Statistical profiles for Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique and Zambia

DACNETWORKON DEVELOPMENT EVALUATION Statistical profiles for Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique and Zambia This note has been prepared by SIDA for information at the th meeting of the DAC Network on Development Evaluation, 16 17 November 26. th meeting 16 17 November 26

Statistical profiles for Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique and Zambia A background note for the Total ODA Effectiveness Evaluation Stockholm 26-11-9 Lars M. Johansson

Table of content List of figures...ii List of tables... iv Abbreviations and acronyms... iv Introduction... 1 Country profiles... 3 Burkina Faso... 3 GDP and GDP per capita... 4 Health and education... 6 Trade and the balance of payments... 7 Investment and savings... 7 Poverty and income distribution... 8 Development cooperation... 9 Ghana... 12 GDP and GDP per capita... 13 Health and education... 1 Trade and the balance of payments... 16 Investment and savings... 16 Poverty and income distribution... 17 Development cooperation... 18 Mali... 21 GDP and GDP per capita... 22 Health and education... 24 Trade and the balance of payments... 2 Investment and savings... 2 Poverty and income distribution... 26 Development cooperation... 27 Mozambique... 3 GDP and GDP per capita... 31 Health and education... 33 Trade and the balance of payments... 34 Investment and savings... 34 Poverty and income distribution... 3 Development cooperation... 3 Zambia... 38 GDP and GDP per capita... 39 Health and education... 41 Trade and the balance of payments... 42 Investment and savings... 42 Poverty and income distribution... 43 Development cooperation... 44 List of figures Figure 1: GDP per capita... 1 Figure 2: Primary education completion rates... 2 Figure 3: Burkina Faso - GDP and GDP per capita... 4 ii

Figure 4: Burkina Faso - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates... 4 Figure : Burkina Faso Sector contribution to GDP... Figure 6: Burkina Faso HDI and GDP per capita... Figure 7: Burkina Faso Primary education completion rates... 6 Figure 8: Burkina Faso - Export, import and external balance on goods and services... 7 Figure 9: Burkina Faso Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings... 7 Figure 1: Burkina Faso Change in income distribution, the Gini-index... 8 Figure 11: Burkina Faso Head count poverty and poverty gaps... 9 Figure 12: Burkina Faso ODA grants and loans... 9 Figure 13: Burkina Faso ODA in relation to population and GNI... 1 Figure 14: Burkina Faso Main donors... 1 Figure 1: Burkina Faso Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24... 11 Figure 16: Ghana - GDP and GDP per capita... 13 Figure 17: Ghana - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates... 13 Figure 18: Ghana Sector contribution to GDP... 14 Figure 19: Ghana HDI and GDP per capita... 14 Figure 2: Ghana Primary education completion rates... 1 Figure 21: Ghana - export, import and external balance on goods and services... 16 Figure 22: Ghana Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings... 16 Figure 23: Ghana Change in income distribution, the Gini-index... 17 Figure 24: Burkina Faso Head count poverty and poverty gaps... 18 Figure 2: Ghana ODA grants and loans... 18 Figure 26: Ghana ODA in relation to population and GNI... 19 Figure 27: Ghana Main donors... 19 Figure 28: Ghana Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24... 2 Figure 29: Mali - GDP and GDP per capita... 22 Figure 3: Mali - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates... 22 Figure 31: Mali Sector contribution to GDP... 23 Figure 32: Mali HDI and GDP per capita... 23 Figure 33: Mali Primary education completion rates... 24 Figure 34: Mali - Export, import and external balance on goods and services... 2 Figure 3: Mali Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings... 2 Figure 36: Mali ODA grants and loans... 27 Figure 37: Mali ODA in relation to population and GNI... 27 Figure 38: Mali Main donors... 28 Figure 39: Mali Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24... 28 Figure 4: Mozambique - GDP and GDP per capita... 31 Figure 41: Mozambique - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates... 31 Figure 42: Mozambique Sector contribution to GDP... 32 Figure 43: Mozambique HDI and GDP per capita... 32 Figure 44: Mozambique Primary education completion rates... 33 Figure 4: Mozambique - Export, import and external balance on goods and services... 34 Figure 46: Mozambique Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings... 34 Figure 47: Mozambique ODA grants and loans... 36 Figure 48: Mozambique ODA in relation to population and GNI... 36 Figure 49: Mozambique Main donors... 36 Figure : Mozambique Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24... 37 Figure 1: Zambia - GDP and GDP per capita... 39 Figure 2: Zambia - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates... 39 Figure 3: Zambia Sector contribution to GDP... 4 iii

Figure 4: Zambia HDI and GDP per capita... 4 Figure : Zambia Primary education completion rates... 41 Figure 6: Zambia - Export, import and external balance on goods and services... 42 Figure 7: Zambia Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings... 42 Figure 8: Zambia Change in income distribution, the Gini-index... 43 Figure 9: Zambia Head count poverty and poverty gapserror! Bookmark not defined.... 43 Figure 6: Zambia ODA grants and loans... 44 Figure 61: Zambia ODA in relation to population and GNI... 4 Figure 62: Zambia Main donors... 4 Figure 63: Zambia Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24... 46 List of tables Table 1: Life expectancy at birth... 2 Table 2: Burkina Faso population statistics... 6 Table 3: Burkina Faso income distribution 23... 8 Table 4: Burkina Faso Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24... 11 Table : Ghana - literacy rates... 1 Table 6: Ghana population statistics... 1 Table 7: Ghana income distribution, 1999... 17 Table 8: Ghana Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24... 2 Table 9: Mali - literacy rates... 24 Table 1: Mali population statistics... 24 Table 11: Mali income distribution, 1994... 26 Table 12: Mali Head count poverty and poverty gaps... 26 Table 13: Mali Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24... 29 Table 14: Mozambique population statistics... 33 Table 1: Mozambique income distribution, 1997... 3 Table 16: Mozambique Head count poverty and poverty gaps... 3 Table 17: Mozambique Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24... 37 Table 18: Zambia - literacy rates... 41 Table 19: Zambia population statistics... 41 Table 2: Zambia income distribution, 23... 44 Table 21: Zambia Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24.. 46 Abbreviations and acronyms AUT BF BEL CAN CHE DAC DEU Austria Burkina Faso Belgium Canada Switzerland Development Assistance Committee Germany iv

