PSA-CAR SPECIAL RELEASE PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY Volume 2 No. 03 January 2017 Cordillera Administrative Region LABOR STATISTICS Labor Force Participation in CAR January 2016 The Labor Force Survey (LFS) provides a snapshot or the stock of economically active persons in the country at a particular point or reference period. It aims to monitor the changes in the employment status of persons in the working age population (employed, unemployed and not in the labor force) during a specified time period using the Labor Force Framework. The LFS concept and measurement follows the international standards concerning statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment adopted by the 13 th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) in October 1982 at Geneva, Switzerland. CAR Labor Force Participation Rate (LFRP) is 67.0% The results of the January 2016 Labor Force Survey (LFS) showed that the Philippines labor force participation rate of persons whose age is 15 years old and over was estimated at 63.3% or about 42.52 Million. Among the regions, Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) had the highest LFPR at 67.0%, followed by Cagayan Valley at 65.9%, and MIMAROPA at 65.6%. CALABARZON region ranked fourth with 65.1% LFPR translated to about 5,651,000 persons in the labor force. The region s LFPR increased by 0.6 percentage point from 66.4% in October 2015 to 67.0% in January 2016. Table 1. Labor Force Participation Rate, Top 4 Regions: January 2016 Country/ Region Total Population 15 Years Old and Over Total Labor Force Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (%) Philippines 67,160,000 42,520,000 63.3 CAR 1,194,000 800,000 67.0 Region II: Cagayan Valley Region IV-B: MIMAROPA Region IV-A: CALABARZON 2,362,000 1,556,000 65.9 2072,000 1,360,000 65.6 8,684,000 5,651,000 65.1 Source: January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority
P S A - C A R S p e c i a l R e l e a s e : L a b o r F o r c e P a r t i c i p a t i o n, J a n 2 0 1 6 P a g e 2 Employment Rate in CAR Decreased by 0.3% The number of employed persons decreased by 0.3 percentage point from 95.9% in October 2015 to 95.6% in January 2016. Table 2. Percentage of Employed Persons in the Labor Force of CAR: October 2015 and January 2016 LABOR FORCE EMPLOYMENT RATE PARTICIPATION RATE Oct 2015 (%) Jan 2016 (%) Oct 2015 (%) Jan 2016 (%) Philippines 63.3 63.3 94.4 94.2 CAR 66.4 67.0 95.9 95.6 Source: January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority More Males Employed in CAR Of the 765,000 employed persons in CAR for January 2015, 59.9% were males while 40.1% were females. Employed males in the region increased by 0.5 percentage point from the 59.4% employed in October 2015 to 59.9% in 2015. On the other hand, employed females decreased by 0.5 percentage point from 40.6% employed females in October 2015 to 40.1% in January 2016. Figure 1: Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Sex, CAR: October 2015 and January 2016 100.0 90.0 EMPLOYED PERSONS (%) 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 59.4 59.9 40.6 40.1 10.0 0.0 MALE FEMALE October 2015 MALE FEMALE January 2016 Source: October 2015 and January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority
P S A - C A R S p e c i a l R e l e a s e : L a b o r F o r c e P a r t i c i p a t i o n, J a n 2 0 1 6 P a g e 3 High School Graduates Dominate Employment As to educational attainment of employed persons, 36.1% had High School education of which 23.0% graduated while 13.1% did not graduate. Employed persons with College education followed with 31.4% of the total employed persons in the region. Of these, 20.4% graduated while 11.0% did not finish College. Employed persons with Elementary level education came third with a share of 28.0% of the employed persons, of which 12.7% graduated while 15.3% did not graduate. Employed persons with Post-Secondary level education accounted to only 2.9% of the total employed persons in the region. There were 2.5% employed persons who graduated while 0.4% were undergraduates. The percentage of employed persons in CAR for January 2016 with no education or grade level completed was at 2.0%. Figure 2. Employed Persons by Highest Grade Completed, CAR: January 2016 EMPLOYED PERSONS (%) 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 23.0 20.4 15.3 12.7 13.1 11.0 2.0 2.5 0.0 0.4 No Grade Elementary High School Post-Secondary College Levels of Education Undergraduate Graduate Source: January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority Agriculture Industry Employs the Most Agriculture and Forestry continued to be the biggest employer in the region with 43.9% share in January 2016. However, the share of the industry decreased by 3.8 percentage points compared to October 2015.
