June 2017 Statistical Factsheet Belgium CONTENTS Main figures 2016 1. KEY DATA 2. POPULATION & ECONOMY 3. FINANCIAL ASPECTS 4. ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS 5. AGRICULTURAL TRADE 6. FARM STRUCTURE 1 2 3 4-5 6-12 13-14 15-16 Population (1 st January) 11,311,117 persons Area* 30,530 km 2 Currency EUR euro Nominal GDP at current prices 421,974 million EUR GDP per capita at current prices 37,400 EUR GDP per capita at purchasing power* 34,200 PPS Harmonised index of consumer prices 1.8% change over previous year Unemployment rate 7.8% of labour force Exports (goods & services) 356,092 million EUR Imports (goods & services) 345,985 million EUR Balance (goods & services) 10,106 million EUR Exports of agricultural products 37,860 million EUR Imports of agricultural products 32,388 million EUR Current account balance* 0.2 % of GDP General government balance -2.6 % of GDP General government gross debt 105.9 % of GDP Updated: April 2017 * Data refer to the year 2015 Main figures - Year 2016 Sources: European Commission, Eurostat, and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs. Agriculture and Rural Development
1. KEY DATA Macroeconomics Population (new European Commission methodology) Total population (number of persons), of which: 2015 11,237,274 2.2% of EU-28 in predominantly rural regions (PR) 2015 8.5% 19.3% in EU-28 in intermediate regions 2015 38.1% 36.0% in EU-28 in predominantly urban regions 2015 53.3% 44.7% in EU-28 Population in PR regions (number of persons) 2015 958,865 1.0% of EU-28 GDP In EUR (current prices): Million EUR 2016 421,974 2.8% of EU-28 GDP per capita 2016 37,400 29,000 in EU-28 GDP per capita (PPS) 2015 34,200 28,900 in EU-28 Real GDP growth rate (% change over previous year) 2016 1.2% 1.9% in EU-28 Gross value added Agriculture, forestry and fishing (% of total GVA) 2016 0.7% 1.5% in EU-28 Financial aspects Agricultural expenditure Total expenditure (million EUR), of which: 2016 710 1.1% of EU-28 Direct payments (%) 2016 73.6% 65.3% in EU-28 Market measures (%) 2016 10.9% 5.0% in EU-28 Rural development (%) 2016 15.5% 29.7% in EU-28 Economic accounts of agriculture Agricultural output Agricultural goods output (million EUR), of which: 2016 7,657.0 2.1% of EU-28 Crop output, of which: 2016 45.8% 1.7% of EU-28 Cereals (including seeds) 2016 7.0% 0.6% of EU-28 Industrial crops 2016 5.5% 1.1% of EU-28 Forage plants 2016 18.5% 2.6% of EU-28 Vegetables and horticultural products 2016 38.8% 2.6% of EU-28 Potatoes 2016 19.3% 5.7% of EU-28 Fruits 2016 12.4% 1.4% of EU-28 Wine 2016 0.0% 0.0% of EU-28 Olive oil 2016 : : of EU-28 Animal output, of which: 2016 54.2% 2.7% of EU-28 Cattle 2016 24.7% 3.3% of EU-28 Pigs 2016 32.8% 3.9% of EU-28 Sheep and goats 2016 0.2% 0.2% of EU-28 Poultry 2016 12.1% 2.4% of EU-28 Milk 2016 25.6% 2.2% of EU-28 Eggs 2016 4.0% 1.9% of EU-28 Gross value added at basic prices (million EUR) 2016 2,046.2 1.3% of EU-28 Agricultural input Total intermediate consumption (million EUR) 2016 5,693.3 2.4% of EU-28 Agricultural income Indicator A (% change over previous year) 2016-12.1% -0.4% in EU-28 Farm structure Holdings Total (No), of which: 2013 37,760 0.3% of EU-28 UAA < 5 ha (%) 2013 14.5% 66.3% in EU-28 Economic size < 4 000 2013 2.6% 55.7% in EU-28 Holder < 35 years (%) 2013 4.0% 6.0% in EU-28 Holder > 64 years (%) 2013 21.2% 31.1% in EU-28 UAA per holding (has) 2013 34.6 16.1 in EU-28 Labour force Persons (No), of which: 2013 74,830 0.3% of EU-28 Women (%) 2013 33.3% 41.8% in EU-28 Holders (%) 2013 43.7% 46.8% in EU-28 Agriculture in % of total employment 2016 1.3% 4.3% in EU-28 Sources: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development. Updated: April 2017 2
