WILL RATES RISE AND HOW DO WE PREPARE?

WILL RATES RISE AND HOW DO WE PREPARE? Craig Inches Senior Fund Manager Emmanuel Archampong Business Development Manager 29 April 2015

CORPORATE BACKGROUND Royal London Group Established over 150 years ago Diversified business model Mutual ownership, not share price driven S&P A CCR rating*, stable outlook Investment RL (CIS) Ltd Intermediary Consumer Royal London Asset Management Royal London Platform Services (Ascentric) The Co-operative Insurance The Co-operative Investments Royal London Pensions (Scottish Life) Bright Grey Direct to Consumer Royal London Financial Planner Scottish Provident Caledonian Life Source: Royal London as at 31 March 2015. *Source: S&P May 2014. 2

OUR CAPABILITIES UK Property Commercial Cash Bespoke segregated Money Market Cash Plus Enhanced Cash Plus Active Equity UK Equity Income European Ops Global Income 6% 31% 9% 4% Liability Driven Investment Bespoke segregated 86bn 50% Sterling Credit Active Buy & Maintain Extra Yield Global Credit Global High Yield Extra Yield Multi Asset Credit Government Bonds UK & Global EMD Absolute Return Bonds G10 Govt Credit Passive Equity UK, Europe, US, Asia Pac Multi-Asset 40bn under management Head of Multi-Asset Fixed Interest Equities Property Cash Other 45bn of our total assets are managed for insurance companies. Over 60 unique insurance companies across all sectors: Life, P&C, Health, Reinsurance and Captives. Source: RLAM as at 31 March 2015 3

INSURANCE SOLUTIONS Insurance Investing Insurance Solutions Insurance Client Services Business considerations in shaping the client's investment portfolio Liability and liquidity Risk appetite Regulatory capital and actuarial considerations Understanding the Solvency II implications on various investment strategies Supporting insurance clients to meet non-standard insurance reporting Solvency II reporting: Look through on assets Unique security classifications We believe insurance investment management requires a dedicated partner with an understanding of the local insurance industry. 4

WILL RATES RISE?

WILL RATES RISE? Scenarios 1. Slow rehabilitation more typical of recovery from previous financial crisis 2. Cheap money delivers strong recovery. Reflation is the only way out 3. No traction in recovery 6

ECONOMIC BACKDROP UK GDP % qoq 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 % 0.0 0.0-0.5-0.5-1.0-1.0-1.5 1985-2010 ave revision to initial est of GDP w 0.25%qoq & ave absolute revision (regardless -1.5 of sign) was 0.5%qoq. -2.0 100 year ave GDP growth 2.5% -2.0-2.5 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 1Q % change of GDP AT MARKET PRICES (CVM) : United Kingdom -2.5 Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream 7

ECONOMIC BACKDROP UK Unemployment Rate % 9 8 7 6 5 4 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 UK LFS: UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, ALL, AGED 16 Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream as at March 2015. 8

ECONOMIC BACKDROP BCC Survey - Business Confidence 80 60 40 20 0-20 -40 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 British Chambers of Commerce : Services - Confidence. Turnover : United Kingdom BCC Bus. Svy. - Manufacturing, confidence, turnover : United Kingdom Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream as at March 2015. 9

ECONOMIC BACKDROP US Private Sector Payrolls (000s) 400 200 0-200 -400-600 -800 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 3M moving average of 1M actual change of EMPLOYED - TOTAL PRIVATE : United States Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream as at March 2015. 10

ECONOMIC BACKDROP Citigroup EZ Economic Surprise Index 80 60 40 20 0-20 -40-60 -80-100 Mar 13 Sep 13 Mar 14 Sep 14 Mar 15 CESI - EUROZONE : Eurozone Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream as at March 2015. 11

CENTRAL BANK CHECKLIST MORE DUCKS TO ALIGN THAN IN THE PAST 1994 2003-2007 2014 Employment growth (k) Headline unemployment rate Involuntary part time employment (m) Core CPI Headline CPI Household inflation expectations % Unit labour costs %yoy Trade weighted dollar 1994 2003-2007 2014 Employment growth (k) 240 130 260 Headline unemployment rate 6.1 5.1 6.1 Involuntary part time employment (m) 4.6 4.4 7.2 Household inflation expectations % 3.3 2.9 2.8 Unit labour costs %yoy 0.3 1.7 1.8 Trade weighted dollar 91 87 83 Core CPI 2.8 2 1.7 Headline CPI 2.6 2.9 1.6 12

