CALEDONIA MINING CORPORATION MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS ( MD&A ) This discussion and analysis of the consolidated operating results and financial condition of Caledonia Mining Corporation ( Caledonia or the Company ) is for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, ( Q3 or the Quarter ) and the period until November 7,. Unless otherwise indicated, the information in this MD&A is as of November 7,. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as at September 30, and the Annual Report for the year ended December 31,, which are available from the System for Electronic Data Analysis and Retrieval at www.sedar.com or from Caledonia s website at www.caledoniamining.com. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared using accounting policies consistent with International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ). In this MD&A, the terms Caledonia, the Company, we, our and us refer to the consolidated operations of Caledonia Mining Corporation and our subsidiaries unless otherwise specifically noted or the context requires otherwise. Note that all currency references in this document are to Canadian Dollars unless indicated otherwise. - 1 -
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 1. OVERVIEW... 3 2. REVIEW OF THE QUARTER... 3 3. SUMMARY FINANCIAL RESULTS... 5 4. OPERATIONS AT THE BLANKET GOLD MINE, ZIMBABWE... 7 4.1 Safety, Health and Environment ( SHE )... 7 4.2 Social Investment and Contribution to the Zimbabwean Economy... 8 4.3 Gold Production... 9 4.4 Production costs... 9 4.5 Underground... 11 4.6 Metallurgical Plant... 11 4.7 Capital Projects... 11 4.8 Opportunities... 12 4.9 Outlook... 12 5. EXPLORATION AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT... 13 5.1 Nama Copper Project, Zambia... 13 5.2 Nama Cobalt Project, Zambia... 13 5.3 Gold: Zimbabwe... 13 6. INVESTING... 14 7. FINANCING... 14 8. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES... 14 9. OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS, CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES... 15 10. NON-IFRS MEASURES... 15 11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS... 17 12. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES... 17 13. SECURITIES OUTSTANDING... 18 14. RISK ANALYSIS AND FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION... 18 15. CONTROLS... 19-2 -
1. OVERVIEW Caledonia is a mining, exploration and development company focused on Southern Africa. Following the implementation of indigenisation in Zimbabwe, Caledonia owns a 49% interest in an operating gold mine in Zimbabwe ( Blanket Mine or Blanket ). Caledonia also owns a 100% interest in a base metals exploration project in Zambia (the Nama Project ). Operational and financial information set out in this MD&A is on a 100% basis, unless otherwise indicated. Caledonia s shares are listed in Canada on the Toronto Stock Exchange as CAL, on London s AIM as CMCL and are also traded on the American OTCQX as CALVF. 2. REVIEW OF THE QUARTER Operational Review Gold produced by the Blanket Mine in Zimbabwe in Q3 was 12,042 ounces, 3.9% higher than the 11,588 ounces produced in the quarter ended June 30, (the preceding quarter ) and 6.8% lower than the 12,918 ounces produced in Q3 of (the comparable quarter ). The higher gold production in the Quarter compared to the preceding quarter was due to the higher realised grade of 4.03g/t compared with 3.82g/t in the preceding quarter and improved gold recovery of 93.6% compared to 93.2% in the preceding quarter. Blanket has adopted the guidance of the World Gold Council in reporting the different costs of gold production. Blanket s on-mine cash cost per ounce, all-in sustaining cost per ounce and all-in cost per ounce for the Quarter, the preceding quarter and the comparable quarter is shown below. Blanket Mine: costs per ounce (US$/oz) i On-mine cash costs All-in sustaining cost All-in cost Q3 554 873 999 Q2 584 956 1,211 Q3 504 986 1,033 Movements in costs per ounce are largely due to variations in gold production as Blanket s fixed costs are spread over a higher or lower number of ounces of gold. The lower average gold price received in Q3 also resulted in a reduction in the royalty component of all-in sustaining and all-in cost per ounce. Unfortunately there was an accident at Blanket in the Quarter as a result of which two employees were injured and one employee was fatally injured. Deep level exploration and development at the Blanket mine and exploration and development at the GG, Mascot and Sabiwa satellite projects continued. During the Quarter Mr. Dana Roets was appointed as Caledonia s Chief Operating Officer. i Non-IFRs measures such as on-mine cash cost per ounce, all-in sustaining cost per ounce and all-in cost per ounce are used throughout this document. Refer to Section 10 for a discussion of non-ifrs measures. - 3 -
Financial Highlights Gold Sales during the Quarter were 12,042 ounces at an average sales price ii of US$1,330 per ounce of gold, compared, to 11,588 ounces at an average sales price of US$1,373 in the preceding quarter and 12,918 ounces at an average sales price of US$1,673 in the comparable quarter. Gross profit for the Quarter (i.e. after deducting royalties, production costs, on-mine administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization from gross revenue, but before administrative expenses incurred outside the Blanket Mine) was $7,719,000 compared to $8,631,000 in the preceding quarter and $12,602,000 in the comparable quarter. Net profit after tax for the Quarter attributable to Caledonia shareholders was $3,733,000 compared to $3,055,000 in the preceding quarter and a loss of $7,240,000 in the comparable quarter. The loss in the comparable quarter was after a non-cash, non-recurring expense of $14,161,000 in respect of share based payments arising on the implementation of indigenisation at Blanket. Basic earnings per share for the Quarter were 7.2 cents per share, compared to 5.8 cents in the preceding quarter and a loss of 14 cents in the comparable quarter (the loss per share for the comparable quarter being for the reasons detailed in the previous point). The earnings per share numbers for the Quarter, the preceding quarter and the comparable quarter reflect the one-for-ten consolidation (the Consolidation ) which took place during the preceding quarter. At September 30,, the Company had gross cash and cash equivalents ii of $25,099,000 compared to $22,475,000 at June 30, and $24,615,000 at September 30,. Cash flow from operations during the nine months to September 30, before capital investment was $9,891,000 compared to $17,968,000 in the nine months to September 30,. During the Quarter, Blanket made payments to the community and payments to the Government of Zimbabwe in respect of direct and indirect taxes, royalties, licence fees, levies and other payments totalling US$3,653,000 compared to US$6,690,000 in the preceding quarter and US$8,474,000 in the comparable quarter. ii Non-IFRs measures such as average sales price per ounce of gold and gross cash and cash equivalents are used throughout this document. Refer to Section 10 for a discussion of non-ifrs measures. - 4 -
