Rating Action: Moody's assigns A2 ratings to SAP SE; stable outlook

Similar documents
Rating Action: Moody's changes Metso Corporation's outlook to stable; affirms Baa2 ratings Global Credit Research - 30 Oct 2014

business cultures. LIQUIDITY PROFILE Moody's considers Lafarge's liquidity profile on a stand-alone basis to be good for the next 12 months, largely

New Issue: Moody's assigns MIG 1 to Oakland City's (CA) TRAN

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Santander Consumer Finance's deposit ratings to Baa1; maintains stable outlook

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Dell's CFR to Ba2; outlook stable

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades Lowe's unsecured ratings to Baa1; P-2 commercial paper rating affirmed 12 Dec 2018

Global Credit Research - 06 Mar 2014

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades ratings of 15 European covered bonds following methodology update

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades SURA Asset Management to Baa1; outlook stable

Rating Action: Moody's affirms JAB Holding's Baa1 Issuer rating; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 30 Jan 2018

Rating Action: Moody's assigns A3 issuer rating to Nidec Corporation; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 31 Jan 2018

Rating Action: Moody's affirms Hera's Baa1 rating; negative outlook Global Credit Research - 03 Dec 2013

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades ArcelorMittal's ratings to Ba2; negative outlook Global Credit Research - 12 Nov 2015

CIMIC GROUP UPGRADED TO Baa2, OUTLOOK STABLE, BY MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades AES Chivor's ratings to Baa3 from Ba1; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 30 May 2014

Rating Action: Moody's changes LafargeHolcim's outlook to negative and affirms Baa2 rating Global Credit Research - 28 Apr 2016

Rating Action: Moody's changes Hella's outlook to positive; affirms ratings Global Credit Research - 31 Aug 2017

Rating Action: Moody's changes rating outlook for Black Sea Trade and Development Bank to stable from negative Global Credit Research - 30 Sep 2016

MooDY's. Regulatory Disclosures. Page 1 of5 INVESTORS SERVICE. Identifier: MDY:

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Stora Enso to Baa3; stable outlook 01 Nov 2018

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades Bharti's senior unsecured notes to Ba1 and assigns a Ba1 CFR; outlook negative 05 Feb 2019

For personal use only

Rating Action: Moody's assigns (P)B2 ratings to CMF S.p.A's (Manutencoop) proposed Senior Secured Notes

Special Tax: Transportation-Related

Rating Action: Moody's assigns provisional (P)Aaa to Belfius Bank's public sector covered bonds

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades NORD/LB's Fuerstenberg preference shares to Caa1(hyb) Global Credit Research - 18 Apr 2018

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Aa3 to West Virginia SBA's $44.4M Capital Improvement Ref. Rev. Bonds, Ser Global Credit Research - 08 Sep 2017

OECD Workshop on Data Collection

Rating Action: Moody's assigns first-time A3 issuer rating to Midea Group Global Credit Research - 18 Nov 2015

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Counterparty Risk Ratings to three Sri Lankan banks 18 Jun 2018

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Kommunalkredit Austria AG's public-sector covered bonds Global Credit Research - 25 Jul 2017

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades BAWAG's ratings to A2; outlook positive

Announcement: Moody's confirms Aaa ratings assigned to Erste Group Bank mortgage and public-sector covered bonds

Policy for Designating and Assigning Unsolicited Credit Ratings

Rating Action: Moody's affirms Aaa IFS rating of New York Life; stable outlook Global Credit Research - 27 Jul 2017

Rating Action: Moody's Upgrades the City of Sacramento, CA's Lease Revenue Bonds to A1; Confirms Ser and Ser. 1993A at A2; outlook is stable

Rating Action: Moody's reviews Depfa ACS Bank's public sector covered bonds for downgrade Global Credit Research - 14 Sep 2016

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Peruvian banks

Policy for Designating and Assigning Unsolicited Credit Ratings in the European Union

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Aa3/Prime-1 issuer ratings to the Departement de L'Eure; stable outlook Global Credit Research - 07 Apr 2016

Rating Action: Moody's affirms MGCCT's Baa1 ratings on acquisition announcement; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 02 Apr 2018

Rating Action: Moody's affirms Baa3 senior unsecured debt ratings of ICICI Bank's Bahrain branch Global Credit Research - 17 Aug 2017