DNK EC ESP FDI FIN FRA GBR GBS GDP GFATM GNI HDI IDA IRL ITA JPN LUX NLD NOR ODA PPP PRT SWE UNFPA UNICEF WDI Denmark European Commission Spain Foreign Direct Investments Finland France United Kingdom General Budget Support Gross National Product Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Gross National Income Human Development Index International Development Association Ireland Italy Japan Luxemburg Netherlands Norway Official Development Assistance Purchasing Power Parity Portugal Sweden United Nations Population Fund United Nations Children s Fund World Development Indicators v

Introduction At a meeting in Stockholm on September 2, 26 a group of donors decided to approach five partner countries to ask whether they would be interested in evaluating total ODA effectiveness over an extended period of time in their respective countries. This note presents statistical profiles for these five partner countries. The profiles are based on data from the World Bank s World Development Indicators database (WDI) 1, the UNDP s Human Development statistics, the UN Department for Economic and Social Affair s World Population Prospect database and the OECD/DAC s online database on development cooperation. The figures, trends, etc. are presented without any analysis or interpretation. The period covered is 198 to 2. When complete data series are available, they are normally plotted as unbroken curves, as in the figure with GDP per capita curves for the five partner countries below. 2 2 Burkina Fasu Ghana Mali Mozambique Zambia GDP per capita (PPP, constant 2 prices) 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 1: GDP per capita For some variables observations are lacking for some (or many) years. In those cases the series are plotted as broken curves (as in the figure below of the primary education completion rates) or displayed in a bar diagram (as in Figure 1) and sometimes given in the text or in a table. 1 The bulk of the information in this note is extracted from the WDI. 1

8 7 7 6 Completion rate (% of relevant age group) 6 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 2: Primary education completion rates i Burkina Faso Ghana Mali Mozambique Some variables are presented as sub-period averages rather than as annual data series, as in the table below of life expectancy. Table 1: Life expectancy at birth ii Zambia Country 198-199 199-199 199-2 2-2 Burkina Faso 48.6 46.8 4.9 47.4 Ghana. 6.6 6.8 6.7 Mali 44.9 46.7 47.4 47.8 Mozambique 42.8 43.6 43.9 41.9 Zambia 49.2 43.4 38.7 37.4 Although much effort is made to collect and improve data, the reader should use it with some caution, not least because of the difficulty of correctly including information on unregistered activities in official data. 2 2 Friedrich Schneider and Robert Klinglmair in their study of Shadow economies around the world: what do we know estimated that shadow economy in percent of GDP the year 2 was 38% for Burkina Faso and Ghana, 41% for Mali, 4% for Mozambique and 49% for Zambia. 2

Country profiles Burkina Faso Capital Official language Year of independence Population (millions) GDP (billions) GNI/capita HDI ranking Life expectancy School enrolment (primary net, %) Ouagadougou French 196 12.8 4.8 3 17 48.1 4. ODA total net (million) ODA/capita ODA/GNI Four largest donors: 61 48 12.7 IDA Fr EC NL Notes: GNI and GDP figures are in current USD and GNI is based on the World Bank Atlas method. All figures are 24 year s values. Population, GDP, GNI and school enrolment are from World Bank Key Statistics. Life expectancy from WDI, and ODA figures from OECD/DAC s online database. Burkina Faso is a poor country with social indicators ranking below the averages for Sub- Saharan Africa. The turmoil in Burkina Faso s neighbouring country Côte d Ivoire is straining the economy and especially its trade. In 2, Burkina Faso prepared a PRSP that was later updated for the period 24-26. Burkina Faso is a parliamentary democracy with a president as head of state. Legislative elections were held in a satisfactory manner in May 22. The CDP (Le Congrès pour la Démocratie et le Progrès, the party of the president) won, taking 64% of the votes. Paramanga Ernest Yonli was confirmed as Prime Minister. The last presidential elections were held in November 2. The elections were deemed fair by international observers. Blaise Compaoré won a third term of five years. Municipal elections took place in April 26 resulting in first time election of local governments for 32 newly established rural communes. Below follows information on selected economic and social indicators for the period 198 2. 3

GDP and GDP per capita 4 3 GDP GDP per capita GDP per capita PPP 1 2, 1, GDP (millions US$, constant 2 prices) 3 2 2 1 1 8, 6, 4, GDP per capita (constant 2 prices) 2,, 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 3: Burkina Faso - GDP and GDP per capita iii 1 8 GDP GDP per capita 6 Percentage growth rate 4 2 198 199 199 2 2-2 -4-6 Figure 4: Burkina Faso - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates 4

4 Value added by sector (% of GDP) 4 3 3 2 2 1 Agriculture Manufacturing Services 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure : Burkina Faso Sector contribution to GDP 1 2,33 1 1 1 GDP per capita PPP HDI-index,33,32 GDP per capita - PPP (constant 2 prices) 9 8 7 6 4 3,32,31,31,3,3,29 HDI-index 2,29 1,28,28 198 199 199 2 23 Figure 6: Burkina Faso HDI and GDP per capita iv

