National Indicative Programme for Tanzania Public Sector policy and administrative management

Transcription

1 This action is funded by the European Union ANNEX of the Commission Decision on the individual measure in favour of Tanzania to be financed from the 11 th European Development Fund Action Document for Technical Cooperation Facility (TCF) 1 under 11 th EDF 1. Title/basic act/ CRIS number 2. Zone benefiting from the action/location 3. Programming document 4. Sector of concentration/ thematic area 5. Amounts concerned Technical Cooperation Facility 1 under 11th EDF CRIS number: FED/2014/ financed under European Development Fund 11 Tanzania National Indicative Programme for Tanzania Public Sector policy and administrative management Total estimated cost: EUR Total amount of EDF contribution EUR Aid Project Modality modality(ies) Indirect management with the United Republic of Tanzania and implementation modality(ies) 7. DAC code(s) Markers (from CRIS DAC form) General policy objective Not targeted Significant objective Main objective Participation development/good governance Aid to environment Gender equality (including Women In Development) [1]

2 9. Global Public Goods and Challenges (GPGC) thematic flagships Trade Development Reproductive, Maternal, New born and child health RIO Convention markers Not targeted Significant objective Main objective Biological diversity Combat desertification Climate change mitigation Climate change adaptation N/A The proposed Technical Cooperation Facility (TCF) is to facilitate the implementation of the 10 th and 11 th European Development Fund (EDF) programmes for Tanzania, including within the context of its participation to the East African Community (EAC). At national level, 10 th EDF funded operations will continue until 2020, whilst the 11 th EDF will start becoming operational in Furthermore, Tanzania will be involved in regional related activities under the 11 th EDF sub-envelopes for the EAC in The 10 th and 11 th EDF programmes are designed to support the Government of Tanzania s efforts to reduce poverty by implementing its main development strategic framework (MKUKUTA II, Five-year-development Plan (5YDPs), BRN 1 and successor programmes). This is to be achieved through economic growth supported by sound governance and macroeconomic policies, increased access to energy, improved connectivity of national and regional transport infrastructure, as well as by sustained trade and agricultural production. Other activities include assistance in the field of democratic governance and engagement with Non State Actors (NSAs) or strengthening of the Office of the National Authorising Officer (NAO) for the EDF. The EDF in Tanzania is complemented by important allocations through EU thematic budget lines. The total amount for the proposed action is estimated at EUR and the indicative operational implementation period is 48 months from the date of entry into force of the financing agreement. The programme will be implemented in a project modality through indirect management with Tanzania. 1 Big Results Now [2]

3 1 CONTEXT 1.1 Sector/Country/Regional context/thematic area In spite of the turbulent global economic crises of the past years, Tanzania has managed to maintain relative macroeconomic balance. The national strategic framework and policies are underpinned by a continued commitment to macro-economic stability. The economy has been growing at an average annual rate of 6% over the past decade and growth prospects remain strong. However, this economic growth has not yet translated into reduction of poverty, since over 30% of the population continues to live under the national poverty line 2. Improvement in human development remains slow: the 2014 United National Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Index ranked the country as 159 (from 152 in 2012) out of 187 countries. The level of inequality is relatively high and increasing, as showed by the Gini index estimated at 0,346 in 2000 and at 0,376 in Regarding the progress in relation to the millennium development goals (MDGs), the country should be in a position by 2015 to achieve goals of primary education, gender equality, reduction of infant mortality and fight against HIV and AIDS, malaria and others diseases. However, goals related to the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger, maternal health and access to safe drinking water and sanitation are likely not to be met. The national development framework is currently made up of three core strategic policies (i) The Vision 2025 (TV2025), which provides a guiding vision of Tanzania as a middle income country by 2025 (ii) MKUKUTA II (National Strategy for Growth and Poverty Reduction) and MKUZA II (Zanzibar strategy for Economic Growth and Reduction Poverty) implemented between 2010/11 and 2014/15; and (iii) the Five Year Development Plan (5YDP) which is targeting strategic priority interventions to move Tanzania to a higher growth trajectory coupled with a shift from an agriculture-based to an industry-based economy. The TV2025 and the 5YDP give wide recognition to the challenges that Tanzania faces in relation to investment climate, poor state of economic infrastructure, low productivity and limited skills base. An extensive investment plan has been outlined to "unleash the latent growth potential of Tanzania" through implementation of the first 5YDP. Two further 5YDPs are set to focus on "nurturing an industrial economy" and "realizing competitiveness-led export growth". The MKUKUTA II/MKUZA II strategies, which were centred on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and encompassed general governance reforms and crosscutting issues, might probably not be continued. Informal discussions with the government indicate that Post MDG outcomes will be integrated in the second generation of the 5YDP ( /2020). Furthermore, in an effort to strengthen its pledge to reduce poverty, the Government of Tanzania has embarked on a new delivery result modality called the "Big Results Now" (BRN) initiative. This has been introduced to assist the Government of Tanzania in setting priorities and monitoring the rapid implementation of these key priorities (before mid-2015). The BRN 2 Household Budget survey 2001,2007 and 2012 [3]

