JIGAWA STATE GOVERNMENT

Transcription

1 JIGAWA STATE GOVERNMENT The Jigawa State Plan (The Comprehensive Development Framework) and Water Sector Annual Performance Evaluation Report Water sector Prepared by WATER SECTOR PLANNING TEAM & BUDGET AND ECONOMIC PLANNING DIRECTORATE WITH SUPPORT FROM SPARC M&E TECHNICAL TEAM SEPTEMBER

2 Contents 1:0 GENERAL INTRODUCTIONS :1 Ministry of Water Resources :1.1a Jigawa State Water Board :1.2b Small Towns Water Supply Agency (STOWA) :1.3c Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASSA) :2 Overview of Existing Jigawa State Water sector Policies :2.1a Other Policy Environments :2.2b Highlights of State, Federal and International Water and Sanitation Policy Environments :2.3 Sector Overarching Goals and Policy Objectives :3 Purpose of the Sector Performance Evaluation :4 Summary of Key Stakeholders in the Water Sector :0 ANALYSES OF SECTOR KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS :1 Summary of Progress against Work Plans :2 Historical Trends in the Performance of Each Sector KPIs and Policy Analysis :0 SECTOR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCES :1 Sector Resource Envelope, Budget Disbursements and Expenditure Trend :2 Overviews of Donor and NGO External Assistance Trend to the Sector :3 Lessons learned and conclusions :0 INSTITUTIONAL AND ORGANISATIONAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENTS (Key Reform Initiatives) :0 CROSS CUTTING SECTOR REFORM PROGRESS :1 Linkage with other Sectors :2 Reform Progress and Impact on Overall Goals of the Sector :3 Sector Performance and Contribution to CDF Pillar Goals :0 LESSONS LEARNED

3 1:0 GENERAL INTRODUCTIONS Jigawa State is one of thirty-six states that constitute Federal Republic of Nigeria. It has a total population of 4,348,649 million (2006 census) and it is situated in north-western part of the country between Latitudes 110N to 130N and Longitudes 80E to E. Kano and Katsina States border Jigawa to the west, Bauchi State to the east and Yobe State to the northeast. To the north, Jigawa shares an international border with Republic of Niger, and lie within the Sudan Savannah with little Guinea Savannah area in the southern part. The Southern part of the State comprises of Basement Complex, the North-east is made up of sedimentary rocks of the Chad Formation while North-western part also is Basement Complex. Water is life and a fundamental human right. Provision of good quality and sufficient water for domestic and industrial uses is essential to healthy living and sustainable socio-economic development. Similarly, access to adequate sanitation facilities and hygiene education are indispensable to the promotion of good health and dignified life. The provisions of water supply services are to be implemented within the Comprehensive Development Framework of the state and the sector policy in order to improve access, level of services, reduce incidence of Water borne diseases, Institutional Reform in WSS sector and Increased use of qualitative data in sector policy and strategy. The WSS sector is comprised of the State Ministry of Water Resources, the Jigawa State Water Board (JSWB), Small Towns Water Supply Agency (STOWA) and the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASA). These operate in urban settings, small towns and rural areas of the State to deliver water and sanitation services to the citizens of the state. 1:1 Ministry of Water Resources The Jigawa state ministry for Water supply and sanitation like any similar sector at Federal or State levels is responsible for coordinating the sector units and activities. Specifically, within this jurisdiction, the Ministry is responsible for: 3 Policy formulation on water resources and water sanitation; Co-ordination of matters relating to the provision and development of potable water in the state; Research and development into the use of appropriate technology and approaches; Overseeing the activities of water supply agencies in the state; Liaising with the Federal and Local governments and donor agencies/development partners, NGOs, CBOs, etc on water and sanitation; Increasing access to safe water supply and sanitation in the state;

