CHAPTER 6 ACCOUNTING AND THE TIME VALUE OF MONEY MULTIPLE CHOICE Conceptual 21. Which of the following transactions would require the use of the present value of an annuity due concept in order to calculate the present value of the asset obtained or liability owed at the date of incurrence? a. A capital lease is entered into with the initial lease payment due upon the signing of the lease agreement. b. A capital lease is entered into with the initial lease payment due one month subse-quent to the signing of the lease agreement. c. A ten-year 8% bond is issued on January 2 with interest payable semiannually on July 1 and January 1 yielding 7%. d. A ten-year 8% bond is issued on January 2 with interest payable semiannually on July 1 and January 1 yielding 9%. 22. What best describes the time value of money? a. The interest rate charged on a loan. b. Accounts receivable that are determined uncollectible. c. An investment in a checking account. d. The relationship between time and money. 23. Which of the following situations does NOT base an accounting measure on present values? a. Pensions. b. Prepaid insurance. c. Leases. d. Sinking funds.
6-2 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 24. What is interest? a. Payment for the use of money. b. An equity investment. c. Return on capital. d. Loan. 25. What is NOT a variable that is considered in interest computations? a. Principal. b. Interest rate. c. Assets. d. Time. 26. If you invest $50,000 to earn 8% interest, which of the following compounding approaches would return the lowest amount after one year? a. Daily. b. Monthly. c. Quarterly. d. Annually. 27. Which factor would be greater the present value of $1 for 10 periods at 8% per period or the future value of $1 for 10 periods at 8% per period? a. Present value of $1 for 10 periods at 8% per period. b. Future value of $1 for 10 periods at 8% per period. c. The factors are the same. d. Need more information. 28. Which of the following tables would show the smallest value for an interest rate of 5% for six periods? a. Future value of 1 b. Present value of 1 c. Future value of an ordinary annuity of 1 d. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 29. Which table would you use to determine how much you would need to have deposited three years ago at 10% compounded annually in order to have $1,000 today? a. Future value of 1 or present value of 1 b. Future value of an annuity due of 1 c. Future value of an ordinary annuity of 1 d. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 30. Which table would you use to determine how much must be deposited now in order to provide for 5 annual withdrawals at the beginning of each year, starting one year hence? a. Future value of an ordinary annuity of 1 b. Future value of an annuity due of 1 c. Present value of an annuity due of 1 d. None of these 31. Which table has a factor of 1.00000 for 1 period at every interest rate? a. Future value of 1 b. Present value of 1 c. Future value of an ordinary annuity of 1 d. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-3 32. Which table would show the largest factor for an interest rate of 8% for five periods? a. Future value of an ordinary annuity of 1 b. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 c. Future value of an annuity due of 1 d. Present value of an annuity due of 1 33. Which of the following tables would show the smallest factor for an interest rate of 10% for six periods? a. Future value of an ordinary annuity of 1 b. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 c. Future value of an annuity due of 1 d. Present value of an annuity due of 1 34. The figure.94232 is taken from the column marked 2% and the row marked three periods in a certain interest table. From what interest table is this figure taken? a. Future value of 1 b. Future value of annuity of 1 c. Present value of 1 d. Present value of annuity of 1 S 35. Which of the following tables would show the largest value for an interest rate of 10% for 8 periods? a. Future amount of 1 table. b. Present value of 1 table. c. Future amount of an ordinary annuity of 1 table. d. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 table. S 36. S 37. On June 1, 2010, Pitts Company sold some equipment to Gannon Company. The two companies entered into an installment sales contract at a rate of 8%. The contract required 8 equal annual payments with the first payment due on June 1, 2010. What type of compound interest table is appropriate for this situation? a. Present value of an annuity due of 1 table. b. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 table. c. Future amount of an ordinary annuity of 1 table. d. Future amount of 1 table. Which of the following transactions would best use the present value of an annuity due of 1 table? a. Fernetti, Inc. rents a truck for 5 years with annual rental payments of $20,000 to be made at the beginning of each year. b. Edmiston Co. rents a warehouse for 7 years with annual rental payments of $120,000 to be made at the end of each year. c. Durant, Inc. borrows $20,000 and has agreed to pay back the principal plus interest in three years. d. Babbitt, Inc. wants to deposit a lump sum to accumulate $50,000 for the construction of a new parking lot in 4 years.
