CPI Detailed Report. For December 1977 Consumer Price Index: U.S. City Average and Selected Areas. Price movements 1

CPI Detailed Report For Consumer Price Index: U.S. City Average and Selected Areas Contents U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Ray Marshall, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Julius Shiskin, Commissioner OFFICE OF PRICES AND LIVING CONDITIONS W. John Layng, Assistant Commissioner The CPI Detailed Report is a monthly report on consumer price movements including statistical tables and technical notes. This publication may be ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 242. Subscription price per year: $9., domestic $11., foreign $5, single copy Material in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission of the Federal Government. Please credit the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Library of Congress Catalog number 74-64719 February Price movements 1 Page Announcement to users of the Consumer Price Index 8 Chart 1. index and rates of change, 1967-77 12 Chart 2. Commodities less food index and rates of change, 1967-77 13 Chart 3. Total food index and rates of change, 1967-77 14 Chart 4. Services index and rates of change, 1967-77 15 Table 1. CPI U.S. city average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class 16 Table 1-A. CPI U.S977 annual average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class 17 Table 2. CPI seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class 18 Table 3. CPI food items, U.S. city average 19 Table 3-A. CPI food items, U.S977 annual average 21 Table 4. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average 23 Table 4-A. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S. annual average 27 Table 5. CPI selected areas, all items index 31 Table 6. CPI areas priced monthly, by expenditure class, percent change from November to 31 Table 7. CPI selected areas, by expenditure class 32 Table 7-A. CPI selected areas, annual average, by expenditure class 34 Table 8. CPI food groups, selected areas 36 Table 9. CPI gasoline indexes, U.S. city average and selected areas 37 Table 1. CPI gasoline average prices, U.S. city average and selected areas 37 Table 11. CPI by population size 38 Table 11-A. CPI by population size, annual average 39 Table 12. CPI by region 4 Table 12-A. CPI by region, annual average 41 Appendix: Technical notes 43

NOTE: Effective with release of the CPI for January 1978, on February 27, the Bureau of Labor Statistics will introduce a new CPI for All Urban Consumers and an updated version of the current CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers. See p. 8 for further details. Publication of the CPI Detailed Report for January may be delayed because of the substantial increase in the size of the publication. Price Movements The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose percent in before seasonal adjustment to 18 percent of its 1967 base. The CPI was 6 percent higher than in. Seasonally adjusted changes On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI rose percent in. This compares with increases of percent in November and percent in August, September, and October. prices increased percent in, less than the percent rise in November and about the same as increases during the late summer and early fall months. Prices of other commodities rose percent in, the same as in November and more than the average monthly increase of percent in the June through October period. Charges for services also rose percent in, the fifth consecutive month of moderate increase (Table A). The index for food purchased in grocery stores increased.1 percent in, compared with,7 percent in November. In, egg prices declined 12 percent, poultry prices turned down, and prices for dairy products, fats and oil products, and coffee continued to move down. Fresh vegetable prices, however, turned up in and prices of processed fruits and vegetables increased more than in recent months. Beef prices rose for the fourth consecutive month. Prices for pork and cereal and bakery products also increased. The index for food away from home restaurant meals and snacks increased percent in, slightly more than in recent months. The index for commodities other than food rose percent in. Almost one-third of this increase Table A. Percent changes in CPI and components, selected periods Changes in all items Month AH items Changes from preceding month Commodities less food Services Compound annual rate from 3 months ago From 12 months ago Seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Unadjusted Unadjusted Unadjusted Unadjusted Unadjusted :..1 4 4 : January... February.. March April May June July August... September. October... November.. 1. 1. 2 1 1. - -.1 2. 1.1.1.1.1.1 9.1 1. 9 8 8.1 6 5 4 3 4 4 5 6. 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

was due to higher prices for new cars and household durables such as furniture and floor coverings. The index for household durables rose percent in, compared with an average monthly increase of percent in the first 11 months of. The new car index rose 1 percent in, the same as in November. Prices of 1978 model cars continued to be phased into the CPI. After seasonal adjustment, the used car index rose percent in, following an increase of.1 percent in November and sharp declines from April through October. Prices for apparel and gasoline also rose in, but less than in November. Fuel oil and tobacco prices declined.1 percent. Among major categories in the service component, the index for medical care services rose percent in after seasonal adjustment. This was more than the percent rise in November and about the same as most monthly increases in the second half of. Hospital service charges increased more in than in recent months. The annual adjustment, made this month, to the health insurance component for retained earnings showed a decline. Continuing the moderate uptrend of recent months, indexes for transportation and household services other than rent rose percent in. In the latter category, charges for gas and electricity declined for the second consecutive month percent in and Table B. Changes in the Consumer and Wholesale (Producer) Price Indexes, 1975-77 * Index 1975 to to March Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted, for 3 months ended- June March June September September CONSUMER PRICE INDEX Commodities less food Services less food and energy items 2 Commodities less food and energy items Services less energy Energy 4 5.1 7 5 6 6 6 8. 4 7 6 4 7 7 3-5 4. 1 8. 5 1-5 6 5 6 5 5 6 1 5 1 5 7 6 5 6 1 4 5 5.1 4 4 4. 13.1 1. 14 7 9 8 7 9 7 8.1 12 4 9 7.1 4.1 9 9 4 1 2 7 4 2 6 6 4 3 5 4 5 5. 5 4 WHOLESALE (PRODUCER) PRICE INDEX By stage of Processing Finished goods Consumer foods Finished goods excluding foods foods Consumer finished goods excluding foods Producer finished goods 3-2 5 4 6 6 6 6 7 - -13 4 3.1 7 6 13 3 3 4-13 6 7 4 7 8 6 5 9 8 12 7 8 5 8 13 6 6 1-7 5 5. 5 7 9 6 4 11 Intermediate materials, supplies, and components Intermediate materials for food manufacturing Intermediate materials excluding foods and feeds 6-7 6 5 5 6 6-4 6. 5 15 3 6-27 8 6-8. 7 9 25 8. 4 28 4 3-33 7 5 17 5 Crude materials for further processing Crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs. Crude nonfood materials 3-3 15 3 1 6-4 -12. 9 22 21. 24-13 -25. 6 12 6 22 26 26 26-1 -12.1-8 -19-27 -6 26 3 2 Data for January-June at the manufacturing level (WPI) have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents. For this reason, some figures in this issue may differ from those previously reported. Energy items in the CPI include gasoline, motor oil, fuel oil, coal, natural gas, and electricity, Does not include manufactured animal feeds,

percent in November. The rent index also increased percent in, compared with percent in November. Monthly changes in detail (not seasonally adjusted) The index for food purchased in grocery stores increased percent in before seasonal adjustment. Prices rose for beef, fresh vegetables, frozen orange juice, sugar, chocolate bars, and cereal and bakery products. These increases were partially offset by lower prices for pork, poultry, eggs, margarine, and coffee. The index for food away from home also rose percent in. The index for commodities other than food rose percent before seasonal adjustment. There were large increases for new cars, textile housefurnishings, and reading materials. Prices also rose for fuel oil, housekeeping supplies, houses, and most household durable goods. On the other hand, prices declined for apparel, used cars, tires, and recreational goods. The services index increased percent before seasonal adjustment in. The rent index rose percent, and the indexes for household services other than rent, transportation services, and medical care services all increased percent in. Annual changes For the 12 months ended in, the CPI rose 6,8 percent compared with increases of 4 percent in and 7. percent in 1975. The acceleration in was due primarily to changes in food prices, particularly in the first half of the year. The food index rose 8. percent in following an increase of percent in. The index for commodities other than food rose 4 percent for the 12 months ended in and the services index rose 7 percent both about the same as in (Table B). Table C. Changes in food prices, 1975-77 Commodity Index 1975 to Decem ber to ber March Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted except as noted, for 3 months ended June Septem ber March June Septem- Consumer foods * Beef and veal Pork Poultry Cereal and bakery products Dairy products Fresh fruits and vegetables Processed fruits and vegetables Eggs Sugar and sweets Coffee, ground * Fats and oil products CPI WPI CPI WPI CP! WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI * WPI -2-8. -14-2 -14-14 -15-1 -3 3-2 5-8 -3. 4 9 11.1-6 -14 57 8-4 -3.1 8. 6 4 7 9 8 6 7. 5 7 3 6 9-2 9 1-23.1-22.1 13 5. 47 27 1 1-5 -13-28. -62.1-18 -15-19 -28.1-5. 2 5-1 -14. -26-2 - -28-6 18 12 211-21 -24 6 13 5-1 12.1 37 7 1 7 7 7 11-14.1-58 -4 3.1 38 122 1-9 77. 132-1.1 6 1-13 -18.1-9 -33-61 -34.1-4 1-12 11 2.1 34 156 7-3 -2-6 -5 8. 45 1 2 8 14.1 57-34 19-8 3.1-9 -9-8 -1 25-1 -5 6 7 22-21 72 18 15 6 14 12-8.1-34.1 3-2 56 35 2 9-1. 63 17.1 5 26 9-35.1 23 26 151. 244.1 7 27. 12 13 11-1 17 43-1 38 9 9 15. 28. -33-69 17 5-35 -16 39 196 55 34 85 1-7 -1 22-1 -43-13 -31.1 8 Q 6-2 1 87 6 6-7 -15 1-7 -17-29 11-37 3 9 3 71 1 75 3 1 1 14-6 2.1 31.1-23 1 5-46 -19.1-5 3. -22-35.1-18 1 Not seasonally adjusted Includes items not listed. Sugar and confectionery in WPI. Vegetable oil and products in WPI.

. After declining in, prices of nearly all types of food rose in. Much of the increase occurred during the first half of the year when food supplies were reduced by the unusually cold weather and coffee prices advanced sharply as they continued to reflect the 1975 damage to the Brazilian crop. During the summer and fall, however, food prices at the processors' level declined and prices nearly stabilized at the retail level as supplies of most foods became plentiful and coffee prices turned down because of reduced consumption. Late in the year, prices at the processors' level turned up again and increases at the retail level became larger. The upward movement reflected higher prices at the farm level primarily because export demand for grains strengthened and meat supplies decreased (Table C). As in, coffee prices recorded the sharpest advance of major food items in the CPI. The rise of 47 percent for accounted for nearly one-fourth of the rise in the CPI food index. At the processors' level, coffee prices rose 27 percent, one-third as much as in. After increasing during, the rise in coffee prices accelerated sharply early in. High prices, however, led to a sharp cutback in coffee consumption and prices for green coffee began to move down in the second quarter. Consequently, roasters reduced their prices and retail prices turned down after midyear. Retail prices for pork, poultry, and beef turned up in after declining sharply in. Pork prices advanced rapidly in the first two quarters of as the cold winter and disease caused heavy losses among pigs and young hogs. Except for increases late in the year (because of reduced farrowings last spring when the weather was cold), hog and pork prices fell during the second half of the year. Following sharp advances early in the year, poultry prices moved down during the rest t)f the year. Most of the rise in cattle and beef prices, however, occurred late in the year; the downward trend earlier reflected heavy marketings of both grain-fed and grass-fed cattle. Reduced forage supplies, caused by the severe winter and by drought conditions and below-normal hay crop during the summer, had contributed to a high level of cow slaughter. Fed beef supplies were large during most of the year as cattle liquidation continued for the third year. The consequent short supplies of heavy-finished cattle caused much of the rise in cattle and beef prices in the late fall and led to the marketing of lighter-weight cattle with a minimum amount of finish. Beef production, therefore, was down. Prices of sugar and sweets turned up in at both the retail and manufacturers' levels, with a 13-percent advance in the CPI and a 5. percent rise in the primary market. These increases contrasted with the sharp price reductions recorded during the previous 2 years, when buyers reacted against the sugar price surge of 1974. The turnaround in was due in part to a new price stabilization program accepted by major sugar-producing and sugar-consuming nations. Increases in tariffs and fees on imported sugar also raised prices on sugar-related products. Cereal and bakery products also recorded higher prices during after declining in. Strong export demand for rice coupled with a smaller domestic crop caused rice prices to climb in. Bread prices were fairly stable over the year while flour prices declined because of the drop in wheat prices. Weather was a key factor for the increase in retail prices for fresh fruits and vegetables in. The Florida freeze early in the year combined with poor growing conditions in Texas caused prices in the first quarter to rise substantially. Supplies of most vegetables were ample during the rest of the year despite the prolonged drought in California, the leading vegetable-producing State. Largely because of the freeze, Florida orange crops were down 23 percent from the record crop and the pack of frozen concentrated orange juice was substantially below the previous year. The small supply and strong demand resulted in a price rise of 46 percent for orange concentrates. Orange prices rose 27 percent and fresh orange juice prices 22 percent in. Retail prices for dairy products increased 3 percent in, about the same as in. A substantial increase in the support price for manufacturing grade milk in late March accounted for much of the rise in prices of dairy products. Reflecting large milk supplies and decreased demand, prices of most dairy products moved down during the second half of the year. Egg prices declined in after increasing in. In the first half of, unusual weather and heavy culling of old layers affected egg production. As the weather improved, output picked up and expanded beyond the level by fall. Among other products related to agriculture, the grains index at the farm level was down 7 percent, compared with decreases of 12.1 percent in and 25 percent in 1975. Unusually cold, dry weather early in and fears of curtailed grain output led to higher prices. However, ample spring rainfall in most domestic producing areas prompted expectations of record or near-record crops. Prospects for grain harvests in the rest of the world were also optimistic. As a result prices dropped dramatically in the second and third quarters and the grains index stood nearly one-third lower than the level. In the autumn, prices rallied for American grain when production in the Soviet Union and other nations fell below expectations. Administration policies calling for a cutback in wheat acreage in 1978, excessive rainfall that reduced some harvests, and the dissatisfaction of many farmers with prevailing grain prices also contributed to increased prices at year's end. Consumer goods other than foods. Price increases for consumer finished goods other than food accelerated early in. The first quarter rise at the retail level was the