2. POPULATION AND ECONOMY Importance of rural areas Territory Population GVA Employment (km 2 ) (persons) (Million EUR) (persons) Year 2015 2015 2013 2015 Predominantly Rural Regions (PR) 9,939 958,865 19,203 351,500 Intermediate Regions (IR) 13,345 4,294,593 121,404 1,788,200 Predominantly Urban Regions (PU) 7,246 6,004,976 210,449 2,359,600 Total 30,530 11,258,434 351,055 4,499,300 Source: Eurostat. Updated: February 2017 100% 90% 80% 70% 24% 53% 60% 52% 60% 50% 44% 30% 20% 10% 0% 38% 35% 33% 9% 5% 8% % Territory % Population % GVA % Employment predominantly rural intermediate predominantly urban Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development Economic forecast Indicators 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017f 2018f GDP In million EUR (current prices) 379,106 387,500 391,712 400,805 410,351 421,974 434,757 449,760 Per capita (in PPS; current prices)* 31,300 32,200 32,100 33,000 34,200 34,037 34,508 35,418 % change over previous period GDP growth (at constant prices) 1.8% 0.1% -0.1% 1.7% 1.5% 1.2% 1.6% 1.4% GDP deflator 2.0% 2.1% 1.2% 0.7% 0.9% 1.6% 1.7% 1.8% Harmonised index of consumer prices 3.4% 2.6% 1.2% 0.5% 0.6% 1.8% 2.0% 1.8% Exports (goods and services) 6.7% 1.8% 0.8% 5.1% 4.3% 6.0% 3.9% 4.3% Imports (goods and services) 7.3% 1.4% 0.3% 5.9% 4.3% 6.0% 3.6% 4.3% Net exports of goods and services (million EUR) 1,962 2,390 4,473 3,673 6,852 10,106 11,678 12,338 % of total employment Unemployment rate 7.2 7.6 8.4 8.5 8.5 7.8 7.8 7.6 % of GDP Current account balance 0.1 1.4 1 0.8 0.2 1.2 1.5 1.7 General government balance -4.1-4.2-3.1-3.1-2.5-2.6-2.2-2.3 General government gross debt 102.6 104.3 105.6 106.7 106.0 105.9 106.5 106.1 Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs, European Economic Forecast Autumn 2016. Updated: April 2017 3
3.1. AGRICULTURE: FINANCIAL ASPECTS CAP expenditure Measures 2016 Total 2008-2016 1 000 EUR % Decoupled direct aids 432,184 60.5% 82.5% Other direct aids 84,219 12.3% 16.8% Additional amounts of aid 0 0.2% 0.3% Reimbursement of direct aids in relation to financial discipline 6,227 0.3% 0.4% Direct payments 522,629 73.4% 100.0% Cereals 0-0.1% -0.5% Rice 0 0.0% 0.0% Refunds on non-annex I products 0 0.3% 1.8% Food programmes 0 0.8% 5.0% Sugar 0 2.2% 13.2% Olive oil 0 0.0% 0.0% Textile plants 0 0.3% 1.5% Fruit and vegetables 59,676 7.1% 42.3% Wine sector 0 0.0% 0.0% Promotion 1,351 0.2% 1.1% Other plant products/measures 0 0.0% 0.0% Milk and milk products 5,426 1.3% 7.5% Beef and veal 5,837 0.1% 0.7% Sheepmeat and goatmeat 0 0.0% 0.0% Pigmeat, eggs, poultry and other 5,098 0.3% 1.5% Sugar Restructuring Fund 0 4.4% 25.8% Market measures 77,389 16.9% 100% Rural development * 109,822 9.8% TOTAL 709,840 100.0% Note: Expenditure in commitments for direct payments and market measures; ceilings of support for rural development. Source: European Commission, Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development Updated: M arch 2017. 100% Distribution of CAP expenditure 2016 90% 80% 15.5% 10.9% 29.7% 26.8% 38.3% 70% 5.0% 5.6% 60% 3.3% 50% 30% 73.6% 65.3% 67.6% 58.4% 20% 10% 0% Belgium EU-28 EU-15 EU-N13 Direct payments Market measures Rural development 4
