Checking Account Simulation Understanding Checking Accounts
What is a Checking Account? 1.7.1.G1 Tool used to transfer funds deposited into the account to make a cash purchase Could also be named a transaction account Common financial service used by many consumers Available at depository institutions Traditionally called banks
Checking Accounts 1.7.1.G1 continued Services and fees will vary depending upon the financial institution Research the financial institution and type of account before choosing Many financial institutions offer telephone and internet banking services to customers
Benefits Can help to manage money Written record of expenses Check register Makes bill paying more convenient Reduces the need to carry large amounts of cash Most liquid of cash management tools Considered cash
How Do They Work? Money is deposited into the account with a deposit slip Pay the transaction by: Writing a check Using an ATM and/or debit card Using electronic banking
Characteristics Funds are easily accessible through: A check Automated teller machine (ATM) Debit card Telephone Internet
What is a Check? Used at the time of purchase as the form of payment Piece of paper pre-printed with the account holder s: Name Address Financial institution Identification numbers To completed check, fill in the: Amount Payee To whom the check was written Date Signature
Bouncing a Check Check written for an amount over the current balance held in the account Bounces due to insufficient funds Assessed a substantial fee by both the financial institution and the payee Can cause harm to credit report Financial institutions report to credit bureaus the account holder s failure/success to manage his/her checking account properly Used as a guide for future inquiries for credit
Other Checking 1.7.1.G1 Components Register Place to immediately record all monetary transactions for a checking account Checkbook Written checks, ATM withdrawals, debit card purchases, deposits, fees, etc. Contains the checks and the register to track monetary transactions
What is an ATM? Automated teller machine (ATM) Also called cash machines Electronic computer terminals offering automated, computerized banking Allows customers to perform transactions just as they would through a teller Deposits, cash withdrawals, account transfers, check account balances
ATMs continued Transactions at an ATM are automatically posted to account Immediately record all transactions into the checkbook register Good option for evenings or weekends when financial institutions are closed
ATM Availability Available most places around the U.S. giving customers access to money when away from home Can also be found worldwide Found in a variety of places including: Financial institutions Supermarkets Convenience stores Shopping centers
ATM Fees ATMs are owned by different financial institutions Fees may be charged to the account for ATM use Fees range from $0.50 to $5.00 Usually free to account holders of the financial institution
ATM Card Card given to account holder to make financial transactions at ATMs In the shape of a credit card, but can only be used in designated places Must use personal identification number (PIN) to access the account A protected number given or chosen by the account holder to allow access to the account
PINs Required at ATM as a safety measure so other people cannot access the account with the only the ATM card Choose a PIN which is not easily identified For example phone number, birthday Instead of requiring a PIN, some ATMs may read a person s face, fingerprint, or eye s iris to confirm identity
What is a Debit Card? Looks like a credit card, but is connected to the cardholder s checking account for transactions Money is automatically withdrawn from account when transaction occurs Prevents overdrafts Transaction cannot be completed without sufficient funds
Debit Cards continued Some are dual function cards One card performs both functions for ATMs and debit cards Clarify whether or not the card is an ATM card, a debit card, or both
Using a Debit Card To make a purchase Debit card is swiped like a credit card Cardholder signs a printed receipt Record transactions immediately into check register Most can be used at retail establishments accepting major credit cards Many have the Visa or MasterCard logo
Debit Cards continued Pros Convenient Small Can be used like a credit card Allows a person to carry less cash Does not allow overspending Cons Can lose track of balance if transactions are not immediately written down Opens checking account up to credit card fraud If lost, anyone can use it Someone else can gain access to account if card is found and PIN is learned
Types of Accounts Available 1.7.1.G1 Financial institutions offer different types of checking accounts All have own characteristics Research all of the requirements and restrictions before opening the account Basic types/guidelines include: Regular checking Free checking Special checking Interest-Earning checking
Regular Checking No monthly charge if minimum balance is maintained No interest is given Unlimited check writing
Free Checking No charges or fees for using the account No minimum balance required Unlimited check writing Usually for a specific group: Students Seniors
Special Checking Generally for people who write only a few checks and keep a low balance Basic account which pays no interest Monthly service charge or fee for each transaction May have restrictions on number of transactions each month
Interest-Earning 1.7.1.G1 Checking Pays interest on money in account Usually the lowest interest rate of all the cash management tools Minimum balance required Unlimited check writing Called a share draft at credit unions
Opening a Checking 1.7.1.G1 Account Most applications are completed on a computer to process quickly Customer may have to complete a brief hand-written application to be entered into the computer by new accounts personnel Customer must have: Picture identification Name, address, phone number, and social security number
Opening continued If customer is approved, he/she completes a signature card Contains account information about the new account and his/her signature Used to verify the signature for each signed transaction for the account to prevent fraud Completion of the signature card means the customer agrees to all terms and conditions of the account