Rating Action: Moody's confirms KOKS's B3 rating; negative outlook Global Credit Research - 24 Oct 2016

Rating Action: Moody's affirms Berner Kantonalbank's Aa1 deposit and A1 senior unsecured debt ratings

New Issue: Moody's assigns Aaa to Bronxville NY's $5.2M GO Bonds

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Counterparty Risk Rating to FCA Bank

Rating Action: Moody's affirms Intrum Justitia's Ba2 corporate family rating; outlook changed to stable Global Credit Research - 19 Apr 2018

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades the ratings of Philippine National Bank and Rizal Commercial Bank Global Credit Research - 23 Nov 2017

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades Coty's CFR to Ba3; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 20 Mar 2018

Rating Action: Moody's assigns B3 CFR to Fire (BC) S.p.A, B3 to EUR410m FRNs 18 Sep 2018

State Outlook: Debt Affordability. NCSL Conference Gail Sussman, Managing Director

Rating Action: Moody's affirms long-term ratings of Credit Agricole S.A. and CACIB at A2

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades Coty's CFR to B1; outlook negative 26 Nov 2018

Rating Action: Moody's affirms Aa1 issuer and bond ratings of the International Finance Facility for Immunisation (IFFIm) with a stable outlook

Rating Action: Moody's affirms 22 German banks' senior unsecured debt ratings; changes 16 outlooks to negative

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Lufthansa to Baa3; stable outlook Global Credit Research - 24 Aug 2017

Rating Action: Moody's Changes Sparebanken Vest's Rating Outlook to Stable From Negative

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Baa3 rating to Milione S.p.A.; stable outlook 17 Dec 2018

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades MS Amlin's IFS ratings to A1; stable outlook Global Credit Research - 08 Aug 2017

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades Suriname's issuer rating to B2 negative; concluding rating review Global Credit Research - 20 Feb 2018

Rating Action: Moody's reviews NORD/LB Luxembourg S.A. - Public-Sector Covered Bonds, direction uncertain 19 Dec 2018

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Counterparty Risk Ratings to 14 Austrian banks

Rating Action: Moody's changes outlook on ArcelorMittal's Ba1 CFR to positive from stable; affirms ratings Global Credit Research - 07 Dec 2017

Rating Action: Moody's takes rating actions on Irish mortgage covered bonds Global Credit Research - 26 Sep 2016

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades several Irish mortgage covered bond ratings; actions conclude review

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades mortgage covered bonds issued by AIB Mortgage Bank and EBS Mortgage Finance Global Credit Research - 29 Nov 2016

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades South Carolina Public Service Authority revenue bonds; rating outlook negative

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades DVB Bank's debt to Aa3 from Baa1 and deposits to Aa1 from A2

Rating Action: Moody's assigns B1 CFR to Pro-Gest; stable outlook

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades deposit ratings of Landesbank Berlin and Berlin Hyp to Aa2, changes outlook to stable

Rating Action: Moody's affirms the Baa2 financial strength rating on VIVAT NV's operating subsidiaries. Outlook remains stable

Rating Action: Moody's assigns A2 to 2016B & C Senior Bonds of Central Florida Expressway Auth. (CFX), FL; Outlook positive

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Yanlord to Ba2; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 25 Apr 2017

Rating Action: Moody's announces rating actions on student loan ABS backed by FFELP student loans following the update of its rating methodology

Rating Action: Moody's changes Officine Maccaferri's rating outlook to stable; all ratings affirmed Global Credit Research - 18 Apr 2018

Rating Action: Moody's assigns (P)Ba2 ratings to Intrum Justitia AB; outlook positive Global Credit Research - 12 Jun 2017

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades the ratings of MBIA group: National Public Finance Guarantee to A3 Global Credit Research - 21 May 2014

New Issue: Moody's revises Pittsburgh PA's outlook to positive; affirms A1

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Caa3 Issuer Rating to US Virgin Islands; lowers ratings on four liens of Matching Fund Revenue Bonds

Rating Action: Moody's assigns B2 CFR to Bormioli Pharma; stable outlook

Rating Action: Moody's changes Colonial's outlook to negative from stable following tender offer for Axiare Global Credit Research - 14 Nov 2017