4 Managing State owned dams and water reservoirs. 1:1.1a Jigawa State Water Board The Water Board s mandate includes: Control and management of all water works vested in the Jigawa State water board; Establishment, control and management of extension and development of water works as considered necessary for the purpose of providing wholesome potable water for public and domestic trade, commercial, industrial, scientific and other needs; Ensure adequate supplies at standard approved quality; Set water rates, subject to approval of the ministry; Organize and conduct research related to water supply, water development and other matters connected to these and submit results/findings from same to the honourable commissioner for Water resources for formulation of policy; Develop, maintain and exploit water resources for benefit of the people of Jigawa state; Determine rates charged above for water and other services rendered and such revenue shall be used to cover all or nearly all working expenses, repayment on loans borrowed by the Jigawa state water board for any extension woks. 1:1.2b Small Towns Water Supply Agency (STOWA) The agency s mandate includes the following: Control and manage all water facilities vested in the agency; Undertake planning, design, construction and maintenance of Small towns water supply facilities including motorized and solar powered borehole based schemes; Establish, control, manage, extend and develop water facilities as the agency may consider necessary for the purpose of providing wholesome potable water for public domestic, commercial, industrial, scientific and other use; Plan, design and train staff for sustainable operation and maintenance of all aspects of semi urban sanitary infrastructure and disposal; Undertake to enlighten public, training and mobilisation for community participation in all its programmes; Ensure adequate and regular supply of water to customers at rates approved by the regulatory agency; Organise and conduct research. 1:1.3c Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASSA) The mandates of RUWASSA include: Design, construct, rehabilitate, improve, maintain and support the State rural Water supply programme Design, construct, improve, maintain and support the state rural sanitation programme 4

5 Define, encourage and support any activity that will enhance rural water supply and sanitation Identify, involve and support local community leaders and organisations in the effective mobilisation of the rural population for accelerated and sustained rural water supply and development Facilitate the conduct of environmental impact assessment (EIA) 1:2 Overview of Existing Jigawa State Water sector Policies The resounding goals of Jigawa state government as they relate to water and sanitation are to improve the quality of services and access in terms of availability and affordability for all citizens of Jigawa. The drive to achieve the goals is embedded in all policy documents and statements of the WSS sector (CDF, WASH Policy, Water Law etc), particularly, the structure of the WSS is one that reflects its operational uniqueness to achieve these overarching goals. 1:2.1a Other Policy Environments Besides the state level mandates the goals and objectives of the Jigawa WSS sector are derived from national and international policy strands. Contained in this text, are the national goals on water supply and sanitation set by the National Water and Sanitation Policy (2005) and National RWSS programme shown in table 2 below. 1:2.2b Highlights of State, Federal and International Water and Sanitation Policy Environments Table 1: Other policy environments Policy Goals and Objectives Environment CDF Adequate potable water supply and sanitation services to support the Social charter component for improving Jigagwa state Human Development Index (HDI). (pg x). The ultimate goal is to achieve universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation services safeguarding public health and ensuring that the people live a more qualitative, and productive life. Access to water from 65% to 70% by 2011; Access to sanitation from 51% up to 65% by 2011 (pgs 45-50). Other sectors of the Jigawa economy: agriculture, health Agriculture: increase productivity by 10% between 2011 and 2013 through supporting the promotion of irrigated agriculture involving development of small-scale irrigation development through the provision of 10,000 shallow tube wells fitted with two-inch petroldriven water pumps in the next three years; rehabilitation of existing irrigation schemes numbering 29 (Including 14 borehole-based schemes) across the state to facilitate the cultivation of about 4,000 hectares of irrigated land in the next 3 years; and establishment of 20 5

6 additional direct pumping schemes of 120 Ha along River Hadejia Valley in the next three years. Health: support government s focus on preventive health. National Water and Sanitation Policy 2005 The centre-piece of Nigeria's water supply and sanitation policy shall be the provision of sufficient potable water and adequate sanitation to all Nigerians in an affordable and sustainable way through participatory investment by the three tiers of government, the private sector and the beneficiary. service coverage to 100% of the population in the year 2011 Rural water supply guaranteed minimum level of service 30 liters per capita per day within 250 meters of the community of 150 to 5,000 people, serving about persons per water point. Semi-urban (small towns) water supply represent settlements with population of between 5,000-20,000 with a fair measure of social infrastructure and some level of economic activity with minimum supply standard of 60 liters per capita per day with reticulation and limited or full house connections as determined by the beneficiaries / Government. Urban water supply 120 liters per capita per day for urban areas with population greater than 20,000 inhabitants to be served by full reticulation and consumer premises connection. The objective is for all Nigerians to have access to adequate, affordable and sustainable sanitation through the active participation of Federal, State and Local Governments, NGOs, Development Partners, Private sector, communities, households and individuals. Extension of sanitation coverage to 80% by Extension of Sanitation coverage to 90% by Achieve 100% Sanitation coverage by 2025 In order to achieve the objective of this policy, all tiers of government shall henceforth appropriate and release a separate vote for water sanitation of an amount equivalent to not less than 15% of their annual appropriation for water supply to implement sanitation programmes for sanitation and achieve the following targets. Also promote positive behavioural change through effective hygiene education National RWSS programme Consolidate, increase and sustain universal access to adequate quantities of affordable and safe water by the year

