London Borough of Hackney

London Borough of Hackney 211-12 Actuals and 212-13 Estimates Comparison group: (s) (x) (f) (k) (t) (m) (u) (z) (a) (g) (w) (e) (r) (h) (n) Southwark Lambeth Tower Hamlets Lewisham Haringey Greenwich Newham Brent Islington Waltham Forest Hounslow Ealing Barking & Dagenham Camden Merton Page 1 12/12/212

FOREWORD I am pleased to be able to present the second edition of the CIPFAstats Comparative Profile for Public Library Services. These profiles provide a comprehensive analysis of public libraries data covering all the major topics collected in the CIPFAstats Public Libraries collection. This means that there should be something for everyone interested in the running of public library services. The analysis is simple and non-judgemental. You will not find any quartiles, traffic lights or subjective commentary. Instead the report seeks to visualise the data and to enable readers to draw their own conclusions. The "Executive Report" acts as a high level summary, but is also designed as an introduction to the whole report. Most readers will find reading through these pages helpful as an introduction to the style and logic of the more detailed pages. It is pleasing that DCMS have seen fit to commission these profiles for all English library authorities enabling local authorities and the public access to these reports without charge. This will aid everyone interested in public library services to ask informed questions and come up with informed proposals for how the services should be delivered in the future. We hope you find this report interesting and helpful. If you have any comments, suggestions or queries then CIPFA would be delighted to hear from you (please see appendix 5 for contact details). Kind regards, Ian Watson Lancashire County Council Chair of the CIPFA Public Library Statistics Working Party Page 2 12/12/212

INTRODUCTION The aim of the profile is to provide management information for decision makers involved in providing the libraries service. Due to the wide range of topics covered, the report will have a broad appeal and should be of interest to members, librarians and officers. This profile compares your authority's library service figures from the 212 CIPFAstats collection with the group of authorities specified on the title page. This is the second year of the profile, CIPFA would greatly appreciate your feedback and suggestions on how we can make the profiles more interesting and useful. INDEX Executive Summary Page 4 Section A - Libraries & Library Users Page 7 Section B - Resourcing Page 14 Section C - Workload Page 23 Section D - Stock Page 29 Section E - Performance Page 39 Appendices Page 44 Approach to missing data 96% of UK Library Authorities (97% in England) provided data for the 212 CIPFAstats Public Library Statistics. Authorities who did not provide data are excluded from these comparisions completely. In a small number of cases authorities have provided totals (e.g. for costs), but not a complete breakdown. In such cases the breakdown has been estimated by techniques such as apportionment or comparison to previous years' figures. In a small number of cases authorities have not provided other pieces of information. Where CIPFA felt this value was important an estimation has been made. In no cases does this estimated data constitute more than 15% of the data used in a comparision. Should any authority not be fully happy with estimates provided for their authority we will be very happy to produce a new report for them using new data supplied by that authority. If you have any queries about our approach please do not hesitate to contact us: libraries@cipfa.org Page 3 12/12/212

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Comparing Hackney with 15 Other Library Authorities This summary provides an overview of the key indicators from the main report along with a few points of current interest, showing how your authority's library service compares against other authorities. Unless specified otherwise all data relates to 211-12 Actuals. A: Libraries and Library Users 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Number of Libraries (31/3/12) m h e s k w x u t r a g n f d z The chart on the left compares the number of libraries your authority has with the other authorities in the comparison. Hackney has 8 libraries (the bar highlighted in black) compared to an average of 1 libraries (as shown by the horizontal line). Each pale bar represents one of the authorities in the comparator group. Hackney has one of the lowest numbers of libraries within the group giving an indication of the scale of the library service. For more information about this type of chart please see appendix 1. 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Population ('s) e z u x s k g f t m w d h a n r Population is an important figure in this report as we use it as a denominator to adjust for the size of the authority (see next chart). Hackney is the 5th smallest of the 16 authorities compared here (in terms of population). 25 2 15 1 5 Number of Active Borrowers per 1, population m a s w h t n e f d r k g z u x The number of active borrowers per 1, population is a key indication of how well the library service engages with the public. Hackney is in a lower quartile suggesting that the library service does not engage as well with the population when compared to the other authorities. Please see appendix 1 for further details on quartiles. Page 4 12/12/212

B: Resourcing 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, Total Revenue Expenditure per 1, population h f a d s r x k e t u n m w z g Total revenue expenditure per 1, population is a key cost indicator. Figures in the graph opposite are 211-12 actuals. Hackney comes out as being at the higher end of the comparison, which suggests that it should compare its costs to other authorities to see if there are any ways it could learn from their approaches. Total Revenue Expenditure per 1, population: Time Series 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 212-13 Hackney Average The line chart plots the total revenue expenditure per 1, population over the last four years and shows the estimated figure for 212-13. The population figure used for all years is the mid-year 211 figure, so the changes in value relate to changes in expenditure only. For most authorities a drop can be seen in the 212-13 estimates. 25.% 2.% Volunteer hours as a % of volunteer hours plus employee hours One well publicised approach that library authorities are taking is using volunteers. 15.% 1.% 5.% Hackney had.9% of 'worked hours' provided by volunteers in 211-12 compared to an average of 2.5%..% n k w t d r h u e f s z x m g a Page 5 12/12/212

C: Workload 12, 1, Physical Visits for Library Purposes per 1, population The number of visits per 1, population is a strong indicator of workload faced by the authority. 8, 6, 4, It is also another measure of engagement and offers a more complete picture as it will include other reasons for visiting the library as well as borrowing. 2, h f r s w t a d k m n g e u z x 5, 4,5 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 Total Book Issues per 1, population s n w a r f e t h m z g d u k x This chart compares another core library activity, providing an indicator for both workload and the demand placed on the library book stock. D: Stock 2, 1,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 Total Book Stock per 1, population h r t n d e a s w f k m g z x u This chart compares the overall book stock level of the library service. E: Performance 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Percentage supplied within 7 days t n a w m s x r d u e k g z f h Hackney successfully supplied 43% of book requests within 7 days of request. This was about about average for the group of authorities compared. Page 6 12/12/212

