Trade Profiles. WTO budget contribution. Commercial services trade. Outstanding notifications. Trade ranking. Trade to GDP. Merchandise trade.

Transcription

1 Trade Profiles Trade fows and trade policy measures Trade to GDP Outstanding notifications WTO budget contribution Trade ranking Commercial services trade Merchandise trade Tariffs Duty free imports Disputes

2 About the WTO The deals with the global rules of trade between nations. Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. About this publication Trade Profiles combine information on trade flows and trade policy measures of members, observers and other selected economies. The information is retrieved from various WTO Divisions and external sources and presented in standardized format for quick reference. For more information The statistical tables included in this report can be downloaded from the WTO web site at Where to find more online:

3 Contents Introduction 2 WTO members and observers Technical notes Country profiles Index of country profiles Acknowledgements 89

4 Introduction These Trade Profiles combine information on trade flows and trade policy measures of WTO members, observers and other selected economies. The information is retrieved from various WTO Divisions and external sources and presented in standardized format for quick reference. The indicators are divided into five categories: I. Basic economic indicators population, GDP, current account balance, etc. II. Trade policy indicators specific WTO relevant information, including tariff binding information, import duties collected in total tax revenue, the number of dispute rulings (complainant, defendant), notifications outstanding and contingency measures in force. III. Merchandise trade indicators (customs-based statistics) information on total trade flows broken down by broad product categories and major origins and destinations. IV. Commercial services indicators (balance of payments based statistics) trends in total trade flows and a breakdown by major components. V. Industrial property indicators annual number of patents granted and marks registered in the name of residents and non-residents in the economy. Data are currently provided for as many members and observers for which adequate information is available in the WTO Secretariat and other national and international bodies. For updates, see the Statistics Database at For sources and methodology, see the Technical Notes on page. The definition of economies in this booklet does not imply an expression of opinion by the WTO Secretariat concerning the status of any country or territory, the delimitation of its frontiers, nor regarding the rights and obligations of any WTO member in respect of WTO Agreements. Throughout this report, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the Republic of Korea and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu are referenced as Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. of, Korea, Republic of and Taipei, Chinese respectively. 2

5 WTO members and observers WTO members Others WTO observers WTO members (as of 2 September 20)* observers Albania Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Bahrain, Kingdom of Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia, Plurinational State of Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Côte d Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia European Union (formerly European Communities) Fiji Finland Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) France Gabon The Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong, China Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kenya Korea, Republic of Kuwait Kyrgyz Republic Latvia Lesotho Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao, China Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Senegal Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Chinese Taipei Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States of America Uruguay Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Viet Nam Zambia Zimbabwe Afghanistan Algeria Andorra Azerbaijan Bahamas Belarus Bhutan Bosnia and Herzegovina Comoros Equatorial Guinea Ethiopia Holy See (Vatican) Iran Iraq Kazakhstan Lao People s Democratic Republic Lebanese Republic Liberia, Republic of Libya Montenegro Russian Federation Samoa São Tomé and Principe Serbia Seychelles Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Uzbekistan Vanuatu Yemen *Members are mostly governments but can also be customs territories.