sharpest since early 1975 and at the manufacturers' level the fastest since the third quarter of 1975. Price increases slowed during the spring and summer months but picked up again in autumn. Although prices at both retail and manufacturers' levels moved in the same direction, increases were larger at the manufacturers' level throughout the year. For the year ended in, therefore, prices at the manufacturers' level rose percent compared with 4 percent at retail. The magnitude of price change at the two levels depends on prevailing demand-supply conditions (table D). Prices of some consumer goods such as new cars, gasoline, fuel oil, and tobacco products increased more in than in at both the retail and manufacturers' level. The rise in the new car indexes reflected higher costs for steel and labor, as well as relatively strong demand during most of the year. Declines in the value of the dollar in world money markets also contributed to the rise in prices of imported cars. During the first quarter of, heating oil prices rose sharply after members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) increased crude oil postings on January 1. Supply problems and increased demand associated with the cold weather also contributed to the rapid first quarter advance. Later in the year, heating oil prices advanced at much slower rates as crude oil inventories and production of heating oil increased. In contrast, gasoline price increases slowed during the first quarter and accelerated during the second. Gasoline stocks were ample early in the year, partly because adverse weather conditions curtailed driving. In the second quarter, refiners continued to pass through OPEC's January increases in crude oil prices. Prices for gasoline weakened during the summer and early fall as stocks increased, but rose again late in the year. In, prices for tobacco products rose 5 percent at retail and 1 percent at the manufacturers'level. Most of these increases occurred in the second half of the year, mainly because of rising costs for leaf tobacco. Retail prices of many consumer goods rose at relatively moderate rates in. A slowdown in demand from spring through early fall, competition from imports, and excessive inventories contributed to the moderate rise. Apparel and furniture prices rose about the same as in, and prices for footwear and appliances both increased less than in. After rising 7 percent in, tire prices declined percent, and used car prices declined 4.1 percent corn- Table D. Changes in prices of consumer goods other than food, 1975-77 Commodity Index 1975 to to March Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted, for 3 months ended June March June September September Commodities less food... Nondurabies Apparel less footwear Footwear Gasoline 3 Heating oil Durables 2 New cars Furniture Appliances; including radio and TV CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI CPI WPI 5.1 4 4 5 3 5 5 8 2 5 6 4. 3 4 5 3 6. 3 1 4 4 6 3 4 4. 5.1 4 1 12 4 7 6 3 4 2.1 1.1 4. 3.1 1 2 3 7 5 11-13 -15-1 -9 7 4. 4 3 3 5 5 2 5 3 5. 3 4 6 11. 7-2 7-4 6 3.1 1 3 6 4 3 5 7 6. 9.1 6 3 6 8 1 21 11 17 5. 5.1 6 7 1 1 1. 5 5 5 6 1 4 3 4 9 23. 8 14.1 6. 3 6 5 7 5 1. -2. 7 8 5 1. 4 1 5 6. 2 3 28.1 25 1 7. 4.1 4 2 4 2 2 4 6 5 6 4 2 4 5.1 4 6 1 9 2 6 4. 7 4 7 3 3 2 5. 4 4 2.1 2 2.1 4.1 2-6. 7 1. 1. 5.1 5 8 3 3 1-5 4 5.1 3 3 3. 4 5. 1 22.1-3 6 5 15 5 5 4 1. -1 1 Data for January-June at the manufacturing level (WPI) have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents. For this reason, some figures in this issue may differ from those previously reported. Includes items not shown separately. CPI includes motor oil. CPI includes coat.

pared with an increase of 19 percent in. Even though prices increased more for most consumer goods at the manufacturers' level than at the retail level, these increases were smaller in than in. Among factors which contributed to the rise in prices of finished goods at the manufacturers' level were increases in labor costs as well as higher prices for fuels and other materials. Unit labor costs in the nonfarm business sector rose 6 percent from the third quarter of to the third quarter of ; they had risen 5 percent in the preceding year. The index for industrial materials at the intermediate stage of processing which includes commodities that have been processed but require further processing before they are ready for the final user rose 6 percent in, about the same as in. Services. The services index rose 7 percent in, about the same as in. Rent rose 6 percent and charges for household services other than rent 8 percent in, both more than in. The increase of 9. percent for medical care services in was almost as large as in while the increase of 6 percent in transportation services was less than in (table E). Among household services, mortgage interest rates rose slightly in after declining in and 1975. Early in, rates fell because of high inflows and slack demand at savings and loan institutions, consumer uneasiness over the general economic outlook, high prices for new homes already constructed, and delays in home construction from cold weather. However, as the number of housing starts improved, saving inflows did not keep pace with the demand for mortgage funds and rates rose sharply in June and July. Through the later part of, rates held nearly steady as saving inflows declined and the demand for mortgage funds was weak in many metropolitan areas. Property taxes rose 11 percent in, three times as much as in. Many localities, faced with rising costs for nearly all services provided, raised property taxes and assessed housing units more frequently. Natural gas charges rose 12 percent in slightly less than in but still substantial. The sharpest increases occurred during the first half year when the Federal Government restructured the rate scheme on natural gas sold in interstate commerce to induce producers to sell in other States, rather than hold the gas in reserve or sell in the unregulated intrastate market. The rate of increase in gas prices slowed during the second half of the year as the Congress continued to work on the final aspects of the Administration's energy bill. The electricity index increased 4 percent in, less than in. The rent index rose 6 percent in, the largest increase in the 197's. To some extent, these increases represented the pass-through of higher winter fuel costs, rising property insurance and taxes, and attempts to earn a larger return on investment. In addition, many localities had enacted rent control restrictions early in the 197's. In, many controls were modified to permit larger and more frequent rental increases, despite pressures by renters to maintain controls. The slowdown in the transportation services sector was primarily caused by smaller increases in for automobile insurance rates. Through 1975 and, insurance corn- Table E. Changes in prices of consumer services, 1975-77 Service 1975 to to March Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted except as noted, for 3 months ended June March June September September Services Rent Household less rent l Mortgage interest rates... Housekeeping and home maintenance Gas and electricity Medical care Auto insurance Public transportation Other services Personal care Recreational 7 5 6. -4 8 12 1 1 22 4 6 8 5. 7 6 8 1 6 8 9. 6 7 4 6 7 3 1 8 7 13 7 13. 2 55. 9.1 7 1 5 6 5 6-2 8 12 8 7. 8 5 5 6 5 7 5 6-6. 8 12 8 1 18 4 6 1 4 5.1 5 2. -16 5.1 17 13 6 12. 5 6 4.1 9 6 12 9 7 1 9 8 11 9.1 6 5 4 9 6 1 8 8 12.1 1. 11.1 13 8 5 7 2 7 7. 8-1.1 6 13 8 5 8-1 6 6 5 4 6 4.1-8 5. - 7 2-2 1.1 5 9.1 1 Includes items not shown separately. Not seasonally adjusted.

panies had been granted frequent and sizable rate increases to cover higher accident claims resulting from higher medical care costs, higher repair bills, and higher administrative expenses. In, the financial status of some insurance companies improved and they were able to reduce insurance premiums through refunds and dividends. Auto repair and maintenance charges increased 8 percent in, slightly more than in. In the public transportation sector, local transit fares rose less in than in ; bus and airplane fares were about the same; and taxicab and railroad fares increased. Railroad rates were increased substantially to help cover AMTRAK's large losses. During the first three quarters of charges for medical care services rose at a relatively steady rate about 9 percent at an annual rate but moderated somewhat in the fourth quarter. Hospital service charges rose 1 percent in, slightly less than in. Early in the year, the Administration sought to limit the increase in hospital revenue to 9 percent so as to restrict hospital costs and expenditures. In addition, many hospitals increased costcontrol efforts by limiting new construction projects, cutting equipment procurement, and adopting new, more efficient administrative procedures. Physicians' fees rose 8 percent in, also slightly less than in. Prices of other consumer services including apparel, recreational, and personal care services increased at about the same rate in as in. Early in the year, an amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act had an impact on prices in this sector as the minimum hourly wage for some employees was increased from $2. to $2. In addition, rising utilities charges and higher material prices put cost pressures on many drycleaning stores, beauty shops, and indoor recreational facilities.

Announcement to Users of the Consumer Price Index The Bureau of Labor Statistics will begin publishing the revised Consumer Price Index (CPI) with the release of the January 1978 index, now scheduled for February 27. At that time the Bureau will publish three Consumer Price Indexes: (1) A new CPI for All Urban Consumers; (2) a revised CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers; and (3) the present unrevised CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers. The present unrevised CPI will be discontinued after the June 1978 index is published. The new CPI and the revised CPI will continue into the future. The CPI for All Urban Consumers will include, in addition to wage earners and clerical workers, groups which historically have been excluded from CPI coverage salaried workers, the self-employed, the retirees, and the unemployed. This index will cover approximately 8 percent of the total noninstitutional civilian population of the United States. The revised CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers represents about one-half of the population covered by the CPI for All Urban Consumers. (Neither index will include persons in the military services or in institutions, or persons living outside urban areas such as farm families.) Parties that use the CPI in escalation or in other contractual agreements may have a choice of adapting their existing contracts to either the new CPI for All Urban Consumers or to the revised CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers. BLS will publish the present unrevised CPI for 6 months after the introduction of the new series so that those who have difficulty making the transition quickly to the revised CPI or to the new CPI will have some extra time. The unrevised index will not be available after publication of the June 1978 index. Both the revised CPI and the new CPI will be linked to the present series. For the national index and for the five areas for which indexes are published monthly, this will be accomplished by linking each of the indexes to the unrevised CPI as of. The index will be the same for the revised CPI, the new CPI, and the unrevised CPI. Each index will move upward or downward from that level in accordance with subsequent changes in prices. Indexes for other areas will be linked in accordance with the schedule shown in table B. The base period for the revised and the new CPI will be 1967=1, the same as for the unrevised index. Area indexes. The number of CPI's for local areas will be expanded from the present level of 24 to 28. The four additional indexes will cover Miami, Florida; Portland Oregon; Scranton, Pennsylvania; and Denver, Colorado. The U.S. index and those for the five largest cities will continue to be published monthly. Indexes for all other areas will be published bi-monthly instead of quarterly as at present. (See schedule on p. 9.) Regional indexes. Regional CPI's cross-classified by population size will be introduced. These indexes will enable users in local areas for which an index is not published to get a better approximation of the CPI for their area by using the appropriate population-size class measure for their region. The ability to produce this information results from a major expansion in the number of areas in which price data are collected for the CPI to 85 from 56 areas in the unrevised index. The sample for the unrevised index was based on the 196 Census of Population. The new 85-area design is a probability sample of urban areas based on the 197 Census of Population. The cross-classified indexes, as well as indexes by regions only and population-size only, will be published bi-monthly. Source of data. Improvements were made in obtaining the updated 1972-73 consumption weights for the CPI through changes in sample design and collection methods. Substantial improvements were also made in the method of selecting retail stores in which price data are collected for the CPI. The selection of retail stores was based, for the most part, on the results of a household survey referred to as Point-of-Purchase Survey in which families across the country were asked for information on the store names and location and the amount they spent in retail stores for many different categories of goods and services. Data provided from this household survey have been used to develop a consistent, objective, and scientifically-based sample of retail stores and service establishments for the CPI. In addition, a major change in the process of product selection for pricing within stores was introduced. At present, the data collector selects items which conform to detailed specifications prepared by BLS, which are basically the same for every store across the country. Under the new procedure, the selection of each item is keyed to the sales experience of the store in which it is priced. The collector will work from a list of fairly general categories in selecting the item to be priced. The new procedure gives each variety, brand, size, etc., chance of selection proportional to its importance in total sales for the general category in the particular store. Once selected, the same item will continue to be priced. As a result, a considerably larger range of goods and services will be priced, giving a better representation of the varieties that exist in the market place. Timeliness of data. items in the CPI now priced in the first week of each month will be priced during the entire month for the new series. This change will put the food component on the same basis as other components of the CPI. The collection of prices of other items will be spread more evenly over the month and prices now obtained on a.

