EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES. Value

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European Capabilities

EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES Outstanding Value We use Ryan for their particular skills and experience to deliver on difficult VAT recovery tasks. It is all about having the personal relationships and understanding the particular abilities of individuals. Andrew Davis Indirect Tax Manager, Western Europe BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO

Strategic Expertise and Uncompromising Commitment to Client Service Ryan has built a premier portfolio of Global 5000 clients that rely on the Firm year after year for strategic tax advisory and consulting services. Ryan provides global support, backed by local expertise, for multinational companies operating all across Europe. Ryan provides holistic multinational income tax, transfer pricing, value added tax (VAT), and customs solutions without any geographic or administrative limitations. Ryan s focus is to deliver outstanding client service in support of client needs in every aspect of tax. We re focused on delivering value and results, as opposed to billable hours, and our flexible fee approach allows us to share in the risk and rewards of our projects if the client so chooses. Ryan s indirect tax services include a comprehensive suite of VAT advisory, VAT compliance, Tax Control Framework (TCF), and tax automation. Our international tax services provide multinational income tax, transfer pricing, and customs services. Our seasoned tax professionals provide innovative tax minimization strategies and advisory services that focus on our clients overall tax performance, creating greater opportunities to measure and improve efficiency, develop a more strategic approach to tax, and deliver outstanding shareholder value. The combination of in-depth direct and indirect tax knowledge, high-end technology solutions, and the commitment of our outstanding professionals to deliver the highest quality client services and results makes Ryan a unique global tax services provider. With a wealth of experience, Ryan s multinational experts understands the complex environments in which our global clients operate. We apply proven and practical knowledge gained through various long-term, in-house assignments with many of the most respected global companies operating in Europe. We know the unique provisions of the tax codes in the jurisdictions where they conduct business. We stay current with the latest rulings and changes in tax law and jurisprudence as they apply to our clients businesses. Our tax technology solutions help translate the application of tax technology tools into significant tax savings and superior results for our clients. We also ensure the implementation of our tax technology solutions will contribute to risk mitigation and avoiding the overpayment of income tax and VAT. Simply put, our commitment to excellence and the utilization of sophisticated technology ensure that we re more thorough, efficient, and effective than our competitors. Global Presence Albuquerque, NM Indianapolis, IN Amsterdam, NL Irvine, CA Atlanta, GA Jacksonville, FL Austin, TX Kansas City, MO Baton Rouge, LA Lansing, MI Boise, ID London, UK Boston, MA Los Angeles, CA Budapest, HU Minneapolis, MN Calgary, AB Montreal, QC Carlsbad, CA Morristown, NJ Cedar Rapids, IA Nashville, TN Charleston, SC New Orleans, LA Charlotte, NC New York, NY Chicago, IL Oakland, CA Cleveland, OH Orlando, FL Columbus, OH Philadelphia, PA Dallas, TX Pittsburgh, PA Danbury, CT Providence, RI Denver, CO Sacramento, CA Detroit, MI Salt Lake City, UT El Paso, TX San Antonio, TX Ft. Lauderdale, FL San Diego, CA Grand Rapids, MI San Jose, CA Hartford, CT San Juan, PR Houston, TX Scottsdale, AZ Hyderabad, India Seattle, WA St. Louis, MO Sydney, AU Tampa, FL Toronto, ON Tulsa, OK Washington, D.C. Ryan s international office locations serve clients throughout Europe 02

Ryan s Comprehensive Indirect Tax Services Ryan advises clients on a comprehensive suite of VAT and tax automation services. We deploy a proven process and methodology to ensure that our clients pay only the tax they owe by identifying, evaluating, and preparing claims, as well as additional jurisdictions. We are internationally recognized for our innovative approach to searching for and securing every available opportunity to recover overpaid and under-claimed taxes, as well as minimizing future tax liabilities through prospective performance solutions. Ryan s advisory services focus on our client s overall tax performance, creating greater opportunities to measure and improve efficiency, develop a more strategic approach to tax, and deliver outstanding shareholder value. Through benchmarking current performance, identifying best practices in relation to peer and historical performance, and measuring the delta between reality and the potential of our client s tax department, Ryan provides a clear strategic plan for transforming the tax function into a Tax Competency Center. Ryan has provided extraordinary value and substantial savings for Cintas. They were able to take over a critical situation and produce exceptional results. Scott D. Clark Tax Director CINTAS Our solutions protect global companies from overstated tax liabilities, interest charges, and costly penalties, and help them control VAT liabilities moving forward. Through the strategic assessment and refinement of our clients people, processes, and systems, we provide technology-enabled indirect tax services that improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and profitability of their organizations. Our unique service delivery methodology provides the highest level of value in the industry through an integrated suite of tax solutions across the entire VAT value chain. VAT Advisory Ryan advises companies in the field of VAT and real estate transfer tax. Our portfolio includes clients operating in the property, financial, telecommunications, publishing, non-profit, international, and national trade sectors, and more. We also support general tax law firms, accountancy firms, and solicitors, in case of VAT audits or other questions that require in-depth VAT knowledge. In addition to our advisory services on various issues, we also perform VAT quick scans, provide support when facing VAT audits from the tax authorities, offer VAT training, litigate appeal procedures, and assist with due diligence investigations. 03 EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES

VAT Recovery Leveraging highly experienced VAT consultants and cutting-edge technology, Ryan offers a comprehensive suite of VAT recovery services to protect profitability and shareholder value. We scour records and processes for VAT reduction and savings opportunities, providing a confidential reporting package that includes full details of all savings, exposure identification, process improvement opportunities, and an audit trail to source documents. Our complete, end-to-end review helps clients identify their VAT liabilities and ensure that their systems and processes are efficient and their tax determinations and reporting are accurate. Our unique compensation model for VAT recovery projects is contingent on the tax savings that we deliver to our clients. This mitigates client risk and focuses our efforts on delivering significant tax savings and superior results. We don t simply review our clients records for tax reduction and tax saving opportunities; we scour them. As a result, we are very thorough, highly efficient, and extremely effective. VAT Compliance Ryan deploys a team of specialists that assists clients in filing international VAT returns and European Community (EC) declarations, Intrastat reports, and the submission of foreign VAT reclaims. By coordinating international VAT compliance processes, we ensure timely reporting and reviewed filings, and can relieve our clients of the administrative process of filing returns with the tax authorities. We provide a single contact who will monitor due dates, prepare and submit returns, and address questions raised by the authorities. We are committed to assisting your organization in an efficient and reliable manner and will ensure that your VAT compliance is handled timely and accurately. VAT Automation Ryan s VAT practice dramatically improves efficiency and profitability through the use of innovative, technology-enabled tax automation solutions, including the advanced configuration or implementation of our clients business systems. Leveraging years of tax technology expertise, we provide a client roadmap for overall tax function performance as it relates to people, processes, and technology. Our strategic relationship with every major business systems and tax engine software vendor ensures that we recommend and implement the most effective automation solution for our clients technology environment and business requirements. Ryan has demonstrated their value during our Texas sales and use tax engagement by not only identifying and obtaining material sales and use tax overpayments, but then assisting our plant personnel with material reductions of the proposed audit assessment. Kenneth B. Choi Director, State and Local Taxes CAMPBELL SOUP COMPANY Ryan offers support with implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Because VAT is of enormous importance in an ERP system, an incorrect setting of the VAT modules in an ERP system can mean huge VAT risks. Ryan can help your organization analyze business transactions, determine the correct VAT treatment, and make sure the VAT functionalities in the ERP system are as accurate and efficient as possible. By doing this, the VAT risks within your ERP system are limited, and you can make optimal use of its VAT automation possibilities. 04

Ryan also offers assistance with optimizing an existing ERP system like SAP and Oracle with all of the industry-leading tax engines. Such software makes it possible to automate the VAT treatment of your transactions, and future changes in VAT rates and other VAT regulations can be set in your systems automatically. Such tax engines also have an automated reporting module, thereby bringing manual intervention in this area back to a minimum. Tax Control Framework The increased stringency of laws and regulations, such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, has made aggressive tax planning less appealing and more cumbersome, leading to a more conservative attitude regarding a company s tax position. Tax directors seek to be in control of their tax liabilities, while avoiding potential tax risks as much as possible. Over the course of our long-term partnership, Ryan has delivered substantial VAT savings while sharing knowledge and best practices to support and enhance Noordhoff s strategic tax planning. Martin Boon Manager Planning en Control NOORDHOFF UITGEVERS Another relevant development in this regard is the horizontal supervision introduced by the Dutch tax authorities. This approach provides clients greater certainty on their current tax positions and reduces the tax authority s focus on old tax years. For horizontal supervision to be successful, mutual trust with the tax authorities is critical. Companies must provide insight into the level to which they are in control regarding the business processes that influence the company s tax position. Ryan s Tax Control Framework (TCF) enables companies to accurately and efficiently manage VAT risks and stay in control. We custom develop a VAT module for our client s TCF that uniquely fits the organization, and we ensure that it is intuitive, user-friendly, and not overly complex. We help eliminate unpleasant surprises, such as large VAT assessments after an audit, as much as possible by implementing a VAT module in the TCF. Because VAT is ruled by an ERP system and business processes to a large extent, it is logical that the TCF would also manage the risks associated with VAT. A VAT module in your company s TCF will make sure that anyone responsible for VAT within your organization can measure and prove control. Our profound knowledge of information technology solutions for capturing controls will provide outstanding value and proven best practices for development of your TCF. 05 EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES

