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1 - Ratios on a Tape Diagram: The tape diagram shows the ratio of boys to girls in a swimming class. How can you describe the ratio of boys to girls? Boys Girls For every 6 boys in the class, there are girls in the class. Ratios Using a Double Number Line diagram: Megan plays the piano every day. Using the double number line, describe the ratio of the number of days she plays the piano in one week to the total number of minutes she plays the piano that week. Day of the Week Write each ratio in two other ways : 8. : 2 Write the ratio described in each problem.. A bookstore has three times as many paperback books as hardcover books. Write a ratio describing the number of paperback books to the number of hardcover books. 0. A doggie daycare currently has large dogs. They have 8 medium-size dogs and small dogs. Write a ratio to describe the number of small dogs to the number of large dogs. Describe the ratio shown in each diagram : 20, 0 to 20 Cats Dogs :, to, :, or to, :, or to, : 8, or to Total Number of Minutes Playing the Piano 6, 6 to 8 8, to to to : : 0, 80, 80 : :, 2 to to, 2. Cars Boats,:, to Course Lesson -

2 - (continued) Ratios. Apples Oranges 2, 2 :, 2 to Describe the ratio shown in each diagram and explain the meaning of the ratio.. Miles Walked Total Number of Minutes Spent Walking, :, or to ; for every mile walked, minutes were spent walking.. Amount Earned (Dollars) Total Number of Hours Worked 0, 0 : or 0 to ; for every $0 earned, one hour of work has been completed. Course Lesson -

3 -2 Unit Rates A rate is a ratio that compares quantities that are measured in different units. Suppose a sprinter runs 00 yards in 0 seconds. 00 yd 0 s compares yards to seconds. A unit rate compares a quantity to one unit of another quantity. You can find the unit rate by dividing by the denominator. 00 yd 0 0 s 0 0 yd s 0 yards per second is the sprinter s unit rate. Find the unit cost for each situation.. $0 for 0 shirts 2. $0 for games. $20 for toys $/shirt $0/game $/toy. $20 for 6 shirts. $ for boxes 6. $2 for books $20/shirt $/box $/book. $00 for rackets 8. $6 for hours. $.8 for 6 cans $20/racket $8/hour $0./can Write the unit rate as a ratio. Then find an equal ratio. 0. The cost is $. for item. Find the cost of items. $2.. There are cheerleaders in a squad. Find the number of cheerleaders on 2 squads. 8 cheerleaders 2. The cost if $0.0 for item. Find the cost of 0 items. $0. There are 2. centimeters per one inch. Find the number of centimeters in inches. 2. cm For Exercises 6, tell which unit rate is greater.. Dillan scores 2 points in 2 games. Eric scores 0 points in games. 2 points in 2 games. A fern grows inches in 2 months. A tree grows 6 inches in months. inches in 2 months 6. Tyler jogs miles in 2 minutes. Joey jogs 2 miles in 8 minutes. miles in 2 minutes Course Lesson -2

4 - Equivalent Ratios and Rates Two ratios that name the same number are equivalent ratios. You can use multiplication tables to find equivalent ratios.. Use a multiplication table to find three ratios that are equivalent to 2 to The equivalent ratios are to 6, 6 to, and 8 to 2. How to solve rate problems: Given: Maggie reads 20 pages an hour. She reads for hours. How many pages will she have read after hours?. Method : Make a table of equivalent ratios. Hours 2 Pages Read Maggie reads 60 pages after hours. 2. Method 2: Make a double number line. Hours Pages Read Maggie reads 60 pages after hours. Use equivalent ratios and rates to answer each question.. Chen rode her bicycle for minutes, days in a row. How long did she ride her bike in total over the days? 60 minutes 2. A hot dog costs $.. How much do 0 hot dogs cost? $2.0. Elijah works in the garden three times a week for one month. How many times does Elijah work in the garden in one month? 2 times Course Lesson -

5 - (continued) Equivalent Ratios and Rates. Sarah made a snack mix using pretzels and popcorn. The ratio of pretzels to popcorn was :. She used 6 cups of popcorn. How many cups of pretzels did she use? 2 cups. The ratio of adults to children at a park is /. The total number of people at the park is 6. How many children are at the park? 2 children Course Lesson -