quarterly cycle will be shifted to a bi-monthly cycle. Consequently, the CPI will be more representative of the month as a whole, and price changes will be reflected more quickly. Presentation of data. The current CPI is discussed primarily in terms of food, other commodities, and services. Starting with the January 1978 data, the emphasis in the text will shift to the major categories of consumption as viewed by most American families for example, housing, transportation, etc. rather than nondurables or durable goods. Within each household budget category, however, information will be provided separately for commodities and services, a distinction which is often important to economic analysis. The sample of the new table 1 on pp-11 shows the categories which will be used as a basis for discussion of the CPI each month. Publication schedule for area indexes: New Series CPI Monthly Pivot month First published index Chicago, III. Northwestern Ind... Detroit, Mich L.A. Long Beach, Anaheim, Calif. N.Y., N.Y.-Northeastern NJ Philadelphia, Pa.-NJ January 1978 January, March, May, July, September, November Miami, Fla 2 Milwaukee, Wis Northeast Pa. (Scranton) San Diego, Calif Seattle-Everett, Wash Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va. November January 1978 Anchorage, Alaska... Boston, Mass Denver-Boulder, Colo. Portland, Ore.-Wash. Baltimore, Md Cincinnati, Ohio Ky. Ind St. Louis, Mo. Ill January 1978 March 1978 March 1978 May 1978 February, April, June, August, October, Atlanta, Ga Honolulu, Hawaii Kansas City, Mo.-Kan San Francisco Oakland, Calif Buffalo, N.Y Cleveland, Ohio Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas Houston, Texas Minneapolis St. Paul, Minn. Wis Pittsburgh, Pa February 1978 April 1978 February 1978 April 1978 June 1978 Pivot month: The month in which the indexes for the old series and the new series are set at the same level; each index will move upward or downward from that level in accordance with subsequent changes in prices. Miami base period November ; no index in the old series for Miami. Anchorage base period October 1967. NOTE: Area indexes for the unrevised series both for monthly and quarterly areas will be terminated with publication of the June 1978 index. The change from quarterly to bimonthly publication schedules for local area indexes in the revised CPI may present problems for some users of the CPI. The Bureau is prepared to provide, upon request, estimates of revised local area indexes for those months covered under the previous quarterly publication schedule but not under the new bimonthly schedule.

Table 1. Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers: U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group Group Relative importance Unadjusted indexes 1967=1 unless otherwise noted Unadjusted percent change to from Seasonally adjusted percent change from previous month Expenditure category (1957-59=1) and beverages at home Cereals and bakery products... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs... Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Sugar and sweets Fats and oils Nonalcoholic beverages Other prepared foods away from home Alcoholic beverages ' Shelter Rent, residential Other rental costs Homeownership Home purchase Financing, taxes, and insurance Maintenance and repairs Services Commodities Fuel and other utilities Fuels Fuel oil, coal, and bottled gas. Gas (piped) and electricity... Other utilities and public services. Household furnishings and operation Housefurnishings' Housekeeping supplies Housekeeping services Apparel commodities Men's and boys' apparel Women's and girls' apparel Infants' and toddlers' apparel.... Footwear Other apparel commodities Apparel services Private transportation New cars Used cars Gasoline Maintenance and repair Other private transportation Commodities Services Public transportation Medical care Medical care commodities Medical care services Professional services Other medical care services Entertainment Entertainment commodities Entertainment services Other goods and services 1 Tobacco products Personal care Toilet goods and personal care... Appliances Personal care services Personal and educational expenses.. School books and supplies Personal and educational services. See footnote at end of table. 1

Table 1. Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers: U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group Continued Group Relative importance Unadjusted indexes 1967=1 unless otherwise noted Unadjusted percent change to from Seasonally adjusted percent change from previous month Commodity and service group Commodities and beverages Commodities less food and beverages Nondurabies less food and beverages Apparel commodities Nondu rabies less food, beverages, and apparel Durables Services Rent, residential Household services less rent. services Medical care services Other services Special indexes: less food less mortgage interest costs... Commodities less food Nondurables less food Nondurables less food and apparel Nondurables Services less rent Services less medical care Domestically produced farm foods Selected beef cuts Energy less energy less food and energy Commodities less food and energy. Energy commodities Services less energy Purchasing power of the consumer dollar: 1967=$1. 1957-59=$1. Includes T.V. and sound equipment, formerly found in health and recreation. Formerly included alcoholic beverages, now found in food and beverages; now includes personal care and education-related expenses, formerly found in health and recreation. 11

SEMI- 2 18 16 Chart 1. index and its rate of change, 1967-77 (1967*1) CPI PILL ITEMS INDEX (NOT SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO) 14 12 1 PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 1-MONTH SPRN (SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO) RRITH. SCRLE 8 PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 3-MONTM SPRN (RNNURL RRTE. SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO) PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 6-MONTH SPRN [RNNURL RflTE. SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO) PRITH. SCflLE 8 PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 12-MONTH SPflN 1967 1968 1969 197 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1/ Computed from the unadjusted series. UNITED ST&TES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 12

SEMI- LOG 2 Chart 2. Commodities less food index and its rate of change, 1967-77 (1967=1) 18 16 CPI COMMODITIES LESS FOOD INDEX tsersonrlly ROJUSTED) 14 12 1 PRITH. SCflLE 6 PERCENT CHflNGE OVER L-MONTH SPRN (SERSONflLLY RDJUSTEO) PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 3-I1NTH SPRN (flnnurl ROTE, SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO) DEC PRITH. SCflLE 1 1 1. -6-4 -2 - - - - 4 2-2 PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 6-MONTH SPRN (RNNURL RflTE. SERSONRLLY RDJUSTED3 DEC 3 flrith. SCflLE T 6 RRITH. SCflLE PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 1Z-MNTH SPflN 1/ 1967 1968 1969 197 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1/ Qamputed from the unadjusted series. UNITED STATES DEPAKIMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 13

Chart 3. Total food index and its rate of change967-77 (1967-1) CPI TOTflL F INDEX (SEflSONflLLY flojusted) PRITH. SCALE PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 1-MONTH SPfl (SEflSONflLLY flojusteo PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 3-MONTH SPflN (flnnufll RflTE. SEflSONflLLY fldjusted) PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 6-MONTH SPflN (flnnurl RflTE. SEflSONflLLY flojusted) PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 12-MONTH SPflN/V 1967 1968 1969 197 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1/ Computed from the unadjusted series UNITED STATES EEPAKM5NT OF IABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 14

SEMI- LOG 2 Chart 4. Services index and its rate of change, 1967-77 (1967=1) 18 16 CFI SERVICES INDEX (SEflSONfiLLY ROJUSTEO) 14 12 1 flrith. SCflLE 12 1 8 6 4 2 PERCENT CHflNGE OVER ( 1-MONTH SPfltN '( SEflSONFILLY fldjusted) PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 3-MONTH SPflN (PINNUflL RRTE. SEflSONflLLY flojusteoj flrith- SCflLE 1.1 1. -7-6 -5-3 -2.1 - -1 PERCENT (flnnufll CHflNSE OVER 6-MONTH SPflN SEflSONflLLY flojusteoj RRITH. SCRLE 1 flrith. SCflLE 8 1967 1968 1969 197 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1/ Computed fran the unadjusted series UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 15

Table 1. CPI U.S. city average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*1) Group or class (1957-59=1) Commodities at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other foods at home away from home Commodities less food Nondurables less food Apparel commodities Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear, Other apparel commodities Nondurables less food and apparel... Gasoline and motor oil Tobacco products Alcoholic beverages Fuel oil and coal Other nondurables, Durable commodities Household durables New automobiles Used automobiles Other durables Services Rent Services less rent Household services less rent services Medical care services Other services Special indexes: less food Nondurable commodities Apparel commodities less footwear Services less medical care services Insurance and finance Utilities and public transportation Housekeeping and home maintenance service Appliances (including radio and TV) Shelter 1 Rent Homeownership 2 Fuel and utilities 3 Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation. Private Public Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services Special indexes: less shelter less medical care less mortgage interest costs CPI domestically produced farm foods 4.. CPI-selected beef cuts 5 Purchasing power of consumer dollar: less food and energy 6 1967=$1. 1957-59=$1. Relative importance 1. 6268 2367 1856 237 5 241 3.19 46 51 381 2295 711 267 378 183 82 1484 326 173 217 68 1 444 19 223 729 3732 425 3 168 595 558 547 7633 4662 628 3175 964 575 43 195 1. 2367 342 2156 425 1628 514 213 732 994 13. 548 1227 121 19.13 634 254 543 482 78. 744 9366 954 1527 16 6834 Unadjusted indexes November 185 215 177 195 193. 187 181 176 188 23 25 168 17 155 158. 151 159 164 178 188 172 153 289 173 165 153 148 175. 176 199 157. 27 22 192. 223. 175 182 182 155 195 218 191 23 127 185 195 194 196 157. 211 27 219 18 158 178 178. 184. 7 177 28 175 16 162 182 184 183. 18 166 179 $,539 64 186 216 178 196 193 189. 182 176 192 228 26 168 17 155 157 15 159 164 179 188 173. 153 291 174 165 154 15 17 177 2 157 28 221 192 224 176. 183 182 154 196 22 191 231 127 186 196 195 198 157 213. 27 218 181 158 178 178. 185 178 29 176 161 162 183. 184 183 181 169. 18 $,537 62 Unadjusted percent change to fron November Commodity and service groups 6 6 8. 8. 5 7. 3 9 13 8. 4 4 3 4 2 4. 4 5 4 5 3. 1 6 4 4. 7-4 7 7 6 8 8 6 9. 6 6 6 3 7 9 6 6 2 1. 2. - - - - - 1-2 - Expenditure classes 6 8. 7 8 6 9 8 8-5 4-4 4 4 6 8 6 4 4 6 6 6 5 4 6-6 1 - September to October - - 1-1. - 1 1-2 *. 3 *. 4 *. 2 * - * *. 5 *. 5 *. 4! 1 * *. 4 *. 6 *. 3 *. 3 * *- 1 Seasonally adjusted percent change from October to November 1-1 - 1 * *. 5 *. 6 * *. 4 - *. 5 *. 7 * - - *. 5 * *. 9 * *. 5 *. 5 * 2 November to 1 Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately. s Calculated from the CPI beef and veal component by excluding veal cutlets and 2 Includes home purchase, mortgage interest, taxes, insurance, and maintenance beef liver. and repairs. 6 Energy includes gasoline, motor oil, fuel oil, coal, gas, and electricity, 3 Also includes residential telephone, fuel oil, coal, water, and sewerage services not * Not seasonally adjusted, shown separately. 4 Calculated from the CPI food at home component by excluding fish, nonalcoholic beverages, bananas, chocolate candy bars, chocolate syrup, and about half of the index NOTE: Index applies to month as a whole; not any specific date, weight for sugar. 16 1. - 2 2 - - 1 * *. 3 * * - * *. 6 *. 7 *. 7 - - - *. 3 *. 6 * *. 3 *. 3 * *. 5 2