SECTION A: LIBRARIES AND LIBRARY USERS This section compares the information on numbers of libraries, opening hours, library users, visits and electronic access. 7 Total Service Points per 1, population 6 5 4 3 2 1 h m r a s k w e n t g x d u f z (See page 8 for details) Section Contents Page 8 A1: Service Points Number of service points Busiest service points Page 9 A2: Population Density Comparisons for static & mobile libraries % authorities without mobile libraries Page 1 A3: Opening Hours Distribution of opening hours Opening hours at busiest service points Page 11 A4: Library Users Number of active borrows Number of housebound readers Number of visits Electronic counters Visits to website Page 13 A5: Electronic Workstations Number of terminals Number of hours available & recorded Public wi-fi access Page 7 12/12/212

at 31 March 212 A1: Service Points Number / 1k pop Average Mobile Libraries Static Service Points Total Service Points Population..1 8 3.2 4. 8 3.2 4.1 Authority Average 247,2 26,925 16 Total Service Points 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 m h e s k w x u t r a g n f d z 7 Total Service Points per 1, population 6 5 4 3 2 1 h m r a s k w e n t g x d u f z Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 1 to 7, ONS Population Estimates Mid 211 211-12 Actuals Busiest Service Points Busiest Service Point (Issues): Hackney Central Busiest Service Point (Visits): Hackney Central Authority Average Authority Average Issues per annum 228,8 238,275 Visits per annum 584,98 522,583 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, Issues per annum e s f w t n m a d u g k z r h x 1,, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Visits per annum w f t r s d m z e g h k a u x n Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 13 & 14 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 15 & 16 Page 8 12/12/212

A2: Population Density 211-12 Actuals Population Density and Number of Service Points In urban areas of high population density a small number of service points will be able to provide service to a large population. In rural areas more service points will be required to enable the population to have easy access. The scatter plots below compare these two factors. For all UK library authorities it can be seen that as population density increases (on the horizontal axis), the number of libraries per 1, population tends to be lower. As these charts are strongly effected by outliers, values for population density are capped at 12 and service points per 1, population capped at 18. and 3. for static service points and mobile libraries respectively. Population Density Authority Median 129.8 82.3 Static Service Points per 1, population 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Static Service Points Comparator Group Hackney. 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 Population Density.6.5 Mobile Libraries Comparator Group Hackney Mobile Libraries per 1, population.4.3.2.1. 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 Population Density Mobile Libraries Number / 1k pop Average 25.% Mobile Libraries..1.6 Mobile libraries per 1, population.5.4.3 75.%.2.1. n h t m z x w u s r k g f e d a % Authorities with no mobile libraries % Authorities with mobile libraries Page 9 12/12/212

A3: Opening Hours 211-12 Actuals Hours Open Service Points / 1, population % in Each Band Authority Average Authority Average Authority Average All Libraries < 1...%.% Mobile Libraries >1 1..1.% 2.3% Static: 1-29 Static: 3-44 Static: 45-59 Static: >6 Total 4..4 1 4.4 1.5 4 2 1.6 1.4 3 1.2.7 8.% 7.2% 12.5% 33.8% 5.% 36.6% 37.5% 2.1% 6% 5% Percentage of libraries in each opening hours band Hackney Comparator Group 4% 3% 2% 1% % All Libraries < 1 Mobile Libraries >1 Static: 1-29 Static: 3-44 Static: 45-59 Static: >6 Weekly Opening Hours Opening Hours - Busiest Service Points Busiest Service Point (Issues): Hackney Central Busiest Service Point (Visits): Hackney Central 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Opening Hours at the Busiest Service (Issues) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Opening Hours at the Busiest Service (Visits) r f s z g t u h k d m e a w x n k r f z s g t u h d e a w x n m Hackney 61. Average: 62.1 Hackney 61. Average: 62.8 Page 1 12/12/212

211-12 Actuals A4: Library Users Number /1, pop Average Active Borrowers Housebound Readers 39,313 159 165 69 2.8 1.7 25 Number of Active Borrowers 2 15 1 5 m a s w h t n e f d r k g z u x 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Number of Housebound Readers per 1, population m d w h k s r e a x t n f u z g Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 91, 92 Physical Visits for Library Purposes 12, Physical Visits for Library Purposes 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, h f r s w t a d k m n g e u z x Physical Visits 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Number per 1, pop Average 1,435,564 6,846 6,92 1,412,451 6,656 7,7 1,368,623 6,336 7,135 1,559,58 7,115 6,686 1,547,549 6,26 6,485 7,4 7,2 7, 6,8 6,6 6,4 6,2 6, 5,8 Physical Visits per 1, population 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Hackney Average Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 93 and equivalent for previous years Page 11 12/12/212

211-12 Actuals S.P. with Electronic Counters A4: Library Users (continued) Authority Average Number per 1, pop Average 1% 95% Visits to Website 165,674 67 798 1% 8% 6% Percentage of Service Points with Electronic Counters 2,5 2, 1,5 Visits to Website per 1, population 4% 1, 2% 5 % z w u k f d a m h e s x t r g n f h w m k r g d t s n a x e z u Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 96 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 97 Website Visits 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Number per 1, pop Average 48,849 233 671 56,692 2,642 1,445 486,759 2,254 1,1 154,878 77 966 165,674 67 798 Website Visits per 1, population 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Hackney Average Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 97 and equivalent for previous years Page 12 12/12/212

