Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 1 POPULATION a Total population million; as of 1 October 46.1 46.6 47.1 47.6 48.1 48.5 48.8 49.2 49.5 49.8 50.2 50.6 51.0 51.4 52.0 52.5 52.9 Population density persons per square kilometer 68 69 70 70 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 77 78 78 Population annual change, percent 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Urban population percent of total population 27.0 27.3 27.7 28.1 28.5 28.9 29.4 29.9 30.4 30.9 31.4 31.9 32.5 33.0 29.2 29.2 29.5 LABOR FORCE b million; fiscal year beginning 1 April.......................................... 21.4 22.0... Employed.......................................... 20.5 21.8... Agriculture, forestry, and fishing.......................................... 10.7 11.6... Mining and quarrying.......................................... 0.2 0.2... Manufacturing.......................................... 1.4 2.4... Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply; water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities.......................................... 0.1 0.1... Construction.......................................... 0.9 0.8... Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.......................................... 1.9 3.1... Transportation and storage.......................................... 0.8 1.0... Accommodation and food service activities.......................................... 1.0 0.3... Information and communication.......................................... 0.0 0.1... Financial and insurance activities.......................................... 0.0 0.1... Real estate activities.......................................... 0.0 0.0... Others.......................................... 3.4 2.3... Unemployed.......................................... 0.9 0.2... Unemployment rate percent.......................................... 4.1 0.8... Labor force annual change, percent................................................... Labor force participation rate percent.......................................... 63.4 64.7... Male.......................................... 81.7 80.2... Female.......................................... 47.1 51.6... NATIONAL ACCOUNTS c billion kyats; fiscal year beginning 1 April At Current Prices GDP by industrial origin at current producer prices 2,552.7 3,548.5 5,625.3 7,716.6 9,078.9 12,286.8 16,852.8 23,336.1 29,233.3 33,894.0 39,776.8 46,307.9 51,259.3 58,011.6 65,261.9 72,714.0 79,720.9 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 1,461.2 2,025.1 3,067.4 3,906.2 4,372.9 5,736.4 7,401.6 10,109.8 11,773.7 12,916.4 14,659.0 15,048.3 15,680.3 17,133.0 18,162.3 19,466.8 20,300.0 Mining and quarrying 15.0 17.3 25.2 34.6 57.5 89.5 121.9 205.3 254.4 331.4 366.4 2,710.7 3,164.2 3,467.6 4,797.5 4,447.5 3,505.2 Manufacturing 182.9 277.8 516.2 756.2 1,051.6 1,572.9 2,358.1 3,473.9 4,917.3 6,127.6 7,900.5 9,132.5 10,299.2 11,553.5 13,007.2 15,130.4 18,167.4 Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply 3.4 3.2 4.7 6.0 20.0 27.7 110.0 189.8 218.2 337.7 421.9 481.4 614.9 695.9 926.9 1,030.8 1,111.2 Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities Construction d 46.0 77.1 185.6 303.5 356.8 461.7 652.0 893.7 1,236.1 1,518.3 1,839.3 2,165.8 2,515.9 3,056.8 3,777.1 4,454.9 5,133.9 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 613.7 858.1 1,326.6 1,743.6 2,021.3 2,667.2 3,550.8 4,915.2 6,175.1 6,887.3 7,971.2 8,918.2 9,759.2 11,143.7 12,217.5 13,759.3 15,716.8 Accommodation and food service activities Transportation and storage 153.4 191.8 358.1 776.7 936.6 1,412.2 2,020.0 2,781.7 3,731.5 4,586.6 4,926.6 5,913.3 6,718.5 7,839.5 8,671.0 9,751.9 10,586.9 Information and communication Financial and insurance activities 2.6 3.3 4.8 5.3 6.7 10.2 14.4 16.9 20.9 27.4 37.7 65.3 85.3 114.4 139.7 173.4 233.8 Real estate activities................................................... Professional, scientific, and technical activities................................................... Administrative and support service activities................................................... Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 39.4 44.7 50.7 64.7 103.9 112.6 340.9 371.3 399.7 551.7 915.7 989.0 1,326.1 1,683.3 2,025.5 2,686.7 2,806.4
