Introduction to Mitigation Definition of Mitigation Mitigation is defined by FEMA as "...sustained action that reduces or eliminates longterm risk to people and property from natural hazards and their effects" (FEMA, Report on Costs and Benefits of Natural Hazard Mitigation ). The goal of mitigation is to reduce or eliminate loss of lives and property. Mitigation is a proactive effort to lessen the impact of disasters upon families, communities, and economy. Categories of Mitigation Mitigation includes any actions or measures that prevent an emergency, reduce the chance of an emergency occurring, or lessen the effects of a disaster. Federal, state and local governments can restrict or limit development in hazard-prone areas, direct development to less vulnerable areas, and promote ways to safeguard existing development in hazard-prone areas. Individuals and families also can participate by engaging in personal safety and property prevention activities. There are six categories of mitigation that can produce safer environments including prevention, property protection, natural resource protection, emergency services, structural projects and public information. Prevention Measures Prevention measures are intended to keep a hazard risk from getting worse. They ensure that future development does not increase hazard losses. Communities can achieve significant progress toward hazard resistance through prevention measures. This is particularly true in areas that have not been developed or where capital investment has not been substantial. Using prevention measures, future development can be guided away from hazards, while maintaining other community goals such as economic development and quality of life. Some examples of prevention measures are: Planning Open space preservation Land development regulations, including zoning and subdivision regulations Storm water management regulations Erosion and sediment control regulations Engineered foundation standards and building codes June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-1
Measures protection measures are used to modify buildings subject to hazard risk, or their surroundings, rather than to prevent the hazard from occurring. A community may find these to be inexpensive measures because often they are implemented or cost-shared with property owners. These measures directly protect people and property at risk. Protecting a building does not have to affect the building s appearance and is therefore a popular measure for historic and cultural sites. Some examples of property protection measures are: Acquisition public acquisition and management of lands and properties that are vulnerable to damage from hazards Relocation permanent evacuation of hazard-prone areas through movement of existing hazard-prone development and population to safer areas Rebuilding modifying structures to reduce damage by future hazard events Floodproofing protecting a flood-prone building using one or more of several different methods Elevation of existing buildings above the flood height Installation of saferooms for protection against tornadoes and severe storms Installation of backup power generators in the event of power outages due to severe weather conditions Natural Resource Measures Natural resource protection measures are intended to reduce the intensity of hazard effects as well as to improve the quality of the environment and wildlife habitats. Parks, recreation, or conservation agencies or organizations often implement these activities. Examples of natural resource protection include: Erosion and sediment control Wetlands protection Open space easements Acquisition of environmentally beneficial lands Hillside conservation Stream bank restoration Riparian zone protection Urban forestry and horticulture programs Watershed protection programs Measures services measures protect people before and after a hazard event. Most counties and many cities have emergency management offices to coordinate warning, response, and recovery during a disaster. services include: June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-2
Advance alert and warning Critical facilities protection Health and safety maintenance Distribution of weather alert radios to homes and businesses response and recovery support Community safe rooms Disaster relief centers housing shelters Mitigation Measures measures directly protect people and property at risk. These measures involve construction of man-made structures to control hazards. For example, structural projects for flood control may include: Reservoirs Levees, floodwalls and seawalls Diversions Channel modifications Storm sewers Mitigation Measures information activities inform and remind people about hazardous areas and the measures necessary to avoid potential damage and injury. information activities for mitigation are directed toward property owners, potential property owners, business owners and visitors. Examples of public information activities to achieve mitigation are: Provide hazard maps and other hazard information as requested Outreach programs that provide hazard and mitigation information to people when they have not asked for it information activities might be accomplished through: Print media Radio/TV spots and interviews Internet local government and emergency management websites Mass mailings and email Notices to residents and property owners in a specific, hazard-prone area Displays in widely used facilities such as public buildings and retail businesses Presentations at neighborhood and community meetings Real estate disclosure and property owner handbook distributed through financial institutions in the public library Available technical assistance through the schools for children and parents June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-3