A5: Electronic Workstations 211-12 Actuals Number per 1, pop Average Number per 1, pop Average Terminals 25 82.9 74.7 Hours Available 48,463 1,652 1,66 16 14 Number of Terminals per 1, population 3,5 3, Number of Hours Available per 1, population 12 1 8 6 4 2 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 h r m f d n k t g s a x w u z e h r g t n m k s d f a w z e x u Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 17 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 18 per 1, pop Average Authority Average Hrs Recorded 234,652 949 843 Service Points with Wi-Fi Access 1% 52% 1,6 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 Number of Hours Recorded per 1, population h r s t w d g n m a k f z x u e 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Percentage of Service Points with Public Wi-Fi Access z k f d h t g s m w r x a u n e Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 19 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 2 Page 13 12/12/212

SECTION B: RESOURCING This section examines levels of expenditure, staffing and the use of volunteers. 45, 4, Revenue Expenditure Total Revenue per 1, Expenditure population 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, h f a d s r x k e t u n m w z g (See page 15 for details) Section Contents Page 15 B1: Financial Information (Actuals) Net expenditure, revenue expenditure & income Revenue expenditure breakdown Revenue income breakdown Page 18 B2: Cost Indicators Various cost indicators Page 19 B3: Financial Information (Estimates) Net expenditure, revenue expenditure & income % expenditure on staff and materials Page 2 B4: Staffing Staff per 1k population Professional & other paid staff Staff costs per employee Electronic counters Visits to website Page 22 B5: Volunteers Analysis of numbers and hours Page 14 12/12/212

B1: Financial Information (Actuals) 211-12 Actuals Revenue Expenditure Revenue Income Net Expenditure per 1, pop Average 7,584,666 3,682 23,794 (154,521) (625) (2,95) 7,43,145 3,57 21,699 graphs shown per 1, population 4, Net Expenditure 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, h d a f s x k r e t u n m z g w Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 126, 136 & 137 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Total Revenue Expenditure h f a d s r x k e t u n m w z g Revenue Income f r t h n m s w a u z e k g d x Revenue Expenditure 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 212-13 (Estimates) per 1, pop Average 7,255,841 34,193 26,346 7,121,21 32,969 26,469 7,153,41 32,634 26,652 7,584,666 3,682 23,794 7,144,95 28,94 21,897 Revenue Expenditure per 1, population: Time Series 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 212-13 Hackney Average Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 126 and equivalent for previous years Page 15 12/12/212

Revenue Expenditure (211-12 Actuals) Employees Premises Total Materials Computing Costs Other Supplies & Services Transport Third Party Payments Support Service Costs Total Revenue Expenditure graphs show expenditure per 1, population per 1, pop Average 3,173,868 12,839 11,777 973,355 3,938 2,524 45,365 1,822 1,629 14,289 422 546 687,22 2,78 1,255 9,72 39 81 181 2,185,885 8,843 5,83 7,584,666 3,682 23,794 2, 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Employees h a f s d k t r e x m g z w u n 1, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Premises f r d t s u w z e x n m g k h a 3, Total Materials 3,5 Computing Costs 2,5 3, 2, 1,5 1, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 5 s f h a e d z u n r m k g t x w s e w n m f g a d t x z k h u r 4, Other Supplies & Services 4 Transport 3,5 35 3, 3 2,5 25 2, 2 1,5 15 1, 1 5 5 f d r s k h w a e t g n m z x u h m s k a f g t x d w e n r z u 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 Third Party Payments r x n s z g w u t m k h f e d a 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Support Service Costs h x a d u n k f s e m t r w g z Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 1 to 126 Page 16 12/12/212

graphs shown per 1, population Revenue Income (211-12 Actuals) Overdue Charges Hire of Audio & Visual Materials Specific Grants Receipts from the Public Corporate Income Other Income Total Revenue Income per 1, pop Average (54,338) (22) (247) (26,316) (16) (177) (2,827) (11) (81) (16,651) (67) (327) (3) (1) (914) (54,89) (219) (348) (154,521) (625) (2,95) 4 Overdue Charges 7 Hire of Audio & Visual Materials 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 6 5 4 3 2 1 n s e a t f h w m d u g z x r k a t s m g e n u k d h r x w f z 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Specific Grants m s t k r e d g z x w u n h f a 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 Receipts from the Public r n h t w s m e k x a f d g z u 8, Corporate Income 1,2 Other Income 7, 6, 5, 1, 8 4, 6 3, 2, 1, 4 2 f r h z t m n s k e d x w u g a u w t a f s n g e r d z k h m x Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 127 to 136 Page 17 12/12/212

B2: Cost Indicators p Average p Average Average Cost per Book 6.95 6.89 Cost per Visitor 4.9 3.67 Average cost per book acquisition. Revenue expenditure divided by visitor number. 12 Average Cost per Acquisition (Books) 9 Cost per Visitor 1 8 8 7 6 6 4 5 4 3 2 w k m n x h e f z r d g s a u t 2 1 x d a f e h u s k r n z g m t w Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Sum of Cells 12 to 16 divided by Cell 36 Cell 126 divided by Cell 93 % Average % Average % Employee Expenditure 42% 49% % Material Expenditure 6% 7% 8% 7% Employee Expenditure as a % of Revenue Expenditure 14% 12% Material Expenditure as a % of Revenue Expenditure 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% % g z w m t k a e h s r f d u x n % z s e n u g m a f h t d k r x w Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 1 as a percentage of Cell 126 Cell 12 as a percentage of Cell 126 % Average % Support Services 29% 24% 5% 45% 4% 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % Support Service Costs as a % of Revenue Expenditure x h u n a d k e s m f t w r g z Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 125 as a percentage of Cell 126 Page 18 12/12/212