RATE EXPECTATIONS MARKET RELUCTANT TO BELIEVE IN RECOVERY Expected path of Interest Rates 2.5 RLAM Market 2.0 1.5 % 1.0 0.5 0.0 Source: Bloomberg as at April 2015. 13

SUMMARY UK economy has staged strong if belated recovery Labour market data shows mixed picture Signs of improvement in Europe Inflation remains low BOE sending confused signals (?) Interest rates likely to rise, but peak lower A more unpredictable political environment 14

HOW DO WE PREPARE?

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR CASH INVESTORS Low return world Concentration risk Liquidity problems Outlook for deposit rates Consider Floating Rate Notes (FRNs) Secured assets in a bail-in regime Making the right fund choice 16

RETURNS ARE A REFLECTION OF LIBOR DECLINE 3mth BP0003M LIBOR Index UKBRBASE BoE Base Rate Index 3mth LIBOR/ BP0003M BoE Index Base - UKBRBASE Rate Spread Index 9 160 8 140 7 120 % 6 5 4 200bps rise in rates bps 100 80 60 40 100bps rise spread 3 20 2 0 1-20 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013-40 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream April 2014. 17

CHOICE AND CREDIT QUALITY OF BANKS HAS REDUCED Royal London universe of cash counterparties 2008 (73) Average AA- or Aa3 2008 (46) 2015 (46*) 2015 (22**) *31 on negative credit watch **13 on negative credit watch Source: RLAM as at 31 March 2015. 18

DEPOSITS What is it? A non-breakable/breakable deposit held at a financial institution that has a fixed rate of interest and maturity date Themes Historically, deposits received preferential rates due to illiquidity In recent times financial institutions offered attractive rates direct to long term investors (not to large financial institutions) Liquid instrument, but the secondary market is not what it once was due to lack of bank balance sheet Risks Unsecured lender (default & Bail-in risk) Concentrated counterparty risk Mark to market risk if rates rise 19

OUTLOOK FOR DEPOSIT RATES Less access to cheap government funding/continued funding for lending scheme should result in LIBOR increasing Bank capital positions continue to improve, yet not reflected in ratings, hence lower rated banks have to offer attractive yields to fund Banks trying to fund early ahead of potential rate rises and the expected increase in LIBOR rates RLAM expects BoE base rate to be 0.75% by end 2015 2.5 2 UK Bank CD Yield Implied UK Bank CD yield in 1yrs time Yield % 1.5 1 0.5 0 Overnight 4 Month 8 Month 12 Month 16 Month 20 Month 24 Month Duration Source: RLAM as at 24 April 2015. 20

CONSIDER FLOATING RATE NOTES (FRN) What is it? Floating rate notes (FRNs) are bonds that have a variable coupon, equal to a money market reference rate, like LIBOR, plus a quoted fixed spread Benefits Spread to LIBOR set at issue Spread to LIBOR set at issue 3 month LIBOR interest rate risk Re-fix risk At issue At maturity Re-fixes quarterly to 3mth LIBOR rate, hence offers protection against rising interest rates Risks Mark to market credit risk (spread movement and extension risk) UK housing market risk (in the case of covered FRNs) Default risk (low in the case of high quality credit) 21

REGULATORY CHANGE The EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) Aims to minimise taxpayers exposure to banking failures UK Jan 2015 Europe Jan 2016 Bail-in provisions will give authorities the ability to disrupt the rights of creditors and shareholders and to sell or transfer the business of an institution Assets excluded from Bail-in: Deposits covered by insurance protection Covered bonds Unsecured deposits with original maturity < 7 days Assets liable to be Bail-in include: Shareholders Bondholders Unsecured depositors >7 days not covered by insurance protection Banks currently have up to three levels of upgrade by ratings agencies because of potential systemic support Bank credit ratings likely to move down in anticipation of declining sovereign support Solvency II recognises cash is not risk free deposits have counterparty risk 22