2 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 Education Human health and social work activities Arts, entertainment, and recreation Other service activities e 35.1 50.1 86.0 119.8 151.6 196.5 283.1 378.5 506.4 609.8 738.5 883.3 1,095.6 1,323.9 1,537.3 1,812.1 2,159.0 Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use................................................... Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies................................................... Gross value added at basic prices................................................... Taxes less subsidies on production and imports................................................... Net factor income from abroad -0.1-0.2-0.0-0.0-0.1-0.0 0.3 0.5 0.3-0.2-37.6-7.0-73.9-197.0-233.7...... GNI at current market prices 2,552.6 3,548.3 5,625.2 7,716.6 9,078.8 12,286.8 16,853.0 23,336.6 29,233.6 33,893.8 39,739.1 46,300.9 51,185.4 57,814.6 65,028.4...... Structure of Output percent of GDP at current producer prices Agriculture 57.2 57.1 54.5 50.6 48.2 46.7 43.9 43.3 40.3 38.1 36.8 32.5 30.6 29.5 27.8 26.8 25.5 Industry 9.7 10.6 13.0 14.3 16.4 17.5 19.2 20.4 22.7 24.5 26.5 31.3 32.4 32.4 34.5 34.5 35.0 Services 33.1 32.4 32.5 35.1 35.5 35.8 36.8 36.3 37.1 37.4 36.7 36.2 37.0 38.1 37.7 38.7 39.5 Expenditure on GDP at current producer prices 2,552.7 3,548.5 5,625.3 7,716.6 9,078.9 12,286.8 16,852.8 23,336.1 29,233.3 33,894.0 39,776.8 46,307.9 51,259.3 58,011.6 65,261.9 72,714.0 79,720.9 Final consumption expenditure 2,237.5 3,139.9 5,049.9 6,865.7 7,965.5 10,682.3 14,291.4 19,861.4 24,141.3 28,543.0 26,770.8 29,191.2 32,478.1 39,022.7 46,711.5 53,645.6 58,466.8 Household final consumption Government final consumption Gross capital formation 317.7 410.6 570.8 850.5 1,108.7 1,620.8 2,306.4 3,455.7 4,570.6 6,394.6 9,221.1 13,543.2 15,848.8 18,538.2 20,978.1 25,315.3 27,397.7 Gross fixed capital formation 301.0 413.2 551.7 850.1 1,069.0 1,563.8 2,282.4 3,390.5 4,599.8 6,436.2 9,115.1 13,516.2 15,316.4 18,282.8 20,700.9 25,152.2 26,371.8 Public................................................... Private................................................... Changes in inventories 16.7-2.6 19.1 0.4 39.7 57.0 24.0 65.2-29.2-41.6 106.1 27.1 532.5 255.4 277.3 163.1 1,025.9 Acquisitions less disposals of valuables................................................... Exports of goods and services f 12.6 16.4 19.4 13.7 16.0 19.8 29.3 34.0 32.2 38.7 7,791.7 7,140.4 7,572.5 9,690.0 11,519.6 12,648.2 13,877.9 Exports of goods................................................... Exports of services................................................... Less: Imports of goods and services f 15.1 18.4 14.9 13.4 11.3 11.5 16.8 18.4 24.9 22.8 6,002.3 7,300.3 7,722.9 13,302.0 16,596.5 20,317.5 21,632.4 Imports of goods................................................... Imports of services................................................... Statistical discrepancy -24.6 242.5 3.4 514.1-1,059.4 1,995.4 3,733.4 3,082.7 4,062.7 2,649.2 1,422.4 1,610.8 Structure of Demand percent of GDP at current producer prices Household final consumption g 87.7 88.5 89.8 89.0 87.7 86.9 84.8 85.1 82.6 84.2 67.3 63.0 63.4 67.3 71.6 73.8 73.3 Government final consumption Gross capital formation 12.4 11.6 10.1 11.0 12.2 13.2 13.7 14.8 15.6 18.9 23.2 29.2 30.9 32.0 32.1 34.8 34.4 Change in inventories 0.7-0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.3-0.1-0.1 0.3 0.1 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.2 1.3 Exports of goods and services 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 19.6 15.4 14.8 16.7 17.7 17.4 17.4 Imports of goods and services 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 15.1 15.8 15.1 22.9 25.4 27.9 27.1 Statistical discrepancy -0.2 1.4 0.0 1.8-3.1 5.0 8.1 6.0 7.0 4.1 2.0 2.0 At Constant Prices GDP by industrial origin at 1985/1986 2000/2001 2005/2006 2010/2011 producer prices 100.3 2,842.3 3,184.1 3,624.9 4,116.6 4,675.2 13,893.4 15,559.4 17,155.1 18,964.9 39,776.8 42,000.9 45,080.7 48,879.2 52,785.1 56,476.2 59,792.5 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 42.3 1,588.3 1,684.1 1,881.2 2,087.8 2,340.0 6,290.3 6,789.9 7,170.2 7,569.8 14,659.0 14,562.1 14,807.1 15,346.1 15,768.8 16,306.2 16,243.9 Mining and quarrying 2.4 15.8 20.5 22.3 25.2 33.2 98.8 104.8 119.6 133.3 366.4 401.2 374.1 472.5 699.3 600.6 654.1 Manufacturing 10.2 222.8 286.8 350.0 436.4 532.2 1,919.9 2,326.0 2,750.7 3,269.5 7,900.5 8,754.6 9,483.4 10,387.9 11,370.5 12,496.2 13,661.0
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 3 Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply 1.1 3.2 3.9 4.5 4.8 5.7 30.5 31.9 35.5 41.8 421.9 444.0 484.0 551.8 633.3 716.3 772.9 Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities Construction d 4.7 59.6 95.6 114.5 130.0 144.3 531.9 623.4 736.3 837.6 1,839.3 2,004.8 2,191.9 2,550.9 2,956.0 3,149.7 3,389.9 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 20.9 678.9 750.3 849.9 958.7 1,074.3 3,009.8 3,357.6 3,680.2 4,043.0 7,971.2 8,341.1 8,711.4 9,217.9 9,690.3 10,286.2 11,001.9 Accommodation and food service activities Transportation and storage 6.8 184.1 237.4 284.0 337.2 392.4 1,652.8 1,922.9 2,211.7 2,569.9 4,926.6 5,574.4 6,800.3 7,787.9 8,795.6 9,772.8 10,603.0 Information and communication Financial and insurance activities 2.1 3.3 4.8 5.3 6.7 10.2 12.0 14.2 17.6 23.0 37.7 78.0 110.1 147.6 180.3 223.8 301.8 Real estate activities................................................... Professional, scientific, and technical activities................................................... Administrative and support service activities................................................... Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 6.0 44.7 50.7 56.2 64.5 69.9 122.7 133.7 143.9 154.3 915.7 989.0 1,129.4 1,271.0 1,421.4 1,506.6 1,573.6 Education Human health and social work activities Arts, entertainment, and recreation Other service activities e 3.8 41.6 50.0 57.0 65.3 73.1 224.6 255.0 289.5 322.8 738.5 851.6 988.9 1,145.6 1,269.5 1,417.9 1,590.4 Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use................................................... Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies................................................... Gross value added at basic prices................................................... Taxes less subsidies on production and imports................................................... Net factor income from abroad -4.3-0.2-0.0-0.0-0.0-0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2-0.1-37.6-6.4-65.0-166.0-189.7...... GNI 96.0 2,842.2 3,184.1 3,624.9 4,116.6 4,675.2 13,893.6 15,559.7 17,155.3 18,964.8 39,739.1 41,994.5 45,015.7 48,713.1 52,595.5...... Growth of Output annual change, percent GDP 13.7 11.3 12.0 13.8 13.6 13.6 13.1 12.0 10.3 10.6 9.6 5.6 7.3 8.4 8.0 7.0 5.9 Agriculture 11.0 8.7 6.0 11.7 11.0 12.1 9.7 7.9 5.6 5.6 4.7-0.7 1.7 3.6 2.8 3.4-0.4 Industry 21.3 21.8 35.0 20.8 21.4 19.9 20.0 19.6 18.0 17.6 18.6 10.2 8.0 11.4 12.1 8.3 8.9 Services 13.4 12.9 14.8 14.6 14.4 13.1 14.2 13.2 11.6 12.1 9.5 8.5 12.0 10.3 9.1 8.7 8.0 Expenditure on GDP at 2000/2001 2005/2006 2010/2011 producer prices 100.3 2,842.3 3,184.1 3,624.9 4,116.6 4,675.2 13,893.4 15,559.4 17,155.1 18,964.9 39,776.8 42,000.9 45,080.7 48,879.2 52,785.2 56,476.2 59,792.5 Final consumption expenditure 61.8 2,518.4 2,821.1 3,175.0 3,546.7 4,064.6 11,781.8 13,242.7 14,169.1 15,969.9 26,770.8 28,390.6 30,697.6 34,904.0 38,793.1 40,501.8 41,341.0 Household final consumption Government final consumption Gross capital formation 31.5 326.7 359.6 448.6 564.7 732.8 1,968.1 2,523.5 2,949.0 3,973.2 9,221.1 12,276.9 13,943.1 15,658.3 16,836.9 19,544.7 20,385.2 Gross fixed capital formation 30.9 328.7 348.9 449.0 546.5 708.5 1,947.8 2,478.4 2,965.2 3,997.4 9,115.1 12,250.5 13,470.2 15,405.2 16,612.1 19,389.2 19,621.9 Public................................................... Private................................................... Changes in inventories 0.6-2.1 10.7-0.4 18.3 24.3 20.3 45.0-16.1-24.1 106.1 26.4 473.0 253.1 224.8 155.5 763.3 Acquisitions less disposals of valuables................................................... Exports of goods and services f 13.2 14.0 17.3 12.9 15.0 15.5 24.8 24.0 20.3 19.9 7,791.7 6,723.6 7,157.4 8,081.7 9,592.1 11,036.8 10,989.8 Exports of goods................................................... Exports of services................................................... Less: Imports of goods and services f 6.2 16.7 13.8 11.6 9.7 9.9 16.4 17.6 23.1 18.8 6,002.3 6,073.5 6,299.3 9,723.7 11,888.6 14,460.8 12,809.3 Imports of goods................................................... Imports of services................................................... Statistical discrepancy -127.8 135.0-213.2 39.8-979.3 1,995.4 683.3-418.3-41.2-548.4-146.3-114.1
4 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 Growth of Demand annual change, percent Household final consumption g 4.3 12.5 12.0 12.5 11.7 14.6 10.3 12.4 7.0 12.7 2.6 6.1 8.1 13.7 11.1 4.4 2.1 Government final consumption Gross capital formation 11.3 2.8 10.1 24.8 25.9 29.8 21.4 28.2 16.9 34.7 34.6 33.1 13.6 12.3 7.5 16.1 4.3 Exports of goods and services 79.3 16.6 23.0-25.0 15.6 3.6 25.3-3.1-15.5-2.0 10.9-13.7 6.5 12.9 18.7 15.1-0.4 Imports of goods and services -8.0 11.0-17.5-15.8-16.5 2.2 42.4 7.4 31.3-18.9 51.9 1.2 3.7 54.4 22.3 21.6-11.4 Investment Financing at Current Prices Gross capital formation 317.7 410.6 570.8 850.5 1,108.7 1,620.8 2,306.4 3,455.7 4,570.6 6,394.6 9,221.1 13,543.2 15,848.8 18,538.2 20,978.1 25,315.3 27,397.7 Gross national saving 317.1 409.7 576.4 851.4 1,114.2 1,605.5 2,562.4 3,476.3 5,094.1 5,352.6 12,969.6 17,111.8 19,047.5 20,449.2 23,505.6...... Gross domestic saving 315.3 408.5 575.3 850.9 1,113.4 1,604.5 2,561.4 3,474.7 5,092.0 5,351.1 13,005.9 17,116.7 18,781.1 19,595.3 21,269.0 23,167.8 21,254.1 Net factor income from abroad -0.1-0.2-0.0-0.0-0.1-0.0 0.3 0.5 0.3-0.2-37.6-7.0-73.9-197.0-233.7...... Net current transfers from abroad 1.9 1.4 1.1 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 2.2 340.3 1,051.0 2,470.3 3,058.4 3,811.9 Savings and Investment percent of GDP at current producers prices Gross domestic saving 12.3 11.5 10.2 11.0 12.3 13.1 15.2 14.9 17.4 15.8 32.7 37.0 36.6 33.8 32.6 31.8 26.7 Gross national saving 12.4 11.5 10.2 11.0 12.3 13.1 15.2 14.9 17.4 15.8 32.6 37.0 37.2 35.3 36.0...... Gross capital formation 12.4 11.6 10.1 11.0 12.2 13.2 13.7 14.8 15.6 18.9 23.2 29.2 30.9 32.0 32.1 34.8 34.4 At Current Producer Prices h kyats Per capita GDP 55,379 76,102 119,330 162,029 188,854 253,426 345,015 474,585 590,813 680,594 793,063 916,026 1,005,349 1,127,574 1,255,278 1,386,349 1,506,536 Per capita GNI 55,377 76,097 119,330 162,029 188,852 253,426 345,020 474,595 590,820 680,589 792,312 915,887 1,003,900 1,123,744 1,250,787...... PRODUCTION INDEXES period averages Agriculture 2004 2006 2010/2011 = 100 73.1 79.1 81.8 87.7 92.1 97.6 110.3 116.2 125.5 129.9 100.0 96.5 96.7 98.6 99.9 102.1 101.1 Mining i 2005/2006 2010/2011 = 100..................... 