Snohomish County Public Utility District 1

Rating Action: Moody's assigns A1 to UConn GO bonds supported by State of Connecticut; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 29 Mar 2018

New Issue: Moody's assigns an underlying Aa1 rating to Alpine School District, UT's G.O. bonds

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Dufry's ratings to Ba2 from Ba3; outlook stable Global Credit Research - 15 May 2017

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Blue Racer's senior notes to B2, rates new notes

Rating Action: Moody's affirms Mauritius's Baa1 rating, maintains stable outlook Global Credit Research - 27 Mar 2018

Rating Action: Moody's assigns Aa3 to Trinity Health Credit Group's (MI) Ser bonds; outlook revised to stable

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades senior unsecured debt instruments of 14 German banks following change in bank insolvency law

Rating Action: Moody's takes rating actions on 12 Ukrainian banks and one leasing company

Rating Action: Moody's assigns an A1 insurance financial strength rating to CNP Assurances with a stable outlook 06 Jun 2018

Rating Action: Moody's confirms RWE's Baa3/Ba2 ratings, stable outlook 17 May 2018

Rating Action: Moody's upgrade Equinor's rating to Aa2 and BCA to a1; stable outlook 09 Aug 2018

Rating Action: Moody's upgrades Swedbank and Swedbank Mortgage to A1; P-1 ratings affirmed Global Credit Research - 04 Jun 2013

Rating Action: Moody's reviews covered bonds issued by Hypo NOE, Hypo Tirol and Heta AR for upgrade Global Credit Research - 25 May 2016

Rating Action: Moody's changes outlook of Central Bank of India and Indian Overseas Bank to positive from stable

Rating Action: Moody's changes the outlook on FCA Bank's senior debt rating to positive from stable

Rating Action: Moody's changes outlook on Bank Zachodni WBK S.A.'s ratings to positive Global Credit Research - 29 Jan 2018

Policy on the "SEC Rule 17g-7 of Representation and Warranties" (R&Ws)

Rating Action: Moody's downgrades ENGIE to A2; stable outlook Global Credit Research - 27 Apr 2016

Transcription:

Rating Action: Moody's assigns A2 ratings to SAP SE; stable outlook Global Credit Research - 19 Sep 2014 First-time rating Frankfurt am Main, September 19, 2014 -- Moody's Investors Service, ("Moody's") has today assigned first-time A2 long-term and Prime-1 short-term issuer ratings to SAP SE (SAP). The outlook on the ratings is stable. "The assigned A2/P-1 ratings balance our assessment of SAP's robust business profile and resulting strong and stable operating margins and cash flow generation against the challenges thrown up by rapid technological changes, such as the growing cloud business and rising competition," says Falk Frey, a Moody's Senior Vice President and lead analyst for SAP. "They also assume its continued reliance on the high loyalty rate of its diversified customer base, which makes the company's revenues and cash flows stable and predictable." The rating also takes into account the anticipated debt-financed acquisition of Concur Technologies, Inc. (Concur), which was announced on 18 September 2014. RATINGS RATIONALE SAP's A2/P-1 ratings are supported by the company's (1) market-leading positions in the Enterprise Software market, which Moody's anticipates will be the fastest growing of all IT market segments with 2013-17 compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of more than 8%, according to market research institutes; (2) high proportion of predictable and highly profitable revenues from support and cloud subscriptions, which represented 56% of SAP's total revenues in 2013; (3) well-diversified customer base across geographies and end markets; (4) financial resilience in the 2008-09 downturn, in which it demonstrated the ability to quickly adapt its cost structure to market changes; (5) Software and Software Related Services revenues which exhibit a track record of strong double-digit organic growth over the 2004-13 period; and (6) solid liquidity position, which Moody's expects will be maintained following financing of the announced transaction. SAP's cash position of more than 3.1 billion as of 30 June 2014 together with an unused 2.0 billon syndicated facility and a strong and stable free cash flow generation (approx 2-2.5 billion) are the backbone of the company's liquidity sources. The ratings are constraint by (1) a track record of debt-financed growth, although SAP has rapidly integrated and reduced this leverage to comfortable levels; and (2) uncertainty about the impact on profitability levels and customer loyalty from its recent move into the cloud business. It remains unclear yet as to what extent the current strong growth in the cloud business and shift from on-premise business into the cloud impacts long-term profit margins and customer loyalty rates. On 18 September 2014, SAP made an offer to acquire Concur, a leading provider of integrated travel and expense management solutions, by using a credit facility of up to 7.0 billion, which covers the purchase price, target debt refinancing, and related transaction costs. Although this marks SAP's largest acquisition to date and is already incorporated within the A2 rating, it will limit the company's ability for further sizeable debt-financed acquisitions over the next two to three years. Moody's anticipates that SAP will apply annual free cash flows to the repayment of the debt associated with the Concur acquisition. The rating agency also expects that SAP will be able to smoothly integrate Concur into its organisational and business network. Liquidity Profile As of the first half of 2014, on balance sheet cash and cash equivalents amounted to 3.1 billion, of which Moody's assumes a smaller amount will not be readily available (i.e., located in countries like China, India, etc.). This freely available cash makes up SAP's major source of liquidity together with its undrawn 2.0 billion syndicated facility due November 2018, which is without conditional language (i.e., no covenants, no material adverse change (MAC) clause). Moody's expects that SAP's gross cash flow generation will exceed 4.0 billion over the next 12 months. Major cash needs during this period consist of annual dividend payouts of more than 1.0 billion, capital expenditures of slightly below 1.0 billion, working cash needs of around 3% of revenues ( 0.5 billion) (as calculated by Moody's), debt maturities of 0.5 billion within the next four quarters, as well as working capital swings that follow a pattern of