How Mitigation Differs from Preparedness, Response, and Recovery management is divided into four phases, with each phase involving different types of organization, preparation, and activities. These four phases include: preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. Preparedness focuses on building emergency response and management capabilities before a disaster occurs in order to respond to and recover from disaster events. Preparedness activities include programs for training emergency response personnel, exercising plans, and conducting public outreach programs. Preparedness also includes activities such as developing and maintaining warning systems, maintaining communications networks, and establishing procedures for mobilizing response personnel. Response refers to the actions taken immediately before, during and after a disaster event to save lives, minimize property damage and aid in the recovery process. Response activities typically involve public warning, evacuation and sheltering, search and rescue, emergency medical care, and securing property. Other types of response activities depend on the type of disaster and may include activities such as supplying emergency water and power, removing debris from roads, attending to the needs of people with disabilities or special health concerns, closing roads, or firefighting. Recovery involves short term post disaster activities to restore vital services and longer term activities to return the community to normal or pre-disaster status. The first step of recovery is assessment of damages to determine needs and priorities. Typical recovery activities include debris removal, coordinating volunteers and donations of goods, delivering disaster aid to individuals and families, restoring vital community services, and repairing and reconstructing buildings and public infrastructure. Recovery can take from a few days to years, depending on the magnitude of the disaster and the resources available to address the community s needs. Mitigation is the cornerstone of emergency management. Mitigation differs from preparedness, response and recovery in that it is an ongoing effort focused on activities and policies that will reduce or eliminate the community s vulnerability to damage from future hazard events. Mitigation measures generally are those that can be put in place before a disaster occurs. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-4
Mitigation Plan Benefits The planning process provides a method for communities to identify weaknesses and threats that affect quality of life as well as those strengths and opportunities that may contribute to achieving the future desired by the community. Planning further enables communities to establish goals and identify strategic actions that can be undertaken to preserve, protect, and enhance those resources that contribute to quality of life and long term economic prosperity. Likewise, the hazard mitigation planning process offers opportunities and benefits to communities to reduce injury and death, safeguard the natural and built environment, protect public and private investments, and reinforce long term economic viability and community livability. Hazard mitigation planning enables communities to: Reduce injury, death and property losses Identify specific problems and appropriate solutions Achieve multiple objectives in a sustainable manner Reduce future risks Prioritize post-disaster projects Enhance funding opportunities through federal, state and local programs Promote public participation and ownership of solutions Goals, Objectives, and Mitigation Development Process The goals, objectives and mitigation actions of the Dade County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan are derived in part from several sources. The Dade County Operations Plan and the 2010 State Hazard Analysis provided an initial basis for discussion of goals and mitigation strategies. Review of the existing characteristics and conditions of the Dade County community, the hazard risk assessment, the mitigation capabilities survey completed by the participating jurisdictions, and discussions at Plan Advisory Committee meetings also contributed to the development of the goals, objectives and mitigation strategies. The public was invited to participate in this planning process through notifications in print publications and web postings. The participating jurisdictions, other community organizations and stakeholders and agencies in surrounding counties were also notified and encouraged to participate through email notifications, mailings and telephone calls. At meetings of the Plan Advisory Committee in February and March, 2010, participants discussed disaster mitigation issues and needs specific to Dade County and its jurisdictions. Meeting participants were also provided with examples of goals, objectives and strategies included in the hazard mitigation plans from other nearby counties in southwest Missouri. Using the input from these reviews and meeting discussions, draft mitigation strategies were developed by SMCOG staff and were presented for further June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-5
discussion and consideration at a planning meeting of the Dade County LEPC and the Plan Advisory Committee on March 23, 2010. During this meeting, mitigation activities already underway as well as potential strategies and activities were identified. Over the continued course of the plan development process, the proposed goals, objectives and mitigation strategies were further refined and in some cases, modified, to reflect changing conditions or actual implementation of proposed mitigation actions. The finalized goals, objectives and mitigation actions were formatted by SMCOG staff and with the Committee s informed consent at a meeting held on April 26, 2012, the Committee began review of the benefits and costs of the proposed mitigation actions.. STAPLEE Cost-Benefit Review and Prioritization Following agreement on the mitigation actions to be include in the Plan, the Plan Advisory Committee meeting held on April 26, 2012 focused on applying a prioritization method to the mitigation actions that clearly emphasized evaluating the actions in terms of benefits and costs. The Disaster Mitigation Act regulations state that benefit-cost review is the primary method by which mitigation projects should be prioritized. The Plan Advisory Committee used the modified STAPLEE with simple scores method as used in the Missouri State Hazard Mitigation Plan, July 2010. The STAPLEE and simple scores is a quantitative method for prioritizing mitigation actions derived from the How-To Guide: Using Benefit-Cost Review in Mitigation Planning (FEMA 386-5). The STAPLEE criteria were used because of the emphasis on reviewing mitigation actions in terms of costs and benefits. The definition of each letter in the STAPLEE acronym, derived from the How- To Guide: Developing the Mitigation Plan (FEMA 386-3), was distributed to meeting attendees and discussed prior to the scoring process. The STAPLEE definitions are presented in Table 5-1. The meeting participants were given a score sheet that was coded by a number corresponding to the goals, objectives and mitigation actions. The format of the score sheet allowed the attendees to consider whether each of the actions represented an overall cost or benefit in terms of each of the STAPLEE criterion. The attendees were asked to apply an evaluation rating for each of the STAPLEE criterion as well as effectiveness in saving lives, reducing property damage and ease of implementation. A version of the score sheet with a definition of the rating scale is presented in Table 5-2. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-6
