Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada (GERD), and the Provinces

Catalogue no. 88-221-X Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada (GERD), and the Provinces National estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010

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Statistics Canada Investment, Science and Technology Division Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada (GERD), and the Provinces National estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Published by authority of the Minister responsible for Statistics Canada Minister of Industry, 2013 All rights reserved. Use of this publication is governed by the Statistics Canada Open License Agreement: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/reference/copyright-droit-auteur-eng.htm January 2013 Catalogue no. 88-221-X ISSN 1916-2561 Frequency: Annual Ottawa Cette publication est également disponible en français. Note of appreciation Canada owes the success of its statistical system to a long-standing partnership between Statistics Canada, the citizens of Canada, its businesses, s and other institutions. Accurate and timely statistical information could not be produced without their continued cooperation and goodwill.

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Table of contents Highlights 5 Analysis 6 Related products 9 Statistical tables 1 Gross domestic expenditures on and development 12 1-1 In current dollars, in 2002 constant dollars and as a percentage of gross domestic product 12 1-2 By performing sector and funding sector 13 2 statistics and their relationship to gross domestic expenditures on and development, 2010 14 3 distribution of the gross domestic expenditures on and development 15 4 distribution of gross domestic expenditures on and development 16 4-1 By performing sector, 2010 16 4-2 By funding sector, 2010 17 5 National gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences, Canada 18 6 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences 20 6-1 Newfoundland and Labrador 20 6-2 Prince Edward Island 21 6-3 Nova Scotia 22 6-4 New Brunswick 23 6-5 Quebec 24 6-6 Ontario 25 6-7 Manitoba 26 6-8 Saskatchewan 27 6-9 Alberta 28 6-10 British Columbia 29 6-11 Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut 30 7 National gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the natural sciences and engineering, Canada 31 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 3

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table of contents continued 8 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the natural sciences and engineering 33 8-1 Newfoundland and Labrador 33 8-2 Prince Edward Island 34 8-3 Nova Scotia 35 8-4 New Brunswick 36 8-5 Quebec 37 8-6 Ontario 38 8-7 Manitoba 39 8-8 Saskatchewan 40 8-9 Alberta 41 8-10 British Columbia 42 8-11 Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut 43 9 National gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the social sciences and humanities, Canada 44 10 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the social sciences and humanities 46 10-1 Newfoundland and Labrador 46 10-2 Prince Edward Island 47 10-3 Nova Scotia 48 10-4 New Brunswick 49 10-5 Quebec 50 10-6 Ontario 51 10-7 Manitoba 52 10-8 Saskatchewan 53 10-9 Alberta 54 10-10 British Columbia 55 10-11 Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut 56 Data quality, concepts and methodology How to read the gross domestic expenditures on and development (GERD) matrix 57 Data sources and methodology 59 Appendix I National Capital Region table 64 4 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

Highlights Gross domestic expenditures on and development (GERD), 2002 to 2010 Historical, 2011 and 2012 Intentions Gross domestic expenditures on and development (R&D) are anticipated to amount to $30.0 billion in 2012, a 0.3% increase from R&D expenditures for 2011. (Table 1-1) The 2012 R&D intentions show a gradual recovery from the most recent economic downturn. While total R&D spending intentions are below the $30.8 billion peak in 2008, they are just about 28% higher than the $23.5 billion spent in 2002. (Table 1-1) In 2012, business s expect to spend $15.5 billion on R&D, up 0.9% from the previous year, and 6.9% below the pre-recession peak. This anticipated expenditure accounts for 52% of total spending on R&D, down from 58% a decade earlier, illustrating this sector s reduced presence in R&D activities. (Table 1-2) The higher sector s R&D spending intentions are $11.5 billion, maintaining its position as the second largest R&D performing sector. Since 2002 R&D expenditures in this sector have increased almost 55%. (Table 1-2) The federal, the third largest performing sector, anticipates R&D spending at $2.5 billion, down 7.3% from 2011. This decline represents a return to more normal levels, due to the conclusion of federal stimulus spending. From 2002 to 2012, federal R&D expenditures on R&D show an increase of 13.0%. (Table 1-2) The remaining R&D performing sectors provincial s, provincial and private non-profit are expected to spend $547 million. This combined group s R&D expenditures are anticipated to increase 7.5% from 2011 and 58.6% from 2002. (Table 1-2) For R&D funding, in 2012 the business sector is expected to fund $14.1 billion, followed by the federal sector at $5.8 billion and the higher sector at $5.4 billion. Two of these three leading funding sectors anticipate increases of around 1.0 % over 2011 R&D funding levels while the federal sector anticipates a 3.1% decline. In comparison, provincial s expect their R&D funding to increase by 2.8% to $1.7 billion in 2012. (Table 1-2) Funding also includes the foreign sector, which is anticipated to provide $2.0 billion, up 1.8% from 2011. (Table 1-2) Canada s gross domestic expenditures on and development as a percentage of its gross domestic product for 2011 was 1.74. In 2010, Canada ranked fifth among the G8 countries. (Table 1-1) Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 5