Signature Card example
Opening continued If offered, customers may choose to have an ATM and/or debit card for the account May be required to complete another form An initial deposit must be made Amount will vary among different financial institutions and type of account
Ordering Checks New customers are provided starter checks to use until the ordered checks arrive Generic checks with account number and financial institution preprinted Customer information is hand written Many businesses do not accept starter checks Take this into consideration before making the initial deposit Ordered checks may take 5 to 10 business days to arrive
Ordering continued Personal information on checks Name Address Optional: phone number, driver s license number DO NOT put the account holder s social security number on the check for security reasons
Ordering continued Design of the check is customer s choice Customer pays for checks Price depends on the style Style of the check does not change how a check works Some financial institutions may offer basic checks free of charge Single or duplicate checks are available
Ordering continued Single Duplicate (carbon copy) No records of written checks Each check must be logged in the register immediately to track transactions Provides a written record of each check with the carbon copy Convenient in case the check was not recorded into register immediately
Endorsement Endorsing a Check Signature on the back of the check from receiving person approving it for deposit A check must be endorsed to be deposited Three types Blank Restrictive Special Safest way to endorse the check is to wait until going to the financial institution to deposit or cash the check
Blank Endorsement Receiver of the check signs his/her name Anyone can cash or deposit the check after has been signed
Restrictive Endorsement More secure than blank endorsement Receiver writes for deposit only above his/her signature Allows the check to only be deposited
Special Endorsement Receiver signs and writes pay to the order of (fill in person s name) Allows the check to be transferred to a second party Also known as a two-party check
Making a Deposit Deposit slip Contains the account holder s account number and allows money (cash or check) to be deposited into the correct account Located in the back of the checkbook Complete a deposit slip to make a deposit Give to financial institution along with cash and/or check Checks must be endorsed to be deposited Deposited amount must be recorded in the check register to keep the balance current
Completing a Deposit Slip 1.7.1.G1 Date The date the deposit is being made
Completing a Deposit Slip 1.7.1.G1 Signature Line Sign this line to receive cash back
Completing a Deposit Slip 1.7.1.G1 Cash The total amount of cash being deposited
Completing a Deposit 1.7.1.G1 Slip Checks List each check individually Identify each check on the deposit slip by abbreviating the name of the check writer
Completing a Deposit 1.7.1.G1 Slip Checks If more checks are being deposited than number of spaces on the front, use the back List each check Add the total, enter it on the front
Completing a Deposit Slip 1.7.1.G1 Total from Other Side The total amount from all checks listed on the back
Completing a Deposit Slip 1.7.1.G1 Subtotal The total amount of cash and checks
Completing a Deposit 1.7.1.G1 Slip Less Cash Received The amount of cash back being received This amount is not deposited into account
Completing a Deposit 1.7.1.G1 Slip Net Deposit The amount being deposited into the account To calculate the amount, subtract the cash received from the subtotal
Writing a Check To pay for items using a checking account A check is given as a form of payment Must be completed and given to the person or business Pre-printed items on a check Name and address of account holder Name and address of financial institution Check number Identification numbers (account, routing)
Writing a Check Personal Information Account holder s name and address May include a phone number, not required DO NOT list a social security number for safety reasons
Writing a Check Check Number Numbers used to identify checks Printed chronologically
Writing a Check Date The date the check is written
Writing a Check Pay to the Order of The name of the person or business to whom the check is being written
Writing a Check Amount of the Check in Numerals The amount of the check written numerically in the box Write the cents smaller and underline Write the numbers directly next the dollar sign to prevent someone else from adding numbers to change the amount
Writing a Check Amount of the Check in Words The amount of the check written in words on the second line Start at the far left of the line, write the amount in words, followed by and, and the amount of cents over 100; draw a line from the end of the words to the word dollars
Writing a Check Memo Space used to identify the reason for writing a check; optional Good place to write information requested by a company when paying a bill, generally the account number
Writing a Check Signature The account holder s signature agreeing to the transaction
Writing a Check Identification Numbers First - routing numbers to identify the account s financial institution Second - account number Third - check number
Check 21 Check Clearing for the 21 st Century Act (Check 21) Current trend that changes how money is withdrawn from customers account and deposited into businesses account
How Check 21 Works Prior to Check 21 Paper checks physically moved from customer to business to various banks and the transfer of money from customer s bank to business bank took days After Check 21 Paper checks are scanned into a computer system at the place of business and immediately returned to the customer. This electronic copy of the check is called a substitute check. The substitute check is then transferred electronically to various banks and the transfer of money customer s bank to business bank takes hours
Check Register Place to immediately record all monetary transactions for a checking account Written checks, ATM withdrawals, debit card purchases, deposits, fees, etc. Used to keep a running balance of the account Remember - Record every transaction!