Table 1-A. CPI U.S977 annual average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Group or class (1957-59=1) Commodities at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other foods at home away from home Commodities less food Nondurables less food Apparel commodities Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear Other apparel commodities Nondurables less food and apparel.. Gasoline and motor oil Tobacco products Alcoholic beverages Fuel oil and coal Other nondurables Durable commodities Household durables New automobiles Used automobiles Other durables Services Rent Services less rent Household services less rent services Medical care services Other services Special indexes: less food Nondurable commodities Apparef commodities less footwear Services less medical care services Insurance and finance Utilities and public transportation Housekeeping and home maintenance service Appliances (including radio and TV) Average 17 19». 3 165 18 179 18 179 169 175 189 186 156 158 145 147 141 149 153. 165 176 16 146 25 16 154 146. 135 167 161 18 144 186 198 174 197 161 167 169 144 177 196 172 21 123 Indexes (-1) Average Commodity and service groups 181 211 174-192 19 183 178 173 191 224 2 165 166 151. 6 154. 146 156 16 175 186 168 15 283 169 163 151 142 182 171 194 153 21 213 188 216 171.1 178 178 15 19 211 187 224 126. Percent change to from Average 6 6 5 6 6. 1-2 9 18. 7 5 5 4. 4 3 4 5 5 5 4 2 13. 6 5 3 5 8 7 6 7 7 8 9 6 6 5 3 7 7 8 7. 2 Expenditure classes ; Shelter 1 Rent Homeownership 2 Fuel and utilities 3 Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation... Private Public Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services Special indexes: less shelter less medical care less mortgage interest costs CPI domestically produced farm foods 4 CPI-selected beef cuts* less food and energy 6 Purchasing power of consumer dollar: 1967=$1. 1957-59=$1. 17 18 177 179. 144 191 182 r 189. 168 147 165 164 174 163 184 16 151 153 168 169 168 175 165 165 $,587 4 181 192 189 191 153 24 22 213 177. 154 177 176 182 173 22 17 157 159 179 18 179 179 164 175 $,551 74 6 6 7. 6 6 6 1 12 5. 4 7.1 7 4 6 9 6 4 3 6 6 6 2-6 - -6. 1 Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately. 2 Includes home purchase, mortgage interest, taxes, insurance, and maintenance and repairs. 3 Also includes residential telephone, fuel oil, coal, water, and sewerage services not shown separately. 4 Calculated from the CPI food at home component by excluding fish, nonalcoholic beverages, bananas, chocolate candy bars, chocolate syrup and about half of the index weight for sugar. 5 Calculated from the CPI beef and veal component by excluding veal cutlets and beef liver. 6 Energy includes gasoline, motor oil, fuel oil, coal, gas and electricity. r=revised. 17

Table 2. CPI seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers967=1) Seasonally adjusted indexes Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for Group and class September Octobi ern<ovembe r March June I 3 months ending in September 6 months ending in June J^ Commodity and service groups Commodities at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other foods at home away from home Commodities less food Nondurables less food Apparel commodities Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear Other apparel commodities Nondurables less food and apparel... Gasoline and motor oil Tobacco products Alcoholic beverages Fuel oil and coal Other nondurables 1. Durable commodities Household durables New automobiles Used automobiles Other durables 1. Services Rent Services less rent Household services less rent services Medical care services Other services Special indexes: less food 1 Nondurable commodities 1. Apparel commodities less footwear Services less medical care services l Insurance and finance Utilities and public transportation Housekeeping and home maintenance service!. Appliances (including radio and TV) 176 194 192 187 178 177 188 231 23 166 168. 152 155 146 157 162 177 187 17 151 29 172 163 152 144. 174 174 197. 7 155 25 218 r 191 22 173 18 181. 151 193 r 2l6 19 228 126 176 194 192 186 179 176 191 229 24 166 168 152 155 147 158 163 178 189 172 152. 291. 172 163 152 144 17 175. 198 156 26 218 191 222 174 181 181 151. 6 194 216. 192. 229 126 177 196 193 187 182 175 194 229 24 167 169 153 156 147 159 164 179 191 173. 153. 288 173 164 153 147. 17 176 199 157 26 219 192. 223 175 182 182 152 195 216 192 23 126 178 196 194 187 184 175. 198 224 25 168 17 153 156 147 159 164 179 192. 172 153 288 174 165 154 149 171 177 2 157 27 22 192 224 175 183 182 152 196 218 191 231 127. 1. 1 14 15 2 8-38 31 1 7 5 3 9 5 3 6 2 5 1 28 6 1 4 4 4 7 9 6 9 12 8 9 6 6 1 4 8 14 9. 7 2 8 7 12 12 9 8 15. -16 45 12 4 5 4 7. 7 4 5 5 4 1 4 1 7 2 3 4. -11 6 9 6 1 1 11 1. 5 7 8 4 7 15. 9 8 3 Expenditure classes 4 2 1. 7 8-2 6 1-2 5 2 4 2 5-2 6 4 2 9 1 7 5 1. 2 5-26 9. 7 7. 7 8 5 8 6 5 2 2 8 7 7 6 1 4 4 3 3 1 13-6 22-11 3 5 5 3 4 2 4 4 5 1 6. 4. -3 5 5 5 15-6 6 4 6 4 4 2 7 5 5. 4 3 5 2 1 5. 1. 9. 8 13 14 6. 8 6 7 38. 11 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 6 3 3 3. 19 6 6 4 4 11 6 9 6 1. 11 9 9 6 7 9 4 8 14 9 7 2 4 3 2 2 4 5-11 -7 4 3 4 2 4 3 5 5 6 7 2 2 5 3 4. 1-17 7 6 6 6 6 3 8 6 5 3 2 7 5 4 5. 8 1 1 Shelter 1. 2 Rent Homeownership l 3 Fuel and utilities 4 Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation... Private Public 1 Medical care,! Personal care 1 Reading and recreation Other goods and services Special indexes: less shelter less medical care 1 less motrgage interest costs 1 less food and energy s. CPI domestically produced farm foods! 6.. CPI selected beef cuts 7 194. 7 192 194 155 29 26 219 178 155 *177 rl77.1 183 176 26 172 159 16 181 182 181 177 179 16 194 193 195. 6 156 21. 28 221 179 155. 6 177 177 183 177 27 173 16 161 181 183 182 178 179 163 196 194 196 157 211 28. 22 179 156 178 177 184. 177 28 175 16 162 182 184 183. 179 18 167 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately. 3 Includes home purchase, mortgage interest, taxes, insurance, and maintenance and repairs. 4 Also includes residential telephone, fuel oil, coal, water, and sewerage service not shown separately. 5 Energy includes gasoline, motor oil, fuel oil, coal, gas, and electricity. 6 Calculated from the CPI food at home component by excluding fish, nonalcoholic 196 195 198 157 213. 27 219 18 156 179 178 183 178 29 176 161 162 183. 184 183 18 181 171 1. 14 8 8 6 9 12. 1 6 4 1.1 9 9.1 6 11 5 4 3 9 9.1 9 8 12-5 8 12 7 8 6 9 9 12 4 5 4 4 8 6. 8 8 2 3 8 8 8 7 2 9. 4 1 8 9 7. 1. 6 1 13 3 3 - - -1 6 9 5 5 5 3 4 4 4-11 4 3 6 7 6 7 1. - 5 3 3 3 1 5 5 8 4 4 4. 4 4 5 4 3 9. 13 8 8 6 9 1 11 5 4 7 7. 9. 6 1 6 3 3 8 8 8 7 7 1 4 2 7 8 6 9 5 6. 4 3 1 1-6 7 6 5. 5 3 4 4 4 2 7 beverages, bananas, chocolate candy bars, chocolate syrup, and about half of the index weight for sugar. 7 Calculated from the CPI beef and veal component by excluding veal cutlets and beef liver. r=revised. 18 NOTE: Index applies to month as a whole, not to any specific date.

Table 3. CPI-food items, U.S. city average (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Index Percent :hange to from Item and group November Unadjusted Seasonally adjusted Unadjusted Unadjusted Seasonally adjusted food away from home Restaurant meals Snacks at home Cereals and bakery products Flour Cracker meal Corn flakes Rice Bread, white Bread, whole wheat Cookies Layer cake Cinnamon rolls Meats, poultry, and fish... Meats Beef and veal Steak, round Steak, sirloin Steak, porterhouse.. Rump roast Rib roast Chuck roast Hamburger Beef liver Veal cutlets Pork Chops Loin roast Sausage Ham, whole Picnics Bacon Other meats Lamb chops... Frankfurters Ham, canned Bologna sausage... Salami sausage Liverwusrt Poultry Frying chicken Chicken breasts Turkey Fish Shrimp, frozen Fish, fresh or frozen... Tuna fish, canned Sardines, canned Dairy products Milk, fresh, grocery Milk, fresh, skim, Milk, evaporated, Ice cream Cheese, American process. Butter, Fruits and vegetables Fresh fruits and vegetables, Fresh fruits Apples Bananas Oranges Orange juice, fresh.., Grapefruit Grapes Strawberries Watermelon Fresh vegetables Potatoes Onions Asparagus Cabbage Carrots Celery Cucumbers Lettuce Peppers, green Spinach Tomatoes 196 26 23. 221 193 189. 134 24 184 192. 164 185 234. 22 194 182 178 168. 167 169 187 161 22 167 159. 124 196 191 177 19 224. 213. 171. 7 19 182 198 164 28 178 173 168 153 152 165 149. 262 244 299 226 278 176 163 183 223 172 29 167 192 188. 186 176 16 198 192 156 Pi Pi 189 18 167 24 187 189 141 25 148 236 26 196 25 C 1 ) 221 194 187 133 244 182 19 163 184 231 21 191 184.1 178 17 17 174 189 164 23 166 161 196 n 189 179 192 22. 198 167 188. 18 21.1 163 22. 177 171 167. 153 151 166 146 261 (!) (*) 227 275 175. 162 182 (! ) 169 26 159 198 2 21 198 172 21 (*) 177 199 23. 189 21 184 189 15 (*) 141 237 193 8. 8. 7. 13. 8. 5-8 8 11 2 1 3 22 8-7. 6 4 5 6. 7 2 7 3 1 1 8 9 11.1 13 9 11 5 7 6 9 4 7. 5 4 3 6 5 1 1 5 12. 17 8 3 1 2 6 5 4. 8 9 9 13. 5 1 27 22 6 7 7 7 8-1 4-2 3-14 11 12 1. - 2 3 1, 1 1 1 1. 1 2 1 1. - -1-3 -1-1 6-1 -2 1-4 1 1. 1. -2-3 -. 7 1. -2 1 1-1 2. 1-7 -4-4. 7 3-6 3. 4 2. 9-2 -16 14. 7-5 1 15.! i -1 3-2 1-2 - 1. 1 2 2 2 1 3. 2-2 (*) - - - 1. - 1 3 1 1-1 -3-3 - (*) M\ 1 - - - - - -2. 2 2 3. 8-2 2 (*) -2 2 5-2 -2 1-3.1 (M -15 2 See footnotes at end of table. 19

Table 3. CPI food items, U.S. city average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earner* and clerical worker*967 s 1) Index Percent change to from Item and group Unadjusted Seasonally adjusted Unadjusted Unadjusted November Seasonally adjusted Continued at home Continued Fruits and vegetables Continued Processed fruits and vegetables Fruit cocktail, canned Pears, canned Pineapple-grapefruit drink, canned. Orange juice concentrate, frozen.. Lemonade concentrate, frozen... Beets, canned Peas, green canned Tomatoes, canned Dried beans Broccoli, frozen Other food at home Eggs Fats and oils Margarine Salad dressing, Italian Salad or cooking oil Sugar and sweets Sugar Grape jelly Chocolate bar Syrup, chocolate flavored Nonalcoholic beverages Coffee Coffee, instant Tea Carbonated drink, cola flavored... Carbonated drink, fruit flavored... Prepared and partially prepared foods Bean soup, canned Chicken soup, canned Spaghetti, canned Mashed potatoes, instant Potatoes, french fried, frozen... Baby foods Sweet pickle relish Pretzels Not available. 199 187 161 193 224 188 27 159. 198 28 195 228 148 196 211 168 28 239 18 218 38 243 334 457 383 22 26. 26 18 27 155 177 163 193 192 194. 7 162 2 197 185 159 191 (! ) 188 (') 157 ( l ) 275 136 191 24 168 22 234 167 () 239 (M ft 18 27 (M 176 162 (V 192 164 Priced only in season. 9 3 3 8 46 2 8-1 7 15 19 13-23 1 11 7 12 13 1 34 13 35 47 47 29 5 3 4-1 8 6 2 6 8 4 2 1. 2 5. 1-12 - - -5 - -1 - - 1 2. 2 1. 9 5-1 - 1-1 - - 1. 1-2 1. 1 ( l ) (M (M 1 ( l ) -2-12 - -1 - - - -2.!1 Pi' () - C 1 ) - 2

