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INSTRUCTION: This section consists of FOUR (4) structured questions. Answer ALL questions. ARAHAN: Bahagian ini mengandungi EMPAT(4) soalan berstruktur. Jawab SEMUA soalan. QUESTION 1 a) List down TWO (2) differences between management accounting and financial accounting. Questions (b), (c) and (d) relate to the following information. ABC Enterprise manufactures frozen food for Kota Kinabalu market. The total production of the frozen food is 12,000 unit per month. The standard cost per unit is stated below: Item Details RM Direct Material 2 kg @ RM5.50 per kg 11.00 Direct Labor 4 hours @ RM3.20 per hour 12.80 Variable overhead 2 hours @ RM3.00 per hour 6.00 Standard cost per unit 29.80 The following are the actual details for the month of June 2017: Actual production is 10,000 units Direct materials consumed are 22,000 kg at RM5.20 per kg Total direct labor hours are 50,000 hours at RM3.50 per hour Actual variable overheads were RM 70,000 You are required to: b) Calculate Direct Material Price Variance c) Interpret whether Direct Material Usage Variance is favourable or unfavourable C4 d) Illustrate Total Variable Overhead Variance [10 marks] 2 SULIT

SOALAN 1 a) Senaraikan DUA (2) perbezaan antara perakaunan pengurusan dan perakaunan kewangan Soalan (b), (c) dan (d) adalah berkaitan dengan maklumat berikut : ABC Enterprise mengeluarkan makanan sejuk beku untuk pasaran Kota Kinabalu. Jumlah pengeluaran makanan sejuk beku adalah 12,000 unit sebulan. Kos piawai seunit adalah seperti di bawah: Item Keterangan RM Bahan mentah langsung 2 kg @ RM 5.50 per kg 11.00 Buruh langsung 4 jam @ RM 3.20 per jam 12.80 Overhed berubah 2 jam @ RM 3.00 per jam 6.00 Kos piawai seunit 29.80 Berikut adalah maklumat sebenar bagi bulan Jun 2017: Pengeluaran sebenar adalah 10,000 unit Bahan mentah langsung yang digunakan adalah 22,000 kg pada harga RM 5.20 per kg Jam buruh langsung berjumlah 50,000 jam pada kadar RM 3.50 per jam Overhed berubah sebenar adalah RM 70,000 C4 Anda dikendaki untuk: b) Mengira Varians Harga Bahan Mentah Langsung c) Jelaskan samada Varians Penggunaan Bahan Mentah Langsung memuaskan atau tidak memuaskan d) Illustrasikan Total Varians Overhed Berubah [10 markah] 3 SULIT

QUESTION 2 a) List FIVE (5) short-term decision making problems. b) Chantek Sdn Bhd manufactures beauty products. It has three divisions: cosmetic, skin care and supplement division. Following is an extract from the financial statement for the year ended 31 st December 2016: Cosmetic Skin care Supplement RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Revenue 700 500 200 Net Profit/Loss 220 150 (60) In the board meeting, a director proposed that the company should dispose the Supplement Division because it s losing money. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) argued that the board cannot conclude that a division is losing money just because it generated net loss for a period. He suggested that the company s Chief Financial Officer (CFO) should conduct a detailed analysis. Being the company s Management Accountant, the CFO asked you to identify which of the following costs are RELEVANT or NOT RELEVANT for the decision: i. CEO s salary ii. iii. iv. Retirement benefits to be paid to the Supplement Division workers Company-wide quality certification fee Annual directors allowance v. Cost of raw materials consumed by Supplement Division 4 SULIT

Questions (c) and (d) relate to the following information. Vogue Enterprise produces three types of perfumes. The information of per unit product is as follows: Perfume s types Flora Spices Sporty RM RM RM Total sales 750,000 500,000 340,000 Sales price/unit 150 100 85 Material cost/ unit (RM15/ ml) 60 45 37.5 Labour cost/ unit (RM5/ hour) 20 17.5 15 Variable overhead cost/unit 25 15 10 Information from the supplier indicates that they can supply only 50,000 ml of raw materials for the next month. The company also allocates only RM 200,000 labours in value due to budget cutting exercise. c) You are required to: i. Determine which factor is limited if all products are to be sold. [3 marks] ii. Determine units to be produced for each type of product in order to obtain the maximum profit? [7 marks] C4 d) Outline FIVE (5) qualitative factors that need to be considered by Vogue Enterprise to sustain the lowest sales of perfume in the market. 5 SULIT