COVERED BONDS PROVIDE INVESTOR SECURITY What is it? Securities issued by banks and building societies, where the security is backed by a separate pool of loans. Covered bonds typically carry a maximum 10 year maturity rate and enjoy relatively high credit ratings Lloyds 0% 22/03/17 Benefits Collateralised by a high quality pool of mortgage assets that are regulated by the BoE. Bondholders have both a secured claim on assets and an unsecured claim on the bank Exempt from bail-in and highly liquid Coupon Size Credit rating Charge on properties Floating 1bn AAA Legal charge on prime UK mortgage book Risks Mark to market credit risk (spread movement) UK Housing market Default risk (limited as no covered bond defaulted to date) Current yield 0.70% Spread (vs LIBOR) 0.12% Source: RLAM as at 10 April 2015. 23

SHORT DURATION FUND SUITE CASH & ENHANCED CASH Short Term Money Market Cash Plus Enhanced Cash Plus Rating AAA AAA AA Duration Max 60 Days 3 to 6 months > 6 months Target 7 Day LIBID 7 Day LIBID + 0.50% to 0.75% 7 Day LIBID + 1.00% to 1.25% Key Features Liquid Diversified Liquid Diversified Higher yielding than MMF Broader investment universe Liquid Diversified Higher yielding than Cash Plus Broader investment universe Larger exposure to FRNs 24

SHORT DURATION FUND SUITE CONSERVATIVE ALPHA Average Rating Short Duration Gilts Short Duration Global Index Linked Short Duration Credit AA+ AA A- Duration 3 years 5 years 3 years Benchmark FTA Gilt <5 years Index 50% Barclays UK 1-10 yr 50% Barclays Global 1-10yr Inflation Linked Bond Indecies BofA ML 1-5 year Sterling Non-Gilt All Stocks Index Target + 0.50% + 0.50% + 0.50% Key Features Captures market inefficiencies Invests according to long-term strategic view Exploits short-term tactical opportunities Globally diversified Captures market inefficiencies Invests according to long-term strategic view Exploits short-term tactical opportunities Focus on security Capture illiquidity premium Sterling issuance, globally diversified 25

SHORT DURATION FUND SUITE HIGH ALPHA Duration Hedged Credit Absolute Return Government Bonds Short Duration Global High Yield Average Rating BBB+ AA B Duration Typically 3 months +/- 1 year < 2 years Benchmark 3 Month LIBOR SONIA 3 Month LIBOR Target + 2.00% + 2.50-3.00% + 4.00% Key Features Duration hedged with swaps Focus on security Capture illiquidity premium Sterling issuance, globally diversified Invests in G10 economies Designed for all market conditions Captures market inefficiencies Invests according to long-term strategic view Exploits short-term tactical opportunities Globally diversified Focus on US, European and EM high yield markets Focus on security 26

CASH PLUS PROFILE 60% 50% 40% 30% Interest Rate Risk Covered 29.63% Asset Allocation Cash 0.49% 20% 10% 0% 0-90 days 91-180 days 181-270 days 271-365 days Performance >1 year Average duration 0.4 years Average credit spread duration 0.9 years % 1.4% 1.2% 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% 6 Months 1 Year Ann 3 Years Ann SI Ann RL Cash Plus Fund 0.55% 1.07% 1.24% 1.09% 7 Day LIBID 0.17% 0.36% 0.40% 0.44% 27 Supranationals & Agencies & Coporate 19.35% AA 1.35% AA+ 7.86% AAA 25.07% AA- 14.70% Credit Rating Source: RLAM and FE as at 31 March 2015. Since inception date for RL Cash Plus Fund is 22 June 2011. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of investments and the income from them is not guaranteed and may go down as well as up and investors may not get back the amount originally invested. F1+ 19.76% Cash Instruments 50.58% F1 30.82%

SHORT DURATION FUND SUITE OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES Short Duration Global High Yield Return Duration Hedged Credit Short Duration Global Linkers G10 Absolute Return Cash Plus Short Duration Credit Cash Short Duration Gilts Enhanced Cash Plus For illustrative purposes only Risk *Cash refers to the Short Term Money Market Fund. 28

WILL RATES RISE AND WHERE TO INVEST A RANGE OF FUNDS TO SUIT ALL OUTCOMES Scenario Outcome Yield Slow rehabilitation more typical of recovery from previous financial crisis Short Duration Gilt Short Duration Credit Short Global High Yield Duration Hedged Credit Absolute Return Government Bond 0.7% 2.5% 3.5% 3.3% 2.8% Cheap money delivers strong recovery; Reflation is the only way out Cash Cash Plus Enhanced Cash Plus Short Duration Global Linkers Absolute Return Government Bond 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 0.9% 2.8% No traction in recovery UK Government Bond Sterling Credit 1.4% 3.5% 29

