audited financial statements 22
Independent Auditors Report To the Shareholders Grant Thornton Corner Bank Street and West Independence Square P.O. Box 1038 Basseterre, St. Kitts West Indies T +1 869 466 8200 F +1 869 466 9822 www.grantthornton.kn We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of St. Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla National Bank Limited which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as of, and the consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders equity and cash flows for the year then ended and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes. Management s Responsibility for the Financial Statements Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. Auditors Responsibility Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditors consider internal control relevant to the entity s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. Opinion In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of as of and its financial performance and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. Partners: Antigua Charles Walwyn - Managing partner Robert Wilkinson Kathy David St. Kitts Jefferson Hunte Chartered Accountants November 10, Basseterre, St. Kitts Audit Tax Advisory Member of Grant Thornton International Ltd 23
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position As of Assets Notes June 30 June 30 Restated July 01 2012 Restated Cash and balances with Central Bank 5 293,229 355,574 254,466 Treasury bills 6 167,199 139,769 99,179 Deposits with other financial institutions 7 712,312 520,242 418,865 Loans and receivables - Loans and advances to customers 8 683,330 1,177,711 1,203,417 - Originated debt 9 90,518 92,385 69,979 Investment securities -available for sale 10 525,992 429,903 382,356 Financial asset 31 566,695 Property inventory 11 8,193 10,317 10,317 Investment property 12 4,040 4,040 Income tax recoverable 19 6,004 6,004 6,005 Property, plant and equipment 13 27,551 28,877 30,077 Intangible assets 14 403 952 1,909 Other assets 15 67,182 80,083 70,705 Deferred tax asset 19 19,591 17,337 4,637 Total assets 3,172,239 2,863,194 2,551,912 Liabilities Customers deposits 16 2,507,885 2,066,969 1,692,865 Other borrowed funds 17 5,386 152,569 220,217 Income tax liability 19 142 853 2,879 Accumulated provisions, creditors and accruals 18 173,448 182,017 178,293 Total liabilities 2,686,861 2,402,408 2,094,254 Shareholders equity Issued share capital 20 135,000 135,000 135,000 Share premium 3,877 3,877 3,877 Retained earnings 27,335 19,698 19,392 Reserves 21 319,166 302,211 299,389 Total shareholders equity 485,378 460,786 457,658 Total liabilities and shareholders equity 3,172,239 2,863,194 2,551,912 The notes on pages 130 to to 85114 are are an an integral integral part part of of these these consolidated financial statements. Approved for issue by the Board of Directors on November. 5th Director Director 24
Consolidated Statement of Income For the year ended Notes Restated Interest income 112,226 96,859 Interest expense (77,018) (81,915) Net interest income 22 35,208 14,944 Fees and commission income 11,121 10,567 Fees expense (4,838) (3,985) Net fees and commission income 23 6,283 6,582 Other income 24 58,014 48,605 Operating income 99,505 70,131 Non-interest expenses Administrative and general expenses 25 37,264 37,393 Other expenses 19,036 20,844 Impairment expense 26 23,455 Total operating expenses 79,755 58,237 Net income before tax 19,750 11,894 Income tax 19 5,504 10,058 Net income for the year 25,254 21,952 Earnings per share (basic and diluted) 27 0.19 0.16 The notes on pages 30 to 114 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 25
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income For the year ended Notes Restated Net income for the year 25,254 21,952 Other comprehensive income: Other comprehensive income to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods: Available-for-sale financial assets: Net unrealised gain/(losses) on investment securities, net of tax 2,560 (2,247) Reclassification adjustments relating to available-for-sale financial assets disposed of in the year 11,526 (1,387) Other comprehensive income not to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods: 21 14,086 (3,634) Re-measurement (loss)/gain on defined benefit plan 33 (5,893) 501 Income tax relating to item not reclassified 1,945 (166) (3,948) 335 Total comprehensive income for the year 35,392 18,653 The notes on pages 30 to 114 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 26
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders Equity For the year ended Notes Issued share capital Share premium Statutory reserves Other reserves Revaluation reserves Retained earnings Total Balance at July 01, 2012, as previously reported 135,000 3,877 98,466 199,659 (10,020) 22,781 449,763 Prior period adjustments 36 7,895 7,895 Transfer to reserves 21 & 36 11,284 (11,284) 27 Balance at July 01, 2012, (Restated) 135,000 3,877 98,466 210,943 (10,020) 19,392 457,658 Net income for the year 21,952 21,952 Other comprehensive income 335 (3,019) (2,684) Prior period adjustment 36 (615) (615) Total comprehensive income for the year 335 (3,634) 21,952 18,653 Transfer to reserves 21 3,744 2,377 (6,121) SKNANB ANNUAL REPORT Transaction with owners Dividends 28 (15,525) (15,525) Balance at June 30,, (Restated) 135,000 3,877 102,210 213,655 (13,654) 19,698 460,786
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders Equity continued For the year ended Notes Issued share capital Share premium Statutory reserves Other reserves Revaluation reserves Retained earnings Total Balance at June 30,, (Restated) 135,000 3,877 102,210 213,655 (13,654) 19,698 460,786 Net income for the year 25,254 25,254 Other comprehensive income (3,948) 14,086 10,138 28 Total comprehensive income for the year (3,948) 14,086 25,254 35,392 Transfer to reserves 21 4,639 2,178 (6,817) Transaction with owners Dividends 28 (10,800) (10,800) Balance at 135,000 3,877 106,849 211,885 432 27,335 485,378 The notes on pages 30 to 114 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. SKNANB ANNUAL REPORT
