Introduction to the Disaster Risk Profile of Chittagong subir Das Focal Person Youth Issue Young Power in Social Action (YPSA) Cell: +01716692292 Email: subir18bd@yahoo.com
Chittagong at a Glance 2nd largest main urban area in Bangladesh 5,282.92 km 2 (2,039.75 sq mi) 7,616,352 people Density is 1,400/km 2 (3,700/sq mi) GDP is USD25.5B Major commercial and industrial center; commercial capital of the country Has globally competitive economic zone Planned to become a regional hub Only oil refinery and steel mill in the country Biggest land port in the country
What is Disaster Profile Snapshot of all the risks a target human system is subject to within a given timeframe. Simple risk profile includes a set of hazard scenarios, potential losses, and the probability of occurrence More comprehensive risk profile including: - Impacts of risk, categorization of risks, relative priority of the risks, acceptable levels of risk - linkages between different levels of risks, ways of measuring the risk (qualitative and quantitative), key risk areas/hotspots - Risk reduction measures, capacity for risk treatment, learning needs and tools, etc
Sources for Disaster Risk Information Evidence-based Quantitative Systematic Comprehensive Complete Multi-purposes Dynamic
Requirement for disaster profiling Where are the hazards present? Why are they present there? Who gets affected? What makes them vulnerable to these disasters? DRR Planning Risk Profile Early warning system Contingency Planning
Defining Disaster Quantitatively Disasters include all events that cause: At least 100 human deaths, or At least 100 human injuries, or At least US $1 million economic damages. (Sheehan and Hewitt in Smith, 1996)
Bradford Disaster Scale Fatality scale, starting at 10 deaths, then: 32 deaths = magnitude 1.5 disaster 95 deaths = magnitude 1.98 166 deaths = magnitude 2.22 1,000 deaths = magnitude 3.0 25,000 deaths = magnitude 4.38 Destruction of the planet = magnitude 10 (Horlick-Jones and Peters, 1991)
Defining by Characteristics of Disaster 1. Length of forewarning 2. Magnitude of impact 3. Geographical scope of impact 4. Duration of impact 5. Speed of onset
A United Nation Definition of Disaster A serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material, or environmental losses which exceed the ability of affected society to cope using only its own resources. (U.N., 1992)
A Comprehensive Definition A disaster is a non-routine event that exceeds the capacity of the affected area to respond to it in such a way as to save lives; to preserve property; and to maintain the social, ecological, economic, and political stability of the affected region. (Pearce, 2000)
Disaster Event in Chittagong Sources of Disaster Natural Disaster Name of Disaster Landslide Tidal surge Cyclone Earthquake Water logging Flood Tsunami Man made Disaster Fire Unplanned urbanization Water logging
Major Role Player in Disaster Management District Administration Fire Service and Civil Defense Hospitals Police Armed forces NGO s Government Departments Volunteers Community People
YPSA s different experiences in DRR, Climate Change Projects SL No Programs/ Projects/ Title of research Output/ Outcome/ Impacts 01. Establishing partnership for disaster preparedness 02. Reducing risk of the vulnerable communities to flood & earthquake 03. Mobilizing communities for disaster risk reduction 04. Community based disaster risk management (CBDRM) inclusive in South Asia program Contingency planning guideline for school has been developed. Ward disaster management committee have been formed and their capacity have been increased. Contingency planning guideline for garments has been developed and its Staffs and workers have been provided awareness training. Earthquake vulnerability atlas published. Contingency planning guideline for hospital has been developed. 2250 families have been awarded by earth quake atlas. Skill of twenty Doctors and nurse of five on mass causalities has been increased Participatory vulnerability assessments conducted. Community-based disaster risk reduction plans implemented. Vital assets and services protected. Resilient livelihoods strengthened. Project impacts assessed and highlighted
SL No Programs/ Projects/ Title of research Output/ Outcome/ Impacts 5 Bangladesh Housing, Land and Property (HLP) Rights Initiative for Climate Displaced People 6 Restoration and conservation of biodiversity in the denuded hills in Sitakunda and Mirsharai, Chittagong -Conducted three studies that examine in detail the true picture of land availability in Bangladesh for climate displaced persons as well as the potential durability of future resettlement. -Conduct research and published book on Mapping Study of Climate Displacement in Bangladesh - Published several books for strengthen the advocacy with different stakeholder for ensuring rights of climate displaced peoples Alternative Income Generation for Forest depended people have introduced and ecosystem based adaptation practicing in the forest area 7 Climate Change Adaptation by ensuring Water and Sanitation facilities in Cyclone Shelters Introducing rainwater harvesting, safewater drinking water and sanitation points in the 12 cyclone shelters cum Govt. primary school
Some more intervention of YPSA Develop volunteers in high risk wards of Chittagong rural and urban area. Develop capacities of Volunteers on Leadership, First Aid, Psychosocical Care, Search & Rescue, First Aid, Fire fighting. Survey to Institutions and Locality (EVA) Awareness campaign from door to door lay role in Hospital, Garments, School Simulation Day observation program 17
School Programs In 14 Important Schools of Chittagong City following major activities were done Sensitization workshop with teachers on earthquake disaster Orientation for the students, teachers and staff of school Development of contingency plan Simulation exercise 18
Garments Programs Sensitization workshop with management, officers & workers of garments Orientation on earthquake preparedness for management, officers & workers Develop contingency plan First aid training for garments staffs Simulation exercise 19
Hospital Base Activity Training for Doctors Orientation for staffs Giving equipments, beds etc Develop Contingency plan Simulation 20
Disaster and disability Accessible disability exclusive Cyclone shelter RAMP develop at cyclone shelter for disable people Volunteer group formation at Community level Trained up community volunteer on first AID, search and rescue 21
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