Table 3-A. CPI food items, U.S977 annual average (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Indexes (1967=1) Percent change to from Item and group Average Average Average away from home Restaurant meals Snacks at home Cereals and bakery products Flour Cracker meal Corn flakes Rice Bread, white Bread, whole wheat, Cookies Layer cake Cinnamon rolls Meats, poultry, and fish Meats Beef and veal Steak, round Steak, sirloin Steak, porterhouse... Rump roast Rib roast Chuck roast Hamburger Beef liver Veal cutlets Pork Chops Loin roast Sausage Ham, whole Picnics Bacon Other meats Lamb chops... Frankfurters Ham, canned Bologna sausage... Salami sausage Liverwusrt Poultry Frying chicken Chicken breasts Turkey Fish Shrimp, frozen Fish, fresh or frozen... Tuna fish, canned Sardines, canned Dairy products Milk, fresh, grocery Milk, fresh, skim Milk, evaporated Ice cream Cheese, American process. Butter Fruits and vegetables Fresh fruits and vegetables. Fresh fruits Apples Bananas Oranges Orange juice, fresh... Grapefruit Grapes Strawberries Watermelon Fresh vegetables Potatoes Onions Asparagus Cabbage Carrots Celery Cucumbers Lettuce Peppers, green Spinach Tomatoes 18 18 185 191 *i79 18 154 223 165 198 162 178 189 185 195 179 178 164 162 163 177 1 159 188 166. 16 127 1 186 199 182 197 226 199 189. 21 178 185 166 25 176 167 168. 155 157 161 141 227 222 249 186 248 169 16 176 24 158 198 153 1 175 17 16 155 151 153 154 159 214 154. 183 178. 2.1 17 187 151 16 185 154 172 158 196 163 192 2 197 212 19 183 141 232 179 185 162 182 26 192 195 178 174 163 162 164 182 157 191 164 156 122 192 188 179 188 216 191 171 192 177 193 162 196 174 169. 165 156 158 165 139 251 244 284 211. 265 173 162 18 217 167 24 161 191 193 185. 184 164 175 172 172 255 162 22 2 23 215 225 23 2.1 29 175 172 189. 218 192 6 7 6 11.1 6. 1-8 4.1 8-6 2 9.1 4 - - -2 - - 2-1 1-1.1-2 -3 3-5 -1-4 -4-4 -9-8 - 4-2 -4 - -1 2-1.1 1 9 14 12 6 2 1. 2.1 6 5 3. 5 9 13 15. 18 8 14 11 8. 18 5 1 12 1 26 2 52 24 13. 13-19 11 17 See footnotes at end of table. 21

Table 3-A. CPI-food items, U.S977 annual average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967-1) Indexes (1967=1) Percent change to from Item and group Average Average Average Continued at home Continued Fruits and vegetables Continued Processed fruits and vegetables Fruit cocktail, canned Pears, canned Pineapple-grapefruit drink, canned. Orange juice concentrate, frozen.. Lemonade concentrate, frozen... Beets, canned Peas, green canned Tomatoes, canned Dried beans Broccoli, frozen Other food at home Eggs Fats and oils Margarine Salad dressing, Italian Salad or cooking oil Sugar and sweets Sugar Grape jelly Chocolate bar Syrup, chocolate flavored Nonalcoholic beverages Coffee Coffee, instant Tea Carbonated drink, cola flavored... Carbonated drink, fruit flavored... Prepared and partially prepared foods Bean soup, canned Chicken soup, canned Spaghetti, canned Mashed potatoes, instant Potatoes, french fried, frozen... Baby foods Sweet pickle relish Pretzels 183. 177. 157 175. 156 184 185 158 178 27 158 189 172 173 188 152 181 218 l 21 221. 233 214 214. 243 227 15 194 199 169 27 136 163 157 179 168 18 16 188 183 158 184 189. 186 199 159 195 24. 187 224 166 191 25 165 22 229 18 217. 276 236 322 451 343 18. 23 25 175 26. 149. 169 159 184 184 187 162 3 3 5 2 1 7 9-14 18 18. -3 1 9 8 11 5-1 -1 18 1 5 85 51 19 4 3. 3-9. 3 1 2 9 3 1 1 Revised. 22

Table 4. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Item and group Other index base November Indexes Percent change to from November Shelter' Rent, residential Homeownership 2 Mortgage interest rates Property taxes Property insurance premium Maintenance and repairs Maintenance and repair commodities 3 Exterior house paint Interior house paint Maintenance and repair services Repainting living and dining rooms Reshingling house roof Residing house Replacing sink Repairing furnace Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Fuel oil, No. 2 Gas and electricity Gas : Electricity Other utilities: Residential telephone services, Residential water and sewerage services Household furnishings and operation 4 Housefurnishings Textiles Sheets, full, flat Curtains, tailored Bedspreads, Drapery fabrics, Pillows, bed, Slipcovers and throws, ready-made.. Furniture and bedding, Bedroom furniture, chest and dresser Sofas, upholstered Cocktail tables, Dining room chairs Recliners, upholstered Sofas, dual purpose Bedding, mattress and box springs Aluminum folding chairs Cribs Floor coverings Broadloom carpeting Vinyl sheet goods Vinyl floor tile Appliances (excluding radio and TV) Washing machines, electric Vacuum cleaners Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, electric Ranges, free standing, gas or electric Clothes dryers, electric Air conditioners, demountable Room heaters, electric, portable Garbage disposal units Other housefurnishings: Dinnerware, fine china Flatware, stainless steel. Table lamps, with shade Lawn mowers, power, rotary type... Electric drills, hand-held Housekeeping supplies: Laundry soaps and detergents Paper napkins Toilet tissue Housekeeping services: Domestic services, general housework Baby sitter services Postal charges Laundry, flatwork, finished service Licensed day care services, preschool child Washing machine repairs Mar. 7 Dec. 71 Mar. 7 Dec. 71 June 7 194 196 157. 211 14 185 157 22 183 171 16 236 247 261 224 228. 231 27 289 286 219 25. 191 132. 219 18 158 158 151 145 168 2 138 144 16 142 145 129 148 114 142 139 168. 142 128 175 174 142 147 125 142 145 157 136 14 27 186 154 169 131. 188 248. 27 224 23 225 229 178 213 195,7 198 157 213. 14. 189 158 22 184. 173 161 236 25 258. 226 228 229. 27 291 288 218 249 19 132 221 181 159 16 157 152 168 21 135 146 16 143 146 13 149 115 142 14 169 143 129 175 174 142 148 125 143 146 158 135 139 26 187 154 171 131 189 249 273 224 231 225 232 178 213 7 8 6 9 1 11. 6 7 6 3 3 7 7 7 8 6 8 1 1 8 12 4 12 5 4 5 1 4.1 9 1.1 3 3 4 2-2 5 2 2 1 7 3 3 4 4 3 3 2 4 3 4 5 4 1 2 7 3 3 4 1 9 7 4 4 1 7 4 -.1 2. 1.1 1. -1-1..1 - - - 1 3 4 - -2 1. - 1 - - - 1. 1.1.1 1 - See foonotes at end of table. 23

Table 4. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Item and group Other index base November Indexes Percent change to '. 977 from November 6 Apparel commodities Apparel commodities less footwear Men's and boys' Men's: Topcoats and all-weather coats... Suits, year round weight Sport jackets Jackets, lightweight Slacks, heavyweight Slacks, lightweight..: Trousers, work \ Shirts, work ' Shirts, business or dress, T-shirts Socks Handkerchiefs Boys': Coats, heavyweight.j Sport coats, wool or wool blends, Dungarees Undershorts Women's and girls' Women's: Coats, heavyweight Carcoats, heavyweight Sweaters Skirts, winter weight Skirts, summer weight Blouses Dresses, street, year round weight Slips Panties Girdles Brassieres Hose or panty hose, nylon Anklets or knee-length socks... Gloves, fabric Handbags Girls': Raincoats Skirts, fall and winter Dresses Slacks, fall and winter. Slips Handbags, Other apparel commodities Diapers Yard goods Wrist watches, men's and women's Footwear Men's: Shoes, street, Shoes, work, high Women's: Shoes, street, pump, Shoes, evening, pump Shoes, casual, Houseslippers, scuff, Children's: Shoes, oxford Sneakers, boys', oxford type Dress shoes, girls', Apparel services: Drycleaning Automatic laundry service Laundry, men's shirts Tailoring charges Shoe repairs June 74 158 155 155 158. 158 141 97 148 121 153 179 176 148 181 14 176 133 133 21 173 151 168 172 161. 171 151 15 158 137 163 139 158 93.1 143 129. 173 121 16 139 185 144 154 164 216 174 143. 7 159 168 187 15 142 16 156. 161 158 166 174 164 183. 178 167. 158 155 154 157 157 139 98. 149 121 153 179 178. 149. 181. 141 176 132 133 211 173 15 161 163. 158 173. 149 151 159 137 163 139 159 92 143 128 173 121 159 14 182 144 153. 164 216 172 144. 159 168 188. 149 142 159 156. 161 158 167 176. 165 184 18 167 3 3 4 2-2. 7 4 1. 1 8 9 8.1 11 2 7 7 3 7 9 2 1-9 5 ( 7 ) 2 3 4 5 2 3-3 -1-1 -13-1 2 2 3 3 4 8. 3 1 4. 4 6 2. 7 3 3. 4 5 4 3 6 12. 8 8 7 - - - - - -1 - - - - - -4-5 -1-1 - - -1. -1 - -1 - - -1.1 - - - 1 Private 8 Automobiles, new Automobiles, used Gasoline, regular, premium, and unleaded... Motor oil Tires Auto repairs (mechanical) and maintenance 9 Auto insurance premiums Auto registration fees Parking fees, private and municipal 178 178. 148 175. 189 169 138. 6 28 214 142 198 178 178. 15 17 19 17 138 21 214 142 199 4 4 7-4 4 5-8 7 7 4 1-2 - See footnotes at end of table. 24

Table 4. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Item and group Other index November Indexes Percent change to from November Continued Public Local transit fares Taxicab fares Railroad fares, coach Airplane fares, chiefly coach Bus fares, intercity 184 179 195 186 184 232 185 179 194 19 19 232 4 2 7. 12 7. 1-2 3 Medical care l Drugs and prescriptions Over-the-counter items Multiple vitamin concentrates Aspirin compounds Liquid tonics Adhesive bandages, packages Cold tablets or capsules Cough syrup Prescriptions Anti-infectives Sedative and hypnotics Ataractics Antispasmodics Cough preparations Cardiovasculars and antihypertensives... Analgesics, internal Hormones Professional services: Physicians' fees General physician, office visits General physician, house visits Obstetrical cases Pediatric care, office visits Psychiatrist, office visits Herniorrhapy, adult Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy Dentists' fees Fillings, adult, amalgam, one surface... Extractions, adult Dentures, full upper Other professional services: Examination, prescription, and dispensing of eyeglasses Routine laboratory tests Hospital service charges Semiprivate rooms, Operating room charges, X-ray, diagnostic series, upper Gl, Laboratory tests Anti-infectives Tranquilizers Electrocardiogram Intravenous solution Physical therapy Oxygen, inhalation therapy Personal care Toilet goods Toothpaste, standard dentifrice Toilet soap, hard-milled Hand lotions Shaving cream. Face powder Deodorants Cleansing tissues Home permanent wave kits Personal care services Men's haircuts Beauty shop services Women's haircuts Shampoo and wave sets, plain Permanent waves, cold Reading and recreation * l Recreational goods TV sets, portable and console TV replacement tubes Radios, portable and table models Tape recorders, portable Phonograph records, stereophonic Movie cameras, 8mm Film, 35mm, color Golf balls Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 177 28 137 151 11 152 122 215 138 158 125 75 178 117 158 25 127 126 127 211 218. 29 215 22 176 188 28 19 197 191 174. 7 172. 172 169 38 321 194 152 136 148 147. 16 172 146 175 171 146 212 178 14 174 13 241 14 179. 7 177 181 225. 6 176 146. 16 131 11 179 14 94 128 95 134 14 178 29 137 152 11 154 122 217 139 159 125 76 179. 118 159. 26 127 127 127 213 219 214 216 22 176 189 28 19 197 192 174. 7 172 174 17 311 325 195 155 137 151 147 161 172 146 176 172 148 21 18 141 175. 133. 241 14 18 178. 182 227 177 147 161 131 11 18 14 94 128 95 134 14 6 8 7. 6 3 9 12 4 5 7 3 6 1 13 1 4. 4 13 9 8 9 9. 1 6 7 12 7 8. 8 5. 6 6 1 1 12 8 7 8 15 5 8 11 9 6 6 5 9 7 2 7 7 7 7 5 8 14 6 6. 4 2-1 7 - -2 3-4 1. - 1. 2 1.1 1. 1 1 2 1-1. 1 2 - - - - -. 3 - - See footnotes at end of table. 25

