Fixed Income Presentation

Fixed Income Presentation Q4 2012 Financial information is presented on a continuing operations basis in Canadian dollars and is based on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), unless otherwise indicated. Investor Relations Caution regarding forward-looking statements From time to time, we make written or oral forward-looking statements within the meaning of certain securities laws, including the safe harbour provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and any applicable Canadian securities legislation. We may make forward-looking statements in this presentation and in the accompanying management s comments and responses to questions during the November 29, 2012 analyst conference call (Q4 presentation), in filings with Canadian regulators or the SEC, in reports to shareholders and in other communications. Forward-looking statements in this presentation include, but are not limited to, statements relating to our financial performance objectives, vision and strategic goals. The forward-looking information contained in this presentation is presented for the purpose of assisting the holders of our securities and financial analysts in understanding our financial position and results of operations as at and for the periods ended on the dates presented, and our financial performance objectives, vision and strategic goals, and may not be appropriate for other purposes. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as believe, expect, foresee, forecast, anticipate, intend, estimate, goal, plan and project and similar expressions of future or conditional verbs such as will, may, should, could or would. By their very nature, forward-looking statements require us to make assumptions and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties, which give rise to the possibility that our predictions, forecasts, projections, expectations or conclusions will not prove to be accurate, that our assumptions may not be correct and that our financial performance objectives, vision and strategic goals will not be achieved. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on these statements as a number of risk factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements. These factors many of which are beyond our control and the effects of which can be difficult to predict include: credit, market, liquidity and funding, operational, legal and regulatory compliance, insurance, reputation and strategic risks and other risks discussed in the Risk management and Overview of other risks sections of our 2012 Annual Report; the impact of changes in laws and regulations, including relating to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations issued and to be issued thereunder, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision s global standards for capital and liquidity reform, over-the-counter derivatives reform, the payments system in, consumer protection measures and regulatory reforms in the U.K. and Europe; general business and economic market conditions in, the United States and certain other countries in which we operate, including the effects of the European sovereign debt crisis, and the high levels of Canadian household debt; cybersecurity; the effects of changes in government fiscal, monetary and other policies; the effects of competition in the markets in which we operate; our ability to attract and retain employees; the accuracy and completeness of information concerning our clients and counterparties; judicial or regulatory judgments and legal proceedings; development and integration of our distribution networks; and the impact of environmental issues. We caution that the foregoing list of risk factors is not exhaustive and other factors could also adversely affect our results. When relying on our forwardlooking statements to make decisions with respect to us, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. Material economic assumptions underlying the forward looking-statements contained in this Q4 presentation are set out in our 2012 Annual Report under the heading Overview and Outlook and for each business segment under the heading Outlook and priorities. Except as required by law, we do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time by us or on our behalf. Additional information about these and other factors can be found in the Risk management and the Overview of other risks sections of our 2012 Annual Report. Information contained in or otherwise accessible through the websites mentioned does not form part of this Q4 presentation. All references in this Q4 presentation to websites are inactive textual references and are for your information only. 1

Canadian Economy SECTION I Investor Relations Strong fiscal position Strong rating as a result of fiscal prudence, conservative bank lending practices and solid economy Lowest net debt to GDP ratio among G-7 peers Proactively responded to crisis with strong fiscal stimulus and monetary policy #1 for soundness of banks for the 5 th consecutive year (1) 0.7 0.8 G7 Real GDP Growth (%) (2) 2000-2011 1.3 Canadian Government Budget Balance (3) (C$ billion) 20 14 3 6 1.4 1.8 1.9 8 7 9 13 14 10 1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2 3 Japan x 140% - lowest net debt of all G7 countries (4) (as a % of GDP) S&P Rating x UK AAA x Germany x France x x AA+ USA Government AA Net Debt 100% 75 50% 25% (% of nominal % GDP, 2012) A+ -30-9 -6-9 -2-17 -26-26 -33 Italy x A BBB+ -56 '95-96 '97-98 '99-00 '01-02 '03-04 '05-06 Italy Japan Germany France US UK '07-08 '09-10 '11-12 '13-14F '15-16F '17-18F Cda 2012F Cda 2013F (1) World Economic Forum, September 2011. (2) National statistics offices, RBC Economics Research. (3) Department of Finance,. (4) International Monetary Fund (IMF), RBC Economics Research. 3