6 - Using Ratios to Convert Measurement Units To convert from one unit of measurement to another, use a ratio of equivalent measurements in which the two quantities are equal, but use different units. Example : Use Ratios to Convert Measures Hannah has a 6 inch jump rope. What is the length of the jump rope in feet? First, write a ratio to relate feet and inches. Write the new unit, feet, in the numerator. foot/2 inches Then multiply the given measurement by the ratio: 6 inches 6 inches a foot 2 inches b 6 inches a foot 2 inches b 6 feet 8 feet 2 Hannah s jump rope is 8 feet long. Example 2: Converting Metric Units Convert 2 meters to kilometers. Multiply the given measure by the correct ratio of equivalent measurements. Write the new units, kilometers, in the numerator. 2 meters 2 meters 2 meters 2 kilometer 000 Exercises: a kilometer 000 meters b kilometer Convert each measurement. a kilometer,000 meters b. grams to milligrams,000 milligrams centiliters to liters 2 liters. 2 meters to centimeters 200 centimeters. 6 cups to quarts quarts. feet to inches 6 inches 6. 2 pints to cups 2 cups. 2 miles to yards,20 yards 8. kilometers to meters 000 meters Course Lesson -

7 - A percent is a ratio that compares a number to 00. The figure at the right contains squares. of the squares are shaded. To write as a percent, follow these steps. Write a ratio with a denominator of 00 that is equal to. 2 Write the ratio as a percent. Understanding Percents?? = 6% 6% of the squares are shaded. Write a percent for each shaded figure Write each ratio as a percent. 0% 0% % 0% 6% %. 60% % %. % %. 2 8% %. 00 % % % % % 0% % % Course Lesson -

8 -6 Percents, Fractions, and Decimals To write a percent as a fraction in simplest form, first write a fraction with a denominator of 00. Then simplify. % 00 0 To write a percent as a decimal, first write a fraction with a denominator of 00. Then write the decimal. % To write a decimal as a percent, move the decimal point two places to the right % Write each percent as a decimal and as a fraction in simplest form.. 0% 2. %. 6%. % 0.0, 0. 2% 6. 80%. 2% 8. 8% 0.2, 2 Write each fraction or decimal as a percent. Here are two ways to write a fraction as a percent. Write an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 00, then write the percent % Divide the numerator by the denominator. So, 8.% % 0..% 8q % % 0., , , 0.2, 2 00 c Move the decimal point two places to the right , , 0 8% 6% 2.% 0% 6% 0.8% 0% 2% % % 0% % 60% Course Lesson -6

9 - Finding the Percent of a Number You can find 0% of 0 using different methods. Use mental math. 2 Write the percent as a fraction in simplest form. 0% Multiply by the fraction % of 0 6. Find each answer using mental math.. % of % of 60. 0% of 80. % of 60 Find each answer using a bar model.. 0% of 60 0% =? 0% 0% 0% 0% 6. 8% of 00 0% 0% 0% 0% Use a Model Find 0% of 0. The bar model shows the total of 0 and 0% of the total. 0% =? 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 00% = $0 0 parts 0 part 0 0 0% is parts and 6 So 0% of 0 is % 00% = $60 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% of % =? 0% 00% = $00 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 8% of 00 Course Lesson -

10 - (continued) Finding the Percent of a Number. 22% of 00 22% =? 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 00% = $00 22% of % of 00 % =? 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 00% = $00 % of 00 8 Find each answer.. % of % of 0. % of % of % of 80. % of Course Lesson -

11 -8 Finding the Whole A percent is a quantity out of 00. You are given the percent of a number and the part that results, but you do not know the whole quantity. Two methods you can use to find the whole quantity are equivalent ratios and equations. Example : Use Equivalent Ratios Marvin bought a new school bag for $. This is 60% of the original price. What was the original price of the school bag? Write a fraction for 60% in simplest form. 60% Make a table of equivalent ratios to find the whole. Part 60 Whole 00 The original price of the school bag was $. Example 2: Use an equation. A farmer has 280 vegetables for sale at his farmer s stand. These vegetables represent 80% of the vegetables he brought to the stand. How many vegetables did he bring in all? Write a fraction in simplest form for 80%. 80% Write an equation. Solve to find the whole, x. Think: 280 is of what number? 280 x 280 x a b 0 x The farmer brought 0 vegetables to the stand. Exercises:. 2 is 0% of what number? is 8% of what number? 0. 0 is % of what number? is 60% of what number? is 80% of what number?. Course Lesson -8