strong cash inflow in the first quarter of the year. These swings come on the back of cash inflows (around 2.0 billion) from customer payments in the first quarter of the year followed by a working capital build-up in the next three quarters. As financing of the expected Concur acquisition has already been arranged, Moody's does not anticipate any substantial deterioration in SAP's liquidity profile following the closure of the transaction. RATIONAL FOR STABLE OUTLOOK The stable outlook reflects Moody's expectation that SAP will be able to generate revenue growth in the mid-tohigh single digits over the next 12 to 18 months. Even in an economic downturn, the rating agency expects that SAP will continue, as it did in the previous recession, to generate substantial operating profits and cash flows due to its stable revenue model, which is supported by high maintenance renewal rates. While some level of ongoing M&A activity and share repurchase for the employee stock programme is accommodated within the A2 rating, one or more multi-billion euro transactions could substantially limit the headroom under the current rating positioning or even pressure current ratings. SAP's strategy to rapidly grow in the cloud business marks a substantial M&A risk and could go beyond the limits of the current rating category, depending on the scope of acquisitions. WHAT COULD CHANGE THE RATINGS DOWN/UP SAP's ratings could be lowered in the event of (1) a more aggressive financial policy that results in sustained higher financial leverage (i.e., Moody's adjusted debt/ebitda) above 2.0x; (2) a deterioration of free cash flow/debt to below 30% or a drop in operating margin to below the low 20% range for a prolonged period of time, as a result of acquisitions combined with weakened core business performance; and (3) a significant and sustained decline in new license sales and maintenance contract renewals. Weak business execution, which includes the integration of any acquisition that is materially disruptive to SAP's overall performance, could also pressure ratings as well as material erosion in the company's liquidity profile. The ratings could face upward pressure if SAP continues to grow revenues, profits and free cash flow, as evidenced by a debt/ebitda leverage sustainably around 1.0x and operating profit margins over 30%. Significant upward pressure would also be generated if the company were able to broaden its business by successfully expanding the cloud business without compromising the strength of its overall business profile. PRINCIPAL METHODOLOGY The principal methodology used in this rating was Global Software Industry published in October 2012. Please see the Credit Policy page on www.moodys.com for a copy of this methodology. Headquartered in Walldorf, Germany, SAP is a leading software company specialized in Enterprise software and related service offerings. In 2013, the company generated 16.8 billion of sales and operating profit of 4.5 billion. REGULATORY DISCLOSURES For ratings issued on a program, series or category/class of debt, this announcement provides certain regulatory disclosures in relation to each rating of a subsequently issued bond or note of the same series or category/class of debt or pursuant to a program for which the ratings are derived exclusively from existing ratings in accordance with Moody's rating practices. For ratings issued on a support provider, this announcement provides certain regulatory disclosures in relation to the rating action on the support provider and in relation to each particular rating action for securities that derive their credit ratings from the support provider's credit rating. For provisional ratings, this announcement provides certain regulatory disclosures in relation to the provisional rating assigned, and in relation to a definitive rating that may be assigned subsequent to the final issuance of the debt, in each case where the transaction structure and terms have not changed prior to the assignment of the definitive rating in a manner that would have affected the rating. For further information please see the ratings tab on the issuer/entity page for the respective issuer on www.moodys.com. For any affected securities or rated entities receiving direct credit support from the primary entity(ies) of this rating action, and whose ratings may change as a result of this rating action, the associated regulatory disclosures will be those of the guarantor entity. Exceptions to this approach exist for the following disclosures, if applicable to jurisdiction: Ancillary Services, Disclosure to rated entity, Disclosure from rated entity. Regulatory disclosures contained in this press release apply to the credit rating and, if applicable, the related rating outlook or rating review.