graphs shown per 1, population B3: Financial Information (212-13 Estimates) Net Expenditure Employees Premises Supplies & Services - Materials Other Expenditure Revenue Expenditure Revenue Income Net Expenditure per 1, pop Average 3,94,492 12,518 1,979 1,32,847 5,27 2,76 475,279 1,923 1,718 2,272,332 9,192 6,44 7,144,95 28,94 21,897 (214,24) (867) (2,264) 6,93,746 28,37 19,633 35, 3, 25, 2, Net Expenditure 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, Total Revenue Expenditure f a h d s r k t u e w n m g x z 15, 1, 5, f a d h s k r e t w u n m g x z 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Total Revenue Income r f u h t a s n m w e z k d g x Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 14 to 144 212-13 Estimates % Average 212-13 Estimates % Average % Employee Expenditure 43% 5% % Material Expenditure 7% 8% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% Employee Expenditure as a % of Revenue Expenditure 14% 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% Material Expenditure as a % of Revenue Expenditure % x z m w t g e k s a f h d r n u % z m g t n x e u s r f d h a k w Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 14 as a percentage of Cell 144 Cell 142 as a percentage of Cell 144 Page 19 12/12/212

at 31 March 212 B4: Staffing FTE per 1, pop Average Professional Staff All Other Staff Total Staff 18. 7.3 5.7 81.5 33. 32.6 99.5 4.3 38.3 14 12 Professional Staff per 1, population 1 8 6 7 6 5 4 Total Staff per 1, population 4 2 a t k d h s r z e w x m g n f u 3 2 1 h k f a d r w s x e u m t g n z 7 6 5 Other Paid Staff per 1, population 4 3 2 1 h f k a x w d u r e s m g n t z Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 62 to 64 This tree diagram analyses professional and other staff as a percentage of total staff. Your authority's value is followed by the average value in italics. Professional Staff 18.1% 14.8% Total Staff All Other Paid Staff 81.9% 85.2% Page 2 12/12/212

B4: Staffing (continued) Employee Costs per Employee 5, 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 31,898 Average 31,445 Employee Costs per Employee z t g a s m d f r e h n x w k u.7 Employees per 1, population.6.5.4.3.2.1. h k f a d r w s x e u m t g n z 2, Employee Costs per 1, population 15, 1, Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 1 divided by Cell 64 5, h a f s d k t r e x m g z w u n All Staff 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 FTE per 1, pop Average 123.5.59.47 121.9.57.47 122..56.44 12..55.44 99.5.4.38 Staff Numbers per 1, population: Time Series.7.6.5.4.3.2.1. 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Hackney Average Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 64 and equivalent for previous years Page 21 12/12/212

211-12 Actuals 6 5 4 3 B5: Volunteers Number of Volunteers Volunteers Volunteer Hours Average Hours per Volunteer Number Average 26 8 1,486 3,955 57.2 65.1 2 1 n k u t r e d w s f h z x m g a 35, Number of Volunteer Hours 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, k n w h t d u r e f s x z m g a 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Number of Hours per Volunteer m g a w h x k d f n s t e r z u Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 65 & 66 The section below uses 1,625 hours as the annual hours worked by a full-time member of staff. We use this to compare hours provided by paid staff and volunteers. The two charts below compare the volunteers to the total of paid staff and volunteers. FTE Average % Average % Hours worked by volunteers.9% 2.5% Volunteers as % headcount 2.7% 25.1% 25.% 2.% 15.% 1.% 5.%.% Volunteer hours as a % of volunteer hours plus employee hours n k w t d r h u e f s z x m g a 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Number of volunteers as a % of volunteer headcount plus employee headcount n k u t r d e z w s f h x m g a Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 65 & 66 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 65 & 66 Volunteers 27-8 28-9 29-1 Number 38 34 32 Average 9 14 25 21-11 19 28 211-12 26 8 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 65 and equivalent for previous years 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Number of Volunteers: Time Series 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Hackney Average Page 22 12/12/212

SECTION C: WORKLOAD This section examines issues and stock turn for books and other items along with requests, enquiries and loans. 5, 4,5 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 Book issues Total per Book 1, Issues population s n w a r f e t h m z g d u k x (See page 24 for details) Section Contents Page 24 C1: Book Issues Split by children/adult and fiction/non-fiction Page 25 C2: Stock Turn Split by children/adult and fiction/non-fiction Page 26 C3: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Issues Split by various categories Page 28 C4: Request Service Total and online Page 28 C5: Enquiries Total and online Page 28 C6: Inter-Library Loans Supplied and received Page 23 12/12/212

211-12 Actuals C1: Book Issues Number /1, pop Average 2,5 Adult Fiction Issues Adult Fiction Adult Non-Fiction Children's Fiction Children's Non-Fiction Total Book Issues 216,376 875 1,137 192,916 78 883 236,816 958 1,183 39,875 161 26 685,983 2,775 3,463 2, 1,5 1, 5 graphs shown per 1, population m r s a w h f n t e g d u k z x 5, Total Book Issues 4,5 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 s n w a r f e t h m z g d u k x Breakdown of issues (percentage). Your authority's value is followed by the average value in italics. 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 2, 1,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 Adult Non-Fiction Issues h s a t n f e w r d z u g m k x Children's Fiction Issues n s w e f t r z g a k d x u h m Book Issues Adult Fiction 31.5% 32.8% Adult Non-Fiction 28.1% 25.5% Children's Fiction 34.5% 34.2% Children's Non-Fiction 5.8% 7.5% Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 68 to 72 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Children's Non-Fiction Issues n w e s a r f h z t u k g m d x Page 24 12/12/212

C2: Stock Turn 211-12 Actuals Number Average Adult Fiction 2. 3.4 Adult Non-Fiction Children's Fiction Children's Non-Fiction 1.9 2.6 2.9 4. 1.1 2. 7. 6. Adult Fiction Stock Turn Total Book Issues 2.1 3.1 5. 4. Number of books issued divided by the book stock (i.e. the average number of times each book was issued during the year). 3. 2. 1.. m a w n s z g f t x r u k e h d 4.5 Adult Non-Fiction Stock Turn 4. 3.5 4.5 Total Book Issue Stock Turn 3. 2.5 4. 3.5 3. 2. 1.5 1..5 2.5 2.. a s z u f x n w k t g m e r d h 1.5 1. 7. Children's Fiction Stock Turn.5 6.. 5. a s m w z n f u x g t k e r h d 4. 3. 2. 1.. w s n x u z a g f e t k m r d h 3.5 Children's Non-Fiction Stock Turn 3. 2.5 2. 1.5 1..5. u a s g f e z x w h n m k r t d Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 68 to 72 divided by Cells 23 to 27 respectively Page 25 12/12/212