Ryan has provided BASF outstanding value by recovering overpaid taxes while identifying and implementing tax automation solutions, streamlining tax decision processes, and integrating industryleading tax software to improve our tax performance. Frederick W. Jenkin Manager, Sales and Use Tax Audits and Special Projects BASF 06

International Tax Substantial differences in the combined corporate income tax rates for the largest countries present significant issues for multinational companies managing tax affairs on a global basis. Likewise, the structure of today s global business can have a material impact on financial statements and results. The Firm s International Tax practice helps clients effectively navigate this competitive and challenging environment. Ryan has provided NEC Corporation of America an outstanding return on investment through a wealth of tax services including income and franchise, sales and use, and controversies and appeals. Michael A. Arterberry Corporate Accounting and Tax NEC CORPORATION OF AMERICA We offer a comprehensive suite of international tax structuring and transfer pricing services that are uniquely designed to address all aspects of our clients international tax concerns, including proper tax management of assets, services, capital, people, and the associated intercompany transactions. We provide multinational corporations proven international tax structuring solutions and best practices for improving the profitability of mergers, acquisitions, supply chains, ERP implementations, and more. We deploy our most senior tax professionals in each engagement from start to finish, and they leverage decades of experience working with global corporations to successfully develop and implement custom tax planning solutions unique to each client s business objectives. We also integrate VAT recovery, compliance, and global tax automation solutions to ensure our clients are protected from overstated tax liabilities, interest charges, and costly penalties. Our international tax structuring services include: Strategic Tax Planning and Compliance Ryan helps reduce the global tax liabilities and effective tax rates of multinational corporations across the world through a comprehensive suite of strategic tax planning solutions. Our professionals have in-depth experience automating and simplifying the global tax administration process, providing ERP system implementation support, and working closely as a team to ensure all compliance solutions leverage technology to support tax planning, enhance reporting capabilities, and mitigate risk. Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) Structuring Ryan s due diligence reviews and M&A transaction modeling provide strategic insight into the implications and benefits of a global M&A opportunity. Our professionals offer strategies and recommendations for deal structuring, financing, reporting and analysis, and post-merger integration, while focusing on risk mitigation and maximizing overall return on investment (ROI). 07 EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES

Global Structuring Solutions With a clear understanding of our client s global footprint, Ryan provides strategic global structuring solutions that are custom-fit to meet corporate objectives. We provide recommendations on tax-efficient holding company structures, cross-border financing and treasury options, and strategies for efficient global cash deployment. Intellectual Property (IP) Planning Tax planning strategies involving intangible assets have become an increasingly important issue for multinational companies. Ryan helps manage the tax implications involved with the deployment of intellectual property by providing strategies to address global IP ownership and licensing, local research and development (R&D), cost sharing, and all related transfer pricing planning and support. Supply Chain Strategies Integrating supply chain management with international tax planning can significantly enhance savings and cash flow. Ryan s comprehensive supply chain solutions help clients manage and optimize domestic inbound and outbound structuring, profit repatriation, tax credit management, and local country tax opportunities, such as loss utilization and use of available credits. We provide tax-efficient supply chain and shared service strategies that take into account VAT planning and the organization s business objectives to ensure optimal sustainable results. Transfer Pricing Ryan s transfer pricing team provides superior transfer pricing services to multinational companies in all industries, offering design, tax compliance, and audit defense services across the world. Our clients vary from Fortune 500 to midsize companies and trust Ryan with their business challenges pertaining to any type of intercompany transaction. Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) Structuring (Pre- and Post-Transaction) Ryan identifies and addresses the transfer pricing implications and issues present in our clients M&A transactions. We perform detailed due diligence reviews, examine the systems and process integration requirements, and provide proven post-merger integration and consolidation solutions. Intellectual Property (IP) Development and Licensing Planning Ryan employs a unique business model for identifying hidden intangible value by leveraging our Firm s in-depth international tax expertise to bring enhanced IP solutions to our clients. These solutions incorporate cross-border licensing, research and development (R&D), and cost sharing of global intangibles, while leveraging Advanced Pricing Agreements (APAs) or rulings, where appropriate, to enhance tax and financial reporting certainty. 08