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows For the year ended Restated Notes Cash flows from operating activities Operating income before taxation 19,750 11,894 Adjustments for: Interest income (112,226) (96,859) Interest expense 77,018 81,915 Depreciation and amortisation Retirement benefit income 3,116 (328) 3,565 (636) Retirement benefit contribution (319) (343) Provision for impairment, net Gain on disposal of premises and equipment 23,455 1 Operating income before changes in operating assets and liabilities 10,466 (463) (Increase)/decrease in operating assets: Loans and advances to customers 488,726 29,363 Mandatory deposit with the Central Bank (28,463) (26,047) Other assets (557,583) (10,890) Increase/(decrease) in operating liabilities: Customers' deposits 440,148 359,964 Due to other financial institutions Accumulated provisions, creditors, and accruals (1,859) (8,522) 2,081 16,008 Cash generated from operations 342,913 370,016 Interest received 98,642 89,847 Interest paid (74,434) (80,750) Income tax paid (2,588) (3,994) Net cash generated from operating activities 364,533 375,119 Cash flows from investing activities Purchase of plant, equipment and intangible assets (1,268) (1,648) Proceeds from disposal of plant and equipment 25 242 Increase in special term deposits 18,728 (16,322) Investment property 2,124 (626) Decrease in restricted term deposits and treasury bills 58,800 5,459 Net proceeds from investments (79,311) (69,626) Net cash used in investing activities (902) (82,521) Cash flows from financing activities Other borrowed funds (145,404) (69,427) Dividend paid 28 (10,800) (15,525) Net cash used in financing activities (156,204) (84,952) Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 207,427 207,646 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 555,261 347,615 Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 32 762,688 555,261 The notes on pages 30 to 114 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 29
1 Incorporation and principal activity (the Bank ) was incorporated as a private limited company on February 15, 1971 under the Companies Act Chapter 335, and was reregistered under the new Companies Act No. 22 of 1996 on April 14, 1999. The Bank operates in both St. Kitts and Nevis and is subject to the provisions of the Banking Act of 1991. The Bank is listed on the Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange. The Bank s registered office is at Central Street, Basseterre, St. Kitts. The principal activities of the Bank and its subsidiaries ( the Group ) are described below. The Bank is principally involved in the provision of financial services. The Bank s subsidiaries and their activities are as follows: National Bank Trust Company (St. Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla) Limited ( Trust Company ) The Trust Company was incorporated on the 26 th day of January, 1972 under the Companies Act chapter 335, but was re-registered under the new Companies Act No. 22 of 1996 on the 14 th day of April 1999. The principal activity of the Trust Company is the provision of long-term mortgage financing, raising long-term investment funds, real estate development, property management and the provision of trustee services. National Caribbean Insurance Company Limited ( Insurance Company ) The Insurance Company was incorporated on the 20 th day of June, 1973 under the Companies Act chapter 335, but was re-registered under the new Companies Act No. 22 of 1996 on the 14 th day of April 1999. The Insurance Company provides coverage of life assurance, non-life assurance and pension schemes. St. Kitts and Nevis Mortgage and Investment Company Limited ( MICO ) MICO was incorporated on the 25 th day of May, 2001 under the Companies Act No. 22 of 1996 and commenced operations on the 13 th day of May, 2002. MICO acts as the real estate arm of the Bank with its main operating activities being the acquisition and sale of properties. 2 Significant accounting policies The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated. 30
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.1 Basis of preparation The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and interpretations issued by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC).The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, except for the revaluation of certain properties and financial instruments. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the Group s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed in note 4. IAS 1.10(f) requires an entity to present an additional statement of financial position as of the beginning of the preceding period when an entity: applies an accounting policy retrospectively, makes a retrospective restatement of items in its financial statements or when it reclassifies items in its financial statements, and the retrospective application, retrospective restatement or the reclassification has a material effect on the information in the statement of financial position at the beginning of the preceding period. Related notes to the additional statement of financial position are not required. The retrospective application of certain new and revised IFRSs (see Note 2.2 below) in has a material effect on the statement of financial position as of July 1, 2012. Therefore, the Group presents a third statement of financial position as of July 1, 2012 without related notes except for the disclosures required by IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors 2.2 Changes in accounting policy New and revised standards that are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, A number of new and revised standards are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1,. Information on these new standards is presented below. IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement, clarifies the definition of fair value and provides related guidance and enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. It does not affect which items are required to be fair-valued. The scope of IFRS 13 is broad and it applies for both financial and non-financial items for which other IFRSs require or permit fair value measurements or disclosures about fair value measurements except in certain circumstances. IFRS 13 applies prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after January 1,. Its disclosure requirements need not be applied to comparative information in the first year of application. The Group has however included as comparative information the IFRS 13 disclosures 31
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.2 Changes in accounting policy continued New and revised standards that are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, continued that were required previously by IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures. The Group has applied IFRS 13 for the first time in the current year. The application of IFRS 13 did not have a material impact on the Group s financial statements. Amendments to IAS 19 Employee Benefits. The 2011 amendments to IAS 19 made a number of changes to the accounting for employee benefits, the most significant relating to defined benefit plans. The amendments: eliminate the corridor method and requires the recognition of remeasurements (including actuarial gains and losses) arising in the reporting period in other comprehensive income; change the measurement and presentation of certain components of the defined benefit cost. The net amount in profit or loss is affected by the removal of the expected return on plan assets and interest cost components and their replacement by a net interest expense or income based on the net defined benefit asset or liability; and enhance disclosures, including more information about the characteristics of defined benefit plans and related risks. The revised standard has been adopted as a change in accounting policy and has been applied retrospectively with the restatement of the comparative amounts and of the cumulative impact at the beginning of. The impact on the Group's results has been: An increase in equity and the net defined benefit pension asset of 11,284 and 16,841 respectively at the beginning of ; For the year ended June 30,, an increase in net income of 282 and in other comprehensive income of 335. These restatements are summarised in note 36. Amendment to IAS 1, Financial statement presentation - This amendment pertains to presentation of other comprehensive income. The main change resulting from these amendments is a requirement for entities to group items presented in other comprehensive income (OCI) on the basis of whether they are potentially reclassifiable to profit or loss subsequently (reclassification adjustments). IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10) - IFRS 10 supersedes IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements (IAS 27) and SIC 12 Consolidation-Special Purpose Entities. IFRS 10 revises the definition of control and provides extensive new guidance on its application. These new requirements have the potential to affect which of the Group s investees are considered to be subsidiaries and therefore to change the scope of 32
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.2 Changes in accounting policy continued New and revised standards that are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, continued consolidation. The requirements on consolidation procedures, accounting for changes in noncontrolling interests and accounting for loss of control of a subsidiary are unchanged. Management has reviewed its control assessments in accordance with IFRS 10 and has concluded that there is no effect on the classification (as subsidiaries or otherwise) of any of the Group s investees held during the period or comparative periods covered by these financial statements. Consequential amendments to IAS 27 Separate Financial Statements (IAS 27) and IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (IAS 28) - IAS 27 now only addresses separate financial statements. IAS 28 brings investments in joint ventures into its scope. However, IAS 28 s equity accounting methodology remains unchanged. IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities (IFRS 12) - IFRS 12 integrates and makes consistent the disclosure requirements for various types of investments in other entities, including unconsolidated structured entities, joint arrangements, associates and other off balance sheet vehicles. It introduces new disclosure requirements about the risks to which an entity is exposed from its involvement with structured entities. Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have not been adopted by the Group. At the date of authorisation of these consolidated financial statements, certain new standards, and amendments to existing standards have been published by the IASB that are not yet effective, and have not been adopted early by the Group. Information on those expected to be relevant to the Group s consolidated financial statements is provided below. Management anticipates that all relevant pronouncements will be adopted in the Group s accounting policies for the first period beginning after the effective date of the pronouncement. Certain other new standards and interpretations have been issued but are not expected to have a material impact on the Group s consolidated financial statements. IFRS 9, Financial Instruments - The IASB recently released IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (), representing the completion of its project to replace IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. The new standard introduces extensive changes to IAS 39 s guidance on the classification and measurement of financial assets and introduces a new expected credit loss model for the impairment of financial assets. IFRS 9 also provides new guidance on the application of hedge accounting. The Group s management have yet to assess the impact of IFRS 9 on these financial statements. The new standard is required to be applied for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. 33
