LIMITLESSPOSSIBILITY CGIA CURRICULUM CANDIDATES BODY OF KNOWLEDGE FOR 2017
ABOUT CGIA The Chartered Global Investment Analyst (CGIA) is the world s largest and recognized professional body providing approved designation for the financial services industry. The CGIA Charter designation is a gateway to a network of more than 10,000 investment professionals recognized in over 100 countries worldwide. The designation is certified by the Global Academy of Finance and Management (GAFM ). CGIA IN NUMBERS 1 100+ 10,000+ 560+ Global professional body countries members Institutions worldwide WHO CAN JOIN THE CGIA? The CGIA Charter Program is opened to wide ranges of candidates with different skills and academic backgrounds. The program is structured to accommodate both old and new entrant professionals in the investment and financial services industry. Holders of High School, HND, Bachelors, Masters, PhD certificates and other professional qualifications (ACCA, CIMA, CIMG, ICAG, ICM(UK) are all eligible to join the CGIA.
CGIA EXAM STRUCTURE The CGIA Program includes a series of exams covering three (3) levels. Candidates must pass all levels and satisfy all obligations before the CGIA designation is awarded. The CGIA professional examination at all levels is held in January and July of every year. LEVEL I - Investment I - A1 - Corporate Finance I - A2 - Financial Risk Management - A3 LEVEL II - Investment II - A4 - Corporate Finance II - A5 - Financial Reporting & Analysis I - A6 - Investment Analysis & Portfolio Management I - A7 - Derivatives Analysis I - A8 LEVEL III - Financial Reporting & Analysis II - A9 - Investment Analysis & Portfolio Management II - A10 - Derivatives Analysis II - A11 - Alternative Investment - A12 ALL LEVELS (I, II, III) - Are offered every year at exam centers near you (specify during registration) in January and July. - Are available and written in English only. Check our English Language Requirements on our website Kindly note that only candidates who have satisfied all their obligations as registered members, (thus, paid their annual subscription and paid for all exam fees, exemption applicable to date} are eligible to sit for the exam. The CGIA examination council is responsible for providing examination questions for assessment and marking of scripts. CGIA exam is held in all the exam centers and centers are communicated to candidates during exam registration.
LEVEL I 1. PAPER A1 INVESTMENT I 2. PAPER A2 CORPORATE FINANCE I 3. PAPER A3 FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
PART I INTRODUCTION INVESTMENT I LEVEL I PAPER A1 CHAPTER 1 The Investment Environment Real Assets versus Financial Assets Financial Assets Financial Markets and the Economy The Investment Process Markets Are Competitive The Players The Financial Crisis of 2008 Outline of the Text CHAPTER 2 Asset Classes and Financial Instruments The Money Market The Bond Market Equity Securities Stock and Bond Market Indexes Derivative Markets End of chapter materials CHAPTER 3 How Securities Are Traded How Firms Issue Securities How Securities Are Traded The Rise of Electronic Trading U.S. Markets New Trading Strategies Globalization of Stock Markets Trading Costs Buying on Margin CHAPTER 4 Mutual Funds and Other Investment Companies Investment Companies Types of Investment Companies Mutual Funds Costs of Investing in Mutual Funds Taxation of Mutual Fund Income Exchange-Traded Funds Mutual Fund Investment Performance: A First Look Information on Mutual Funds
PART II PORTFOLIO THEORY & PRACTICE CHAPTER 5 Risk, Return, and the Historical Record Determinants of the Level of Interest Rates Comparing Rates of Return for Different Holding Periods Bills and Inflation, 1926 2012 Risk and Risk Premiums Time Series Analysis of Past Rates of Return The Normal Distribution Deviations from Normality and Risk Measures Historic Returns on Risky Portfolios Long-Term Investments CHAPTER 6 Capital Allocation to Risky Assets Risk and Risk Aversion Capital Allocation across Risky and Risk-Free Portfolios The Risk-Free Asset Portfolios of One Risky Asset and a Risk-Free Asset Risk Tolerance and Asset Allocation Passive Strategies: The Capital Market Line End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 7 Optimal Risky Portfolios Diversification and Portfolio Risk Portfolios of Two Risky Assets Asset Allocation with Stocks, Bonds, and Bills The Markowitz Portfolio Optimization Model Risk Pooling, Risk Sharing, and the Risk of Long- Term Investments CHAPTER 8 Index Models A Single-Factor Security Market The Single-Index Model Estimating the Single-Index Model Portfolio Construction and the Single-Index Model Practical Aspects of Portfolio Management with the Index Model End of Chapter Material PART III