3.2. AGRICULTURE: FINANCIAL ASPECTS Distribution of direct aids to the producers (financial year 2015) 50% Indicative figures on the distribution of direct aid by size-class of aid (1 000 EUR) 45% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 0 - <0.5 0.5 - <1.25 1.25 - <2 2 - <5 5 - <10 10 - <20 20 - <50 50 - <100 100 - <150 150 - <200 200 - <250 250 - <300 300 - <500 >=500 Beneficiaries Payments Size-class of aid (all direct payments) Beneficiaries Financial year 2015 Payments in EUR x 1 000 % of total x 1 000 % of total < 0 0.00 0.01% 0 0.0% 0 and < 500 1.94 5.6% 559 0.1% 500 and < 1 250 2.77 8.0% 2 342 0.4% 1 250 and < 2 000 2.06 5.9% 3 313 0.6% 2 000 and < 5 000 5.42 15.6% 18 533 3.4% 5 000 and < 10 000 5.44 15.7% 39 961 7.3% 10 000 and < 20 000 7.49 21.6% 109 853 20.0% 20 000 and < 50 000 7.76 22.4% 238 770 43.4% 50 000 and < 100 000 1.61 4.6% 104 793 19.0% 100 000 and < 150 000 0.18 0.5% 20 856 3.8% 150 000 and < 200 000 0.04 0.1% 6 711 1.2% 200 000 and < 250 000 0.01 0.03% 2 253 0.4% 250 000 and < 300 000 0.01 0.02% 2 168 0.4% 300 000 and < 500 000 0.00 0.00% 308 0.1% 500 000-0.00% 0 0.0% Total 34.732 100% 550,420 100% Source: European Commission, Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development, Report on the distribution of direct aids to the producers (financial year 2015), October 2016. Note: In order to protect the anonymity of the beneficiaries, numbers less than 10 have been made invisible in this table. 5
Output components Belgium 4.1. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS 2013 2014 2015 Agricultural output Million EUR % of total % of EU- 28 C ereals: 513 452 454 244 7.0% 0.6% Wheat and spelt 322 293 295 167 4.8% 0.8% Rye and meslin 0 0 0 0 0.0% 0.0% Barley 62 55 60 34 1.0% 0.4% Oats and summer cereal mixtures 3 2 2 1 0.0% 0.1% Grain maize 122 98 94 40 1.1% 0.4% Rice 0 0 0 : : : Other cereals 4 3 3 2 0.0% 0.1% Industrial crops: 258 235 221 194 5.5% 1.1% Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits 52 46 49 39 1.1% 0.3% Protein crops 0 3 1 1 0.0% 0.1% Raw tobacco 0 0 0 0 0.0% 0.1% Sugar beet 157 139 121 98 2.8% 3.0% Other industrial crops 47 47 50 : : : Forage plants 668 684 688 649 18.5% 2.6% Vegetables and horticultural products 1 230 1 216 1 332 1 362 38.8% 2.6% Potatoes 659 419 503 678 19.3% 5.7% Fruits 432 426 458 352 10.0% 1.4% Wine 0 0 0 0 0.0% 0.0% Olive oil 0 0 0 : : : Other crop products 29 29 29 29 0.8% 1.1% Crop output 3 790 3 461 3 685 3 508 45.8% 1.7% Animals: 3 190 3 004 2 947 2 923 70.4% 3.0% Cattle 1 024 976 1 046 1 025 24.7% 3.3% Pigs 1 627 1 480 1 357 1 359 32.8% 3.9% Equines 4 4 4 3 0.1% 0.3% Sheep and goats 9 10 9 10 0.2% 0.2% Poultry 499 507 506 502 12.1% 2.4% Other animals 27 26 25 24 0.6% 1.0% Animal products: 1 471 1 500 1 285 1 227 29.6% 2.1% Milk 1 288 1 298 1 063 1 061 25.6% 2.2% Eggs 183 202 222 165 4.0% 1.9% Other animal products 1 1 1 1 0.0% 0.0% Animal output 4 661 4 504 4 233 4 149 54.2% 2.7% Agricultural goods output Gross value added at basic prices Note: 2016 data are estimates and may still change Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at current producer prices). Updated: M arch 2017 Million EUR 2016 8 451 7 965 7 918 7 657 100.0% 2.1% 2 228 2 064 2 186 2 046 1% 6
4.2. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Agricultural input Input components 2014 2015 2016 2015/14 2016/15 Million EUR % Change Seeds and planting stock 349 354 369 1.4% 4.2% Energy 511 449 476-12.2% 6.1% Fertilisers and soil improvers 264 258 206-2.5% -19.8% Plant protection products 247 246 261-0.7% 6.1% Veterinary expenses 223 229 237 2.3% 3.8% Feedingstuffs 3,156 3,090 2,934-2.1% -5.0% Maintenance of materials 205 207 212 0.9% 2.7% Maintenance of buildings 102 101 99-1.4% -2.0% Agricultural services 142 131 134-7.6% 2.0% Other goods and services 662 631 645-4.8% 2.3% Total intermediate