211-12 Actuals C3: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Issues Number /1, pop Avg Sound Recordings Music Adult Talking Books Children's Talking Books Video & DVDs Multimedia & Open Learning CD-ROMs & Software Electronic Products ebooks eaudio eaudiovisuals Total Audio Visual Issues 9,796 367.3 14.6 21,315 86.2 85.6 7,766 31.4 22.3 162,468 657.2 242.2 4,59 16.4 12.1 55.2 3.8 1,391 5.6 8.9 884 3.6 5.9. 9.9 288,734 1,168. 495.3 graph shown per 1, population 1,6 Total Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Issues 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 a d f t s m u r h w n k g e x z Music 31.4% 21.1% Adult Talking Books 7.4% 17.3% Children's Talking Books 2.7% 4.5% Videos & DVDs Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Issues 56.3% 48.9% Multimedia & Open Learning 1.4% 2.5% CD-ROMs & Software.%.8% ebooks.5% 1.8% eaudio.3% 1.2% eaudiovisuals.% 2.% Page 26 12/12/212

Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 73 to 82 graphs shown per 1, population C3: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Issues (continued) 5 Music Issues 25 Adult Talking Book Issues 4 2 3 15 2 1 1 5 a d t f s r u h m k w x g e z n r a m t s w d h f k g n x u z e 6 5 4 3 2 1 Children's Talking Book Issues n s a t d e f k x w u g r m h z 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Video & DVD Issues a d t f s m u h e n w x z k g r 8 Multimedia & Open Learning Pack Issues 1 ebook Issues 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 g t d s f a w u n k h e x r z m 8 6 4 2 f r z t u k h d m x n w s g e a 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 eaudio Issues f x d k z m h r t u n w s g e a 16. 14. 12. 1. 8. 6. 4. 2.. eaudiovisual Issues f h z x w u t s r n m k g e d a Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 73 to 82 Page 27 12/12/212

C4: Request Service 211-12 Actuals Number per 1, pop Average Number per 1, pop Average Requests 51,546 29 graphs shown per 1, population 139 Online Requests 48,237 195 92 35 Number of Requests for Specific Items 3 Number of Online Requests 3 25 2 15 1 25 2 15 1 5 5 a r f d u h s e t x z n g w k m w u n g f e r d a s z h x t k m Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 83 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 84 C5: Enquiries 211-12 Actuals Number per 1, pop Average Number per 1, pop Average Enquiries 57,36 graphs shown per 1, population 232 1,213 Online Enquiries 27,75 112.3 142.3 4, Number of Enquiries 35 Number of Online Enquiries 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 3 25 2 15 1 5 z x u t r n k h g f e a w s m d z x u t r n h g f e a k s d w m Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 88 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 89 C6: Inter-Library Loans 211-12 Actuals Number per 1, pop Average Number per 1, pop Average Loans Supplied 21.8 1.2 Loans Received 85 graphs shown per 1, population.3 1.7 7. Supplied 7. Received 6. 6. 5. 5. 4. 4. 3. 3. 2. 2. 1. 1.. e h w a m r n d s z g u f t x k. x a k h e s w n m r d z f g t u Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 98 Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cell 99 Page 28 12/12/212

SECTION D: STOCK This section examines issues and stock turn for books and other items along with requests, enquiries and loans. Book Stock at 31 March 212 (Stock per 1, population) Children's Non-Fiction Adult Fiction 5 4 3 2 1 Adult Non-Fiction Avg Hackney (See page 3 for details) Children's Fiction Section Contents Page 3 D1: Book Stock Split by children/adult and fiction/non-fiction Page 32 D2: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Stock Split by various categories Page 35 D3: Book Acquisitions Split by children/adult and fiction/non-fiction Page 36 D4: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Acquisitions Split by various categories Page 37 D5: All Acquisitions (Books & Audio Visual) Trendline Page 38 D6: Lending Stock Replenishment Rate Overall replenishment rate Page 29 12/12/212

D1: Book Stock Summary Book Stock at 31 March 212 Children's Non-Fiction Adult Fiction 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Adult Non-Fiction Children's Fiction Avg Hackney Books per 1, population, see next page for detail. This tree diagram analyses each type of stock as a percentage of total book stock. Your authority's value is followed by the average value in italics. Reference Books 8.2% 7.9% Adult Fiction 32.8% 3.4% Book Stock Lending Stock 87.8% 86.4% Adult Non-Fiction 31.5% 31.% Children's Fiction 24.8% 27.% Reserve Stock 4.% 5.7% Children's Non-Fiction 1.8% 11.6% Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 22 to 29 Page 3 12/12/212

D1: Book Stock (continued) 4 Reference Book Stock at 31 March 212 Reference Books Lending Stock Adult Fiction Adult Non-Fiction Children's Fiction No. /1, pop Avg 3,494 16,879 123 432 11 337 12,713 416 345 8,89 327 299 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 n r a d t h k e x s f w u g z m Children's Non-Fiction Reserve Stock Total Book Stock 35,35 143 129 14,878 6 74 371,24 1,52 1,285 6 5 4 Adult Fiction Stock graphs shown per 1, population 3 2 1 r h d s e f m a t w u k n g z x 2, Total Book Stock 1,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 h r t n d e a s w f k m g z x u 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Children's Fiction Stock r t e n f d k s z g h a w m x u 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Adult Non-Fiction Stock h t e r d n w f s a g m z u k x 4 35 3 Reserve Stock 3 25 2 Children's Non-Fiction Stock 25 2 15 1 5 t a x m w k d n s e z u r h g f 15 1 5 n w r e t d s h k z a f m u g x Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 22 to 29 Page 31 12/12/212