6 General note Annual average percentage changes are calculated using a geometric average. Minor discrepancies between constituent figures and totals are due to rounding. Tables include in general information for the period latest available year. Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are expressed in United States dollars; (ii) merchandise trade figures are on a customs basis; (iii) trade in commercial services data are on a balance of payments basis; and (iv) merchandise exports are valued f.o.b. and merchandise imports c.i.f. Comments and enquiries on this booklet should be addressed to statistics@wto.org Closing date 2 September 20. Technical notes Basic indicators Trade per capita is estimated as an economy s total trade of goods and commercial services (exports + imports, balance of payments basis) divided by the population. It is calculated on the basis of data for the three latest years available. Trade to GDP ratio is estimated as an economy s total trade of goods and commercial services (exports + imports, balance of payments basis) divided by GDP, on the basis of data for the three latest years available. GDP is measured in nominal terms and with market exchange rates. Real GDP, exports and imports of goods and services (national accounts based), refer to data at constant prices or volume figures based on 200. Ranks in world trade of merchandise and commercial services are defined first referring to European Union (EU (2)) members as individual traders and second referring to the EU (2) as one trader (i.e. excluding individual EU (2) members). Trade policy The Trade Policy Review date indicates the date of the latest policy review for the economy considered. The tariff binding coverage corresponds to the number of the Harmonized System (HS) subheadings containing at least one bound tariff line divided by the respective total number of HS subheadings of the corresponding version of the HS nomenclature. For MFN bound tariffs, the simple average of import duties refers to the simple average of ad-valorem (AV) and calculable ad-valorem equivalent (AVE) of final bound HS six-digit duties. For MFN applied tariffs it refers to the simple average of AV and calculable AVE of MFN applied HS six-digit duties. The non-av duties as a percentage of total tariff lines refer to the share of HS six-digit subheadings subject to non-av duties. When only part of the HS six-digit subheading is subject to non-av duties the percentage share of these tariff lines is used. Agricultural goods according to the AOA (WTO Agreement on Agriculture) definition refer to HS chapters to 2 (excluding fish and fish products) and a number of manufactured agricultural products (for further information see The Legal Texts, The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Negotiations, WTO). This definition does not correspond to the definition of agricultural products presented in the breakdown of merchandise trade by main commodity group (see below). Import duties collected in total tax revenue and import duties collected to total imports (goods and commercial services) are estimated in general on the basis of data for the three latest years available. The number of services sectors with GATS commitments has been established by the WTO Secretariat on the basis of available information and in the light of the Services Sectoral Classification List (MTN.GNS/W/20). The total number of sub-sectors is in the order of 0. In the absence of a GATS schedule for the EU (2), the total number of services sub-sectors listed in the statistical profiles of the individual EC-2 members and of the EU (2) is that of the existing European Communities (EC) schedule. For EU (2) members the number of notifications outstanding (NO) refers to the sum of NO of the EU and of the individual economy. The number of contingency measures in force is based on information made available to relevant committees (annual reports G\L\9, G\L\9 and G\L\9). Please note that there is no obligation on WTO members to notify the expiry or termination of safeguard measures. For the number of disputes, a dispute is understood to be a proceeding initiated under the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU) and identified by a reference number (WT/ DS...). Reports refer to those adopted by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). For EU (2) individual members the numbers refer to the EU figures plus any additional disputes involving

7 only the member considered. For more information refer to disputes. Merchandise trade (customs-based statistics) The share in world total exports and imports of merchandise for individual economies is calculated using world trade including intra-eu (2) trade. For the EU (2) as one trading reporter the share is calculated on the basis of world trade excluding intra-eu (2) trade. Breakdown by main commodity group according to the ITS (WTO International Trade Statistics) definitions: Agricultural products refer to food (SITC Rev. sections 0,, and division 22) and raw materials (SITC Rev. divisions 2, 2, 2, 2 and 2). It differs from the Agricultural goods AOA definition (see above). Fuels and mining products include ores and other minerals; fuels and non-ferrous metals. Manufactures refer to iron and steel, chemicals, other semi-manufactures, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, clothing and other consumer goods. Please note that due to the products not classified in the three main product groups, the sum of shares may not add up to 00. Breakdown by main destination and origin: EU (2) members are grouped as one trading partner. Shares for unspecified destinations/origins are presented when at least one of the shares is greater than the share of the fifth main destination/origin. Re-imports are also included. Commercial services (balance of payments based statistics) The share in world total exports and imports of commercial services for individual economies is calculated using world trade including intra-eu (2) trade. For the EU (2) as one trading reporter the share is calculated on the basis of world trade excluding intra- EU (2) trade. Breakdown by principal services items: refer to communication, construction, insurance, financial, computer, information, other business, and personal, cultural and recreational services, and royalties and license fees. Industrial property Data refer to the annual number of patents granted to (including those based on PCT international applications) and trademark registrations effected (including designations under the Madrid Agreement or Protocol) in the name of residents and non-residents of the considered economy. Statistical sources: Eurostat, online database; IMF, Balance of Payments Statistics and Government Finance Statistics; UNCTAD, TRAINS database; UNSD, Comtrade database (for OECD members, UNSD-OECD Joint Trade Data Collection and Processing System); World Bank, World Development Indicators; WIPO, Industrial Property Statistics; WTO and national statistics. EU (2) refers to the EU members as of January 200, including EC-2 members (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom) and Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Sweden. The Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu is referred to as Taipei, Chinese in the tables. Symbols and abbreviations... Not available or not reported - Not applicable AOA CRN DSU EIA EU GATS GDP GPA ITS MFN PPP RTA WTO Agreement on Agriculture Central Registry of Notifications Dispute Settlement Understanding Economic Integration Agreement European Union General Agreement on Trade in Services Gross Domestic Product Government Procurement Agreement WTO International Trade Statistics Most Favoured Nation Purchasing Power Parity Regional Trade Agreement

