DERIVATIVES MARKET OPERATION PRINCIPLES

DERIVATIVES MARKET OPERATION PRINCIPLES

1. Scope Principles for trading, settlement and default, risk management and margining for Borsa İstanbul Derivatives Market and the activities of the Settlement Price Committee and the Corporate Actions Committee are explained in this booklet. 2. Abbreviations and Definitions The terms defined in this booklet shall for all purposes of this booklet have the meanings herein specified; Borsa İstanbul Executive Management: Exchange or Borsa İstanbul: Market: Contract: SPAN: CMB: Borsa İstanbul Board: Clearing Center, Takasbank: Clearing Legislation: CBT : Market Regulation : Shareholder s Equity : TMO : Chairman & CEO of Borsa İstanbul Inc., or an Executive Vice President assigned by the same Borsa İstanbul Inc. Borsa İstanbul Futures and Options Market A futures or options contract Standard Portfolio Analysis of Risk Algorithm Capital Markets Board of Turkey Board of Directors of the Exchange İstanbul Settlement and Custody Bank Inc. İstanbul Settlement and Custody Bank Inc. Central Counterparty Regulation published in the Official Gazette dated 14.08.2013 and numbered 28735, Procedure On Central Counterparty Service To Be Provided By İstanbul Settlement and Custody Bank Inc. To Borsa İstanbul Inc. Futures and Options Market and The Clearing and the Settlement Principles Regarding This Service, Directive On Central Counterparty Service To Be Provided By İstanbul Settlement and Custody Bank Inc. To Borsa İstanbul Inc. Futures and Options Market and The Clearing and the Settlement Principles Regarding This Service and other related regulations. Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Borsa İstanbul Futures and Options Market Regulation For Members which are Intermediary Institution: the value of equity capital of last year s financial statements and reports prepared in accordance with the principles and rules concerning financial statements and reports of CMB. For Members which are Banks: the value of equity capital of last year s financial statements prepared in accordance with the regulation on the procedures and principles for accounting practices and related communiqués of Banking Regulation & Supervision Agency. Turkish Grain Board 1

3 Trading Principles 3.2 Daily Work Flow and Trading Session Hours Daily workflow comprises of the non-trading period, normal and single price sessions (fixing sessions), announcement of the settlement price and post-session procedures. The sequence of the daily work flow is as follows (Figure 1): Daily Work Flow and Trading Hours If an order, one side of which is definite, entered into the Negotiated Deals Advertising Board is matched, the trade will be executed on Negotiated Deals Board, subject to the approval of the Exchange. System opens Non trading session Opening session (trades) Normal session Lunch break Normal session Trades for calculating the settlement prices (the last n minutes of normal session) Settlement prices calculation & publication On close matching Closing session After session trades finish: System closes Orders shall be submitted in three different boards in the Market as Main Board, Negotiated Deals Board and Negotiated Deals Advertising Board. 3.1.1 Main Board This is the main board where the orders are matched during the normal session and fixing sessions. 3.1.2 Negotiated Deals and Negotiated Deals Advertising Boards These are boards defined separately for contracts, where high quantity orders may be traded other than the Main Board. Negotiated deals where both sides are identified shall be traded on the Negotiated Deals Board, subject to the approval of the Exchange. 2 3.1 Boards Orders shall not be matched partially on these markets. Implementation of price and time priority rule at the Negotiated Deals Advertising Board is subject to the rules specified below: a) Price and time priority rule shall prevail when there is more than one advertising order at identical volumes. b) In case of existence of multiple advertising orders at different volumes, price and time priority does not apply. Automatic order matching does not apply to negotiated deals. Exchange approval is needed for order matching on the Negotiated Deals Board. The related Exchange approval may be given automatically. If the Exchange does not approve, such transactions may not be executed and relevant negotiated deals shall be cancelled. Operations of negotiated deals are executed during normal session of relevant contracts. Negotiated deals can be entered only by firm manager via trading workplace. It is not entered via VIOPAPI interface. 3.2.1 Non-Trading Period The period between the time when the trading system is turned on and the start of the normal session or, if there is an opening session, until the start of the opening session, is called the non-trading period. During the non-trading period, the system will be up and running whereas order entries and execution of trades shall not be allowed. During this period users may; a) connect to the trading system, b) perform inquiries, c) cancel good till cancelled orders or good till date orders carried over from the previous days, d) reduce the quantities on the good till cancelled or good till date carried over from the previous days and/or replace their prices (lower price for buy orders and higher price for sell orders), e) create a batch order file to be entered to the trading system. 3