SOALAN 2 a) Senaraikan LIMA (5) masalah dalam pembuatan keputusan jangka pendek b) Chantek Sdn Bhd mengeluarkan produk kecantikan. Ia mempunyai tiga bahagian iaitu bahagian kosmetik, penjagaan kulit dan makanan tambahan. Berikut merupakan ringkasan penyata kewangan bagi tahun berakhir 31 Disember 2016: Kosmetik Penjagaan Kulit Makanan Tambahan RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Hasil 700 500 200 Untung/ Rugi Bersih 220 150 (60) Ketika mesyuarat lembaga pengarah telah mencadangkan pihak syarikat perlu menutup bahagian Makanan Tambahan kerana kerugian yang dihadapi. Ketua Pegawai Eksekutif (CEO) mempertahankan bahawa Lembaga Pengarah tidak sepatutnya membuat kesimpulan bahawa Bahagian Makanan Tambahan menyumbang kepada kerugian hanya kerana ia menjana kerugian bersih untuk satu tempoh. Beliau mencadangkan Ketua Pegawai Kewangan (CFO) perlu menjalankan analisis dengan lebih lanjut. Sebagai Akauntan Pengurusan syarikat CFO meminta anda mengenal pasti sama ada kos berikut adalah RELEVAN atau TIDAK RELEVAN untuk tujuan pembuatan keputusan: i. Gaji CEO ii. Manfaat persaraan yang dibayar kepada pekerja Bahagian Makanan Tambahan iii. Yuran pensijilan kualiti syarikat iv. Elaun tahunan pengarah 6 SULIT

v. Kos bahan mentah yang digunakan oleh Bahagian Makanan Tambahan Soalan (c) dan (d) adalah berkaitan maklumat berikut Vogue Enterprise mengeluarkan tiga jenis minyak wangi. Maklumat berkaitan dengan seunit produk adalah seperti berikut: Jenis pewangi Flora Spices Sporty RM RM RM Jumlah jualan 750,000 500,000 340,000 Harga jualan/unit 150 100 85 Kos bahan mentah/ unit (RM15/ ml) 60 45 37.5 Kos buruh/ unit (RM5/ jam) 20 17.5 15 Kos overhed berubah/unit 25 15 10 Maklumat daripada pembekal menunjukkan bahawa mereka dapat membekalkan hanya 50,000 ml bahan mentah untuk bulan hadapan. Pihak syarikat juga memperuntukkan hanya RM 200,000 nilai buruh disebabkan pemotongan belanjawan syarikat. c) Anda dikehendaki: i. Menentukan faktor yang terhad jika semua produk akan dijual [3 markah] ii. Menentukan berapa unit produk yang dapat dikeluarkan untuk setiap jenis minyak wangi untuk memperolehi keuntungan yang maksimum? [7 markah] 7 SULIT

C4 d) Senaraikan LIMA (5) faktor kualitatif yang perlu diambil kira oleh Vogue Enterprise untuk mengekalkan pengeluaran minyak wangi yang menunjukkan jualan yang terendah di pasaran. QUESTION 3 a) State TWO (2) advantages of preparing a budget. Questions (b) and (c) relate to the following information Rafeek Enterprise has prepared the budget for the year ended 31 st December 2016. Budget Number of production (Units) 50,000 RM Sales 600 000 Variable costs: Direct material 175,000 Direct labor 60,000 Manufacturing overhead 162,500 Total variable costs 397,500 Contribution Margin 202,500 Fixed costs: Depreciation 45,000 Repairs and maintenance 32,500 Salary 52,000 Advertising 17,000 Quit rent assessment 8,000 Total Fixed Costs 154,500 Total production costs 552,000 Net profit 48,000 Additional information: Salary and advertising expenses will increase by 5% for every 2,000 units of production increment. For the year ended 2016, the actual costs of production are as follow: Number of production (Units) 54,000 RM Sales 650,000 Variable costs: 8 SULIT

Direct material 195,000 Direct labor 61,500 Manufacturing overhead 165,250 Total variable costs 421,750 Contribution Margin 228,250 Fixed costs: Depreciation 45,000 Repairs and maintenance 37,000 Salary 52,150 Advertising 17,000 Quit rent assessment 8,000 Total Fixed Costs 159,150 Total production costs 580,900 Net profit 69,100 b) Prepare a flexible budget for 52,000 units and 54,000 units of production. (Show the calculations) [10 marks] c) Prepare a performance report for the year ended 31 st December 2016 by showing whether variance exist is favorable (F) or unfavorable (UF) [10 marks] SOALAN 3 a) Nyatakan DUA (2) kelebihan menyediakan belanjawan Soalan (b) dan (c) berkaitan dengan maklumat berikut : Rafeek Enterprise telah menyediakan belanjawan untuk tahun berakhir 31 Disember 2016. Belanjawan Unit pengeluaran (Unit) 50,000 RM Jualan 600,000 Kos berubah: Bahan langsung 175,000 Buruh langsung 60,000 Overhed pengeluaran 162,500 Jumlah Kos Berubah 397,500 Margin sumbangan 202,500 9 SULIT

