Good Governance for River Basin Management Institutional and Governmental Stakeholders Case of Progo Opak Serang River Basin Territory [INDONESIA] Madrid, 26 May 2010 Sugiyanto Director of Water Resources Management Directorate of Water Resources Ministry of Public Works 1
Country Background Indonesia:17,508 islands, 6,000 islands inhabited. Population: 232 million, growth rate of 1.66%. 1/5 Rainfall : 800-4000 mm/year, concentrated within 5 months, the other 7 months faces dry season. 33 provinces, 400 regencies and 92 cities. Water resources management is based on RBT (a territory unitary of WRM in one or more river basins and/or small islands). 2
2/5 Country Background Central gov t. responsible to manage inter-state, inter-provinces, and nationally strategic RBTs, Provincial gov t. responsible to manage inter-districts RBTs, and district/regency gov t. responsible to manage RBTs in one district/regency. Java island loaded with 65% of total population, currently faces problem in water quantity and quality include emerging conflicts between competing uses (agriculture, industry, municipal). The overuse of utilizing groundwater especially in rapidly growing urban areas. 3
3/5 Country Background The condition of water resources in Indonesia has come to the stage that the present trends of overconsumption, pollution, and increasing threat of droughts and floods. The whole area is divided into 133 river basin territories (RBTs) where 69 RBTs are central government responsibilities and the rest of 64 RBTs are local government responsibilities. The implementation of water management in RBTs are done by river basin territory management units (river basin organizations/ RBO s). 4
4/5 Progo Opak Serang River Basin Territory Progo Opak Serang RBT is inter-provinces RBT It comprises 2 provinces dan 8 regencies/ cities It consists of 3 river basins : Progo, Opak, Serang Total area of Progo Opak Serang RBT is 4.077 km 2 Longest river in this RBT is Progo River with the length of 138 km, average discharge of 30.30 m 3 /s, maximum discharge of 205 m 3 /s, and minimum discharge of 6.50 m 3 /s. There is also underground s river in Gunung Kidul regency with the area of 924 km 2 5
5/5 Progo Opak Serang River Basin Territory Population: 5.39 million(2006), growth rate: 1.25% Economic growth: - Central Java Province: 5.33% - Yogyakarta Special Region Province: 4.82%. Topography conditions: - mountain and hilly area (upstream) - lowland area (downstream) 3 zones of hilly and mountain area Mt. Merapi is an active volcano in this RBT Varied rainfall: 1700 mm - 4000 mm Varied temperature: 24.51 C - 26.24 C 6
Map Of Progo Opak Serang River Basin Territory P E T A D A S D I W S P R O G O - O P A K - S E R A N G 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 5 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 4 7 5 0 0 0 m T mu 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 9200000 T E M A N G G U N G W S J R A G U N G T U N T A N G K E N D A L 9200000 9150000 9100000 I N Z E T ( S k a la 1 : 5.0 0 0.0 0 0 ) P R O P. J A W A T E N G A H D I Y P R O P. J A W A T I M U R S A M U D E R A H I N D I A 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 9200000 9150000 9100000 9200000 9175000 W O N O S O B O K O T A M A G E L A N G 9175000 M A G E L A N G B O Y O L A L I P U R W O R E J O D A S P R O G O 915 50000 W S S E R A Y U B O G O W O N T O W S P R O G O O P SA L K E M A N D A S O P A K K L A T E N W S B E N G A W A N S O L O 91500 000 K U L O N P R O G O D A S S E R A N G K O T A Y O G Y A K A R T A K A R A N G A N Y A R W O N O G IR I 9125000 S A M U D B A N T U L S U B D A S O Y O 9125000 E R A H I N D I A G U N U N G K I D U L U 9100000 9100000 0 5 10 1 5 2 0 K i lo m e te r s 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 5 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 4 7 5 0 0 0 B a ta s D A S D a s O p a k L e g e n d a : B a t a s P r o p in s i P O L A P E N G E L O L A A N S U M B E R D A Y A A IR P E K E R J A A N : W IL A Y A H S U N G A I P R O G O O P A K S E R A N G S u b D a s O yo D a s P r o go D a s S e ra n g B a t a s K a b u p a t e n / K ot a B a t a s K e c a m a ta n B a t a s D a e ra h A li ra n S u n g a i G a r i s P a nt a i S u m b e r : 1. P e t a R B I 1 : 2 5. 0 0 0, t ah u n 2 0 0 4 2. D at a U P P S D A D IY, P L A N N IN G U N IT P S D A J A T E N G & G G W R M, 2 0 0 5 3. A n a l is is K o n s u lt a n 2 0 0 8 S u n g a i D E P A R T E M E N P E K E R J A A N U M U M D I R E K T O R A T J E N D E R A L S U M B E R D A Y A A I R B A L A I B E S A R W I L A Y A H S U N G A I S E R A Y U - O P A K S A T K E R P E L A K S A N A P E N G E L O L A A N S D A S E R A Y U - O P A K 7