Intercompany Financing Solutions Ryan has developed a low-cost methodology to efficiently provide documentation to support intercompany financing arrangements of all types. Our approach leverages accepted financial industry models and provides effective, global support for intercompany loans for all types of companies. Supply Chain Management Planning We understand that transfer pricing is one of the principal requirements for effective supply chain management. Ryan s business first approach to supply chain planning opportunities ensures that our clients commercial objectives are coordinated with the right transfer pricing, VAT, customs, and international income tax planning strategies. Advanced Pricing Agreements Ryan has secured millions of dollars in tax savings for Chrysler, consistently providing outstanding client service and value. Kevin M. Danielson Senior Manager, Indirect Taxes and Audits CHRYSLER By proactively managing negotiations with local country tax authorities, Ryan obtains up-front agreements on certain cross-border transactions and secures pricing for future years. This approach can provide clients with years of reporting certainty regarding the tax treatment of complex arrangements. Global Audit Support Ryan provides transfer pricing audit support and audit defense to global clients across multiple industries worldwide. Our meticulous approach to managing global transfer pricing audits and examinations includes pricing analysis, as well as global dispute resolution and litigation support. 09 EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES

World-Class Client Service Ryan is the first company to ever achieve the prestigious International Customer Service Standard (ICSS) Gold Certification from the Customer Service Institute of America (CSIA). This exclusive, three-year certification is the result of an extensive review of Ryan s client service and quality management processes, and independently validates a new international standard of client service excellence set by the Firm. The rigorous criteria of the ICSS was developed to provide a comprehensive and practical framework for assisting organizations in consistently delivering high levels of service, as well as aligning both passion and process in areas such as service, finance, operations, and learning and growth. Ryan s commitment to client service means that our clients priorities are our priorities. Ryan is a trusted advisor to many of the world s best-known, best-run businesses. Ryan is the first company ever awarded the prestigious International Customer Service Standard Gold Certification. This exclusive, three-year certification is the result of an extensive review of Ryan s client service and quality management processes. Through a comprehensive suite of ongoing support services that provide immediate answers to tax questions, customized training seminars, and online resources, Ryan continues to deliver The Hershey Company outstanding value well after the completed engagement. Russell Thomas State Tax Manager THE HERSHEY COMPANY 10

Ryan European Leadership Team Brendan F. Moore, President, Ryan International, European and Asia-Pacific Operations Suzanne C. den Breems, Principal and Practice Leader, Europe 11 EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES

European Leadership Team Brendan F. Moore President, Ryan International, European and Asia-Pacific Operations Suzanne C. den Breems LL.M Principal and Practice Leader, Europe Brendan F. Moore is a recognized tax services industry visionary, responsible for Ryan s global corporate development. He is responsible for the Firm s international growth strategy, including new markets and the addition of key services and capabilities. Brendan was responsible for the development of new markets and strategic tax practice areas in Canada, delivering outstanding revenue growth and market expansion. With more than 26 years of financial and tax experience, he is leading the development of Ryan s global expansion worldwide, driving additional international market share, and accelerating the high-velocity growth of Ryan s integrated suite of tax services across the world. Suzanne C. den Breems has more than 15 years of experience in indirect taxes and providing multinational clients strategic advisory services. She has managed VAT compliance, VAT recovery, and VAT applications for ERP systems for multinational clients across a variety of industries. Suzanne specializes in the field of Tax Control Framework for indirect taxes, offering clients expert support and an understanding of the fiscal processes and risks, as part of the overall governance and strategy, to help them become in control from a VAT perspective. Suzanne has been involved with the monthly publication Fiskaal as Chief Editor, was a co-author for the 2002 through 2005 editions of the Kluwer BTW Memo, and has published numerous tax articles internationally. Suzanne graduated from Leiden University with a degree in Tax Law, specializing in indirect taxes. She also studied Tax Assurance at Nyenrode Business University. The Ryan Difference Ryan, an award-winning global tax services and software provider, is the largest Firm in the world dedicated exclusively to business taxes. The Firm provides a European indirect tax solution that is unmatched in the industry today. Ryan provides many of the most respected companies in Europe an integrated suite of VAT recovery, advisory, and compliance solutions; innovative tax technology offerings; and international income tax and transfer pricing services that dramatically improves tax performance and profitability. Ryan deploys a large team of seasoned tax professionals with detailed local and international indirect tax expertise. Our multi-jurisdictional experts share knowledge, technology, and best practices for delivering significant tax savings and process improvement. Our performance-driven compensation model for VAT recovery is based on the tax savings that we deliver, which mitigates client risk and focuses our efforts on delivering significant tax savings and superior results. The entire Ryan team looks forward to helping your company improve profitability, cash flow, and performance through proven tax advisory and technology services. 12