Health and education In 24, the adult (age 1 and above) literacy rate was 21.9 and the youth (age 1-24) literacy rate was 31.2. 4 3 Completion rate (% of relevant age group) 3 2 2 1 1 Total Female Male 1988 1993 1998 23 Figure 7: Burkina Faso Primary education completion rates i Table 2: Burkina Faso population statistics ii Indicator 198-199 199-199 199-2 2-2 Population growth rate (%) 2.89 2.84 2.77 3.17 Total fertility rate (children per woman) 7.44 7.16 6.94 6.67 Infant mortality rate (per 1, births) 133.2 124.9 123.2 121.4 Life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined (years) 48.6 46.8 4.9 47.4 Life expectancy at birth, males (years) 47. 4.3 4.2 46.7 Life expectancy at birth, females (years).4 48.4 46.8 48.1 Burkina Faso was estimated to have an adult HIV prevalence rate of 2.% in 2. v 6

Trade and the balance of payments 3 3 2 Export Import External balance 2 1 Export and import (% of GDP) 1 198 199 199 2 2 - -1-1 -2-2 -3 Figure 8: Burkina Faso - Export, import and external balance on goods and services Investment and savings 3 2 Gross capital formation Domestic savings Foreign direct investments Investments and savings (% of GDP) 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 - Figure 9: Burkina Faso Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings 7

Poverty and income distribution 4,71 46,8 4 39,6 3 Gini-index 3 2 2 1 1 1993 1998 23 Figure 1: Burkina Faso Change in income distribution, the Gini-index vi Table 3: Burkina Faso income distribution 23 vii Income group Share of total income Lowest 1% 2,77 Lowest 2% 6,89 Second 2% 1,87 Third 2% 14, Fourth 2% 2,3 Highest 2% 47,21 Highest 1% 32,22 8

Poverty gap (1 $) Poverty gap (2 $) Head count (1 $) Head count (2$) Head count rural Head count urban 9 8 8 7 7 Poverty gaps and head count poverty 6 6 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1993 1998 23 Figure 11: Burkina Faso Head count poverty and poverty gaps viii Development cooperation 1 Total ODA net Grants Loans ODA (millions $, constant 24 prices) 198 199 199 2 - Figure 12: Burkina Faso ODA grants and loans 9

3 8 ODA as % GNI ODA per capita 7 6 Percentage 2 1 4 3 ODA per capita (constant 24, $) 2 1 198 199 199 2 Figure 13: Burkina Faso ODA in relation to population and GNI Other 18% IDA 17% Belgium 3% Arab Countries 3% Switzerland 3% France 1% AfDF 6% Germany 6% Denmark 6% Netherlands 9% EC 14% Figure 14: Burkina Faso Main donors ix 1

I.6 Other Social Infrastructure & Services 2% I.3 Population Programmes 3% Other 11% V.1 General Budget Support 21% V.2 Developmental Food Aid/Food Security Assistance 4% I.2 Health, Total % I.4 Water Supply & Sanitation 7% II.1Transport & Storage 9% I. Government & Civil Society 7% I.1 Education, Total 9% II.3 Energy 7% VI. Action relating to debtt III.1 Agriculture - Forestry - Fishing, Total 8% Figure 1: Burkina Faso Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24 Notes: Sectors according to DAC s sector codes Table 4: Burkina Faso Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24 x GBS Transport and Storage Education Agric. Forestry and fishing Debt actions EC 41, EC 7,9 FRA 38,3 DNK 36,6 FRA 7,6 FRA 17, IDA 21,3 CAN 13, DEU 14, IDA 1,9 NLD 16,6 DEU 4, BEL 1,3 FRA 13,1 ITA 1,7 IDA 11, CHE 2, NLD 9,6 JPN 12,9 AUT 4,4 SWE 7, FRA,6 CHE 6,2 BEL 1,7 ESP 2, CHE 4,1 BEL,1 DEU 6,1 NLD 3,1 GBR 1,2 BEL 1,4 AUT 3,9 FIN 2,6 NLD,3 JPN,9 SWE 3, LUX 1,9 11

Ghana Capital Official language Year of independence Population (millions) GDP (billions) GNI/capita HDI ranking Life expectancy School enrolment (primary net, %) Accra English 197 21.7 8.9 38 138 7.2 7.2 ODA total net (million) ODA/capita ODA/GNI Four larges donors: 1 37 63 16. IDA GBR NLD USA Notes: GNI and GDP figures are in current USD and GNI is based on the World Bank Atlas method. All figures are 24 year s values. Population, GDP, GNI and school enrolment are from World Bank Key Statistics. Life expectancy from WDI, and ODA figures from OECD/DAC s online database. Ghana is a multiparty republic with a president who serves both as Chief of State and as Head of Government. The last elections at the local levels were held in 22. In December 24 presidential and parliament elections were held. The New Patriotic Party s candidate, John A. Kufour, won the poll for a second term in office. There are two dominant parties in Ghana (the New Patriotic Party and the National Democratic Congress). The political landscape is interesting and competitive, as demonstrated by the recent by-elections that were won by the opposition with a fairly high margin. In 22 the Government of Ghana adopted the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS). Development partner coordination is strong in Ghana. A group of donors aligned their support to the GPRS under a common Multi-Donor Budgetary Support framework in 23. The GPRS II was issued in early 26 and the donors are in the process of updating their budgetary support framework. Below follows information on selected economic and social indicators for the period 198 2. 12