7 Consolidate, increase and sustain universal access to hygienic sanitation facilities by the year MDGs; General Assembly resolution on free access to WSS. Sources: JGST MoWR (2010) 1:2.3 Sector Overarching Goals and Policy Objectives 7 Increase level of WSS service by expanding the capacity of the system and developing sustainable operational mechanisms in the sector Increase access to WSS by upgrading and rehabilitation of existing schemes and building new ones to increase capacity of the system, minimising wastages and system losses and developing sustainable operation and maintenance mechanisms for the sector. Reducing incidences of water borne diseases through the development of quality control mechanism for the system and promoting best hygiene practices Promoting reform in the sector to ensure better and more efficient service delivery to the people by promoting good governance, improved inter and intra sector coordination, and development of strategic framework for the delivery of policies and programmes in the sector. Increase the use of qualitative data in sector policy and strategy through the development of efficient data management systems, institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation and development of good communication strategy 1:3 Purpose of the Sector Performance Evaluation The International Development Targets (IDTs) and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were agreed at the Second World Water Forum and the Millennium summit in These envisage, by 2015, the reduction by half of the proportion of people without access to hygienic sanitation facilities and adequate quantities of affordable and safe water and, the attainment of water, sanitation, and hygiene for all by 2025 Supporting the annual adjustment of the CDF, MTEF, MTS Budget and plans, including MTSS and Sector MTEF Supporting enhanced accountability in the sector against agreed sector performance targets and its contribution to pillar objectives and CDF in general (eg MTSS/Sector policy targets) Supporting joint accountability for result with development partners in the agreed areas of support Identify new opportunities for reforms, sector growth and development The State Water sector performance evaluation shall be conducted annually, as the need arises to make sure all plans are in line with current development in the State with respect to water supply and sanitation activities. The Medium Term Sector Strategy (MTSS) describes the WSS outputs that would contribute to Jigawa state development in the next three years. This was done by a step by step process of translating the WSS policies into its resource (human and financial)

8 realities. This way, the MTSS seeks to create a balance between revenue and spending on one hand and the recurrent and capital budgets on the other. It emphasizes balanced budgeting in which policy planning and budgeting is based on realistic revenue sources and availability. The CDF, WASH policy and' 1 the MTSS therefore, are living documents that need to be revised annually in the light of changes to the medium term expenditure framework (MTEF that is in the light of changes in estimates about the amount of money that is available), and in the light of experience revealed by annual performance reviews. 1:4 Summary of Key Stakeholders in the Water Sector a. Ministry of Water Resources b. Jigawa State Water Board c. Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (STOWA) d. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASSA ) e. Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources f. Ministry of Rural Infrastructure and Community Development g. Ministry of Environment h. Environmental Protection Agency i. Ministry for Local Government. j. Ministry of Health k. Local Governments in the State (LGAs) l. WASH units at the LG level m. WASH committees n. Water Consumer Association (WCAs) o. External Support Agencies p. NGOs q. Private Sector r. Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development s. Ministry of Education/SUBEB t. Ministry of Information. 8