consumption 5,982 5,812 5,693-2.8% -2.0% Fixed capital consumption 800 800 823 0.0% 2.9% Note: 2016 data are estimates and may still change Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at current basic prices). Updated: M arch 2017 Agricultural income Values at basic prices 2014 2015 2016 2015/14 2016/15 Million EUR % Change Output of the agricultural "industry": 8,124 8,117 7,827-0.1% -3.6% Crop output 3,457 3,691 3,504 6.8% -5.0% Animal output: 4,587 4,345 4,240-5.3% -2.4% Animals 3,087 3,057 3,009-1.0% -1.6% Animal products 1,500 1,288 1,231-14.1% -4.4% Agricultural services 46 46 47 0.9% 1.6% Secondary activities 34 35 36 1.0% 2.3% - Intermediate consumption 5,982 5,812 5,693-2.8% -2.0% = Gross value added at basic prices 2,142 2,304 2,134 7.6% -7.4% - Consumption of fixed capital 800 800 823 0.0% 2.9% - Taxes 7 7 7-2.1% 1.0% + Subsidies 643 645 629 0.3% -2.5% = Factor income 1,978 2,142 1,933 8.3% -9.8% Agricultural income* (2010=100) 83.2 90.1 79.2 8.3% -12.1% Note: 2016 data are estimates and may still change Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at current basic prices; constant prices for *Indicator A - see definition at the end of this document). Updated: M arch 2017 7
4.3. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Output components (2014-2016 average) Industrial crops, 2.2% Cereals, 4.7% Forage plants, 5.7% Vegetables and horticultural products, 19.4% Potatoes, 4.9% Fruits, 5.2% Other, 0.4% Eggs, 2.8% Milk, 14.0% Cattle, 13.7% Poultry, 7.0% Sheep and goats, 2.4% Pigs, 17.4% Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at constant producer prices). Updated: June 2017. Intermediate consumption (2014-2016 average) Feedingstuffs, 40.3% Maintenance of materials, 4.7% Maintenance of buildings, 2.0% Agricultural services, 4.0% other, 14.8% Seeds and planting stock, 11.2% Energy, lubricants, 5.4% Veterinary expenses, 7.4% Fertiliser, soil improver, 2.9% Plant protection products, 7.2% Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at constant basic prices). Updated: March 2017. 8
1 000 AWU Belgium 4.4. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Evolution of agricultural labour input 80 54 27 0 non-salaried salaried Source: Eurostat. Updated: March 2017. Evolution of agricultural income (*) compared to wages and salaries in other sectors of the economy 115 105 95 85 75 65 55 45 35 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Agricultural income (Indicator A) (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Industry (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Construction (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Services (2010=100) Source: Eurostat. Updated: March 2017. (*) The so-called indicator A is the real net value added at factor cost of agriculture per annual work unit (AWU). The net value added at factor cost (factor income) is calculated by subtracting the consumption of fixed capital from gross value added at basic prices and adding the value of subsidies less taxes. The AWU is defined as the work volume corresponding to one full-time employed worked. 9
4.5. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Evolution of agricultural input and output prices 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Input prices (intermediate consumption) Output prices Source: Eurostat. Updated: March 2017. Evolution of harmonised indices of consumer prices 105 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 all items food Source: Eurostat. Updated: April 2017. 10