GDP and GDP per capita 7 2 6 GDP GDP per capita GDP per capita PPP 2 GDP (millions US$, constant 2 prices) 4 3 2 1 1 GDP per capita (constant 2 prices) 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 16: Ghana - GDP and GDP per capita iii 7 6 GDP GDP per capita Percentage growth rate 4 3 2 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 17: Ghana - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates 13

4 Agriculture Manufacturing Services 4 Value added by sector (% of GDP) 3 3 2 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 18: Ghana Sector contribution to GDP 2 2,8 2 1 8 GDP per capita PPP HDI-index,6 GDP per capita - PPP (constant 2 prices) 1 6 1 4 1 2 1 8 6,4,2,,48 HDI-index 4 2,46,44 198 199 199 2 23 Figure 19: Ghana HDI and GDP per capita iv 14

Health and education Table : Ghana - literacy rates Group 199 24 Adult female 47,18 49,79 Adult male 7,8 66,3 Adult total 8,46 7,9 Youth female 7,4 6,49 Youth male 88,16 7,9 Youth total 81,78 7,66 Notes: Figures are in terms of literacy rate as percentage of group. Adult - age 1 and above; youth - age 1-24. 8 7 7 6 Completion rate (% of relevant age group) 6 4 4 3 3 2 2 Female Male Total 1 1 199 199 2 2 Figure 2: Ghana Primary education completion rates i The HDI register a HIV prevalence of 2.2% for year 23 and 2.3% for year 2 of the population ages 1-49. Table 6: Ghana population statistics ii Indicator 198-199 199-199 199-2 2-2 Population growth rate (%) 2.89 2.71 2.28 2.14 Total fertility rate (children per woman) 6.9.46 4.82 4.39 Infant mortality rate (per 1, births) 81. 73.2 66.2 62.3 Life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined (years). 6.6 6.8 6.7 Life expectancy at birth, males (years) 4.2.4 6. 6.2 Life expectancy at birth, females (years) 7. 8. 7.7 7.2 Ghana was estimated to have an adult HIV prevalence rate of 2.3% in 2. v 1

Trade and the balance of payments 7 7 6 6 Export Import External balance 4 Export and import (% of GDP) 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 198-199 199 2 2-1 -1-2 -2 Figure 21: Ghana - export, import and external balance on goods and services Investment and savings 3 3 Gross capital formation Domestic savings Foreign direct investments Investments and savings (% of GDP) 2 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 22: Ghana Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings 16

Poverty and income distribution 4 4 3 3 Gini-index 2 2 1 1 1987 1992 1997 Figure 23: Ghana Change in income distribution, the Gini-index vi Table 7: Ghana income distribution, 1999 vii Income group Share of total income Lowest 1% 2,13 Lowest 2%,8 Second 2% 1,6 Third 2% 14,86 Fourth 2% 22,92 Highest 2% 46,9 Highest 1% 3,2 17

Poverty gap (1 $) Poverty gap (2 $) Head count (1 $) Head count (2$) Head count rural Head count urban 9 8 8 7 7 Poverty gaps and head count poverty 6 6 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1987 1992 1997 Figure 24: Burkina Faso Head count poverty and poverty gaps viii Development cooperation 2 2 Total ODA net Grants Loans ODA (millions $, constant 24 prices) 1 1 198 199 199 2 - -1 Figure 2: Ghana ODA grants and loans 18

2 18 ODA as % GNI ODA per capita 16 14 Percentage 1 12 1 8 6 ODA per capita (constant 24, $) 4 2 198 199 199 2 Figure 26: Ghana ODA in relation to population and GNI Canada 3% Other 12% IDA 22% Germany % EC % AfDF % Denmark 6% United Kingdom 17% IDA United Kingdom Netherlands United States Japan Denmark EC Germany AfDF Canada Other Japan 6% United States 8% Netherlands 11% Figure 27: Ghana Main donors ix 19

II. Business & Other Services V.2 Developmental Food Aid/Food Security Assistance Other I.6 Other Social Infrastructure & Services I. Government & Civil Society VI. ACTION RELATING TO DEBT I.3 Population Programmes I.1 Education, Total II.1Transport & Storage III.1 Agriculture - Forestry - Fishing, Total I.4 Water Supply & Sanitation I.2 Health, Total V.1 General Budget Support Figure 28: Ghana Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24 Notes: Sectors according to DAC s sector codes Table 8: Ghana Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24 x Debt actions GBS Health Water and sanitation Agric forestry fishing JPN 6,3 GBR 43, NLD 34,9 IDA 32, CAN,1 GBR 14,4 EC 23, GBR 23,9 DNK 18,3 GBR 17,2 IDA 6,6 NLD 21,3 USA 1, CAN 14,3 NLD 1,7 NLD 4, IDA, IDA 11, NLD 11,2 DEU 6,8 FRA 3, JPN 3,3 GFATM,2 DEU 9,8 USA 6, AUT 1,7 CHE 1,8 JPN 4,3 EC 7,2 JPN 4, DEU 1,3 DNK 1, DNK 1,8 GBR 4,6 EC 1,7 ESP 1,3 CAN 1, UNICEF 1,3 JPN 1,4 FRA 1,2 2