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.2 Changes in accounting policy continued Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have not been adopted by the Group...continued Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities (Amendments to IAS 32) - The Amendments to IAS 32 add application guidance to address inconsistencies in applying IAS 32 s criteria for offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities in the following two areas: i. the meaning of currently has a legally enforceable right of set-off ; ii. that some gross settlement systems may be considered equivalent to net settlement. The Amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, and are required to be applied retrospectively. Management does not anticipate a material impact on the Group s consolidated financial statements from these Amendments. Recoverable Amount Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets (Amendments to IAS 36) - These amendments clarify that an entity is required to disclose the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash generating unit) whenever an impairment loss has been recognised or reversed in the period. In addition, they introduce several new disclosures required to be made when the recoverable amount of impaired assets is based on fair value less costs of disposal, including: i. additional information about fair value measurement including the applicable level of the fair value hierarchy, and a description of any valuation techniques used and key assumptions made; ii. the discount rates used if fair value less costs of disposal is measured using a present value technique. IFRS 7, Financial instruments: disclosure. Amendments of December 2011 modified the relief from restating comparative periods and the associated disclosures. IFRS 10, IFRS 12 and IAS 27 provide investment entities an exemption from consolidating particular subsidiaries and instead require that the entity measure the investment in each eligible subsidiary at fair value through profit or loss in accordance with IFRS 9 and IAS 39. It requires also disclosures on unconsolidated subsidiaries, the nature of the relationship and certain transactions with subsidiaries. The Group does not anticipate any significant effect on its financial statements. IAS 19 sets out that contributions from employees or third parties that are linked to service should be attributed to periods of service. It also permits a practical expedient should the amounts contributed are independent of the number of years of service. The application of this standard should have little or no impact on the financial statements. 34
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.2 Changes in accounting policy continued Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have not been adopted by the Group...continued Management do not anticipate any significant effect to the consolidated financial statements on implementation of these amendments. There are no other IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have a material impact on the Group. 2.3 Basis of consolidation The Group financial statements consolidate those of the parent company and all of its subsidiaries as of. The parent controls a subsidiary if it is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the subsidiary and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the subsidiary. All subsidiaries have a reporting date of June 30. All transactions and balances between Group companies are eliminated on consolidation, including unrealised gains and losses on transactions between Group companies. Where unrealised losses on intra-group asset sales are reversed on consolidation, the underlying asset is also tested for impairment from a group perspective. Amounts reported in the financial statements of subsidiaries have been adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted by the Group. Profit or loss and other comprehensive income of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are recognised from the effective date of acquisition, or up to the effective date of disposal, as applicable. 2.4 Cash and cash equivalents Cash comprises cash in hand and demand and call deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash, are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and are held for the purpose of meeting short term cash commitments rather than for investment or other purposes. Cash and cash equivalents are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. Cash and cash equivalents exclude balances held to meet statutory requirements and restricted deposits. 2.5 Financial assets and liabilities In accordance with IAS 39, all financial assets and liabilities which include derivative financial instruments are recognised in the statement of financial position and measured in accordance with their assigned category. Financial assets The Group allocates its financial assets to the IAS 39 category of: loans and receivables and available for sale financial assets. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition. 35