4.6. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS 140 Index 2010=100 Farmers' income and labour development index (real terms) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Agricultural income (Indicator A) Annual Working Units Beneficiaries of direct payments Source: Eurostat and DG Agriculture and Rural Development. Updated: March 2017 (*) The so-called indicator A is the real net value added at factor cost of agriculture per annual work unit (AWU). The net value added at factor cost (factor income) is calculated by subtracting the consumption of fixed capital from gross value added at basic prices and adding the value of subsidies less taxes. The AWU is defined as the work volume corresponding to one full-time employed worked. 11
4.7. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS Agricultural income (real terms) 10,000 8,000 million Euro Revenues 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 Costs 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Crop output Animal output Product subsidies Other subsidies Other output Seeds Fertilisers Plant/animal protection Energy Feedingstuffs Labour Rents Interest Other costs Entrepreneurial income 100% Cost Structure 100% Revenue Structure 80% 80% 60% 60% 20% 20% 0% 2000-2002 2014-2016 Other costs Taxes Interest Rents Labour Feedingstuffs Energy Plant/animal protection Fertilisers Seeds 0% 2000-2002 2014-2016 Non-agricultural secondary Agricultural services output Other subsidies Product subsidies Animal output Crop output Source: Eurostat. Updated: March 2017. 12
By category of product Exports Belgium 5.1. AGRICULTURAL TRADE Agricultural trade in 2016 Total trade Million EUR Trade with EU countries Trade with non-eu countries % change % change Million EUR 2016/2015 Million EUR 2016/2015 Commodities 6824.2 5540.8 7.3% 1283.4-5.5% Other primary products 9417.0 8633.8 1.1% 783.3 0.5% Processed products 5693.9 5087.5 6.0% 606.4 15.4% Food preparations 9797.6 8002.4 7.1% 1795.2 8.6% Beverages 2483.1 1785.4-0.4% 697.7 11.7% Non edible 3644.2 2780.0 0.1% 864.2-0.2% Total agricultural products 37860.0 31829.8 4.2% 6030.2 3.8% Imports as % of total exports 10.5% 12.2% - 6.1% - Commodities 9798.1 6768.0 2.1% 3030.1-0.2% Other primary products 8298.1 6039.7 11.9% 2258.4-2.3% Processed products 5010.7 4014.7 1.5% 996.0-14.5% Food preparations 4793.6 4394.2 9.9% 399.4 14.8% Beverages 1497.2 1425.9 3.7% 71.4 9.2% Non edible 2990.1 2116.8 4.8% 873.3-4.0% Total agricultural products 32387.8 24759.3 5.9% 7628.5-2.6% Balance as % of total imports 9.6% 11.6% - 6.2% - Commodities -2973.9-1227.2 - -1746.7 - Other primary products 1118.9 2594.0 - -1475.1 - Processed products 683.2 1072.8 - -389.6 - Food preparations 5004.0 3608.2-1395.8 - Beverages 985.9 359.5-626.4 - Non edible 654.1 663.2 - -9.1 - Total agricultural products 5472.2 7070.6 - -1598.3 - Source: Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development, based on COM EXT data. Updated: January 2017. 100% 90% 80% 70% 9% 6% 25% 14% 12% 9% 11% 6% 1% 5% 18% 13% 60% 50% 16% 30% 16% 30% 10% 24% 30% 27% 13% 20% 10% 17% 21% 27% 0% Exports to EU countries Exports to non-eu countries Imports from EU countries Imports from non-eu countries Commodities Other primary products Processed products Food preparations Beverages Non edible products 13