6-4 P 38. P 39. Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition A series of equal receipts at equal intervals of time when each receipt is received at the beginning of each time period is called an a. ordinary annuity. b. annuity in arrears. c. annuity due. d. unearned receipt. In the time diagram below, which concept is being depicted? PV 0 1 $1 2 $1 3 $1 4 $1 a. Present value of an ordinary annuity b. Present value of an annuity due c. Future value of an ordinary annuity d. Future value of an annuity due P 40. On December 1, 2010, Richards Company sold some machinery to Fleming Company. The two companies entered into an installment sales contract at a predetermined interest rate. The contract required four equal annual payments with the first payment due on December 1, 2010, the date of the sale. What present value concept is appropriate for this situation? a. Future amount of an annuity of 1 for four periods b. Future amount of 1 for four periods c. Present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 for four periods d. Present value of an annuity due of 1 for four periods. 41. An amount is deposited for eight years at 8%. If compounding occurs quarterly, then the table value is found at a. 8% for eight periods. b. 2% for eight periods. c. 8% for 32 periods. d. 2% for 32 periods. 42. If the number of periods is known, the interest rate is determined by a. dividing the future value by the present value and looking for the quotient in the future value of 1 table. b. dividing the future value by the present value and looking for the quotient in the present value of 1 table. c. dividing the present value by the future value and looking for the quotient in the future value of 1 table. d. multiplying the present value by the future value and looking for the product in the present value of 1 table.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-5 43. Present value is a. the value now of a future amount. b. the amount that must be invested now to produce a known future value. c. always smaller than the future value. d. all of these. P 44. Which of the following statements is true? a. The higher the discount rate, the higher the present value. b. The process of accumulating interest on interest is referred to as discounting. c. If money is worth 10% compounded annually, $1,100 due one year from today is equivalent to $1,000 today. d. If a single sum is due on December 31, 2010, the present value of that sum decreases as the date draws closer to December 31, 2010. 45. What is the primary difference between an ordinary annuity and an annuity due? a. The timing of the periodic payment. b. The interest rate. c. Annuity due only relates to present values. d. Ordinary annuity only relates to present values. 46. What is the relationship between the future value of one and the present value of one? a. The present value of one equals the future value of one plus one. b. The present value of one equals one plus future value factor for n-1 periods. c. The present value of one equals one divided by the future value of one. d. The present value of one equals one plus the future value factor for n+1 value 47. Peter invests $100,000 in a 3-year certificate of deposit earning 3.5% at his local bank. Which time value concept would be used to determine the maturity value of the certificate? a. Present value of one. b. Future value of one. c. Present value of an annuity due. d. Future value of an ordinary annuity. 48. Jerry recently was offered a position with a major accounting firm. The firm offered Jerry either a signing bonus of $23,000 payable on the first day of work or a signing bonus of $26,000 payable after one year of employment. Assuming that the relevant interest rate is 10%, which option should Jerry choose? a. The options are equivalent. b. Insufficient information to determine. c. The signing bonus of $23,000 payable on the first day of work. d. The signing bonus of $26,000 payable after one year of employment. 49. If Jethro wanted to save a set amount each month in order to buy a new pick-up truck when the new models are next available, which time value concept would be used to determine the monthly payment? a. Present value of one. b. Future value of one. c. Present value of an annuity due. d. Future value of an ordinary annuity.
6-6 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 50. Betty wants to know how much she should begin saving each month to fund her retirement. What kind of problem is this? a. Present value of one. b. Future value of an ordinary annuity. c. Present value of an ordinary. d. Future value of one. P 51 If the interest rate is 10%, the factor for the future value of annuity due of 1 for n = 5, i = 10% is equal to the factor for the future value of an ordinary annuity of 1 for n = 5, i = 10% a. plus 1.10. b. minus 1.10. c. multiplied by 1.10. d. divided by 1.10. 52. Which of the following is true? a. Rents occur at the beginning of each period of an ordinary annuity. b. Rents occur at the end of each period of an annuity due. c. Rents occur at the beginning of each period of an annuity due. d. None of these. 53. Which statement is false? a. The factor for the future value of an annuity due is found by multiplying the ordinary annuity table value by one plus the interest rate. b. The factor for the present value of an annuity due is found by multiplying the ordinary annuity table value by one minus the interest rate. c. The factor for the future value of an annuity due is found by subtracting 1.00000 from the ordinary annuity table value for one more period. d. The factor for the present value of an annuity due is found by adding 1.00000 to the ordinary annuity table value for one less period. 54. Al Darby wants to withdraw $20,000 (including principal) from an investment fund at the end of each year for five years. How should he compute his required initial investment at the beginning of the first year if the fund earns 10% compounded annually? a. $20,000 times the future value of a 5-year, 10% ordinary annuity of 1. b. $20,000 divided by the future value of a 5-year, 10% ordinary annuity of 1. c. $20,000 times the present value of a 5-year, 10% ordinary annuity of 1. d. $20,000 divided by the present value of a 5-year, 10% ordinary annuity of 1. 55. Sue Gray wants to invest a certain sum of money at the end of each year for five years. The investment will earn 6% compounded annually. At the end of five years, she will need a total of $40,000 accumulated. How should she compute her required annual invest-ment? a. $40,000 times the future value of a 5-year, 6% ordinary annuity of 1. b. $40,000 divided by the future value of a 5-year, 6% ordinary annuity of 1. c. $40,000 times the present value of a 5-year, 6% ordinary annuity of 1. d. $40,000 divided by the present value of a 5-year, 6% ordinary annuity of 1.