3.2.2 The Normal Session Normal session is the session where trades are executed based on continuous auctioning trading method, according to price and time priority rule. A single session called normal session is held for all contracts and trading is paused between 12.30-13.55 hours. The last 10 minutes of the normal session is called closing period. Normal Session hours of the contracts are given in the table below: Session Hours Contracts Single Stock Futures and Options Contracts Index Futures and Options Contracts Following the normal session, upon announcement of the settlement prices, on-close orders are matched by the trading system as well. Such trades shall be included in normal session trades. 3.2.3 The Fixing Session Normal Session Hours Lunch Break 09:10-17:40 12:30-13:55 09:10-17:45 12:30-13:55 Other Contracts 09:10-17:45 N/A Fixing sessions may be held for one or more contracts and boards before, after or during the normal session. It is possible to hold the fixing sessions over the course of the daily workflow before the opening of the normal session, during the normal session and after the close of the normal session which are respectively called as pre-opening session, fixing session and closing session. In case fixing sessions are to be held, the Exchange shall announce the hours and the length of such fixing sessions in advance. It is not possible to have access to the price and depth information on the order book of the relevant contract (contracts) during the fixing sessions. Unmatched orders entered during such sessions shall be automatically cancelled by the system at the end of the session. Orders entered during the normal session shall not be valid in the fixing sessions. Single price method shall be used in fixing sessions. Only limit and market orders shall be entered in fixing sessions. 3.2.4 Lunch Break There is a lunch break between 12:30 and 13:55 for the related contracts. During the lunch break member representatives can; perform inquiries, cancel session, day, good till cancelled or good till date orders, create a batch order file to be entered to the trading system, perform correction of error trades. 3.2.5 Announcement of the Settlement Prices Settlement prices for the relevant trading day will be announced following the end of the session. 3.3 Trading Methods Two different trading methods called continuous auction and call auction shall be used in the Market. 3.3.1 The Continuous Auction Method In this method, orders are matched based on the prices that form as a result of matching the orders conveyed to the trading system in accordance with price and time priority rules. This method shall be used during the normal session. 3.3.2 The Call Auction Method In the call auction method, orders conveyed to the trading system are clustered for a pre-determined period and at the end of that period trades are executed based on the equilibrium price, which will allow the execution of highest volume, in accordance with price and time priority rules. Only limit orders are taken into consideration in determining the equilibrium price. Following the matching of limit orders, market orders firstly match with the other limit orders at the equilibrium price, and then with the other market orders. This method is used in fixing sessions. 4 5

3.4 Orders 3.4.1 Order Submission Orders are sent to the trading system by the Market members in a proper way as regulated by the Exchange, through the trading terminals placed in the remote access points defined in the Exchange regulations, VIOPAPI or VIOPFIX terminals allocated to the members. Provisions regarding order submission via telephone in emergency cases are determined and announced by the Exchange separately. 3.4.2 Obligation to Enter Account Number at Order Entry It is obligatory to indicate account number at order entry. In order that an order can be sent for an account, such account must have been opened within the Clearing House and sent to the Exchange by the Clearing House before the trading system is opened at a trading day. Three accounts shall be defined in the trading system; trading account, depository account and trading and depository account. The account, through which orders are entered is the trading account, and orders and trades can be traced on the basis of trading accounts. The positions that occur as result of transactions are kept in the depository account associated with the relevant trading account. While a trading account is associated with one depository account only, a depository account can be associated with more than one trading account. Risk monitoring and collateral management are carried out on depository account basis. It is possible to open a trading account and depository accounts in different members, in which case, members that have a trading account will not see the positions of the depository account to which the trading account is associated, and members that have a depository account will not see the orders and transaction information of 6 the trading account but it may be possible for members that have depository accounts to receive the transaction information and/or orders of the associated trading accounts based on the rules defined by the Exchange. The risk and margin obligations of the positions that occur due to the orders entered by the trading accounts lie with the member that holds the depository account. Member representatives may enter orders only in the trading account assisgned for them. An account may be assigned for more than one trader by the firm manager. There are four types of accounts in the trading system, namely, portfolio, client, global, and market maker. It is the responsibility of the member to open the accounts taking into consideration the required account type. Global accounts are those through which more than one client trade using a single account, and orders entered through such accounts should indicate whether they are offset trades. 3.4.3 Batch Order File A batch order file may be prepared by member representatives during the non-trading period, normal session or fixing sessions. Previously created batch order files may only be sent to the system during the normal session or the fixing session. The system conducts all kinds of controls regarding the orders based on the session type while such orders are being sent to the system. As a result of the control process, invalid orders shall be marked and shall not be sent to the system. Such marked orders may either be cancelled or redirected to the system after relevant corrections are made. A batch order file may contain a maximum of 50 orders. Orders contained in a batch order file may be sent into the system one at a time or in groups or in a single batch. Batch orders may be created for different accounts, contracts and order durations, order type and order methods. 7