8 Country profiles Index of country profiles Afghanistan Albania 8 Algeria 9 Angola 0 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina 2 Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain, Kingdom of 8 Bangladesh 9 Barbados 20 Belarus 2 Belgium 22 Belize 2 Benin 2 Bhutan 2 Bolivia, Plurinational State of 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 Botswana 28 Brazil 29 Brunei Darussalam 0 Bulgaria Burkina Faso 2 Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic 8 Chad 9 Chile 0 China Colombia 2 Comoros Congo Congo, Dem. Rep. of Costa Rica Côte d Ivoire Croatia 8 Cuba 9 Cyprus 0 Czech Republic Denmark 2 Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador 8 Equatorial Guinea 9 Eritrea 0 Estonia Ethiopia 2 European Union (2) Fiji Finland France FYR Macedonia Gabon 8 Gambia 9 Georgia 0 Germany Ghana 2 Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana 8 Haiti 9 Honduras 80 Hong Kong, China 8 Hungary 82 Iceland 8 India 8 Indonesia 8 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8 Iraq 8 Ireland 88 Israel 89 Italy 90 Jamaica 9 Japan 92 Jordan 9 Kazakhstan 9 Kenya 9 Korea, Republic of 9 Kuwait 9 Kyrgyz Republic 98 Lao People s Dem. Rep. 99 Latvia 00 Lebanon 0 Lesotho 02 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 0 Lithuania 0 Luxembourg 0 Macao, China 0 Madagascar 0 Malawi 08 Malaysia 09 Maldives 0 Mali Malta 2 Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Montenegro 8 Morocco 9 Mozambique 20 Myanmar 2 Namibia 22 Nepal 2 Netherlands 2 New Zealand 2 Nicaragua 2 Niger 2 Nigeria 28 Norway 29 Oman 0 Pakistan Panama 2 Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal 8 Qatar 9 Romania 0 Russian Federation Rwanda 2 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa São Tomé and Principe Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of 8 Senegal 9 Serbia 0 Seychelles Sierra Leone 2 Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain 8 Sri Lanka 9 Sudan 0 Suriname Swaziland 2 Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Taipei, Chinese Tajikistan Tanzania 8 Thailand 9 Togo 0 Tonga Trinidad and Tobago 2 Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates 8 United Kingdom 9 United States 80 Uruguay 8 Uzbekistan 82 Vanuatu 8 Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. of 8 Viet Nam 8 Yemen 8 Zambia 8 Zimbabwe 88. The information provided by the European Union covers its 2 members states.

9 Afghanistan Population (thousands, ) 8 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, 2008) Merchandise 0 2 GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) 0 excluding intra-eu trade 99 Current account balance (million US$, )... Commercial services 9 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-)... excluding intra-eu trade Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... WTO accession Observer Contribution to WTO budget - Trade Policy Review - Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession - in total tax revenue. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports... Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry - Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 2-0 All goods -. Anti-dumping - Agricultural goods (AOA) -.8 Countervailing duties - Non-agricultural goods -. Safeguards - Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, 2008) -... Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports - 0. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products. Agricultural products. Fuels and mining products 0.0 Fuels and mining products.2 Manufactures. Manufactures 2.2. Pakistan 9.0. Uzbekistan India.8 2. China.. Turkey 9.0. Pakistan.. Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8.2. European Union (2) 9.9. Russian Federation.. Japan 9. COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office...