D2: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Stock Stock at 31 March 212 Reference 14 eaudiovisuals 12 Music 1 8 eaudio 6 Adult - Talking Books 4 2 ebooks Children - Talking Books Reserve Video/DVD Software Multimedia Avg Hackney Stock per 1, population, see next page for detail. This tree diagram analyses each type of stock as a percentage of total audio visual stock. Your authority's value is followed by the average value in italics. For Reference Music.% 8.% 4.6% 33.7% Adult Talking Books 12.7% 15.8% Children's Talking Books 3.7% 5.7% Videos & DVDs Audio, Visual, 36.% 35.7% Electronic & Lending Stock Multimedia & Open Learning Packs Other Stock 1.% 89.7% 1.2% 3.6% CD-ROMs & Software.1%.5% ebooks 2.3% 2.3% eaudio 3.3% 1.5% eaudiovisuals Reserve Stock.% 1.2%.% 2.3% Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 37 to 49 Page 32 12/12/212

D2: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Stock (continued) at 31 March 212 Number per 1, pop Avg For Reference Lending Stock Sound - Music Sound - Adult Talking Books Sound - Children's Talking Books Video & DVDs Multimedia & Open Learning CD-ROMs & Software Electronic - ebooks Electronic - eaudio Electronic - eaudiovisuals Reserve Stock Total Audio Visual Stock. 15.. 15. 31,79 125.7 56.5 9,751 39.4 26.6 2,823 11.4 9.5 27,55 111.4 6. 954 3.9 6. 76.3.8 1,783 7.2 3.8 2,53 1.1 2.5. 2.. 4.3 76,519 39.5 22.1 graph shown per 1, population 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Total Audio Visual Stock m d a t h f r s k w g u n e z x Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 37 to 49 Page 33 12/12/212

D2: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Stock (continued) graphs shown per 1, population 25. 2. 15. 1. 5.. Reference Stock m r a s u x z w t n k h g f e d 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Music Stock a d t r h s k f m w g u e n x z 6 5 4 3 2 1 Adult Talking Book Stock r d f m g h a s t k n u z e x w 3 25 2 15 1 5 Children's Talking Book Stock e t s d a n r g k m h x f z w u 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Video & DVD Stock t a d m h s u w f g r n k z x e 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Multimedia & Open Learning Pack Stock w e g t a d n f u h r k x s z m 3. 2.5 2. 1.5 1..5. CD-ROM & Software Stock a f z r k s h e u x d n w t m g 25 ebooks 12 eaudio 2 15 1 5 1 8 6 4 2 f z d r m h t k x a w u s n g e d z r f x m h k t n w u s g e a 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 eaudiovisuals f h t z x w u s r n m k g e d a 5 4 3 2 1 Reserve Stock m n u k z t x w s r h g f e d a Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 37 to 49 Page 34 12/12/212

211-12 Actuals graphs shown per 1, population D3: Book Acquisitions 12 Adult Fiction Acquisitions Number per 1, pop Average 1 Reference Books 736 3. 1.7 8 Lending Stock 6 Adult Fiction 17,72 69.1 55.5 4 Adult Non-Fiction 9,417 38.1 39.5 2 Children's Fiction Children's Non-Fiction 1,288 41.6 45.9 4,355 17.6 12.2 s u k f d a e z h r x n m g t w Total Book Acquisitions 41,868 169.4 154.8 12 Adult Non-Fiction Acquisitions 1 8 35 Total Book Acquisitions 6 3 4 25 2 2 15 s f a e u z n d h r k t x g m w 1 5 5 s f k u a e d z h r n x t g m w Reference Book Acquisitions 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Children's Fiction Acquisitions f s k e z a u h d r g x t n w m 4 2 Children's Non-Fiction Acquisitions 3 15 2 1 1 h x d m a t k n e f s z w g r u 5 f d n s u k w e h z r a t x g m This tree diagram analyses each type of stock as a percentage of total book acquisitions. Your authority's value is followed by the average value in italics. Reference Books Adult Fiction 1.8% 1.1% 41.5% 36.3% Adult Non-Fiction Book Acquisitions Lending Stock 98.2% 98.9% 22.9% 25.8% Children's Fiction 25.% 3.% Children's Non-Fiction 1.6% 8.% Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 3 to 36 Page 35 12/12/212

D4: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Acquisitions 211-12 Actuals graphs shown per 1, population 2.5 2. Reference Acquisitions Number per 1, pop Avg 1.5 For Reference..2 1. Lending Stock.5 Sound - Music Sound - Adult Talking Books 2, 8.1 3.9 83 3.4 2.3. r a x z w u t s n m k h g f e d Sound - Children's Talking Books Video & DVDs CD-ROMs, Software & Multimedia * ebooks eaudio eaudiovisuals Total Audio Visual Acquisitions 56 3,44 3 1,552 342 9,24 2.3 13.9 1.2 6.3 1.4. 36.5 1.2 9.2.4 1.8.6.7 2. 5 Total Audio Visual Acquisitions 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 a s d f m t k z h e u x n r g w 2 15 1 5 5 4 3 2 1 Music Acquisitions a s d k f h t r u m x z n e w g Adult Talking Book Acquisitions z a d r m k h f x s t g u n e w 1 8 6 4 2 ebook Acquisitions 4. 3.5 3. 2.5 2. 1.5 1..5. Children's Talking Book Acquisitions s d a e t m k x n g u z r h w f f d m z h t r k x w u s n g e a 25 Video & DVD Acquisitions 2 * 14. eaudio & eaudiovisual Acquisitions 12. 1. 8. 6. 4. 2.. f x d m h z t k r w u s n g e a Includes CD-ROMs & Software, Multimedia & Open Learning Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 5 to 61 15 1 5 1.6 1.4 1.2 1..8.6.4.2. a s m d e u t n g f z x h k r w CD-ROMs, Software & Multimedia Acquisitions* s d x w t z k e u n r h a m g f Page 36 12/12/212