Check Register Date The date the check was written or transaction was made
Check Register Number The number of the written check; if a debit card or ATM was used, write DC or ATM
Check Register Description of Transaction The person/business the check was written to or where the debit card was used Gray line can be used to write the memo
Check Register Payment/Debit(-) Amount of the transaction Deducted from the balance
Check Register Deposit/Credit(+) Amount of the transaction Added to the balance
Check Register T A box used to track whether the check has cleared on the monthly bank statement when reconciling at the end of each month
Check Register Fee (if any) Any extra fees charged to the account Listed on the bank statement
Check Register Balance The running total of the checking account Calculated by adding or subtracting each transaction Keep this updated
Monthly Statement Lists each monetary transaction and the current account balance for a specified time period Includes: Dates Identification for each transaction (number or type, date, amount) Transaction amounts for withdrawals and/or deposits Interest earned (if applicable) Fees or charges (if applicable)
Monthly Statement continued 1.7.1.G1 If customer holds more than one account at the same financial institution May receive one statement For example: a checking savings account May be mailed separately for both and a
Reconciling a Checking Account Reconcile Balance the checkbook register each month to the balance shown on the statement Do this every month to ensure the correct balance in the checkbook Knowing the correct balance can help to avoid bouncing checks
Steps for Reconciling Make sure every transaction listed on the statement matches the check register Place a check next to each item once it has been doublechecked between the statement and register Do this for both withdrawals and deposits Identify any outstanding transactions in the check register Items which have not cleared through the financial institution and are not listed on the statement
Steps for Reconciling continued Start with checking account balance on the statement Add any outstanding deposits Subtract any outstanding withdrawals Compare this result with the current balance in the check register They should be the same
Reconciling Example Statement balance $204.00 Add $154.01+ Outstanding deposits 8/30 - $154.01 Subtract $44.75- Outstanding withdrawals #299 - $19.75 #300 - $25.00
Reconciling Example continued 1.7.1.G1 Total $313.26 Remember - this figure should be the same as the check register If not, double-check the math, look for mistakes Make sure all service fees and charges have been added to the check register
Checking Account 1.7.1.G1 Safety If a checkbook, ATM, and/or debit card becomes lost or stolen Immediately report it to the financial institution File a report with the police Reported lost/stolen checkbook: Financial institutions generally do not hold the account holder liable for any fraudulent charges
Safety continued Reported lost/stolen ATM/debit card: Within 2 business days Cardholder is only liable for $50.00 Longer than 2 business days Could be liable for up to $500.00 Varies depending upon the financial institution May not charge the account holder anything if the correct steps were taken to report the lost/stolen card
Conclusion Research before choosing a financial institution and checking account! Follow the precautions to prevent checking account fraud! Report a lost/stolen checkbook, ATM, and/or debit card immediately!
CHECKBOOK RECONCILIATION FORM The reconciliation form is used for balancing your check register, or checkbook, and your checking account. This form is often found on the back of your monthly bank statement..
Reconciliation Form Checks Outstanding Step 2 Check number Amount Total
RECONCILIATION STEPS 1. Using your bank statement, update your check register with any transactions that you did not previously record, including interest earned, service charges, etc. 2. In your check register (checkbook), mark with a check all checks paid, and deposits credited. Then using the table on below, list all outstanding checks (no check mark in your check register -- not yet charged to your account):
3. Using the second table below, list all deposits or other credits recorded in your register that are not shown on this statement: Deposits Outstanding Date Amount Total
4. Enter ending balance on your bank statement: 5. Enter TOTAL Checks Outstanding 6. SUBTRACT (5 minus 6) 7. Enter TOTAL Deposits Outstanding 8. ADD. (7 + 8) This number should match the ending balance in your check register. If not, then your account does not balance and there is an error.