Analysis Gross domestic expenditure on and development The 2012 release of gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) in Canada represents national expenditure intentions for 2011 and 2012 and historical data from 2002. and development (R&D) expenditures measure 2010 data and historical data from 2006. International comparisons Internationally, a country s gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) as a percentage of its gross domestic product (GDP) is considered an indicator of the country s degree of R&D intensity and is a commonly used summary statistic for international comparisons. However, this statistic should also be compared with GERD and GDP per capita values as it is influenced by a nation s economic and demographic structure, as well as its propensity to perform R&D in particular sectors. At 1.74, Canada s 2011 GERD as a percentage of GDP was at its lowest level of the past decade, in contrast with the high of 2.09 it attained in 2001. The lower value indicates that R&D investments in Canada diminished as a percentage of gross domestic product. In comparison Canada s GERD per capita for 2011 was $873 and for 2010 it was $886. (Table 1-1, and Table 2). The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development s (OECD) publishes international statistics on R&D in its Main Science and Technology Indicators. Their most recent online statistics displays comprehensive OECD country data for 2010. In that year, Israel continues as the OECD country with the largest GERD as a percentage of GDP at 4.40 followed by Finland at 3.88 and Korea at 3.74. In comparison, Canada s investments in R&D as a percentage of GDP in 2010 was 1.85 ranking lower than the United States reported 2.90 and the OECD average of 2.40. Among the G8 countries, Canada ranked fifth. 6 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Chart 1 Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP 20101 % 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Israel Finland Korea Sweden Japan Denmark Switzerland United States Germany Austria Iceland OECD France Australia Slovenia Belgium EU27 Notes(s): Or latest year. Sources(s): Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Main Science and Technology Indicators. Netherlands Canada Ireland United Kingdom Norway Estonia Luxembourg Portugal Czech Republic Spain New Zealand Italy Hungary Russian Federation Turkey Poland Slovak Republic Greece Chile Mexico GERD is often displayed as a matrix of performing and funding sectors. GERD is performance based meaning it is constructed by adding together the intramural expenditures on and development (R&D) as reported by the performing sectors. The funding sectors are derived based on the sources of funds reported by the performing sectors. data In 2012, business s expect to spend $15.5 billion on R&D, up 0.9% from the previous year, and 6.9% below the pre-recession peak. This anticipated expenditure accounts for 52% of total spending on R&D, down from 58% a decade earlier, illustrating this sector s reduced presence in R&D activities. (Table 1-2) The higher sector s R&D spending intentions are $11.5 billion, maintaining its position as the second largest R&D performing sector. Since 2002 R&D expenditures in this sector have increased almost 55%. (Table 1-2) The federal, the third largest performing sector, anticipates R&D spending at $2.5 billion, down 7.3% from 2011. This decline represents a return to more normal levels, due to the conclusion of federal stimulus spending. From 2002 to 2012, federal R&D expenditures on R&D show an increase of 13.0%. (Table 1-2) s and provincial are expected to spend $401 million, up 9.9% from 2011 and 42.2% higher than 2002. (Table 1-2) Private not profit are expected to increase their total R&D performance 1.4% to $146 million. (Table 1-2) Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 7

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 data In 2012 the business sector is expected to fund $14.1 billion, followed by the federal sector at $5.8 billion and the higher sector at $5.4 billion. Two of these three leading funding sectors anticipate increases of around 1.0 % over 2011 R&D funding levels while the federal sector anticipates a 3.1% decline. In comparison, provincial s expect their R&D funding to increase by 2.8% to $1.7 billion in 2012. (Table 1-2) The private non profit sector funding is anticipated to increase 1.0% to $1.1 billion in 2012. (Table 1-2) Funding also includes the foreign sector, which is anticipated to provide $2.0 billion, up 1.8% from 2011. (Table 1-2) Field of science Canada s GERD is separated into two fields of science: natural sciences and engineering, and social sciences and humanities. It should be noted that all R&D expenditures for the business sector, the largest performing R&D sector, are undertaken in the natural sciences and engineering field. As a result, most R&D expenditures occur in natural sciences and engineering. In 2012, total R&D expenditures in natural sciences and engineering is anticipated to increase 0.3% to $27.4 billion or 91% of total GERD. In comparison, R&D expenditures in the social sciences and humanities are anticipated to increase 0.2% to $2.7 billion (Table 7 and Table 9) Regional data Regional performing sector expenditures are assigned to the province or territory in which the performing establishment is located. Similarly, regional funding sector expenditures represent R&D funding distributed in a province or territory. The funds do not necessarily originate from within the province. Data on the provincial distribution of GERD spending are available to 2010. Ontario remains the province where most R&D takes place. In 2010, 45% of R&D activity occurred in Ontario, this is followed by Quebec with 26% and British Columbia with 10%. For the past 10 years business s have been the largest performing sector for Ontario, Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia. For all other provinces the largest performing sector has been higher. For the territories the federal sector is the largest performing sector in 2010. (Table 4-2 and CANSIM table 358-0001). In terms of funding, the largest sectors within some provinces shift between higher, federal and business. However, for Ontario, Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta and British Columbia the largest funding sector has been business s over the last decade. Similar to the performing sector, in the territories the federal is the largest funding sector in 2010. (Table 4-2 and CANSIM table 358-0001). 2010 GERD remained similar to 2009 levels or increased in all provinces with the exception of Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick and Alberta. Compared to the pre-recession peak, in 2010 there were six regions that had not recovered to 2008 GERD levels, these were: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Alberta and the territories. (Table 3) The private non profit (PNP) sector funding and performing data for R&D appear in the GERD national data. As of reference year 2000, R&D performance data are not distributed by province or territory. However, R&D funding data for the PNP sector are distributed by province and territory. In 2010 PNP funding in the provinces ranged from $5 million in Newfoundland and Labrador to $473 million in Ontario. PNP funding as a percentage of total funding available for each province was highest for Saskatchewan at 6.5% and lowest for Prince Edward Island with less than 1%. (Table 4-2). 8 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