Mali Capital Official language Year of independence Population (millions) GDP (billions) GNI/capita HDI ranking Life expectancy School enrolment (primary net, %) Bamako French 196 13.1 4.9 33 174 48.3 46. ODA total net (million) ODA/capita ODA/GNI Four larges donors 67 43 12.2 Fr IDA EC NL Notes: GNI and GDP figures are in current USD and GNI is based on the World Bank Atlas method. All figures are 24 year s values. Population, GDP, GNI and school enrolment are from World Bank Key Statistics. Life expectancy from WDI, and ODA figures from OECD/DAC s online database. Like Burkina Faso, Mali is a poor land-locked country in West Africa. The economy is vulnerable to weather conditions and fluctuating terms of trade. Mali is a republic with a president as Head of State. The president appoints the Prime Minister. The presidential election in May 22 resulted in Amadou Toumani Touré being elected for a five-year term. In July the same year elections was held for the national assembly. Mali is ruled by a multiparty government. In 22 the government adopted a PRSP for the period 22-26. Below follows information on selected economic and social indicators for the period 198 2. 21

GDP and GDP per capita 3 3 GDP GDP per capita GDP per capita PPP 1, 9, 8, GDP (millions US$, constant 2 prices) 2 2 1 1 7, 6,, 4, 3, GDP per capita (constant 2 prices) 2, 1,, 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 29: Mali - GDP and GDP per capita iii 1 1 GDP GDP per capita Percentage growth rate - 198 199 199 2 2-1 -1 Figure 3: Mali - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates 22

Agriculture Manufacturing Services 4 4 Value added by sector (% of GDP) 3 3 2 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 31: Mali Sector contribution to GDP 1,3 9 8 GDP per capita PPP HDI-index,3 GDP per capita - PPP (constant 2 prices) 7 6 4 3 2,2,2,1,1 HDI-index 1, 198 199 199 2 23 Figure 32: Mali HDI and GDP per capita iv 23

Health and education Table 9: Mali - literacy rates Group 24 Adult female 11,89 Adult male 26,73 Adult total 19,4 Youth female 16,86 Youth male 32,2 Youth total 24,19 Notes: Figures are in terms of literacy rate as percentage of group. Adult - age 1 and above; youth - age 1-24. 6 6 Female Male Total Completion rate (% of relevant age group) 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1989 1994 1999 24 Figure 33: Mali Primary education completion rates i The WDI registers a fall in the HIV prevalence rate in Mali from 1.8% in the year 21 to 1.7% in the year 2, for ages 1-49. Table 1: Mali population statistics ii Indicator 198-199 199-199 199-2 2-2 Population growth rate (%) 2.43 2.64 2.76 2.98 Total fertility rate (children per woman) 7.47 7.38 7.22 6.92 Infant mortality rate (per 1, births) 11.8 142. 136.7 133. Life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined (years) 44.9 46.7 47.4 47.8 Life expectancy at birth, males (years) 44.1 4.8 46.6 47.1 Life expectancy at birth, females (years) 4.9 47.6 48.2 48.4 Mali was estimated to have an adult HIV prevalence rate of 1.7% in 2. v 24

Trade and the balance of payments 4 4 Export Import External balance 3 3 Export and import (% of GDP) 2 2 1 1 198-199 199 2 2-1 -1-2 -2-3 -3 Figure 34: Mali - Export, import and external balance on goods and services Investment and savings 3 3 Gross capital formation Domestic savings Foreign direct investments 2 Investments and savings (% of GDP) 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 - -1-1 Figure 3: Mali Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings 2

Poverty and income distribution There is only one observation for the Gini-index in the WDI database for the 2 years, with an index-value of. for 1994. Table 11: Mali income distribution, 1994 vii Income group Share of total income Lowest 1% 1,7 Lowest 2% 4,9 Second 2% 7,98 Third 2% 11,91 Fourth 2% 19,32 Highest 2% 6,2 Highest 1% 4,43 Table 12: Mali Head count poverty and poverty gaps viii Head count poverty and poverty gaps 1994 1998 Poverty gap at $1 (%) 37,39 Poverty gap at $2 (%) 6,3 Poverty headcount ratio at $1 (% of population) 72,29 Poverty headcount ratio at $2 (% of population) 9, Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population) 63,8 Poverty headcount ratio at rural poverty line (% of rural population) 7,9 Poverty headcount ratio at urban poverty line (% of urban population) 3,1 26

Development cooperation 1 Total ODA net Grants Loans ODA (millions $, constant 24 prices) 198 199 199 2 - Figure 36: Mali ODA grants and loans 4 12, ODA as % GNI ODA per capita 1, 3 Percentage 2 8, 6, 4, ODA per capita (constant 24, $) 1 2, 198 199 199 2, Figure 37: Mali ODA in relation to population and GNI 27

Arab Countries 3% Other 12% France 18% Japan 4% Canada 4% AfDF 4% Germany 6% IDA 16% France IDA EC Netherlands United States Germany Canada Japan AfDF Arab Countries Other United States 9% Netherlands 11% EC 13% Figure 38: Mali Main donors ix II.2Communications III.2 Industry - Mining - Construction, Total Other II. Business & Other Services V.2 Developmental Food Aid/Food Security Assistance V.1 General Budget Support II.3 Energy IV.1 General Environment Protection III.1 Agriculture - Forestry - Fishing, Total II.1Transport & Storage VI. ACTION RELATING TO DEBT Figure 39: Mali Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24 Notes: Sectors according to DAC s sector codes 28

Table 13: Mali Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24 x GBS Debt actions Transport and storage Agric forestry fishing Env protection EC 46,7 FRA 4,2 EC 8,2 EC 2, EC 3, FRA 24,4 JPN 3, IDA 7,9 FRA 18,6 FRA 2,8 NLD 16,3 IDA 9, FRA 7,7 DEU 13,6 CHE 9,9 SWE,1 GBR 3,6 DEU 3,9 CHE 1, USA 4,6 JPN 4,3 NLD 3,2 CAN,2 USA 8,6 NLD 4,3 IDA 3,1 USA,1 NLD 7,9 DEU 1,9 JPN 7,6 LUX,4 CAN 7,4 JPN,1 29