3.4.3 Orders Orders are matched according to price and time priority. Orders Order Methods Limit Orders (LMT) Market Orders (PYS) On Close Orders (KAP) Order Types Keep Remainder Orders (KPY) Fill or Kill Orders (GİE) Fill and Kill Orders (KİE) Market Contingent Orders (SAR) Strategy Orders All or None (AON) One Cancels the Other (OCO) One Activates the Other (OAO) Duration of Orders Session Orders (SNS) Day Orders (GUN) Good-Till-Cancelled Orders (IKG) Good-Till-Date Orders (TAR) On-close orders shall be matched with the pending on-close orders. After the pending on-close orders at buy and sell sides are matched and remaining unfulfilled on-close orders shall match with the normal session orders that meet the settlement price. On close orders may be entered on the system by using the order types Keep Remainder and Session orders. Unmatched on close orders are cancelled at the end of session. For SNS and GUN orders, the daily price limits prevail. If IKG or TAR type of order is selected, orders with prices outside the daily price limit can be entered. Such orders will be traded when they fall within the daily price limit. 8 9

3.4.4 Maximum Order Sizes The trading system checks the prices and quantity of the orders when they are being entered into the system. Orders that are not in compliance with the properties of the current session may not be entered into the system. Maximum order sizes change according to the boards, the last weighted average price or the closing price (value) of the underlying asset. Maximum order size is determined on the basis of the weighted average price of the session for single stock futures and options, and the closing price for other futures and options contracts. Maximum order size is checked for all types of orders entered in the trading system. The minimum and maximum order sizes applicable in the Market are as follows: Order Sizes for Single Stock Futures and Options Board Underlying Asset Weighted Average Price (Closing Price) <25 TRY Underlying Asset Weighted Average Price (Closing Price) >=25 TRY Main Board (Minimum Order Quantity) 1 1 Main Board (Maximum Order Quantity) 5,000 2,500 Negotiated Deals and Negotiated Deals Advertising Boards (Minimum Order Quantity) Negotiated Deals and Negotiated Deals Advertising Boards (Maximum Order Quantity) 5,000 2,500 10,000 5,000 Board Index Contracts Mini Index Contracts Currency and USD/ Ounce Gold Contracts Gold Contracts Other Contracts Main Board (Minimum Order Quantity) 1 1 1 1 1 Main Board (Maximum Order Quantity) 2.000 200.000 5.000 500.000 2.000 Negotiated Deals and Negotiated Deals Advertising Boards (Minimum Order Quantity) Negotiated Deals and Negotiated Deals Advertising Boards (Maximum Order Quantity) 2.000 200.000 5.000 500.000 2.000 4.000 400.000 10.000 1.000.000 4.000 10 11