Kos tetap: Susutnilai 45,000 Pembaikan dan penyelenggaran 32,500 Gaji 52,000 Pengiklanan 17,000 Cukai tanah dan pintu 8,000 Jumlah Kos tetap 154,500 Jumlah kos pengeluaran 552,000 Untung bersih 48,000 Maklumat tambahan: Belanja gaji dan pengiklanan akan meningkat sebanyak 5% bagi setiap peningkatan 2,000 unit pengeluaran.. Untuk tahun berakhir 2016, kos sebenar pengeluaran adalah seperti berikut: Unit pengeluaran (Unit) 54,000 RM Jualan 650,000 Kos berubah: Bahan langsung 195,000 Buruh langsung 61,500 Overhed pengeluaran 165,250 Jumlah Kos Berubah 421,750 Margin sumbangan 228,250 Kos tetap: Susutnilai 45,000 Pembaikan dan penyelenggaran 37,000 Gaji 52,150 Pengiklanan 17,000 Cukai tanah dan pintu 8,000 Jumlah Kos tetap 159,150 Jumlah kos pengeluaran 580,900 Untung bersih 69,100 b) Sediakan belanjawan fleksibel untuk 52,000 dan 54,000 unit pengeluaran. (Tunjukkan jalan pengiraan) [10 markah] c) Sediakan Laporan Prestasi untuk tahun berakhir 31 Disember 2016 dengan menunjukkan sama ada berlaku varian memuaskan (F) atau tidak memuaskan (UF). [10 markah] 10 SULIT

QUESTION 4 a) Define the following terms: i. Breakeven point [2 marks] ii. Margin of safety [3 marks] Questions (b) and (c) relate to the following information. KayuWood.My manufactures and sells handcrafted wooden button for local market in Malaysia. The company was in the process of preparing next year s budget. The budgeted Statement of Comprehensive Income for the current year is shown below : Revenue RM 1, 500,000 Cost of sales: Direct materials RM 250,000 Direct labor RM 150,000 Variable overhead RM 135,000 Fixed overhead RM 100,000 (RM 635, 000) Contribution margin RM 865, 000 Selling and administrative expense: Variable RM 200,000 Fixed RM 250,000 RM 450, 000 Operating income RM 415, 000 b) Calculate the breakeven point in unit and RM for KayuWood.My. The handcrafted wooden button is sold at RM 25 per unit. c) The company s accountant plans to have a profit of RM 874,000 in 2017. Besides, for the coming year the management KayuWood.My anticipates a 15% increase in variable costs and a RM 50,000 increase in fixed expenses.(use two decimal points in your calculation) i. How many wooden buttons must be sold to achieve expected profit in 2017? 11 SULIT

ii. What would be the new break-even point in unit and new net profit for the next year if the incremental cost happen? [10 marks] SOALAN 4 a) Definisikan terma-terma berikut: i. Titik pulang modal [2 markah] ii. Margin keselamatan [3 markah] Soalan (b) dan (c) berkaitan dengan maklumat berikut: KayuWood.My mengeluar dan menjual butang kayu buatan tangan untuk pasaran tempatan di Malaysia. Syarikat sedang dalam proses untuk menyediakan belanjawan pada tahun hadapan. Anggaran Penyata Pendapatan Komprehensif untuk tahun semasa adalah seperti dibawah: Pendapatan RM1,500,000 Kos Jualan: Bahan mentah langsung RM 250,000 Buruh langsung RM 150,000 Overhed berubah RM 135,000 Overhed tetap RM 100,000 (RM635,000) Margin sumbangan RM 865,000 Belanja jualan dan pentadbiran: Berubah RM 200,000 Tetap RM 250,000 RM450,000 Pendapatan operasi RM415,000 b) Kirakan titik pulang modal dalam unit dan RM untuk KayuWood.My. Butang kayu buatan tangan tersebut dijual pada harga RM 25 seunit.. 12 SULIT

c) Akauntan syarikat merancang untuk memperoleh keuntungan sebanyak RM 874,000 dalam tahun 2017. Selain daripada itu, untuk tahun berikutnya, pihak pengurusan KayuWood.My menjangkakan peningkatan sebanyak 15% untuk kos berubah dan peningkatan sebanyak RM 50,000 untuk kos tetap.(bundarkan kepada dua titik perpuluhan dalam pengiraan anda) i. Berapa banyak butang kayu yang perlu dijual untuk memperolehi jangkaan keuntungan dalam tahun 2017? ii. Apakah titik pulang modal dan untung bersih yang baru sekiranya kenaikan kos tersebut berlaku? [10 markah] SOALAN TAMAT 13 SULIT