May 2018 Statistical Factsheet France CONTENTS Main figures 1. KEY DATA 2. POPULATI ON & ECONOMY 3. FINANCIAL ASPECTS 4. ECONOMI C ACCOUNTS 5. AGRICULTURAL TRADE 6. FARM STRUCTURE 1 2 3 4-5 6-12 13-14 15-16 Main figures - Year 2017 Population (1 st January) 66 989 083 persons Area* 543 965 km 2 Currency EUR euro Nominal GDP at current prices 2 285 692 million EUR GDP per capita at current prices 34 004 EUR GDP per capita at purchasing power 30 751 PPS Harmonised index of consumer prices 1.1% change over previous year Unemployment rate 9.5 % of labour force Exports (goods & services)** 657 253 million EUR Imports (goods & services)** 731 482 million EUR Balance (goods & services)*** -55 120 million EUR Exports of agricultural products 62 244 million EUR Imports of agricultural products 51 328 million EUR Current account balance -1.4 % of GDP General government balance -2.9 % of GDP General government gross debt 96.9 % of GDP Sources: European Commission, Eurostat, and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs. Updated: M ay 2018 * Data refer to the year 2015 ** 2010 prices *** current prices Agriculture and Rural Development
1. KEY DATA Macroeconomics Population (new European Commission methodology) Total population (number of persons), of which: 2016 64 604 599 12.7% of EU-28 in predominantly rural regions (PR) 2016 32.1% 19.2% in EU-28 in intermediate regions 2016 32.9% 36.0% in EU-28 in predominantly urban regions 2016 35.0% 44.8% in EU-28 Population in PR regions (number of persons) 2016 20 731 936 21.2% of EU-28 GDP In EUR (current prices): Million EUR 2017 2 285 692 15.6% of EU-28 GDP per capita 2017 34 004 29 833 in EU-28 GDP per capita (PPS) 2017 30 751 29 833 in EU-28 Real GDP growth rate (% change over previous year) 2017 1.6% 2.3% in EU-28 Gross value added Agriculture, forestry and fishing (% of total GVA) 2017 1.7% 1.6% in EU-28 Financial aspects Agricultural expenditure Total expenditure (million EUR), of which: 2017 9 671.2 0.0% of EU-28 Direct payments (%) 2017 76.2% 70.6% in EU-28 Market measures (%) 2017 6.6% 5.1% in EU-28 Rural development (%) 2017 17.2% 24.3% in EU-28 Economic accounts of agriculture Agricultural output Agricultural goods output (million EUR), of which: 2017 64 281.4 16.7% of EU-28 Crop output, of which: 2017 60.4% 18.3% of EU-28 Cereals (including seeds) 2017 15.1% 21.2% of EU-28 Industrial crops 2017 6.3% 18.8% of EU-28 Forage plants 2017 8.3% 22.6% of EU-28 Vegetables and horticultural products 2017 9.0% 10.5% of EU-28 Potatoes 2017 2.8% 16.2% of EU-28 Fruits 2017 4.7% 11.8% of EU-28 Wine 2017 13.9% 42.9% of EU-28 Olive oil 2017 0.0% 0.0% of EU-28 Animal output, of which: 2017 39.6% 14.7% of EU-28 Cattle 2017 11.3% 22.0% of EU-28 Pigs 2017 5.0% 8.4% of EU-28 Sheep and goats 2017 1.1% 13.5% of EU-28 Poultry 2017 5.0% 15.0% of EU-28 Milk 2017 14.3% 15.6% of EU-28 Eggs 2017 1.9% 11.8% of EU-28 Gross value added at basic prices (million EUR) 2017 28268.2 15.7% of EU-28 Agricultural input Total intermediate consumption (million EUR) 2016 42 518.1 17.5% of EU-28 Agricultural income Indicator A (% change over previous year) 2017 10.5% 8.4% in EU-28 Farm structure Holdings Total (No), of which: 2013 472 210 4.4% of EU-28 UAA < 5 ha (%) 2013 24.6% 66.3% in EU-28 Economic size < 4 000 2013 11.7% 55.7% in EU-28 Holder < 35 years (%) 2013 8.8% 6.0% in EU-28 Holder > 64 years (%) 2013 12.4% 31.1% in EU-28 UAA per holding (has) 2013 58.7 16.1 in EU-28 Labour force Persons (No), of which: 2013 907 080 4.1% of EU-28 Women (%) 2013 29.9% 41.8% in EU-28 Holders (%) 2013 39.0% 46.8% in EU-28 Agriculture in % of total employment 2016 2.8% 4.0% in EU-28 Sources: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development. Updated: M ay 2018 2