D4: Audio, Visual, Electronic & Other Acquisitions (continued) This tree diagram analyses each type of stock as a percentage of total audio visual acquisitions. Your authority's value is followed by the average value in italics. For Reference Music.%.8% 22.2% 19.4% Adult Talking Books 9.2% 11.5% Children's Talking Books 6.2% 5.8% Videos & DVDs Audio, Visual, 38.1% 45.7% Electronic & Lending Stock Multimedia & Open Learning Packs Other Acquisitions 1.% 1.% 3.3% 1.4% CD-ROMs & Software.%.5% ebooks 17.2% 9.1% eaudio 3.8% 3.% eaudiovisuals.% 3.5% Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 5 to 61 D5: All Acquisitions (Books and Audio Visual) Acquisitions 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Number per 1, pop Average 51,213 244 232 66,837 315 229 6,387 28 21 62,234 284 19 5,892 26 177 Acquisitions per 1, population: Time Series 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 27-8 28-9 29-1 21-11 211-12 Hackney Average Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 36 & 61 Page 37 12/12/212

D6: Lending Stock Replenishment Rate Lending Stock Years Average Time taken in years to replenish the lending stock on Replenishment Rate 8. 7.4 open access or available on loan at 211-12 rate. 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Lending Stock Replenishment Rate w t r h m g n d e x a z f k u s Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - (Cell 27 + Cell 47) / (Cell 35 + Cell 6) Page 38 12/12/212

SECTION E: PERFORMANCE The CIPFAstats Public Library Statistics primarily collect cost and quantity figures. Here we analyse the performance data included, in particular the results of the lastest PLUS surveys*. 1% Library is 'Very Good' or 'Good' 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % w t n h g e f r a k s m d u z x (See page 39 for details) Section Contents Page 4 E1: Requests % supplied in 7, 15 and 3 days Page 41 E2: Adults Public Library Users Survey (PLUS) Satisfaction Measures Page 42 E2: Childrens Public Library Users Survey (PLUS) Satisfaction Measures Outcome Measures *Public Library Users Survey (PLUS) This PLUS data is the feedback from the individuals who makes use of library services. It contains the views of children, young people and adults from diverse neighbourhoods who have been surveyed on a variety of topics including books, homework and computers. Examples of the way the PLUS data is used includes, for example, demographic profiling to determine demand amongst key groups for services. If you would like to learn more about PLUS please contact socialresearch@cipfa.org Page 39 12/12/212

E1: Requests 211-12 Actuals Percentage Supplied Authority Average within 7 days within 15 days within 3 days 43% 5% 71% 71% 84% 84% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Percentage supplied within 7 days t n a w m s x r d u e k g z f h 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Percentage supplied within 15 days n m a t w r u e d z g s x f k h 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Percentage supplied within 3 days m n a t w r u e z g d f k x s h Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 85 to 87 Page 4 12/12/212

E2: Public Library User Survey (PLUS) Over 16 Survey Year: 29-1 Proportion who view their library opening hours as 'very good' or 'good' Proportion who find the library easily accessible Proportion who find the choice of books as 'very good' or 'good' Proportion who view their library as 'very good' or 'good' Authority Average 88% 86% na 97% 63% 81% 67% 83% 1% Library Opening Hours are 'Very Good' or 'Good' 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% w t n h g e r f s d k u z m a x 1% Library is easy to get to 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% w t n h g e d m x z s a k u f r 1% Choice of Books is 'Very Good' or 'Good' 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% w t n h g e f u s k a m r d z x 1% Library is 'Very Good' or 'Good' 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% w t n h g e f r a k s m d u z x Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 155 to 163 Page 41 12/12/212

E3: Public Library User Survey (PLUS) Under 16 Survey Year: ** Proportion who view their library to have convenient opening hours Proportion who find it easy to access the library Proportion who view the books in their library as 'good' Proportion who view their library as 'good' Authority Average na 83% na 92% na 76% na 81% 1% The Library is open when I want to come in 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% x w u t r n k h g f e d a s z m 1% Library is easy to get to 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% x w u t r n k h g f e d a z s m 1% Books are 'Good' 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% x w u t r n k h g f e d a s z m 1% Library is 'Good' 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% x w u t r n k h g f e d a s z m Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 155 to 163 Page 42 12/12/212

E3: Public Library User Survey (PLUS) Under 16 (continued) Proportion who view their library to have helped them Read better Do better at school Use computers better Make friends Join in and try new things Learn and find things out Authority Average na 59% na 4% na 25% na 31% na 39% na 51% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Using the Library has helped to read better x w u t r n k h g f e d a z s m 5% 45% 4% 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % Using the Library has helped to do better at school x w u t r n k h g f e d a z s m 35% 3% Using the Library has helped to use computers better 4% 35% Using the Library has helped to make friends 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % x w u t r n k h g f e d a z s m 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % x w u t r n k h g f e d a s z m 5% 45% 4% 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % Using the Library has helped to join in & try new things x w u t r n k h g f e d a s m z 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Using the Library has helped to learn and find things out x w u t r n k h g f e d a m s z Source: CIPFA Public Library Statistics 212 - Cells 165 to 17 If there are no figures for your authority in Section E2 & E3, your authority may not have taken part in the PLUS surveys recently. For more information contact socialresearch@cipfa.org Page 43 12/12/212

APPENDICES Information to help you get the most out of the report. APPENDIX 1 - Comparative Bar Charts Page 45 The report makes a great deal of use of one simple type of chart that is used by many organisations including the consultants McKinsey & Co. to display data simpy and effectively. This section provides a detailed overview of the chart and instructions on how to read the charts to get the most out of them. APPENDIX 2 - Background Information Page 48 This appendix provides comparisons for educational achievement, deprivation, area, population and population density as all these can have in impact on libraries planning. APPENDIX 3 - Financial Information Page 5 This appendix provides more detailed tables of the financial data analysed in section B. APPENDIX 4 - Other CIPFA Libraries Services Page 52 Links to other services that CIPFA provides for library authorities. APPENDIX 5 - Contact Us! Page 52 Let us know what you think and how we can make the profile more useful. Page 44 12/12/212