9 2:0 ANALYSES OF SECTOR KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Report of the National CWIQ Survey (2006) stated that 64% of households in Jigawa State have access to safe drinking water (defined as pipe born water, borehole or hand pump and protected wells). Also, according to MICS *, (2007), 56% of households in Jigawa State use improved drinking water sources, 9.9% use sanitary means of excreta disposal and 7.6% use both improved sources of water and sanitary means of excreta disposal. Accordingly, Jigawa State Statistical Year book, (2008) reported that, there were 300No Motorized water supply schemes (with about 643 boreholes) in both Urban and Small towns and about 7500No hand operated boreholes in the state. Relatively, the water supply situation in the state may indeed be seen as amongst the best emerging in the country; however, these figures were far below the National Water and Sanitation Policy (2005) to achieve 100% water and sanitation coverage by Table 2 below shows the number and types of water facilities available in the urban, small towns and rural areas before May, 2007: Table 2: Number and types of Water Facilities in Jigawa State as at 2007 Agency Number Type of facilities Remarks Urban 69 2no. surface Sources In 27no. LGA Headquarters 67no. borehole based Small towns 231 Motorized schemes and 30no. solar powered All towns other than LGA Headquarters in the state. Rural Borehole based Hand pumps Solar powered 14no. solar powered in communities and 10no. in primary schools Sources: JSWB, STOWA and RUWASA, (2008) Furthermore, prior to September, 2007, when the present Administration comes on board, about 60% of these facilities were in a very deplorable condition and virtually not functional, especially in the small towns due to lack of proper maintenance, supply of diesel and total neglects of the schemes. 2:1 Summary of Progress against Work Plans In pursuit of the implementation of the three essential water related Millennium Development Goals viz:- To halve by the year 2015 the number of people who are unable to access or afford safe drinking water; To halve the proportion of people who do not have access to basic sanitation by 2015; To improve water governance The state government, together with the Local Governments and other development partners (particularly, EU-WSSSRP, Water-Aid, UNICEF and SPARC) poised to 9

10 address the aforementioned problems in line with economic and social agenda which is pro-poor and gender responsive to the needs of the people of Jigawa state. During the period under review ( ), 1500 new hand operated borehole pumps and 54 new solar-powered schemes (STOWA & RUWASSA) were constructed in rural communities, while additional 179 motorised water schemes were also constructed in urban and small towns. Generally, improved access to water supply facilities increased by 62.6% in both small and urban towns. These, do not include facilities provided by individuals, Legislators, LGAs, Min. of Education, Health and other organisations in the state. According to NDHS (2008), improved sources of drinking water in the state has reached 78.7% whereas, household sanitation improved and not shared facilities stand at 21.8%, therefore, by now (2011), the percentages would have reached over 80% 31% respectively. Other Important achievements on institutional reforms include: i. Immediately after the development of CDF by the State, MoWR set out and adopted same to produce WASH policy. In April, 2010 the WASH policy was approved by the State Executive Council ii. In 2010 WASH Departments created in all LGAs, in accordance with the WASH policy. iii. In 2010, water Law final draft prepared ready for ExCo for approval. iv. In 2010, policy implementation guideline/logical framework final draft made ready v. In 2011 Budget MTEP/MTSS based produced. vi. From 2007 to date Capacity building of sector staff undertaken across many MDAs. WATER FACILITIES IN JIGAWA STATE AGENCY M/RISED SOLAR H/PUMP JSWB 69 STOWA RUWASSA TOTAL

11 AGENCY M/RISED SOLAR H/PUMPS BOREHOLES JSWB STOWA RUWASSA TOTAL Sources: JSWB, STOWA and RUWASA, (2012) TOTAL ACHIEVEMENTS 2007 to 2011 MOTORISED SOLAR HAND PUMPS ADDITIONAL BOREHOLES TO SCHEMES :2 Historical Trends in the Performance of Each Sector KPIs and Policy Analysis Derived from its policy environment and budget envelop, the sector earmarked five policy goals for implementation within the medium term of three years. These are: ACCESS: YEAR Number of persons with Access to 808, , ,998 1,000,000 Improved source of Drinking Water Number of persons with Access to non-improved source of Drinking Water 846, , , ,999 11

12 NUMBER OF PERSONS WITH UN IMPROVED number of persons Figure 1 1,200,000 NUNBER OF PERSONS WITH ACCESS TO IMPROVED SOURCE 1,000, , , , , YEAR Figure 2 900, , , , , , , , ,000 NUMBER OF PERSONS WITH UN IMPROVED SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER YEAR Figure 1 above showed that number of persons with access to improved source of drinking water has significantly increased from 2008 to 2010; this was due to the number of projects executed when the present administration assumed power in The trend however shows little increase from 2010 to 2011as result of the new minimum wages of the civil servant. This increase in wages resulted in the decrease in the decrease in capital expenditure. 12