Related products Selected publications from Statistics Canada 88-001-X 88-202-X 88-204-X 88F0006X Science Statistics Industrial Research and Development Intentions Scientific Activities Special Surveys and Technology Statistics Division Working Papers Selected CANSIM tables from Statistics Canada 358-0001 Gross domestic expenditures on and development, by science type and by funder and performer sector, annual 358-0024 and development (BERD) characteristics, by industry group based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual 358-0026 Intellectual property management, by federal departments and agencies indicators, annual 358-0142 expenditures on science and technology and its components in current dollars and 2002 constant dollars, annual 358-0143 expenditures on science and technology and its components, by type of science and performing sector, annual 358-0144 expenditures on science and technology and its components, by activity and performing sector, annual 358-0145 intramural expenditures on science and technology and its components, by type of science for the National Capital Region, annual 358-0146 personnel engaged in science and technology activities, by type of science and personnel category, annual 358-0147 personnel engaged in science and technology and its components, by type of science and personnel category, annual 358-0148 personnel engaged in science and technology and its components, by type of science, personnel category, Canada, provinces and territories, annual 358-0149 expenditures on science and technology and its components, by type of science, performing sector, Canada, provinces and territories, annual Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 9

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 358-0150 extramural expenditures on science and technology and its components, by type of science, performing sector, type of payment, Canada, provinces and territories, annual 358-0151 expenditures on science and technology and its components, by socio-economic objectives, annual 358-0163 expenditures on science and technology, by major departments and agencies 358-0164 extramural expenditures on science and technology, by performing sector and major departments and agencies 358-0165 personnel engaged in science and technological activities, by occupational category and major departments and agencies 358-0166 personnel engaged in science and technological activities, by major departments and agencies Selected surveys from Statistics Canada 4201 Research and Development in Canadian Industry 4204 Research and Development of Canadian Private Non-Profit Organizations 4208 Research Organizations 4212 Science Expenditures and Personnel, Activities in the Social Sciences and Natural Sciences 5109 Education Research and Development Estimates Selected summary tables from Statistics Canada Domestic spending on and development (GERD), performing sector, by province Domestic spending on and development (GERD) Research and development performed by the business sector Domestic spending on and development (GERD), funding sector, by province 10 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

Statistical tables

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 1-1 Gross domestic expenditures on and development In current dollars, in 2002 constant dollars and as a percentage of gross domestic product Current dollars Gross domestic expenditure on and development Gross domestic product 1 Gross domestic expenditure on and development as a percentage of Gross domestic product Gross domestic product implicit price index 2 2002 constant dollars, Gross domestic expenditure on and development 3 percent index=2002 2002 23,536 1,152,905 2.04 100.0 23,536 2003 24,690 1,213,175 2.04 103.3 23,901 2004 26,679 1,290,906 2.07 106.6 25,027 2005 28,022 1,373,845 2.04 110.1 25,429 2006 29,079 1,450,405 2.00 113.0 25,734 2007 30,032 1,529,589 1.96 116.7 25,734 2008 r 30,751 1,603,418 1.92 121.4 25,330 2009 r 29,660 1,528,985 1.94 119.1 24,904 2010 30,048 1,624,608 1.85 122.6 24,509 2011 p 29,950 1,720,748 1.74.... 2012 p 30,043........ 1. CANSIM, table 380-0017 2. CANSIM, table 384-0036 3. Gross domestic expenditure on and development data are deflated by the gross domestic product implicit price index. Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. 12 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 1-2 Gross domestic expenditures on and development By performing sector and funding sector s 1 Private non-profit Foreign 2002 2,190 282 13,545 7,455 63... 23,536 2003 2,083 278 14,094 8,143 92... 24,690 2004 2,084 290 15,144 9,058 103... 26,679 2005 2,414 303 15,638 9,518 149... 28,022 2006 2,496 332 16,474 9,625 152... 29,079 2007 2,532 392 16,756 10,187 164... 30,032 2008 r 2,599 402 16,644 10,926 179... 30,751 2009 r 2,762 385 15,569 10,818 126... 29,660 2010 3,007 360 15,116 11,429 135... 30,048 2011 p 2,669 365 15,358 11,414 144... 29,950 2012 p 2,475 401 15,493 11,528 146... 30,043 2002 4,251 1,152 12,117 3,462 628 1,925 23,536 2003 4,526 1,354 12,426 3,589 637 2,158 24,690 2004 4,651 1,370 13,388 4,147 735 2,389 26,679 2005 5,252 1,358 13,827 4,341 784 2,460 28,022 2006 5,226 1,467 14,874 4,435 827 2,252 29,079 2007 5,480 1,468 14,774 4,574 957 2,779 30,032 2008 r 5,706 1,553 15,213 5,054 1,015 2,211 30,751 2009 r 5,959 1,666 14,148 4,824 944 2,120 29,660 2010 6,462 1,704 13,674 5,150 1,068 1,990 30,048 2011 p 6,022 1,652 13,932 5,351 1,066 1,926 29,950 2012 p 5,838 1,697 14,067 5,404 1,077 1,960 30,043 1. Includes provincial councils and foundations. Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Quebec and Ontario figures include federal expenditures on and development performed in the National Capital Region. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Data for the National Capital Region (NCR) are now available in Appendix 1 at the end of this publication. Source(s): CANSIM, table 358-0001 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 13