Please see www.moodys.com for any updates on changes to the lead rating analyst and to the Moody's legal entity that has issued the rating. Please see the ratings tab on the issuer/entity page on www.moodys.com for additional regulatory disclosures for each credit rating. Falk Frey Senior Vice President Corporate Finance Group Moody's Deutschland GmbH An der Welle 5 Frankfurt am Main 60322 Germany Matthias Hellstern Managing Director Corporate Finance Group Releasing Office: Moody's Deutschland GmbH An der Welle 5 Frankfurt am Main 60322 Germany 2014 Moody's Corporation, Moody's Investors Service, Inc., Moody's Analytics, Inc. and/or their licensors and affiliates (collectively, "MOODY'S"). All rights reserved. CREDIT RATINGS ISSUED BY MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. ("MIS") AND ITS AFFILIATES ARE MOODY'S CURRENT OPINIONS OF THE RELATIVE FUTURE CREDIT RISK OF ENTITIES, CREDIT COMMITMENTS, OR DEBT OR DEBT-LIKE SECURITIES, AND CREDIT RATINGS AND RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS PUBLISHED BY MOODY'S ("MOODY'S PUBLICATION") MAY INCLUDE MOODY'S CURRENT OPINIONS OF THE RELATIVE FUTURE CREDIT RISK OF ENTITIES, CREDIT COMMITMENTS, OR DEBT OR DEBT-LIKE SECURITIES. MOODY'S DEFINES CREDIT RISK AS THE RISK THAT AN ENTITY MAY NOT MEET ITS CONTRACTUAL, FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS AS THEY COME DUE AND ANY ESTIMATED FINANCIAL LOSS IN THE EVENT OF DEFAULT. CREDIT RATINGS DO NOT ADDRESS ANY OTHER RISK, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO: LIQUIDITY RISK, MARKET VALUE RISK, OR PRICE VOLATILITY. CREDIT RATINGS AND MOODY'S OPINIONS INCLUDED IN MOODY'S PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT STATEMENTS OF CURRENT OR HISTORICAL FACT. MOODY'S PUBLICATIONS MAY ALSO INCLUDE QUANTITATIVE MODEL-BASED ESTIMATES OF CREDIT RISK AND RELATED OPINIONS OR COMMENTARY PUBLISHED BY MOODY'S ANALYTICS, INC. CREDIT RATINGS AND MOODY'S PUBLICATIONS DO NOT CONSTITUTE OR PROVIDE INVESTMENT OR FINANCIAL ADVICE, AND CREDIT RATINGS AND MOODY'S PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AND DO NOT PROVIDE RECOMMENDATIONS TO PURCHASE, SELL, OR HOLD PARTICULAR SECURITIES. NEITHER CREDIT RATINGS NOR MOODY'S PUBLICATIONS COMMENT ON THE SUITABILITY OF AN INVESTMENT FOR ANY PARTICULAR INVESTOR. MOODY'S ISSUES ITS CREDIT RATINGS AND PUBLISHES MOODY'S