4 focusses on Energy, Transport, Agriculture, Water, Education, Health and Business Environment and therefore address the key dimensions of poverty in the country. As regards the developmental policy, the Government has confirmed it is working on a roadmap 3 preparing its future strategy The Government faces the challenge to merge the poverty reduction approach from MKUKUTA II with the economic growth approach from the 5YDPs into one single document. Agricultural development and transformation is a key driver of growth in Tanzania's strategy to reduce poverty and offers an opportunity to strengthened commercial linkages with the EU. Yet productivity is hampered by poor rural infrastructure, limited mechanisation as well as untapped potential of economies of scale. The overall partnership between the EU and Tanzania aims at overcoming those challenges. Furthermore, the discovery of substantial off-shore gas (and possibly oil) will have a significant transformational economic impact. It has, however, already unearthed important governance and social challenges. It is hence crucial to work closely together with the Government, civil society and the private sector in ensuring that the governance structures as well as the domestic skills base are strengthened during the period leading to commercialisation of the natural resources Public Policy Assessment and EU Policy Framework The proposed Technical Cooperation Facility (TCF) programme is a follow-up to the previous Technical Cooperation Facilities under the 9 th and 10 th EDF. It provides a flexible instrument for Capacity Development and Policy and/or expert advice to strengthen EU programmes implementation and formulation, policy dialogue and broader donor coordination within the framework of the overall partnership between the EU and Tanzania Stakeholder analysis Key stakeholders include the mainland and Zanzibar national authorising officer (NAO) s offices, sector ministries and development agencies concerned with the programming, implementation and monitoring of national poverty reduction strategies/programmes and EU funded projects/programmes, as well as NSAs and the EU Delegation. Other development partners are also key stakeholders to ensure joint and harmonised provision of capacity development and technical cooperation Priority areas for support/problem analysis The proposed TCF programme will support the implementation of the National Indicative Programme (NIP) and address the challenges of capacity development and the need for external insights for formulation and implementation of projects with the NAO. 3 see "Proposal for one year extension of MKUKUTA II up to 2015/2016 and joint review of MKUKUTA II and FYDP", Ministry of Finance, September 2014 [4]