2. POPULATION AND ECONOMY Importance of rural areas Territory Population GVA Employment (km 2 ) (persons) (Million EUR) (persons) Year 2015 2016 2014 2016 Predominantly Rural Regions 340 825 20 731 936 457 593 #VALUE! Intermediate Regions 155 541 21 264 456 521 989 #VALUE! Predominantly Urban Regions 47 600 22 608 207 899 505 #VALUE! Total 543 965 64 604 599 1 879 088 0 Source: Eurostat. Updated: M ay 2018 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 8.75% 28.59% 34.99% 47.87% 40% 30% 62.66% 32.91% 27.78% 10% 0% 8.75% 24.35% % Territory % Population % GVA % Employment predominantly rural intermediate predominantly urban Economic forecast Indicators 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 GDP In million EUR (current prices) 1 998 481 2 059 284 2 086 929 2 115 256 2 147 609 2 194 243 2 228 857 2 285 692 2 357 805 2 432 714 Per capita (in PPS; current prices) 27 535 28 274 28 465 29 023 29 556 30 766 30 352 30 751 31 549 32 409 % change over previous period GDP growth (at constant prices) 2.0% 2.1% 0.2% 0.6% 0.9% 1.1% 1.2% 1.6% 1.7% 1.6% GDP deflator 1.1% 0.9% 1.2% 0.8% 0.6% 1.1% 0.4% 0.9% 1.4% 1.5% Harmonised index of consumer prices 1.7% 2.3% 2.2% 1.0% 0.6% 0.1% 0.3% 1.1% 1.2% 1.5% Exports (goods and services) 9.0% 6.9% 2.5% 1.9% 3.3% 4.3% 1.8% 3.1% 4.0% 4.2% Imports (goods and services) 8.9% 6.3% 0.7% 2.1% 4.8% 5.7% 4.2% 3.9% 4.0% 4.2% Net exports of goods and services (million EUR) -37 611-52 759-45 010-39 823-42 386-33 066-43 415-55 120-52 855-51 987 % of total employment Unemployment rate 9.3 9.2 9.8 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.1 9.5 9.3 8.9 % of GDP Current account balance -0.8-1.0-1.2-0.9-1.1-0.2-0.9-1.4-1.2-1.1 General government balance -6.8-5.1-4.8-4.1-3.9-3.6-3.4-2.9-2.9-3.0 General government gross debt 81.6 85.2 89.6 92.4 95.0 95.8 96.5 96.9 96.9 96.9 Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs Updated: May 2018 Data for 2018 and 2019 is a forecast 3
3.1. AGRICULTURE: FINANCIAL ASPECTS CAP expenditure Measures 2017 2017 1 000 EUR % Decoupled direct aids 6 091 979 63.0% 82.7% Other direct aids 1 188 109 12.3% 16.1% Additional amounts of aid 0 0.0% 0.0% Reimbursement of direct aids in relation to financial discipline 85 324 0.9% 1.2% Direct payments 7 365 412 76.2% 100.0% Olive oil 484 0.0% 0.1% Textile plants 0 0.0% 0.0% Fruit and vegetables 111 969 1.2% 17.5% Wine sector 280 545 2.9% 43.8% Promotion 10 480 0.1% 1.6% Other plant products/measures 124 080 1.3% 19.4% Milk and milk products 77 835 0.8% 12.2% Beef and veal 1 630 0.0% 0.3% Sheepmeat and goatmeat 0 0.0% 0.0% Pigmeat, eggs, poultry and other 33 035 0.3% 5.2% School schemes* 0 0.0% 0.0% Market measures 640 058 6.6% 100% Rural development 1 665 778 17.2% TOTAL 9 671 247 100.0% Note: Expenditure in commitments for direct payments and market measures; ceilings of support for rural development. * Programme implementation based on school years; reimbursement possible in the next financial year Source: European Commission, Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development Distribution of CAP expenditure 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 17.2% 6.6% 24.3% 5.1% 50% 40% 30% 76.2% 70.6% 10% 0% France EU-28 Direct payments Market measures Rural development 4