3.4.5 Order Amendment Unmatched orders or unmatched portion of the partially matched limit orders may be amended by the relevant representatives at any time. Traders may amend solely their own orders whereas Firm Managers may amend all orders of the Members they are affiliated with. While information provided in certain fields may not be amended as being the main element of an order, information provided in other fields may be amended. In the table below (Table 4) amendable fields and whether or not the time priority would still remain in effect after the amendments are indicated. Table 4: Order Amendment Field Amendable/Not Amendable Average Price (Closing Price) <25 TRY Board Not amendable - Contract Not amendable - Trading Account Not amendable - Time Priority Offsetting Amendable Does remain in effect Order Methods (LMT/PYS/KAP) Only limit orders may be converted Does not remain in effect into market orders. Price Amendable Does not remain in effect Best Price May be selected while limit order is Does remain in effect converted into a market order. Market/ market contingent orders may be converted into best price orders. Quantity May only be reduced Does remain in effect Order Types (KPY/GIE/KIE/SAR) Not amendable - Activation Price Amendable It shall place as the last order among the orders pending at the same activation price. Date Amendable Does remain in effect Duration Amendable Does remain in effect Broker Ref Amendable Does remain in effect Comment Amendable Does remain in effect Good-Till-Cancelled orders or Good-Till-Date orders may be amended during the non-trading period prior to the opening of the normal session. However, prices may only be amended with worse off prices during this period. Orders that link to All or None strategy order group may not be amended, but may be cancelled. 3.4.6 Order Cancellation Unmatched orders or unmatched portion of the partially matched orders in the trading system may be cancelled by the Member placing such order during time period specified in the workflow. Traders may cancel solely their own orders whereas Firm Managers may cancel all orders of the Members they are affiliated with and authorized Borsa İstanbul personnel may cancel all of the orders in the trading system. A Order Cancellation Fee shall be paid based on the nominal value of the voluntarily cancelled orders by Member Representatives. Market maker members are held exempted from Order Cancelation Fee for the contracts they are responsible as a market maker. This provision shall not apply for BIST 30 futures contracts. Open orders on an underlying asset of accounts will be cancelled by trading system when the position limits are exceeded at client level or at market level. Open orders for the trading accounts that have turned risky will be cancelled by the system regardless of whether they are offsetting or not. Good-Till-Cancelled or Good-Till-Date orders of members whose trading authorization has been suspended or terminated will be deleted from the system by the Exchange with no further notification. 3.4.7 Provisions Regarding the Orders Submitted by Risky Accounts Orders entered from trading accounts associated with risky depository accounts will be allowed to the system with a different status code and will not be sent for matching. Instead these orders will be sent to Takasbank to be checked whether they decrease the riskiness or not. Orders which are not increasing the riskiness of a risky account or maintenance margin will be accepted to the Trading System with the approval of Takasbank, otherwise rejected. If the order is accepted, its status code will be updated and it is sent for matching. Risk status of the relevant account will also be updated and any changes in risk status will be notified to the trading system by a message. The risk status of the trading accounts associated with the relevant depository account will be updated by the Exchange. All open orders for the trading accounts that have turned risky will be cancelled by the system. Orders submitted by the risky account are sent to be checked. Risky accounts may have only one order waiting in the system. Risky accounts can only submit limit orders, and market contingent orders cannot be used by these accounts. Orders waiting for the risk check can be cancelled by member representatives and the Exchange. Orders which are waiting for the risk check or which are accepted after the risk check cannot be amended. Correction of error trades cannot be performed for the risky accounts. Negotiated orders cannot be submitted by the risky accounts, and open negotiated deal orders are cancelled as soon as the account becomes risky. 12 13

3.5 Correction of Error Trades 3.6 Position Limits The workflow concerning the correction of error trades executed faulty as a result of the mistyped account numbers for the orders placed on the trading system shall be conducted on trading workplace by member/s user that has firm manager authorization. The correction of error trades is the process of new transactions to allow to the position transfer to another account by member/s user that has firm manager authorization and transferring open orders to related account if available. Clearing Legislation shall be applied regarding position limits, exceeding position limits and liquidation only trades. Position limits at market level are monitored on underlying asset basis. In the event that the open interests in an underlying asset exceed the upper limit, offset transactions will be required for all contracts written on the underlying asset. When the positions fall below the specified limit, the requirement for offset transactions will be removed. Without prejudice to the provisions of position transfer, the correction of error trades between accounts of different members shall not be conducted. All trades that belong to one order shall be corrected as a whole, not partially. The correction of error trade shall not be carried out after the announcement of daily settlement prices and for trades relating to previous trading day. The correction of error trade shall not be made if the mistyped account and/or the account to be transferred are risky or suspended. The correction of error trade shall not be made if the related contract, board, market or the underlying is halted. Trades as a result of negotiated deals shall not be subject to the correction of error trades. The responsibility of fulfilling a margin need that may occur in the relevant account arising from error trade correction is taken by member that is requested error trade correction. 14 15