3. SUMMARY FINANCIAL RESULTS The table below sets out selected unaudited condensed consolidated profit and loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, and. Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) (In thousands of Canadian dollars except per share amounts) For the 3 months ended September 30 For the 9 months ended September 30 $ $ $ $ Revenue 16,591 21,494 52,999 57,609 Royalty (1,165) (1,504) (3,651) (4,034) Production costs (6,872) (6,389) (21,493) (19,151) Depreciation (835) (999) (2,458) (2,759) Gross profit 7,719 12,602 25,397 31,665 Administrative expenses (1,153) (973) (5,853) (2,947) Share-based payment expenses - (14,569) - (14,569) Indigenisation expenses - (269) - (1,275) Foreign exchange (loss)/gain. - (934) - (574) Results from operating activities 6,566 4,143 19,544 12,300 Net finance expense (12) (25) (62) (106) Profit/(loss) before income tax 6,554 (4,168) 19,482 12,194 Income tax expense (1,965) (5,031) (5,618) (8,786) Net profit/(loss) for the period 4,589 (9,199) 13,864 3,408 Profit/(loss) on foreign currency translation (331) (1,763) 2,216 (1,959) Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the period 4,258 (10,962) 16,080 1,449 Profit/(loss) attributable to: Owners of the Company 3,733 (7,240) 11,381 5,367 Non-controlling interests 856 (1,959) 2,483 (1,959) 4,589 (9,199) 13,864 3,408 Total comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to: Owners of the Company 3,052 (8,984) 13,619 3,427 Non-controlling interests 1,206 (1,978) 2,461 (1,978) 4,258 (10,962) 16,080 1,449 Earnings/(loss) per share (cents) Basic 7.2 (14.3) 21.9 10.6 Diluted 7.2 (14.1) 21.9 10.5 Adjusted earnings/(loss) per share (cents) iii Basic 7.2 12.0 25.1 39.0 Diluted 7.2 12.0 25.1 38.0 Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (thousand) Basic 52,124 50,790 51,944 50,475 Diluted 52,138 51,237 51,970 50,922 Revenues, profitability and cash generation in the Quarter and in the nine months to September 30, were adversely affected by the lower gold price compared to the comparable periods. Production costs are discussed in Section 4.4. Administrative expenses are analysed in note 7 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. iii Non-IFRS performance measures such as Adjusted earnings/(loss) per share are used throughout this document. Refer to Section 10 for a discussion of non-ifrs measures - 5 -
The foreign exchange loss incurred in the comparable Quarter is a non-cash item which reflects a reallocation to equity of the unrealised foreign exchange loss in inter-company accounts. The profit or loss on foreign currency translation is a non-cash item which reflects the loss on the translation into Canadian dollars of the balance sheets and income statements of all subsidiaries that do not use the Canadian dollar as their functional currency Earnings per share for the Quarter and earlier quarters and the weighted average number of shares outstanding have been re-stated to reflect the one-for-ten consolidation which took effect on April 12,. Adjusted earnings per share is calculated on the Owners share of profit but before the non-cash, non-recurring expenses for the share based payment arising on indigenisation, indigenisation expenses which was incurred in Q3 of and before non-cash charges for foreign exchange losses The table below sets out the unaudited, condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the 3 months to September 30, and and for the 9 months to September 30, and. Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (unaudited) (In thousands of Canadian dollars) For 3 months ended September 30 For 9 months ended September 30 $ $ $ $ Cash flows from operating activities Profit/(loss) for the period 4,589 (9,199) 13,864 3,408 Adjustment to reconcile net cash from operations 3,370 19,570 9,129 25,767 Changes in non-cash working capital (892) 1,993 (4,855) 1,037 Cash flows generated from continuing operations 7,067 12,364 18,138 30,212 Indigenisation expenses - (269) - (1,275) Advance dividend paid - (1,894) (1,987) (3,739) Tax paid (1,785) (3,402) (6,198) (7,124) Interest paid (12) (25) (62) (106) Net cash from operating activities 5,270 6,774 9,891 17,968 Cash flows from investing activities Property, plant and equipment additions (3,362) (2,135) (8,470) (4,914) Net cash used in investing activities (3,362) (2,135) (8,470) (4,914) Cash flows from financing activities Dividends paid (488) - (5,938) Proceeds from shares issued - - 470 514 Net cash from (used in) financing activities (488) 1,653 (5,468) 514 Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,420 4,639 (4,047) 13,568 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 22,475 18,185 27,942 9,256 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 23,895 22,824 23,895 22,824 Cash generated by operations at the Blanket Mine decreased due to the lower gold prices realised. Blanket s working capital requirements increased in the nine months to September 30, compared to the comparable period due to the abnormally low opening level of working capital on January 1, which was due to the receipt of payment prior to December 31, for the final gold delivery. Working capital movements in the Quarter are due to inter alia higher trade receivables and inventories at September 30,. Tax payments reduced as a result of the lower realised gold prices which reduced royalty payments levied on turnover and the lower profits at Blanket Mine that were assessable for Zimbabwean Income Tax. Capital expenditure relates to expenditure at Blanket Mine and at Nama in Zambia. Further information on Blanket s capital projects is set out in section 4.7; information on Caledonia s capital investment is set out in section 6. - 6 -
