ectue Sle Stae FT Aplfe: C Suce (CS) Aplfe The Bul Blck f Aal Ccut I I th lectue yu wll lea: Geeal aplfe ccept ( te f the twpt el) C uce aplfe (CS) Sall al el f aplfe C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety ee: Thee a Nt qualet Ccut Ce a abtay lea ccut: ea ccut It ca be epeete by ay tw f the fllw equalet ccut: TH TH I TH TH TH ITHTH C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety
Type f ea Aplfe Thee ae fu bac type f aplfe that we wll tuy th cue: ) ltae t ltae Aplfe ( jut ltae Aplfe) Ap a ut ) ltae t Cuet Aplfe ( Tacuctace Aplfe) Ap ut a 3) Cuet t Cuet Aplfe ( jut Cuet Aplfe) ut Ap a 4) Cuet t ltae Aplfe ( Tapeace Aplfe) Ap a ut C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety A ltae Aplfe: TwPt Aplfe Mel: A ltae Aplfe ea ccut ut A ut Ca be epeete a S ut A ut C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety
A ltae Aplfe: TwPt Aplfe Mel: A ltae Aplfe S ut A ut equeet: ae put etace Sall utput etace ut ut A S Iput ltae e ut Ouput ltae e Ope ccut utput ltae a (.e. whe = ): ut A ltae a C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety A Cuet Aplfe: TwPt Aplfe Mel: A Cuet Aplfe ut S A ut ut S A ut S ut equeet: Sall put etace ae utput etace ut Iput cuet e Ouput cuet e Sht ccut utput cuet a (.e. whe = ): ut A Cuet a C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 3
TwPt Aplfe Mel: A Tacuctace Aplfe A Tacuctace Aplfe ( a ltaetcuet Aplfe): S G ut ut ut G S ut ut equeet: ae put etace ae utput etace ut Iput ltae e Ouput cuet e Sht ccut utput cuet a tacuctace a (.e. whe = ): ut G Tacuctace a C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety TwPt Aplfe Mel: A Tapeace Aplfe A Tapeace ( a Taetace) Aplfe ( a Cuettltae Aplfe): S ut ut ut equeet: Sall put etace Sall utput etace ut ut S S ut Iput cuet e Ouput ltae e Ope ccut utput ltae a tapeace a (.e. whe = ): Tapeace a C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 4
TwPt Aplfe Mel: Geeal Ccept equalet t ut A ut A ut The twpt el ae equalet (tecetble) The eat f a aplfe a a ltae, cuet, tacuctace, tapeace aplfe epe the alue f the put a utput etace Nee t f the put etace, utput etace, pe ccut ltae a, a ht ccut cuet a t chaacteze a aplfe C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety Ulateal Netwk a TwPt Aplfe Mel F ay ccut a aplfe, the k f twpt el ecbe hee ae t tctly al S ut A ut ea: The put etace ca epe the la etace The utput etace ut ca epe the uce etace Ccut whch the abe e t happe, a f whch the twpt el ecbe hee ae tctly al, ae ulateal I ay cae, ee f ulateal etwk, twpt el ecbe hee te t be appxat f hacalculat C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 5
The C Suce Aplfe BS ut I ut BIAS S G I G S I ut The uce teal c betwee the put a the utput C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety BIAS The C Suce Aplfe C Ba Aaly (ae Sal Aaly): Make ue the utput la etace clue the C ba aaly Stat by au the FT atuat (a the late efy): S I I I G ut I G S I I ut I I BS ut I k k BIAS Cut ff BIAS Satuat ea BIAS BIAS C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 6
The C Suce Aplfe: Sall Sal Mel b a S Suce b b Bae b ut Cpae wth the taa ltae aplfe el: S ut A ut C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety The C Suce Aplfe: Sall Sal Mel b a S Suce b b Bae b ut Cpae wth the taa tacuctace aplfe el: S G ut ut C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 7
tet The C Suce Aplfe: Ope Ccut ltae Ga Suce b b a b Ope ccut ltae a a tapeace a: Bae T f the pe ccut ltae a the tapeace a e ut: ut ) ee the la etace at the utput that the ccut wll e ) The apply a tet ltae uce at the put ) The f the eult pe ccut utput ltae ) Take the at f the utput ltae a the put ltae t f the pe ccut ltae a: A ut ) O take the at f the utput ltae a the put cuet t f the tapeace a: ut Th eult ewhat atfcal ce at ze fequece thee wll be a fte put cuet ue t capactace C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety tet The C Suce Aplfe: Sht Ccut Cuet Ga Suce b b a b Sht ccut cuet a a tacuctace a: Bae T f the ht ccut cuet a the tacuctace a e ut: ut ) Sht the la etace at the utput that the ccut wll e ) The apply a tet ltae uce at the put ) The f the eult cuet at the hte utput ) Take the at f the utput a the put cuet t f the ht ccut cuet a: A ut f the CS aplfe (at C) Th eult ewhat atfcal ce at ze fequece thee wll be a fte put cuet ue t capactace ) O take the at f the utput cuet a the put ltae t f the tacuctace a: ut G C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 8
tet The C Suce Aplfe: Iput etace Suce Iput etace: T f the put etace e ut: b b a b Bae ) Make ue the la etace that the ccut wll e place at the utput ) The apply a tet ltae uce at the put ) The f the eult cuet at the put ) The take the at f the put ltae a the put cuet f the CS aplfe (at C) Th eult ewhat atfcal ce at ze fequece thee wll be a fte put cuet ue t capactace C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety S The C Suce Aplfe: Output etace Suce Output etace: T f the utput etace e ut: b b a b Bae tet tet ) ee the la etace a put a tet ltae uce t place ) Make ue the uce etace S place at the put ) The f the eult tet cuet at the utput ) The take the at f the tet ltae a the tet cuet tet Faly lae f the CS ut aplfe tet Aaly hw that CS a tacuctace aplfe! etace lk t the a e f a FT: C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 9
S The C Suce Aplfe: Cplete TwPt Mel b Suce b b Cpae wth the taa ltae aplfe el: a Bae b ut S ut A ut A ut Nw we ca ue the taa expe: ut A S ut C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety S The C Suce Aplfe: Cplete TwPt Mel b Suce b b a Bae b ut ut Cpae wth the taa tacuctace aplfe el: S G ut ut G ut Nw we ca ue the taa expe: ut G S ut ut C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety
The C Suce Aplfe: I atuat: Theefe: k k GS GS S GS GS S uh tate: Theefe: ~.5. GS ~.5. ~ 8 GS C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety The C Suce Aplfe wth Suce eeeat BS ut I ut BIAS S G I G S I ut I I I I I GS BIAS I C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety I k k GS GS
C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety a Suce ut tet CS Aplfe wth Suce eeeat: Ope Ccut ltae Ga b b Bae Ope ccut ltae a: ut ut ut A A euce whe peet b C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety a Suce ut tet CS Aplfe wth Suce eeeat: Tacuctace Ga b b Bae Tacuctace a: ut ut ut G G euce whe peet b
S CS Aplfe wth Suce eeeat: Output etace Suce Output etace: tet b b a C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety tet Bae tet tet b tet tet tet tet ceae whe peet tet ut tet elat t eebe F ay all al aplfe el, the fllw alway hl: (Tacuctace) X (Output etace) = (Ope ccut ltae a) (Tapeace) / (Output etace) = (Sht ccut cuet a) The abe fllw f the equalet Thee a Nt el f the aplfe ***All quatte ut be calculate au the ae alue f (typcally ze) C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 3
C 35 Sp 7 Faha aa Cell Uety 4