Measuring and Monitoring Decent Work Lessons Learnt from MAP Project The Philippines Experience Presented by: TERESA V. PERALTA OIC-Director ILO, Geneva June 27-29, 2012
Outline Overview of the Philippine Statistical System Data sources of the Country Profile Process of data compilation Drafting of the Country Profile Key results/findings Usefulness of the Country Profile Plans on the decent work indicators 2
Overview of the PSS Source: National Statistical Coordination Board, Philippine Statistical Development Program, 2005-2010. 3
Data sources of the Country Profile The Labor Force Survey is the main source of the data on the decent work indicators. National Statistics Office Labor Force Survey (LFS) Family Income and Expenditures Survey (FIES) Merged Files of the LFS and FIES Functional Literacy, Education and Mass Media Survey Consumer Price Index 4
Data sources of the Country Profile National Statistical Coordination Board National Accounts of the Philippines Official Poverty Statistics Philippine National Health Accounts Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics, Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) BLES Integrated Survey Occupational Injuries Survey Industrial Relations at the Workplace Survey 5
Data sources of the Country Profile Administrative records of the: Bureau of Working Conditions, DOLE Bureau of Labor Relations, DOLE National Wages and Productivity Commission Technical Education and Skills Development Authority National Conciliation and Mediation Board Department of Health-National Epidemiology Center Social Security System Government Service Insurance System Philippine Health Insurance Corporation World Bank, World Development Indicators 6
Process of data compilation The compilation of the decent work indicators involved the following activities: Assessment of the availability of data Determination of additional or proxy indicators, e.g., on the decent work elements on work that should be abolished and combining work, family and personal life Preparation of the annotated outline on the tabulations Data research/tabulations for indicators that are not off-theshelf or those that required further disaggregations 7
Process of data compilation Issues and concerns in data compilation: Comparability of LFS data sets Absence of survey data, e.g., informal employment, child labor, employment tenure Absence of administrative data, e.g., forced labor Timeliness and accessibility of existing administrative data; not readily available in desired disaggregations e.g., HIV data, social security statistics Non-comparability of the indicator with international standard, e.g., time-related underemployment rate 8
Drafting of the Profile Establishing the links of the statistics on decent work indicators and the Philippine laws and policies Statistics have not been adequately utilized as a basis for drafting of laws and policies and in monitoring of implementation Need for greater advocacy by data producers on awareness, appreciation and utilization of statistics by data users Making statistics user-friendly and accessible to data users 9
Key results/findings Some gains in decent work 8 Growth in labor productivity and real GDP per capita in PPP$, in % 4 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Modest economic growth -4 Labor product ivit y Real GDP per capit a in PPP$ 30 Wage share in GDP, in % (Based on Philippines SNA prior to 2011 revision/ rebasing) Wage share in GDP growing slowly 25 20 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 10
55 50 45 40 35 Proportion of self-employed and unpaid family workers in total employment, in % 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Reduction in proportion of self-employed and unpaid family workers in total employment Tot al Men Women 50 Female employment-to-population ratio and share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector, in % Increasing employment opportunities for women 45 40 35 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Female emloyment-to-population ratio Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector 11
12 Economic activity rate of children, 5-17 years old, % of children population 10 8 6 Slight progress in economic activity rate of children 4 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Tot al Boys Girls Incidence rate of occupational injuries, non-fatalities per 1,000 employed persons 25 Safer work environment 20 15 10 5 0 2000 2002 2003 2007 2009 Tot al Indust ry Services 12
90 Estimated share of population covered by national health insurance program, in % 60 Growing coverage of health insurance program 30 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 100 Strikes and lockouts by branch of economic activity 80 Peaceful industrial climate 60 40 20 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total Agriculture Industry Services 13
However, deficits exist 30 Povert y Indicat ors in % (Based on 2011 ref ined met hodology) 25 20 15 Poverty incidence remains high 10 2003 2006 2009 Povert y incidence of populat ion Income gap Subsist ence incidence of populat ion 80 Employment-to-population ratio, in % Employment-topopulation ratio stagnant 70 60 50 40 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Tot al Men Women 14
225 Average real daily basic pay, at 2000 PhP 200 No improvement in real basic pay 175 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Tot al Men Women 35 Working poverty rate, in % (Based on 2003 methodology for estimating poverty) Neither in working poverty rate 30 25 20 1997 2000 2003 2006 Tot al Men Women 15
30 Total underemployment rate, %of employed 20 10 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Underemployment more serious concern than unemployment Tot al Men Women Employees in precarious work by sex, % of employed (Household survey data) 16 Instability and uncertainty of work continue to persist 14 12 10 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Tot al Men Women 16
Social security benefits, % of GDP 2 1.5 Minimal share of social security benefits to GDP 1 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 40 Union density rate, % of employees Decline in union membership 30 20 10 0 1995 2003 2004 2008 2010 Tot al Indust ry Services 17
Usefulness of the Country Profile Except for unemployment insurance, the Philippines has the laws, policies and institutions to advance the decent work agenda in the country. The availability of the Profile can: Underscore the importance of the integration of the decent work agenda in the national development strategies Serve as sound basis for tracking and evaluating progress on decent work outcomes Provide inputs for planning, programming and targeting Be a feedback mechanism in the implementation of plans programs that promote decent work Be a reference for review of existing laws, policies, institutional mechanisms and arrangements Enjoin tripartite partners towards greater and resolute efforts to achieve decent work in the country 18
Plans on the collection of DWIs To support the advocacy on the decent work agenda the Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics of the Philippines Department of Labor and Employment has: 1. Posted the decent work indicators in its website; to be updated annually 2. Discussed with the National Statistics Office the inclusion of additional items in the LFS to capture informal employment, employment tenure, hours of work and status in employment of working children, timerelated underemployment; the refined LFS questionnaire has been used in an LFS covering two provinces recently 3. Started the development of an interactive and user-friendly database on decent work indicators; to be completed in December 2012 The BLES will likewise coordinate with other government agencies to ensure the availability, accessibility and timeliness of their administrative data related to decent work. 19
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