5 2 RISKS AND ASSUMPTIONS Risks Ownership and commitment varies over time and is influenced by multiple factors. Fragmentation and duplication of Technical Cooperation initiatives. Incentives could be negatively distorted. The national elections scheduled end of 2015 might bear unexpected positive or negative impact on development cooperation in Tanzania. Risk level (H/M/L) M M M M Mitigating measures To minimise the risk of supply-driven Technical Cooperation-support and a paradigm shift will be promoted to focus primarily on the Tanzania's ownership, leadership and contribution to the process and to convert ownership into a practical, operational concept with tangible commitments. To avoid fragmentation and duplication of Technical Cooperation initiatives, effort will be made to harmonise Development Partners Technical Cooperation support and promote partner-led joint agenda for capacity development, joint analytical and advisory work, reviews and evaluations. To minimise risks of any negative distortion of incentive schemes the EU will refrain from paying salaries and top ups to civil servants. Incentive provided for the participation in local/international conference and trainings will follow government regulations. The elections are being closely monitored and programmes will be adjusted to mitigate any negative impacts Assumptions Conditions to be met prior and during implementation comprise the government's commitment to maintain political and economic stability; progress on the fight against corruption and underlying principles as laid out in the Cotonou Agreement; strengthen efforts to limit allowances which are potentially distortive of incentives and development goals. During the formulation and throughout the implementation of technical cooperation and capacity development activities strong emphasis will be given to value for money and cost-effective resources mobilisation. [5]

6 To increase spending efficiency the programme will refrain from organising and supporting workshops for civil servants outside the city of their duty station; and training maps including indications of purpose, training needs and maximum trainings per persons will be requested to justify capacity development support. Sustainability of activities under the proposed project will depend on (i) local partners ownership of the Technical Cooperation processes; (ii) on Government s ability to retain trained staff. To sustain the results of the programme country partners' inputs will be sought under the individual TCF commitments. Resources can include staff, managers, involvement of senior staff, facilities and logistics. If special incentives are required to support Government officials contribution to the programmes, these will follow the government system and policies, linked to clear performance targets and a regular performance assessment process. 3 LESSONS LEARNT, COMPLEMENTARITY AND CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES 3.1 Lessons learnt The experience of four TCFs funded under 9 th and 10 th EDF, as well as the global EU technical co-operation reform process and further implementation of the Backbone Strategy, have greatly influenced the design of the proposed TCF under 11 th EDF. The European Court of Auditors Special Report No. 6/2007 on the effectiveness of technical assistance in the context of capacity development concluded that technical co-operation efforts were too supply-driven, project design was often inadequate due to overambitious objectives, tight timeframes and insufficient assessment of the existing institutional environment as well as limited local ownership. This has led to a reform of technical co-operation for enhanced capacity development (CD) and a new EU approach to CD which (i) considers organisational strengthening and change management as crucial dimensions of CD, (ii) recognizes the fundamental importance of local ownership of CD processes and (ii) encourages co-ordination of CD support by different donors. The organisational set-up for implementation of EU programmes or projects is being reviewed. Efforts have been made to shift away from using Project Implementation Units, established as temporary structures in parallel to the existing administration, towards Project Implementation Arrangements which are owned and managed by the partner countries and embedded in the local institutional context. Furthermore, a diversification of contracted technical co-operation service providers is taking place to make room for innovative sources of support, including local contributions and South-South cooperation. Previous TCF-in country programmes have demonstrated positive results towards the objectives of the EU cooperation, although limited contribution towards mainstreaming of cross-cutting development objectives could be observed. Also was noted an increasingly low absorption of [6]