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 2 statistics and their relationship to gross domestic expenditures on and development, 2010 Gross domestic product 1 Gross domestic expenditures on and development Population 2 Gross domestic expenditures on and development As a Per capita percentage of Gross domestic product millions of dollars percent millions of dollars percent thousands percent dollars Canada 3 1,624,608 100 30,048 100 33,916 100 1.85 886 Newfoundland and Labrador 28,192 2 260 1 511 2 0.92 508 Prince Edward Island 5,010 0 67 0 142 0 1.34 472 Nova Scotia 36,352 2 524 2 944 3 1.44 555 New Brunswick 29,448 2 293 1 751 2 0.99 390 Quebec 319,348 20 7,957 26 7,864 23 2.49 1,012 Ontario 612,494 38 13,645 45 13,137 39 2.23 1,039 Manitoba 54,257 3 678 2 1,227 4 1.25 553 Saskatchewan 63,557 4 597 2 1,037 3 0.94 576 Alberta 263,537 16 2,850 9 3,695 11 1.08 771 British Columbia 203,147 13 3,025 10 4,497 13 1.49 673 1. CANSIM, table 384-0002. 2. CANSIM, table 051-0005. 3. Includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Quebec and Ontario figures include federal expenditures on and development performed in the National Capital Region. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Data for the National Capital Region (NCR) are now available in Appendix 1 at the end of this publication. 14 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 3 distribution of the gross domestic expenditures on and development Canada 1 Newfoundland and Labrador Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Research and development 2002 23,536 153 31 400 211 6,728 11,394 454 435 1,715 1,949 2003 24,690 173 43 409 215 6,965 11,983 455 398 1,901 2,050 2004 26,679 173 41 447 227 7,244 12,956 518 425 2,262 2,263 2005 28,022 267 66 466 258 7,262 13,664 582 454 2,422 2,414 2006 29,079 264 69 502 273 7,904 13,825 562 473 2,599 2,432 2007 30,032 261 60 509 324 7,949 14,059 600 504 2,709 2,838 2008 r 30,751 259 66 526 320 8,088 14,193 588 542 3,017 2,948 2009 r 29,660 268 68 514 330 7,753 13,523 655 583 2,909 2,918 2010 30,048 260 67 524 293 7,957 13,645 678 597 2,850 3,025 2011 p 29,950.................... 2012 p 30,043.................... Gross domestic product 2002 1,152,905 16,457 3,701 27,082 21,169 241,448 477,763 36,559 34,343 150,594 138,193 2003 1,213,175 18,119 3,798 28,851 22,366 250,752 493,081 37,451 36,653 170,113 145,642 2004 1,290,906 19,407 3,983 29,853 23,672 262,761 516,106 39,748 40,796 189,743 157,675 2005 1,373,845 21,960 4,096 31,199 24,716 272,049 537,383 41,681 43,996 219,810 169,664 2006 1,450,405 26,064 4,315 31,644 25,847 282,505 560,576 45,173 45,604 238,886 182,251 2007 1,529,589 29,249 4,543 33,031 27,044 295,928 583,946 48,920 50,863 255,787 192,117 2008 r 1,603,418 30,785 4,687 34,519 27,499 304,479 587,055 51,575 65,649 288,700 199,441 2009 r 1,528,985 24,762 4,778 34,774 27,920 304,861 581,635 51,518 57,995 240,697 191,863 2010 1,624,608 28,192 5,010 36,352 29,448 319,348 612,494 54,257 63,557 263,537 203,147 2011 p...................... 2012 p...................... Canada total 2002 100.0 0.7 0.1 1.7 0.9 28.6 48.4 1.9 1.8 7.3 8.3 2003 100.0 0.7 0.2 1.7 0.9 28.2 48.5 1.8 1.6 7.7 8.3 2004 100.0 0.6 0.2 1.7 0.9 27.2 48.6 1.9 1.6 8.5 8.5 2005 100.0 1.0 0.2 1.7 0.9 25.9 48.8 2.1 1.6 8.6 8.6 2006 100.0 0.9 0.2 1.7 0.9 27.2 47.5 1.9 1.6 8.9 8.4 2007 100.0 0.9 0.2 1.7 1.1 26.5 46.8 2.0 1.7 9.0 9.4 2008 r 100.0 0.8 0.2 1.7 1.0 26.3 46.2 1.9 1.8 9.8 9.6 2009 r 100.0 0.9 0.2 1.7 1.1 26.1 45.6 2.2 2.0 9.8 9.8 2010 100.0 0.9 0.2 1.7 1.0 26.5 45.4 2.3 2.0 9.5 10.1 2011 p 100.0.................... 2012 p 100.0.................... Gross domestic product 2002 2.0 0.9 0.8 1.5 1.0 2.8 2.4 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.4 2003 2.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 2.8 2.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.4 2004 2.1 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.0 2.8 2.5 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.4 2005 2.0 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.0 2.7 2.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.4 2006 2.0 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.1 2.8 2.5 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3 2007 2.0 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.2 2.7 2.4 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.5 2008 r 1.9 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.2 2.7 2.4 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.5 2009 r 1.9 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.2 2.5 2.3 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.5 2010 1.8 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.0 2.5 2.2 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.5 2011 p...................... 2012 p...................... percent 1. Includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Quebec and Ontario figures include federal expenditures on and development performed in the National Capital Region. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Data for the National Capital Region (NCR) are now available in Appendix 1 at the end of this publication. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 15