Table 5-1: Definitions of STAPLEE Criteria Abbreviation Criteria Definition of the Criteria S T A P L E E Social Technical Administrative Political Legal Economical Environmental Mitigation actions are acceptable to the community if they do not adversely affect a particular segment of the population, do not cause relocation of lower income people, and if they are compatible with the community s social and cultural values. Mitigation actions are technically most effective if they provide long-term reduction of loses and have minimal secondary adverse impacts. Mitigation actions are easier to implement if the jurisdiction has the necessary staffing and funding Mitigation actions can truly be successful if all stakeholders have been offered an opportunity to participate in the planning process and if there is public support of the action. It is crucial that the jurisdiction or implementing agency have the legal authority to implement and enforce a mitigation action. Budget constraints can significantly deter the implementation of mitigation actions. Hence, it is important to evaluate whether an action is cost-effective and possible to fund. Sustainable mitigation actions that do not have an adverse effect on the environment, that comply with Federal, State, and local environmental regulations, and are consistent with the community s environmental goals, have mitigation benefits while being environmentally sound. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-7
Table 5-2: Modified STAPLEE with Simple Scores Action Code: Jurisdiction: STAPLEE Criteria S: Is it Socially acceptable? Rating: Definitely YES: Maybe YES: Probably NO: Definitely NO: = 3 = 2 = 1 = 0 Score T: Is it technically feasible and potentially successful? A: Does the responsible entity have the administrative capacity to execute this action? P: Is it politically acceptable? L: Is there legal authority to implement? E: Is it economically beneficial? E: Will the project have a positive or neutral impact on the environment? (score a 3 if positive, 2 if neutral) Could it be implemented quickly? Mitigation Effectiveness Criteria Will the implemented action result in saved lives? Will the implemented action result in a reduction of disaster damages? Mitigation Effectiveness Score: Rating Assign 0-5 points based on the likelihood that lives would be saved Assign 0-5 points based on relative reduction of disaster damages Score The scores of the meeting participants were compiled and averaged. This method produced a ranking of actions relative to one another. The STAPLEE scores were used to prioritize mitigation actions. These numerical scores for each action were aggregated into three priority ranks of high, medium and low. with a high rank are actions to be implemented in the short-term (1 to 2 years), medium rank in the intermediate-term (2 to 4 years) and low ranked actions in the long-term (5 years or more). The quantified June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-8
STAPLEE priority ranks were subjected to a final qualitative common sense review during the Plan Advisory Committee meeting on November 18, 2013. A complete list of the Plan s goals, objectives and actions with STAPLEE score and information as to whether it is intended to address existing or new structures is presented in Table 5-3. Table 5-3: Dade County Mitigation Action Goal 1: Protect lives and livelihoods of the population. STAPLEE Score Type of Structure Addressed Objective 1.1: Provide adequate warning systems to alert the population about hazard events. 1.1.1 Maintain and replace low water crossing markers as needed. 32 (H) N/A 1.1.2 Promote the location and utilization of NOAA all hazard radios with S.A.M.E. technology in critical/vulnerable facilities, residences, businesses and other place of 30 (H) N/A population concentration. 1.1.3 Encourage installation of additional radio controlled storm warning sirens in areas of population concentration. 22 (L) N/A 1.1.4 Utilize available alert and automated messaging systems to provide storm warning. 30 (H) N/A Objective 1.2: Promote public awareness of natural hazards and mitigation actions than can reduce risks. 1.2.1 Work with the schools to provide educational materials on natural hazards and ways to reduce risks. 31 (M) N/A 1.2.2 Establish an emergency management website for the county that includes hazard mitigation educational 24 (L) N/A information. Objective1.3: Provide for safe shelter during weather extremes. 1.3.1 Where feasible, retrofit doors and windows in existing critical/vulnerable facilities serving concentrated 29 (M) populations. 1.3.2 Encourage construction of tornado safe rooms in areas of population concentration. 30 (H) / 1.3.3 Encourage hazard mitigation construction standards to be incorporated into the design and construction of new 27 (M) public facilities. 1.3.4 Encourage community organizations to continue programs to provide fans, winter weatherization and other donations for vulnerable populations during weather extremes. 28 (M) Goal 2: Preserve and maintain property, infrastructure and the county s local economies. Objective 2.1: Reduce or prevent adverse impacts from natural hazards on properties. 2.1.1 Encourage the installation of emergency backup 30 (H) / generators where needed for critical/vulnerable facilities. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-9