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-7 56. An accountant wishes to find the present value of an annuity of $1 payable at the beginning of each period at 10% for eight periods. The accountant has only one present value table which shows the present value of an annuity of $1 payable at the end of each period. To compute the present value, the accountant would use the present value factor in the 10% column for a. seven periods. b. eight periods and multiply by (1 +.10). c. eight periods. d. nine periods and multiply by (1.10). 57. If an annuity due and an ordinary annuity have the same number of equal payments and the same interest rates, then a. the present value of the annuity due is less than the present value of the ordinary annuity. b. the present value of the annuity due is greater than the present value of the ordinary annuity. c. the future value of the annuity due is equal to the future value of the ordinary annuity. d. the future value of the annuity due is less than the future value of the ordinary annuity. 58. What is the relationship between the present value factor of an ordinary annuity and the present value factor of an annuity due for the same interest rate? a. The ordinary annuity factor is not related to the annuity due factor. b. The annuity due factor equals one plus the ordinary annuity factor for n 1 periods. c. The ordinary annuity factor equals one plus the annuity due factor for n+1 periods. d. The annuity due factor equals the ordinary annuity factor for n+1 periods minus one. 59. Paula purchased a house for $300,000. After providing a 20% down payment, she borrowed the balance from the local savings and loan under a 30-year 6% mortgage loan requiring equal monthly installments at the end of each month. Which time value concept would be used to determine the monthly payment? a. Present value of one. b. Future value of one. c. Present value of an ordinary annuity. d. Future value of an ordinary annuity. 60. Stemway requires a new manufacturing facility. Management found three locations; all of which would provide needed capacity, the only difference is the price. Location A may be purchased for $500,000. Location B may be acquired with a down payment of $100,000 and annual payments at the end of each of the next twenty years of $50,000. Location C requires $40,000 payments at the beginning of each of the next twenty-five years. Assuming Stemway's borrowing costs are 8% per annum, which option is the least costly to the company? a. Location A. b. Location B. c. Location C. d. Location A and Location B.
6-8 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 61. Which of the following is false? a. The future value of a deferred annuity is the same as the future value of an annuity not deferred. b. A deferred annuity is an annuity in which the rents begin after a specified number of periods. c. To compute the present value of a deferred annuity, we compute the present value of an ordinary annuity of 1 for the entire period and subtract the present value of the rents which were not received during the deferral period. d. If the first rent is received at the end of the sixth period, it means the ordinary annuity is deferred for six periods. CHAPTER 13 CURRENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENCIES MULTIPLE CHOICE Conceptual 21. Liabilities are a. any accounts having credit balances after closing entries are made. b. deferred credits that are recognized and measured in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. c. obligations to transfer ownership shares to other entities in the future. d. obligations arising from past transactions and payable in assets or services in the future. 22. Which of the following is a current liability? a. A long-term debt maturing currently, which is to be paid with cash in a sinking fund b. A long-term debt maturing currently, which is to be retired with proceeds from a new debt issue c. A long-term debt maturing currently, which is to be converted into common stock d. None of these 23. Which of the following is true about accounts payable? 1. Accounts payable should not be reported at their present value. 2. When accounts payable are recorded at the net amount, a Purchase Discounts account will be used. 3. When accounts payable are recorded at the gross amount, a Purchase Discounts Lost account will be used. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. Both 2 and 3 are true. 24. Among the short-term obligations of Lance Company as of December 31, the balance sheet date, are notes payable totaling $250,000 with the Madison National Bank. These are 90-
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-9 day notes, renewable for another 90-day period. These notes should be classified on the balance sheet of Lance Company as a. current liabilities. b. deferred charges. c. long-term liabilities. d. intermediate debt. 25. Which of the following is not true about the discount on short-term notes payable? a. The Discount on Notes Payable account has a debit balance. b. The Discount on Notes Payable account should be reported as an asset on the balance sheet. c. When there is a discount on a note payable, the effective interest rate is higher than the stated discount rate. d. All of these are true. 26. Which of the following may be a current liability? a. Withheld Income Taxes b. Deposits Received from Customers c. Deferred Revenue d. All of these 27. Which of the following items is a current liability? a. Bonds (for which there is an adequate sinking fund properly classified as a long-term investment) due in three months. b. Bonds due in three years. c. Bonds (for which there is an adequate appropriation of retained earnings) due in eleven months. d. Bonds to be refunded when due in eight months, there being no doubt about the marketability of the refunding issue. 28. Which of the following should not be included in the current liabilities section of the balance sheet? a. Trade notes payable b. Short-term zero-interest-bearing notes payable c. The discount on short-term notes payable d. All of these are included 29. Which of the following is a current liability? a. Preferred dividends in arrears b. A dividend payable in the form of additional shares of stock c. A cash dividend payable to preferred stockholders d. All of these 30. Stock dividends distributable should be classified on the a. income statement as an expense. b. balance sheet as an asset. c. balance sheet as a liability. d. balance sheet as an item of stockholders' equity.