Attractive economic fundamentals A diversified economy results in a balanced economic growth Stable inflation remaining in target range of 1-3% s unemployment rates are trending favorably and have shown less volatility to global shocks Canadian GDP by Industry (1) (May 2012) 14 12 Unemployment (%) (2) Finance, Insurance & Real Estate Manufacturing 10 8 6 4 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 14% 10% 21% 12% 13% Wholesale and Retail Trade Scientific, Technical & Educational Services Public Administration and Utilities Health Care Construction Mining, Oil & gas extractions Transportation, Warehousing Other 2 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 69 68 67 66 65 64 Labor Force Participation Rate (2) 63 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 4 (1) Statistics. Other includes information & cultural industries, other services, accommodation & food services, administration and support services and entertainment industries. (2) Statistics, Bureau of Labour Statistics, RBC Economics Research as at October 2012. Risk mitigating legislation and conservative lending practices Canadian Residential Mortgage Market (1) (C$1.1 trillion) 21% 4% Residential Mortgage Market (2) (USD$10.2 trillion) 25% 7% 75% 68% Chartered banks Non banks Securitized Securitized Commercial banks Non banks Regulation Consumer Behaviour Lender Behaviour Lenders Recourse Fully insured if LTV is over 80% Insurance is government-backed, on homes <$1 million Re-financing cap of 80% on non-insured mortgages Down-payment > 20% on non-owner occupied properties Must meet 5-year fixed rate mortgage standards Mortgage interest not tax deductible More incentive to pay off mortgage Strong underwriting discipline; extensive documentation Most mortgages are held on balance sheet Conservative lending policies have led to low delinquency rates Easy to foreclose on non-performing mortgages, with no stay periods Full recourse against borrowers Agency insured only if conforming and LTV under 80% No regulatory LTV limit can be over 100% Not government-backed if private insurer defaults Mortgage interest is tax deductible Less incentive to pay down mortgage Wide range of underwriting and documentation requirements Most mortgages securitized Stay period of up to 90 days to foreclose on nonperforming mortgages Limited recourse against borrowers in key states (1) Bank of, Q3 2012, RBC Economics Research. (2) Federal Reserve Board, Q2 2012, RBC Economics Research. 5

Canadian housing market fundamentals remain sound Overall, housing affordability remains at reasonable levels in most markets with supply and demand remain in balance Tighter policy measures surrounding mortgages have promoted a healthy housing market; with latest changes causing a restricting effect Home prices have moderated and the market is transitioning to a more sustainable pace of activity Household debt service costs ratio is well within the mean, with little movement towards increased risk Canadian House Price & Labour Income (1) (Indexed 1990=100) Household Debt Service Costs (2) Mortgage & non-mortgage interest payments as a % of PDI House Price Income 300 200 100 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 12 10 8 6 4 2 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 6 (1) Canadian Real Estate Association, Statistics, RBC Economics Research as at Sept 2012 (2) Statistics, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Office for National Statistics, RBC Economics Research as at March 2012. Canadians have significant equity ownership in their homes Canadians carry a significant and stable amount of equity in their homes Rate of home ownership is comparable to the (approximately 68% in both and ) (1) Mortgage delinquency rates remain low in and have been stable through recent credit cycle Homeowners' Equity as % of Total Value of Real Estate Assets (2) Owner s equity as a % of residential real estate assets Mortgage Delinquencies (3) (90+ days) Mortgages 90+ days in arrears as a % of total 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 7 (1) Statistics Census and Census Bureau. (2) Statistics, Federal Reserve Board, RBC Economics Research as at June 2012. (3) Canadian Bankers' Association, Mortgage Bankers' Association, RBC Economics Research as at Sept 2012.

