Paper 2- Fundamentals of Accounting Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 1
Paper 2- Fundamentals of Accounting Full Marks : 100 Time allowed: 3 hours Section - A 1. (a)choose the correct answer from the given four alternatives: [30 1 = 30] (i) Endowment fund receipt is treated as (a) Capital Receipt (b) Revenue Receipt (c) Loss (d) Expenses (ii) Goods sent on consignment account is of the nature of (a) Personal Account (b) Nominal account (c) Real Account (d) Sales Account (iii) A proforma invoice is sent by (a) consignee to consignor (b) consignor to consignee (c) debtor to consignee (d) debtor to consignor (iv) Bills receivable book is a part of the (a) ledger (b) balance sheet (c) Journal (d) profit and loss account (v) If the due date is a public holiday what will be the due date of the bill (a) following day (b) preceding day (c) the same day only (d) one month later (vi) Accumulated depreciation is an example of (a) A liability (b) An expense (c) An income (d) An unrecorded revenue (vii) Nominal account represents (a) Profit & gain (b) Loss/ Expenses (c) None (d) Both (a) and (b) Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 2
(viii) Prepaid rent is a (a) Nominal A/c (b) representative personal A/c (c) tangible assets account (d) none (ix) Single column cash book may show (a) only a debit balance (b) only a credit balance (c) either debit or a credit balance (d) neither debit nor credit balance (x) Commission will be shared by (a) consignor and consignee (b) only consignee (c) only consignor (d) third party (xi) Under which of the following concepts shareholders are treated as creditors for the amount they paid on the shares they subscribed to? (a) Cost Concept (b) Duality Concept (c) Entity Concept (d) Since the shareholders own the business, they are not treated as creditors (xii) Debit balance in a Personal A/c means (a) Amount due from anyone (b) Amount due to anyone (c) Discount allowed to anyone (d) Goods sold by cash (xiii) Debts for which there is neither any possibility of becoming bad nor any doubt about its realization, will arise in future is called. (a) Bad Debts (b) Doubtful Debts (c) Good Debts (d) None of the above (xiv)which of the following are/is a current asset? (a) Sundry Debtors (b) Stock (c) Prepaid insurance (d) All of (a), (b) and (c) above (xv) If the Closing Stock in the Trading A/c is overcastted by 8,000 the amount of Gross Profit and Net Profit (a) will be Higher by 8,000 (b) will be Lower by 8,000 (c) will not be affected (d) none of the above Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 3
(xvi)cash book does not record (a) Credit purchases (b) Credit sales (c) Outstanding expenses (d) All the these (xvii) Subsidy of 40,000 received from the government per working capital is (a) Revenue Receipt (b) Revenue Expense (c) Capital Receipt (d) Capital Expense (xviii) Gross profit is equal to (a) sales cost of goods sold (b) sales closing stock + purchase (c) opening stock + purchases closing stock (d) none of the above (xix)assets appearing in the books having no real value are known as (a) Fictitious assets (b) Tangible Asset (c) Current Asset (d) None of the Above (xx) The equality of debit and credit of the does not mean that the individual accounts are also accurate. (a) Trial Balance (b) Ledger (c) Journal (d) None of the above (xxi) Goods bought from Mr. P the payment for which is due after a month is recorded in (a) Cash book (b) Purchase book (c) Sales book (d) Sales return book (xxii) For charging depreciation, on which of the following assets, the depletion method is adopted? (a) plant & machinery (b) land & building (c) patent (d) Wasting assets like mines and quarries (xxiii) Sales to Mita of 500 in credit not recorded in the books would affect - (a) Mita s account (b) Sales account (c) Sales account and Mita s account (d) Cash account (xxiv) Retirement of bill means: (a) making payment before the due date (b) cancellation of the bill (c) sending the bill for collection (d) None of the above Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 4