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.5 Financial assets and liabilities continued (i) Loans and receivables Loans and receivables are non derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market other than: (a) those that the Group intends to sell immediately or in the short term, which are classified or held for trading and those that the entity upon initial recognition designates at fair value through profit or loss; (b) those that the Group upon initial recognition designates as available for sale; (c) those for which the holder may not recover substantially all of its initial investment, other than because of credit deterioration. Loans and receivable are recognised when cash or the right to cash is advanced to a borrower and are carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The Group s loans and receivables include cash in bank and cash equivalents, treasury bills, deposit with other financial institution, loans and advances to customers, and originated debts. (ii) Available for sale financial assets Available for sale investments are those intended to be held for an indefinite period of time, which may be sold in response to needs for liquidity or changes in interest rates, exchange rates or equity prices. Purchases and sales of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity and available-for-sale are recognised on trade date- the date on which the Group commits to purchase or sell an asset. Available-for-sale financial assets are initially recognised at fair value being the transaction price less transaction cost. Available-for-sale financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value based on the current bid prices of quoted investments in active market If the market for available-for-sale financial assets is not active (such as investments in unlisted entities) and the fair value cannot be reliably measured, they are measured at cost. Gains and losses arising from the fair value of available-for-sale financial assets are recognised though other comprehensive income until the financial assets are derecognised or impaired, at which time, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised through other comprehensive income is removed and recognised in the profit or loss. Interest calculated using the effective interest method, dividend income and foreign currency gains and losses on financial assets classified as available for sale are recognised in the Statement of income. Dividends on available-for-sale equity instruments are recognised in the Statement of income when the right to receive payment is established. Financial assets are derecognised when the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets have expired or where the Bank has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. The Group s available for sale financial assets are separately presented in the statement of financial position. 36
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.5 Financial assets and liabilities continued Financial liabilities Financial liabilities are classified as other liabilities and are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs. They are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. Other liabilities include Customers deposits, due to other financial institutions, other borrowed funds and accumulated provisions, creditors and accruals. Financial liabilities are derecognised when they are extinguished that is, when the obligation is discharged, cancelled or expired. Derecognition Financial assets are derecognised when the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from these assets have ceased to exist or the assets have been transferred and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the assets are also transferred (that is, if substantially all the risks and rewards have not been transferred, the Group tests control to ensure that continuing involvement on the basis of any retained powers of control does not prevent derecognition). Financial liabilities are derecognised when they have been redeemed or otherwise extinguished. Reclassification of financial assets The Group may choose to reclassify financial assets that would meet the definition of loans and receivables out of the held for trading or available for sale categories if the Group has the intention and ability to hold these financial assets for the foreseeable future or until maturity at the date of reclassification. Reclassifications are made at fair value as of the reclassification date. Fair value becomes the new cost or amortised cost as applicable, and no reversals of fair value gains or losses recorded before reclassification date are subsequently made. Effective interest rates for financial assets reclassified to loans and receivables and held to maturity categories are determined at the reclassification date. Further increases in estimates of cash flows adjust effective interest rates prospectively. 37