13 NUMBER OF URBAN SETTLEMENT Figure 2 indicated a fall in trend for persons with unimproved source of drinking water as result of various water projects executed. LEVEL OF SERVICE: Total Number of Urban settlement with Improved water Facilities serving Figure 3 44 NUMBER OF URBAN SETTLEMENT WITH IMPROVED WATER FACILITIES YEAR Figure 3 indicated the trend in the number of urban settlements with improved water facilities over the years and is closely related to the number of persons with improved source of drinking water. In this case also the trend is slightly affected between 2010 and 2011 due to wage increment. 13

14 APPROVED ESTIMATES IN BILLIONS 3:0 SECTOR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCES 3:1 Sector Resource Envelope, Budget Disbursements and Expenditure Trend APPROVED CAPITAL ESTIMATE ACTUAL EXPENDITUR E ,181,500,000: 2,250,000,000: 2,227,117,000: 2,595,000,001: ,797,140,121: 21 1,264,285,198: 89 1,566,608,241: ,375,563:74 Figure CAPITAL ESTIMATES PERFORMANCE YEARS

15 APPROVED ESTIMARES IN BILLIONS ACTUAL EXPENDITURE IN BILLIONS Figure ACTUAL EXPENDITURE PERFORMANCE YEAR APPROVED RETCURREN T COST ACTUAL RECURRENT COST ,676,000:00 574,093,000:0 557,146,000:0 1,116,952,000: ,088,590,102: ,357,997: ,969,800:3 0 1,183,997, Figure APPROVED RECURRENT ESTIMATES PERFORMANCE YEARS 15

16 ACTUAL EXPENDITURE IN BILLIONS Figure 7 ACTUAL RECURRENT EXPENDITURE PERFORMANCE YEAR The main revenue sources of Jigawa state like many other states in Nigeria are the Federal Account (FA) which is remitted in the form of statutory allocation, Value Added Tax (VAT) and the financial gains from excess crude account. Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) and loans also form part of the state revenue resources. The federal allocations form the bulk of Jigawa state revenue accounting for 49%. 75% and 63% of the total state revenue in 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. Table 5 below also shows that the local Government areas solely depend on federal government allocations with no recorded IGR. This situation suggests that the budget is volatile to the unstable international oil prices that characterised the federal government budget. Inconsistencies or delays in federal government budget releases may also affect the state s policy performance. Table 5: Sources of revenue to the state and LG (Million N) State Federal account 24,953 25,447 35,386 Value Added Tax 2,704 3,467 4,774 IGR 1, ,114 Loans 7,120 1, Others 10,907 1,258 12,189 Total state revenue 46,885 32,310 54,778 16

17 Local Government Federal allocation 24,482 26,193 34,605 IGR Grand total 71,367 58,503 89,383 Sources: 2011MTSS, JGST MoWR (2010) Contained in Table 5 below are the actual budgetary allocations and expenditure of all WSS sector components. It is important to note that these figures are only provisional requiring further clarifications and adjustments. Pending on the federal government budget behaviour Jigawa state financial commitment to its social charter is characterised by adequate and timely annual releases of the budget. Within this context, funding the WSS sector programs and projects benefits from availability, timely budget releases and surpluses. Perhaps the major challenge with previous budgetary system is the lack of capacity to spend what is available. Overall there is gross underutilisation of allocations in 2006 and The expenditure and revenue for 2008 closely resemble each other and shows 95% utilisation while the figures for 2009 indicate 35% utilisation. Table 6: WSS sector allocations and expenditures ( ) (Billion N) Year Total Allocation to MoWR 1,010,658, ,481,474, ,253,719, MoWR Actual Expenditure 1,307,455, ,167, ,748, Total Allocation to JSWB 696,109, ,769, JSWB Actual Expenditure 637,347, ,596, Total to Allocation STOWA 806,710, ,643, ,635, ,500, ,151, ,794, ,790, ,230, STOWA Actual ,146, ,609, ,746, ,876,091.58