10 Albania Population (thousands, ) 20 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 8 Merchandise 8 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) excluding intra-eu trade 09 9 Current account balance (million US$, ) - 0 Commercial services Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 22 excluding intra-eu trade Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) -2-9 WTO accession 8 September 2000 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.02 Trade Policy Review 28, 0 April Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession Observer in total tax revenue. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports. Tariff binding coverage (%) 00 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 0 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - All goods.0.0 Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA) 9..9 Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods.. Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) 0-0. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 08 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products.9 Agricultural products 9.0 Fuels and mining products 0.8 Fuels and mining products. Manufactures 2.0 Manufactures.. European Union (2) 0.0. European Union (2). 2. Serbia China.. Turkey.0. Turkey.. China.. Serbia.. Switzerland.. Russian Federation Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office,

11 Algeria Population (thousands, ) 8 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 9 2 Merchandise 9 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 29 excluding intra-eu trade Current account balance (million US$, ) 02 Commercial services 8 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 29 excluding intra-eu trade 2 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a... WTO accession Observer Contribution to WTO budget - Trade Policy Review - Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession - in total tax revenue. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports.9 Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry - Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods - 8. Anti-dumping - Agricultural goods (AOA) - 2. Countervailing duties - Non-agricultural goods -.8 Safeguards - Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports -.0 Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 0. Agricultural products 8. Fuels and mining products 98. Fuels and mining products. Manufactures 0.8 Manufactures 8.0. European Union (2) 9.. European Union (2) United States China.2. Canada.2. United States.2. Turkey.. Korea, Republic of.8. Brazil.2. Japan.8 COUNTRY profiles b 0.09 b Patent grants by patent office, 200 Trademark registrations by office, a Refers to and to the average annual percentage change for b Breakdowns by services items refer to. 9

12 Angola Population (thousands, ) Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 8 9 Merchandise 0 9 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) excluding intra-eu trade Current account balance (million US$, ) - 2 Commercial services 28 2 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 902 excluding intra-eu trade 02 2 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... WTO accession 2 November 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) Trade Policy Review, February 200 Import duties collected GPA accession - in total tax revenue... Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports... Tariff binding coverage (%) 00 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 0 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods 9.2. Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods 0..9 Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) 0-0 Merchandise imports, f.o.b. (million US$) Agricultural products 0. Agricultural products... Fuels and mining products 99.0 Fuels and mining products... Manufactures 0.8 Manufactures a a Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office... a Breakdowns by services items refer to. 0

13 Antigua and Barbuda Population (thousands, ) 89 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 0 Merchandise 8 9 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 8 excluding intra-eu trade Current account balance (million US$, ) - Commercial services Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 29 excluding intra-eu trade 0 9 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.0 Trade Policy Review, November 200 Import duties collected GPA accession - in total tax revenue... Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports... Tariff binding coverage (%) 9.8 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 2-2 All goods Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA) 0.. Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods. 9.0 Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, 200) - 0. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - 0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products. Agricultural products. Fuels and mining products.9 Fuels and mining products 2. Manufactures 0.9 Manufactures.. United States 29.. United States. 2. European Union (2) European Union (2).. Panama 2.. China.. Netherlands Antilles.. Trinidad and Tobago.. Dominica.. Japan. COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office, 200 Trademark registrations by office,

14 Argentina Population (thousands, ) 0 2 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 8 2 Merchandise 2 8 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 2 2 excluding intra-eu trade 28 0 Current account balance (million US$, ) Commercial services Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) excluding intra-eu trade Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) 0 - Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) 8-9 WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0. Trade Policy Review 2, February 200 Import duties collected (%, ) GPA accession Observer in total tax revenue 2.8 Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports.8 Tariff binding coverage (%) 00 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 2 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - All goods.9 2. Anti-dumping (0 June ) 8 Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) 0.0. Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) -. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 2-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 0. Agricultural products. Fuels and mining products. Fuels and mining products 0. Manufactures.9 Manufactures 8.. Brazil 2.2. Brazil. 2. European Union (2). 2. European Union (2).. China 8.. China.. Chile.. United States 0.8. United States.. Mexico.2 Unspecified destinations.9 Unspecified origins Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Trademark registrations by office,