Table 5-3: Dade County Mitigation Action STAPLEE Score Type of Structure Addressed 2.1.2 Improve low water crossings that frequently flood. 32 (H) 2.1.3 Identify water drainage obstructions and clean out debris from drainage channels and under bridges to lessen flooding potential. 33 (H) 2.1.4 Where feasible, install and/or improve culverts to eliminate water flow restrictions. 32 (H) / 2.1.5 Encourage best practices for drought-resistant farming. 24 (L) N/A 2.1.6 Encourage dam owners to maintain their dams in conformance with the rules and regulations of the Missouri Dam and Reservoir Safety Council. 25 (L) Objective 2.2: Design, enhance, or amend policies that will work to limit the adverse impacts of natural hazard events. 2.2.1 Integrate the goals and actions from the Dade County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into existing plans, programs and regulations where appropriate. 2.2.2 The NFIP communities of Dade County, Arcola, Everton and Lockwood will enforce floodplain management requirements, including regulating all new and substantially improved construction in the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SPFAs). 2.2.3 Communities that do not participate will be encouraged to apply for participation in the NFIP, including regulating all new and substantially improved construction in the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SPFAs). 27 (M) 30 (H) / 25 (L) / 2.2.4 Implement burn restrictions during time of weather conditions conducive to the spread of wildfire. 28 (M) N/A 2.2.5 Promote the use of fire-resistant construction and landscaping materials. 24 (L) / Goal 3: Ensure continued operation of government and emergency functions during a disaster. Objective 3.1: Maintain and enhance communications and multi-jurisdictional cooperation. 3.1.1 Continue information sharing and collaboration between the county and all jurisdictions and entities responsible for critical/vulnerable facilities and services. 3.1.2 Encourage all communities to have emergency response access to all portions of their jurisdictions. 3.1.3 Review and upgrade equipment as identified and budget for additional emergency equipment to enhance protection and responses during disaster events. 3.1.4 Annually review the Dade County Operations Plan and Hazard Mitigation Plan. 3.1.5 Review emergency access routes and evacuation routes and work with the responsible entities to minimize or reduce identified problems. 30 (H) N/A 25 (M) N/A 24 (L) N/A 28 (M) N/A 26 (M) N/A June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-10
Implementation and by Participating Jurisdictions The implementation of the mitigation actions to achieve the Plan s goals will include the involvement of the county, individual communities, schools, fire protection districts, emergency management and other partner community organizations and entities engaged in protecting and enhancing the lives and livelihoods of the people of Dade County. A mitigation planning committee comprised of members of these groups will be established to plan for and implement the activities and projects necessary to accomplish the goals and objectives as identified during the planning process. The Dade County Office of Management will establish a system to monitor progress and evaluate the effectiveness of implemented actions with revisions as may be needed. To help maintain a focus on the greater goal of overall community well-being and to help facilitate implementation, underlying operating principles such as those listed below should be utilized. These principles will improve fiscal and operational efficiency as well. Each action will be implemented according to the following principles: Promote and encourage collaboration between agencies and departments to create a synergism that results in benefits that would not be possible through a single agency. Employ sustainable principles and techniques in the implementation of each objective to attain maximum benefits. Incorporate mitigation objectives into existing and future plans, regulations, programs and projects. Create and implement a prioritization process that includes monetary, environmental, and sociological considerations. The Plan s mitigation actions promote and/or support the development of local hazard mitigation plans, projects and activities. With the exception of normal responsibilities of the participating jurisdictions, this is a voluntary participation that in no way states or implies the acceptance of any liability for the success or failure of the program, activities, events or projects undertaken to complete the program or any portions thereof. Acceptance and adoption of the Plan by the participating local jurisdictions in no way obligates the participating jurisdiction to actually carry out its provisions, especially since the availability of funding is critical to the implementation of the mitigation actions. Each individual action contained in this Plan that incurs a cost and/or liability must still be approved by separate actions commensurate with the normal proceedings for approving such actions, in accordance with applicable local ordinances, laws and regulations, and state statutes. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-11
Table 5-4 provides an overview of each mitigation action in the Plan by the natural hazards to demonstrate a comprehensive set of strategies to mitigate the impact of all hazards identified in the Plan. Tables 5-5 through 5-16 present an overview of the mitigation actions for each participating jurisdiction. The overviews categorize each action into one of the six categories of mitigation. In addition, the tables identify the lead position or department responsible for implementing and administering the action, potential sources of funding, expected timeframes for completion, and a benchmark for evaluating the results of the action. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-12
No. Tornado Severe Thunderstorm Flood (Riverine & Flash) Severe Winter Weather Drought Heatwave Earthquake Dam Failure Wildfire Sinkhole Table 5-4: Overview of Mitigation by Hazards Addressed Goal 1: Protect citizens from injury and loss of life. Objective 1.1: Provide adequate warning systems to alert the population about hazard events. 1.1.1 Maintain and replace low water crossing markers as needed. X 1.1.2 1.1.3 Promote the location and utilization of NOAA all-hazard radios with S.A.M.E. technology in all critical/vulnerable facilities, residences, businesses and places of population concentration. Encourage the installation of additional radio controlled storm warning sirens in areas of population concentration. 1.1.4 Utilize available alert and automated messaging systems to provide storm warning. X X X X Objective 1.2: Promote public awareness of natural hazards and mitigation actions that can reduce risks. 1.2.1 1.2.2 Work with the schools to provide educational materials on natural hazards and ways to reduce risks. Establish an emergency management website for the county that includes hazard mitigation educational information. Objective 1.3: Provide for safe shelter during weather extremes. 1.3.1 Where feasible, retrofit doors and windows in existing critical/vulnerable facilities serving concentrated populations. 1.3.2 Encourage construction of tornado/severe wind safe rooms in areas of population concentration. 1.3.3 Encourage hazard mitigation construction standards to be incorporated into the design and construction of new public facilities. 1.3.4 Encourage community organizations to continue programs to provide fans, winter weatherization and other donations for vulnerable populations during weather extremes. X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-13