Legal Arrangements Law No.7/2004 (Water Resources), WRM in Indonesia based on river basin territory (RBT). Government Reg. No.42/2008 (WRM) Institutional Arrangements On a national scale: 31 RBOs for central government responsibilities and 57 RBOs for local government responsibilities Institutional framework/roles Financial Arrangements Using budget from national and local government From donors (World Bank, JICA, ADB) 8
Institutional Framework/Roles Minister, Governor, Regent, Mayor, legislatif REGULATOR DEVELOPER Government, corporate : private/ public Implementation Unit : Forestry, Water Resources, Local Government OPERATOR COORDINATION BOARD (WATER COUNCIL) USER and PUBLIC User: Agriculture, Energy, Industry, Plantation Public: Expert/ NGO /Customary Community 9
Challenges for Improving Water Security Imbalance between supply and demand in spatial and temporal perspective Degraded river basin conditions Water supply and sanitation provision Limited budget allocation of the institutions Lack of human resources Climate change impacts Lessons Learned to date Water Resources Law Integrated Water Resources Management 10
Using the IWRM Spiral Model Short Term Dev. Plan phase II (2017-2021) [2016-2020] RBT Integrated Road Map II Short Term Dev. Plan phase I (2012-2016) MP 2010 (2011-2030) Strategic Plan 2007 (2008-2027) [2011-2015] RBT Integrated Road Map I [2007-2010] Integrated Master Plan Establish RBO (End of 2006) [2003--2006] Water Policy Regional Dev ment Plan phase III (2006-2011) National Water Policy Reform (2003 ) 11
Using the IWRM Spiral Model Conceptualizing RBT Roadmap (2005) 1. Recognizing & identifying National Water Policy Reform (2003) Conceptualizing RBO Structure (2005) Establishing water council (2009) 2. Conceptualizing 3. Coordinating & planning 4. Implementing, monitoring & evaluating Implementation of RBT MP (2007-2015) RBT MP 2010 (2011-2030) Coordination and Agreement of the Integrated Roadmap (2011) [2016-2020] RBT Integrated Road Map II [2011-2015] RBT Integrated Road Map I [2007-2010] Integrated Master Plan [2003--2006] National Water Policy Implementation of the RBT Integrated Roadmap (2012-2016) Legend Past Activities Future Activities National Water Policy Reform (2003 ) Note: 1. Implementation of RBT MP (2007-2016) based on Strategic Plan 2007 & other development plans 2. Regional Development Plan phase III is based on Master plan 1980 (continuation) 12
Infrastructure measures: rehabilitation of irrigation scheme construction of dams/small dams optimizing of wellspring water supply intake from water sources restructuring of water sources for fish pound rehabilitation of land and soil conservation (technical civil) rain harvesting 13
Non infrastructure measures: (mostly by sharing with other institutions related) rehabilitation of land and soil conservation (vegetation) land use to follow spatial plan prerequisite to provide absorbing well for certification of housing/building constructions water quality classification at a certain rivers which are supported by regulation communal waste water treatment plant communal septic tank data and information 14
Capacity buildings measures: water resources O & M water allocation flood plain management public empowerment public awareness campaign improving the performance of water council at river basin territory 15
As Institutional and Governmental Stakeholders Legal Arrangements Strategic plan Implementation plan or Master plan Technical recommendations Institutional Arrangements River Basin Territory water council Performance benchmarking of RBO Financial Arrangements National budget Sharing with local governments & other institutions Public Private Partnership WRM service fee 16
Envisage Key Areas for Knowledge Networking Water resources law Water resources institution Data and information Public awareness Water council Disaster management Topics / Challenges for Partnerships with Spain How far the implementation of private water resources How far the implementation of WRM service fee 17
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