APPENDIX

SHORT DURATION PRODUCT SUITE Fund Typical duration Benchmark Target return Cash Gilts Credit Index-linked Cash Plus Less than 1 year 7 day LIBID 7 day LIBID + 0.75% Core Cash instruments Strategic Short-dated gilts Tactical Medium-dated gilts Strategic Covered bonds -- Short Duration Gilt 3 years FTA Gilt <5 years Index 1.00-1.25% Tactical Cash instruments Core Short-dated gilts Strategic Medium-dated gilts Tactical Overseas government bonds Tactical Short-dated corporate bonds Tactical Short- and mediumdated UK & overseas IL government bonds Short Duration Credit 3 years BofA ML 1-5 year Sterling Non- Gilt All Stocks Index 2.75-3.00% Tactical Cash instruments Tactical Short-dated gilts Core Short-dated UK corporate bonds Tactical Medium-dated UK corporate bonds, short-dated overseas corporate bonds -- Duration Hedged Credit 0 years 3 month LIBOR LIBOR + 2.0% -- Core Gilts held as collateral against interest rate swaps Core Broad range of UK & overseas corporate bonds -- Short Duration Global Index Linked 5 years 50% Barclays UK 1-10 year inflation linked bond index; 50% Barclays Global 1-10 year inflation linked bond index (GBP Hedged) Benchmark + 0.50% p.a. over rolling 3 year periods Tactical Cash instruments Tactical Short-dated UK & overseas government bonds Tactical Short-dated IL credit Core Short-dated UK & overseas IL government bonds Short Duration Global High Yield Less than 2 years 3 month LIBOR LIBOR +2.0% Tactical Cash instruments Tactical Short-dated UK & overseas government bonds Core Short-dated high yield bonds -- Source RLAM

RL SHORT DURATION CREDIT FUND FUND PROFILE The fund contains short dated, mostly investment grade credit bonds The fund aims to achieve outperformance from multiple sources Stock selection, asset allocation, duration and yield curve management as well as off-benchmark investing We firmly believe in credit diversification as a way of reducing single name credit risk Fund facts Fund Manager Paola Binns Inception date 8 November 2013 Fund size 47.4m Duration 2.7 years No of holdings 150-180 Return 6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% Benchmark Performance Target ML 1-5 year Sterling Non-Gilt All Stocks Index The fund seeks to outperform its benchmark by 0.5% per annum over rolling three year periods 1.0% 0.0% 6 Months 1 Yr Ann SI Ann RLAM 3.44% 5.64% 4.82% Index 2.74% 4.28% 3.53% Source: RLAM as at 31 March 2015. Fund performance stated gross of fees and gross of tax. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of investments and the income from them is not guaranteed and may go down as well as up and investors may not get back the amount originally invested. 32

RL DURATION HEDGED CREDIT FUND FUND PROFILE Aims to achieve outperformance from corporate bonds, while using derivatives to protect against interest rate risk Majority of assets allocated to investment grade corporate bonds across a range of maturities Targeting a duration of zero at all times (though may fluctuate around zero) Fund Manager Fund facts Paola Binns 6% Inception date 24 September 2012 Fund size 196.1m Duration 0.3 years No of holdings 150-250 Return 4% 2% Benchmark Performance Target 3 Month LIBOR 3 Month LIBOR + 2% over the medium - long term (5-7 years) 0% 6 Months 1 Yr Ann 2 Yr Ann SI Ann RLAM 0.81% 2.64% 5.05% 1.49% Index 0.28% 0.54% 0.52% 0.14% Source: RLAM as at 31 March 2015. Fund performance stated gross of fees and gross of tax. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of investments and the income from them is not guaranteed and may go down as well as up and investors may not get back the amount originally invested. 33