Table 4. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Item and group Other index base November Indexes Percent change to from November Continued Reading and recreation Continued Recreational goods Continued Basketballs, rubber or vinyl cover Fishing rods, fresh-water spincasting Bowling balls Bicycles, boys' Tricycles Dog food, canned or boxed Recreational services Indoor movie admissions Adult Children's Drive-in movie admissions Bowling fees, evening Golf green fees r TV repair Film developing Reading and education: Newspapers, street sale and delivery Magazines, single copy and subscription Piano lessons, beginner Other goods and services Tobacco products Cigarettes, nonfilter tip, regular size Cigarettes, filter tip, king size Cigars, domestic, regular size Alcoholic beverages Beer, at home Whiskey, spirit blended and straight bourbon Wine, dessert and table Beer, away from home Financial and miscellaneous personal expenses: Funeral services, adult Bank service charges, checking account Legal services, short form will 1 Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately. 2 Also includes home purchase costs not shown separately. 3 Also includes pine shelving, furnace filters, packaged dry cement mix, and shrubbery not shown separately. 4 Also includes window shades, nails, carpet sweepers, air deodorizers, steel wool scouring pads, envelopes, reupholstering, and moving expenses. 5 Priced only in season. 6 Also includes men's sport shirts, women's and girls' lightweight coats, women's slacks, bathing suits, girls' shorts, earrings, and zippers not shown separately. 15 128 134. 6 147 158 187. 7 164 185 175 212 194 161 ( 5 ) 111 12 196 23 157 162 172 175 175 136 153 147 118 166 176 158 135 216 151 128 134 146 159. 188 164 185 175 212 193 161 ( 5 ) 111 12 196 214 158 162 173. 176 175 137. 153 147 118 167 176 159 136. 219. 6 3.1 2 4^3 5 3 2 1. 6 5 6 4 ( 5 ) 2-2 6 1 4 4 5 5 3 3. 1. 2 5 4 4 3 7 2 - -.1 - - - 5 5.1-1 7 Not available. 8 Also includes storage batteries and drivers' license fees not shown separately. 9 Includes prices for water pump replacement, motor tune-up, automatic transmission repair, front-end alignment, and chassis lubrication; does not include prices for auto body repairs. In the CPI this component represents consumers' direct, out-ofpocket expenses for automobile repairs and maintenance. I Also includes health insurance not shown separately. I1 Also includes outboard motors, nondurable toys, college tuition fees, paperback books, and college textbooks, not shown separately. 26

Table 4-A. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S977 annual average (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*1) Item and group Other index base Indexes Percent change From to Shelter' Rent, residential Homeownership 2 Mortgage interest rates Property taxes Property insurance premium Maintenance and repairs Maintenance and repair commodities 3 Exterior house paint Interior house paint Maintenance and repair services Repainting living and dining rooms Reshingling house roof Residing house Replacing sink Repairing furnace Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Fuel oil, No. 2 Gas and electricity Gas Electricity Other utilities: Residential telephone services Residential water and sewerage services Household furnishings and operation * Housefumishings Textiles Sheets, full, flat Curtains, tailored Bedspreads Drapery fabrics Pillows, bed Slipcovers and throws, ready-made.. Furniture and bedding Bedroom furniture, chest and dresser Sofas, upholstered, Cocktail tables Dining room chairs, Recliners, upholstered Sofas, dual purpose Bedding, mattress and box springs Aluminum folding chairs, Cribs Floor coverings, Broadloom carpeting Vinyl sheet goods Vinyl floor tile Appliances (excluding radio and TV) Washing machines, electric Vacuum cleaners Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, electric Ranges, free standing, gas or electric Clothes dryers, electric Air conditioners, demountable Room heaters, electric, portable Garbage disposal units Other housefumishings: Dinnerware, fine china Flatware, stainless steel Table lamps, with shade Lawn mowers, power, rotary type... Electric drills, hand-held Housekeeping supplies: Laundry soaps and detergents Paper napkins Toilet tissue Housekeeping services: Domestic services, general housework Baby sitter services Postal charges Laundry, flatwork, finished service Licensed day care services, preschool child Washing machine repairs Mar. 7 Dec. 71 Mar. 7 Dec. 71 June 7 177 179. 144 191 14 167 144 199 168 163. 151 213 225,6 233 2. 7 21 27 182 25 247 4 189. 4 21 177 129 188 168 15 148 153 144 149 178 125 137 152 133 141 13 136 112. 139. 134 178 154. 136 124 164 165. 135 141. 121. 134 138 148 129 13 134 19 181 148 163 128 174 219 234 211 214 222 23 162 2 189. 6 191 153. 5 24. 9 138. 5 182. 3 154. 2 214. 7 179. 8 169. 8 158. 3 229. 8 241 252. 217. 9 223. 5 224. 6 22. 2 283. 4 28. 2 213. 4 239. 3 189. 3 131. 3 29 177. 156. 5 155. 8 151. 6 147. 3 163. 3 195. 3 133. 5 142. 4 157. 9 139. 8 144. 3 131 145. 3 114 142. 138. 7 19. 6 164. 14. 6 127. 3 171. 5 171 14 145. 5 125. 3 139. 7 143. 4 155 135 134. 2 139. 3 23. 7 185. 9 152. 1 168. 131. 186. 238. 7 264. 7 221. 6 227. 3 225. 6 222. 3 172. 2 21. 4 7. 6 6 6-1 8 6 7 6 4 4 7 7. 8. 8 6 8 1 13. 13 12 18 6 1 1 5. 3 5-1 2 9 9 6. 3 3 4 2 6 1 2 3 6 6 3. 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3. 3 6 2 2 2 2 6 8 12 4 5 1 9. 5 5. See foonotes at end of table. 27

Table 4-A. CPI-nonfood commodities and services, U.S977 annual average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967 s 1) Item and group Other index base Indexes Percent change From to 6 Apparel commodities Apparel commodities less footwear Men's and boys' Men's: Topcoats and all-weather coats Suits, year round weight Sport jackets Jackets, lightweight Slacks, heavyweight Slacks, lightweight Trousers, work Shirts, work Shirts, business or dress T-shirts Socks ' Handkerchiefs '. Boys': Coats, heavyweight.... Sport coats, wool or wool blends... Dungarees Undershorts Women's and girls' Women's: Coats, heavyweight Carcoats, heavyweight Sweaters Skirts, winter weight Skirts, summer weight Blouses Dresses, street, year round weight... Slips Panties Girdles Brassieres Hose or panty hose, nylon Anklets or knee-length socks Gloves, fabric Handbags Girls': Raincoats Skirts, fall and winter Dresses Slacks, fall and winter. Slips Handbags Other apparel commodities Diapers Yard goods Wrist watches, men's and women's Footwear Men's: Shoes, street Shoes, work, high Women's: Shoes, street, pump Shoes, evening, pump Shoes, casual Houseslippers, scuff Children's: Shoes, oxford Sneakers, boys', oxford type Dress shoes, girls' Apparel services: Drycleaning Automatic laundry service Laundry, men's shirts Tailoring charges Shoe repairs June 74 147 145 144 147 149 14 97 139 12.1 145 161. 159 133 159 134 161 118 126 19. 156 141 149 156. 139 157 146 142 149 125 15 133 15 92 135 129. 17 13 156 134 171 134 14 153. 19 16 14 149 155 17 143. 134 151 146 151 149 159 16 143 164 161 149 154 151 15 154. 154 14 95.1 146 118 151 174. 173 143 176 139 171 123 129 25 169 146 155 157. 146 159. 153 147 154 135 158 137 156 92 14 131 173 126 156 137 176 143 151 16 28 172 142 156 165* 183 147 14. 158. 152 159.1 154 166 17 157 177 172 162 4 4. 3 4 3-2 5-1 3 8 8 7 1 3 6. 4. 2 8 8 3 4 5 1 4 3 3 8. 5 3. 3 3 1 1-3 2 3 6 7 5 9 7 1 4. 7 6 7. 6 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 6 1. 7 6 8 Private 7 Automobiles, new Automobiles, used Gasoline, regular, premium, and unleaded... Motor oil Tires Auto repairs (mechanical) and maintenance 8 Auto insurance premiums Auto registration fees Parking fees, private and municipal 165 164 135 167 177 159 133. 189 187 132 183 177 176 142 182 188 166 137 23. 7 21 141. 194 7 7 5 8 5 4.1 3 7 12. 6 5 See footnotes at end of table. 28

Table 4-A. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S977 annual average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Item and group Other index Indexes Percent change From to Continued Public Local transit fares Taxicab fares Railroad fares, coach Airplane fares, chiefly coach Bus fares, intercity 174 173 176 165 172 196 182. 4 178. 5 189. 9 18. 6 182. 223. 5 4 3. 7 9 5 13 Medical care * Drugs and prescriptions Over-the-counter items Multiple vitamin concentrates Aspirin compounds Liquid tonics Adhesive bandages, packages Cold tablets or capsules Cough syrup Prescriptions Anti-infectives Sedative and hypnotics Ataractics Antispasmodics Cough preparations Cardiovasculars and antihypertensives... Analgesics, internal Hormones Professional services: Physicians' fees General physician, office visits General physician, house visits Obstetrical cases Pediatric care, office visits Psychiatrist, office visits. Herniorrhapy, adult Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy Dentists' fees Fillings, adult, amalgam, one surface... Extractions, adult Dentures, full upper Other professional services: Examination, prescription, and dispensing of eyeglasses Routine laboratory tests Hospital service charges Semiprivate rooms Operating room charges X-ray, diagnostic series, upper Gl Laboratory tests Anti-infectives Tranquilizers Electrocardiogram Intravenous solution Physical therapy Oxygen, inhalation therapy Personal care Toilet goods Toothpaste, standard dentifrice Toilet soap, hard-milled Hand lotions Shaving cream. Face powder Deodorants Cleansing tissues Home permanent wave kits Personal care services Men's haircuts Beauty shop services Women's haircuts Shampoo and wave sets, plain, Permanent waves, cold Reading and recreation 1. Recreational goods TV sets, portable and console, TV replacement tubes Radios, portable and table models Tape recorders, portable Phonograph records, stereophonic Movie cameras, 8mm Film, 35mm, color Golf balls Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 Jan. 72 163 184 126. 138 15 139. 12 182 131 145 115 73. 163 113 136 181 121 121. 11 188 193 189 192 192 163 169 179 172 177 171 162 158 16 148 268 274 174 14 123 129 136 144. 148 13 16 158 137 193 163 135. 166 12 217 128 162 163 162. 186 162 135 151 127 12 166 15 95 123 95 125 14. 173. 7 22. 4 134 148. 5 18. 8 148. 122. 2 29. 4 136. 155. 6 122 75. 173. 5 117. 3 151. 2. 8 125. 5 124. 9 12. 8 26. 212 25. 7 27. 8 213 173. 183. 7 2. 2 185 191. 5 186. 3 171. 168. 2 169. 4 164 299. 5 311. 3 189. 4 149. 8 132. 4 142. 3 145 155. 6 165. 6 141. 6 17. 9 167. 5 144 25. 5 174 139. 5 173. 4 126. 4 234 136. 3 174. 4 173. 8 175. 21. 5 173. 143 157. 9 13. 5 11. 7 175. 15. 95 125. 95. 132. 14. 8 9 65 6 9 6 6 2 6 1 14 3 6 6. 2 5 3 1 1 3 3 9 9 9 8 8 1 5 8 11 7 7 8 5 5 5 1 11 13 8 6 7 1 6 8 11 8 6 5 4 6 6 3 4 5 7 6. 7 6 8. 12 6 5 4 2-1 5 - - 1 5 See footnotes at end of table. 29

Table 4-A. CPI nonfood commodities and services, U.S977 annual average Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Item and group Other index Indexes Percent change From to Continued Reading and recreation Continued Recreational goods Continued Basketballs, rubber or vinyl cover Fishing rods, fresh-water spincasting Bowling balls Bicycles, boys' Tricycles Dog food, canned or boxed Recreational services Indoor movie admissions Adult Children's Drive-in movie admissions Bowling fees, evening Golf green fees TV repair Film developing Reading and education: Newspapers, street sale and delivery Magazines, single copy and subscription Piano lessons, beginner Other goods and services Tobacco products Cigarettes, nonfilter tip, regular size Cigarettes, filter tip, king size Cigars, domestic, regular size Alcoholic beverages Beer, at home Whiskey, spirit blended and straight bourbon Wine, dessert and table Beer, away from home Financial and miscellaneous personal expenses: Funeral services, adult Bank service charges, checking account Legal services, short form will 147 124 13 145 15. 171 155 177 171 193 179 146 166 17 123 182 185 145 153 16 162 163 129 146 143 116. 157 165 149 127 199 149 127 134 147 155 183 161 185. 176 28 19. 155 173 11 121 192 21 154. 159 168 17 171. 135. 15 145 117 161 173 156 133 213 1 2 3 1 3 6 4 4 3. 7 5 5 4 2-1 5 8 5 3 4 4 4 3 2 1 1 2 4 4 4 7. Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately. Also includes home purchase costs not shown separately. Also includes pine shelving, furnace filters, packaged dry cement mix, and shrubbery not shown separately. Revised. Also includes window shades, nails, carpet sweepers, air deodorizers, steel wool scouring pads, envelopes, reupholstering, and moving expenses. 6 Also includes men's sport shirts, women's and girls' lightweight coats, women's slacks, bathing suits, girls' shorts, earrings, and zippers not shown separately. 1 Also includes storage batteries and drivers' license fees not shown separately. 8 Includes prices for water pump replacement, motor tune-up, automatic transmission repair, front-end alignment, and chassis lubrication; does not include prices for auto body repairs. In the CPI this component represents consumers' direct, out-ofpocket expenses for automobile repairs and maintenance. 9 Also includes health insurance not shown separately. 1 Also includes outboard motors, nondurable toys, college tuition fees, paperback books, and college textbooks, not shown separately. 3