7 Training Support (TSPP) and Conference and Seminar (CS) allocations probably due to (i) the mainstreaming of CD priorities in all EU programmes, (ii) limited awareness about the TCF scope of action and funding opportunities amongst target groups, (iii) limited operational implementation period of the financing decision (36 months) and (iii) the increased availability of pooled funding for capacity building and system strengthening under the EU and Development Partners' (DPs) Sector Wide Approaches. In light of this it is proposed to (i) combine TSPP and CS allocation under a single capacity development component; (ii) extend the operational implementation to 48 months, (iii) make additional efforts to raise awareness on the new EU approach to CD and the availability of TSPP and CS funds for both government and NSAs. Efforts will be further strengthened under the proposed programme to support demand-driven and harmonized technical cooperation. 3.2 Complementarity, synergy and donor coordination Capacity development is at the core of the EU technical co-operation reform and is being mainstreamed in all EU development assistance programmes. Technical cooperation type funds are earmarked within most of the 10 th and 11 th EDF National and Regional Programmes to support their implementation and enhance sustainable capacity development in their specific sectors/policies. The proposed TCF 1 under the 11 th EDF will complement capacity development foreseen under these programmes and strengthen their implementation with provision of gap filling activities whereas necessary. The EU development cooperation support to Tanzania is embedded in a comprehensive donor coordination framework, which has been developed under the Joint Assistance Strategy for Tanzania (JAST). The JAST was until end 2012 the central articulation of the aid effectiveness process. A new Development Cooperation Framework is in the making since early 2013 and is yet to be endorsed by the Government and development partners. Coordination is essentially managed through the Development Partners Group (DPG) and its sector groups. Furthermore, the General Budget Support (GBS) donors coordinate their activities in a dedicated group. The EU Delegation and EU Member States present in Tanzania have stepped up efforts in relation to joint programming, with more joint analysis and responses. It is expected that, in addition to specific EU activities, the TCF will contribute to policy dialogue, donor harmonisation, joined/coordinated donor activities, such as analytical studies (including through the Public Expenditure Review dynamic of which the EU is a "Champion"). Whenever relevant, specific TCF activities will be vetted with the relevant Sector Working Group and/or with the concerned development partner agencies. Technical cooperation (TC) support from other donors will be mapped, synergies and harmonisation options explored and where relevant actively pursued with partners and other donors, to ensure that proposed activities are consistent with sector priorities and that optimal complementarity can be achieved. [7]

8 3.3 Cross-cutting issues The proposed programme will support capacity development and mainstreaming of cross cutting development objectives such as Gender Equality and Woman Empowerment, Human Rights including Children Rights and Rights of people Living with Disabilities/HIV, environmental protection, and good governance. These will be reflected in all results and in the formulation and implementation of programmes. The flexibility of the TCF will crosscutting issues to be addressed and supported through specialised small scale interventions that will support and complement ongoing projects in priority areas of EU intervention, thereby contributing to the sustainability of EU funded development cooperation. 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTION 4.1 Objectives/results The overall objective of the Technical Cooperation Facility 1 under the 11 th EDF is to contribute to the realisation of the Tanzania National Development Strategy Framework. The specific objectives of the Action is to improve identification, formulation, implementation and publicity of the EU funded programmes in Tanzania as well as the funding of studies that serve of the overall purpose of the EU-Tanzania partnership. The main results will be: 1. Timely and effective completion of the 10 th EDF Programmes, implementation of the 11 th EDF National Indicative Programme (NIP)/Regional Indicative Programme (RIP), and formulation of quality and partner-owned 11 th EDF EU-Tanzania NIP and RIP. 2. Strengthened technical cooperation and policy dialogue between the EU and the United Republic of Tanzania, as well as the Eastern African Community and development partners. 3. Strengthened capacity, more coherent and informed approach to development, regional integration and trade issues. Here included: enhanced capacity to mainstream crosscutting development objectives in national and EU policies/programmes and enhanced governance, resource and results-oriented management and sustainable performance of EDF Programmes. 4. Enhanced communication and visibility of the partnership between Tanzania and the EU. [8]