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 4-1 distribution of gross domestic expenditures on and development By performing sector, 2010 Canada 1 Newfoundland and Labrador Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia All sectors 30,048 260 67 524 293 7,957 13,645 678 597 2,850 3,025 3,007 22 12 69 35 308 2,180 107 67 106 93 s 2 360 0 2 0 3 106 54 10 41 124 19 15,116 72 10 83 103 4,689 6,799 210 149 1,378 1,617 11,429 166 42 372 152 2,855 4,611 351 340 1,243 1,297 Private non-profit 135.................... Canada total as a percentage All sectors 100.0 0.9 0.2 1.7 1.0 26.5 45.4 2.3 2.0 9.5 10.1 100.0 0.7 0.4 2.3 1.2 10.2 72.5 3.6 2.2 3.5 3.1 s 2 100.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.8 29.4 15.0 2.8 11.4 34.4 5.3 100.0 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.7 31.0 45.0 1.4 1.0 9.1 10.7 100.0 1.5 0.4 3.3 1.3 25.0 40.3 3.1 3.0 10.9 11.3 Private non-profit 100.0.................... total as a percentage All sectors 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.0 8.5 17.9 13.2 11.9 3.9 16.0 15.8 11.2 3.7 3.1 s 2 1.2 0.0 3.0 0.0 1.0 1.3 0.4 1.5 6.9 4.4 0.6 50.3 27.7 14.9 15.8 35.2 58.9 49.8 31.0 25.0 48.4 53.5 38.0 63.8 62.7 71.0 51.9 35.9 33.8 51.8 57.0 43.6 42.9 Private non-profit 0.4.................... percent 1. Includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. 2. Includes provincial councils and foundations. Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Quebec and Ontario figures include federal expenditures on and development performed in the National Capital Region. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Data for the National Capital Region (NCR) are now available in Appendix 1 at the end of this publication. Source(s): CANSIM, table 358-0001. 16 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 4-2 distribution of gross domestic expenditures on and development By funding sector, 2010 Canada 1 Newfoundland and Labrador Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia All sectors 30,048 260 67 524 293 7,957 13,645 678 597 2,850 3,025 6,462 68 29 178 78 1,280 3,449 189 160 413 582 s 2 1,704 3 5 12 6 549 505 41 66 312 150 13,674 80 10 110 105 4,195 5,985 208 150 1,453 1,367 5,150 98 23 192 94 1,197 2,118 177 170 526 553 Private non-profit 1,068 5 0 s 24 9 236 473 17 39 99 128 Foreign 1,990 6 0 s 8 1 501 1,115 46 13 47 245 Canada total as a percentage All sectors 100.0 0.9 0.2 1.7 1.0 26.5 45.4 2.3 2.0 9.5 10.1 100.0 1.1 0.4 2.8 1.2 19.8 53.4 2.9 2.5 6.4 9.0 s 2 100.0 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.4 32.2 29.6 2.4 3.9 18.3 8.8 100.0 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.8 30.7 43.8 1.5 1.1 10.6 10.0 100.0 1.9 0.4 3.7 1.8 23.2 41.1 3.4 3.3 10.2 10.7 Private non-profit 100.0 0.5 0 s 2.2 0.8 22.1 44.3 1.6 3.7 9.3 12.0 Foreign 100.0 0.3 0 s 0.4 0.1 25.2 56.0 2.3 0.7 2.4 12.3 total as a percentage All sectors 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 21.5 26.2 43.3 34.0 26.6 16.1 25.3 27.9 26.8 14.5 19.2 s 2 5.7 1.2 7.5 2.3 2.0 6.9 3.7 6.0 11.1 10.9 5.0 45.5 30.8 14.9 21.0 35.8 52.7 43.9 30.7 25.1 51.0 45.2 17.1 37.7 34.3 36.6 32.1 15.0 15.5 26.1 28.5 18.5 18.3 Private non-profit 3.6 1.9 0 s 4.6 3.1 3.0 3.5 2.5 6.5 3.5 4.2 Foreign 6.6 2.3 0 s 1.5 0.3 6.3 8.2 6.8 2.2 1.6 8.1 percent 1. Includes the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. 2. Includes provincial councils and foundations. Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Quebec and Ontario figures include federal expenditures on and development performed in the National Capital Region. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Data for the National Capital Region (NCR) are now available in Appendix 1 at the end of this publication. Source(s): CANSIM, table 358-0001. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 17