111.6 118.8 161.1 100.0 114.0 106.2 139.2 206.7 173.4 193.2 Manufacturing i 2005/2006 2010/2011 = 100........................... 205.1 100.0 110.1 117.6 128.0 140.0 154.3 168.3 ENERGY annual values Crude petroleum j thousand metric tons Production 558 653 862 967 1,011 1,098 1,049 1,046 993 1,107 1,079 1,053 848 838 789 644 588 Exports................................................... Imports 530 638 675....................................... Consumption... 1,181 1,449 1,023 1,060... 852 816 849 948 884 911 690 552 618 479 443 Coal thousand metric tons Production 52 44 52 57 234 224 357 315 245 235 240 351 471 380 387 420 550 Exports................................................... Imports................................................... Consumption... 56 57 113 117.................................... Natural gas k million cubic feet Production 183,421 310,323 330,315 371,811 426,171 437,729 460,442 476,832 405,521 439,615 450,381 464,935 467,025 482,276 644,028 1,069,002 670,080 Exports.................................... 362,115 372,276 518,649 557,183 693,298 Imports................................................... Consumption... 42,867 44,336 58,906 61,026... 134,742 135,116 70,292 104,459 79,778 105,891 81,560 82,929 109,425 121,258 130,814
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 5 Electricity l million kilowatt-hours Production 5,522 4,689 5,068 5,426 5,608 6,064 6,164 6,398 6,622 6,964 8,625 10,425 10,965 12,247 14,156 15,970 17,867 Exports................................................... Imports................................................... Consumption m 4,087 3,041 3,484 3,850 3,909 4,353 4,355 4,438 4,701 4,993 6,312 7,877 8,441 9,795 11,407 13,551 15,476 Retail prices kyats/liter Gasoline, premium..................... 1,100.0 1,338.3 792.6 848.1 1,068.8 1,084.6 1,078.0 1,075.4 880.8... Diesel..................... 968.8 1,257.3 769.2 820.3 986.6 987.8 1,020.2 1,059.5 934.2... PRICE INDEXES period averages Consumer (national) 1997 2006 = 100 December 2012 = 100 151.7 183.8 288.6 394.3 412.1 450.8 100.0 120.9 142.5 144.6 155.7 163.5 95.7 104.2 109.4 119.7 128.0 Food n 148.4 177.4 298.6 407.1 411.7 449.9 100.0 121.3 143.8 143.3 153.7 159.7 100.4 105.8 113.1 127.9 139.7 Nonfood...... 267.3 366.8 413.6 452.5 100.0 120.0 139.5 147.2 160.1 171.8 90.3 101.9 104.1 108.1 111.4 Consumer (Yangon) 1997 2006 = 100 December 2012 = 100 157.3 220.4 316.2 398.0 404.6 449.1 100.0 115.4 144.6 146.8 159.9 168.1 101.8 102.4 109.0 118.5 130.0 Food n 155.8 197.0 324.5 416.3 413.5 456.5 100.0 116.6 150.0 151.5 163.0 166.5 106.0 103.8 114.9 129.8 146.9 Nonfood 161.3 214.5 301.1 358.1 388.5 434.6 100.0 113.3 134.9 139.0 154.3 170.9 100.1 100.8 102.0 105.1 109.9 Implicit GDP deflator 2000/2001 2005/2006 2010/2011 = 100 2,545.7 124.8 176.7 212.9 220.5 262.8 121.3 150.0 170.4 178.7 100.0 110.3 113.7 118.7 123.6 128.8 133.3 Price Indexes annual change, percent Consumer price index (national) -0.2 21.2 57.0 36.6 4.5 9.4 20.0 20.9 17.9 1.5 7.7 5.0 1.5 8.9 5.0 9.5 6.9 Consumer price index (Yangon) -0.1 40.1 43.5 25.9 1.7 11.0... 15.4 25.3 1.5 8.9 5.1 2.9 0.6 6.4 8.8 9.7 Food price index (national) -2.6 19.5 68.3 36.3 1.1 9.3 20.6 21.3 18.5-0.3 7.2 3.9-1.5 5.4 6.9 13.1 9.2 Food price index (Yangon) -2.6 26.4 64.7 28.3-0.7 10.4... 16.6 28.6 1.0 7.6 2.1-0.9-2.1 10.7 13.0 13.1 Nonfood price index (national)......... 37.2 12.8 9.4... 20.0 16.3 5.5 8.8 7.3 7.4 12.9 2.1 3.8 3.1 Implicit GDP deflator 2.5 24.8 41.5 20.5 3.6 19.2 21.3 23.6 13.6 4.9 7.0 10.3 3.1 4.4 4.2 4.1 3.6 MONEY AND BANKING i billion kyats; as of end of period Money supply (M1) 499.7 695.5 1,001.4 1,175.4 1,471.8 1,931.7 2,445.6 3,181.1 3,385.4 4,199.2 5,548.9 6,702.8 7,735.4 9,610.1 10,918.1 14,396.0 14,496.4 Currency in circulation 378.0 494.6 718.6 1,102.9 1,347.6 1,743.7 2,152.9 2,696.7 2,922.6 3,568.6 4,278.9 5,132.6 5,856.8 6,949.2 7,622.8 9,392.5 9,601.8 Demand deposits (excluding government deposits) 121.7 200.9 282.8 72.5 124.2 188.0 292.7 484.5 462.7 630.6 1,270.0 1,570.2 1,878.6 2,660.9 3,295.3 5,003.5 4,894.7 Quasi-money 335.7 458.5 563.2 400.7 610.1 718.7 928.6 1,202.7 1,651.3 2,380.6 3,834.3 6,669.9 7,804.0 9,778.0 13,551.1 18,133.6 25,106.5 Money supply (M2) 835.3 1,154.0 1,564.6 1,576.1 2,081.9 2,650.4 3,374.2 4,383.8 5,036.7 6,579.8 9,383.2 13,372.7 15,539.4 19,388.1 24,469.2 32,529.6 37,916.3 Foreign assets (net) 1.2-8.9-8.0-9.5-9.9-10.3-7.1-1.8 2.4 5.6 6.7 24.6 5,535.4 5,591.5 7,461.2 9,967.2 9,479.3 Domestic credit 686.0 1,177.1 1,584.7 1,667.6 2,229.0 2,833.7 3,598.5 4,713.5 5,407.8 7,172.5 10,037.3 12,768.6 9,055.4 14,019.5 16,465.8 22,124.7 29,642.6 Claims on government sector 445.4 712.6 929.7 1,294.9 1,766.9 2,252.7 2,936.7 3,906.5 4,485.0 5,988.3 8,127.1 9,642.1 4,281.3 6,571.7 6,325.9 8,946.9 12,045.4 Claims on private sector 240.6 390.4 581.9 316.0 430.4 572.2 653.4 799.0 912.4 1,176.9 1,903.2 3,124.3 4,772.4 7,447.8 10,139.9 13,156.6 17,526.8 Claims on other financial institutions 0.0 74.1 73.0 56.7 31.8 8.8 8.4 8.1 10.4 7.3 7.0 2.2 1.7 0.0 0.0 21.3 70.5 Other items 148.1-14.1-12.1-82.0-137.3-173.0-217.2-327.8-373.5-598.2-660.7 579.5 948.6-222.9 542.1 437.7-1,205.6 Money Supply (M2) annual change, percent 42.2 38.1 35.6 0.7 32.1 27.3 27.3 29.9 14.9 30.6 42.6 42.5 16.2 24.8 26.2 32.9 16.6 M2 percent of GDP at current market prices 32.7 32.5 27.8 20.4 22.9 21.6 20.0 18.8 17.2 19.4 23.6 28.9 30.3 33.4 37.5 44.7 47.6 Deposit Money Banks Demand deposits o,p 121.7 208.8 292.8 83.5 138.3 184.4 237.2 484.5 462.7 630.6 1,270.0 1,556.0 1,774.7 2,636.0 3,295.3 5,003.5 4,894.7 Savings deposits o,q 300.7 399.5 456.6 354.4 570.7 674.4 877.0 1,202.7 1,651.3 2,380.6 3,827.3 5,542.6 8,471.0 11,920.2 15,463.9 19,323.3 25,106.5
6 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 GOVERNMENT FINANCE billion kyats; fiscal year beginning 1 April Central Government Total revenue and grants 107.9............... 2,967.8 4,003.1 4,617.3 4,702.0 5,661.1 6,821.7 11,783.5 14,168.7 16,411.1 15,814.5 15,749.7 Total revenue 107.9............... 2,967.6 4,002.9 4,617.0 4,701.5 5,660.7 6,821.4 11,758.0 13,970.6 16,207.0 15,484.1 15,288.8 Current revenue 107.7............... 2,964.4 3,969.3 4,553.1 4,526.5 5,307.3 6,483.0 11,487.6 13,711.2 16,120.5 15,282.0 15,230.0 Taxes 49.9............... 717.6 888.5 1,062.8 1,076.9 1,281.9 1,719.7 1,946.1 3,642.0 6,518.0 6,314.7 6,512.7 Nontaxes 57.7............... 2,246.8 3,080.8 3,490.3 3,449.6 4,025.4 4,763.3 9,541.6 10,069.2 9,602.5 8,967.3 8,717.3 Capital receipts 0.2............... 3.2 33.5 63.9 175.0 353.4 338.4 270.3 259.4 86.5 202.1 58.8 Grants r.................. 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 25.5 198.1 204.2 330.4 460.9 Total expenditure and net lending 89.8...... 1,353.8 1,692.4 2,353.4 3,692.9 4,900.9 5,314.1 6,256.1 7,505.7 8,581.5 14,173.0 17,275.3 17,115.9 18,923.6 20,561.0 Total expenditure s 89.8...... 1,353.8 1,692.4 2,353.4 3,692.9 4,900.9 5,314.1 6,256.1 7,505.7 8,581.5 14,173.0 17,275.3 17,115.9 18,923.6 20,561.0 Current expenditure 51.4...... 901.4 1,107.3 1,568.2 2,580.4 3,281.1 3,631.2 3,827.7 4,302.4 5,560.9 8,764.0 11,841.9 12,515.0 14,216.5 15,625.6 Capital expenditure 38.4...... 452.4 585.1 785.2 1,112.4 1,619.7 1,683.0 2,428.4 3,203.3 3,020.7 5,409.0 5,433.4 4,600.8 4,707.2 4,935.4 Net lending................................................... Current surplus/deficit 56.3............... 384.0 688.2 921.9 698.8 1,004.9 922.2 2,723.6 1,869.3 3,605.4 1,065.6-395.6 Capital account surplus/deficit -38.2............... -1,109.2-1,586.2-1,619.1-2,253.4-2,849.9-2,682.3-5,138.7-5,174.0-4,514.3-4,505.1-4,876.5 Overall budgetary surplus/deficit 18.1............... -725.1-897.7-696.8-1,554.1-1,844.6-1,759.9-2,389.5-3,106.6-704.7-3,109.1-4,811.3 Financing Domestic borrowing.................. 4.0 3.9 15.5 10.5 29.5 12.5 14.8 13.3 518.9 3,033.4 4,040.7 Foreign borrowing.................. 0.5 0.9 2.2 3.1 2.7 3.3 976.3 959.5 185.8 768.1 1,264.4 Use of cash balances................................................... Government Finance percent of GDP at current market prices Total revenue 4.2............... 17.6 17.2 15.8 13.9 14.2 14.7 23.0 24.4 25.1 21.7 19.8 Tax revenue 2.0............... 4.3 3.8 3.6 3.2 3.2 3.7 3.8 6.3 10.0 8.7 8.2 Total expenditure 3.5...... 17.5 18.6 19.2 21.9 21.0 18.2 18.5 18.9 18.5 27.6 29.8 26.2 26.0 25.8 Overall budgetary surplus/deficit 0.7............... -4.3-3.8-2.4-4.6-4.6-3.8-4.7-5.4-1.1-4.3-6.0 EXTERNAL TRADE million US dollars; fiscal year beginning 1 April Exports, fob 1,961 2,544 3,063 2,357 2,928 3,558 5,233 6,402 6,779 7,587 8,861 9,136 8,977 11,204 12,524 11,149 11,663 Imports, cif 2,319 2,736 2,300 2,240 1,973 1,984 2,937 3,353 4,543 4,181 6,413 9,035 9,069 13,760 16,633 16,578 17,180 Trade balance -358-191 763 117 955 1,574 2,296 3,048 2,236 3,406 2,448 101-92 -2,556-4,110-5,441-5,517 External Trade annual change, percent Exports 72.3 29.8 20.4-23.1 24.2 21.5 47.1 22.3 5.9 11.9 16.8 3.1-1.7 24.8 11.8-11.0 4.6 Imports -11.0 18.0-15.9-2.6-11.9 0.6 48.0 14.2 35.5-8.0 53.4 40.9 0.4 51.7 20.9-0.3 3.6 Direction of Trade million US dollars; calendar year Exports, total 