The Toronto and Vancouver condo markets The market is in transition, driven by land constraints and favourable demographics Undeveloped land surrounding Toronto & Vancouver downtown cores is limited, causing shift to centralized condo housing Green belt surrounding Toronto has limited urban sprawl which increases demand for condos in the core Vancouver is similarly restricted in its ability for urban sprawl due to land constraints away from the city centre has one of the highest per capita rates of permanent immigration in the world (1) Nearly 20% of s population is foreign born (6,186,950), the highest proportion in 75 years (2) 68% of all new immigrants to move to Montreal, Toronto or Vancouver (2) Green belt surrounding Greater Toronto area limits sprawl Vancouver sprawl is limited by mountains, sea, border (1) Citizenship and Immigration, August 29.2011. (2) Statistics 2006 Census: Immigration, citizenship, language, mobility, and migration. 8 Royal Bank of SECTION 2 Investor Relations

RBC A universal bank with financial strength Largest Canadian bank (1) and one of North America s leading diversified financial companies with a select global focus Diversified business model, with the right mix of retail and wholesale is our core market where we generate two-thirds of our revenue Leveraging our leadership in to build competitive businesses in the and select international markets 1% Earnings by Business Segment (2) FY 2012 Personal & Commercial Banking Wealth Management 22% Insurance 10% 11% 56% Investor & Treasury Services Capital Markets Senior debt ratings amongst the highest globally Revenue by Geography (2) FY 2012 Moody s Aa3 Stable Senior debt ratings S&P Fitch AA- AA Stable Stable DBRS AA Stable 16% 17% 67% International Canadian leader with a select global scope reach (1) By market capitalization as of at November 27 2012, Bloomberg (2) Amounts represent continuing operations and excludes Corporate Support. For further information, see our 2012 Annual Report. 10 Strategic priorities Personal & Commercial Banking Wealth Management Insurance Investor & Treasury Services Capital Markets Building on leading market positions in Extending our Canadian sales power Eliminating costs and reinvesting for the future in Building on strengths in innovation and technology to differentiate the client experience in the Caribbean and Building a high-performing global asset management business Focusing on high net worth and ultra-high net worth clients to build global leadership Leveraging RBC and RBC Wealth Management strengths and capabilities Improving distribution efficiency and deepening client relationships Making it easier for clients to do business with us Pursuing select international opportunities to grow our reinsurance business Leveraging reputation and financial strength of RBC Building on the wealth management and capital markets capabilities of RBC Capitalizing on favourable long-term industry and demographic trends Extending our leadership position in Expanding and strengthening client relationships in the Building on core strengths and capabilities in the U.K., Europe and Asia Optimizing capital use to earn high risk-adjusted returns on assets and equity 11

Strong financial profile (1) Revenue ($ billions) Net Income ($ billions) 29.8 26.4 26.1 27.6 5.7 5.7 7.0 7.6 2009* 2010* 2011 2012 2009* 2010* 2011 2012 Return on Equity 17.9% 16.5% 20.3% 19.5% Capital ratios (Q4/2012 consolidated results) Tier 1 capital ratio Pro forma Common Equity Tier 1 (Basel III) (1) 13.1% 8.4% 2009* 2010* 2011 2012 * Based on Canadian GAAP. (1) Please refer to the Capital Management section of our 2012 Annual Report for details on Basel III requirements. (2) 2009 2011 calculated using Basel II. 2012 calculated using Basel 2.5. 12 Strength of a high quality liquid balance sheet $825 billion (as at October 31, 2012) Assets Liabilities & Capital 36% Liquid Assets Cash and Repos 135 Trading & Securities 162 129% coverage Unsecured Funding 125 Secured Funding 105 28% Wholesale funding Loan portfolio represents 46% of total balance sheet and includes sold MBS as per IFRS Derivatives are on Balance Sheet as per IFRS Trading & Investment Securities 164 Residential Mortgages (1) 198 Other Retail Loans 105 Wholesale Loans 77 Other Assets (2) 148 113% coverage Personal Deposits 180 Business & Government Deposits 149 Securitization (1) and Covered Bonds 54 Capital 54 Other Liabilities (2) 158 53% Capital + Retail related funding 13 (1) (1) Securitized Securitized agency agency MBS MBS are on are balance on balance sheet sheet as per as IFRS. per IFRS. (2) (2) Other Other assets assets include include $91B $103B of derivatives of derivatives related related to assets, assets, largely largely offset by offset derivatives by derivatives related liabilities related in Other liabilities liabilities. in Other Under liabilities. IFRS derivative Under amounts IFRS derivative with master amounts netting agreements with master cannot netting be agreements offset and the cannot gross be offset derivative and assets the gross and derivative liabilities are assets reported and on liabilities balance sheet. are reported on balance sheet.