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.6 Classes of financial instruments The Group classifies the financial instruments into classes that reflect the nature of information disclosed and take into account the characteristics of those financial instruments. The classification hierarchy can be seen in the table below: Cash and cash equivalents and deposits with other financial institutions Bank accounts Financial assets Loans and receivables Treasury bills and originated loans Loans and advances to customers Investment securities Government fixed rated bonds and long term note Primary lenders Equity and debt securities Financial liabilities Available for sale financial assets Financial liabilities at amortised cost Available for sale investments Customers deposits and borrowings Other liabilities and accrued expenses 2.7 Impairment of financial assets (a) Assets carried at amortised cost The Group assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired and impairment losses are incurred only if there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (a loss event ) and that loss event (or events) has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated. The criteria that the Group uses to determine that there is objective evidence of an impairment loss include: Cash flow difficulties experienced by the borrower; Delinquency in contractual payments of principal and interest; Breach of loan covenants or conditions; Deterioration in the value of collateral; Deterioration of the borrower s competitive position; and Initiation of bankruptcy proceedings. 38
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.7 Impairment of financial assets continued The Group first assesses whether objective evidence of impairment exists individually for financial assets that are individually significant, and individually or collectively for financial assets that are not individually significant. If the Group determines that no objective evidence of impairment exists for an individually assessed financial asset, whether significant or not, it includes the asset in a group of financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively assesses them for impairment. Assets that are individually assessed for impairment and for which an impairment loss is or continues to be recognised are not included in a collective assessment of impairment. If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss on loans and receivables and or held-to- maturity investments carried at amortised cost has occurred, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the asset s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the financial asset s original effective interest rate. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognised in the statement of income. If a loan or held-to-maturity investment has a variable interest rate, the discounted rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the contract. As a practical expedient, the Group may measure impairment on the basis of an instrument s fair value using an observable market price. The calculation of the present value of the estimated future cash flows of a collateralised financial asset reflects the cash flows that may or may not result from foreclosure less cost for obtaining and selling the collateral, whether or not foreclosure is probable. When a loan is uncollectible, it is written off against the related provision for loan impairment. Such loans are written off after all the necessary procedures have been completed and the amount of the loss has been determined. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited to the Bad Debt Recovered income account which is then used to decrease the amount of the provision for the loan impairment in the statement of income. If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss is recognised (such as an improvement in the debtor s credit rating), the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed by adjusting the allowance account. The amount of the reversal is recognised in the statement of income. 39
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.7 Impairment of financial assets continued (b) Assets classified as available-for-sale The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. In the case of equity investments classified as available for sale, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is considered in determining whether the assets are impaired. If any such evidence exists for available-for-sale financial assets, the cumulative loss measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognised in profit or loss is removed from equity and recognised in the statement of income. Impairment losses recognised in the statement of income on equity instruments are not reversed through the statement of income. If, in a subsequent period, the fair value of a debt instrument classified as available for sale increases and the increase can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognised in profit or loss, the impairment loss is reversed through the statement of income. (c) Renegotiated loans Loans and advances that are either subject to collective impairment assessment or individually significant and whose terms have been renegotiated are no longer considered to be past due but are treated as new loans. Management continuously reviews these accounts to ensure that all criteria are met and that future payments are likely to occur. 2.8 Offsetting financial instruments Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the statement of financial position when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 2.9 Employee benefits (a) Gratuity The Group provides a gratuity plan to its employees after 15 years of employment. The amount of the gratuity payment to eligible employees at retirement is computed with reference to final salary and calibrated percentage rates based on the number of years of service. Provisions for these amounts are included in the statement of financial position. 40