3,104.8 3,923.4 4,018.7 3,851.0 4,187.3 4,892.7 5,699.2 6,060.6 7,485.7 7,090.6 7,797.5 9,689.5 9,837.4 11,411.0 18,032.9 12,377.8 11,046.0 1. Thailand 285.7 902.1 1,019.5 1,014.4 1,509.1 1,990.8 2,619.7 2,581.9 3,752.9 3,126.7 3,177.2 3,891.5 4,124.6 4,483.8 4,367.9 3,965.3 2,639.0 2. China, People s Rep. of 61.9 66.5 67.9 84.0 102.5 136.0 125.2 183.7 319.4 319.9 476.3 831.3 643.9 1,392.5 7,720.6 2,596.6 2,091.6 3. Hong Kong, China 1,165.5 1,161.6 1,158.6 1,162.4 1,174.2 1,182.2 1,187.7 1,214.0 1,182.8 1,176.1 1,611.8 2,063.1 2,062.7 2,056.6 2,078.7 2,080.0 2,092.7 4. India 197.4 322.4 425.9 294.4 259.2 415.7 508.5 688.3 780.0 1,021.6 958.1 1,074.9 1,153.7 1,173.3 1,197.4 874.9 928.7 5. Japan 66.0 56.5 61.1 77.2 99.5 112.5 137.4 163.9 175.7 188.4 215.2 328.0 372.7 418.8 474.6 478.7 517.7 6. Korea, Rep. of 27.9 45.6 60.3 41.7 36.7 58.8 72.0 97.4 107.2 103.8 125.4 234.3 275.5 382.7 455.0 396.7 363.9 7. Singapore 389.1 391.7 386.3 363.2 350.3 387.7 348.8 340.5 367.4 396.6 276.3 223.1 216.2 316.2 296.4 261.2 263.0 8. Germany 74.1 83.4 73.7 96.7 121.2 104.7 119.2 114.4 94.0 75.8 73.7 78.2 52.7 69.3 122.3 195.3 287.8
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 7 9. Malaysia 49.7 55.8 54.8 57.0 76.3 95.4 89.2 99.5 127.6 101.1 162.8 167.1 131.6 141.9 119.1 127.5 181.1 10. Indonesia 2.9 4.8 6.3 4.3 3.8 6.1 7.5 10.2 11.2 10.8 38.2 85.5 76.2 87.8 146.5 192.5 122.0 Imports, total 3,225.0 3,086.3 1,926.8 1,881.8 1,879.7 1,811.0 1,991.0 2,716.5 3,581.8 3,290.3 4,282.4 5,847.8 7,438.2 9,143.9 10,761.5 10,833.4 10,395.3 1. China, People s Rep. of 310.4 311.1 235.0 294.4 304.3 303.1 391.4 548.5 641.7 738.9 1,128.5 1,564.3 1,839.9 2,382.6 3,039.4 3,043.3 2,693.7 2. Singapore 682.8 662.7 508.9 631.9 632.9 579.1 546.9 755.3 1,248.8 863.8 1,122.5 1,177.0 1,301.5 2,182.3 2,328.2 2,381.0 2,219.8 3. Japan 304.2 389.8 95.6 103.2 87.3 76.1 85.9 146.1 156.1 167.3 218.8 420.1 1,042.9 874.9 981.9 883.3 856.4 4. Thailand 342.9 241.4 73.9 100.4 138.2 161.4 174.0 218.8 300.9 351.6 473.4 642.7 709.9 852.0 958.2 939.1 947.3 5. India 72.9 86.1 192.1 125.4 104.8 92.0 122.4 156.6 141.3 125.6 163.6 279.3 319.4 403.4 520.4 517.5 692.5 6. Korea, Rep. of 305.7 361.3 172.5 112.6 94.1 82.6 109.9 140.6 184.2 188.2 252.5 351.7 701.9 371.9 422.0 348.0 452.0 7. Indonesia 73.2 86.6 261.6 170.8 142.7 125.3 166.6 213.3 279.4 285.4 203.3 257.2 287.3 398.0 405.6 440.4 303.1 8. Malaysia 407.5 347.5 87.9 51.5 54.9 90.3 60.6 77.4 115.7 75.5 134.3 205.7 258.6 262.2 296.1 287.1 287.7 9. Taipei,China 211.5 180.9 155.7 120.1 72.1 84.3 71.9 74.3 99.3 86.7 113.7 140.7 154.3 190.6 238.5 225.2 224.9 10. United States 74.8 37.9 16.0 12.3 17.0 10.8 13.1 14.1 16.2 12.5 24.8 80.2 97.0 177.0 124.1 258.5 186.5 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS t million US dollars; calendar year Current account balance -243-169 9-21 -79 590 787 1,266 1,262 1,093 1,963-1,633-1,228-506 -1,887-2,523-1,818 Balance on goods -516 58 379 790 464 2,038 2,196 2,801 3,026 2,647 3,553 236 793 97-1,863-3,800-3,446 Exports 1,619 2,443 2,526 2,687 2,446 3,810 4,531 5,766 6,303 6,260 7,847 8,263 8,935 10,217 10,039 9,984 9,701 Imports -2,135-2,384-2,147-1,898-1,982-1,772-2,335-2,966-3,276-3,613-4,294-8,027-8,142-10,120-11,902-13,783-13,147 Balance on services -24-431 -530-904 -699-1,624-1,532-1,743-2,078-1,867-1,822-426 -282 228 864 1,416 804 Credit 557 445 408 276 290 317 412 472 477 427 702 674 1,041 1,683 3,127 3,854 3,703 Debit -581-877 -938-1,180-989 -1,940-1,944-2,216-2,555-2,293-2,523-1,100-1,323-1,455-2,263-2,438-2,900 Balance on primary income................................. -1,841-2,270-1,957-3,007-2,684-2,263 Credit................................. 202 311 237 288 335 421 Debit................................. -2,043-2,581-2,194-3,295-3,018-2,683 Balance on secondary income 297 204 161 94 156 175 122 208 313 313 232 398 531 1,126 2,118 2,544 3,087 Credit 297 218 185 117 182 199 161 235 366 377 340 503 665 1,516 3,573 3,830 4,640 Debit -0-14 -24-23 -26-24 -39-27 -53-64 -109-105 -134-391 -1,455-1,286-1,553 Capital account........................... 0 Credit................................................ 0 Debit................................................... Financial account 160 117 96 136 211 167 195......... 1,853 2,993 2,328 2,862 1,350 4,453 4,396 Direct investment 255 211 190 250 269 239 277 715 872 1,077 1,492 2,539 1,342 2,244 2,176 4,098 3,275 Portfolio investment..................... -17 8-36 Other investment -95-94 -93-113 -58-72 -83......... 361 454 986 617-809 347 1,157 Net errors and omissions 60 230-37 -40-7 -625............... -44-1,107-737 1,238-1,786-2,087 Overall balance -23 178 69 75 125 132 982............ 1,316-6 1,619 701 144 492 Reserves and related items 23-178 -69-75 -125-132................................. Reserve assets 23-178 -69-75 -125-132................................. Use of IMF credit and loans......... 463.................. Balance of Payments u percent of GDP at current market prices Exports 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 11.2 16.4 15.1 16.0 15.0 Imports -0.5-0.5-0.3-0.2-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.1-10.2-16.3-18.0-22.0-20.4 Balance on goods -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.2-2.8-6.1-5.3 Current account balance -0.1-0.0 0.0-0.0-0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0-0.0-1.5-0.8-2.8-4.0-2.8 Overall balance -0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0............ 0.0-0.0 2.6 1.1 0.2 0.8