PART III EQUILIBRIUM IN CAPITAL MARKETS CHAPTER 9 The Capital Asset Pricing Model The Capital Asset Pricing Model Assumptions and Extensions of the CAPM The CAPM and the Academic World\ The CAPM and the Investment Industry End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 10 Arbitrage Pricing Theory and Multifactor Models of Risk and Return Multifactor Models: An Overview Arbitrage Pricing Theory The APT, the CAPM, and the Index Model A Multifactor APT The Fama-French (FF) Three-Factor Model CHAPTER 11 The Efficient Market Hypothesis Random Walks and the Efficient Market Hypothesis Implications of the EMH Event Studies Are Markets Efficient Mutual Fund and Analyst Performance CHAPTER 12 Behavioral Finance and Technical Analysis The Behavioral Critique Technical Analysis and Behavioral Finance End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 13 Empirical Evidence on Security Returns The Index Model and the Single-Factor APT Tests of the Multifactor CAPM and APT Fama-French-Type Factor Models Liquidity and Asset Pricing Consumption-Based Asset Pricing and the Equity Premium Puzzle
CORPORATE FINANCE I LEVEL I PAPER A2 PART I Overview CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Corporate Finance CHAPTER 2 Financial Statements and Cash Flow CHAPTER 3 Financial Statements Analysis and Financial Models PART II Valuation & Capital Budgeting CHAPTER 4 Discounted Cash Flow Valuation CHAPTER 5 Net Present Value and Other Investment Rules CHAPTER 6 Making Capital Investment Decisions CHAPTER 7 Risk Analysis, Real Options, and Capital Budgeting CHAPTER 8 Interest Rates and Bond Valuation CHAPTER 9 Stock Valuation PART III Risk CHAPTER 10 Risk and Return: Lessons from Market History CHAPTER 11 Return and Risk: The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) CHAPTER 12 An Alternative View of Risk and Return: The Arbitrage Pricing Theory CHAPTER 13 Risk, Cost of Capital, and Valuation CHAPTER 14 Efficient Capital Markets and Behavioral Challenges
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT LEVEL I PAPER A3 CHAPTER 1 Introduction Lessons from a Crisis Financial Risk and Actuarial Risk Simulation and Subjective Judgment CHAPTER 2 Institutional Background Moral Hazard Insiders and Outsiders Ponzi Schemes Adverse Selection The Winner s Curse Market Making versus Position Taking CHAPTER 3 Operational Risk Operations Risk Legal Risk Reputational Risk Accounting Risk Funding Liquidity Risk Enterprise Risk Identification of Risks Operational Risk Capital CHAPTER 4 Financial Disasters Disasters Due to Misleading Reporting Disasters Due to Large Market Moves Disasters Due to the Conduct of Customer Business CHAPTER 5 The Systemic Disaster of 2007 2008 Overview The Crisis in CDOs of Subprime Mortgages The Spread of the Crisis Lessons from the Crisis for Risk Managers Lessons from the Crisis for Regulators CHAPTER 6 Managing Financial Risk Risk Measurement General Principles
Risk Management of Instruments That Lack Liquidity Market Valuation Valuation Reserves Analysis of Revenue Exposure to Changes in Market Prices Risk Measurement for Position Taking Risk Control CHAPTER 7 VaR and Stress Testing VaR Methodology Simulation of the P&L Distribution Measures of the P&L Distribution Stress Testing Economic Scenario Stress Tests Stress Tests Relying on Historical Data Uses of Overall Measures of Firm Position Risk CHAPTER 8 Model Risk How Important Is Model Risk? Model Risk Evaluation and Control Liquid Instruments Illiquid Instruments Trading Models CHAPTER 9 Managing Spot Risk Overview Foreign Exchange Spot Risk Equity Spot Risk Physical Commodities Spot Risk CHAPTER 10 Managing Forward Risk Instruments Mathematical Models of Forward Risks Factors Impacting Borrowing Costs Risk Management Reporting and Limits for Forward Risk CHAPTER 13 Credit Risk Short-Term Exposure to Changes in Market Prices Credit Instruments Risk Reporting for Market Credit Exposures Portfolio Credit Risk Estimating Default Correlations Monte Carlo Simulation of Portfolio Credit Risk Risk Management and Reporting for Portfolio Credit Exposures