No. Tornado Severe Thunderstorm Flood (Riverine & Flash) Severe Winter Weather Drought Heatwave Earthquake Dam Failure Wildfire Sinkhole Table 5-4: Overview of Mitigation by Hazards Addressed Goal 2: Preserve and maintain property, infrastructure and the county s local economies. Objective 2.1: Reduce or prevent adverse impacts from natural hazards on properties. 2.1.1 Encourage the installation of emergency backup generators where needed for critical and vulnerable facilities and infrastructure. 2.1.2 Improve low water crossings that frequently flood. X 2.1.3 Identify water drainage obstructions and clean out debris from drainage channels and under bridges to lessen flooding potential. X 2.1.4 Where feasible, install and/or improve culverts to eliminate water flow restrictions. X X X X X X X 2.1.5 Encourage best practices for drought-resistant farming. X 2.1.6 Encourage dam owners to maintain their dams in conformance with the national dam safety hazard reduction initiative. Objective 2.2: Design, enhance, or amend policies that will work to limit the adverse impacts of natural hazard events. 2.2.1 Integrate the goals, objectives and mitigation actions from the Dade County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into existing and new plans, programs and regulations where X X X X X X X X X X appropriate. 2.2.2 The NFIP communities of Dade County, Arcola, Everton and Lockwood will enforce floodplain management requirements, including regulating all new and substantially X improved construction in the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SPFAs). 2.2.3 Communities that do not participate will be encouraged to apply for participation in the NFIP, including regulations all new and substantially improved construction in the Special X Flood Hazard Areas (SPFAs). 2.2.4 Implement burn restrictions during time of weather conditions conducive to the spread of wildfire. X 2.2.5 Promote the use of fire-resistant construction and landscaping materials. X X X June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-14
No. Tornado Severe Thunderstorm Flood (Riverine & Flash) Severe Winter Weather Drought Heatwave Earthquake Dam Failure Wildfire Sinkhole Table 5-4: Overview of Mitigation by Hazards Addressed Goal 3: Ensure continued operation of government and emergency functions during a natural hazard event. Objective 3: Maintain and enhance communications and multi-jurisdictional cooperation. 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 Continue information sharing and collaboration between the county and all jurisdictions and entities responsible for critical/vulnerable facilities and services. Encourage all communities to have emergency response access to all portions of their jurisdictions. Review and upgrade equipment as identified and budget for additional emergency equipment to enhance protection and responses during disaster events. Annually review the Dade County Operations Plan and Hazard Mitigation Plan. Review emergency access routes and evacuation routes and work with the responsible entities to minimize or reduce identified problems. X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-15
Mitigation by Jurisdiction Table 5-5: Overview of Mitigation for Dade County Goal 1: Protect citizens from injury and loss of life. Objective 1.1: Provide adequate warning systems to alert the population about hazard events. 1.1.1 Maintain and replace low water crossing markers as needed. 2014-2015 & County Commission (Road Districts EMA), Internal Funds water crossing markers replaced or installed. 1.1.2 Promote the location and utilization of NOAA allhazard radios with S.A.M.E. technology in all critical/vulnerable facilities, residences, businesses and places of population concentration. 1.1.3 Encourage the installation of additional radio controlled storm warning sirens in areas of population concentration. 1.1.4 Utilize available alert and automated messaging systems to provide storm warning. / / EMA EMA County 911 (EMA, Sheriff Dept., Local Police Depts.), Private Sector, Foundations Local Internal Funds, State and Federal Grants, Private Sector Programmed weather radios in continuous use increased and maintained. Number of radio controlled storm warning sirens increased where determined needed by local jurisdictions. Alert and messaging systems are used and maintained. Objective 1.2: Promote public awareness of natural hazards and mitigation alternatives that can reduce risks. 1.2.1 Work with the schools to provide educational materials on natural hazards and ways to reduce risks. EMA (Health Dept.), Grants, Foundations programs include all hazards that impact the county. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-16