The table below sets out the unaudited, consolidated statement of Caledonia s financial position at September 30, and December 31,. Condensed Consolidated statements of Financial Position (unaudited) (In thousands of Canadian dollars) As at September 30, December 31, $ $ Total non-current assets 43,748 36,533 Inventories 5,982 5,508 Prepayments 158 126 Trade and other receivables 5,074 1,718 Cash and cash equivalents 25,099 27,942 Total current assets 36,313 35,294 Total assets 80,061 71,827 Total non-current liabilities 6,903 6,928 Trade and other payables 4,785 5,775 Bank overdraft 1,204 Advance dividend accrual - 1,987 Income taxes payable 938 1,518 Total liabilities 13,830 16,208 Capital and reserves 66,231 55,619 Total equity and liabilities 80,061 71,827 Trade and other receivables are analysed in note 11 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and reflects amounts due for the sale of bullion, VAT receivable and deposits for stores and equipment. The balance of trade and other receivables due as to September 30, was higher than as at December 31, due to no receivable for the sale of bullion as at December 31, which reflected the receipt of payment at the end of for the final gold delivery of. The increase in bank overdraft relates to the increased utilisation by Blanket of its $2.5m overdraft in Zimbabwe, further information on which is set out in section 7. The following information is provided for each of the eight most recent quarterly periods ending on the dates specified. The figures are extracted from underlying unaudited financial statements that have been prepared using accounting policies consistent with IFRS, unless specified below. (thousands of Canadian dollars except per share amounts) Dec 31, 2011 March 31, June 30, Sept 30, Dec 31, March 31, June 30, Sept 30, Revenue from operations 15,972 17,503 18,612 21,494 17,612 19,218 17,190 16,591 Profit/(loss) after tax from operations 1,369 7,111 5,497 (9,199) 3,950 5,530 3,055 4,589 Earnings/(loss) per share basic (cents) 2.7 14 11 (14) 6.4 9 5.8 7.2 Earnings/(loss) per share diluted (cents) 2.7 14 11 (14) 6.4 9 5.8 7.2 Cash and cash equivalents 9,686 16,288 18,323 24,615 27,942 25,189 22,475 25,099 4. OPERATIONS AT THE BLANKET GOLD MINE, ZIMBABWE 4.1 Safety, Health and Environment ( SHE ) The following safety statistics have been recorded in the Quarter and the preceding 6 quarters. - 7 -
Blanket Mine Safety Statistics Class Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Lost time injury 3 1 0 3 2 1 7 Restricted work activity 5 4 7 7 0 7 5 First aid 1 2 4 5 4 2 2 Medical aid 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 Occupational illness 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 12 8 12 16 8 13 16 Incidents 12 11 11 10 12 12 11 Near misses 4 2 3 5 3 4 7 Disability Injury Frequency Rate (i) 1.23 0.30 0.00 0.81 0.52 0.25 1.75 Total Injury Incident Rate (ii) 3.72 2.38 3.04 4.34 2.09 3.25 4.00 Man-hours worked (thousands) 645 670 688 738 767 801 800 (i) A measurement of total injuries, deaths and permanent disability occurring per 200,000 man-hours worked. (ii) A measurement of all accidents that have occurred regardless of injury or not expressed per 200,000 man-hours worked. This includes accidents that could have caused injuries. Safety performance in the Quarter was disappointing and regrettably an accident occurred as a result of which one Blanket employee was fatally injured and two employees were injured. Blanket continues to assist the Ministry of Mines Inspectorate Department (the Department ) and the Police in their enquiries into this incident and, until such a time as the outcome of this enquiry has been reached, no further details can be released. The Directors and Management of Caledonia express their sincere condolences to the family and colleagues of the deceased employee. The two injured workers have returned to work. Blanket management has identified the need to reinforce strict adherence to prescribed operating procedures by all employees. Accordingly NOSA, an occupational health and safety specialist, has been engaged to review the SHE management system and to participate in staff training. During the Quarter in addition to the usual training course, 22 senior employees and 15 worker SHE representatives were trained on the NOSA safety programme. There were no significant adverse environmental issues during the Quarter. 4.2 Social Investment and Contribution to the Zimbabwean Economy Blanket s investment in community and social projects which are not directly related to the operation of the mine or the welfare of Blanket s employees, the payments made to the Gwanda Community Share Ownership Trust ( GCSOT ) in terms of Blanket s indigenisation, and payments of royalties, taxation and other non-taxation charges taxes to the Government of Zimbabwe and its agencies are set out in the table below. Payments to the Community and the Zimbabwe Government (thousands of US dollars) Period Community and Social Investment Payments to GCSOT Payments to Zimbabwe Government Total TOTAL 2011 2011 306-13,614 13,920 Quarter 1 147-3,353 3,500 Quarter 2 38 1,000 5,042 6,080 Quarter 3 108 2,000 6,366 8,474 Quarter 4 123-5,808 5,931 TOTAL 416 3,000 20,569 23,985 Quarter 1 5 1,000 4,584 5,860 Quarter 2 2,135 1,000 3,555 6,690 Quarter 3 7-3,646 3,653-8 -
4.3 Gold Production Tonnes milled, average grades, recoveries and gold produced during the Quarter, the preceding 10 quarters and October are shown in the table below. Blanket Mine Production Statistics Gold Head (Feed) Grade (g/t) Gold Recovery (%) Gold Produced (oz) Average sales price per ounce of gold sold (US$/oz) Period Tonnes Milled (t) TOTAL 2010 2010 153,500 3.90 92.0 17,707 1,273 Quarter 1 2011 61,437 4.02 92.2 7,322 1,397 Quarter 2 2011 60,913 4.52 92.9 8,226 1,512 Quarter 3 2011 85,442 3.81 93.1 9,743 1,737 Quarter 4 2011 90,967 3.86 93.4 10,533 1,681 TOTAL 2011 2011 298,759 4.01 92.9 35,826 1,591 Quarter 1 83,353 3.67 93.2 9,164 1,689 Quarter 2 90,315 4.24 93.9 11,560 1,597 Quarter 3 93,049 4.59 94.1 12,918 1,673 Quarter 4 96,598 4.08 93.3 11,821 1,711 TOTAL 363,315 4.16 93.7 45,464 1,666 Quarter 1 86,502 4.04 93.3 10,472 1,600 Quarter 2 101,174 3.82 93.2 11,588 1,373 Quarter 3 99,386 4.03 93.6 12,042 1,330 October 33,826 3.60 93.4 3,679 1,324 Gold production in the Quarter increased from the preceding quarter due to the higher grade and improved recovery, partly offset by lower tonnes processed. Production in October was adversely affected by the fatal accident, the extra public holiday for the President s inauguration and lower grades. Towards the end of October, production recovered to target levels and management remains confident that Blanket will achieve the production target for of 44,000 ounces. The rate of production is subject to the inherent risks associated with mining which are discussed further in section 14. 4.4 Production Costs A narrow focus on the direct costs of production (mainly labour, electricity and consumables) does not fully reflect the total cost of gold production. Accordingly, cost per ounce data for the Quarter, the preceding six quarters and for 2011 has been prepared in accordance with the Guidance Note issued by the World Gold Council on June 23, and is set out in the table below on the following bases: i. Operating Cost per ounce, which shows the on-mine cash costs of producing an ounce of gold; ii. iii. All-in Sustaining Cost per ounce, which shows the Operating cost per ounce plus additional costs incurred outside the mine (i.e. at offices in Harare, Johannesburg and Toronto) and the costs associated with maintaining the operating infrastructure and resource base ( Sustaining Capex ) that are required to maintain production at the current levels; and All-in Cost per ounce, which shows the all-inclusive Sustaining cost per ounce plus the additional costs associated with activities that are undertaken with a view to increasing production above the current rate of production. Blanket Mine: Costs per Ounce of Gold Produced (US$/oz) On-mine costs per ounce 2011 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3-9 -