Client Commitment Every client of Ryan has our unconditional guarantee that we will deliver the very best results possible. We won t quit until you are satisfied. G. Brint Ryan Chairman and CEO RYAN AND RYAN INTERNATIONAL 13 EUROPEAN CAPABILITIES

A Message from Ryan s Chairman and CEO Ryan has become a leading global tax services Firm, with a comprehensive suite of international tax, transfer pricing, and value added tax advisory, recovery, compliance, and automation services. Although there are many factors that have contributed to our success, by far the most critical is our single-minded focus on and dedication to achieving the highest quality results for our clients. While our clients recognize that our expertise in tax recovery is world class, they are increasingly focused on prospective tax improvement as the regulatory climate and market dynamics change. We have responded by leveraging tax recovery as a means to an end, creating opportunity for our clients to achieve greater performance across their total tax function with a new and expanded suite of value-added services. Our brand identity reflects our vision that tax recovery is only part of the value equation that we provide to our clients. We re also focused on their overall tax performance providing innovative solutions to address the issues and errors that we identify and creating opportunities for their organizations to improve efficiency, become more strategic in their approach to tax, and deliver outstanding value to their shareholders. As always, every client of Ryan has our unconditional guarantee that we will deliver the very best results possible. We won t quit until you are satisfied. Please contact me directly concerning any aspect of our services or our commitment to you, our client. We appreciate your business. G. Brint Ryan Chairman and CEO Ryan and Ryan International brint.ryan@ryan.com For additional information, please contact your local Ryan representative: Ryan Tax Services Netherlands B.V. World Trade Center Amsterdam Tower G - Level 6 Strawinskylaan 685 1077 XX Amsterdam +31 (0) 20 570 3520 Ryan Tax Services UK Limited 5th Floor North Brettenham House, Lancaster Place London, UK WC2E 7EN +44 (0) 20 7257 8510 Ryan Tax Services Hungary LLC 1054 Bank Center Szabadság tér 7 Budapest, HU 1054 +36 (1) 580 9200 ryan.com/europe 14

About Ryan Ryan, an award-winning global tax services and software provider, is the largest Firm in the world dedicated exclusively to business taxes. With global headquarters in Dallas, Texas, the Firm provides an integrated suite of international tax services on a multi-jurisdictional basis, including tax recovery, consulting, advocacy, compliance, and technology services. Ryan is a five-time recipient of the International Service Excellence Award from the Customer Service Institute of America (CSIA) for its commitment to world-class client service. Empowered by the dynamic myryan work environment, which is widely recognized as the most innovative in the tax services industry, Ryan s multi-disciplinary team of more than 2,100 professionals and associates serves over 14,000 clients in more than 45 countries, including many of the world s most prominent Global 5000 companies. More information about Ryan can be found at ryan.com/europe. Award-Winning Tax Services For additional information ryan.com/europe 2017 All rights reserved. All logos and trademarks are the property of their respective companies and are used with permission. In Europe, Ryan Tax Services UK Limited, Ryan Tax Consulting Services Ireland Limited, Ryan Tax Services Hungary LLC, and Ryan Netherlands B.V. provide clients with tax consulting, recovery, compliance, advocacy, technology and other client-related professional services. Ryan Tax Services UK Limited, Ryan Tax Consulting Services Ireland Limited, Ryan Tax Services Hungary LLC, and Ryan Netherlands B.V. are constituent entities of Ryan International, a Swiss Verein. Ryan International is a Swiss Verein whose member firms and constituent entities form a leading network of tax advisory and consulting firms, each of which may be licensed to use the name Ryan in connection with providing tax advisory and consulting services to its clients. The member firms of Ryan International and their constituent entities operate throughout North America, Europe and Asia in accordance with local regulatory requirements but are not a part of a single international partnership. The responsibility for the provision of services to a client is defined in the terms of engagement between the client and the applicable member firm or constituent entity. Neither Ryan International nor any member firm or constituent entity of Ryan International is liable or responsible for the professional services performed by any other member firm or constituent entity. Ryan International is not itself engaged in the practice of providing professional services. Rather, it is an international umbrella entity organized as a Verein under Swiss law. Not all member firms and constituent entities provide the full range of services mentioned within this brochure. Ryan and Firm refer to the global organizational network and may refer to one or more of the member firms of Ryan International, each of which is a separate legal entity.