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 5 National gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences, Canada s Private non-profit 2012 p sciences 2,475 348 53 15,493 11,528 146 30,043 2,400 0 3 406 3,002 27 5,838 s 4 348 15 172 1,079 62 1,681.. 16... 16 71.. 17 13,107 863 8 14,067.... 5,404. 5,404 Private non-profit.... 1,035 41 1,077 Foreign... 1 1,808 144 7 1,960 2011 p sciences 2,669 314 51 15,358 11,414 144 29,950 2,589 0 3 430 2,973 27 6,022 s 5 314 15 173 1,069 61 1,637.. 15... 15 75 0 16 12,979 854 8 13,932.... 5,351. 5,351 Private non-profit.... 1,025 41 1,066 Foreign... 1 1,776 143 7 1,926 2010 sciences 3,007 325 35 15,116 11,429 135 30,048 2,919 6 5 423 3,082 26 6,462 s 4 266 3 167 1,195 57 1,691.. 13... 13 83 53 13 12,684 833 8 13,674.... 5,150. 5,150 Private non-profit.... 1,029 38 1,068 Foreign... 1 1,842 141 7 1,990 2009 r sciences 2,762 352 33 15,569 10,818 126 29,660 2,684 1 2 313 2,932 27 5,959 s 5 304 12 152 1,144 44 1,661.. 5... 5 73 47 14 13,113 896 5 14,148.... 4,824. 4,824 Private non-profit.... 901 42 944 Foreign... 0 s 1,992 120 8 2,120 2008 r sciences 2,599 364 38 16,644 10,926 179 30,751 2,519 2 3 319 2,811 51 5,706 s 10 321 11 71 1,105 35 1,553.. 0... 0 71 40 22 14,173 892 14 15,213.... 5,054. 5,054 Private non-profit.... 949 65 1,015 Foreign... 1 2,082 114 14 2,211 2007 sciences 2,532 335 57 16,756 10,187 164 30,032 2,459 2 2 253 2,720 44 5,480 s 9 295 10 97 1,034 24 1,468.. 0... 0 64 38 44 13,744 870 13 14,774.... 4,574. 4,574 Private non-profit.... 890 67 957 Foreign... 1 2,663 99 16 2,779 18 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 5 continued National gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences, Canada s Private non-profit 2006 sciences 2,496 310 22 16,474 9,625 152 29,079 2,434 4 1 260 2,488 39 5,226 s 7 274 10 155 993 29 1,467.. 0 s... 0 s 55 33 10 13,947 808 21 14,874.... 4,435. 4,435 Private non-profit.... 776 51 827 Foreign... 0 s 2,113 126 13 2,252 2005 sciences 2,414 280 23 15,638 9,518 149 28,022 2,341 4 1 323 2,542 41 5,252 s 9 246 12 90 973 28 1,358.. 0 s... 0 s 64 30 10 12,899 803 21 13,827.... 4,341. 4,341 Private non-profit.... 742 42 784 Foreign... 0 s 2,327 116 17 2,460 2004 sciences 2,084 265 25 15,144 9,058 103 26,679 2,028 2 1 271 2,337 12 4,651 s 7 236 14 59 1,039 15 1,370.. 0 s... 0 s 49 26 10 12,535 755 13 13,388.... 4,147. 4,147 Private non-profit.... 685 50 735 Foreign... 0 s 2,280 96 13 2,389 2003 sciences 2,083 254 24 14,094 8,143 92 24,690 2,027 2 1 299 2,182 15 4,526 s 8 226 14 70 1,018 17 1,354.. 0 s... 0 s 48 25 9 11,651 679 14 12,426.... 3,589. 3,589 Private non-profit.... 599 38 637 Foreign... 0 s 2,073 76 8 2,158 2002 sciences 2,190 256 26 13,545 7,455 63 23,536 2,124 2 1 300 1,817 6 4,251 s 11 225 15 53 828 20 1,152.. 0 s... 0 s 55 29 9 11,370 643 12 12,117.... 3,462. 3,462 Private non-profit.... 604 24 628 Foreign... 1 1,822 101 1 1,925 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 19

