Cross country analysis of PPP: The case of urban rail Joana Ribeiro, Rui Couchinho, Rosário Macário IST, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal Champika Liyanage, Christopher Boles UCLAN, UK
Contents Introduction identifying CSF of 4 urban rail PPPs Literature Review: CSF Three-step methodology Results from the steps Conclusions
Introduction 4 European case studies, included in the COST action TU1001 Public-Private Partnerships in Transport: Trends & Theory (P3T3) Selected PPPs: Metro Sul do Tejo (MST), Portugal TVR Caen, France Metrolink, UK Brabo1, Belgium
Case studies MST Brownfield & Greenfield Project Contract duration: 30 years Budget: 284 M (construction); 55M (rolling stock & ticketing equipment) TEN-T periphery TVR Caen Brownfield & Greenfield Project Contract duration: 30 years Budget: 230 M (construction) Not included in TEN-T DBFOT model Metrolink Brownfield Project Contract duration: Phase 1:1,5 years; Phase 2: 17 years; Phase 3: 10 years Budget: GBP 1,000 M Not Included in TEN-T BDOM/ DBFO model Brabo 1 Contract duration: 35 years Budget: 125 M (design & Build) Not included in TEN-T
Literature Review: CSF stable political and social environment transparent and predictable legal framework a favorable investment climate a stable macroeconomic environment actual existence of transportation infrastructure needs political, social, and economic environment detailed project planning and evaluation a transparent, competitive and efficient procurement process an appropriate risk allocation project economic efficiency a capable public and private partners a professional relationship between stakeholders project related
Three-step methodology 1 st step 2 nd step 3 rd step
1 st & 2 nd step: Phases & deviations TVR Caen: Tender call opened 5 years after project conception; Second Project tendering process had some delays linked to political changes in the municipality of Caen justification & Metrolink: Project initiated in early 80 s but construction only started in 90 s Tendering Brabo 1: Citizens that were complaining about the project Contract MST: Large compensations to be paid by the State to private partner & Inadequate risk sharing Construction & Operation/ Maintenance MST: Delays in construction resulting in a financial rebalancing agreement TVR Caen: Technical problems; 2 concession contracts ended (20 years in advance) Metrolink: Cost overruns and private party asked for additional compensation Brabo 1: For a certain period of time, the construction of the project was stopped & A full judicial procedure had to be followed in order to continue the works again, and this has led some extra costs
2nd step: Risk sharing
3 rd step: CSF
3 rd step: CSF
Conclusions A common problem in the four cases: the interaction and the relationships of the actors, especially between the government and different stakeholders The CSF identified are not all exclusively of PPP projects Particularly factors of PPP: appropriate risk allocation and transparent, competitive and efficient procurement process Further research: TRUST between the stakeholders of PPP projects
Thank you for your attention! Joana Ribeiro, Rui Couchinho, Rosário Macário IST, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal Champika Liyanage, Christopher Boles UCLAN, UK