Table 5. CPI selected areas, all items index (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers) Area 1 Pricing schedule 2 Indexes 1967=1 1957-59=1 Other bases Percent change f r< >m: September November U.S. city average.... M 186 216 6 1.1 Chicago Detroit Los Angeles Long Beach N.Y.-Northeastern NJ Philadelphia M M M M M 18. 184 184 188 186 24 211 216 224 218 6 6 6 5 6 1 - - October October July Boston Houston Minneapolis St Pittsburgh Paul 1 1 1 1 185 192 187. 183 222 22 216 211. 5 5 7 7 1 1 November November August Buffalo Cleveland. Dallas Milwaukee San Diego Seattle Washington 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 185 184 183 181 186 182 188 28 25. 214 219 3 23. 5 3 198 4 196 6 6 7. 6. 5 7 8 7 1 1 1 1 1. 3 1 September Atlanta Kansas City St Louis San Francisco Oakland 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 184 19 186 174 182 18 187 212 221 211 216 21 222 5 188 7 6 7. 5 7. 7 8 1. 1 1 1 Area coverage includes the urban portion of the corresponding Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) except for New York and Chicago which have more extensive Standard Consolidated Areas. Area definitions were established for the 196 Census and exclude revisions made since 196. 2 s, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all cities; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M Every month. 1 - January, April, July, and October. 2 - February, May, August, and November. 3 - March, June, September, and. 3 November 1963=1. 4 February 1965=1. 5 1963=1. NOTE: Price changes within areas are found in the Consumer Price Index; differences in living costs among areas are found in family budgets. Table 6. CPI areas 1 priced monthly, by expenditure class, percent change from November to (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Expenditure class U.S. city average Chicago Detroit Los Angeles- Long Beach New York- Northeastern New Jersey Philadelphia - - Medical care Personal care. Reading and recreation. Other goods and services - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - See footnote 1, table 5. Not available. 31

Table 7. CPI - selected areas 1, by expenditure class (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical worker*, 1967-1) Expenditure class U.S. city average Chicago Detroit Los Angeles- Long Beach New York- Northeastern New Jersey Philadelphia Indexes, at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other food at home away from home 186 196 193 189. 182 176 192 228 26 18. 196 195 191 188 171 26 224 21 184 191. 187 197 174. 176 174 222 27 184 191 19 188 182 164 186 225 194 188 198 198 194 18 18 26. 242. 9 197 186 22 199 2 186 181 199 236 218 Shelter, Rent, residential Homeownership Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation, 195 198 157 213. 27 291 218 181 178. 179. 193 183. 287 194 171 188 192 155 199 28 296 223.1 163 197 27. 22 169 _ 199 175 195 193 174 27. 223 299 248 183 193 199 26 197 285 22 179. Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear 158 157 15 159 144 134 137 15 148 154. 132 15 148 141 142 151 153 141 148. 157 145. 151 124 153 Private Public 178 178. 185 182 181 186 177 177 175 179 181 15 195 186. 233 185 186 179 Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services 178 29 176 161 162 18 213 175 161 166 192 244 159 168 174 21 163. 147 162 183 233. 166 163 Percent changes, September to 182 226 161 163 1 1 at home, Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other food at home away from home Shelter Rent, residential Homeownership Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation 2 5-1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 2 1 2 1 1 5-5 1 1 1. 2 2 3 1 1 1-9 -1 3 3 1. 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 2 7-1. 2 3 3 - m - 1 3 3-1 1 3-1 2-4 1 1 1 4-1 5-1 -2-3 3-1 1 Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear 1 1 1-1. -2-2 - - 2 3 1 1-1. 1 1-1, Private Public 1-1. -1.1 - - Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services 1 1 2. 1 1 1 1 2. 1 1. 1 1 1 1 1. 1 - - 1 1 See footnotes at end of table. 32

Table 7. CPI - selected areas 1, by expenditure class Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=1) Expenditure class Atlanta Baltimore Cincinnati Honolulu Kansas City St. Louis San Francisco- Oakland Indexes, 184 19 186 174 182 18 187 at home Cereals and bakery products... Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other food at home away from home 21, Z 199 198 182 196 25 223, 25 199 197 185 186 176 197. 236 21. 22 24 198 188 181 27,5 248 196 198 194 178 191 191 197 213 28 197 193 185 178 19 187. 7 233 211 195 194. 199 175 181 194. 229 22 192 193 185 188 169 183 235 188 Shelter Rent, residential Homeownership, Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation, 193 195 138. 2 212 22 215 183 211f 2 222 148 253 211. 292, 1 226 186 191 189 138 213. 237 26 17 166 162 166 159. 186 21 167. 189 192 135 215 195 235 177 183 182 13 197 193 297 25. 179 23 21. 171 229 22. 195. 182,9 Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear 158 17 149. 137 164 167,4 147,7 171 166 16 163 175 155 154 141,8 153 167. 18 158 169 154 151 146 164 153. 153 144 152 Private Public 164 169 99 169 17. 163 167 173 12,4 161 168 126 172 173 155 17 175 18 179 18 157 Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services 18 217 18 16 148 177 211 168 158 17 182 225,7 171. 151. 175 176 211 184 166 145 173 196 178 152 167 176 192. 7 179. 16,6 169 176 26 172,6 153 158 Percent changes, September to, 1. 1 1 at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other food at home away from home 5. - 1. 1. -1 3,7-1 - -1. 4, 6 1 1 3 3 3 5-2 - - 1-1. -1 5. -3 1. 1 1 2 1. 6-2 1. 7 Shelter Rent, residential Homeownership Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation. 1 1. 7 1 1 2 1 1 1 7 3 11 1 3 2 5 1 2 2~. 9 1-1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3. 7. 7 3 5 2 6-5 -1". 8 Men's and boys' Women's and boys' Footwear - -3-1 - - 1 1 1 1 3-1 2-1 1 Private Public - -,4 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services 1 1 1. 1. 1 1 1 1 2 2. 7-1 1 See footnote 1, table 5, Not available. 3 Change from October. 33

Table 7-A. CPI selected areas 1, annual average, by expenditure class (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers) Expenditure class U.S. city average Chicago Detroit Los Angeles- Long Beach New York- Northeastern New Jersey Philadelphia Indexes(1967-1) (1957-59=1) at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other food at home away from home 181 211 192 19 183 178 173 191 224 2 175 199 191. 189 184 18 166. 197 223 197 18 27 186,4 183 193 171 173 171. 215 199 179 211 185 184. 3 182 176 158 179 219 189 185 238 195 196 186 177 177 29 238 193 183 214 198 194 194 184 176 196 227 214 Shelter Rent, residential Homeownership Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation. Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear Private Public 189 191 153 24. 9 22 283 213 177. 154 154. 146 156 177 176 182 172 173. - 186 179 278 19 168 142 134 134 15. 181 181. 183 184 188. 15 195 25 285 222 16 146 154 13 15 174 174 172 19 198-212 166 _ 195 171 144 137 139 149. 179 181 147 191 189 171. 23 221 291 25,8 179 149 14 142. 4 153 194 184 231 19 199 28 192 275 196 173 143. 147 123 153 181 183 17 Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services 173 22 17 157 159 175 27 169 158 162 186 234 156 164.1 17 24 158 145 159 Percent changes, -77 18. 217. 164. 162 178 22. 6 157 159. 6 6 6 6 5 6 at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables, Other food at home, away from home, 6 6. 1-2 9 18. 7 5 6-2 11 18 7 6 5 5. - 3 7 16 6 7 6 2 1 9 19 8. 5 5 1-1 3. 9 18 4 6 6 5 3 8 16 8 Shelter Rent, residential Homeownership Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation. 7. 6 6 1 13. 12 5. 6 6. 7 9 15 12. 4 6 6 6. 13 14 14. 4 7 8 8 3-4 6 5 4. 7 5 4 8 12 11 4 6 5 5~. 6 1 14. 1 4 Men's and boys.', Women's and girls', Footwear 4 4 3 4 3. 1 5 3 1 2 2 3 3 4 3 3. 1 5 2 1 1 1, Private, Public 7 7 4 8 8 6 9.1 9 2 7 7 11 5 6 2. 9 9 11, Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services 6 9 6 4 3 6 9 8 4 3 7 12.1 3.1 4 6 9 6 3 4 6. 8 _ 5 2 6 9 4. 2 See footnotes at end of table. 34

Table 7-A. CPI selected areas 1, annual average, by expenditure class Continued (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers) (1957-59=1) at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other food at home... away from home Shelter Rent, residential Homeownership Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation. Men's and boys' Women's and girls' Footwear Private Public Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services Expenditure class Atlanta Baltimore Cincinnati Honolulu 179 26 196 195 19 178 19 28 216 198 186 187 135 23 197 29 179 153 163 147. 135 162 167 98 177 214. 175 158. 144 185 215 195 193 176 183 172 21 228 25. 22. 213 143 242 193. 7 282 199 182. 162 165 144 17 168 169 16 174 27. 6 164 155 167 182 26 197 199 193 184 178 22 242 189 185 183 133 27 226 248 167 16 157 155. 6 171. 167 173 119 178 22 167. 148 171 Indexes (1967=1) 171. 2 184 193. 189. 172 186 187 19 26 24 162 16. 163 157 175 22. 7 163 152 15 139 151. 159. 7 166 125 171 23. 177 164. 142 Kansas City 178 211 193. 189 181 175 182 182. 222 25 183 185 131 26 189 226 174 162 174 155 165 17 171 154 169 19 173 149 164 Percent changes, -77 St. Louis 176 26 192 192.1 193 172 18. 193 228 196 178 176. 127. 19. 19. 287 2 175. 7 151 149. 2 144 159. 168 174 16 171 186 172 155 165 San Francisco- Oakland 18 215 187 189 179. 183 166 181 231 18 192 197 164. 7 213 187 23 178. 7 15 153 142 15 176 177. 6 155. 6 171 199 169. 151. 154 at home Cereals and bakery products Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Fruits and vegetables Other food at home away from home Shelter Rent, residential Homeownership Fuel and utilities Fuel oil and coal Gas and electricity Household furnishings and operation. Men's and boys' Women's and boys' Footwear 6 5. 7 5. 3 2-2 6 4. 5 11 13 7 6 5 3 5 15 14. 9 5 6 5 8 5 6 6 5 2 11 16 7 8 8 6 9 11 14 14 6. 5 6 4 4 7 7 7 1-1 3 11 21 8 7 4 7 3 23 32 5 5 3 5 5. 5 5-2. 2 4 7 15 5 4 2 4 1 1 8. 4 3 4 2 4 7 6 5 1-1 2 7 15 11 7 6 5 6 15 21 5 9. 13 6. 5 6 6 6 1-2 4 9 22 7. 7 6 6 5 6 11 9 15 4 6 6 7 4. 7 7 7 2 3 8 23 8 8 8 7 8 16 11 6 3 4. 1 3 Private Public Medical care Personal care Reading and recreation Other goods and services 5 5. 7 2 6. 8 6 4 2 5 6 4 5 7 5 4 5 7 6 1 7. 12. 6 2 4 3 4 1 6 11 6 3 5 6 6 1 6 9 7 4 3 6 2 7 1 5 5 5 7. 7 3 7 1. 6 3 6 1 See footnote 1, table 5. 1963=1. 35