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.9 Employee benefits continued (b) Pension plan The Group operates a defined benefit plan. The administration of the plan is conducted by National Caribbean Insurance Company Limited, one of the subsidiaries. The plan is funded through payments to trustee-administered deposit funds determined by periodic actuarial calculations. A defined benefit plan is a pension plan which defines an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive on retirement based on factors such as age, year of service and final salary. The cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each reporting period. The asset figure recognised in the statement of financial position in respect of net defined benefit assets is the fair value of the plan assets less the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the reporting date. The retirement benefit asset recognised in the statement of financial position represents the actual surplus in the defined benefit plan. Re-measurements comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding interest) are recognised immediately in the statement of financial position with a charge or credit to other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurement recorded in other comprehensive income is not recycled. However, the Group may transfer those amounts recognised in other comprehensive income within equity. 2.10 Property, plant and equipment Land and buildings held for use in the production and supply of services, or for administrative purposes, are stated in the statement of financial position at their revalued amounts, being the fair value at the date of revaluation, less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses. Revaluations are performed with sufficient regularity, usually every five years, such that the carrying amount does not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair values at the year end. Any revaluation increase arising on the revaluation of such land and buildings is credited in equity to revaluation reserve, except to the extent that it reverses a revaluation decrease for the same asset previously recognised in income, in which case the increase is credited to income to the extent of the decrease previously charged. A decrease in the carrying amount arising on the revaluation of such land and buildings is charged to income to the extent that it exceeds the balance, if any, held in the fixed asset revaluation reserve relating to a previous revaluation of that asset. Depreciation on revalued buildings is charged to income. On the subsequent sale or retirement of a revalued property, any revaluation surplus remaining in the revaluation reserve is transferred directly to retained earnings. No transfer is made from the fixed asset revaluation reserve to retained earnings except when an asset is derecognised. 41
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.10 Property, plant and equipment continued Freehold land is not depreciated. Fixtures and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Depreciation is calculated on the following basis: Building: Leasehold improvements: Equipment, fixtures and motor vehicles: 25 45 years 25 years, or over the period of lease if less than 25 years 3 10 years Depreciation is charged so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets, other than freehold land, over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at each year-end, with the effect of any changes in estimates accounted for on a prospective basis. All repairs and maintenance are charged to income during the financial period in which they are incurred. The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in statement of income. 2.11 Intangible assets Acquired computer software licences are capitalized on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and to bring into use the specific software. These costs are amortized on the basis of the expected useful life of such software which is three to five years. Assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for impairment. Assets that are subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. 2.12 Impairment of non financial assets Non financial assets that are subject to amortisation are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash generating units). Non financial assets other than goodwill that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date. 42
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.13 Insurance contracts i) Classification The Group issues contracts that transfer insurance risk or financial risk or both. Insurance contracts are those contracts that transfer significant insurance risk. Such contracts may also transfer financial risk. ii) Recognition and measurement Insurance contracts issued are classified as short-term insurance contracts and long-term insurance contracts with fixed and guaranteed payments. Short-term insurance contracts Property and casualty insurance business Property and casualty insurance contracts are generally one year renewable contracts issued by the Group covering insurance risks over property, motor, accident and marine. Property insurance contracts mainly compensate the Group s customers for damage suffered to their properties or for the value of the property lost. Customers who undertake commercial activities on their premises could also receive compensation for the loss of earnings caused by the inability to use the insured properties in their business activities (business interruption cover). Casualty insurance contracts protect the Group s customers against the risk of causing harm to third parties as a result of their legitimate activities. Damages covered include both contractual and non-contractual events. The typical protection offered is designed for individual and business customers who become liable to pay compensation to a third party for bodily harm or property damages (public liability). Premiums are recognized as revenue (earned premiums) proportionally over the period of coverage. The portion of premium received on in-force contracts that relates to unexpired risks at the reporting date is reported as the unexpired insurance risk. Premiums are shown before deduction of commissions. Claims and loss adjustment expenses are charged to income as incurred based on the estimated liability for compensation owed to contract holders or third parties damaged by the contract holders. They include direct and indirect claims settlement costs and arise from events that have occurred up to the reporting date even if they have not yet been reported to the Company. The Company does not discount its liabilities for unpaid claims. Liabilities for unpaid claims are estimated using: the input of assessments for individual cases reported to the Company; and statistical analyses for the claims incurred but not reported. These are used to estimate the expected ultimate cost of more complex claims that may be affected by external factors (such as court decisions). 43