Table 5-5: Overview of Mitigation for Dade County 1.2.2 Establish an emergency management website for the county that includes hazard mitigation educational information. Objective 1.3: Provide for safe shelter during weather extremes. 1.3.1 Where feasible, retrofit doors and windows in existing critical/vulnerable facilities serving concentrated populations. County Commission County Commission Internal Funds Website developed. on risks, resources and FEMA publications posted. Doors & windows retrofitted as needed. 1.3.2 Encourage construction of tornado/severe wind safe rooms in areas of population concentration. 1.3.3 Encourage hazard mitigation construction standards to be incorporated into the design and construction of new public facilities. 1.3.4 Encourage community organizations to continue programs to provide fans, winter weatherization and other donations for vulnerable populations during weather extremes., Goal 2: Preserve and maintain property, infrastructure and the county s local economies. 2016 & County EMA County Commission County EMA (Health Dept., OACAC) Internal Funds Grants, Foundations, Private Sector Number of safe rooms completed increased above 2013 levels. public facilities constructed reduce risk of damages to property and injuries. Programs sustained, donations and distribution supported. Objective 2.1: Reduce or prevent adverse impacts from natural hazards on properties. 2.1.1 Encourage the installation of emergency backup generators where needed for critical and vulnerable facilities and infrastructure. 2.1.2 Improve low water crossings that frequently flood., Natural Resource County Commission County Commission (Road District Commissions) Internal Funds Back-up generators installed in all facilities. Increase in low water crossings and bridge upgrades. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-17
Table 5-5: Overview of Mitigation for Dade County 2.1.3 Identify water drainage obstructions and clean out debris from drainage channels and under bridges to lessen flooding potential. 2.1.4 Where feasible, install and/or improve culverts to eliminate water flow restrictions. 2.1.5 Encourage best practices for drought-resistant farming. 2.1.6 Encourage dam owners to maintain their dams in conformance with the national dam safety hazard reduction initiative., Natural Resource Natural Resource Prevention County Commission (Road District Commissions) County Commission (Road District Commissions) County EMA (County Extension Service) County Commission County (EMA) Objective 2.2: Design, enhance, or amend policies that will work to limit the adverse impacts of natural hazard events. 2.2.1 Integrate the goals, objectives and mitigation actions from the Dade County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into existing and new plans, programs and regulations where appropriate. 2.2.2 The NFIP communities of Dade County, Arcola, Everton, Greenfield and Lockwood will enforce floodplain management requirements, including regulating all new and substantially improved construction in the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SPFAs). 2.2.4 Implement burn restrictions during time of weather conditions conducive to the spread of wildfire. Prevention, Natural Resource 2014-2015 & Prevention County Commission County Commission (Floodplain Manager) County Commission Fire Districts & Budgets Budgets & Private Sector Drainage channels maintained as needed. Culverts improved as needed. Best practices information maintained on public agency websites. Contacts made with property owners constructing new dams for distribution of information on the national dam safety hazard reduction initiative. Elements of the mitigation plan are integrated into programs, plans or regulations as developed or amended. NFIP compliance maintained. Burn restrictions implemented and enforced. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-18
Table 5-5: Overview of Mitigation for Dade County 2.2.5 Promote the use of fire-resistant construction and landscaping materials., Prevention, Natural Resource Departments) County EMA (Fire Depts.) posted on local government and public agency websites. Goal 3: Ensure continued operation of government and emergency functions during a natural hazard event. Objective 3: Maintain and enhance communications and multi-jurisdictional cooperation. 3.1.1 Continue information sharing and collaboration between the county and all jurisdictions and entities responsible for critical/vulnerable facilities and services. 3.1.2 Encourage all communities to have emergency response access to all portions of their jurisdictions. 3.1.3 Review and upgrade equipment as identified and budget for additional emergency equipment to enhance protection and responses during disaster events. 3.1.4 Annually review the Dade County Operations Plan and Hazard Mitigation Plan. 3.1.5 Review emergency access routes and evacuation routes and work with the responsible entities to minimize or reduce identified problems. 2014-2015 & County Commission (EMA, Fire Depts., Health Dept.) County Commission (EMA, Fire Depts.) County Commission (EMA) EMA EMA, Loans Intergovernmental coordination and collaboration increased Coordinated programs in effect between emergency service providers. equipment needs budgeted and acquired. Reviews completed and plan updated as needed. access plan in place. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-19
Table 5-6: Overview of Mitigation for Arcola Goal 1: Protect citizens from injury and loss of life. Objective 1.1: Provide adequate warning systems to alert the population about hazard events. 1.1.2 Promote the location and utilization of NOAA allhazard radios with S.A.M.E. technology in all critical/vulnerable facilities, residences, businesses and places of population concentration. 1.1.4 Utilize available alert and automated messaging systems to provide storm warning. / / Objective 1.2: Promote public awareness of natural hazards and mitigation alternatives that can reduce risks. 1.2.1 Work with the schools to provide educational materials on natural hazards and ways to reduce risks. Objective 1.3: Provide for safe shelter during weather extremes. 1.3.2 Encourage construction of tornado/severe wind safe rooms in areas of population concentration. 1.3.3 Encourage hazard mitigation construction standards to be incorporated into the design and construction of new public facilities. 1.3.4 Encourage community organizations to continue programs to provide fans, winter weatherization and other donations for vulnerable populations during weather extremes., 2016 & County 911) (County EMA (Health Dept.) Chair/ Trustees (County EMA (Health Dept., OACAC), Private Sector, Foundations, Grants, Foundations Internal Funds Grants, Foundations, Private Sector Programmed weather radios in continuous use increased and maintained. Alert and messaging systems are used and maintained. programs include all hazards that impact the county. Number of safe rooms completed increased above 2013 levels. public facilities constructed reduce risk of damages to property and injuries. Programs sustained, donations and distribution supported. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-20