RL ABSOLUTE RETURN GOVERNMENT BOND FUND FUND PROFILE The investment objective of the fund is to target absolute positive capital growth. The fund invests in a portfolio comprising of fixed and/or floating rate investment grade government and inflation linked bonds, supranational and sovereign Floating Rate Notes issued by the G10 Member States and derivatives (please refer to page 10 of this document for a summary of permitted derivatives). The fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by outperforming its benchmark, the Sterling Overnight Index (SONIA) on an annual basis by between 2.5% and 3% over rolling three year periods and aims to provide positive performance over a 12 month periods. Fund facts Fund Manager Paul Rayner & Darren Bustin Inception date 17 November 2014 1.2% 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% Fund size Benchmark Performance Target 127.6m SONIA (Sterling Overnight Index Average) SONIA + 2.5%-3% per annum over rolling 36 months 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% -0.2% Mar-15 Feb-15 Jan-15 Dec-14 Nov-14* SI RLAM -0.02% -0.03% 0.59% 0.02% -0.03% 0.54% Index 0.04% 0.03% 0.04% 0.04% 0.01% 0.16% Target 0.26% 0.23% 0.25% 0.25% 0.11% 1.10% Source: RLAM, in Sterling, as at 31 March 2015. Fund returns are gross of fees. *Inception date of fund is 17 November 2014. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of investments and the income from them is not guaranteed and may go down as well as up and investors may not get back the amount originally invested. 34

CRAIG INCHES Senior Fund Manager Craig Inches joined RLAM in January 2009 as a Fund Manager with the Fixed Income Team. He is responsible for the management of short dated cash and government bond portfolios including enhanced cash, index linked bonds, gilts and non UK sovereign debt. Craig joined RLAM after a successful 11 year career at Scottish Widows Investment Partnership. At SWIP, Craig built up a strong track record across a wide range of fixed interest funds, being appointed Fixed Income Investment Director in 2003. Craig has an MSc in Investment Analysis from Stirling University and a BSc (Hons) in Actuarial Mathematics and Statistics from Heriot-Watt University. 35

RISK WARNING Important Information For professional investors and advisors only. This document may not be distributed to any unauthorised persons and is not suitable for retail clients. This document is for information purposes only and it is not intended as promotional material in any respect. The material is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. Nor does it provide, and should not be relied on for, accounting, legal or tax advice, or investment recommendations. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of investments and the income from them is not guaranteed and may go down as well as up and investors may not get back the amount originally invested. For funds that use derivatives, their use may be beneficial, however, they also involve specific risks. Derivatives may alter the economic exposure of a fund over time, causing it to deviate from the performance of the broader market. Where this document references the trade marks FTSE, FT-SE and Footsie, these are owned by the London Stock Exchange Group companies and are used by FTSE under licence. The FTSE All Share index is calculated by FTSE. FTSE does not sponsor, endorse or promote the product referred to in this document and is not in any way connected to it and does not accept any liability in relation to its issue, operation and trading. All copyright and database rights in the index values and constituent list vest in FTSE. All confidential information relating to any Royal London Group company must be treated by you in the strictest confidence. It may only be used for the purposes of assessing the proposal to engage Royal London Asset Management Limited (RLAM). Confidential information should not be disclosed to any third party and should only be disclosed to those of your employees and professional advisers who are required to see such information for the purpose set out above. You should ensure that these persons are made aware of the confidential nature of such information and treat it accordingly. You agree to return and/ or destroy all confidential information on receipt of our written request to do so. Issued by Royal London Asset Management Limited, 55 Gracechurch Street, London, EC3V 0RL Registration Number 141665 which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. 36

For any queries or questions please contact: Emmanuel Archampong Insurance Solutions Royal London Asset Management Limited 55 Gracechurch Street London EC3V 0RL T +44 (0)20 7015 2519 F +44 (0)20 7506 6796 Emmanuel.archampong@rlam.co.uk Issued by Royal London Asset Management April 2015. Information correct at that date unless otherwise stated. Royal London Asset Management Limited, registered in England and Wales number 2244297; Royal London Unit Trust Managers Limited, registered in England and Wales number 2372439. RLUM (CIS) Limited, registered in England and Wales number 2369965. All of these companies are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. All of these companies are subsidiaries of The Royal London Mutual Insurance Society Limited, registered in England and Wales number 99064. Registered Office: 55 Gracechurch Street, London, EC3V 0RL. The marketing brand also includes Royal London Asset Management Bond Funds Plc, an umbrella company with segregated liability between sub-funds, authorised and regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland, registered in Ireland number 364259. Registered office: 70 Sir John Rogerson s Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland. Our ref: 384-PRO-04/2015-CL