Blanket Mine: Costs per Ounce of Gold Produced (US$/oz) 2011 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Production costs 671 540 451 418 484 469 554 480 466 General and administrative 66 88 93 86 120 96 96 104 88 costs On-Mine cash cost 737 628 544 504 604 565 650 584 554 Royalty (i) 72 118 112 117 120 116 112 96 93 Community costs relating to ongoing production 9 14 90 163 12 76 84-1 Permitting costs related to current operations 1 2 3 4 12 5 2 3 3 3 rd party smelting, refining and transport costs 8 6 6 6 8 6 7 7 7 Operating cost per ounce (ii) 827 769 754 793 755 769 856 689 657 Corporate general and administrative costs (incl. share based remuneration) 152 94 89 138 146 117 99 116 108 Reclamation and remediation 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 of operating sites Exploration and study costs - - - - - - 1 1 2 Capital expenditure 183 68 68 53 85 67 51 147 105 All-in Sustaining Cost per ounce (ii) 1,165 933 912 986 988 955 1,007 956 873 Costs not related to current production Community costs - - 98 - - 25-181 8 Permitting costs - 9 16 18 26 17 3 3 3 Exploration and study costs - - - - - - 1 3 3 Capital expenditure 12 28 20 28 41 29 45 69 112 All-in Cost per ounce (ii) 1,177 970 1,047 1,033 1,055 1,027 1,056 1,211 999 (i) Blanket pays a royalty to the Zimbabwe government on gross revenues. Since 1 January the royalty rate has been 7% prior to which it was 4%. (ii) Non-IFRS performance measures such as operating cost per ounce, all-in sustaining cost per ounce and all-in cost per ounce throughout this document. Refer to Section 10 for a discussion of non-ifrs measures. Over 60% of Blanket s costs are fixed within normal operating parameters, therefore the higher production in the Quarter compared to the preceding quarter resulted in a lower average on-mine cash cost per ounce of US$554 compared to US$584 in the preceding quarter. The on-mine cash cost per ounce in the Quarter was higher than the comparable quarter due to the higher production in the comparable quarter, due to higher grade and metallurgical recovery. The effect of spreading fixed costs over increased production also resulted in the operating cost per ounce reducing from US$689/oz in the preceding quarter to US$657/oz in the Quarter. The operating cost per pounce of US$657 in the Quarter was 24% lower than the operating cost per ounce of US$793/oz in the comparable quarter, which included significant payments to GCSOT in term of the indigenisation of Blanket. Sustaining capital investment in the Quarter was lower than the previous quarter due to the scheduled phasing of investment activity. Sustaining capital expenditure in the Quarter was generally higher than in due to the increased focus on development activities to sustain current production. Community costs not relating to current production was lower in the Quarter compared to the preceding quarter due to the non-recurrence of the one-off education donation which was made in the preceding quarter. - 10 -
Increased capital expenditure which does not relate to current expenditure reflects the investment in Blanket s expansion projects, principally the No.6 Winze project, and the GG, Mascot and Sabiwa Projects. 4.5 Underground AR South continued to be the most important production area during the Quarter. The achieved ore grade in the Quarter was higher than planned at 4.03g/t Au compared to the target of 3.84g/t Au which is the long term mine average grade. Development activities continued throughout the Quarter and the total development advance was 1,110 m compared to a planned advance of 1,309 m. The development advance in the Quarter was 7% less than the 1,186m achieved in the preceding quarter, but remains substantially higher than the 932 m achieved in quarter 1 of due to improvements in blasting efficiency and improvements in the availability of compressed air. Development activities in the Quarter were adversely affected by the closure of a supplier of spare parts for drilling equipment, which resulted in an increase in lost shifts because an increased number of drilling machines were inoperative for longer than usual awaiting suitable replacement parts. Alternative suppliers with satisfactory levels of service and equipment quality have been identified. A new 6,695 cfm air compressor is currently being commissioned and will improve the supply of compressed air. Management believes the planned development will allow mine production to be sustained at a rate achieved of approximately 1,100 tpd and is targeting further increases to 1,200tpd in 2014 and 1,300tpd in 2015. The production rate targets at the Blanket Mine are not based on a technical report under National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ( NI 43-101 ) and are subject to uncertainty and risk, which are discussed in section 11. 4.6 Metallurgical Plant During the Quarter, the metallurgical plant continued to operate at better than budgeted efficiency. All equipment operated to expectations and no significant unplanned downtime was experienced during the Quarter. 4.7 Capital Projects Capital projects include developments to provide access to existing ore bodies and developments to provide access for further exploration, which, if successful may identify new resources. The three main capital developments are the haulage from AR Main to Lima on 22 Level, the extension to 18 Level haulage and the No. 6 Winze Project. Progress on capital developments in the Quarter was adversely affected by disruptions in the availability of replacement parts for drilling machines as noted in section 4.5. 22 Level Haulage The 22 Level haulage extension project will link the Blanket and Lima ore bodies on the 22 Level (750 m below surface) and will allow for the rapid commencement of mining in any new mining areas defined above 750 m. Crosscuts from the 22 Level Haulage are also being excavated to provide the required drilling platforms so that drilling below 750 m for resource evaluation purposes can proceed. Work on the 22 Level haulage extension project and its associated crosscuts is being carried out simultaneously with normal mining production. During the Quarter, the 22 Level haulage was advanced towards Lima by 182 m (148 m in the preceding quarter) against a plan of 154 m. This haulage is expected to reach the Eroica ore body by the end of the year, after which development and exploration into Eroica can commence. The crosscut towards AR Main was advanced by 81m in the Quarter against a plan of 100m. - 11 -