18 Year Expenditure Total RUWSA Allocation 322,708, ,207, RUWASA Actual Expenditure 58,314, ,057, ,775, ,046, ,644, ,057, Total Sector Allocation 2,836,185, ,775,093, ,804,495, Actual Sector Expenditure 2,686,265, ,431, ,827,476, Sources: 2011MTSS, JGST MoWR (2011) The WSS Sector MTSS The WSS MTSS is based on the sector s revenue projection between 2010 and The projected revenue available to the sector (as shown in Table 8 below) is in two parts: 5% of total funds available in the basket of common funds for the State as allocated by the State Executive Council to Ministry of water resources and its two agencies (JSWB and STOWA) and the funding components available through RUWASA from the Ministry of Rural Infrastructure and community development. Due to the uncertainties associated with donor (UNICEF, DFID, WSSSRP etc) receipts for specific projects and programmes they are not reflected in the total revenue envelop. Therefore projections contained in Table 8 below are based on the state s receipts from the federal Account, VAT and IGR. Table 7: WSS Revenue Projections (Billion N) Year % of State Common Funds 2,787,1 46,000 3,258,55 0,000 3,515,8 50,000 3,859,8 00,000 4,052,7 90,000 4,255,4 29,500 RUWASA Capital costs 190,000, ,000, ,000, ,245, ,743, ,504,600 Total Funds available 2,977,1 3,458,55 3,722,8 4,074,0 4,274,5 4,484,9 18

19 to the WSS sector 46,000 0,000 50,000 45,000 33,575 34,100 The revenue projections for 2011 to 2013 are envisaged by the Bureau for budget and economic planning. The figures for 2014 and 2015 are projected sector revenues arrived at using a 5% growth rate for the State revenues while keeping the 5% allocation to the WSS sector constant. The overall sector revenue projection has an annual increasing outlook with expectations that by 2015 revenue will double. Perhaps the justification for this increase derives from the sector s policy agenda to improve water and sanitation tariff systems (which may raise IGR) and the moral obligation to increase spending in the event of population increase. The projected funding requirement for implementing the years MTSS is N8, 677,459,000. In Table 9 below the annual sector envelop indicates an increasing trend from N3,258,550,000 in 2011 to N3,859,800,000 in Recurrent spending is by far less than a fraction allowing for more capital spending envelop annually. Table 8: Sectoral Strategic Resource Allocation (Billion N) Year Sector envelop 3,258,550, ,515,850, ,859,800, Recurrent costs 807,830, ,804, ,352, Capital costs 2,450,720, ,672,046, ,933,448, RUWASA Capital costs 200,000, ,000, ,245, Total Capital costs 2,650,720, ,879,046, ,147,693, The total capital envelop includes the capital costs of implementing water supply and sanitation activities by the Ministry of Environment through the RUWASA department. Consequently, the composition of RUWASA activities combined with those of WSS sector present a holistic outlook of the Jigawa states WSS MTSS. Typically, recurrent costs in the WSS context refer to personnel and overhead expenses; the costs of all oil (diesel) and lubricants for servicing engines. 3:2 Overviews of Donor and NGO External Assistance Trend to the Sector The residing Department for International Development (DFID) in Jigawa State has been very instrumental to initiating the CDF/MTSS process. Also, with the support of the European Union (EU) programme of Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform (WSSSR) and contribution of Water-aid, UNICEF and SRIP cannot be overemphasised. 19

20 3:3 Lessons learned and conclusions To ensure Government commitment to the implementation of all policies, and to attract wider participation, key elements of the policies should be made available to the public and run concurrently with implementation, planned strategy and a legal framework. This will empower the implementers and also provide a level playing group for citizens, private, public and community to participate in meeting the challenges in a sustainable manner. 20

21 4:0 INSTITUTIONAL AND ORGANISATIONAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENTS (Key Reform Initiatives) The Institutional reform strategies for the water sector is been supported by many NGOs, i.e. EU WSSSRP through STU and OPE designed programmes, especially in capacity building, water governance and water supply and sanitation works. Water supply and sanitation is recognized as a shared responsibility and thus there is need to strengthen the interactions between the ministry responsible for water affairs, other line Ministries and donors in order to promote a sector wide approach to developments in the sector. This approach will be supported by improved institutional co-ordination, decentralization, and capacity building, full involvement of users, community management of public services, and participation of women at all levels. DFID-SPARC facilitated the production of CDF document that give emphasis to basic service delivery (Health, Education, water supply etc), through which the Water sector WASH policy was further developed. The roles of other NGOs that support the water sector are Water-aid, UNICEF, SRIPP etc. and some of the key areas approached during the period under review include: i. Comprehensive Development Framework (CDF) ii. Jigawa State Wash Policy iii. Jigawa State Water Law/Bill iv. Water Policy Implementation Guideline v. Annual Budget preparation through MTEP/MTSS vi. Continues Capacity building to stakeholders: a) Civil Servants b) WCAs c) Consumers/private partners/communities etc. d) Policy makers etc. 21