LEVEL II 1. PAPER A4 INVESTMENT II 2. PAPER A5 CORPORATE FINANCE II 3. PAPER A6 FINANCIAL REPORTING & ANALYSIS I 4. PAPER A7 INVESTMENT ANALYSIS & PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT I 5. PAPER A8 DERIVATIVE ANALYSIS I
INVESTMENT II LEVEL II PAPER A4 PART IV FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES CHAPTER 14 Bond Prices and Yields Bond Characteristics Bond Pricing Bond Yields Bond Prices over Time Default Risk and Bond Pricing End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 15 The Term Structure of Interest Rates The Yield Curve The Yield Curve and Future Interest Rates Interest Rate Uncertainty and Forward Rates Theories of the Term Structure Interpreting the Term Structure Forward Rates as Forward Contracts End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 16 Managing Bond Portfolios Interest Rate Risk Convexity Passive Bond Management Active Bond Management End of Chapter Material PART V SECURITIES ANALYSIS CHAPTER 17 Macroeconomic and Industry Analysis The Global Economy The Domestic Macroeconomy Demand and Supply Shocks Federal Government Policy Business Cycles
Industry Analysis End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 18 Equity Valuation Models Valuation by Comparables Intrinsic Value versus Market Price Dividend Discount Models Price Earnings Ratio Free Cash Flow Valuation Approaches The Aggregate Stock Market End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 19 Financial Statement Analysis The Major Financial Statements Measuring Firm Performance Profitability Measures Ratio Analysis An Illustration of Financial Statement Analysis Comparability Problems Value Investing: The Graham Technique End of Chapter Material PART VI OPTIONS, FUTURES & OTHER DERIVATIVES CHAPTER 20 Options Markets: Introduction The Option Contract Values of Options at Expiration Option Strategies The Put-Call Parity Relationship Option-Like Securities Financial Engineering Exotic Options End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 21 Option Valuation Option Valuation: Introduction Restrictions on Option Values Binomial Option Pricing Black-Scholes Option Valuation Using the Black-Scholes Formula Empirical Evidence on Option Pricing End of Chapter Material
CHAPTER 22 Futures Markets The Futures Contract Trading Mechanics Futures Markets Strategies Futures Prices Futures Prices versus Expected Spot Prices End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 23 Futures, Swaps, and Risk Management Foreign Exchange Futures Stock-Index Futures Interest Rate Futures Swaps Commodity Futures Pricing End of Chapter Material PART VII APPLIED PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT CHAPTER 24 Portfolio Performance Evaluation The Conventional Theory of Performance Evaluation Performance Measurement for Hedge Funds Performance Measurement with Changing Portfolio Composition Market Timing Style Analysis Performance Attribution Procedures End of Chapter Material CHAPTER 25 International Diversification Global Markets for Equities Risk Factors in International Investing International Investing: Risk, Return, and Benefits from Diversification Assessing the Potential of International Diversification International Investing and Performance Attribution End of Chapter Material
CORPORATE FINANCE II LEVEL II PAPER A5 PART IV Capital Structure and Dividend Policy CHAPTER 15 Long-Term Financing: An Introduction CHAPTER 16 Capital Structure: Basic Concepts CHAPTER 17 Capital Structure: Limits to the Use of Debt CHAPTER 18 Valuation and Capital Budgeting for the Levered Firm CHAPTER 19 Dividends and Other Payouts PART V Long-term Financing CHAPTER 20 Raising Capital CHAPTER 21 Leasing PART VI Options, Futures and Corporate Finance CHAPTER 22 Options and Corporate Finance CHAPTER 23 Options and Corporate Finance: Extensions and Applications CHAPTER 24 Warrants and Convertibles CHAPTER 25 Derivatives and Hedging Risk PART VII Short-term Finance CHAPTER 26 Short-Term Finance and Planning CHAPTER 27 Cash Management CHAPTER 28 Credit and Inventory Management PART VIII Special Topics CHAPTER 29 Mergers, Acquisitions, and Divestitures CHAPTER 30 Financial Distress CHAPTER 31 International Corporate Finance