18 Level Haulage The 18 Level haulage extension (630 m below surface) will allow access to explore for the extension of the Sheet ore body between 630 m and 510 m below surface. The haulage reached its destination in the second quarter of and diamond drilling to identify a possible down-dip extension to the Sheet ore body has commenced. Some exploration drilling below 750m will also be carried out from 18 Level, in addition to the exploration from 22 Level. Six exploration drill holes have been completed into the Blanket ore body below 750m, all of which have intersected mineralisation. 14 Level Haulage The 14 Level Haulage between Eroica and Lima (510 m below surface) reached the position of the Lima ore body in the preceding quarter. Exploration and development work will now commence on the Lima ore body above 14 Level to upgrade the current indicated and inferred resources to reserves. Caledonia s potential ability to upgrade the mineral resources in this area to reserves is an important part of its strategy to increase production in future years. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves have no demonstrated economic viability. No. 6 Winze Project This No. 6 Winze project will provide access to the Blanket 2 Ore body below 22 Level by deepening and upgrading the existing No. 6 Winze. The pre-production capital cost of this project is estimated to be US$4.0 million, which will be funded from Blanket s internal cash flows. Work on this project continues: the hoist chamber and tip raise have been completed and the shaft has been slyped between 630 and 750m levels. It is expected that this project will be completed in late 2015. Based on the previous and current drilling, management regards this as a highly prospective target area, which is currently defined by inferred mineral resources and warrants further development and evaluation. 4.8 Opportunities Indigenisation: Blanket, as a fully indigenised entity may be able to take advantage of growth opportunities that could arise. Increased production: Blanket s existing reserves and resources could support a further increase in production provided the local economic climate is conducive for investments in resource development. Surplus capacity: Blanket s current daily throughput is approximately 1,100 tpd. Blanket currently has a crushing and milling capacity of approximately 1,500tpd; and the CIL plant has capacity of 3,800tpd. Any increase in the production of compatible ore could therefore be processed with little or no plant capital cost. Exploration success: Blanket s main exploration targets are the down-dip extensions of the known ore bodies at Blanket mine and the satellite exploration projects at GG and the Mascot Project Area. Depending on future exploration success and the outcome of metallurgical test-work, Blanket may be able to increase its targeted production levels from those set out in 4.5. 4.9 Outlook Production for the Quarter was 9% ahead of the targeted quarterly production of 11,000 ounces of gold; production of 34,103 ounces for the nine months to September 30, was ahead of targeted production of 33,000. Management is confident that the full year production target of 44,000 ounces of gold will be achieved. It is anticipated that continued production in 2104 at the level achieved in the Quarter, further increases in production from early 2015 and continued tight cost control will mitigate somewhat the adverse effect of the lower gold price on the Group s profitability. - 12 -
There is upward pressure on costs, taxes and regulatory fees in Zimbabwe. Nevertheless, Blanket has surplus metallurgical plant capacity and as a low-cost operator is cash generative. Blanket currently intends to continue investing in projects with a view to further increasing production, thereby helping to maintain downward pressure on its cost per ounce of gold produced. 5. EXPLORATION AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT 5.1 Nama Copper Project, Zambia Caledonia holds four, contiguous large scale mining licenses covering approximately 800 square kilometres on the Zambian Copperbelt. The northern boundary of Caledonia s licenced area is the Democratic Republic of Congo border and the eastern boundary abuts the Lubambe mining licence area that is held by a joint venture between Vale and African Rainbow Minerals where a new copper mine has recently been commissioned. Caledonia submitted a report to the Zambian Mines Development Department (the Department ) on July 3,, in accordance with the Department s requirements, which set out a summary of the exploration work which has been completed to date. During the Quarter the remaining work on the drill programme and related assay work was completed. At this stage, the Nama Copper project and the mineralization that has been identified are not considered material to Caledonia and accordingly, the report was not prepared to NI 43-101 standards. 5.2 Nama Cobalt Project, Zambia Caledonia was requested and undertook to the Department to commence cobalt mining operations by June 30,. However, final environmental approval has not yet been received from the Zambian authorities and hence mining cannot commence until Caledonia receives the required approvals. During the Quarter, geotechnical work was completed on the site of the proposed open pit. Caledonia does not expect that the capital cost of the proposed cobalt mining operations or the revenue generated from this operation will be material to Caledonia. 5.3 Gold: Zimbabwe Caledonia s primary exploration activities in Zimbabwe are undertaken by the Blanket Mine and are discussed in section 4.7. Blanket Mine also has exploration title holdings in the form of registered mining claims in the Gwanda Greenstone Belt totalling 78 claims, including a small number under option, covering properties with a total area of about 2,500 hectares. Blanket s main exploration efforts on these satellite properties are focused at this stage on the GG prospect and the Mascot Project Area which are believed to have the greatest potential of success. GG Project The GG project is located approximately seven km southeast of Blanket Mine. Surface drilling programs have been carried out at the GG project over the past eight years consisting of seventeen diamond-cored holes totalling 4,751m of drilling. Two zones of gold mineralization warranting further exploration have been established down to a depth of at least 300m, each with a strike length of approximately 150m. During the Quarter work concentrated on opening up the 120m level in order to provide platforms for diamond drilling. To this end some significant ground was covered and exploration continues. Metallurgical test work continues on fresh material from this project. Mascot Project Area Mascot was previously mined down to approximately 300 m, exploiting an east-west trending ore body the extent of which decreased with depth. The decrease in the extent of the mined out ore at depth is thought to have been the result of limitations on mining localised low grade ore which limited exposure of the full extent of the - 13 -