22 5:0 CROSS CUTTING SECTOR REFORM PROGRESS 5:1 Linkage with other Sectors With the current reform initiative in the water sector, Jigawa state Water Board (JSWB) and Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (STOWA) will serve as parastatals under the Ministry of Water Resources while the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASSA) will be under the Ministry of Rural Infrastructure. These agencies will be responsible for Water Supply and Water Sanitation issues while other sanitation and hygiene activities will be handled by the other stakeholders such as Ministry of Health, Gunduma Health System, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Land and Housing, Dutse Capital Development Authority, Urban Development, Agriculture, Jigawa Environmental Protection Agency, LGAs, etc. Since the three tiers of government and the civil society share responsibilities for interventions in the water and sanitation sector, coordination of all activities in the sector becomes a critical issue for reform. In this regard, the Ministry of Water Resources will take responsibility for coordinating all activities in the sector by providing a platform for representatives of key stakeholders to meet on a quarterly basis and harmonize their plans. The stakeholders in the sector will include the three tiers of government, the civil society, external support agencies and private sector. There shall be a Department under the Ministry of Water Resources which will provide sector coordination and regulation support. 5:2 Reform Progress and Impact on Overall Goals of the Sector These stakeholders participated in almost all the strategic plans and initiatives in the water sector, especially the development of State CDF, WASH policies, WASH-COM, formation of WCAs, committees for the operation and maintenance of water supply schemes, and other regional development programmes to meet the overall goals of the sectors. On Gender Consideration, Women are recognized as key players in water supply and the imbalance on gender issues is going to be promoted through increased training and empowerment of women and other vulnerable groups by the sector. The State Government through the Ministry of Water Resources and in collaboration with Ministry of Women Affairs shall ensure that women participate in decision making, planning, implementation and evaluation of all water and sanitation activities. Water and sanitation governance platforms in rural, small towns and urban areas are already represented by women in WCAs and CLTS programmes handled by Unicef, EU- WSSSRP and other donor agencies in the state. 22

23 Pro-poor consideration Special provision shall be made for the poor and vulnerable members of the community who may not be able to pay for water and sanitation services. The State shall adopt necessary pro-poor mechanisms in rural, small towns and urban areas in consultation with the relevant community association on water and sanitation. 5:3 Sector Performance and Contribution to CDF Pillar Goals Water sector played greater role in achieving the objectives of the CDF goals, in terms of implementations and reform programmes. Therefore, in order to have separation of functions a comprehensive operational framework, stating function of all stakeholders in water supply and sanitation sector has been drawn. The coordination and regulatory functions shall be performed soon, through a new department in the Ministry of Water Resources; to be called, Regulation and Coordination Department. Main Challenges- some of the major challenges include: a. The need for Mobilization and Sensitization on CDF and WASH policy to the citizenry b. Low water tariff, need for review c. Lack of public private participation (PPP) in the sector especially in urban/small towns. d. Limited funding, may likely affect improved and sustainable accessing and increase level of services for water and sanitation. e. Lack of reliable and reliable baseline data f. poor assessment of training needs g. M & E units in water sector yet to be established h. Lack of information & Communication Network (ICT) 23

24 6:0 LESSONS LEARNED The support or intervention received from Donor organisations in the state especially those that proved best models/tools/methods of better water governance on financial, administration and M&E, issues accelerated the high performances experienced in the state for instance, On Institutional reform programmes in the state, adequate funding was made, and a lot of capacity was built on civil servants. Increase access to services, the government on its part, spent objectively and judiciously on all works/project that will improve the service delivery, particularly rehabilitations, upgrading and provision of new facilities. Attention was given to Data management, which helped in obtaining baseline data for long. Medium and short terms plan to some extent. High political will of Jigawa State government in all developmental aspect, etc. The Strong and continuous collaboration between the three tiers of Government (Federal, State and Local Governments);helped in achieving the current status despite some odds Willingness of water consumer associations (WCAs) and Community based organisations (CBOs) networks to participate in water supply and sanitation programmes is encouraging. Sources: JSWB, STOWA and RUWASA, (2011) 24