History of delivering stable and growing dividends Dividend Current quarterly dividend: $0.60 Payout target: 40 50% 2012 payout ratio: 45% (1) Dividend history ($ per share) Increased dividend three times since May 2011, for a total increase of 20% $2.00 $2.00 $2.00 $2.08 $2.28 $1.82 Share buybacks Announced a normal course issuer bid to repurchase up to 30 million common shares (2) $0.86 $1.01 $1.18 $1.44 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Increased dividend three times since May 2012, for a total increase of 20% (1) Based on continuing operation results. (2) Purchases may commence on November 1, 2012. 14 RBC Among the Top 20 Largest Banks Globally RBC Among the Top 20 Largest Banks Globally 1 ICBC 2 China Construction Bank 3 HSBC Market Capitalization $ billions (1) 221 189 183 4 Wells Fargo 5 JP Morgan 6 Agricultural Bank of China 7 Bank of China 121 137 155 172 8 Bank of America 9 Citigroup 10 Commonwealth Bank of Australia 104 103 100 11 RBC 12 Westpac Banking 13 Banco Santander Central Hisp 14 TD 15 BNP Paribus 16 Aus. and Nz. Banking Group 17 Mitsubishi UFJ Financial 18 Itau Unibanco 19 Scotiabank 20 Sberbank 84 80 77 75 68 68 65 65 65 62 0 50 100 150 200 250 Well-positioned competitively (1) Source: Bloomberg, November 27, 2012. 15

Global Funding Strategy SECTION 3 Investor Relations Strong deposit growth leveraging strength of distribution Canadian Deposits Gaining Canadian market share Average Balances, in Billion CAD 17 0 15 0 13 0 110 90 70 50 30 Total Cdn Personal Deposits 10.3% CAGR Leveraging our WM 10.1% CAGR Total Cdn Business Deposits Jan '07 Sept '07 May'08 Jan'09 Sep '09 May'10 Jan '11 Sep '11 May'12 Initiated successful strategies to grow relationship deposit base: Between Sept 2010 to Sept 2012, our share of the Canadian personal deposit market has grown from 18.8% to 19.6% Leveraging our Wealth Management network; the largest amongst Canadian peers Canadian relationship business deposits continue to grow at faster pace than the market Enterprise Deposits Oct 2010 Oct 2012 HISA (1) $ 18b $ 24b Advisory Channel Deposits* $ 13b $ 28b Other Personal Deposits $ 131b $128b Business Deposits $ 131b $149b Total Deposits $293Bn $329Bn *Advisory Channel deposits are sourced largely from our own Wealth Management network and have been the focus of targeted strategies and product development to increase our share of this product. International deposit initiatives Acquired the remaining 50% of RBC Dexia deposits retail bank operates as a deposit gatherer Supporting deposit growth in Channel Islands and other offshore wealth management centres (1) High Interest Savings Account; Includes CAD and USD deposits 17