PUBLICATIONS WITH THE EXPECTATION AND UNDERSTANDING THAT EACH INVESTOR WILL, WITH DUE CARE, MAKE ITS OWN STUDY AND EVALUATION OF EACH SECURITY THAT IS UNDER CONSIDERATION FOR PURCHASE, HOLDING, OR SALE. MOODY'S CREDIT RATINGS AND MOODY'S PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE BY RETAIL INVESTORS AND IT WOULD BE RECKLESS FOR RETAIL INVESTORS TO CONSIDER MOODY'S CREDIT RATINGS OR MOODY'S PUBLICATIONS IN MAKING ANY INVESTMENT DECISION. IF IN DOUBT YOU SHOULD CONTACT YOUR FINANCIAL OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL ADVISER. ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PROTECTED BY LAW, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, COPYRIGHT LAW, AND NONE OF SUCH INFORMATION MAY BE COPIED OR OTHERWISE REPRODUCED, REPACKAGED, FURTHER TRANSMITTED, TRANSFERRED, DISSEMINATED, REDISTRIBUTED OR RESOLD, OR STORED FOR SUBSEQUENT USE FOR ANY SUCH PURPOSE, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, IN ANY FORM OR MANNER OR BY ANY MEANS WHATSOEVER, BY ANY PERSON WITHOUT MOODY'S PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT. All information contained herein is obtained by MOODY'S from sources believed by it to be accurate and reliable. Because of the possibility of human or mechanical error as well as other factors, however, all information contained herein is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. MOODY'S adopts all necessary measures so that the information it uses in assigning a credit rating is of sufficient quality and from sources MOODY'S considers to be reliable including, when appropriate, independent third-party sources. However, MOODY'S is not an auditor and cannot in every instance independently verify or validate information received in the rating process or in preparing the Moody s Publications. To the extent permitted by law, MOODY'S and its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors and suppliers disclaim liability to any person or entity for any indirect, special, consequential, or incidental losses or damages whatsoever arising from or in connection with the information contained herein or the use of or inability to use any such information, even if MOODY'S or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors or suppliers is advised in advance of the possibility of such losses or damages, including but not limited to: (a) any loss of present or prospective profits or (b) any loss or damage arising where the relevant financial instrument is not the subject of a particular credit rating assigned by MOODY S. To the extent permitted by law, MOODY'S and its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors and suppliers disclaim liability for any direct or compensatory losses or damages caused to any person or entity, including but not limited to by any negligence (but excluding fraud, willful misconduct or any other type of liability that, for the avoidance of doubt, by law cannot be excluded) on the part of, or any contingency within or beyond the control of, MOODY'S or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors or suppliers, arising from or in connection with the information contained herein or the use of or inability to use any such information.

NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF ANY SUCH RATING OR OTHER OPINION OR INFORMATION IS GIVEN OR MADE BY MOODY'S IN ANY FORM OR MANNER WHATSOEVER. MIS, a wholly-owned credit rating agency subsidiary of Moody s Corporation ("MCO"), hereby discloses that most issuers of debt securities (including corporate and municipal bonds, debentures, notes and commercial paper) and preferred stock rated by MIS have, prior to assignment of any rating, agreed to pay to MIS for appraisal and rating services rendered by it fees ranging from $1,500 to approximately $2,500,000. MCO and MIS also maintain policies and procedures to address the independence of MIS's ratings and rating processes. Information regarding certain affiliations that may exist between directors of MCO and rated entities, and between entities who hold ratings from MIS and have also publicly reported to the SEC an ownership interest in MCO of more than 5%, is posted annually at www.moodys.com under the heading "Shareholder Relations Corporate Governance Director and Shareholder Affiliation Policy." For Australia only: Any publication into Australia of this document is pursuant to the Australian Financial Services License of MOODY'S affiliate, Moody's Investors Service Pty Limited ABN 61 003 399 657AFSL 336969 and/or Moody's Analytics Australia Pty Ltd ABN 94 105 136 972 AFSL 383569 (as applicable). This document is intended to be provided only to "wholesale clients" within the meaning of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001. By continuing to access this document from within Australia, you represent to MOODY'S that you are, or are accessing the document as a representative of, a "wholesale client" and that neither you nor the entity you represent will directly or indirectly disseminate this document or its contents to "retail clients" within the meaning of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001. MOODY'S credit rating is an opinion as to the creditworthiness of a debt obligation of the issuer, not on the equity securities of the issuer or any form of security that is available to retail clients. It would be dangerous for "retail clients" to make any investment decision based on MOODY'S credit rating. If in doubt you should contact your financial or other professional adviser.