Comparative bar charts APPENDIX 1 - Comparative Bar Charts This type of chart is the backbone of our report. It enables us to display the data for the entire group efficiently, displays clearly to readers where their authority sits compared to the group and provides key information about the range of values being compared. While we hope these charts will be intuitive to many readers, some readers will benefit from a little more information. In this appendix we clarify how these charts work and present techniques for getting the most out of the them. Example 1: Anatomy of a comparative bar chart This chart displays fictional user satisfaction data for 25 authorities. Each bar represents an individual authority and the bar for the reader's authority highlights in black. The values for the authorities are displayed in order starting at the highest value at the left of the chart and dropping to the lowest at the right of the chart. In this example, the black bar highlights on the left of the chart, showing that the authority is performing strongly (has a high value) for this indicator when compared to the other 24 authorities. The horizontal black line is the average value for the group. In this example it can literally 'be seen' that the authorities user satisfaction is clearly above average as the black bar is taller than the height of the average line. The y-axis shows the scale and enables readers to judge the values of individual authorities and the average. While readers natually cannot read exact values off the chart, your authority's own value and the group average will be displayed near the chart, often with the associated raw data. group average comparator authority your authority Example 2: Comparative bar charts for reports with small numbers of authorities This example displays fictional income data for 12 authorities. Authorities can request copies of this report using any grouping of authorities that they wish (e.g. small regional groupings, nearest neighbours or family groupings, core cities up to the whole of Britain). For small groupings of authorities (19 or less) we display letters under the charts and provide a key in the report to enable readers to identify each of their comparator authorities individually. letters enable readers to identify specific authorities Page 45 12/12/212

Example 3: Zero values and unavailable data Zero values: In some cases the value for any authority might be zero, in this case the value 'displays' as a bar of zero height (i.e. no bar) on the right of the distribution (which follows the pattern of lowest values to the right of the chart). Unavailable data: In other cases there may not be data available, either because the data were not supplied, or because the data supplied have been rejected. These are displayed by missing bars on the left of the chart. Averages: Zero values are included in the average as they are genuine values for authorities. The average however excludes unavailable data. This chart shows fictional agency staff costs for 12 authorities. The four missing bars can potentially cause confusion, however it will quickly become second nature to readers. In this chart, authorities q, f and a have no spend on agency staff, i.e. they have not used agency staff and therefore their values are genuinely zero. However the use by authority h is unknown and has been excluded from the analysis (represented by the gap on the left of the chart). The chart average is based on only 11 authorities as authority h is excluded. Example 4: Comparisons with large numbers of authorities When a large number of authorities are displayed the individual bars get so small that they start to merge. The value for your authority should still be clearly visible as the black bar. While individual bars cannot be seen, this does not detract from the readers ability to compare their value to the group, or learn about overall range of values. This chart shows fictional overhead costs for 15 authorities. By looking at the shape of the graph and position of the black bar and average line the following information can be observed. The black bar authority has a very low figure, being less than a third of the group average. Data were not available for around 1% of the authorities (gap on left of the chart). 5% of the authorities report either zero or miniscule costs (gap on right of the chart). There is great variation in these costs, as the distribution slopes smoothly from left to right showing that there is no 'typical' value for this cost. Page 46 12/12/212

Examples 5-8: Example distributions and help in interpreting them The distributions of values shown on the charts can vary greatly. Here we show some examples to help readers understand how the distributions can vary. In each case we will keep the black bar authority's value the same and the group average the same, however the shape of the graph and distribution of the groups values are varied to give quite different pictures of the example authority's costs. This chart shows a very common distribution (which a statistician would appropriately call the 'normal' distribution). While there is a wide range of values (2-1) the majority of authorities are in a much tighter range (about half are between 5 and 7). In this particular case the highlighted authority has one of the highest costs. This chart shows a straight sloping distribution. There is no consistency between authorities and no such thing as a typical value. In this particular case the highlighted authority is above average, but not signficantly so. This chart shows little variation between authorities. In this particular case the highlighted authority is clearly the most expensive per 1, population. This distribution is quite rare, the chart clearly displays two distinct groupings of authorities. In this case interpreting the highlighted authorities value is difficult and it is important to investigate the reasons behind this variation. Quartiles We finish this introduction with a quick note about quartiles. Quartiles are a popular simple way to examine distributions of cost or performance data. Quartiles are produced by splitting the distribution into four quarters, as presented on the right. Mathmatically the word quartile refers to the boundaries between the quarters (called the lower quartile, median and upper quartile). In business & management the word quartile is more often used to refer to the quarters themselves. "Top quartile" is used to desribe the best quarter (e.g. highest performance) while "bottom quartile" refers to the worse (e.g. high cost or low performance). It is common approach to view "being in the top quartile" as a benchmark to be achieved, and "being in the bottom quartile" as a sign of problems. We do not show quartiles in this report, as this approach can be viewed as simplistic, and it does not fit in with the purpose of the report, which is to inform rather than judge. The reader should however compare the top and bottom charts and note how easy it is to quarter the distribution with the mind's eye. Page 47 12/12/212

APPENDIX 2 - Background Information Educational Attainment Educational Attainment Average 56.5% 57.% 7% 6% Percentage of pupils achieving 5 A*-C grades including English & Maths 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % w z f x n h s t r d e u k g m a Source: CIPFA Children's Services Actuals Statistics 21-11 - Column 313 Deprivation Index of Deprivation Average 42.9 31.7 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Indices of Deprivation d u f t a g r m x k z s h e w n The higher the index, the more deprived the authority is. Source: CLG Indices of Deprivation 21 Page 48 12/12/212