Mozambique Capital Official language Year of independence Population (millions) GDP (billions) GNI/capita HDI ranking Life expectancy School enrolment (primary net, %) Portuguese 197 19.4.9 27 168 41.8 71. ODA total net (million) ODA/capita ODA/GNI Four largest donors 1 232 63 23.7 IDA It Fr EC Notes: GNI and GDP figures are in current USD and GNI is based on the World Bank Atlas method. All figures are 24 year s values. Population, GDP, GNI and school enrolment are from World Bank Key Statistics. Life expectancy from WDI, and ODA figures from OECD/DAC s online database. Though progress has been made, Mozambique is a very poor country. The president is the Head of State and is elected for five years as are the members of the republic s assembly. The two dominant parties are FRELIMO (Frente de Libertação de Moçambique) and RENAMO (Resistência Nacional Moçambicana). Elections were held in 24 for both the presidency and the national assembly. Armando Guebuza (the FRELIMO candidate) won the presidential election. In the parliamentary elections FRELIMO got 62% of the votes. The elections were criticised for not being conducted in a fair and transparent manner by the National Electoral Commission and others. The donors are supporting Mozambique s Action Plan for Reduction of Absolute Poverty (PARFA Mozambique s PRSPs) that was approved by the Council of Ministers in 21. The government has recently finalised a second PRSP/PARFA. Below follows information on selected economic and social indicators for the period 98 2. 3

GDP and GDP per capita 6 6 GDP GDP per capita GDP per capita PPP 1 4, 1 2, GDP (millions US$, constant 2 prices) 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1, 8, 6, 4, GDP per capita (constant 2 prices) 1 2,, 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 4: Mozambique - GDP and GDP per capita iii 2 GDP GDP per capita 1 1 Percentage growth rate 198 199 199 2 2 - -1-1 Figure 41: Mozambique - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates 31

4 Agriculture Manufacturing Services 4 Value added by sector (% of GDP) 3 3 2 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 42: Mozambique Sector contribution to GDP 1 2 1 1 1 GDP per capita PPP HDI-index,4,3 GDP per capita - PPP (constant 2 prices) 9 8 7 6 4 3,3,2,2,1,1 HDI-index 2 1, 198 199 199 2 23 Figure 43: Mozambique HDI and GDP per capita iv 32

Health and education 4 3 Female Male Total Completion rate (% of relevant age group) 3 2 2 1 1 199 199 2 2 Figure 44: Mozambique Primary education completion rates i The WDI registered a HIV prevalence rate of 16.% in the year 23 and of 16.1% in the year 2 of ages 1-49. Table 14: Mozambique population statistics ii Indicator 198-199 199-199 199-2 2-2 Population growth rate (%).32 3.32 2.44 2. Total fertility rate (children per woman) 6.3 6.2.9.1 Infant mortality rate (per 1, births) 142.8 133.8 112.9 1.9 Life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined (years) 42.8 43.6 43.9 41.9 Life expectancy at birth, males (years) 41.3 41.9 42.1 41. Life expectancy at birth, females (years) 44.4 4.2 4. 42.8 Mozambique was estimated to have an adult HIV prevalence rate of 16.1% in 2. v 33

Trade and the balance of payments 4 4 Export Import External balance 3 3 2 Export and import (% of GDP) 2 1 1 198-199 199 2 2-1 -1-2 -2-3 -3-4 Figure 4: Mozambique - Export, import and external balance on goods and services Investment and savings 4 3 3 Capital formation Domestic savings Foreign direct investments 2 Investments and savings (% of GDP) 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 - -1-1 Figure 46: Mozambique Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings 34

Poverty and income distribution In the WDI database there is only one observation during the last 2 years of the Gini-index vi, with an index-value of 39.6 for 1997. Table 1: Mozambique income distribution, 1997 vii Income group Share of total income Lowest 1% 2,4 Lowest 2% 6,48 Second 2% 1,83 Third 2% 1,6 Fourth 2% 21,12 Highest 2% 46,1 Highest 1% 31,72 Table 16: Mozambique Head count poverty and poverty gaps viii Head count poverty and poverty gaps 1997 Poverty gap at $1 (%) 12,2 Poverty gap at $2 (%) 36,7 Poverty headcount ratio at $1 (% of population) 37,8 Poverty headcount ratio at $2 (% of population) 78,39 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population) 69,4 Poverty headcount ratio at rural poverty line (% of rural population) 71,3 Poverty headcount ratio at urban poverty line (% of urban population) 62, Development cooperation 3 3 Total ODA net Grants Loans 2 ODA (millions $, constant 24 prices) 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 - -1 3

Figure 47: Mozambique ODA grants and loans 1 18, 9 ODA as % GNI ODA per capita 16, 8 14, Percentage 7 6 4 3 12, 1, 8, 6, ODA per capita (constant 24, $) 2 4, 1 2, 198 199 199 2, Figure 48: Mozambique ODA in relation to population and GNI IDA 12% Sweden 4% Denmark % Other 27% Italy 9% EC 9% France 9% IDA Italy France EC United States United Kingdom Germany Netherlands Denmark Sweden Other Netherlands % Germany % United Kingdom 7% United States 8% Figure 49: Mozambique Main donors ix 36