Table 5-6: Overview of Mitigation for Arcola Goal 2: Preserve and maintain property, infrastructure and the county s local economies. Objective 2.1: Reduce or prevent adverse impacts from natural hazards on properties. 2.1.1 Encourage the installation of emergency backup generators where needed for critical and vulnerable facilities and infrastructure. Chair/ Trustees (Local Works) Back-up generators installed in all facilities. Objective 2.2: Design, enhance, or amend policies that will work to limit the adverse impacts of natural hazard events. 2.2.1 Integrate the goals, objectives and mitigation actions from the Dade County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into existing and new plans, programs and regulations where appropriate. Prevention, Natural Resource Chair/ Trustees Elements of the mitigation plan are integrated into programs, plans or regulations as developed or amended. 2.2.2 The NFIP communities of Dade County, Arcola, Everton, Greenfield and Lockwood will enforce floodplain management requirements, including regulating all new and substantially improved construction in the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SPFAs). 2014-2015 & Chair/ Trustees (Floodplain Manager) NFIP compliance maintained. 2.2.4 Implement burn restrictions during time of weather conditions conducive to the spread of wildfire. Prevention Chair/ Trustees (Fire Chief) Burn restrictions implemented and enforced. 2.2.5 Promote the use of fire-resistant construction and landscaping materials., Prevention, Natural Resource (Fire Chief) posted on local government and public agency websites. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-21
Table 5-6: Overview of Mitigation for Arcola Goal 3: Ensure continued operation of government and emergency functions during a natural hazard event. Objective 3: Maintain and enhance communications and multi-jurisdictional cooperation. 3.1.1 Continue information sharing and collaboration between the county and all jurisdictions and entities responsible for critical/vulnerable facilities and services. 3.1.2 Encourage all communities to have emergency response access to all portions of their jurisdictions. 3.1.3 Review and upgrade equipment as identified and budget for additional emergency equipment to enhance protection and responses during disaster events. 3.1.4 Annually review the Dade County Operations Plan and Hazard Mitigation Plan. 3.1.5 Review emergency access routes and evacuation routes and work with the responsible entities to minimize or reduce identified problems. 2014-2015 & Chair/ Trustees (, County EMA, Fire Dept.) Chair/ Trustees (, County EMA, Fire Dept., Sheriff s Dept.) Chair/ Trustees () Fire Dept., Sheriff s Dept.), Loans Intergovernmental coordination and collaboration increased Coordinated programs in effect between emergency service providers. equipment needs budgeted and acquired. Reviews completed and plan updated as needed. access plan in place. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-22
Table 5-7: Overview of Mitigation for Dadeville Goal 1: Protect citizens from injury and loss of life. Objective 1.1: Provide adequate warning systems to alert the population about hazard events. 1.1.2 Promote the location and utilization of NOAA allhazard radios with S.A.M.E. technology in all critical/vulnerable facilities, residences, businesses and places of population concentration. 1.1.3 Encourage the installation of additional radio controlled storm warning sirens in areas of population concentration. 1.1.4 Utilize available alert and automated messaging systems to provide storm warning. / / Objective 1.2: Promote public awareness of natural hazards and mitigation alternatives that can reduce risks. 1.2.1 Work with the schools to provide educational materials on natural hazards and ways to reduce risks. Objective 1.3: Provide for safe shelter during weather extremes. 1.3.2 Encourage construction of tornado/severe wind safe rooms in areas of population concentration. 1.3.3 Encourage hazard mitigation construction standards to be incorporated into the design and construction of new public facilities., 2016 & Dade County 911) Health Dept.) Chair/ Trustees, Private Sector, Foundations Local Internal Funds, State and Federal Grants, Private Sector, Grants, Foundations Internal Funds Programmed weather radios in continuous use increased and maintained. Number of radio controlled storm warning sirens increased where determined needed by local jurisdictions. Alert and messaging systems are used and maintained. programs include all hazards that impact the county. Number of safe rooms completed increased above 2013 levels. public facilities constructed reduce risk of damages to property and injuries. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-23
Table 5-7: Overview of Mitigation for Dadeville 1.3.4 Encourage community organizations to continue programs to provide fans, winter weatherization and other donations for vulnerable populations during weather extremes. Goal 2: Preserve and maintain property, infrastructure and the county s local economies. Objective 2.1: Reduce or prevent adverse impacts from natural hazards on properties. 2.1.1 Encourage the installation of emergency backup generators where needed for critical and vulnerable facilities and infrastructure. (County EMA (Health Dept., OACAC) Chair/ Trustees (Local Works) Objective 2.2: Design, enhance, or amend policies that will work to limit the adverse impacts of natural hazard events. 2.2.1 Integrate the goals, objectives and mitigation actions from the Dade County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into existing and new plans, programs and regulations where appropriate. 2.2.4 Implement burn restrictions during time of weather conditions conducive to the spread of wildfire. 2.2.5 Promote the use of fire-resistant construction and landscaping materials. Prevention, Natural Resource Prevention, Prevention, Natural Resource Goal 3: Ensure continued operation of government and emergency functions during a natural hazard event. Objective 3: Maintain and enhance communications and multi-jurisdictional cooperation. 3.1.1 Continue information sharing and collaboration between the county and all jurisdictions and entities responsible for critical/vulnerable facilities and services. 2014-2015 & Chair/ Trustees Chair/ Trustees (Fire Chief) (Fire Chief) Chair/ Trustees (, County EMA, Fire Dept.) Grants, Foundations, Private Sector Programs sustained, donations and distribution supported. Back-up generators installed in all facilities. Elements of the mitigation plan are integrated into programs, plans or regulations as developed or amended. Burn restrictions implemented and enforced. posted on local government and public agency websites. Intergovernmental coordination and collaboration increased June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-24