6-10 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 31. Of the following items, the only one which should not be classified as a current liability is a. current maturities of long-term debt. b. sales taxes payable. c. short-term obligations expected to be refinanced. d. unearned revenues. 32. An account which would be classified as a current liability is a. dividends payable in the company's stock. b. accounts payable debit balances. c. losses expected to be incurred within the next twelve months in excess of the company's insurance coverage. d. none of these. 33. Which of the following is a characteristic of a current liability but not a long-term liability? a. Unavoidable obligation. b. Present obligation that entails settlement by probable future transfer or use of cash, goods, or services. c. Liquidation is reasonably expected to require use of existing resources classified as current assets or create other current liabilities. d. Transaction or other event creating the liability has already occurred. 34. Which of the following is not considered a part of the definition of a liability? a. Unavoidable obligation. b. Transaction or other event creating the liability has already occurred. c. Present obligation that entails settlement by probable future transfer or use of cash, goods, or services. d. Liquidation is reasonably expected to require use of existing resources classified as current assets or create other current liabilities. 35. Why is the liability section of the balance sheet of primary importance to bankers? a. To evaluate the entity's credit quality. b. To assist in understanding the entity's liquidity. c. To better understand sources of repayment. d. To evaluate operating efficiency. 36. What is the relationship between current liabilities and a company's operating cycle? a. Liquidation of current liabilities is reasonably expected within the company's operating cycle (or one year if less). b. Current liabilities are the result of operating transactions. c. Current liabilities can't exceed the amount incurred in one operating cycle. d. There is no relationship between the two. 37. What is the relationship between present value and the concept of a liability? a. Present values are used to measure certain liabilities. b. Present values are not used to measure liabilities. c. Present values are used to measure all liabilities. d. Present values are only used to measure long-term liabilities.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-11 38. What is a discount as it relates to zero-interest-bearing notes payable? a. The discount represents the lender's costs to underwrite the note. b. The discount represents the credit quality of the borrower. c. The discount represents the cost of borrowing. d. The discount represents the allowance for uncollectible amounts. 39. Where is debt callable by the creditor reported on the debtor's financial statements? a. Long-term liability. b. Current liability if the creditor intends to call the debt within the year, otherwise a longterm liability. c. Current liability if it is probable that creditor will call the debt within the year, otherwise a long-term liability. d. Current liability. 40. Which of the following is not a condition necessary to exclude a short-term obligation from current liabilities? a. Intend to refinance the obligation on a long-term basis. b. Obligation must be due with one year. c. Demonstrate the ability to complete the refinancing. d. Subsequently refinance the obligation on a long-term basis. 41. Which of the following does not demonstrate evidence regarding the ability to consummate a refinancing of short-term debt? a. Management indicated that they are going to refinance the obligation. b. Actually refinance the obligation. c. Have capacity under existing financing agreements that can be used to refinance the obligation. d. Enter into a financing agreement that clearly permits the entity to refinance the obligation. 42. A company has not declared a dividend on its cumulative preferred stock for the past three years. What is the required accounting treatment or disclosure in this situation? a. Record a liability for cumulative amount of preferred stock dividends not declared. b. Disclose the amount of the dividends in arrears. c. Record a liability for the current year's dividends only. d. No disclosure or recognition is required. 43. Which of the following situations may give rise to unearned revenue? a. Providing trade credit to customers. b. Selling inventory. c. Selling magazine subscriptions. d. Providing manufacturer warranties. 44. Which of the following statements is correct? a. A company may exclude a short-term obligation from current liabilities if the firm intends to refinance the obligation on a long-term basis. b. A company may exclude a short-term obligation from current liabilities if the firm can demonstrate an ability to consummate a refinancing. c. A company may exclude a short-term obligation from current liabilities if it is paid off after the balance sheet date and subsequently replaced by long-term debt before the balance sheet is issued. d. None of these.