III.1 Agriculture - Forestry - Fishing, Total IV.3 Other Multisector Other II.3 Energy VI. ACTION RELATING TO DEBT VII.2 Other Emergency and Distress Relief II.1Transport & Storage V.2 Developmental Food Aid/Food Security Assistance I.3 Population Programmes I.1 Education, Total V.1 General Budget Support I.2 Health, Total I. Government & Civil Society Figure : Mozambique Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24 Notes: Sectors according to DAC s sector codes Table 17: Mozambique Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24 x Gov. and civ. society Health Education Debt actions GBS FRA 29,9 EC 32,3 GBR 1, EC 16,4 DNK 17,9 ITA 27,6 GBR 24, IDA 12,6 GBR 1,4 CAN 14,2 PRT 12,8 SWE 1,2 DNK 9,9 NOR 1,4 PRT 11,1 DEU 12, NLD 8,4 NOR 9,3 CHE 8,9 DEU 8,6 GBR 9,6 DNK 7,2 SWE 8,4 IRL 6,9 FIN 6,7 ESP 2,7 NOR,7 NLD 7,9 ESP,9 IRL 6,3 USA 2,4 IRL 2,6 CHE 7,7 DNK 4,9 SWE 6, AUT 1,2 JPN 2, EC,4 FIN 4,4 NLD,6 37

Zambia Capital Official language Year of independence Population (millions) GDP (billions) GNI/capita HDI ranking Life expectancy School enrolment (primary net, %) Lusaka English 1964 11..4 4 166 38.1 79.8 ODA total net (million) ODA/capita ODA/GNI Four larges donors 1 82 94 2.7 IDA UK Ger EC Notes: GNI and GDP figures are in current USD and GNI is based on the World Bank Atlas method. All figures are 24 year s values. Population, GDP, GNI and school enrolment are from World Bank Key Statistics. Life expectancy from WDI, and ODA figures from OECD/DAC s online database. The president of Zambia is both Chief of State and Eead of Government. A unicameral national assembly is the legislative body. The Movement for Multi-party Democracy (MMD) is the dominant party. Levy Mwanawasa (the MMD candidate) won the presidential election in 21 and the MMD also got most (though not the majority) of the votes in the election for the national assembly. The election results were widely disputed. In the recently held parliamentary and presidential elections President Mwanawasa won a second term in office. The later elections were regarded as having been more professionally conducted than previous ones. The Government of Zambia developed a PRSP for the period 22-24 that was extended to cover 2. Through a Joint Assistance Strategy the donors currently plan to support Zambia s th National Development Plan that outlines Government s plan to reduce poverty and enhance growth. An important recent development is Zambia s attainment of the HIPC completion point last year. As a result of the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative Zambia has had it external debt reduced from around $7.1 billion to $. billion which will free resources for other purposes. Below follows information on selected economic and social indicators for the period 198 2. 38

GDP and GDP per capita 4 4 3 GDP GDP per capita GDP per capita PPP 1 2, 1, GDP (millions US$, constant 2 prices) 3 2 2 1 8, 6, 4, GDP per capita (constant 2 prices) 1 2,, 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 1: Zambia - GDP and GDP per capita iii 8 6 4 2 Percentage growth rate -2-4 198 199 199 2 2-6 -8 GDP GDP per capita -1-12 Figure 2: Zambia - GDP and GDP per capita growth rates 39

6 Agriculture Manufacturing Services 4 Value added by sector (% of GDP) 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 Figure 3: Zambia Sector contribution to GDP 1 2,6 1 1 GDP per capita PPP HDI-index 1, GDP per capita - PPP (constant 2 prices) 9 8 7 6 4 3,4,3,2 HDI-index 2,1 1 198 199 199 2 23 Figure 4: Zambia HDI and GDP per capita iv 4

Health and education Table 18: Zambia - literacy rates Group 199 24 Adult female 8,71 9,8 Adult male 78,7 76,2 Adult total 68,1 68, Youth female 76,17 66,23 Youth male 86,42 72,62 Youth total 81,19 69,46 Notes: Figures are in terms of literacy rate as percentage of group. Adult - age 1 and above; youth - age 1-24. 7 7 6 6 Completion rate (% of relevant age group) 4 4 3 3 2 2 Female Male Total 1 1 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 2 Figure : Zambia Primary education completion rates i The WDI registered HIV prevalence rates of 1.6, 16.9 and 17. for ages 1-49 for the years 22, 23 and 2 respectively. Table 19: Zambia population statistics ii Indicator 198-199 199-199 199-2 2-2 Population growth rate (%) 3.17 2.64 2.26 1.73 Total fertility rate (children per woman) 6.66 6.3 6.3.6 Infant mortality rate (per 1, births) 99. 12.1 98.3 9.1 Life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined (years) 49.2 43.4 38.7 37.4 Life expectancy at birth, males (years) 47.3 42. 38.4 37.9 Life expectancy at birth, females (years) 1.4 4. 38.9 36.9 Zambia was estimated to have an adult HIV prevalence rate of 17.% in 2. v 41

Trade and the balance of payments 4 Export Import External balance 4 3 3 Export and import (% of GDP) 2 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 - -1-1 -2-2 Figure 6: Zambia - Export, import and external balance on goods and services Investment and savings 3 2 Gross capital formation Domestic savings Foreign direct investments Investments and savings (% of GDP) 2 1 1 198 199 199 2 2 - Figure 7: Zambia Gross capital formation, FDIs and domestic savings 42

Poverty and income distribution 6 6 6, 2,61 49,79 3,8 4 42,8 4 Gini-index 3 3 2 2 1 1 199 199 2 Figure 8: Zambia Change in income distribution, the Gini-index vi The figure above includes a trend line. To the extent that the surveys on which the Gini-index is based are comparable over time, inequality as measured by the index has been reduced. 1 9 Poverty gap (1 $) Poverty gap (2 $) Head count (1 $) Head count (2$) Head count rural Head count urban 9 8 8 7 Poverty gaps and head count poverty 7 6 6 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 199 199 2 Figure 9: Zambia Head count poverty and poverty gapsfel! Bokmärket är inte definierat. 43