8 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 INTERNATIONAL RESERVES million US dollars; as of end of period Total 233.5 410.6 481.0 562.3 684.7 782.3 1,247.8 3,101.8 3,730.1 5,264.5 5,729.5 7,016.5 6,976.6 8,566.7 2,023.6 3,817.3... Gold, national valuation 10.6 10.2 11.0 12.0 12.6 11.6 12.2 12.9 12.6 12.8 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.9 11.3... Foreign exchange 222.8 399.9 469.9 550.1 672.1 770.5 1,235.4 3,088.5 3,717.4 5,138.4 5,714.3 7,003.0 6,963.5 8,552.3 2,009.0 3,803.5... Reserve position in the IMF... SDRs 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 113.3 2.6 1.0 0.5 1.7 2.8 2.5 2.2 EXCHANGE RATES v kyats per US dollar End of period 6.599 6.850 6.344 5.805 5.552 5.990 5.717 5.444 5.552 5.502 5.580 5.615 855.000 988.000 1,031.500 1,304.000 1,357.500 Average of period 6.517 6.749 6.642 6.139 5.806 5.818 5.843 5.617 5.441 5.576 5.635 5.444 640.653 933.570 984.346 1,162.615 1,234.870 EXTERNAL INDEBTEDNESS million US dollars; as of end of fiscal year Total debt outstanding and disbursed 5,875.1 5,728.4 6,357.1 7,063.9 7,058.9 6,674.3 6,845.8 7,668.4 7,526.2 8,104.2 8,216.7 8,191.7 7,840.3 7,251.2 6,351.0 6,401.2... Long-term debt 5,328.1 5,165.4 5,647.3 6,219.9 6,171.8 5,815.2 5,928.5 6,584.3 6,461.9 6,670.6 6,645.8 6,619.7 6,485.8 5,978.0 5,260.1 5,306.5... Public and publicly guaranteed 5,328.1 5,165.4 5,647.3 6,219.9 6,171.8 5,815.2 5,928.5 6,584.3 6,461.9 6,670.6 6,645.8 6,619.7 6,485.8 5,978.0 5,175.1 5,240.4... Private nonguaranteed 85.0 66.1... Short-term debt 492.2 508.8 650.1 779.7 821.4 796.4 851.6 1,012.6 999.4 1,060.6 1,181.3 1,191.3 976.8 893.3 752.0 754.1... Use of IMF credit 54.8 54.2 59.7 64.4 65.7 62.6 65.7 71.5 65.0 373.1 389.7 380.7 377.7 379.9 339.0 340.6... External debt percent of GNI................................. 10.6 12.6 10.1...... Total long-term debt percent of total debt 90.7 90.2 88.8 88.1 87.4 87.1 86.6 85.9 85.9 82.3 80.9 80.8 82.7 82.4 82.8 82.9... Short-term debt percent of total debt 8.4 8.9 10.2 11.0 11.6 11.9 12.4 13.2 13.3 13.1 14.4 14.5 12.5 12.3 11.8 11.8... Debt service percent of exports of goods and services 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 9.7 0.5 0.5 0.5... Debt service million US dollars; transactions during the fiscal year Principal repayments on long-term debt 6.2 3.4 4.5 3.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 5.0 4.3 4.2 1.6 0.8 764.0 54.1 48.9 64.4 57.4 Interest on long-term debt 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 179.2 12.5 12.9 11.6 13.3 Interest on short-term debt...... Average terms of new commitments Interest percent per annum 0.9 0.9 1.1...... Maturity years 31.4 37.1 34.1...... Grace period years 9.4 9.6 7.0...... Grant element percent 74.3 77.2 72.0...... = marks break in series;... = data not available at cutoff date; 0.0 = magnitude is less than half of unit employed; = magnitude equals zero; cif = cost, insurance, and freight; CSO = Central Statistical Organization; fob = free on board; GDP = gross domestic product; GNI = gross national income; IMF = International Monetary Fund; SDRs = special drawing right; US = United States; WDI = World Development Indicators. a For 2000 2013, data were obtained from the WDI database (World Bank) while for 2014 2016, data are based on the results of 2014 Population and Housing Census. Population density for 2000 2013 were derived using population data and surface area of 676,590 square kilometers obtained from the WDI while for 2014 2016, data were provided by the CSO. b For 2014, data are from 2014 Population and Housing Census while for 2015, data are from Labour Force, Child Labour, and School to Work Transition Survey 2015; both cover the population 15 years and over. Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. c Estimates of GDP for base years 2000 and 2005 are based on the old series. The significant increases in some of the sectors is a result of the use of the managed float exchange rate of the kyat vis-à-vis the US dollar for imports and exports. d Data include real estate activities. e Data include professional, scientific, technical activities, and administrative and support service activities. f Significant change beginning 2010 was due to the adoption of the managed float exchange rate regime for the kyat vis-à-vis the US dollar by the Central Bank of. g Refers to final consumption expenditure. h Derived based on official GDP estimates from CSO and population data from WDI (2000 2013) and CSO (2014 2016).