3.2. AGRICULTURE: FINANCIAL ASPECTS Distribution of direct aids to the producers Size-class of aid (all direct payments) Beneficiaries x 1 000 % of total x 1 000 % of total < 0 0.97 0.28% - 889 0.0% 0 and < 500 23.02 6.63% 4 471 0.1% 500 and < 1 250 27.01 7.78% 22 742 0.3% 1 250 and < 2 000 16.40 4.72% 26 157 0.4% 2 000 and < 5 000 34.54 9.94% 114 023 1.5% 5 000 and < 10 000 35.37 10.18% 261 659 3.6% 10 000 and < 20 000 65.72 18.92% 986 226 13.4% 20 000 and < 50 000 112.34 32.34% 3563 658 48.4% 50 000 and < 100 000 28.76 8.28% 1869 657 25.4% 100 000 and < 150 000 2.56 0.74% 298 475 4.1% 150 000 and < 200 000 0.45 0.13% 75 335 1.0% 200 000 and < 250 000 0.11 0.03% 23 202 0.3% 250 000 and < 300 000 0.05 0.01% 12 374 0.2% 300 000 and < 500 000 0.05 0.01% 18 715 0.3% 500 000 0.07 0.02% 88 809 1.2% Total 347.41 100% 7 364 614 100% Source: European Commission, Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development. Financial year 2017 Note: In order to protect the anonymity of the beneficiaries, numbers less than 10 have been made invisible in this table. Payments in EUR 60% Indicative figures on the distribution of direct aid by size-class of aid (1 000 EUR) 50% 40% 30% 10% 0% 0 - <0.5 0.5 - <1.25 1.25 - <2 2 - <5 5 - <10 10 - <20 20 - <50 50 - <100 100 - <150 150 - <200 200 - <250 250 - <300 300 - <500 >=500 Beneficiaries Payments 5
4.1. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Agricultural output Output components (constant prices) 2015 2016 Million EUR 2017 Million EUR % of total % of EU-28 Cereals: 10773 7385 9148 15.1% 21.7% Wheat and spelt 6 417 4 051 5 350 8.8% 25.3% Rye and meslin 18 16 18 0.0% 2.1% Barley 1 879 1 248 1 547 2.5% 19.9% Oats and summer cereal mixtures 56 51 61 0.1% 4.8% Grain maize 2091 1790 1900 3.1% 21.2% Rice 24 23 23 0.0% 3.8% Other cereals 288 205 250 0.4% 15.8% Industrial crops: 3 748 3 488 3 798 6.3% 19.3% Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits 2411 2162 2455 4.0% 21.9% Protein crops 199 153 173 0.3% 13.7% Raw tobacco 31 30 30 0.0% 6.2% Sugar beet 760 801 801 1.3% 23.0% Other industrial crops 347 343 340 0.6% 10.4% Forage plants 5348 5288 5030 8.3% 23.1% Vegetables and horticultural products 5 540 5 726 5 478 9.0% 10.6% Potatoes 2026 2395 1710 2.8% 16.5% Fruits 2749 2898 2874 4.7% 11.6% Wine 10059 9403 8445 13.9% 43.3% Olive oil 0 0 0 0.0% 0.0% Other crop products 144 176 201 0.3% 7.2% Crop output 40 386 36 758 36 684 60.4% 18.5% Animals: 14 528 14 207 14 083 23.2% 15.0% Cattle 7 092 6 877 6 865 11.3% 22.6% Pigs 2 852 2 948 3 007 5.0% 8.5% Equines 78 95 90 0.1% 8.8% Sheep and goats 680 686 681 1.1% 13.8% Poultry 3 352 3 149 3 015 5.0% 15.2% Other animals 474 451 425 0.7% 18.8% Animal products: 9 499 8 681 9 949 16.4% 14.9% Milk 8 393 7 686 8 692 14.3% 16.0% Eggs 945 894 1156 1.9% 12.0% Other animal products 161 101 100 0.2% 3.9% Animal output 24 027 22 888 24 032 39.6% 15.0% Agricultural goods output 64 413 59 646 60 716 100.0% 16.9% Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real producer prices). Updated: M ay 2018 6
4.2. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Agricultural input Input components 2015 2016 2017 2016/2015 2017/2016 Million EUR % Change Seeds and planting stock 2 087 2 053 2 015-1.6% -1.9% Energy 3 443 3 171 3 424-7.9% 8.0% Fertilisers and soil improvers 3 943 3 740 3 031-5.1% -19.0% Plant protection products 3 102 3 006 2 955-3.1% -1.7% Veterinary expenses 1 372 1 407 1 416 2.5% 0.6% Feedingstuffs 14 530 13 677 13 283-5.9% -2.9% Maintenance of materials 3 225 3 225 3 253 0.0% 0.9% Maintenance of buildings 327 328 332 0.2% 1.2% Agricultural services 4 145 4 187 3 973 1.0% -5.1% Other goods and services 5 849 5 860 5 827 0.2% -0.6% Total intermediate consumption 43 169 41 438 40 160-4.0% -3.1% Fixed capital consumption 10 032 9 986 10 021-0.5% 0.4% Note: 2017 data are estimates and may still change Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture: values at real basic prices (2010 = 100) Updated: M ay 2018 Agricultural income Values at basic prices 2015 2016 2017 2016/2015 2017/2016 Million EUR % Change Output of the agricultural "industry": 70 804 65 864 66 860-7.0% 1.5% Crop output 40 386 36 758 36 684-9.0% -0.2% Animal output: 24 027 22 888 24 032-4.7% 5.0% Animals 14 528 14 207 14 083-2.2% -0.9% Animal products 9 499 8 681 9 949-8.6% 14.6% Agricultural services 4 145 4 187 4 195 1.0% 0.2% Secondary activities 2 246 2 031 1 949-9.6% -4.1% - Intermediate consumption 43 169 41 438 40 160-4.0% -3.1% = Gross value added at basic prices 28 755 25 541 27 811-11.2% 8.9% - Consumption of fixed capital 10 032 9 986 10 021-0.5% 0.4% - Taxes 1 578 1 399 1 547-11.4% 10.6% + Subsidies 8 081 7 786 7 755-3.7% -0.4% = Factor income 25 225 21 942 23 998-13.0% 9.4% Agricultural income* (2010=100) 108.6 95.6 105.6-12.0% 10.5% Note: 2017 data are estimates and may still change Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real prices; constant prices for *Indicator A - see definition at the end of this document). Updated: M ay 2018 7
4.3. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Output components (2015-2017 average) Other, 1.4% Eggs, 1.6% Cereals, 14.8% Industrial crops, 6.0% Forage plants, 8.5% Vegetables and horticultural products, 9.1% Fruits, 4.6% Potatoes, 3.3% Milk, 13.4% Wine, 15.1% Pigs, 4.8% Cattle, 11.3% Poultry, 5.2% Sheep and goats, 1.1% Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real producer prices) Updated: May 2018 Intermediate consumption (2015-2017 average) Maintenance of materials, 7.8% Feedingstuffs, 33.3% Maintenance of buildings, 0.8% Agricultur al services, 9.9% Other, 16.1% Energy, lubricants, 8.0% Seeds and plantin g stock, 4.9% Plant protection products, 7.3% Fertiliser, soil improver, 8.6% Veterinary expenses, 3.4% Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real basic price) Updated: May 2018 8
1 000 AWU France 4.4. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Evolution of agricultural labour input 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 non-salaried salaried Source: Eurostat Updated: May 2018 Evolution of agricultural income (*) compared to wages and salaries in other sectors of the economy 125 115 105 95 85 75 65 55 45 35 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Agricultural income (Indicator A) (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Industry (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Construction (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Services (2010=100) Source: Eurostat Updated: May 2018 (*) The so-called indicator A is the real net value added at factor cost of agriculture per annual work unit (AWU). The net value added at factor cost (factor income) is calculated by subtracting the consumption of fixed capital from gross value added at basic prices and adding the value of subsidies less taxes. The AWU is defined as the work volume corresponding to one full-time employed worked. 9
4.5. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Evolution of agricultural input and output prices 115 110 105 100 95 90 85 80 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Input prices (intermediate consumption) Output prices Source: Eurostat Updated: May 2018 Evolution of harmonised indices of consumer prices 105 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 all items food Source: Eurostat Updated: May 2018 10