(xxv) The bank reconciliation statement is prepared (a) to rectify the mistakes in the cash book (b) to arrive at the bank balance (c) to bring out the reasons for the difference between the balance as per cash book and the balance as per bank statement (d) to arrive at the cash balance (xxvi) Casting errors is an error in (a) Totaling (b) Principle (c) Both (a) & (b) (d) None of the above (xxvii) Miss Uma has assets of 75,000 and liabilities of 23,000 his capital therefore would be (a) 98,000 (b) 52,000 (c) 25,000 (d) None of these (xxviii) Credit note is sent by (a) Seller (b) Buyer (c) Both (a) & (b) (d) None of the above (xxix) Sales returns book is used to record (a) Returns of fixed assets sold on credit (b) Returns of goods sold for cash (c) Returns of goods sold on credit (d) Sale of goods (xxx) Import duty of raw material purchased (a) Capital expenditure (b) Revenue expenditure (c) Deferred revenue expenditure (d) None of these (b) State whether the following statements are True (or) False: [12 1 = 12] (i) After preparation of ledgers, the next is the preparation of trial balance. (ii) Bank pass book is also known as bank statement. (iii) A person by whom the bill is endorsed is called endorser. (iv) Account sales is a statement furnished by consignor to consignee. (v) Joint venture has a definite life. (vi) Income earned but not received are called accrued incomes. (vii) Capital Account is a liability of the business. (viii) Paper purchased for use as stationery is capital expenditure. (ix) Money Measurement concept assumes that the business has a perpetual succession or continued existence. (x) Trial Balance is a final accounts. (xi) Proceeds from sale of fixed asset are an example of Capital Receipt. (xii) Balance in consignment account shows profit and loss on consignment. Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 5
(i) True; (ii) True; (iii) True; (iv) False; (v) True; (vi) True; (vii) True; (viii) False; (ix) False; (x) False; (xi) True; (xii) True. (c) Match the following: [6 1=6] Column A Column B 1. Asset A. Revenue receipts 2. Sale of goods B. Artificial personal account 3. State Bank of India C. Real account 4. Contra Transaction D. Personal account 5. Harish Account E. Credit side of cash book 6. Debit balance of pass book is F. Cash Book Column A Column B 1. Asset C. Real account 2. Sale of goods A. Revenue receipts 3. State Bank of India B. Artificial personal account 4. Contra Transaction F. Cash Book 5. Harish Account D. Personal account 6. Debit balance of pass book is E. Credit side of cash book Answer any four questions out of six questions [4 8=32] 2. Prepare three column cash book of Mr. Abhishek from the following cash and bank transactions January 1 Opening cash balance was 3,800 and bank balance was 27,500 January 4 Wages paid in cash 1,500 January 5 received cheque of 19,800 from KBK enterprises after allowing discount of 200 January 7 Paid to consultancy charges by cheque for 7,500 January 10 Cash of 2,500 withdrawn from bank January 12 Received a cheque for 4,500 in full settlement of the account of Mr. X at a discount of 10% and deposited the same into the Bank. January 15 X s cheque returned dishonoured by the Bank [8] Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 6
In the Books of Mr. Abhishek Dr. Cash Book Cr. Receipts Payments Date Particulars L.F Cash Bank Dis Allowed Date Particulars L.F Cash Bank Dis received 1-Jan Opening Balance 3,800 27,500 4-Jan Wages paid 1,500 5-Jan Recd from KBK 19,800 200 7-Jan Consultancy fees 7,500 10-Jan Cash withdrawn C 2,500 10-Jan Cash withdrawn C 2,500 12-Jan Mr. X 4,500 500 15-Jan Mr. X 4,500 500 Closing balance 4,800 37,300 6,300 51,800 700 6,300 51,800 500 3. A machine is purchased for 14,00,000. Expenses incurred on its cartage and installation 6,00,000. Calculate the amount of depreciation @ 20% p.a. according to Straight Line Method for the first year ending on 31st March, 2015, if this machine is purchased on: (a) 1st April, 2014 (b) 1st July, 2014 (c) 1st October, 2014 (d) 1st January, 2015 [8] Here, Total Cost of Asset = Purchased Price + Cost of Cartage and Installation = 14,00,000 + 6,00,000 = 20,00,000 = Total Cost of Asset Rate of Depreciation Period from the date of purchase of date od closing accounts 12 (a) The machine was purchased on 1st April, 2014: Amount of Depreciation = 20,00,000 20% 12 12 = 4,00,000 (b) 1st July, 2014 Amount of Depreciation = 20,00,000 20% 9 12 = 3,00,000 (c) 1st October, 2014 Amount of Depreciation = 20,00,000 20% 6 12 = 2,00,000 (d) 1st January, 2015 Amount of Depreciation = 20,00,000 20% 3 12 = 1,00,000 4. From the following particulars, prepare