãà ̾ã ããþã ããëã ããöãè ãà ãìããè ã ÈùÎã Àù ã ÔãÞ¾ãã ¼ããÀ ããèëã ã Š ÌãÓããÃÞãã ãã ãñìããàãè 2003 ãñ ãìëõ 2012 ¹ã¾ãÄ ã ãäìãëâºã ããëã ãšàãà ãã½¾ããþ¾ãã ãšë½ã 15 (1) ã Ìã¾ãñ ÈùÎã Àù ãš ¹ãù ãë Öãè ãîããè ¾ããñ ã ãã ããöñ ¾ãã½ãìßñ ¹ãã ããè ãäìã²ãì ã ãä ã½ããê ããè ãšàãè ãã ¹ãã ãþã ã ãšãè ã ¹ããŸãäÌã ããâ ãã ¾ãã ããèë ãšþãàã ã Ìã ãñ. 50

144 ¹ãÆ ãšà ã III-̾ãÌãÖãÀãâÞãñ ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ã ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ½Ö Ëñ ( ãìëõ 2012) ãšãè MAHAGENCO ãñ ¹ãã ããè ºã⪠ãšà ¾ããÞãñ ããîìããôã ã ãäªê¾ãã½ãìßñ ºãâªãèÔ ã ¹ã ããèþãñ ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ¼ããÀ ããèþãñ ãšã½ã ãšà ¾ããÞãã ãä ã ãã¾ã Üãñ ¾ãã ã ããëã Ìã ãä ÔãñâºãÀ 2005 ½ã ¾ãñ ãšâ ãã ªñ ¾ãã ã ããëñ. ¹ãÀâ ãì ãâ ãà MAHAGENCO ãñ ¹ãã ããè ºã⪠ãšà ¾ããÞãñ ãã ãšãàëñ ¾ãã½ãìßñ ãì ¾ãã ¹ãù ãêôã ¹ãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãðÓŸ¼ããØããŒããËãèË ¹ã ª ã Ìãã¹ã 㠺ãªË ¾ããŒãñÀãèÔã ãšãñ ã ããþã ¹ã¾ããþã ãìö ãã. ãñ ãñ ãšâ ã ¼ããØã-3 Þ¾ãã ¹ãã ããèþã ã ãšãèþãñ ãì ãšôãã ã ãß ãã ¾ãñƒÃË. ÎããÔã ãã ãñ ãäôìã ãšãàëñ ãšãè 15 ãäªìãôããâ ãšãäà ãã ¹ãã ããè ºã⪠ãšà ãñ ½Ö ã ãñ ãäìã²ãì ã ãä ã½ããê ããèþãñ 100 ªÎãËàã ¾ãìãä ã Þãñ ãä ãâšìãã ` 40 ãšãñ ãèþãñ 42 ãì ãšôãã ã ãšà ãñ Öãñ ãñ ¾ãã½ãìßñ Àã ¾ãã ããèë ãäìã²ãì ã ¹ããäÀãäÔ ã ããè ãã ãœããè ãäºãüã Ëãè ãôã ããè. ¹ãÀâ ãì ¹ãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãðÓŸ¼ããØããŒããËãèË ¹ã ã ãäôìã ãšãàê¾ãã½ãìßñ, ¹ãã ããè ºã⪠ãšà ãñ ãß ãã ¾ãñƒÃË ãããä ã Àã ¾ãã ã ãäìã²ãì ã ãä ã½ããê ããèþãñ ãì ãšôãã ã Öãñ ããà ããöãè. ÌãÀãèË ãà ªÎãÃãäÌã ãñ ãšãè, ¹ãã ããè ããñ ãã Ìãñßã ãšàãè ãã ºã⪠ãšà ¾ããÞ¾ãã Øãâ¼ããèÀ ãñþããè ÎããÔã ããëã ¹ãî ãã¹ã ãñ ãã ããèìã Öãñ ããè ãããä ã ½Ö ãî ã ÔãìÀÌãã ããèëãþã ¹ãã ¾ããÞ¾ãã ¹ãðÓŸ¼ããØããŒããËãè ¼ããÀ ããè ãšà ãñ ãäôìã ãšãàã¾ãëã ÖÌãñ Öãñ ãñ. Öãè ãðš ããè MAHAGENCO ãããä ã BoC ¾ããâÞ¾ãã ½ã ããëã ãâ ã ãôã ããè ãããä ã ¾ãã½ãìßñ ÈùÎã Àù ã Ôã ¼ããÀ ããèëã ËãØã ããàã ÎããèÀ Ìã ` ËãŒããÞãã ÔãìÀŠÌãã ããèëã ãšñëñëã ̾ã ãã ŒãÞãà ãß ãã ããëã ãôã ãã. ããøã¹ãîà, ãäª ããâ ãš 14 ½ããÞãÃ, 2013 (ÎããèËã ããñøã) ½ãÖãËñŒãã ãšãà (ËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàãã)-II, ½ãÖãÀãÓ È ¹ãÆãä ãöô ããàãàãè ã ãìããè ãäªêëãè, ãäª ããâ ãš 18 ½ããÞãÃ, 2013 (ãäìã ããñª Àã¾ã) ¼ããÀ ããþãñ ãä ã¾ãâ ã ãš ãããä ã ½ãÖãËñŒãã¹ãÀãèàã ãš 42 ̾ãã¹ããÀãè ¹ã㪠㠽ãìʾã ` 4 ¹ãÆãä ã ¾ãìãä ã ¹ãƽãã ãñ 51

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