3.6.1 Offset Positions Principles The members are required to take only offsetting positions in the trading system when offsetting transactions are obligatory. Orders to offset position are evaluated on contract basis along with open orders in the system and open positions. Orders to offset positions should be aimed to liquidate the positions held. For a contract, a buy order will not be entered in an account held a long position, and a sell order will not be entered in an account held a short position. On the other hand, sell orders larger than the position quantity will not be entered in an account held a long position in a contract, and buy orders larger than the position quantity will not be entered in an account held a short position in a contract. 3.7 Settlement Price Committee and Corporate Action Committee Borsa İstanbul Executive Management shall establish a Settlement Price Committee for the contracts traded on the Market. The daily settlement price will be determined by the Exchange in accordance with the methods envisaged in Circular on Futures and Options Market, following the end of the normal session. The Committee may determine a new price in accordance with the methods envisaged in the contract. Borsa İstanbul Executive Management may accept the determined prices as they are or change such prices. On the other hand the last settlement price of the contracts traded on the Market may be corrected by a Committee decision as envisaged in the Circular. Besides Settlement Price Committee, Borsa İstanbul Executive Management shall establish a Corporate Actions Committee for the contracts traded on the Market. The adjustments on the price and other features of the relevant contracts in accordance with the Corporate Actions Circular are reflected to the contracts. In the case of any rejections or uncertainties on reflecting the adjustments of corporate actions on the relevant contracts prices and other features, Committee shall decide the adjustments and other features of the relevant contracts. Borsa İstanbul Executive Management may accept the Committee decisions as they are or change such decisions. 16 17

3.8 Miscellaneous 3.8.1 Data Dissemination Orders in the trading system may be monitored via the inquiry screens that include market depth data such as market by level and market by order. Furthermore, the price and depth information relating to pending orders in the trading system for each contract may be disseminated on a real time or delayed basis through distributors. Principles concerning the dissemination of price and depth information are determined by Borsa İstanbul Executive Management. To see the list of our licenced data distributors; http://www.borsaistanbul.com/en/data/data-dissemination/data-vendors-directory 3.8.2 Trading Fees Trading Fee For the contracts written on equity index, the trading fee is 0.004% of the premium value for option contracts and the traded value for futures contracts. For the contracts other than equity index contracts, the trading fee is 0.003% of the premium value for option contracts and the traded value for futures contracts. Voluntary Order Cancellation Fee In case the nominal value of the orders cancelled in a month will exceeds 50% of the total trading volume accomplished by the Member, 0.001% of the nominal value of the amount exceeding 50% of the total trading value is collected as the Voluntary Order Cancellation Fee. Correction of Error Trade Fee At correction of error trades, 0.01% of the nominal value of the error trades as a correction of error trade fee besides the collecting of exchange fee for the corrected transaction. 3.8.3 Exchange Bulletin The Exchange publishes the exchange bulletin electronically at the end of the trading day. The bulletin includes information of the contracts traded or the contracts with open interest including the opening, the closing, low, high, weighted average price, settlement price, previous settlement price, price change, traded value, traded volume, number of trades, option premium value, number of open interests, and change in open interest. To see further data provided by the Exchange; http://www.borsaistanbul.com/en/data/data/futures-and-options-market-data 3.8.4 Members 18 Membership with the Exchange is necessary for trading at the Market. As envisaged in the Clearing Legislation, Market members may be general central counterparty member or direct central counterparty member or they may receive clearing guarantee from a general central counterparty member. To see our market makers; http://www.borsaistanbul.com/en/products-and-markets/markets/futures-and-options-market/market-making 19

Risk Management, 4 Margining, Clearing Risk management in the Market is carried out by Takasbank. Trades executed in the Market are subject to portfolio based margining method. Takasbank uses Standard Portfolio Analysis of Risk (SPAN) algorithm for portfolio based margining. Parameters constituting the basis for portfolio based margining calculation shall be determined and announced by Takasbank. Clearing Legislation shall be applied regarding risk management, pre-order risk management, margining and clearing method. For further information regarding risk management, margining or clearing issues, please see; http://www.takasbank.com.tr/en/ Pages/Procedures.aspx For further information regarding VIOP, please visit; http://www.borsaistanbul.com/en/products-and-markets/markets/futures-and-options-market For ISIN Codes of the VIOP Contracts, please visit; https://www.takasbank.com.tr/en/pages/isinlists.aspx?listid=isin 20 21

November 2014 To view this brochure on the web /borsaistanbulen /borsaistanbul /borsaistanbul