Table 5-7: Overview of Mitigation for Dadeville 3.1.2 Encourage all communities to have emergency response access to all portions of their jurisdictions. 3.1.3 Review and upgrade equipment as identified and budget for additional emergency equipment to enhance protection and responses during disaster events. 3.1.4 Annually review the Dade County Operations Plan and Hazard Mitigation Plan. 3.1.5 Review emergency access routes and evacuation routes and work with the responsible entities to minimize or reduce identified problems. Chair/ Trustees (, County EMA, Fire Dept., Sheriff s Dept.) Chair/ Trustees () Fire Dept., Sheriff s Dept.), Loans Coordinated programs in effect between emergency service providers. equipment needs budgeted and acquired. Reviews completed and plan updated as needed. access plan in place. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-25
Table 5-8: Overview of Mitigation for Everton Goal 1: Protect citizens from injury and loss of life. Objective 1.1: Provide adequate warning systems to alert the population about hazard events. 1.1.1 Maintain and replace low water crossing markers as needed. 1.1.2 Promote the location and utilization of NOAA allhazard radios with S.A.M.E. technology in all critical/vulnerable facilities, residences, businesses and places of population concentration. 1.1.3 Encourage the installation of additional radio controlled storm warning sirens in areas of population concentration. 1.1.4 Utilize available alert and automated messaging systems to provide storm warning. / / 2014-2015 & Objective 1.2: Promote public awareness of natural hazards and mitigation alternatives that can reduce risks. 1.2.1 Work with the schools to provide educational materials on natural hazards and ways to reduce risks. Objective 1.3: Provide for safe shelter during weather extremes. 1.3.1 Where feasible, retrofit doors and windows in existing critical/vulnerable facilities serving concentrated populations. (Local Works) Dade County 911) Health Dept.) (), Internal Funds, Private Sector, Foundations Local Internal Funds, State and Federal Grants, Private Sector, Grants, Foundations water crossing markers replaced or installed. Programmed weather radios in continuous use increased and maintained. Number of radio controlled storm warning sirens increased where determined needed by local jurisdictions. Alert and messaging systems are used and maintained. programs include all hazards that impact the county. Doors & windows retrofitted as needed. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-26
Table 5-8: Overview of Mitigation for Everton 1.3.2 Encourage construction of tornado/severe wind safe rooms in areas of population concentration. 1.3.3 Encourage hazard mitigation construction standards to be incorporated into the design and construction of new public facilities. 1.3.4 Encourage community organizations to continue programs to provide fans, winter weatherization and other donations for vulnerable populations during weather extremes., Goal 2: Preserve and maintain property, infrastructure and the county s local economies. Objective 2.1: Reduce or prevent adverse impacts from natural hazards on properties. 2.1.1 Encourage the installation of emergency backup generators where needed for critical and vulnerable facilities and infrastructure. 2.1.3 Identify water drainage obstructions and clean out debris from drainage channels and under bridges to lessen flooding potential. 2.1.4 Where feasible, install and/or improve culverts to eliminate water flow restrictions., Natural Resource 2016 & () (County EMA (Health Dept., OACAC) (Local Works) (Local Works) (Local Works) Objective 2.2: Design, enhance, or amend policies that will work to limit the adverse impacts of natural hazard events. 2.2.1 Integrate the goals, objectives and mitigation actions from the Dade County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into existing and new plans, programs and regulations where appropriate. Prevention, Natural Resource Internal Funds Grants, Foundations, Private Sector Budgets Number of safe rooms completed increased above 2013 levels. public facilities constructed reduce risk of damages to property and injuries. Programs sustained, donations and distribution supported. Back-up generators installed in all facilities. Drainage channels maintained as needed. Culverts improved as needed. Elements of the mitigation plan are integrated into programs, plans or regulations as developed or amended. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-27
Table 5-8: Overview of Mitigation for Everton 2.2.2 The NFIP communities of Dade County, Arcola, Everton, Greenfield and Lockwood will enforce floodplain management requirements, including regulating all new and substantially improved construction in the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SPFAs). 2.2.4 Implement burn restrictions during time of weather conditions conducive to the spread of wildfire. 2014-2015 & Prevention (Floodplain Manager) (Fire Chief) NFIP compliance maintained. Burn restrictions implemented and enforced. 2.2.5 Promote the use of fire-resistant construction and landscaping materials., Prevention, Natural Resource (Fire Chief) posted on local government and public agency websites. Goal 3: Ensure continued operation of government and emergency functions during a natural hazard event. Objective 3: Maintain and enhance communications and multi-jurisdictional cooperation. 3.1.1 Continue information sharing and collaboration between the county and all jurisdictions and entities responsible for critical/vulnerable facilities and services. 3.1.2 Encourage all communities to have emergency response access to all portions of their jurisdictions. 3.1.3 Review and upgrade equipment as identified and budget for additional emergency equipment to enhance protection and responses during disaster 2014-2015 & (, County EMA, Fire Dept.) (, County EMA, Fire Dept., Police Dept.) (), Loans Intergovernmental coordination and collaboration increased Coordinated programs in effect between emergency service providers. equipment needs budgeted and acquired. June 2014 FEMA Approved Final Draft 5-28