mineralized zone. Previous surface drilling undertaken by Blanket has indicated the existence of two further mineralised zones, to the north and south of the mined out area. Development towards the north zone on the 60m level (1 Level) entered the identified mineralised zone in Q1 of and further development on this level was suspended until metallurgical investigations have been successfully completed and handling systems installed to allow material to be hoisted to surface. During the Quarter development and exploration has commenced on the 90m level (2 Level). Work has commenced on cutting the 120m level off the Mascot shaft station and it is intended to repeat the same development as the upper levels. Above ground, a new headgear and ore-bin was fabricated and it is 90% complete. These works will facilitate automatic handling of any future ore from underground and allow for crushing to reduce the run-of-mine aggregate to a more uniform product which is easier and more cost-efficient to transport by road to Blanket. Sabiwa Following the installation and commissioning of the ZESA power line in the preceding quarter, work commenced in the Quarter on fabricating and installing the head gear; the single drum sinking winder was refurbished and installed; the compressor was installed; the borehole was drilled and equipped complete with water tank and delivery pipes up to the shaft. Other surface facilities are now being constructed and work commenced on sinking a 2m x 4m shaft in early November. 6. INVESTING During the Quarter Caledonia invested $3,362,000 ($2,135,000 ) in capital assets and work on its mineral properties. Of the amount invested in the Quarter $785,484 ($1,022,000 ) was spent at Nama and $2,576,933 ($1,113,000 ) at Blanket. All investment at Blanket is funded from Blanket s internal cash flows. 7. FINANCING Caledonia financed its operations using funds on hand augmented by dividends and other cash flows received from Blanket. Blanket has a US$2.5 million loan facility in Zimbabwe on which it pays interest at 30-day LIBOR plus 8 per cent and which is used from time-to-time for working capital purposes. The facility is unsecured and is renewable and repayable in demand. At September 30,, this facility was drawn as to $1,204,000. No equity was issued in the Quarter and Caledonia has no plans to issue equity 8. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES An analysis of Caledonia s capital resources as of September 30,, June 30,, March 31 and December 31 is set out below Liquidity and Capital Resources ($ 000) As at December 31, March 31, June 30, September 30, Gross Cash and cash 25,099 equivalents 27,942 25,189 22,475 Overdraft - - - 1,204 Cash and cash equivalents (IFRS) 27,942 25,189 22,475 23,895 Working capital 26,014 28,327 27,257 29,389-14 -
Movements in Caledonia s net cash, the overdraft and working capital and an analysis of the sources and uses of Caledonia s cash are discussed in Section 3. Of the cash and cash equivalents and term deposits, over $24.8 million is held outside Zimbabwe at financial institutions in Canada, the United Kingdom and in non-resident accounts in South Africa. The overdraft facility is held by Blanket with a Zimbabwean Bank and is unsecured and repayable on demand. Management believes that the Company s liquid assets as at September 30, and future cash flows from operations are sufficient to support the planned and foreseeable commitments. Blanket s production costs per ounce (refer Section 4.4 and Section 10) are substantially lower than the current price of gold. Accordingly, management believes that Blanket and Caledonia will continue to generate cash should the gold price fall further from the levels realised in the Quarter. 9. OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS, CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES There are no off balance sheet arrangements apart from the facilitation loans of US$30.159 million which are not reflected as loans for IFRS purposes (refer note 5 of the condensed consolidated financial statements). The company has the following contractual obligations at September 30, Payments due by Period ($ 000) Falling due Within 1 year 2-3 s 4-5 s After 5 s Total Current liabilities 6,927 - - - 6,927 Purchase obligations 2,622 nil nil nil X,xxx In addition to the committed purchase obligations set out above, Blanket intends to invest US$34.9 million between now and December 2017 which is not yet committed. The committed and uncommitted investment will be used to maintain Blanket s existing operations and capital projects and the satellite projects which are discussed in Sections 4.7 and 5.3 respectively. Committed and uncommitted purchase obligations will be met from the cash generated from Blanket s existing operations as discussed in Section 8. Caledonia has no obligations in respect of capital or operating leases. As of September 30,, Caledonia had potential liabilities for rehabilitation work on the Blanket and Eersteling Mines if and when those Mines are permanently closed at an estimated cost of $1,055,000 ($1,758,000 ). 10. NON-IFRS MEASURES Throughout this document, we have provided measures prepared in accordance with IFRS in addition to some non-ifrs performance measures for investors who use them to evaluate our performance. Since there is no standard method for calculating non-ifrs measures, they are not a reliable way to compare Caledonia against other companies. Non-IFRS measures should be used along with other performance measures prepared in accordance with IFRS. We have defined below the non-ifrs measures we have used in this document and provide a reconciliation of such non-ifrs measures to the IFRS measures we report. - 15 -