6-12 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 45. The ability to consummate the refinancing of a short-term obligation may be demonstrated by a. actually refinancing the obligation by issuing a long-term obligation after the date of the balance sheet but before it is issued. b. entering into a financing agreement that permits the enterprise to refinance the debt on a long-term basis. c. actually refinancing the obligation by issuing equity securities after the date of the balance sheet but before it is issued. d. all of these. 46. Which of the following statements is false? a. A company may exclude a short-term obligation from current liabilities if the firm intends to refinance the obligation on a long-term basis and demonstrates an ability to complete the refinancing. b. Cash dividends should be recorded as a liability when they are declared by the board of directors. c. Under the cash basis method, warranty costs are charged to expense as they are paid. d. FICA taxes withheld from employees' payroll checks should never be recorded as a liability since the employer will eventually remit the amounts withheld to the appropriate taxing authority. 47. Which of the following is not a correct statement about sales taxes? a. Sales taxes are an expense of the seller. b. Many companies record sales taxes in the sales account. c. If sales taxes are included in the sales account, the first step to find the amount of sales taxes is to divide sales by 1 plus the sales tax rate. d. All of these are true. S 48. S 49. P 50. If a short-term obligation is excluded from current liabilities because of refinancing, the footnote to the financial statements describing this event should include all of the following information except a. a general description of the financing arrangement. b. the terms of the new obligation incurred or to be incurred. c. the terms of any equity security issued or to be issued. d. the number of financing institutions that refused to refinance the debt, if any. In accounting for compensated absences, the difference between vested rights and accumulated rights is a. vested rights are normally for a longer period of employment than are accumulated rights. b. vested rights are not contingent upon an employee's future service. c. vested rights are a legal and binding obligation on the company, whereas accumulated rights expire at the end of the accounting period in which they arose. d. vested rights carry a stipulated dollar amount that is owed to the employee; accumulated rights do not represent monetary compensation. An employee's net (or take-home) pay is determined by gross earnings minus amounts for income tax withholdings and the employee's a. portion of FICA taxes and unemployment taxes. b. and employer's portion of FICA taxes, and unemployment taxes. c. portion of FICA taxes, unemployment taxes, and any voluntary deductions. d. portion of FICA taxes and any voluntary deductions.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-13 51. Which of these is not included in an employer's payroll tax expense? a. F.I.C.A. (social security) taxes b. Federal unemployment taxes c. State unemployment taxes d. Federal income taxes 52. Which of the following is a condition for accruing a liability for the cost of compensation for future absences? a. The obligation relates to the rights that vest or accumulate. b. Payment of the compensation is probable. c. The obligation is attributable to employee services already performed. d. All of these are conditions for the accrual. 53. A liability for compensated absences such as vacations, for which it is expected that employees will be paid, should a. be accrued during the period when the compensated time is expected to be used by employees. b. be accrued during the period following vesting. c. be accrued during the period when earned. d. not be accrued unless a written contractual obligation exists. 54. The amount of the liability for compensated absences should be based on 1. the current rates of pay in effect when employees earn the right to compensated absences. 2. the future rates of pay expected to be paid when employees use compensated time. 3. the present value of the amount expected to be paid in future periods. a. 1. b. 2. c. 3. d. Either 1 or 2 is acceptable. 55. What are compensated absences? a. Unpaid time off. b. A form of healthcare. c. Payroll deductions. d. Paid time off. 56. Which gives rise to the requirement to accrue a liability for the cost of compensated absences? a. Payment is probable. b. Employee rights vest or accumulate. c. Amount can be reasonably estimated. d. All of the above. 57. Under what conditions is an employer required to accrue a liability for sick pay? a. Sick pay benefits can be reasonably estimated. b. Sick pay benefits vest. c. Sick pay benefits equal 100% of the pay. d. Sick pay benefits accumulate.
6-14 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 58. Which of the following taxes does not represent a payroll deduction a company may incur? a. Federal income taxes. b. FICA taxes. c. State unemployment taxes. d. State income taxes. 59. What is a contingency? a. An existing situation where certainty exists as to a gain or loss that will be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. b. An existing situation where uncertainty exists as to possible loss that will be resolved when one or more future events occur. c. An existing situation where uncertainty exists as to possible gain or loss that will not be resolved in the foreseeable future. d. An existing situation where uncertainty exists as to possible gain or loss that will be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. 60. When is a contingent liability recorded? a. When the amount can be reasonably estimated. b. When the future events are probable to occur and the amount can be reasonably estimated. c. When the future events are probable to occur. d. When the future events will possibly occur and the amount can be reasonably estimated. 61. Which of the following is an example of a contingent liability? a. Obligations related to product warranties. b. Possible receipt from a litigation settlement. c. Pending court case with a probable favorable outcome. d. Tax loss carryforwards. 62. Which of the following terms is associated with recording a contingent liability? a. Possible. b. Likely. c. Remote. d. Probable. 63. Which of the following is the proper way to report a gain contingency? a. As an accrued amount. b. As deferred revenue. c. As an account receivable with additional disclosure explaining the nature of the contingency. d. As a disclosure only. 64. Which of the following contingencies need not be disclosed in the financial statements or the notes thereto? a. Probable losses not reasonably estimable b. Environmental liabilities that cannot be reasonably estimated c. Guarantees of indebtedness of others d. All of these must be disclosed.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-15 65. Which of the following sets of conditions would give rise to the accrual of a contingency under current generally accepted accounting principles? a. Amount of loss is reasonably estimable and event occurs infrequently. b. Amount of loss is reasonably estimable and occurrence of event is probable. c. Event is unusual in nature and occurrence of event is probable. d. Event is unusual in nature and event occurs infrequently. 66. Jeff Beck is a farmer who owns land which borders on the right-of-way of the Northern Railroad. On August 10, 2010, due to the admitted negligence of the Railroad, hay on the farm was set on fire and burned. Beck had had a dispute with the Railroad for several years concerning the ownership of a small parcel of land. The representative of the Railroad has offered to assign any rights which the Railroad may have in the land to Beck in exchange for a release of his right to reimbursement for the loss he has sustained from the fire. Beck appears inclined to accept the Railroad's offer. The Railroad's 2010 financial statements should include the following related to the incident: a. recognition of a loss and creation of a liability for the value of the land. b. recognition of a loss only. c. creation of a liability only. d. disclosure in note form only. 67. A contingency can be accrued when a. it is certain that funds are available to settle the disputed amount. b. an asset may have been impaired. c. the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated and it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability incurred. d. it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability incurred even though the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated. 68. A contingent liability a. definitely exists as a liability but its amount and due date are indeterminable. b. is accrued even though not reasonably estimated. c. is not disclosed in the financial statements. d. is the result of a loss contingency. 69. To record an asset retirement obligation (ARO), the cost associated with the ARO is a. expensed. b. included in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. c. included in a separate account. d. none of these. 70. A company is legally obligated for the costs associated with the retirement of a long-lived asset a. only when it hires another party to perform the retirement activities. b. only if it performs the activities with its own workforce and equipment. c. whether it hires another party to perform the retirement activities or performs the activities itself. d. when it is probable the asset will be retired.