15 Armenia Population (thousands, ) 092 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 9 2 Merchandise GDP (million current PPP US$, ) excluding intra-eu trade 9 0 Current account balance (million US$, ) - 0 Commercial services 2 2 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 89 excluding intra-eu trade 9 99 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) -2-2 Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) WTO accession February 200 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.0 Trade Policy Review, 8 April Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession Observer in total tax revenue. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports 2.2 Tariff binding coverage (%) 00 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 9 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 8-0 All goods Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA)..8 Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods. 2.2 Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, 2008) Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports 0-0. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 0 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products. Agricultural products 8. Fuels and mining products.8 Fuels and mining products 20.8 Manufactures.0 Manufactures.. European Union (2) 9.. European Union (2) Russian Federation.8 2. Russian Federation 2.9. United States 8.. China 0.. Georgia.8. Ukraine.. Iran, Islamic Rep. of.9. Iran, Islamic Rep. of.8 COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office, Trademark registrations by office,

16 Australia Population (thousands, ) Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 92 8 Merchandise 2 9 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 8 0 excluding intra-eu trade Current account balance (million US$, ) - 99 Commercial services Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) excluding intra-eu trade Trade to GDP ratio (200-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a 0... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20).90 Trade Policy Review, April 20 Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession Observer in total tax revenue.8 Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports 2. Tariff binding coverage (%) 9. Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 0 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 8 - All goods Anti-dumping (0 June ) 2 Agricultural goods (AOA).. Countervailing duties (0 June ) Non-agricultural goods.0.0 Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports -.0 Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 0 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 2. Agricultural products.9 Fuels and mining products. Fuels and mining products. Manufactures 2. Manufactures 2.. China 2.. China Japan European Union (2) 8.. Korea, Republic of 8.9. United States.. European Union (2).9. Japan 8.. India.. Thailand Patent grants by patent office, 2008 Trademark registrations by office, a Refers to 2008 and to the average annual percentage change for

17 Austria Population (thousands, ) 8 8 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 2 Merchandise 29 2 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 2 8 excluding intra-eu trade - - Current account balance (million US$, ) 0 28 Commercial services 2 29 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 8 excluding intra-eu trade - - Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20).2 Trade Policy Review, 8 July 20 Import duties collected GPA accession January 99 in total tax revenue... Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports... Tariff binding coverage (%) 00 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 8 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods.0. Anti-dumping (0 June ) 9 Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June ) 8 Non-agricultural goods.9.0 Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines).8. Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) 8-0. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports - 2. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 9. Agricultural products 9. Fuels and mining products.9 Fuels and mining products. Manufactures 8.8 Manufactures.. European Union (2) 0.. European Union (2) Switzerland. 2. Switzerland.. United States.. China.8. China 2.. United States 2.9. Russian Federation 2.. Russian Federation 2.0 COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office, 200 Trademark registrations by office, a Refers to and to the average annual percentage change for 200-.

18 Azerbaijan Population (thousands, ) 9 08 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 092 Merchandise 2 02 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) excluding intra-eu trade Current account balance (million US$, ) 00 Commercial services 92 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 29 excluding intra-eu trade Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) 2 20 Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) WTO accession Observer Contribution to WTO budget - Trade Policy Review - Import duties collected GPA accession - in total tax revenue... Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports... Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry - Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods Anti-dumping - Agricultural goods (AOA) -.8 Countervailing duties - Non-agricultural goods - 8. Safeguards - Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) -.2 Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) -. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports -. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 2. Agricultural products 9.8 Fuels and mining products 9. Fuels and mining products 2. Manufactures 2.0 Manufactures.. European Union (2).. European Union (2) Israel Russian Federation.. United States 8.0. Turkey.. Ukraine.2. China 8.9. Croatia.. Ukraine Patent grants by patent office, 2008 Trademark registrations by office,

19 Bahamas Population (thousands, ) Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 8 Merchandise GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 8 9 excluding intra-eu trade 29 8 Current account balance (million US$, ) - 89 Commercial services 88 8 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 20 9 excluding intra-eu trade 2 92 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a WTO accession Observer Contribution to WTO budget - Trade Policy Review - Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession - in total tax revenue 9. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports. Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry - Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 2-2 All goods -.9 Anti-dumping - Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties - Non-agricultural goods -.9 Safeguards - Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) - 0. Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) - 9. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports -. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) b b 0.02 Agricultural products.9 Agricultural products 2.0 Fuels and mining products 22.8 Fuels and mining products 2. Manufactures 2. Manufactures.. United States.. United States European Union (2). 2. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela.8. Canada.. Trinidad and Tobago.. Nigeria 2.. European Union (2).2. Turks and Caicos Islands 0.. Netherlands Antilles 0.9 COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office... a Refers to 200 and to the average annual percentage change for b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to.