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 9 i For the fiscal year beginning 1 April. j Beginning 2009, data were converted from barrels to metric tons using a conversion factor of 1 barrel = 0.15897882 metric tons. k Data are for fiscal year beginning 1 April. Terajoule figures were converted to million cubic feet using 0.947867299 as conversion factor. l Data are for fiscal year beginning 1 April. Beginning 2001, data are only for the Electric Power Enterprise, which is the main distributor of electric power in. m From 2002 onward, data refer to units sold by the Electric Power Enterprise. n Includes beverages. o Data for 2007 2011 are as amended by the IMF Supplemental Reserve Facility format, and from official communication from the Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development. p Excludes government deposits. q Data for 2007 2011 include savings, time, and other deposits. r Grants cannot be disaggregated from foreign borrowings (net) under financing items. s Current and capital expenditures include special accounts (except foreign loans account) and representative bodies. t For 2000 2010, data were compiled based on the fourth edition of the IMF Balance of Payments Manual; for 2011 2013, based on the fifth edition; and for 2014 2016, based on the sixth edition or Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual. u Beginning 2012, used managed float exchange rate regime for the kyat vis-à-vis the US dollar adopted by the Central Bank of. v For 2000 2011, the official exchange rate was pegged to the SDR. Beginning 1 April 2012, the Central Bank of adopted the managed float exchange rate regime for the kyat vis-à-vis the US dollar. Sources: Population For 2000 2013: World Bank. World Development Indicators Online. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators# (accessed July 2017). For 2014 2016: CSO. Official communication, 19 May 2017. Urban Population For 2000 2013: World Bank. World Development Indicators Online. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators# (accessed July 2017). For 2014 2016: CSO. Official communication, 19 May 2017. Labor Force For 2014: CSO. Official communication, 29 July 2017; CSO. 2016. The 2014 Population and Housing Census. Census Report Volume 2-B. For 2015: CSO. Official communication, 29 July 2017; CSO. 2016. Labour Force, Child Labour, and School to Work Transition Survey 2015: Executive Summary Report. Labor Force Participation Rate For 2014: ADB estimates based on the 2014 Population and Housing Census, Census Report Volume 2-B. Unemployment Rate For 2015: CSO. Official communication, 29 July 2017. National Accounts CSO. Official communication, 25 July 2017; past communication. Production Indexes Agriculture For 2000 2009: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT. http://www.faostat.fao.org/site/612/default.aspx#ancor (accessed March 2014). For 2010 2016: CSO. Official communication, 10 July 2017; past communication. Mining Manufacturing For data prior to 2010: Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development. Official communication, 15 July 2015; past communication; other publications. For 2010 2016: CSO. Official communication, 10 July 2017; past communication. Energy Crude Petroleum Production For 2000 2008: United Nations. Energy Statistics Database. http://www.data.un.org/data.aspx?d=ilo&f=srid%3a4230 (accessed May 2013). For 2009 2016: Consumption Imports United Nations. 2014. Energy Statistics Yearbook 2011. New York. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy/yearbook/2011/214.pdf
10 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 Coal Natural Gas Production Consumption Electricity Retail Prices Price Indexes Money and Banking Government Finance External Trade For 2000 2011: United Nations. 2014. Energy Statistics Yearbook 2011. New York. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy/yearbook/2011/398.pdf (accessed July 2015); past issues. CSO. Official communication, 19 May 2017; past communication; other publications; official website: http://www.csostat.gov.mm. CSO. Official communication, 7 July 2017; past communication. Direction of Trade IMF. http://data.imf.org/?sk=9d6028d4-f14a-464c-a2f2-59b2cd424b85&ss=1390030341854 (accessed 13 June 2017). Balance of Payments Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development. Official communication, 17 July 2017; past communication. International Reserves IMF. International Financial Statistics. http://data.imf.org/ (accessed 2 June 2017). Exchange Rates External Indebtedness World Bank. World Development Indicators and International Debt Statistics. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators (accessed 10 July 2017).