RBC funding strategy Large retail deposit base complemented by well diversified wholesale funding mix Strong deposit base Reduced reliance on wholesale funding due to retail deposit growth Shifted funding mix to self-funded securitization sources such as CMB, MBS, Golden securitization and covered bonds for greater diversification and cost effectiveness Diversified wholesale funding Well diversified across products, currencies, investor segments and geographic regions Well balanced maturity profile that is reflective of the maturity profile of our asset base Raise majority of funding in international markets to preserve a significant amount of domestic capacity which can be tapped during stressed market conditions Maintain regular issuance in all major markets to promote investor engagement and secondary market liquidity Well Diversified by Geography (1) (October 31, 2012) $25,000 Well Balanced Maturity Profile (1) (October 31, 2012) $20,000 Europe and Asia 36% 15% 49% $15,000 $10,000 $5,000 $0 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 and after (1) RBC term unsecured and covered bonds. 18 Global funding platform Well established in all major debt markets - registered shelf (US$25 billion) - registered covered bond shelf (US$12 billion) - EMTN program (US$40 billion), - Covered bond program ( 15 billion) - Canadian shelf (C$15 billion), - Securitizations (Cdn mortgage bonds, NHA MBS(1) and credit cards) - Samurai and Uridashi debt program ( 1 trillion) Recent deals in 2012 Well Diversified by Product (October 31, 2012) 1% 7% 3% CMB Canadian Deposit Notes 24% 8% MTN Yankee CD & 3a2 11% 12% 18% Covered Bond IMP P Golden Credit Cards 15% EMTN Samurai - US$1 billion 3-year senior unsecured issued Oct 12 at Libor+28bps - C$1.75 billion 5-year senior unsecured issued Sep 12 at Libor+56bps equivalent - US$1.2 billion 3-year and 5-year credit card securitization issued Sep 12 at Libor+33bps / 1m Libor+48bps - C$1.0 billion 7-year senior unsecured issued May 12 at Libor+64bps equivalent - C$1.5 billion 5-year senior unsecured issued Apr 12 at Libor+60bps equivalent Globally active covered bond program using uninsured mortgages - Launched in 2007 - C$11.9 billion equivalent is currently outstanding (EUR, CAD, USD and CHF) - Only 4.2% of RBC s covered pool (% of notional exposure) consists of Vancouver and Toronto condos as at April 30, 2012 (includes Toronto, Vancouver and surrounding municipalities of both cities) - Issued inaugural SEC registered covered bond in Sep 12. US$2.5 billion 5-year at Libor+35. 19 (1) National Housing Act Mortgage Backed Securities

Appendix SECTION 4 Investor Relations RBC Covered Bond Program Update Canadian Legislative Changes New Canadian legislation introduced that will protect covered bond investors from claims on collateral from depositors and unsecured debt holders Only uninsured residential mortgages will be permitted as collateral Registration The SEC approved in September 2012 the registration of our covered bonds program Cover Pool Asset Percentage In June 2012, we lowered the maximum asset percentage from 97% to 93%; we currently operate at 91.1% RBC is the first bank to have its covered bonds program meet SEC registration requirements 21

RBC obligation backed by an irrevocable guarantee RBC Covered Bond Structure RBC Seller Assets and Related Security Consideration Inter-company Loan Guarantor Repayment of Inter-company Loan Interest Rate Swap Provider Covered Bond Swap Provider Covered Bond Proceeds RBC Issuer Covered Bonds Covered Bondholders Bond Trustee Trust Deed and General Security Agreement 22 Legislation and policies promoting a healthy housing market OSFI, our regulator and CMHC, the Canadian Housing Insurance Company of the Department of Finance has implemented various measures over the past few years to reduce risk in s housing market July 2012: Maximum amortization on government-backed insured mortgages reduced to 25 years from 30 years Maximum amount that can be borrowed on a mortgage refinancing lowered to 80% from 85% Limited the availability of CMHC insurance to homes with a purchase price of less than $1 million from $3.5 million Set the borrower s maximum gross debt service ratio at 39% and maximum total debt service ratio at 44% March 2011: Maximum amortization on government-backed insured mortgages reduced to 30 years from 35 years Maximum amount that can be borrowed on a mortgage refinancing lowered to 85% from 90% February 2010: Borrowers must meet the standards for a five-year fixed rate mortgage Maximum amount that can be borrowed on a mortgage refinancing lowered to 90% from 95% Minimum down payment of 20% is required in order to qualify for government-backed mortgage insurance on nonowner-occupied properties July 2008: Maximum amortization on government-backed insured mortgages reduced to 35 years from 40 years A minimum 5% down payment is required in order to qualify for government-backed insured mortgages Additional minimum credit score requirements, new loan documentation standards, setting a maximum of 45% on borrowers total debt service ratio 23