9 4.2 Main activities The proposed programme will provide the following types of Technical Cooperation and main activities include: Policy and Advisory TC: Ad hoc short term expert advice on specific aspects related to the implementation and formulation of NIP/RIP and broader trade and regional integration issues. This also includes provision of analytical work for informed and evidence-based policy and political dialogue, strengthened governance and aid effectiveness, facilitation of dialogue between EU and partners, process facilitation and brokering, support to the negotiation of trade and other agreements. Preparatory TC: Ad hoc expert advice, feasibility and preparatory studies, facilitation of programme development, specific sector surveys and assessments; ex-post evaluation of pilot initiatives relevant to the formulation of future programmes; stakeholders consultations, etc. This is also applicable in the context of sector wide or programme-based approaches where several donors harmonize their support to a country-led programme. In such cases, TC may support policy dialogue, monitoring and interaction with the country stakeholders and other donors. Implementation TC: Strengthen operational implementation of ongoing EU stand alone and sector wide approach programmes within the Tanzanian EDF NIP and RIP, whereas the necessary means are not provided under the respective global/individual commitments (gapfilling action). This includes support to financial and institutional audits (including audits covering multiple decisions), monitoring and evaluation, legal advice for arbitration, as well as strategic communications services to enhance the visibility of /EU cooperation in Tanzania, trade and regional integration. Capacity Development TC: Access to knowledge and skills, exposure to practices, support to networks; training; peer-exchange, secondment, coaching & mentoring, participation to/ organisation of national and international conferences and seminars, facilitation of leadership development, learning processes and change management. The above mentioned Technical Cooperation support modalities are not necessarily mutually exclusive and some of their activities may overlap. Where possible and appropriate, the Programme will seek to support NSAs capacity development and enhance NSAs' participation in EU cooperation with the Government of Tanzania (Government of Tanzania) and East African Community (EAC). NSAs will be eligible to participate to capacity development activities as well as to be contracted under services and grant contracts awarded in accordance with EDF regulations. [9]

10 4.3 Intervention logic The proposed Technical Cooperation Facility will consist of: a) Technical Assistance Facility (TAF): This facility will support the engagement of ad-hoc technical expertise to assist policy/advisory, preparatory and implementation technical cooperation as indicated above. Such assistance will support effective implementation of Tanzania's next national development strategy ( ), the EU's current and future NIP/RIP and other EU initiative in favour of the country s development strategy, in keeping with the objectives of the ACP-EU Partnership Agreement; as well the wider evidence based policy development, political dialogue, human rights, governance and aid effectiveness commitments. This component will also strengthen the EU, the United Republic of Tanzania and implementing partners' results oriented monitoring, financial management and control systems (including audits covering multiple decisions). Certain communication and visibility activities could be included in this component. b) Capacity Development Facility through Training Support for Projects and Programmes (TSPP) and Conferences and Seminars (CS). Support will be provided to Capacity Development of organisations or individuals from the Government, the EU Delegation and NSAs on topics related either to (i) the priorities of the ACP-EU Partnership Agreement (structural adjustment, democracy, environment, trade, etc.); (ii) global Development priorities, crosscutting Development objectives and human rights initiatives; (iii) EDF or other EU administrative and financial procedures; (iv) structural/organisational strengthening for improved resource utilisation, financial management and governance; (v) enhance visibility, dialogue and awareness of EU technical cooperation in Tanzania, and support to trade and private sector, regional integration, governance and human rights issues. Capacity Development programmes, training and conferences can be provided by private companies and/or individual experts, international organisations and NSAs in accordance with EDF procedures. 5 IMPLEMENTATION 5.1 Financing agreement In order to implement this action, it is foreseen to conclude a financing agreement with the partner country, referred to in Article 17 of Annex IV to the ACP-EU Partnership Agreement. 5.2 Indicative implementation period The indicative operational implementation period of this action, during which the activities described in section 4.1 will be carried out and the corresponding contracts and agreements implemented, is 48 months from the date of entry into force of the financing agreement. Extensions of the implementation period may be agreed by the Commission s authorising officer responsible by amending this decision and the relevant contracts and agreements; such [10]