4.6. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Farmers' income and labour development index (real terms) Index 2010=100 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Agricultural income (Indicator A) (2010=100) Annual Working Units (Thousand AWU) Source: Eurostat and DG Agriculture and Rural Development Updated: May 2018 (*) The so-called indicator A is the real net value added at factor cost of agriculture per annual work unit (AWU). The net value added at factor cost (factor income) is calculated by subtracting the consumption of fixed capital from gross value added at basic prices and adding the value of subsidies less taxes. The AWU is defined as the work volume corresponding to one full-time employed worked. 11
4.7. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Agricultural income (real prices) 100 000 million Euro Revenues 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000 0 20 000 40 000 60 000 Costs 80 000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Crop output Animal output Product subsidies Other subsidies Agricultural services output Non-agricultural secondary Seeds Energy Fertilisers Plant/animal protection Feedingstuffs Labour Rents Interest Other costs Entrepreneurial income 100% Cost Structure 100% Revenue Structure 80% 80% 60% 60% 40% 40% 0% 2003-2005 2015-2017 Plant/animal protection Other costs Taxes Interest Rents Labour Feedingstuffs Energy Fertilisers Seeds 0% 2003-2005 2015-2017 Non-agricultural secondary Agricultural services output Other subsidies Product subsidies Source: Eurostat Updated: May 2018 12
5.1. AGRICULTURAL TRADE Agricultural trade in 2017 By category of product Exports Total trade Million EUR Trade with EU countries Trade with non-eu countries % change % change Million EUR 2017/2016 Million EUR 2017/2016 Commodities 12908.9 8816.4 4.6% 4084.5-12.73% Other primary products 11393.9 8888.1 4.0% 2505.8-1.76% Processed products 15692.7 8932.5 6.7% 6760.2 11.67% Food preparations 10801.8 7017.8 3.0% 3784.0 15.06% Beverages 6363.0 2196.2-0.4% 4166.8 6.18% Non edible 5083.8 3248.5 2.6% 1797.7 1.24% Total agricultural products 62244.0 39099.4 4.2% 23099.0 3.71% Imports as % of total exports 13.1% 14.1% - 11.8% - Commodities 9575.7 5931.7 5.5% 3643.9-1.6% Other primary products 14453.6 11453.1 5.3% 3000.5 10.0% Processed products 10043.3 8025.8 8.3% 2017.5 13.4% Food preparations 9135.5 8408.7 3.9% 726.8 0.8% Beverages 2735.6 2454.8 2.9% 280.7 4.5% Non edible 5384.5 4661.0 4.6% 723.5 5.6% Total agricultural products 51328.1 40935.1 5.4% 10392.9 5.17% Balance as % of total imports 9.3% 10.6% - 6.2% - Commodities 3333.1 2884.7-440.5 - Other primary products -3059.7-2565.0 - -494.7 - Processed products 5649.4 906.6-4742.7 - Food preparations 1666.3-1391.0-3057.3 - Beverages 3627.4-258.7-3886.1 - Non edible -300.7-1412.5-1074.3 - Total agricultural products 10915.8-1835.8-12706.1 - Source: Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development, based on COM EXT data Updated: M ay 2018 Exports of agricultural products 100% 90% 29% 80% 37% 70% 60% 50% 40% 71% 30% 63% 10% 0% 2008 2017 to EU countries to non-eu countries Imports of agricultural products 100% 90% 21% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 79% 80% 30% 10% 0% 2008 2017 from EU countries from non-eu countries 13