6-16 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 71. Assume that a manufacturing corporation has (1) good quality control, (2) a one-year operating cycle, (3) a relatively stable pattern of annual sales, and (4) a continuing policy of guaranteeing new products against defects for three years that has resulted in material but rather stable warranty repair and replacement costs. Any liability for the warranty a. should be reported as long-term. b. should be reported as current. c. should be reported as part current and part long-term. d. need not be disclosed. 72. Ortiz Corporation, a manufacturer of household paints, is preparing annual financial statements at December 31, 2010. Because of a recently proven health hazard in one of its paints, the government has clearly indicated its intention of having Ortiz recall all cans of this paint sold in the last six months. The management of Ortiz estimates that this recall would cost $800,000. What accounting recognition, if any, should be accorded this situation? a. No recognition b. Note disclosure only c. Operating expense of $800,000 and liability of $800,000 d. Appropriation of retained earnings of $800,000 73. Information available prior to the issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that, at the date of the financial statements, a liability has been incurred for obligations related to product warranties. The amount of the loss involved can be reasonably estimated. Based on the above facts, an estimated loss contingency should be a. accrued. b. disclosed but not accrued. c. neither accrued nor disclosed. d. classified as an appropriation of retained earnings. P 74. S 75. S 76. Espinosa Co. has a loss contingency to accrue. The loss amount can only be reasonably estimated within a range of outcomes. No single amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount. The amount of loss accrual should be a. zero. b. the minimum of the range. c. the mean of the range. d. the maximum of the range. Dean Company becomes aware of a lawsuit after the date of the financial statements, but before they are issued. A loss and related liability should be reported in the financial statements if the amount can be reasonably estimated, an unfavorable outcome is highly probable, and a. the Dean Company admits guilt. b. the court will decide the case within one year. c. the damages appear to be material. d. the cause for action occurred during the accounting period covered by the financial statements. Use of the accrual method in accounting for product warranty costs a. is required for federal income tax purposes. b. is frequently justified on the basis of expediency when warranty costs are immaterial. c. finds the expense account being charged when the seller performs in compliance with the warranty. d. represents accepted practice and should be used whenever the warranty is an integral and inseparable part of the sale.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-17 77. Which of the following best describes the accrual method of accounting for warranty costs? a. Expensed when paid. b. Expensed when warranty claims are certain. c. Expensed based on estimate in year of sale. d. Expensed when incurred. 78. Which of the following best describes the cash-basis method of accounting for warranty costs? a. Expensed based on estimate in year of sale. b. Expensed when liability is accrued. c. Expensed when warranty claims are certain. d. Expensed when incurred. 79. Which of the following is a characteristic of the expense warranty approach, but not the sales warranty approach? a. Estimated liability under warranties. b. Warranty expense. c. Unearned warranty revenue. d. Warranty revenue. 80. An electronics store is running a promotion where for every video game purchased, the customer receives a coupon upon checkout to purchase a second game at a 50% discount. The coupons expire in one year. The store normally recognized a gross profit margin of 40% of the selling price on video games. How would the store account for a purchase using the discount coupon? a. The reduction in sales price attributed to the coupon is recognized as premium expense. b. The difference between the cost of the video game and the cash received is recognized as premium expense. c. Premium expense is not recognized. d. The difference between the cost of the video game and the selling price prior to the coupon is recognized as premium expense. 81. What condition is necessary to recognize an asset retirement obligation? a. Company has an existing legal obligation and can reasonably estimate the amount of the liability. b. Company can reasonably estimate the amount of the liability. c. Company has an existing legal obligation. d. Obligation event has occurred. 82. Which of the following are not factors that are considered when evaluating whether or not to record a liability for pending litigation? a. Time period in which the underlying cause of action occurred. b. The type of litigation involved. c. The probability of an unfavorable outcome. d. The ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of the loss.