Table 8. CPI food groups, selected areas (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers 1967=1) Area' Total food Total Cereals and bakery products at home Meats, poultry, and fish Dairy products Indexes, Fruits and vegetables Other foods at home away from home U.S. city average Atlanta Baltimore Boston Buffalo Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Detroit Honolulu Houston Kansas City Los Angeles Long Beach Milwaukee Minneapolis St. Paul... N.Y.-Northeastern N.J. Philadelphia Pittsburgh St. Louis San Diego San Francisco Oakland. Seattle '. Washington 196 21 199 194 192 196 22 198 195 191. 198 22 197 191 192 21 198 22 198 195 196 192 194. 24 193 199 197 191 19. 195 24 197 189 187 194 194 193 19 19. 193 198 199 195 194. 184 193 192 198 189. 198 185 193. 181. 7 191 198 194 187 197 178 186. 185 188 185 2. 6 194 2 197 199 178 185 186 2 182 182 186 18 178 188 188 185 176 174. 191 187 178 182 183 185 18 186 188 175 181. 188 189 175 176 196 176 169 174 171 181 186 174 176 191 189 19 164 182 18. 18 181 172 181 165 169 174 163 192 25 197. 185 186 26 27 186. 189 174 197 199. 6 187. 7 186 186 19 26. 199 185 194. 181 183 182 28 Percent changes, November to 228 223. 236 231 227 224 248 235. 214 222 213 21. 223 225 211 214 242 236 229 229 21 235 223 246 26 25 21. 26 26 21 196 24 217 27 28 23 211 194 (*) 234 197 218 219 22 188 197 219 U.S. city average 1. 2. - Atlanta Baltimore Boston Buffalo Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Detroit Honolulu Houston Kansas City Los Angeles-Long Beach... Milwaukee Minneapolis-St. Paul N.Y.-Northeastern N.J Philadelphia Pittsburgh St. Louis San Diego San Francisco Oakland Seattle Washington - - - 1 1-1 - - - 1 1-1 - 3. 1 1. -1 3 1 - - 2-1 1-1 1 1-1 1. 1.. - -1 - - 1-1 - -2 2 1 1 1-3 - - - 1 1-1 3. 4 1. 1 3 2 3 3. 4. 1 2-2 1 4 2-1 - - -3-1 -1 - - - -2 - Q.1 - - - 1 1 1 See footnote 1, table 5. Not available. 36

Table 9, CPI gasoline indexes, U.S. city average and selected areas (Consumer prict index for urban wage earner) and clerical workers, January = 1) U.S. city average Area' Atlanta Baltimore Boston Buffalo Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Detroit Honolulu.i Houston Kansas City Los Angeles--Long Beach. Milwaukee Minneapolis-St. Paul... N.Y.-Northeastem N.J.. Philadelphia Pittsburgh St. Louis San Diego... San Franciico-Oakland.. Seattle Washington November 17 17 13 16. 16 17 16 13 11 16 15 19. 17 17 18 17 13 16. 17 18 16 17. 111 15 Leaded regular gasoline Index 17 17 13 15 16 11 16 13 11 16 15 18 18. 18. 18 18 12 15 17 16 16 19 111 15 Percent change to from November - - - - 2.1 - - - - - - -1 2-1 Area coverage includes the urban portion of the corresponding Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) except for New York and Chicago where the more November 19 113 17 112. 18 19 19 18 113 111 16 111 111 11. 111 111. 18 19 19 11 18 16 112 19 Unleaded regular gasoline Index 19 112 17 111 18 113. 11 18 112 111 16 111 111 11 111 111 17 19 19 19 18 17 112 19 Percent change :o from November - I - 1 1 3 3 2 3 * 2 5-3 1 5 1 3-7 1-5 -1 1 1 3 I November 18 111 16 18 16 18. 17 15. 7 11 19 15 19*2 18 18 19 19 16 17 19 18 16 15 111 17 Premium gasoline Index 18,7 111 16 18 17 111 17 15. 6 11 19. 6 15 18 18 18 19 19 15 17 19. 17 17 17 112 17 Percent change to from November - 3 * - - - - - - -1 1 1. * 1 extensive Standard Consolidated Areas are used. Area definitions are those established for the 196 Census and do not include revisions made since 196. Table 1, CPI-gasoline average prices, U.S. city average and selected areas (Consumer price index for urban waaa earners and clerical worken) Area 1 U.S. city average... Atlanta Baltimore Boston... Buffalo, i Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Detroit., i Honolulu Houston.. Kansas City LoS Angeles-Long Beach. Milwaukee Minneapolis-St. Paul N.Y.-Northeastern NJ.. Philadelphia Pittsburgh... St. Louis... San Diego San Francisco-Oakland.. Seattle Washington October $,627 22 19 21 32 43 17 13 91 21 21 75 *595 33 9 22 19 18 24 16 4 62 41 38 Leaded regular gasoline Unleaded regular gasoline Premium gasoline November $,626 22 19 21 35 43 14 7 92 16 21 74 97 27 9 17 18 18 24 15 4 57 4 37 $,627 19 18 2 33 61 14 6 93 15 22 73 98 3 89 21 13 15 24. 64 43 71 4 36 October $,665 82 6 74 65 9 54 51 28 79 4 9 32 72 3 57 66 7 61 44 79 81 67 87 Average price per gallon November $,664 81 6 73 69 91 51 44 28 76 4. 69 34 72 3 56 65 71 61 43 8 73 66 85 D e cember $,665 78 6 73 7 14 52 44 27 75. 743 7 33 76 29 58 6 7 57 36 82 82 67 85 October $,683 1 88 84 89 93 7 68 41 95 65 29 5 79 49 93 9 92 82 69 91 1 89 8 November $,682 $,684 1 Area coverage includes the urban portion of the corresponding Standard Metro- extensive Standard Consolidated Areas are used. Area definitions are those established politan Statistical Area (SMSA) except for New York and Chicago where the more for the 196 Census and do not include revisions made since 196. 1 88 84 84 93 68 64 42 94 65 29. 651 78 48 91 92 91 82 69 93,697 87 5 99 88 84 88 17 68 63 42 93 68 27 49 82 48 95 86 9 81 62 97 8 94 6 37

Table 11. CPI-by population size 1 (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967»1) Area and group Relative importance Indexes (1967=1) Percent change to fron September September United States: 1.. 2367 342 9.194 1348 19.13 174 181 181 151 171 168. 184. 194 192 156 178 176 186 196 195 158 178 178 6 8. 7 4 4 6 1 1 1 1 Class A-1 (3 million or more): 3258 743 147 284 496 688 175 183 18 145 179 172. 184. 194 189 149 186 18 185 197. 191 149 186 182 5 7 6 2 4 5 1 1 1. Class A-2 (1 million to 3 million): 1163 231 1 13 182 246 174. 181. 7 179 151 173. 168 183 195. 19 155 181 176 186 196 194 157 181 179 7 8 8 3 4 6 1 2. 1 1 Class B (25, to 1 million): 2578 54 866 284 376 413 173 181 18 155 166 166 183 195 192 162 172 174 185. 6 196 195 164 173 176. 6 7 8 8 5 3 6 1 1 1 1 Class C (5, to 25,): 1237 24 458 182 11 246 173 179 183 155 166 164 183 193 194 16. 174 172 185 194 198 162 175. 175 7 8 8 4 4 6 1 1 1 1 Class D( 2,5 to 5,): 1788 4. Ill 61 162 285 32 174 18 185 154 167 165 184 193 197 158 174 173. 6 187 195 21 162 174. 6 176 7 8 8 5. 4 6 1 2. 2 1 Based upon 196 Census of Population. 38

Table 11-A. CPI-by population size 1, annual average (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967-1) Area and group Relative importance Annual average indexes Percent change to from United States: 17 18 177 147 165 163 181 192 189 154 177 173 6 6 7. 4 7 6 Class A-1 (3 million or more): 171 181 176 142 173 167 181 192 187. 147 185 178. 5 5 6 3 7* 6 Class A-2 (1 million to 3 million): 169 181 173 148 167 163 181 192 187 154 179 174 6 6 7 3 7 6 Class B (25, to 1 million): 169 18 176 151 16 162. 18 192 189. 159 171 172 6 6 7 5 7 6 Class C (5, to 25,): 169 179 178 151. 161 159 181 19 191 159. 172 17. 6 6 7 5 6 6 Class D (2,5 to 5,): 171. 179 181 15 161 16 182 191 194 157 173 171. 6 6 7 5. 7 6 Based upon 196 Census of Population. 39

Table 12. CPI-by region (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*1) Area and group Relative importance 1 Indexes September Percent change to fron September United States:. 1. 2367 342 994 1348 19,13 174 181 181 151 171 168. 184. 194 192 156 178 176 186 196 195 158 178 178 6 8. 7 4 4 6 1 1 1 1 Northeast:. 326 854 1 319 478 61 176 183 183 152 179. 169 184 195 191 155 187. 176 186 197 193 157 187 178 5 7 5 3 4 5 1. 1 North Central:. 2737 66 98 256 325 589 171 18 174 151 168 168 181 193 185 155 175 178. 183 195 188 157 176 18 7 8 8 4 4 1 1 1 1 South:. 28 3 763 217 3.33 422 176 183 187 155 167 169 187 198 2 162. 173 177 189 199. 23 164 173 179 7 8 8 5 3 6 1. 1 1 1 West:. 169 385 61 169 251 393 171 176 182 146 168 162 182 189 196 149 175 17 185 192 21 152 175 173 7 9 1 4 3 6 1 1 2 1-1 NOTE: Data for Anchorage, Alaska, and Honolulu, Hawaii, are included in U.S. totals but are excluded from regions. Therefore regional data on relative importance will not add to U.S. totals. 4

Table 12-A. CPI-by region, annual average (Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*1) Area and group Relative importance Annual average indexes Percent change to from United States:. 17 18 177 147 165 163 181,5 192 189 154 177 173 6 6 7. 4 7 6 Northeast:. 173 183 179 147. 7 173 165 183. 193 189 153 185 175. 5 5 5 3 6 5 North Central:. 167 179 169 147 162 164. 179 191 182 154 174 175 6 6 7 4 7 6 South:. 172 183 183 151 161 164 184 195 196 159 172 174 6 6 7. 5 6 6 West:. 167 173 177 143 162 157 179. 6 187. 192 148 173 168 7 7 8 3 7 6 NOTE: Data for Anchorage, Alaska, and Honolulu, Hawaii, are included in U.S. totals but are excluded from regions. 41

Appendix: Technical Notes Brief Explanation of the CPI The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures average changes in prices of goods and services usually bought by urban wage earners and clerical workers. It is based on prices of about 4 items which were selected to represent the movement of prices of all goods and services purchased by wage earners and clerical workers. Prices for these items are obtained in urban portions of 39 major statistical areas and 17 smaller cities, which were chosen to represent all urban places in the United States. They are collected from about 18, establishments grocery and department stores, hospitals, filling stations, and other types of stores and service establishments. Prices of food, fuels, and a few other items are obtained every month in all 56 locations. Prices of most other commodities and services are collected every month in the five largest areas and every 3 months in other areas. Prices of most goods and services are obtained by personal visits of the Bureau's trained representatives. Mail questionnaires are used to obtain local transit fares, public utility rates, newspaper prices, fuel prices, and certain other items. In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with weights which represent their importance in the spending of all wage earners and clerical workers. Local data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. Separate indexes are also published for 23 areas. The index measures price changes from a designated reference date 1967 which equals 1.. An increase of 22 percent, for example, is shown as 122.. This change can also be expressed in dollars as follows: The price of a base period "market basket" of goods and services bought by urban wage earners and clerical workers has risen from $1 in 1967 to $12. A Note About Calculating Index Changes Movements of the indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent changes rather than changes in index points because index point changes are affected by the level of the index in relation to its base period while percent changes are not. The example in the accompanying box illustrates the computation of index point and percent changes. Seasonally adjusted percent changes in the U.S. All Items Index are based on seasonal adjustment factors and seasonally adjusted indexes carried to two decimal places. This procedure helps to eliminate rounding error in the percent changes. Percent changes for 3-month and 6-month periods are expressed as annual rates and are computed according to the standard formula for compound growth rates. These data indicate what the percent change would be if the current rate were maintained for a 12-month period. BLS does not publish annual rates based on data for 1 month. CPI Less previous index Index Point Change Equals index point change: Index point difference, Percent Change Divided by the previous index. Equals, Results multiplied by one hundred Equals percent change: 123 123 123.6.5x1 A Note on Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes seasonally adjusted as well as unadjusted changes each month. For analyzing general price trends in the economy, seasonally adjusted changes are usually preferred, since they eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same magnitude every year such as price movements resulting from changing climatic conditions, production cycles, model changeovers, holidays, and sales. The unadjusted data are of primary interest to consumers concerned about the prices they actually pay. Unadjusted data are also used extensively for escalation purposes. Many collective bargaining contract agreements and pension plans, for example, tie compensation changes to the Consumer Price Index unadjusted for seasonal variation. 42