Imports Exports France 5.2. AGRICULTURAL TRADE Evolution of agricultural trade with EU and non-eu countries Million EUR 80 000 60 000 14000 12000 40 000 20 000 0 20 000 40 000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0-2000 60 000 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017-4000 Exports to non-eu countries Imports from non-eu countries Balance with EU countries (right axis) Exports to EU countries Imports from EU countries Balance with non-eu countries (right axis) Structure of agricultural exports and imports 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 8% 8% 6% 18% 23% 18% 16% 11% 6% 21% 7% 3% 7% 19% 29% 40% 29% 30% 23% 11% 28% 35% 10% 23% 18% 14% 0% Exports to EU countries Exports to non-eu countries Imports from EU countries Imports from non-eu countries Commodities Other primary products Processed products Food preparations Beverages Non edible products Source: Eurostat, Comext Updated: May 2018 14
6.1. FARM STRUCTURE Structure of agricultural holdings By UAA (*) By economic size (**) By LSU (***) By age of holder Total UAA in 1 000 ha Holdings UAA (ha) per holding Total % Total % < 5 ha 147 680 26.0% 116 370 24.6% 5-10 ha 52 160 9.2% 41 090 8.7% 10-20 ha 57 980 10.2% 44 770 9.5% 20-30 ha 40 350 7.1% 31 610 6.7% 30-50 ha 69 130 12.2% 47 440 10.0% 50-100 ha 112 950 19.9% 93 330 19.8% > 100 ha 86 880 15.3% 97 600 20.7% < 4 000 98 190 17.3% 55 400 11.7% < 8 000 46 150 8.1% 34 830 7.4% < 15 000 43 920 7.7% 35 580 7.5% < 25 000 40 570 7.2% 31 620 6.7% < 50 000 76 500 13.5% 57 640 12.2% < 100 000 114 400 20.2% 80 080 17.0% < 250 000 109 990 19.4% 115 790 24.5% < 500 000 29 360 5.2% 46 570 9.9% =/> 500 000 8 050 1.4% 14 680 3.1% 0 197 870 34.9% 204 980 43.4% 0-5 102 370 18.1% 51 970 11.0% 5-10 29 050 5.1% 21 980 4.7% 10-15 17 280 3.0% 12 690 2.7% 15-20 13 150 2.3% 10 380 2.2% 20-50 66 340 11.7% 45 760 9.7% 50-100 76 670 13.5% 54 420 11.5% 100-500 60 640 10.7% 65 750 13.9% > 500 3 780 0.7% 4 280 0.9% < 35 years 51 510 9.1% 41 640 8.8% 35-44 years 140 140 24.7% 90 330 19.1% 45-54 years 170 800 30.1% 154 410 32.7% 55-64 years 127 200 22.4% 127 320 27.0% > 64 years 77 480 13.7% 58 510 12.4% 567 140 100 472 210 100 27 591 27 739 48.6 58.7 Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey Updated: January 2017 2005 2013 (*) UAA = Utilised agricultural area. (**) Economic size: The standard output of an agricultural product (crop or livestock), abbreviated as SO, is the average monetary value of the agricultural output at farm-gate price, in euro per hectare or per head of livestock. There is a regional SO coefficient for each product, as an average value over a reference period (5 years, except for the SO 2004 coefficient calculated using the average of 3 years). The sum of all the SO per hectare of crop and per head of livestock in a farm is a measure of its overall economic size, expressed in euro. (***) LSU = Livestock units. A LSU is equivalent to a dairy cow. The number of animals (heads) is converted into LSU using a set of coefficients reflecting the feed requirements of the different animal categories. 15
6.2. FARM STRUCTURE Structure of farm labour force Family labour force persons: 491 050 of which women: 30.1% AWUs (*): 296 680 AWUs: 428 010 Holders Family members 2013 Regular non family labour force persons: persons: persons: 353 610 137 440 416 030 of which women: of which women: of which women: 23.4% 47.4% 42.2% Non family labour force Non regular non family labour force AWUs: AWUs: AWUs: AWUs: 241 810 54 870 343 800 84 210 Total farm labour force (persons) Total farm labour force (AWUs) 907 080 724 690 Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey Updated: January 2017 * AWUs = Annual work units. An AWU is equivalent to a worker employed on a full time basis for one year. This document does not necessarily represent the official views of the European Commission European Union, 2018 - Reproduction authorised provided the source is acknowledged Contact: DG Agriculture and Rural Development, Farm Economics Unit Tel: +32-2-29 75471 / E-mail: Agri-C3@ec.europa.eu 16