Imports Exports Belgium 5.2. AGRICULTURAL TRADE Evolution of agricultural trade with other EU countries Million EUR 40,000 7000 30,000 6000 20,000 5000 10,000 4000 0 3000 10,000 2000 20,000 1000 30,000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 0 Exports to EU-15 countries Exports to EU-N13 countries Imports from EU-15 countries Imports from EU-N13 countries Balance with EU-N13 countries (right axis) Balance with EU-15 countries (right axis) Exports of agricultural products Imports of agricultural products 100% 90% 3% 6% 100% 90% 2% 5% 80% 80% 70% 70% 60% 60% 50% 97% 94% 50% 98% 95% 30% 30% 20% 20% 10% 10% 0% 2006 2016 0% 2006 2016 to EU-15 countries to EU-N13 countries from EU-15 countries from EU-N13 countries Source: DG Agriculture and Rural Development, based on Eurostat data. Updated: January 2017. 14
6.1. FARM STRUCTURE Structure of agricultural holdings By UAA (*) By economic size (**) By LSU (***) By age of holder Total UAA in 1 000 ha Holdings UAA (ha) per holding (*) UAA = Utilised agricultural area. Total % Total % < 5 ha 13,700 26.6% 5,480 14.5% 5-10 ha 6,700 13.0% 4,980 13.2% 10-20 ha 8,310 16.1% 6,840 18.1% 20-30 ha 6,200 12.0% 4,930 13.1% 30-50 ha 8,110 15.7% 6,810 18.0% 50-100 ha 6,700 13.0% 6,530 17.3% > 100 ha 1,820 3.5% 2,190 5.8% < 4 000 4,110 8.0% 980 2.6% < 8 000 3,340 6.5% 1,640 4.3% < 15 000 4,230 8.2% 2,820 7.5% < 25 000 3,820 7.4% 2,740 7.3% < 50 000 5,590 10.8% 4,410 11.7% < 100 000 7,760 15.1% 5,090 13.5% < 250 000 14,840 28.8% 9,380 24.8% < 500 000 6,120 11.9% 6,540 17.3% =/> 500 000 1,730 3.4% 4,170 11.0% 0 13,060 25.3% 9,990 26.5% 0-5 5,140 10.0% 2,830 7.5% 5-10 2,950 5.7% 2,000 5.3% 10-15 2,110 4.1% 1,440 3.8% 15-20 1,600 3.1% 1,130 3.0% 20-50 6,450 12.5% 4,780 12.7% 50-100 8,140 15.8% 5,310 14.1% 100-500 11,210 21.8% 8,900 23.6% > 500 890 1.7% 1,370 3.6% < 35 years 3,750 7.3% 1,510 4.0% 35-44 years 12,480 24.2% 5,730 15.2% 45-54 years 13,520 26.2% 12,410 32.9% 55-64 years 11,310 21.9% 10,110 26.8% > 64 years 10,490 20.4% 8,000 21.2% Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey 2005 and 2013. Updated: January 2017. 2005 2013 51,540 100 37,760 100 1,386 1,308 26.9 34.6 (**) Economic size: The standard output of an agricultural product (crop or livestock), abbreviated as SO, is the average monetary value of the agricultural output at farm-gate price, in euro per hectare or per head of livestock. There is a regional SO coefficient for each product, as an average value over a reference period (5 years, except for the SO 2004 coefficient calculated using the average of 3 years). The sum of all the SO per hectare of crop and per head of livestock in a farm is a measure of its overall economic size, expressed in euro. (***) LSU = Livestock units. A LSU is equivalent to a dairy cow. The number of animals (heads) is converted into LSU using a set of coefficients reflecting the feed requirements of the different animal categories. 15
6.2. FARM STRUCTURE Structure of farm labour force Family labour force persons: 59,290 of which women: 35.0% AWUs (*): 40,220 AWUs: 16,510 Holders Family members 2013 Regular non family labour force persons: persons: persons: 32,730 26,560 15,550 of which women: of which women: of which women: 15.0% 59.5% 37.2% Non family labour force Non regular non family labour force AWUs: AWUs: AWUs: AWUs: 26,550 13,670 11,790 4,720 Total farm labour force (persons) Total farm labour force (AWUs) 74,830 56,730 Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey 2013. Updated: January 2017. * AWUs = Annual work units. An AWU is equivalent to a worker employed on a full time basis for one year. This document does not necessarily represent the official views of the European Commission European Union, 2017 - Reproduction authorised provided the source is acknowledged Contact: DG Agriculture and Rural Development, Farm Economics Unit Tel: +32-2-29 75471 / E-mail: Agri-C3@ec.europa.eu 16