Country Report Poland

Transcription

1 Country Report Poland Mid-term workshop Brussels, 3-4 December 2015

2 The Occupational Welfare (OW) in Poland Definition of OW sum of benefits and services provided by state and social partners employers and trade unions (by themselves or with the participation of state) to employees as a result of an employment contract Origin of OW taxes, mandatory (para-fiscal) contributions, voluntary contributions of employers OW plays supplementary role to Social Welfare (SW)

3 The Occupational Welfare in Poland key figures Poland Per head % of GDP Average 9 countries Per head % of GDP Average 8 countries (w/t Poland) Per head % of GDP OECD average Per head % of GDP

4 The Occupational Welfare in the Country key figures National statistics (Ministry of Finance) - expenditure on social protection amounts to (% of GDP): 16.3 (2014) 16.3 (2013) 15.9 (2012) 15.7 (2011) 16.5 (2010) Eurostat - expenditure on social protection amounts to 18.1% of GDP (2012), and has been falling steadily since 2009

5 Occupational Pensions in Poland (1) I pillar Mandatory Public Social Insurance Fund (Fundusz Ubezpieczeń Społecznych, FUS), operated by the public Social Security Institution (Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych, ZUS) Agricultural Social Security Institution (Kasa Rolniczego Ubezpieczenia Społecznego, KRUS) - a separate pensions scheme for farmers, mostly state-subsidised ZUS contribution of 17% of gross earnings KRUS lump sum, benefit largely state-subsidised (around 90%) II pillar Mandatory Private Open Pensions Funds (Otwarte Fundusze Emerytalne, OFE), pensions schemes operated by private entities, contributions invested in the market Contribution of 2.3% of gross earnings, to be increased gradually to 3.5% by 2017 (prior to %) III pillar Optional Private Employee pension programmes (PPE): employee pension funds (PFE); a contract requiring that the employer contribute to an investment fund on the employees behalf; a group life insurance and investment contract with an insurance institution; a contract on management of foreign assets individual pension accounts (IKE) and individual pension protection accounts (IKZE)

6 Occupational Pensions in Poland (2) Coverage I pillar II pillar III pillar All persons in employment Until 2014 all persons in Optional (employed, self-employed) employment (employed, selfmeeting the age and working employed) born 1968 and life-span conditions onwards and those born who opted to join II pillar Level of protection Pensions (non-inheritable) + public health benefits Assets ZUS employed (insured) + states (minor share) Currently persons in employment (employed, selfemployed) who opted to join/stay with II pillar Pensions (non- inheritable) Pensions (inheritable), insurance policies (inheritable) Employed (insured) Employed (insured) KRUS State + employed (insured) (minor share) Distribution of protection Public institutions Private institutions (licensed) Private institutions (licensed) Institutional traits Unilateral management Unilateral management Unilateral/bilateral management

7 Occupational Unemployment Schemes in Poland Unemployment Insurance (UI) Unemployment Assistance (UA) Social Assistance (SA) Benefits Main qualifying conditions Funding unemployment benefit (UB) (zasiłek dla bezrobotnych) "social benefits (świadczenia pomocy społecznej) Eligibility for the UB depends on meeting the following conditions: having worked at least 365 days within the 18 months preceding the official registration as unemployed with the labour administration, having collected at least the national minimum wage, having had their social security (including Labour Fund dues) and health insurance contributions duly paid. UB is not earnings-related. The reduced rate (80%) applies to unemployed people with an employment history of less than five years. The increased rate at 120% applies to unemployed people with an employment history of at least 20 years. UB is available for a period of six to 12 months SA benefits are not related to the labour market status of the beneficiary/applicant, as the major criteria defined by the Social Assistance Act are income-related (social minimum). The Labour Fund (Fundusz Pracy), relies mostly on mandatory contributions paid by employers for their employees, supplemented with minor state subsidies (national budget). Taxes

8 Occupational Unemployment in Poland Types of benefits: no UI, only UB (not earningsrelated), SA (income-related, available to both employed and unemployed); Coverage: UB - those with due contributions delivered to the system (additional conditions apply), SA everyone below the income threshold; Level of protection: mediocre; Institutional traits: unilateral management (state)

9 Analytical Insights Three worlds of Polish industrial relations three worlds of OW?; Employer voluntarism in the area of OW; Company-level social funds (ZFŚS) as the main; channel of union influence over allocation of OW; Private healthcare; Segmentation of internal labour markets according to employment (contractual) status.