the Bank Reconciliation Statement of Shri Krishan as on 31st March, (i) Balance as per Pass Book is 10,000. (ii) Bank collected a cheque of 500 on behalf of Shri Krishan but wrongly credited it to Shri Kishan s A/c (another customer). (iii) Bank recorded a Cash deposit of 1,589 as 1,598. (iv) Withdrawal column of the Pass Book undercast by 100. (v) The credit balance of 1,500 as on page 5 of the Pass Book was recorded on page 6 as the debit balance. (vi) The payment of a cheque of 350 was recorded twice in the Pass Book. (vii)the Pass Book showed a credit for a cheque of 1,000 deposited by Shri Kishan (another customer of the Bank). [8] Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 7
Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 31 St March Particulars A. Credit Balance as per Pass Book B. Add: (a) Cheque wrongly credited to another customers A/c (b) Error in carrying forward (c) Cheque recorded twice C. Less: (a) Excess credit for Cash Deposit (b) Under casting of withdrawal column (c) Wrong credit Amt. 500 3,000 350 9 100 1,000 Amt. 10,000 3,850 13,850 1,109 D. Debit Balance as per Cash Book 12,741 5. A and B enter into joint venture sharing profit 3/5ths and 2/5ths. A is to purchase timber in Madhya Pradesh and forward it to B in Delhi. A purchases timber worth 10,000 and pays 1,000 as expenses. B received the consigned and immediately accepted A s draft for 8,000. A gets discounted for 7,850. B sold the timber for 16,000. He had to spend 350 for fire insurance and 300 for other expenses. Under the agreement he is entitled to a commission of 5% slaes. Give ledger accounts in the books of A and B. [8] In the books of A Dr. Joint Venture Account Cr. Particulars Particulars To Bank: (purchase of timber) 10,000 By B s A/c (Sales) 16,000 To Bank (Expenses) 1,000 To Bills Receivable A/c (Discount) 150 To B s A/c: Fire Insurance 350 Expenses 300 Commission 800 1,450 To Profit & Loss A/c 2,040 To B s A/c 1,360 3,400 16,000 16,000 Dr. B s Account Cr. Particulars Particulars To Joint Venture A/c 16,000 By Bills Receivable A/c 8,000 By Joint Venture A/c (Expenses & Commission) By Joint Venture A/c (profit) 1,450 1,360 By Bank A/c 5,190 16,000 16,000 Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 8
In the books of B Dr. Joint Venture Account Cr. Particulars Particulars To A s A/c: Purchase of timber 10,000 By Bank A/c (sales) 16,000 Expenses 1,000 B/R (discount) 150 To Bank: Fire Insurance 350 Expenses 300 650 To Commission 800 To A s A/c (profit) 2,040 To P&L A/c 1,360 3,400 16,000 16,000 Dr. A s Account Cr Particulars Particulars To Bills Payable A/c 8,000 By Joint Venture A/c 11,150 To Bank A/c 5,190 By Joint Venture A/c (profit) 2,040 13,190 13,190 6. From the following particulars, prepare Income and Expenditure Account. Fees Collected (including 3,000 on account of last year) 28,000 Meeting Expenses 2,000 Travelling & Conveyance 800 Fees for the year outstanding 5,000 Salary paid (including 300 on account of last year) 2,400 Salary outstanding 400 Entertainment Expenses 500 Tournament Expenses 1,000 Purchase of Books and Periodicals (includes 2,000 for purchase of books) 3,000 Rent 1,200 Postage, Telephone and Telegram charges 1,700 Printing & Stationery 500 Donations received 800 Dr. Income and Expenditure Account Cr. Expenditure Amount Amount Income Amount Amount To Salaries 2,400 By Fees Add: O/s Current Year 28,000 5,000 Less: O/s last year (300) Less Last Year (3,000) Add: O/s Current Year 400 30,000 2,500 By Donation Received 800 To Entertainment Exp 500 To Tournament Exp 1,000 To Meeting Exp. 2,000 [8] Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 9
To Travelling Exp. 800 To Cost of Periodicals 1,000 (3,000-2,000) To Rent 1,200 To Postage, Telephone 1,700 and Telegram charges To Printing & Stationery 500 To Surplus 19,600 30,800 30,800 7. On 01.01.2015 Mita of Srinagar consigned goods value of 20,000 to Rita of Warangal. Mita paid cartage and other expenses 1,500. On 01.04.2015 Rita sent account sales with following information: a) 50% of goods sold for 15,000. b) Rita incurred expenses amounting to 750. c) Rita is entitled to receive commission @ 5% on sales. Bank draft was enclosed for the balance due. Prepare the necessary ledger accounts in the books of Mita. [8] Consignment Account Dr. Cr. Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 01/01/2015 To Goods sent on 20,000 01/04/2015 By Rita (Sales) 15,000 Consignment A/c 01/01/2015 To Bank /Cash A/c 1,500 01/04/2015 By Closing Stock 10,750 01/04/2015 To Rita (Exp.) 750 01/04/2015 To Rita (Com) 750 To P/L A/c (profit) 2750 25,750 25,750 W. N: - Total goods sent 100% Cost of goods 20,000 (-) Sold 50% (+) Consignor exp. 1,500 Remaining 50% 21,500 100% 21,500 50% 21,500 50% = 10,750 Dr. Consignee Account Cr. Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 01/04/2015 To Consignment A/c 15,000 01/04/2015 By Consignment(Exp.) 750 Dr. 01/04/2015 By Consignment(Com.) 750 By Bank A/c (B. F) 13,500 15,000 15,000 Goods Sent on Consignment Account Cr. Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 01/01/2015 To Trading A/c 20,000 01/01/2015 By Consignment 20,000 20,000 20,000 Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 10
Section B 8. Choose the correct answer: [12 1=12] (i) Costs are classified into fixed costs, variable costs and semi-variable costs, it is known as (a) functional classification (b) behavioral classification (c) element wise classification (d) classification according to controllability (ii) Prime cost may be correctly termed as (a) the sum of direct material and labour cost with all other costs excluded (b) the total of all cost items which can be directly charged to product units (c) The total costs incurred in producing a finished unit (d) the sum of the large cost there in a product cost (iii) Direct expenses are also known as (a) Overhead expenses (b) process expenses (c) chargeable expenses (d) None (iv) Prime cost plus factory overheads is known as (a) Factory on cost (b) Conversion cost (c) Factory cost (d) Marginal cost (v) The works cost plus administration expenses (a) Total Cost (b) Cost of production (c) cost of sales (d) Factory cost (vi) Which of the following is not a relevant cost? (a) Replacement cost (b) Sunk cost (c) Marginal cost (d) standard cost (vii)cost units of Hospital Industry is (a) Tonne (b) Student per year (c) Kilowatt Hour (d) Patient Day (viii) Depreciation is a example of (a) Fixed Cost (b) Variable Cost (c) Semi Variable Cost (d) None of these Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 11
(ix) Cost which can be identified easily is called as (a) Indirect cost (b) Direct cost (c) variable cost (d) fixed cost (x) Notional cost is also known as (a) Imputed cost (b) Opportunity cost (c) Out of pocket cost (d) Variable cost (xi) Statement showing break-up of costs is known as (a) cost-sheet (b) statement of profit (c) production account (d) Tender (xii) Those costs which do not vary with the change in the volume of production up to a given range, is called (a) Opportunity Cost (b) Fixed Cost (c) Variable Cost (d) Semi-Variable Cost Answer any one question out of two questions [1 8=8] 9. Prime Cost is 41,000. Direct labour cost consists of skilled labour 6,000 and unskilled labour 2,000.Variable works overhead is 100% of direct wages and fixed works overhead is 60% of direct wages. Sale of scrap is 1,800. Find works cost. [8] Particulars Prime Cost 41,000 Works Overhead: Add: Variable 100% direct wages 8,000 Add: Fixed 60% direct wages 4,800 Less: Sale of scrap (1,800) Works Cost 52,000 10. Mr. Prasad furnishes the following data relating to the manufacture of a standard product during the month of April, 2015: Raw materials consumed 15,000 Direct labour charges 9,000 Machine hours worked 900 Machine hour rate 5 Administrative overheads Selling overheads 20% on works cost 0.50 per unit Units produced 17,100 Units sold 16,000 at 4 per unit. Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 12
You are required to prepare a cost sheet from the above, showing: (a) the cost per unit (b) profit per unit sold and profit for the period. [8] Statement of Cost Total Raw materials consumed 15,000 Direct labour charges 9,000 Prime cost 24,000 Factory expenses (900 hrs, @ 5 per hr) 4,500 Works cost 28,500 Administrative overheads (20% on works cost) 5,700 Per unit Cost of production 34,200 2.00 ( 34,200 17,100) Statement of profit Cost of production of 16,000 units @ 2 per unit 32,000 Selling overheads @ 50 paise per unit for 16,000 units 8,000 Cost of sales 40,000 Profit for the period 24,000 Sales (16,000 units @ 4 unit) 64,000 Profit per unit sold = 24,000 16,000 = 1.50 Academics Department, The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 13