20 Bahrain, Kingdom of Population (thousands, ) 22 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 20 9 Merchandise 89 GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) 2 0 excluding intra-eu trade 2 Current account balance (million US$, ) 0 Commercial services 02 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 2 2 excluding intra-eu trade Trade to GDP ratio (200-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.09 Trade Policy Review 8, 20 July 200 Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession Observer in total tax revenue 9. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports. Tariff binding coverage (%). Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - All goods.. Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods.. Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) 0-0. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 22 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 2.0 Agricultural products 0.2 Fuels and mining products 80.2 Fuels and mining products 2.8 Manufactures 9. Manufactures.0. Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of 2.. European Union (2) Qatar. 2. Brazil 8.0. India 8.8. China.. United Arab Emirates 8.. Japan.. European Union (2).9. United States Patent grants by patent office, 200 Trademark registrations by office,

21 Bangladesh Population (thousands, ) 8 92 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 00 0 Merchandise 0 2 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 2 28 excluding intra-eu trade 8 Current account balance (million US$, ) 2 02 Commercial services 0 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 29 excluding intra-eu trade 8 0 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) 9 0 Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.0 Trade Policy Review, September 200 Import duties collected (%, ) GPA accession - in total tax revenue 9. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports.8 Tariff binding coverage (%). Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 2 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods 9.2. Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods.. Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, 200) Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports 0-0. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 9 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) a 0. a 0.8 Agricultural products. Agricultural products 2. Fuels and mining products. Fuels and mining products 9.8 Manufactures 9. Manufactures 8.0. European Union (2).2. China. 2. United States India.2. India.0. European Union (2) 9.. Canada.. Kuwait.2. China.. Indonesia. COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office, 200 Trademark registrations by office, a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to

22 Barbados Population (thousands, ) 2 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 20 Merchandise GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 2 excluding intra-eu trade 29 Current account balance (million US$, ) - 02 Commercial services 00 8 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 08 excluding intra-eu trade 22 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.0 Trade Policy Review, 9 September 2008 Import duties collected (%, ) GPA accession - in total tax revenue 0. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports. Tariff binding coverage (%) 9.8 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 200 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 9 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 2-2 All goods 8.. Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, 200) Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 2. Agricultural products 20. Fuels and mining products 0. Fuels and mining products 2. Manufactures 0. Manufactures.. United States 2.9. United States.9 2. European Union (2) European Union (2).0. Trinidad and Tobago 8.. Trinidad and Tobago.2. Saint Lucia.8. China.8. Jamaica.. Canada a a Patent grants by patent office, 999 Trademark registrations by office, a Breakdowns by services items refer to. 20

23 Belarus Population (thousands, ) 9 9 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) Merchandise GDP (million current PPP US$, ) excluding intra-eu trade 9 Current account balance (million US$, ) Commercial services 8 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 02 excluding intra-eu trade 2 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) -8 Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) 8-9 WTO accession Observer Contribution to WTO budget - Trade Policy Review - Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession - in total tax revenue. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports 2.8 Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry - Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods - 9. Anti-dumping - Agricultural goods (AOA) -. Countervailing duties - Non-agricultural goods Safeguards - Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) - 2. Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) -. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports - 2. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products. Agricultural products 9. Fuels and mining products 28.8 Fuels and mining products.9 Manufactures 2.9 Manufactures.. Russian Federation 8.. Russian Federation. 2. European Union (2) European Union (2) 2.. Ukraine 0.. Ukraine.. Brazil 2.8. China.. China.9. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela. Unspecified destinations 2. Unspecified origins COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office, 2008 Trademark registrations by office,