11 amendments to this decision constitute non-substantial amendment in the sense of Article 9(4) of Regulation (EU) No 2015/ Implementation of the budget support component N/A 5.4 Implementation modalities Indirect management with the partner country This action with the objective of 1) Strengthening implementation and formulation of the Tanzania - /EU cooperation and broader donor coordination; 2) Providing policy and/or expert advice and knowledge sharing; 3) Supporting Capacity Development, supervision and monitoring of EDF funded programmes may be implemented in indirect management with the United Republic of Tanzania in accordance with Article 58(1)(c) of the Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 applicable by virtue of Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2015/323 according to the following modalities: The partner country will act as the contracting authority for the procurement and grant procedures. The Commission will control ex ante all the procurement procedures except in cases where programme estimates are applied, under which the Commission applies ex ante control for procurement contracts above EUR (or lower, based on a risk assessment) and may apply ex post control for procurement contracts up to that threshold. The Commission will control ex ante the contracting procedures for all grant contracts. Payments are executed by the Commission except in cases where programmes estimates are applied, under which payments are executed by the partner country for ordinary operating costs, direct labour and contracts below EUR 300,000 for procurement and up to EUR for grants. The financial contribution does not cover the ordinary operating costs incurred under the programme estimates. In accordance with Article 190(2)(b) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 and Article 262(3) of Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1268/2012 applicable by virtue of Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2015/323 and Article 19c(1) of Annex IV to the ACP-EU Partnership Agreement, the partner country shall apply procurement rules of Chapter 3 of Title IV of Part Two of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012. These rules, as well as rules on grant procedures in accordance with Article 193 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 applicable by virtue of Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2015/323, will be laid down in the financing agreement concluded with the partner country. 5.5 Scope of geographical eligibility for procurement and grants The geographical eligibility in terms of place of establishment for participating in procurement and grant award procedures and in terms of origin of supplies purchased as established in the basic act and set out in the relevant contractual documents shall be subject to the following provisions. [11]

12 Article 9(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 236/2014Article 22(1)(a) of Annex IV to the ACP-EU Partnership Agreement Article 89(2)(f)(i) of Council Decision 2013/755/EU; the Commission decides that natural and legal persons from the following countries having traditional economic, trade or geographical links with neighbouring partner countries shall be eligible for participating in procurement and grant award procedures: United Republic of Tanzania. The supplies originating there shall also be eligible. The Commission s authorising officer responsible may extend the geographical eligibility in accordance Article 22(1)(b) of Annex IV to the ACP-EU Partnership Agreement Article 89(2)(f)(ii) and 89(3) of Council Decision 2013/755/EU on the basis of urgency or of unavailability of products and services in the markets of the countries concerned, or in other duly substantiated cases where the eligibility rules would make the realisation of this action impossible or exceedingly difficult. 5.6 Indicative budget Module Indirect management with the United Republic of Tanzania a) Technical Assistance Facility (policy/advisory, identification, formulation, audit, monitoring and evaluation) b) Capacity Development Facility (Training, Conferences and Seminars) Amount in EUR Third party contribution c) Communication and visibility (5.11.) Evaluation and Audit Contingencies TOTALS Organisational set-up and responsibilities The NAO will directly contract or authorise the EU Delegation to contract services and actions on its behalf. The NAO and the Commission, represented by the Delegation to the United Republic of Tanzania, will meet regularly to ascertain what services and actions need to be contracted and how best to do this to support the objective. Implementation will be carried out primarily through: [12]

