Overview of the Social Transfers Policy Framework. NAP 2 Pillars Key features of the HSCT Who are the stakeholders? How will it be implemented? Where will it be implemented? When will it be implemented? Monitoring Stakeholders roles and Harmonisation
First pillar in the development of the Social Protection policy in Zimbabwe. Has been developed in Multi - sectoral way by consultations. All sectors of the economy have to input towards the policy draft Multi -Sectoral Approach to promote national Ownership and sustainability
Harmonise social Transfer programmes for progressive impacts. Improve the relevancy and adequacy of social transfers to achieve intended policy impact whilst adhering to set minimum standards Increase effective and institutional arrangements for social transfers interventions Establish a coherent framework for linking social transfers to country s broad development policies
Poverty has various manifestations, including lack of income and productive resources sufficient to ensure sustainable livelihoods; hunger and malnutrition; ill health; limited access to education and other basic services; increased morbidity and mortality from illness; homelessness and inadequate housing; unsafe environments; and social discrimination and exclusion. Botes, 2009
child-sensitive social protection should focus on aspects of well-being that include: providing adequate child and maternal nutrition; access to quality basic services for the poorest and most marginalized; supporting families and caregivers in their child care role, including increasing the time available within the household; addressing gender inequality; preventing discrimination and child abuse in and outside the home; reducing child labour; increasing caregivers access to employment or income generation; and preparing adolescents for their own livelihoods, taking account of their role as current and future workers and parents UNICEF 2011
PA currently comprises of the following schemes: Support to Families Maintenance Allowance to Older Persons in Instistutions Disability Allowances Assistive Devices for the Disabled Public Works AMTO Pauper burials 7
Bi-monthly unconditional cash transfers averaging $20/month/household Targets labour constrained food-poor Households Uses administrative two-tier targeting approach Employs CIT cash delivery method Outsources targeting and cash delivery to private companies Managed through a Harmonised MIS database 9
Training of Contractors Targeting Training of CPCs Approval of Beneficiaries Cash Payment Monitoring 10
To lift extremely poor (food poor) people out of life threatening poverty To alleviate the poverty of people that suffer from any of the manifestations of poverty listed in the definition of poverty given above To reduce the vulnerability of people to falling into poverty
Private Sector (Targeting and Cash Delivery) CSO (Child Protection, Services) Legal Framework (Regulatory Role) Government (Provision Of Services) Case Management CPCs (Child Protection, Targeting Verification) Well being of families and Children Improved.
VERIFICATION DSSO CPC CSO $ Private Sector + Regulatory Framework Child Protection Services in the Community (MoLSS and partners) MoLSS BEAM, AMTO s & CT = Cash Transfer Programme Child Protection Case Management System REDUCING HOUSEHOLD REDUCING HOUSEHOLD POVERTY PROTECTION FROM VIOLENCE ABUSE AND EXPLOITATION
Working Party of Officials DONORS Technical Review Committee National Core Team Civil Society Private Sector Community Structures 7 Ministries; NAC, NGOs, UNICEF, donors & CSOs DFID, EC, SIDA & Netherlands 5 line ministries, NAC, SIDA, DFID and UNICEF DSS, UNICEF, NAC Implementing NGOs Private Contractors CPCs, Traditional Leaders, RDCs
Household Targeting Labour Constrained and food poor households Targeting Mechanism 1. Census of all household (one-page form 0) 2. Poverty assessment of labour constrained (twopage Form 2) 3. List of labour constrained food poor households produced and approved
No able bodied HH member 18-59 years to do productive work. Able bodied member present but has to care for more than 3 members less than 18 or above 59 who are sick. HH that can not benefit sufficiently from labor based interventions.
Food Poor- Living below the food poverty line. Total household expenditure exceeds amount required to get minimal food requirements (2100Kcal) Cannot purchase essential non food items e.g. soap, clothes Thus chronic hunger prevails
Cash In transit will be used National Programme Office using MIS sends payment schedule to delivery agency and instructs bank to transfer respective funds to the payment agency Beneficiaries are issued with beneficiary cards Payment is made bi monthly
CIT the following payments are done at one or two central pay points per ward using a fixed schedule At the end of each payment cycle the delivery agencies report electronically to the Central Programme Office on transfers done (Form 6) and refund the balance to the programme account (Reconciliation using Form 8)
VOLUME OF TRANSFERS 1 Person Household $10 2 Person Household $15 3 Person Household $20 4 Person and more $25 *Synchronized with the current welfare programmes
THE HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY The household: production-consumption unit; production > consumption; rational economic behaviour The context: political environmental cultural etc... which changes over time and affects access to resources and opportunities Food/Cash Income/ (Production) Cash savings Food stocks Labour Expenditure (consumption) Livestock Land Analysis - transparent and logical Adapted from the HEA frame work 22
Out put level-strengthen the purchasing power of targeted households Out Come Level-empower targeted households to increase consumption above the food poverty line Impact level- Increase the consumption of goods and services (basic needs) =improved nutrition, health education reduced mortality
Intervention BEAM Nature of Intervention School fees, exam fees AMTOS Health vouchers X Public Works Support to chn in distress Cash for work & free cash Monthly cash to chn and material support Compliment HSCT X X X Will Be Replaced Free cash for labour constrained hsehlds will be replaced. Cash components will be replaced.