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-1 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences Newfoundland and Labrador s 2010 sciences 22 0.. 72 166 260 22.. 11 35 68 s 0 s 0. 1 3 3....... 0 s.. 54 25 80.... 98 98 Private non-profit.... 5 5 Foreign... 6 0 6 2009 sciences 25 0.. 91 152 268 24.. 8 34 67 s 0 s 0. 1 4 6....... 1.. 70 23 94.... 85 85 Private non-profit.... 5 5 Foreign... 11 1 12 2008 sciences 19 5.. 90 146 259 19.. 4 36 59 s 0 s 5. 0 s 8 13....... 0 s.. 73 17 91.... 77 77 Private non-profit.... 6 6 Foreign... 12 1 13 2007 sciences 28 5.. 89 140 261 27.. 8 46 81 s 0 s 5. 0 s 6 11....... 1.. 75 12 87.... 71 71 Private non-profit.... 5 5 Foreign... 6 1 6 2006 sciences 27 4.. 101 132 264 27.. 8 40 75 s 0 s 4. 0 s 2 7....... 1.. 89 15 105.... 68 68 Private non-profit.... 3 3 Foreign... 3 4 7 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. 20 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-2 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences Prince Edward Island s 2010 sciences 12 2.. 10 42 67 12... 2 15 29 s 0 s 3. 0 s 3 5....... 0 s... 8 1 10.... 23 23 Private non-profit.... 0 s 0 s Foreign... 0 s. 0 s 2009 sciences 15.... 11 41 68 15... 2 13 30 s 0 s... 0 s 1 1....... 0 s... 9 1 10.... 24 24 Private non-profit.... 1 1 Foreign... 0 s. 0 s 2008 sciences 14.... 15 37 66 13... 0 s 12 25 s 0 s... 0 s 1 2....... 0 s... 14 2 15.... 22 22 Private non-profit.... 1 1 Foreign... 1. 1 2007 sciences 13.... 13 34 60 13... 1 12 26 s 0 s... 0 s 2 2....... 0 s... 12 1 14.... 19 19 Private non-profit.... 0 0 Foreign... 0 s. 0 s 2006 sciences 26.... 12 31 69 25... 1 9 35 s 0 s... 0 s 2 2....... 0 s... 11 1 12.... 18 18 Private non-profit.... 2 2 Foreign... 0 s. 0 s Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 21

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-3 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences Nova Scotia s 2010 sciences 69 0.. 83 372 524 68... 5 105 178 s 0 0.. 2 10 12........ 1... 69 40 110.... 192 192 Private non-profit.... 24 24 Foreign.... 7 1 8 2009 sciences 67 0.. 104 343 514 66... 6 95 167 s 0 0.. 2 8 10........ 1... 88 33 122.... 185 185 Private non-profit.... 22 22 Foreign.... 9 1 9 2008 sciences 77 0.. 105 343 526 76... 2 93 172 s 0 0.. 1 8 9........ 1... 85 37 123.... 179 179 Private non-profit.... 25 25 Foreign.... 18 0 s 18 2007 sciences 77.... 106 327 509 75... 2 81 159 s 0 s.... 0 s 7 8........ 1... 84 39 125.... 170 170 Private non-profit.... 29 29 Foreign.... 18 0 s 18 2006 sciences 73 6.. 106 317 502 72... 3 82 158 s 0 s 6.. 1 5 12........ 1... 81 35 117.... 171 171 Private non-profit.... 22 22 Foreign.... 22 1 22 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. 22 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-4 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences New Brunswick s 2010 sciences 35 0 3 103 152 293 34. 0 s 5 38 78 s 0 s 0 0 s 0 s 6 6....... 1. 2 97 6 105.... 94 94 Private non-profit.... 9 9 Foreign... 1 0 s 1 2009 sciences 37 11 2 122 158 330 36. 0 s 5 44 84 s 0 s 11 0 s 1 5 17....... 1. 2 116 9 128.... 96 96 Private non-profit.... 2 2 Foreign... 2 2 4 2008 sciences 36 11 2 121 150 320 35. 0 s 1 37 74 s 0 s 11 0 s 0 s 5 17....... 1. 1 117 4 124.... 91 91 Private non-profit.... 10 10 Foreign... 1 3 5 2007 sciences 46 10 2 122 144 324 45. 0 s 5 35 86 s 0 s 10 0 s 0 s 7 17....... 1. 2 114 6 123.... 87 87 Private non-profit.... 9 9 Foreign... 2 0 s 2 2006 sciences 30 2 2 104 135 273 29. 0 s 2 34 65 s 0 s 2 0 s 0 s 5 8....... 1. 1 99 5 105.... 84 84 Private non-profit.... 7 7 Foreign... 3 0 s 4 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 23