13 (a) Medium and short term services contracts: consultancy firms, specialised NSAs or individual experts will be identified according to EDF procurement procedures by means of service contracts contracted by the NAO. Framework Contracts will be contracted directly by the European Commission when or if they are used. (b) Programme estimates will be prepared for procurement of supplies, award of grants, incidental expenses such as interpretation and secretarial services, rental, equipment, participation fees and other expenses for conferences and seminars. They will be implemented through decentralised direct operations. 5.8 Performance monitoring and reporting Consistently with the focus on partner ownership of projects and programmes supported by Technical Cooperation, monitoring the implementation of Technical Cooperation is primarily the responsibility of the partner country. Actions financed by this project will be monitored by the NAO. The partner country institutions are responsible for accountability to domestic stakeholders. Monitoring should take place at several levels from impact/outcomes to all inputs into a programme. In line with the Paris Declaration and Management for Development Results Agenda focus will be on jointly agreed results-frameworks rather than on Technical Cooperation narrow outcomes. A mix of qualitative and quantitative indicators will be adopted to capture both tangible and intangible dimensions of capacity. Amongst the suggested performance-tracking indicators: Technical Cooperation -outputs indicators: (i) Timely and quality outputs of advisory technical cooperation; (ii) Timely and successful identification and formulation of 11 th EDF NIP/RIP programmes or projects (iii) Successful implementation, evaluation or audit of programmes/projects under the 10 th and 11 th EDF NIP/RIP; (iv) Number of harmonised/joint donor Technical Cooperation initiatives; (v) Effective mainstreaming of cross-cutting issues in national/eu development policies and programmes; (vi) Evaluation reports of participants on training activities attended, records of attendance at trainings, seminars and conferences. Qualitative indicators: use of new/improved internal processes, review of policy and legal framework, staff competency, quality of leadership and management of poverty reduction strategies/programmes/projects. The day-to-day technical and financial monitoring of the implementation of this action will be a continuous process and part of the implementing partner s responsibilities. To this aim, the implementing partner shall establish a permanent internal, technical and financial monitoring system for the action and elaborate regular progress reports (not less than annual) and final reports. Every report shall provide an accurate account of implementation of the action, difficulties encountered, changes introduced, as well as the degree of achievement of its results [13]

14 (outputs and direct outcomes) as measured by corresponding indicators, using as reference the logframe matrix. The report shall be laid out in such a way as to allow monitoring of the means envisaged and employed and of the budget details for the action. The final report, narrative and financial, will cover the entire period of the action implementation. The Commission may undertake additional project monitoring visits both through its own staff and through independent consultants recruited directly by the Commission for independent monitoring reviews (or recruited by the responsible agent contracted by the Commission for implementing such reviews). 5.9 Evaluation Having regard to the nature of the action, evaluations will not be carried out for this action or its components. In case an evaluation is not foreseen, the Commission may, during implementation, decide to undertake such an evaluation for duly justified reasons either on its own decision or on the initiative of the partner. The evaluation reports shall be shared with the partner country and other key stakeholders. The implementing partner and the Commission shall analyse the conclusions and recommendations of the evaluations and, where appropriate, in agreement with the partner country, jointly decide on the follow-up actions to be taken and any adjustments necessary, including, if indicated, the reorientation of the project. Indicatively, one contract for evaluation services shall be concluded under a framework contract at the end of the action Audit Without prejudice to the obligations applicable to contracts concluded for the implementation of this action, the Commission may, on the basis of a risk assessment, contract independent audits or expenditure verification assignments for one or several contracts or agreements. Indicatively, one contract for audit services shall be concluded under a framework contract at the end of the action Communication and visibility Communication and visibility of the EU is a legal obligation for all external actions funded by the EU. This action shall contain communication and visibility measures which shall be based on a specific Communication and Visibility Plan of the Action, to be elaborated at the start of implementation and supported with the budget indicated in section 5.5 above. [14]

15 In terms of legal obligations on communication and visibility, the measures shall be implemented by the Commission, the partner country, contractors, grant beneficiaries and/or entrusted entities. Appropriate contractual obligations shall be included in, respectively, the financing agreement, procurement and grant contracts, and delegation agreements. The Communication and Visibility Manual for European Union External Action shall be used to establish the Communication and Visibility Plan of the Action and the appropriate contractual obligations. Budgetary provision has been made for strategic communication services to strengthen visibility and awareness of EU cooperation in Tanzania, support trade, regional integration and global development objectives. Communication activities are also foreseen to increase stakeholders awareness of EU new approach to Technical Cooperation and Capacity Development and available EU funding opportunities. All activities carried out under this facility will be compliant with and executed following the EU visibility guidelines for external actions. [15]