HSCT - Labour Constrained Food Poor HHs Share databases to avoid duplication PRP - chronically poor and able, chronically poor and unable, & transient poor WFP - Newly started on ART, TB treatment, food insecure households
Province District No. of wards Total No. of hhs No. of labour constrained food poor hhs Manicaland Makoni/Rusape 45 49,768 4,977 Mash Central Rushinga 19 13,427 1,343 Mash East Goromondzi 25 32,724 3,272 Mash West Kariba 12 7,687 769 Masvingo Chivi 25 31,088 3,109 Mat North Umguza 18 16,118 1,611 Mat South Mangwe 12 14,655 1,466 Midlands Zishavane 18 13,790 1,379 Harare Epworth 6 22,814 2,281 Bulawayo Bulawayo Wards 8,14,18,19,27,29 6 29,402 2,940 Totals 153 231,657 23,166 Average 15 23,166 2,317 Source: Zimbabwe population census 2002
We monitor in order to ascertain: The activities performed by the programme The outputs achieved in terms of quantity and quality Deviations between targets planned and targets achieved An analysis of the reasons for the deviations Corrective action proposed and/or implemented Assistance required from provincial and/or national units 27
IMS Data Flow DSS District 1 compiles Monitoring Reports & submits to DSS Province DSS District 2 compiles Monitoring Reports & submits to DSS Province DSS District n compiles Monitoring Reports & submits to DSS Province DSS Province 1: feedback to District and also forwards commented reports to DSS National DSS Province 2: feedback to District and also forwards commented reports to DSS National DSS Province 10: feedback to District and also forwards commented reports to DSS National DSS National receives Reports, provides feedback provinces & compiles HSCT Program Report UNICEF receives copies of commented District & l/national Reports & provides feedback to DSS National. UNICEF sends commented HSCT Program Report to OECD partners. OECD partners receive HSCT Program Report and give feedback to UNICEF.
Working Party of Officials DONORS Technical Review Committee National Core Team Private Sector Community Structures Policy Oversight Provides funding Reviews proposals and authorizes funding Implements, coordinates and gives technical advise Targeting, Cash delivery technical consultancies Targetting and coordination at
Gvt recognises the multi- sectoral nature of the social protection policy Different roles will be played by different stakeholders Stakeholders include individuals, state actors, non state actors, development partners and private sector. 30
Govt has the mandate to ensure social protection. NGOS continue to do research on various modalities and share information. NGOs continue to programme in social protection Need to follow Govt methodology for easy take over e.g. of databases. Need for reporting all cash transfer activities and targets through DSS sun national offices
Line Ministries National Steering Committee on Social Transfers Oversees Policy Implementation Civil Society Organisations, UN, Government Departments Programme Technical Committees/ Working Groups on Social Transfers Sub Committees of the NSCST and oversees social protection interventions implementation Donors, UN, CSOs Development Partners Sources Funding and formulate Budgets for adoption by NSCST 32
Planning and Coordination Provinces District : Implementat ion District Monitoring of work by contractors Harmonised Cash Transfers DSSO does retargeti ng
Pre- Targeting 1. Enumerators collect demographic data from all households per Ward and fill in Form 0 Key Case Management Functions Targeting and registration 3. Enumerators interview all labour constrained households & fill in Form 2 5. DSSO uses data bank to approve households that meet eligibility criteria (Form3) 7. Prog. Manager prints benef. cards and transfers funds & payment schedule (Form6) to delivery organization 4. Survey Administrator ensures that data from Form 2 are entered in data bank 6. DSSO sends data of approved beneficiaries to national level data bank 8. DSSO gives benef. cards and information on venue and date of first payments to CPC Post- Targeting 10. DSSO and delivery company organize launch and payment process 9. CPC informs beneficiaries on approval and on first pay day Beneficiaries access monthly transfers 34
Social Cash Transfers Is it the Panacea to the child insecurity woes??
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