Cost per ounce Non-IFRS performance measures such as Operating cost per ounce, All-in sustaining costs per ounce and All-in costs per ounce are used in this document. Management believes these measures assist investors and other stakeholders in understanding the economics of gold mining over the life-cycle of a mine. These measures are calculated on the basis set out by the World Gold Council in a Guidance Note published on June 23, and accordingly differ from the previous basis of calculation. The table below reconciles Operating cost per ounce, All-in sustaining costs per ounce and All-in costs per ounce to the production costs shown in the financial statements which have been prepared under IFRS. Reconciliation of costs per ounce to IFRS production costs (thousands except for gold ounces sold and costs per ounce) 2011 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Production costs (IFRS) (C$) 21,093 6,444 6,318,6,389 6,502 25,653 8,019 6,602 6,872 Exchange rate (C$/US$) 1.0100 0.9979 0.9903 1.004 1,009 1,000 0.992 0.977 0.965 Production costs (IFRS) (US$) 21,304 6,430 6,257 6,415 6,561 25,756 7,955 6,450 6,632 Adjustments (US$) 4,863 81 32 95 (317) (228) (178) 317 82 Adjusted production costs (US$) 26,166 6,511 6,289 6,510 6,244 25,527 7,777 6,767 6,714 Gold Sales (oz) 35,504 10,368 11,560 12,916 10,337 45,181 11,964 11,588 12,042 On-mine production cost (US$/oz) (per table section 4.4) 737 628 544 504 604 565 650 584 558 Average sales price per ounce Average sales price per ounce is a non-ifrs measure which, in conjunction with the cost per ounce measures described above, allows stakeholders to assess our performance. The table below reconciles Average sales price per ounce to the Revenue shown in the financial statements which have been prepared under IFRS. Reconciliation of Average Sales Price per Ounce to IFRS Revenue 2011 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Revenue (IFRS) (C$ 000 s) 55,705 17,503 18,612 21,494 17,612 75,221 19,218 17,190 16,591 Less miscellaneous income (947) Revenue from precious metal sales (C$ 000s) 55,705 17,503 18,612 21,494 17,612 75,221 19,218 16,243 16,591 Exchange rate (C$/US$) 1.016 1.001 0.994 1.006 1.005 1.002 0.996 0.980 0.965 Revenue from precious metal sales (US$ 000 s) 56,575 17,527 18,495 21,626 17,693 75,340 19,148 15,922 16,013 Revenues from sales of silver - (82) (14) (36) (14) (8) (72) (5) (15) (US$ 000s) Revenues from sales of gold (US$ 000s) 56,493 17,513 18,459 21,612 17,685 75,268 19,143 15,907 16,013 Gold ounces sold 35,504 10,368 11,560 12,916 10,337 45,181 11,964 11,588 12,042 Average sales price per ounce (US$) 1 591 1 689 1 597 1 673 1 711 1 666 1 600 1 373 1,330 Adjusted earnings per share Adjusted earnings per share is a non-ifrs measure which management believes assists investors in understanding the company s underlying performance. The table below reconciles adjusted earnings per share to the Profit/Loss attributable to Owners of the Company shown in the financial statements which have been prepared under IFRS. - 16 -
Reconciliation of Adjusted Earnings per Share to IFRS Profit/(Loss) Attributable to Owners of the Company (C$ 000 s except per share numbers) 2011 Q1 Q2 Profit/(loss) attributable to owners of the company (IFRS) 12,130 7,111 5,497 (7,240) 3,352 8,720 4,593 3,055 3,734 Add back amount attributable to owners of the company in respect of: Indigenisation expenses, advance dividends, donations 326 98 1,081 12,266 1,581 12,586-1,640 - etc Foreign exchange (profit)/loss (303) 18 (379) 934 (485) 4 - - - Asset impairment 3,884 - - - 281 - - - - Adjusted profit 16,037 7,227 6,199 5,960 3,509 21,310 4,593 4,695 3,734 Weighted average shares 50,040 50,055 50,577 50,790 50,597 50,597 51,642 52,264 51,943 Adjusted eps (cents) 32.1 14.4 12.3 11.7 6.9 42.1 8.9 9.0 7.2 Gross cash and cash equivalents Gross cash and cash equivalents is a non-ifrs item and refers to Caledonia s gross cash holdings, before the offset of Blanket s overdraft in Zimbabwe. Under IFRS, the consolidated cash balance is after offset of Blanket s overdraft. The table below reconciles gross cash and cash equivalents to cash and cash equivalents shown in the financial statements which have been prepared under IFRS. Dec 31 2011 March 31, June 30, Q3 Sept 30, Q4 Dec 31, Q1 March 31, Q2 June 30, Q3 Sept 30, Cash and Cash Equivalents (IFRS) 9,256 16,288 18,185 22,824 27,942 25,189 22,475 23,895 Add back Blanket overdraft 430-138 1,791 - - - 1,204 Gross cash and cash equivalents 9,686 16,288 18,323 24,615 27,942 25,189 22,475 25,099 11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Caledonia had the following related party transactions which are recorded on the basis of IFRS: 9 Months Ended September 30, 9 Months Ended September 30, $ 000 $ 000 Management fees, and expense allowances paid or accrued to Epicure Overseas S.A. ( Epicure ), a company which provides the services of the Caledonia s President. There are no other contractual arrangements to this payment 453 517 Rent paid to Bastian Investments CC, a company owned by members of the President s family for the rental of the Company s Johannesburg office facilities. The rental tenancy is on a monthly basis. 29 33 Legal fees paid to Tupper Jonsson & Yeadon, a law firm where a Director is a partner 88 76 12. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES The major areas where accounting estimates are made are asset impairment, asset retirement obligations, share based payments, functional currency determination and future tax liabilities. Discussion of the bases on which these judgements have been made is set in note 3 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statement. As significant impairment provisions have already been made against certain assets and there is a reasonable level - 17 -
of certainty around the estimate it is considered unlikely that any change in estimate would result in a material impact on the results of Caledonia. 13. SECURITIES OUTSTANDING As at November 7,, the following securities were outstanding: (1) 52,117,908 common shares issued; (2) Options as follows: Number Description Exercise Price Expiry Date 81,000 Common share purchase options $0.07 Various until May 11, 2016 930,920 Common share purchase options $0.09 August 31, 2017 1,646,000 Common share purchase options $0.13 January 31, 2016 As Caledonia s Option Plan allows the granting of options on a number of shares equal to 10% of the issued shares, Caledonia could grant options on a further 2,553,870 shares. 