24 Belgium Population (thousands, ) 0 89 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 2 Merchandise 9 2 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 0 0 excluding intra-eu trade - - Current account balance (million US$, ) 2 Commercial services Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 8 9 excluding intra-eu trade - - Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 2. Trade Policy Review, 8 July 20 Import duties collected GPA accession January 99 in total tax revenue... Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports... Tariff binding coverage (%) 00 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 8 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods.0. Anti-dumping (0 June ) 9 Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June ) 8 Non-agricultural goods.9.0 Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines).8. Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, ) 8 -. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports - 2. Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products 0.2 Agricultural products 9. Fuels and mining products 2. Fuels and mining products 8. Manufactures.2 Manufactures 0.. European Union (2).. European Union (2) United States. 2. United States.. India 2.2. China.. China.8. Japan 2.2. Turkey.. Russian Federation Patent grants by patent office, Trademark registrations by office a Refers to and to the average annual percentage change for

25 Belize Population (thousands, ) Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) 2 Merchandise GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 2 2 excluding intra-eu trade 0 8 Current account balance (million US$, ) - Commercial services 2 Trade per capita (US$, 2008-) 88 excluding intra-eu trade 8 Trade to GDP ratio (2008-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00) a WTO accession January 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.0 Trade Policy Review, November Import duties collected GPA accession - in total tax revenue... Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports... Tariff binding coverage (%) 9.9 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO 2-2 All goods Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA) Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods. 9. Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, 2008) 0-0. Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products.2 Agricultural products.0 Fuels and mining products 8. Fuels and mining products 9. Manufactures. Manufactures 8.9. United States 9.. United States.9 2. European Union (2). 2. Mexico 0.0. Costa Rica.. China 9.. Japan 2.9. Guatemala 8.0. Mexico 2.8. Panama. COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office, 200 Trademark registrations by office, a Refers to 2008 and to the average annual percentage change for

26 Benin Population (thousands, ) 8 80 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) Merchandise GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 9 excluding intra-eu trade 20 Current account balance (million US$, 2008) - Commercial services 0 Trade per capita (US$, 200-) excluding intra-eu trade 2 2 Trade to GDP ratio (200-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... WTO accession 22 February 99 Contribution to WTO budget (%, 20) 0.0 Trade Policy Review, October Import duties collected (%, 2008-) GPA accession - in total tax revenue 22. Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports 0.8 Tariff binding coverage (%) 9.0 Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry 8 Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods Anti-dumping (0 June )... Agricultural goods (AOA).8. Countervailing duties (0 June )... Non-agricultural goods.. Safeguards (22 October ) 0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports (%, 200) Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) 0-0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) a 0.0 a 0.0 Agricultural products. Agricultural products 2. Fuels and mining products 0.0 Fuels and mining products. Manufactures 0. Manufactures 0.. China 2.0. European Union (2). 2. European Union (2) China 8.. Nigeria 8.. Côte d'ivoire.9. India 8.. Ghana.8. Niger.2. Togo Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office... a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to

27 Bhutan Population (thousands, ) 2 Rank in world trade, Exports Imports GDP (million current US$, ) Merchandise 8 2 GDP (million current PPP US$, ) 80 excluding intra-eu trade 2 Current account balance (million US$, ) - Commercial services 80 8 Trade per capita (US$, 200-) 80 excluding intra-eu trade Trade to GDP ratio (200-) Exports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... Imports of goods and services (volume, 200=00)... WTO accession Observer Contribution to WTO budget - Trade Policy Review - Import duties collected (%, 200-) GPA accession - in total tax revenue.2 Tariffs and duty free imports to total imports 0. Tariff binding coverage (%) - Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 200 Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry - Simple average of import duties Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO - 0 All goods Anti-dumping - Agricultural goods (AOA) -. Countervailing duties - Non-agricultural goods Safeguards - Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) MFN duty free imports -... Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports -... Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 2. DSU) - Services sectors with GATS commitments - Arbitration awards (Article 22. DSU) Agricultural products.0 Agricultural products. Fuels and mining products.2 Fuels and mining products 20.2 Manufactures 8.8 Manufactures.. India 82.. India. 2. Hong Kong, China. 2. Korea, Republic of.. Bangladesh.8. European Union (2).2. Japan 0.. Thailand 2.. Nepal 0.2. Singapore 2. COUNTRY profiles Patent grants by patent office Trademark registrations by office,