6-18 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 83. How do you determine the acid-test ratio? a. The sum of cash and short-term investments divided by short-term debt. b. Current assets divided by current liabilities. c. Current assets divided by short-term debt. d. The sum of cash, short-term investments and net receivables divided by current liabilities. 84. What does the current ratio inform you about a company? a. The extent of slow-moving inventories. b. The efficient use of assets. c. The company's liquidity. d. The company's profitability. S 85. P 86. Which of the following is not acceptable treatment for the presentation of current liabilities? a. Listing current liabilities in order of maturity b. Listing current liabilities according to amount c. Offsetting current liabilities against assets that are to be applied to their liquidation d. Showing current liabilities immediately below current assets to obtain a presentation of working capital The ratio of current assets to current liabilities is called the a. current ratio. b. acid-test ratio. c. current asset turnover ratio. d. current liability turnover ratio. 87. Accrued liabilities are disclosed in financial statements by a. a footnote to the statements. b. showing the amount among the liabilities but not extending it to the liability total. c. an appropriation of retained earnings. d. appropriately classifying them as regular liabilities in the balance sheet. 88. The numerator of the acid-test ratio consists of a. total current assets. b. cash and marketable securities. c. cash and net receivables. d. cash, marketable securities, and net receivables. 89. Each of the following are included in both the current ratio and the acid-test ratio except a. cash. b. short-term investments. c. net receivables. d. inventory.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-19 CHAPTER 14 LONG-TERM LIABILITIES 21. An example of an item which is not a liability is a. dividends payable in stock. b. advances from customers on contracts. c. accrued estimated warranty costs. d. the portion of long-term debt due within one year. 22. The covenants and other terms of the agreement between the issuer of bonds and the lender are set forth in the a. bond indenture. b. bond debenture. c. registered bond. d. bond coupon. 23. The term used for bonds that are unsecured as to principal is a. junk bonds. b. debenture bonds. c. indebenture bonds. d. callable bonds. P 24. S 25. S 26. Bonds for which the owners' names are not registered with the issuing corporation are called a. bearer bonds. b. term bonds. c. debenture bonds. d. secured bonds. Bonds that pay no interest unless the issuing company is profitable are called a. collateral trust bonds. b. debenture bonds. c. revenue bonds. d. income bonds. If bonds are issued initially at a premium and the effective-interest method of amortization is used, interest expense in the earlier years will be a. greater than if the straight-line method were used. b. greater than the amount of the interest payments. c the same as if the straight-line method were used. d. less than if the straight-line method were used. 27. The interest rate written in the terms of the bond indenture is known as the a. coupon rate. b. nominal rate. c. stated rate. d. coupon rate, nominal rate, or stated rate. 28. The rate of interest actually earned by bondholders is called the a. stated rate. b. yield rate.
6-20 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition c. effective rate. d. effective, yield, or market rate. Use the following information for questions 29 and 30: Fox Co. issued $100,000 of ten-year, 10% bonds that pay interest semiannually. The bonds are sold to yield 8%. 29. One step in calculating the issue price of the bonds is to multiply the principal by the table value for a. 10 periods and 10% from the present value of 1 table. b. 20 periods and 5% from the present value of 1 table. c. 10 periods and 8% from the present value of 1 table. d. 20 periods and 4% from the present value of 1 table. 30. Another step in calculating the issue price of the bonds is to a. multiply $10,000 by the table value for 10 periods and 10% from the present value of an annuity table. b. multiply $10,000 by the table value for 20 periods and 5% from the present value of an annuity table. c. multiply $10,000 by the table value for 20 periods and 4% from the present value of an annuity table. d. none of these. 31. Reich, Inc. issued bonds with a maturity amount of $200,000 and a maturity ten years from date of issue. If the bonds were issued at a premium, this indicates that a. the effective yield or market rate of interest exceeded the stated (nominal) rate. b. the nominal rate of interest exceeded the market rate. c. the market and nominal rates coincided. d. no necessary relationship exists between the two rates.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-21 32. If bonds are initially sold at a discount and the straight-line method of amortization is used, interest expense in the earlier years will a. exceed what it would have been had the effective-interest method of amortization been used. b. be less than what it would have been had the effective-interest method of amortization been used. c. be the same as what it would have been had the effective-interest method of amortization been used. d. be less than the stated (nominal) rate of interest. 33. Under the effective-interest method of bond discount or premium amortization, the periodic interest expense is equal to a. the stated (nominal) rate of interest multiplied by the face value of the bonds. b. the market rate of interest multiplied by the face value of the bonds. c. the stated rate multiplied by the beginning-of-period carrying amount of the bonds. d. the market rate multiplied by the beginning-of-period carrying amount of the bonds. 34. When the effective-interest method is used to amortize bond premium or discount, the periodic amortization will a. increase if the bonds were issued at a discount. b. decrease if the bonds were issued at a premium. c. increase if the bonds were issued at a premium. d. increase if the bonds were issued at either a discount or a premium. 35. If bonds are issued between interest dates, the entry on the books of the issuing corporation could include a a. debit to Interest Payable. b. credit to Interest Receivable. c. credit to Interest Expense. d. credit to Unearned Interest. 36. When the interest payment dates of a bond are May 1 and November 1, and a bond issue is sold on June 1, the amount of cash received by the issuer will be a. decreased by accrued interest from June 1 to November 1. b. decreased by accrued interest from May 1 to June 1. c. increased by accrued interest from June 1 to November 1. d. increased by accrued interest from May 1 to June 1. 37. Theoretically, the costs of issuing bonds could be a. expensed when incurred. b. reported as a reduction of the bond liability. c. debited to a deferred charge account and amortized over the life of the bonds. d. any of these. 38. The printing costs and legal fees associated with the issuance of bonds should a. be expensed when incurred. b. be reported as a deduction from the face amount of bonds payable. c. be accumulated in a deferred charge account and amortized over the life of the bonds. d. not be reported as an expense until the period the bonds mature or are retired.