P S A - C A R S p e c i a l R e l e a s e : L a b o r F o r c e P a r t i c i p a t i o n, J a n 2 0 1 6 P a g e 4 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles ranked as the second largest sub-industry with 12.4% of the total employed persons in January 2016. Construction made up the third largest sub-industry accounting for 7.7% in January 2016. This was an increase of 1.7 percentage points compared to October 2015. Manufacturing shared only 2.2% of the total employed persons in the region in January 2016 considering that this sub-industry contributes the most to the regional economy. Table 3. Employed Persons by Major Industry Groups in CAR: October 2015 and January 2016 Major Industry Group October 2015 Share (%) January 2016 Share (%) Total of Employed Persons 758,000 100.0 765,000 100.0 1. Agriculture and Forestry 361,000 47.7 336,000 43.9 2. Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles 87,000 11.5 95,000 12.4 3. Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security 50,000 6.5 58,000 7.6 4. Construction 46,000 6.0 59,000 7.7 5. Transportation and Storage 33,000 4.4 32,000 4.2 6. Accommodation and Food Service Activities 32,000 4.2 28,000 3.7 7. Education 32,000 4.2 35,000 4.6 8. Other Service Activities 27,000 3.6 31,000 4.0 9. Administrative and Support Service Activities 21,000 2.7 22,000 2.9 10. Manufacturing 19,000 2.5 17,000 2.2 11. Mining and Quarrying 18,000 2.3 20,000 2.6 12. Human Health and Social Work Activities 10,000 1.4 8,000 1.0 13. Financial and Insurance Activities 7,000 1.0 4,000 0.5 14. Information and Communication 6,000 0.8 7,000 0.9 15. Arts Entertainment and Recreation 3,000 0.4 4,000 0.5 16. Professional Scientific and Technical Activities 3,000 0.4 3,000 0.4 17. Electricity Gas Steam and Air-conditioning Supply 2,000 0.2 2,000 0.3 18. Water Supply; Sewerage Waste Management and Remediation Activities 1,000 0.1 1,000 0.1 19. Fishing and Aquaculture * * 1,000 0.1 20. Real Estate Activities * * * * 21. Activities of Households as Employers; Undifferentiated Goods- and Services-Producing - 0-0 Activities of Households for Own Use 22. Activities of Extraterritorial Organizations and Bodies - 0-0 Note: * Less than 500 Source: October 2015 and January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority
P S A - C A R S p e c i a l R e l e a s e : L a b o r F o r c e P a r t i c i p a t i o n, J a n 2 0 1 6 P a g e 5 Laborers and Unskilled Workers Comprise 33.3% Among the occupation groups, laborers and unskilled workers remained to be the largest group of employed persons in CAR with 33.3% of the total regional employment in January 2016. This decreased by 1.37 percentage points compared to October 2015. Farmers, forestry workers, and fishermen ranked as the second largest occupation group with 21.04% of the total employed persons in January 2016, which decreased by 0.4 percentage points from October 2015. Officials and employees of the government and special Interest organizations, corporate executives, managers, managing proprietors, and supervisors made up the third largest occupational group accounting for 13.6% in January 2016. The rest of the major occupation groups comprised 32.0% of the total employed persons in the entire labor force of the region in January 2016. Table 4. Employed Persons by Major Occupation Groups in CAR: October 2015 and January 2016 Major Occupation Groups October 2015 Share (%) January 2016 Share (%) Total of Employed Persons 758,000 100.0 765,000 100.0 1. Laborers and Unskilled Workers 263,000 34.7 255,000 33.3 2. Farmers, Forestry Workers, and Fishermen 163,000 21.5 161,000 21.0 3. Officials of Government and Special Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors, and 96,000 12.7 104,000 13.6 Supervisors 4. Service Workers and Shop and Market Sales Workers 68,000 9.0 65,000 8.5 5. Professionals 44,000 5.8 44,000 5.7 6. Trade and Related Workers 39,000 5.1 46,000 6.0 7. Clerks 33,000 4.4 34,000 4.4 8. Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers 24,000 3.2 22,000 2.9 9. Technicians and Associate Professionals 23,000 3.0 29,000 3.8 10. Special Occupations 5,000 0.7 5,000 0.7 Source: October 2015 and January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority
P S A - C A R S p e c i a l R e l e a s e : L a b o r F o r c e P a r t i c i p a t i o n, J a n 2 0 1 6 P a g e 6 Underemployment at 24.3% The underemployment rate of CAR was 24.3% and the visible underemployment rate was 10.8% for January 2016. The total underemployment in CAR was 194,000, of which 55.7% of the underemployed persons already worked 40 hours per week and over. Meanwhile, those who work less than 40 hours a week accounted for 44.3% of the total underemployed population in the region. Figure 3. Distribution of Underemployed Persons by Working Hours In CAR: January 2016 Worked less than 40 hours, 44.3% Work 40 hours and over, 55.7% Source: January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority Unemployment at 4.2% Unemployment rate in the region increased by 0.15 percentage point, from 4.1% in October 2015 to 4.25% in January 2016. The unemployed male population accounted for 47% of the total unemployed persons in the region, while 53% were unemployed females. Table 5. Distribution of Unemployed Persons by Sex in CAR: January 2016 UNEMPLOYED PERSONS PERCENTAGE October 2015 January 2016 October 2015 January 2016 Male 19,000 16,000 59% 47% Female 13,000 18,000 41% 53% CAR 32, 000 34, 000 100% 100% Source: October 2015 and January 2016 Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority
P S A - C A R S p e c i a l R e l e a s e : L a b o r F o r c e P a r t i c i p a t i o n, J a n 2 0 1 6 P a g e 7 Technical Notes In the Labor Force or Economically Active Population - This refers to population 15 years old and over who are either employed or unemployed in accordance with the definitions described below. Employed Persons - Persons who, during the reference period are 15 years and over as of their last birthday and are reported either: a. At work - Those who do any work even for one hour during the reference period for pay or profit, or work without pay on the farm or business enterprise operated by a member of the same household related by blood, marriage or adoption; or b. With a job but not at work - Those who have a job or business but are not at work because of temporary illness/injury, vacation or other reasons. Likewise, persons who expect to report for work or to start operation of a farm or business enterprise within two weeks from the date of the enumerator's visit, are considered employed. Underemployed Persons - Employed persons who express the desire to have additional hours of work in their present job or an additional job; or to have a new job with longer working hours. Visibly underemployed persons are those who work for less than 40 hours during the reference period and want additional hours of work. Unemployed Persons - Persons who, during the reference period are 15 years old and over as of their last birthday who have no job/business and actively looking for work. Also considered as unemployed are persons without a job or business who are reported not looking for work because of their belief that no work was available or because of temporary illness/disability, bad weather, pending job application or waiting for job interview. Persons Not in the Labor Force - Persons 15 years old and over who are neither employed nor unemployed according to the definitions mentioned. It refers to those persons who are not looking for work because of reasons such as housekeeping, schooling, etc. Examples are housewives, students, disabled or retired persons. Work - Any economic activity that a person does for pay in cash or in kind, in any establishment, office, farm, private home or for profit or without pay on a family farm or enterprise. It also includes what a farm operator or member of the operator's family does on the farm operated by another household on exchange labor arrangement. Work also refers to any activity that a person does in relation to minor activities in home gardening, raising of crops, fruits, hogs, poultry etc., fishing for home consumption and manufacturing for own use are also considered work. There must be some harvest in the case of home gardening, raising of crops, fruits and nuts and gathering of wild fruits and vegetables; animals disposed of (sold, consumed, bartered or given away) or some catch in fishing in order that these activities will be considered work. Unpaid family workers or those who work without pay on own family-operated farm or business - These are members of the family who assist another member in the operation of the family farm or business enterprise, and who do not receive any wage or salary for their work. The room and board, and any cash allowance given as incentives are not counted as compensation for these family workers. Number of hours worked - This refers to the total number of hours a person actually worked in all the jobs/businesses that he held. It includes the duration or the period the person was occupied in his work, including overtime, but excluding hours paid but not worked. The normal working hours per day is the usual or prescribed working hours of a person in his primary job/business which is considered a full day's work.
P S A - C A R S p e c i a l R e l e a s e : L a b o r F o r c e P a r t i c i p a t i o n, J a n 2 0 1 6 P a g e 8 For more information, please contact: Mail: PSA - CAR, Regional Office 141 CTLL Bldg. Abanao Extension, Baguio City Tel. Nos.: (074) 442-7449 Telefax No.: (074) 443-7763 Email: Website: socd_psacar@yahoo.com psacordillera@yahoo.com.ph psacordillera.esy.es