FINANCIAL REPORTING & ANALYSIS I LEVEL II PAPER A6 CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Financial Reporting Development of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the United States Additional Input American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) A New Reality FASB Accounting Standards Codification Traditional Assumptions of the Accounting Model Using the Internet Summary Questions CHAPTER 2: Introduction to Financial Statements Forms of Business Entities The Financial Statements The Accounting Cycle Auditor s Opinion Management s Responsibility for Financial Statements The SEC s Integrated Disclosure System Proxy and Summary Annual Report The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Ethics Harmonization of International Accounting Standards Consolidated Statements Summary Questions CHAPTER 3: Balance Sheet Basic Elements of the Balance Sheet Statement of Stockholders Equity Problems in Balance Sheet Presentation Summary Questions CHAPTER 4: Income Statement Basic Elements of the Income Statement Special Income Statement Items Earnings per Share
Retained Earnings Dividends and Stock Splits Legality of Distributions to Stockholders Comprehensive Income CHAPTER 5: Basics of Analysis Ratio Analysis Common-Size Analysis (Vertical and Horizontal) Year-to-Year Change Analysis Financial Statement Variation by Type of Industry Review of Descriptive Information Comparisons Relative Size of Firm The Users of Financial Statements Summary Questions CHAPTER 6: Short-Term Debt-Paying Ability Current Assets, Current Liabilities, and the Operating Cycle Current Assets Compared with Current Liabilities Other Liquidity Considerations Summary Questions CHAPTER 7: Long-Term Debt-Paying Ability Income Statement Consideration when Determining Long-Term Debt- Paying Ability Balance Sheet Consideration when Determining Long-Term Debt-Paying Ability Special Items That Influence a Firm s Long-Term Debt-Paying Ability Summary Questions
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS & PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT I LEVEL II PAPER A7 PART 1 The Investment Background 1. The Investment Setting 2. The Asset Allocation Decision 3. Selecting Investments in a Global Market 4. Organization and Functioning of Securities Markets 5. Security-Market Indexes PART 2 Developments in Investment Theory 6. Efficient Capital Markets 7. An Introduction to Portfolio Management 8. An Introduction to Asset Pricing Models 9. Multifactor Models of Risk and Return PART 3 Valuation Principles and Practices 10. Analysis of Financial Statements 11. An Introduction to Security Valuation
DERIVATIVES ANALYSIS I LEVEL II PAPER A8 PART I Insurance, Hedging, and Simple Strategies CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Derivatives CHAPTER 2 An Introduction to Forwards and Options CHAPTER 3 Insurance, Collars, and Other Strategies CHAPTER 4 Introduction to Risk Management PART II Forwards, Futures, and Swaps CHAPTER 5 Financial Forwards and Futures CHAPTER 6 Commodity Forwards and Futures CHAPTER 7 Interest Rate Forwards and Futures CHAPTER 8 Swaps PART III Options CHAPTER 9 Parity and Other Option Relationships CHAPTER 10 Binomial Option Pricing: Basic Concepts CHAPTER 11 Binomial Option Pricing: Selected Topics CHAPTER 12 The Black-Scholes Formula CHAPTER 13 Market-Making and Delta-Hedging CHAPTER 14 Exotic Options I
LEVEL II 1. PAPER A9 FINANCIAL REPORTING & ANALYSIS II 2. PAPER A10 INVESTMENT ANALYSIS & PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT II 3. PAPER A11 DERIVATIVE ANALYSIS II 4. PAPER A12 ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT
FINANCIAL REPORTING & ANALYSIS II LEVEL III PAPER A9 CHAPTER 8: Profitability Profitability Measures Trends in Profitability Segment Reporting Revenues by Major Product Lines Gains and Losses from Prior Period Adjustments Comprehensive Income Pro Forma Financial Information Summary Questions CHAPTER 9: For the Investor Leverage and Its Effects on Earnings Earnings per Common Share Price/Earnings Ratio Percentage of Earnings Retained Dividend Payout Stock Appreciation Rights Summary Questions CHAPTER 10: Statement of Cash Flows Basic Elements of the Statement of Cash Flows Financial Ratios and the Statement of Cash Flows Alternative Cash Flow Procedures for Development of the Statement of Cash Flows Summary Questions CHAPTER 11: Expanded Analysis Financial Ratios as Perceived by Commercial Loan Departments Financial Ratios as Perceived by Corporate Controllers Financial Ratios as Perceived by Certified Public Accountants Financial Ratios as Perceived by Chartered Financial Analysts Financial Ratios Used in Annual Reports Degree of Conservatism and Quality of Earnings Forecasting Financial Failure Valuation Summary Questions
CHAPTER 12: Special Industries: Banks, Utilities, Oil and Gas etc. Banks Regulated Utilities Oil and Gas Transportation Insurance Real Estate Companies Summary Questions CHAPTER 13: Personal Financial Statements and Accounting for Governments & NGOs Personal Financial Statements Accounting for Governments Accounting for Not-for-Profit Organizations Other Than Governments Summary Questions
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS & PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT II LEVEL III PAPER A10 PART 4 Analysis and Management of Common Stocks 1. Macro-analysis and Micro-valuation of the Stock Market 2. Industry Analysis 3. Company Analysis and Stock Valuation 4. Technical Analysis 5. Equity Portfolio Management Strategies PART 5 Analysis and Management of Bonds 6. Bond Fundamentals 7. The Analysis and Valuation of Bonds 8. Bond Portfolio Management Strategies PART 6 Derivative Security Analysis 9. An Introduction to Derivative Markets and Securities 10. Forward and Futures Contracts 11. Option Contracts 12. Swap Contracts, Convertible Securities, and Other Embedded Derivatives PART 7 Specification and Evaluation of Asset Management 13. Professional Money Management, Alternative Assets, and Industry Ethics 14. Evaluation of Portfolio Performance
DERIVATIVES ANALYSIS II LEVEL III PAPER A11 PART IV Financial Engineering and Applications CHAPTER 15 Financial Engineering and Security Design CHAPTER 16 Corporate Applications CHAPTER 17 Real Options PART V Advanced Pricing Theory and Applications CHAPTER 18 The Lognormal Distribution CHAPTER 19 Monte Carlo Valuation CHAPTER 20 Brownian Motion and Itoˆ s Lemma CHAPTER 21 The Black-Scholes-Merton Equation CHAPTER 22 Risk-Neutral and Martingale Pricing CHAPTER 23 Exotic Options: II CHAPTER 24 Volatility CHAPTER 25 Interest Rate and Bond Derivatives CHAPTER 26 Value at Risk CHAPTER 27 Credit Risk
ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS LEVEL III PAPER A12 PART I Introduction Alternative Investments: An Overview The Role of Alternative Investments in Strategic Asset Allocation Trends in Alternative Investments Alternative Investments and Due Diligence PART II Real Estate REITs and the Private Real Estate Market Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Investment Trusts Mortgaged-Backed Securities Mezzanine Debt and Preferred Equity in Real Estate Real Estate Appraisal and Valuation Performance of Real Estate Portfolios PART III Private Equity Venture Capital Mezzanine Capital Buyout Funds Distressed Debt Investing Performance of Private Equity Private Equity: Risk and Return Profile PART IV Commodities and Managed Futures Investing in Commodities Performance of Commodities Commodity Futures and Strategic Asset Allocation Managed Futures: Markets, Investment Characteristics, and Role in a Portfolio An Overview of Managed Futures Performance: 1983 to Post-2008 Credit Crisis PART V Hedge Funds Investing in Hedge Funds Performance of Hedge Funds Hedge Funds and Risk Management Hedge Funds and the Financial Crisis Hedge Funds: Replication and Nonlinearities Fund-of-Funds: A Tale of Two Fees
CHARTERED GLOBAL INVESTMENT ANALYST CGIA info@cgiaglobal.com