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.13 Insurance contracts continued ii) Recognition and measurement Health insurance business Health insurance contracts are generally one year renewable contracts issued by the Group covering insurance risks for medical expenses of insured persons. The liabilities of health insurance policies are estimated in respect of claims that have been incurred but not reported and claims that have been reported but not yet paid, due to the time taken to process the claim. Long-term insurance contracts with fixed and guaranteed terms Life insurance business These contracts insure events associated with human life (for example, death and survival) over a long duration. Premiums are recognized as revenue when they are received or become receivable from the policyholder. Premiums are shown before deduction of commission. Benefits are recorded as an expense when they are incurred. The determination of actuarial liabilities on life polices is based on the Net Level Premium ( NLP ) reserve method. This reserve method uses net premiums as opposed to calculating reserves on a first principles gross premium valuation. The NLP reserve method does not use lapse rates or expenses and takes into consideration only the bonus additions allocated to the policy to date. Future bonus additions are not considered in the valuation. The Group utilises an actuary for the determination of the actuarial liabilities. These liabilities consist of amounts that together with future premiums and investment income are required to provide for policy benefits, expenses and taxes on life insurance contracts. The process of calculating actuarial liabilities for future policy benefits involves the use of estimates concerning factors such as mortality and morbidity rates, future investment yields and future expense levels and persistency. The liabilities are recalculated at each end of the reporting period using the assumptions established at inception of the contracts. iii) Reinsurance contracts held The Group obtains reinsurance contracts coverage for insurance risks underwritten. The Group cedes insurance premiums and risk related to property and casualty contracts in the normal course of business in order to limit the potential for losses arising from its exposures. Reinsurance does not relieve the Group of its liability. The benefits to which the Group are entitled under reinsurance contracts held are recognised as reinsurance assets. Reinsurance assets are assessed for impairment and if evidence that the asset is impaired exists, the impairment is recorded in the statement of income. The obligations of the Group under reinsurance contracts held are included under insurance contract liabilities. 44
2 Significant accounting policies continued 2.13 Insurance contracts continued iv) Liability adequacy test At the date of the financial statements, liability adequacy tests are performed by the Group to ensure the adequacy of insurance contract liabilities, using current estimates of the related expected future cash flows. If a test indicates that the carrying value of insurance contract liabilities is inadequate, then the liabilities are adjusted to correct the deficiency. The deficiency is included in the statement of income under claims and benefits. v) Receivables and payables related to insurance contracts Receivables and payables are recognised when due. These include amounts due to and from agents, brokers and insurance contract holders. If there is objective evidence that the insurance receivable is impaired, the Group reduces the carrying amount of the insurance receivable accordingly and recognises that impairment loss in the statement of comprehensive income. The Group gathers the objective evidence that an insurance receivable is impaired using the same process adopted for financial assets held at amortised cost. The impairment loss is also calculated under the same method used for these financial assets. vi) Salvage and subrogation reimbursements Some insurance contracts permit the Group to sell (usually damaged) property acquired in settling a claim (for example, salvage). The Group may also have the right to pursue third parties for payment of some or all costs (for example, subrogation). Estimates of salvage recoveries are included as an allowance in the measurement of the insurance liability for claims, and salvage property is recognised in other assets until the liability is settled. The allowance is the amount that can reasonably be recovered from the disposal of the property. Subrogation reimbursements are also considered as an allowance in the measurement of the insurance liability for claims and are recognised in other assets until the liability is settled. The allowance is the amount of the assets that can be recovered from the action against the liable third party. 2.14 Investment in associates Associates are those entities over which the Group is able to exert significant influence but which are not subsidiaries. Associate companies are accounted for using the equity method. 45