6-22 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Thirteenth Edition 39. Treasury bonds should be shown on the balance sheet as a. an asset. b. a deduction from bonds payable issued to arrive at net bonds payable and outstanding. c. a reduction of stockholders' equity. d. both an asset and a liability. 40. An early extinguishment of bonds payable, which were originally issued at a premium, is made by purchase of the bonds between interest dates. At the time of reacquisition a. any costs of issuing the bonds must be amortized up to the purchase date. b. the premium must be amortized up to the purchase date. c. interest must be accrued from the last interest date to the purchase date. d. all of these. 41. The generally accepted method of accounting for gains or losses from the early extinguishment of debt treats any gain or loss as a. an adjustment to the cost basis of the asset obtained by the debt issue. b. an amount that should be considered a cash adjustment to the cost of any other debt issued over the remaining life of the old debt instrument. c. an amount received or paid to obtain a new debt instrument and, as such, should be amortized over the life of the new debt. d. a difference between the reacquisition price and the net carrying amount of the debt which should be recognized in the period of redemption. P 42. P 43. S 44. "In-substance defeasance" is a term used to refer to an arrangement whereby a. a company gets another company to cover its payments due on long-term debt. b. a governmental unit issues debt instruments to corporations. c. a company provides for the future repayment of a long-term debt by placing purchased securities in an irrevocable trust. d. a company legally extinguishes debt before its due date. A corporation borrowed money from a bank to build a building. The long-term note signed by the corporation is secured by a mortgage that pledges title to the building as security for the loan. The corporation is to pay the bank $80,000 each year for 10 years to repay the loan. Which of the following relationships can you expect to apply to the situation? a. The balance of mortgage payable at a given balance sheet date will be reported as a long-term liability. b. The balance of mortgage payable will remain a constant amount over the 10-year period. c. The amount of interest expense will decrease each period the loan is outstanding, while the portion of the annual payment applied to the loan principal will increase each period. d. The amount of interest expense will remain constant over the 10-year period. A debt instrument with no ready market is exchanged for property whose fair market value is currently indeterminable. When such a transaction takes place a. the present value of the debt instrument must be approximated using an imputed interest rate. b. it should not be recorded on the books of either party until the fair market value of the property becomes evident. c. the board of directors of the entity receiving the property should estimate a value for the property that will serve as a basis for the transaction. d. the directors of both entities involved in the transaction should negotiate a value to be assigned to the property.
Accounting and the Time Value of Money 6-23 45. When a note payable is issued for property, goods, or services, the present value of the note is measured by a. the fair value of the property, goods, or services. b. the market value of the note. c. using an imputed interest rate to discount all future payments on the note. d. any of these. 46. When a note payable is exchanged for property, goods, or services, the stated interest rate is presumed to be fair unless a. no interest rate is stated. b. the stated interest rate is unreasonable. c. the stated face amount of the note is materially different from the current cash sales price for similar items or from current market value of the note. d. any of these. 47. Discount on Notes Payable is charged to interest expense a. equally over the life of the note. b. only in the year the note is issued. c. using the effective-interest method. d. only in the year the note matures. 48. Which of the following is an example of "off-balance-sheet financing"? 1. Non-consolidated subsidiary. 2. Special purpose entity. 3. Operating leases. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. All of these are examples of "off-balance-sheet financing." S 49. S 50. When a business enterprise enters into what is referred to as off-balance-sheet financing, the company a. is attempting to conceal the debt from shareholders by having no information about the debt included in the balance sheet. b. wishes to confine all information related to the debt to the income statement and the statement of cash flow. c. can enhance the quality of its financial position and perhaps permit credit to be obtained more readily and at less cost. d. is in violation of generally accepted accounting principles. Long-term debt that matures within one year and is to be converted into stock should be reported a. as a current liability. b. in a special section between liabilities and stockholders equity. c. as noncurrent. d. as noncurrent and accompanied with a note explaining the method to be used in its liquidation.