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-5 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences Quebec s 2010 sciences 308 95 11 4,689 2,855 7,957 295. 0 s 191 794 1,280 s 1 95 8 71 374 549.. 0.. 0 11 0 3 3,946 235 4,195.... 1,197 1,197 Private non-profit.... 236 236 Foreign.. 0 s 481 20 501 2009 r sciences 367 88 11 4,666 2,622 7,753 354. 0 s 114 783 1,251 s 1 88 8 81 351 530.. 0.. 0 12 0 3 3,950 220 4,184.... 1,018 1,018 Private non-profit.... 228 228 Foreign.. 0 s 521 22 543 2008 sciences 413 87 8 4,794 2,786 8,088 399. 0 s 178 740 1,317 s 2 87 5 35 248 377.. 0.. 0 12 0 3 4,033 253 4,300.... 1,284 1,284 Private non-profit.... 239 239 Foreign.. 0 s 548 23 572 2007 sciences 368 81 9 4,881 2,610 7,949 357. 0 s 103 772 1,232 s 1 81 4 40 255 381.. 0.. 0 10 0 4 3,952 224 4,190.... 1,155 1,155 Private non-profit.... 185 185 Foreign.. 0 s 785 19 804 2006 sciences 449 76 8 4,830 2,541 7,904 441. 0 s 98 678 1,217 s 1 76 5 88 229 399.. 0.. 0 8 0 2 4,149 227 4,386.... 1,200 1,200 Private non-profit.... 179 179 Foreign.. 0 s 494 28 521 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Quebec and Ontario figures include federal expenditures on and development performed in the National Capital Region. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Data for the National Capital Region (NCR) are now available in Appendix 1 at the end of this publication. 24 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-6 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences Ontario s 2010 sciences 2,180 54 0 6,799 4,611 13,645 2,113 0 0 101 1,235 3,449 s 6 54 0 56 389 505........ 61 0 0 5,587 337 5,985.... 2,118 2,118 Private non-profit.... 473 473 Foreign.... 1,055 60 1,115 2009 r sciences 1,839 51 0 7,099 4,534 13,523 1,782 0 0 122 1,156 3,060 s 6 51 0 34 359 450........ 51 0 0 5,822 443 6,316.... 2,109 2,109 Private non-profit.... 406 406 Foreign.... 1,121 61 1,182 2008 sciences 1,668 62 0 7,883 4,580 14,193 1,615 0 0 90 1,091 2,796 s 7 62 0 9 398 476........ 46 0 0 6,687 413 7,145.... 2,199 2,199 Private non-profit.... 425 425 Foreign.... 1,097 54 1,151 2007 sciences 1,624 57.. 8,065 4,314 14,059 1,572 0.. 85 1,093 2,751 s 6 57.. 18 351 431........ 45 0.. 6,627 432 7,104.... 1,983 1,983 Private non-profit.... 399 399 Foreign.... 1,334 56 1,390 2006 sciences 1,514 70.. 8,153 4,088 13,825 1,470 0.. 97 1,003 2,571 s 5 70.. 48 421 544........ 39 0.. 6,856 373 7,269.... 1,864 1,864 Private non-profit.... 357 357 Foreign.... 1,152 69 1,221 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Quebec and Ontario figures include federal expenditures on and development performed in the National Capital Region. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Data for the National Capital Region (NCR) are now available in Appendix 1 at the end of this publication. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 25

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-7 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences Manitoba s 2010 sciences 107 10.. 210 351 678 106.. 3 79 189 s 0 s 10.. 1 30 41........ 1... 177 29 208.... 177 177 Private non-profit.... 17 17 Foreign... 28 18 46 2009 sciences 112 8 0 207 327 655 111.. 1 82 194 s 0 s 8 0 1 24 33.. 0.. 0 1... 190 16 207.... 164 164 Private non-profit.... 33 33 Foreign... 15 9 24 2008 sciences 85 10 0 182 312 588 84.. 5 73 161 s 0 s 10 0 0 s 18 28.. 0.. 0 1... 163 15 180.... 149 149 Private non-profit.... 53 53 Foreign... 13 4 17 2007 sciences 85 6 0 207 302 600 84.. 2 77 163 s 0 s 6 0 1 19 26.. 0.. 0 1... 180 20 201.... 142 142 Private non-profit.... 37 37 Foreign... 25 7 32 2006 sciences 81 6 0 188 287 562 80.. 1 70 150 s 0 s 6 0 1 19 26.. 0.. 0 1... 173 21 194.... 136 136 Private non-profit.... 38 38 Foreign... 14 4 18 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. 26 Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X

estimates 2002 to 2012 / estimates 2006 to 2010 Table 6-8 gross domestic expenditures on and development, in the total sciences Saskatchewan s 2010 sciences 67 22 19 149 340 597 65. 5 3 87 160 s 0 s 22 1 4 34 61.. 5.. 5 2. 8 130 10 150.... 170 170 Private non-profit.... 38 39 Foreign.. 0 s 12 1 13 2009 r sciences 72 31 18 152 310 583 70. 1 7 102 179 s 0 s 31 3 4 33 71.. 5.. 5 2. 9 135 10 157.... 150 150 Private non-profit.... 14 14 Foreign.. 0 s 6 1 7 2008 r sciences 64 5 12 146 315 542 62. 0 s 2 87 152 s 0 s 5 4 1 45 55.. 0.. 0 2. 7 139 16 164.... 146 146 Private non-profit.... 20 20 Foreign.. 0 s 3 1 5 2007 sciences 63 5 11 194 230 504 62. 0 s 6 68 135 s 0 s 6 4 2 22 33.. 0.. 0 1. 7 168 10 186.... 117 117 Private non-profit.... 13 13 Foreign.. 0 s 19 1 20 2006 sciences 67 4 12 174 216 473 66. 1 4 53 123 s 0 s 4 4 1 29 38.. 0.. 0 1. 6 154 8 170.... 114 114 Private non-profit.... 12 12 Foreign.. 0 s 15 1 16 Note(s): Components may not add to totals due to rounding. The private non-profit (PNP) sector appears in both the performing and funding sector for the gross domestic expenditure on and development (GERD) for Canada. Commencing with reference year 2000 the data for the private non-profit sector sector include the PNP sector. The data for the private non-profit sector funding and development continue to be distributed by provinces and territories. The provincial and territorial distribution by sources of funds of the business sector R&D expenditures is derived through a modeling system, which prorates values based on reported business provincial and territorial R&D. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 88-221-X 27