14. RISK ANALYSIS AND FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION The business of Caledonia contains significant risk due to the nature of mining, exploration and development activities. Certain risk factors are related to the mining industry in general while others are specific to Caledonia. For a discussion of these risk factors, please refer to the MD&A for the year ended December 31, and for additional information please refer to the Annual Information Form for the year ended December 31,, each of which is available on the Company s website www.caledoniamining.com and on www.sedar.com or is available upon request from the Company. Information and statements contained in this MD&A that are not historical facts are forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable securities legislation that involve risks and uncertainties relating, but not limited to Caledonia s current expectations, intentions, plans, and beliefs. Forward-looking information can often be identified by forward-looking words such as anticipate, believe, expect, goal, plan, target, intend, estimate, could, should, may and will or the negative of these terms or similar words suggesting future outcomes, or other expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions, intentions or statements about future events or performance. Examples of forward-looking information in this MD&A include: production guidance, estimates of future/targeted production rates, planned mill capacity increases, estimates of future metallurgical recovery rates and the ability to maintain high metallurgical recover rates, timing of commencement of operations and our plans and timing regarding further exploration, drilling and development, prospective nature of exploration and development targets, the ability to upgrade and convert mineral resources to mineral reserves, capital costs, our intentions with respect to financial position and third party financing, future dividend payments, or economic effect of cobalt mining at the Nama Project. This forward-looking information is based, in part, on assumptions and factors that may change or prove to be incorrect, thus causing actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by forward-looking information. Such factors and assumptions include, but are not limited to: failure to establish estimated resources and reserves, the grade and recovery of ore which is mined varying from estimates, success of future exploration and drilling programs, reliability of drilling, sampling and assay data, assumptions regarding the representativeness of mineralization being inaccurate, success of planned metallurgical test-work, capital and operating costs varying significantly from estimates, delays in obtaining or failures to obtain required governmental, environmental or other project approvals, inflation, changes in exchange rates, fluctuations in commodity prices, delays in the development of projects and other factors. - 18 -
Potential shareholders and prospective investors should be aware that these statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to: risks relating to estimates of mineral reserves and mineral resources proving to be inaccurate, fluctuations in gold price, risks and hazards associated with the business of mineral exploration, development and mining (including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, unusual or unexpected geological or structural formations, pressures, power outages, explosions, landslides, cave-ins and flooding), risks relating to the credit worthiness or financial condition of suppliers, refiners and other parties with whom the Company does business; inadequate insurance, or inability to obtain insurance, to cover these risks and hazards, employee relations; relationships with and claims by local communities and indigenous populations; political risk; availability and increasing costs associated with mining inputs and labour; the speculative nature of mineral exploration and development, including the risks of obtaining or maintaining necessary licenses and permits, diminishing quantities or grades of mineral reserves as mining occurs; global financial condition, the actual results of current exploration activities, changes to conclusions of economic evaluations, and changes in project parameters to deal with unanticipated economic or other factors, risks of increased capital and operating costs, we are affected by environmental, safety or regulatory risks, expropriation, the Company s title to properties including ownership thereof, increased competition in the mining industry for properties, equipment, qualified personnel and their costs, risks relating to the uncertainty of timing of events including targeted production rate increase and currency fluctuations. Shareholders are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking information. By its nature, forward-looking information involves numerous assumptions, inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, that contribute to the possibility that the predictions, forecasts, projections and various future events will not occur. Caledonia reviews forward-looking information for the purposes of preparing each MD&A, however Caledonia undertakes no obligation to update publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking information whether as a result of new information, future events or other such factors which affect this information, except as required by law. 15. CONTROLS Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that all relevant information is gathered and reported to senior Management, including the Company s President and Chief Financial Officer, on a timely basis so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure. Management of the Company, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company s disclosure controls and procedures as at September 30,, as required by Canadian securities laws pursuant to the certification requirements of Multilateral Instrument 52-109. The Company maintains adequate systems of internal accounting and administrative controls, consistent with reasonable cost. Such systems are designed to provide reasonable assurance that relevant and reliable financial information is produced. Management have concluded that as a result of the relatively small size of the Company s head office finance department personnel, the Internal Controls over Financial Reporting ( ICFR ) assessment concluded that there were limited resources to adequately segregate duties and to permit or necessitate the comprehensive documentation of all policies and procedures that form the basis of an effective design of ICFR. Despite the limited resources no material weaknesses in ICFR exist. In order to mitigate the risk of material misstatement in the Company s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has appointed an assistant to the CFO to assume responsibility for the preparation of the Company s Consolidated Financial Statements and the CFO will now oversee the reporting process which will enhance the ICFR. As part of their monitoring and oversight role the Audit Committee performs additional analysis and other post-closing procedures. No material exceptions were noted based on the additional procedures and no evidence of fraudulent activity was found. - 19 -