Table 2: Zambia income distribution, 23 vii Income group Share of total income Lowest 1% 2,42 Lowest 2% 6,13 Second 2% 1,18 Third 2% 14,22 Fourth 2% 2,66 Highest 2% 48,82 Highest 1% 33,72 Development cooperation 2 2 Total ODA net Grants Loans ODA (millions $, constant 24 prices) 1 1 198 199 199 2 - -1 Figure 6: Zambia ODA grants and loans 44

7 2 6 ODA as % GNI ODA per capita 2 Percentage 4 3 2 1 1 ODA per capita (constant 24, $) 1 1 6 11 16 Figure 61: Zambia ODA in relation to population and GNI Norway 4% France 4% Other 8% IDA 22% Denmark % Japan % Netherlands 6% United States 7% United Kingdom 1% IDA United Kingdom Germany EC United States Netherlands Japan Denmark Norway France Other EC 11% Germany 13% Figure 62: Zambia Main donors ix 4

IV.3 Other Multisector I.6 Other Social Infrastructure & Services Other I.4 Water Supply & Sanitation III.1 Agriculture - Forestry - Fishing, Total VI. ACTION RELATING TO DEBT I. Government & Civil Society III.2 Industry - Mining - Construction, Total II.1Transport & Storage I.3 Population Programmes V.1 General Budget Support I.2 Health, Total I.1 Education, Total Figure 63: Zambia Sector distribution of grant commitments 2-24 Notes: Sectors according to DAC s sector codes Table 21: Zambia Donors shares (%) of total grant commitments per sector 2-24 x Pop. Programmes Education Health GBS Debt actions DEU 34,1 USA 39,2 NOR 23,6 NLD 28,9 EC 94,1 GBR 29,9 GFATM 18,2 GBR 21,4 GFATM 13, JPN 4, FRA 12,1 GBR 14, NLD 14,4 SWE 11,6 GBR 1,8 ITA 6,1 IDA 12,3 IRL 8,8 DNK 9,6 NOR,1 IDA,4 NOR 3,8 FIN 6,8 USA 8, NLD 4,3 DEU 2,4 DNK,6 IRL 8, JPN 3,2 NLD 2,3 USA 4,6 JPN,3 CAN 2,9 UNFPA 1, JPN 3,6 GBR, i Primary completion rate, (% of relevant age and group): Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age. ii Source: United Nations Population Division. http://esa.un.org/unpp/ (data downloaded 26-1-16). iii When calculating GPD per capita PPP the PPP exchange rate is used instead of actual the exchange rate. PPP stands for purchasing power parity, a criterion for an appropriate exchange rate between currencies. It is a rate such that a representative basket of goods in country A costs the same as in country B if the currencies are exchanged at that rate. iv The human development index (HDI) is a composite index that measures the average achievements in a country within three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, as measured by life expectancy at birth; knowledge, as measured by the adult literacy rate and the combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary schools; and a decent standard of living, as measured by GDP per capita in 46

purchasing power parity (PPP) US dollars. The line in the graph connects the HDI for the years 198, 199, 199, 2 and 23. The calculation of the HDI at these intervals is based on a consistent methodology and on comparable trend data available when 2 the Human Development Report was prepared. v Adult is defined as age 1-49. Source: 26 Report on the global AIDS epidemic, UNAIDS/WHO, May 26. vi Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of represents perfect equality, while an index of 1 implies perfect inequality. vii The first column lists the population in different groups according to their income ranking while respective groups share (%) of the total income is given in the second column. Looking at Table 3, for example, in first row we have Lowest 1% in the first column, which means the ten percent of the population with the lowest income in Burkina Faso. Column two says that this group only receives 2.77 % of the total income. With a perfectly equal distribution of incomes the poorest 1% of the population would receive 1% of the total income. viii Source: the WDI online data-base. Definitions: Poverty gap (1 $) Poverty gap at $1 a day (PPP) (%): Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as. signifies a poverty gap of less than. percent. Poverty gap (2 $) Poverty gap at $2 a day (PPP) (%): Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as. signifies a poverty gap of less than. percent. Head count (1 $) Poverty headcount ratio at $1 a day (PPP) (% of population): Population below $1 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.8 a day at 1993 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates cannot be compared with poverty rates reported previously for individual countries. Data showing as 2. signifies a poverty rate of less than 2. percent. Head count (2$) Poverty headcount ratio at $2 a day (PPP) (% of population): Population below $2 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $2.1 a day at 1993 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates cannot be compared with poverty rates reported previously for individual countries. Data showing as 2. signifies a poverty rate of less than 2. percent. Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population): National poverty rate is the percentage of the population living below the national poverty line. National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys. Head count rural Poverty headcount ratio at rural poverty line (% of rural population): Rural poverty rate is the percentage of the rural population living below the national rural poverty line. Head count urban Poverty headcount ratio at urban poverty line (% of urban population): Urban poverty rate is the percentage of the urban population living below the national urban poverty line. ix The relative distribution of ODA total net disbursements 2-24, for the ten larges donors and the remaining donors summarized as Others. DAC online database on annual aggregates (DAC development statistics table 2a, downloaded 6114). x The table includes the eight largest donors in each sector according to their share of total sector grant commitments in the period 2-24. The sectors included are the five that received the largest grant commitments over the same period (see the pie chart above the table). Multilateral donors are in italics. DAC online database (CRS table 1, downloaded 6112). 47