The Youth, Emotional Energy, and Political Violence: The Cases of Egypt and Saudi Arabia Frequencies ; CORIGIN: Country of origin Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Saudi Arabia 954 50.7 50.7 50.7 2 Egypt 928 49.3 49.3 100.0 100.0 V1: What is your opinion about people marry at older ages in rich, educated countries than in poor, uneducated countries? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 392 20.8 21.8 21.8 2 Agree 606 32.2 33.7 55.6 3 Disagree 604 32.1 33.6 89.2 4 Strongly disagree 194 10.3 10.8 100.0 Total 1796 95.4 100.0 9 DK 60 3.2 97 NA 3.2 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 86 4.6 V2: On average, families have more children in rich, educated countries than in poor, uneducated countries Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 199 10.6 11.0 11.0 2 Agree 311 16.5 17.1 28.1 3 Disagree 913 48.5 50.2 78.3 4 Strongly disagree 394 20.9 21.7 100.0 Total 1817 96.5 100.0 Page 1
9 DK 39 2.1 97 NA 3.2 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 65 3.5 V3: Women are treated with more respect in rich, educated countries than in poor, uneducated countries Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 601 31.9 33.1 33.1 2 Agree 662 35.2 36.5 69.6 3 Disagree 375 19.9 20.7 90.2 4 Strongly disagree 177 9.4 9.8 100.0 Total 1815 96.4 100.0 9 DK 39 2.1 97 NA 5.3 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 67 3.6 V4: Do you think that In rich, educated countries, it is less common for young people to choose their own spouse than in poor, uneducated countries? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 215 11.4 12.2 12.2 2 Agree 385 20.5 21.8 34.0 3 Disagree 822 43.7 46.5 80.5 4 Strongly disagree 344 18.3 19.5 100.0 Total 1766 93.8 100.0 9 DK 85 4.5 97 NA 8.4 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 116 6.2 Page 2
V5: In general, it is more common for married children to live with their older parents in rich, educated countries than in poor, uneducated countries Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 196 10.4 11.1 11.1 2 Agree 308 16.4 17.4 28.5 3 Disagree 884 47.0 50.1 78.6 4 Strongly disagree 378 20.1 21.4 100.0 Total 1766 93.8 100.0 9 DK 90 4.8 97 NA 3.2 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 116 6.2 V6: Polygamous families are more common in rich, educated countries than in poor, uneducated countries Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 199 10.6 11.3 11.3 2 Agree 375 19.9 21.3 32.6 3 Disagree 782 41.6 44.4 77.0 4 Strongly disagree 406 21.6 23.0 100.0 Total 1762 93.6 100.0 9 DK 92 4.9 97 NA 5.3 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 120 6.4 V7: The level of development in Saudi Arabia Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 34 1.8 1.9 1.9 2 Least developed 25 1.3 1.4 3.2 3 Least developed 68 3.6 3.7 6.9 4 99 5.3 5.4 12.4 Page 3
5 263 14.0 14.4 26.7 6 280 14.9 15.3 42.0 7 305 16.2 16.7 58.7 8 Most developed 324 17.2 17.7 76.4 9 Most developed 202 10.7 11.0 87.5 10 Most developed 229 12.2 12.5 100.0 Total 1829 97.2 100.0 97 NA 5.3 99 DK 25 1.3 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 53 2.8 V8: The level of development in Egypt Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 92 4.9 5.0 5.0 2 Least developed 53 2.8 2.9 7.9 3 Least developed 123 6.5 6.7 14.6 4 143 7.6 7.8 22.3 5 279 14.8 15.2 37.5 6 257 13.7 14.0 51.5 7 301 16.0 16.4 67.8 8 Most developed 261 13.9 14.2 82.0 9 Most developed 168 8.9 9.1 91.1 10 Most developed 163 8.7 8.9 100.0 Total 1840 97.8 100.0 97 NA 3.2 99 DK 16.9 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 42 2.2 V9: The level of development in Iran Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 47 2.5 2.8 2.8 Page 4
2 Least developed 50 2.7 3.0 5.7 3 Least developed 122 6.5 7.2 12.9 4 154 8.2 9.1 22.0 5 296 15.7 17.5 39.5 6 260 13.8 15.4 54.9 7 270 14.3 16.0 70.9 8 Most developed 218 11.6 12.9 83.7 9 Most developed 148 7.9 8.7 92.5 10 Most developed 127 6.7 7.5 100.0 Total 1692 89.9 100.0 97 NA 4.2 99 DK 163 8.7 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 190 10.1 V10: The level of development in China Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 7.4.4.4 2 Least developed 12.6.7 1.1 3 Least developed 19 1.0 1.1 2.1 4 32 1.7 1.8 3.9 5 46 2.4 2.6 6.5 6 70 3.7 3.9 10.4 7 157 8.3 8.7 19.1 8 Most developed 331 17.6 18.4 37.5 9 Most developed 417 22.2 23.2 60.8 10 Most developed 704 37.4 39.2 100.0 Total 1795 95.4 100.0 97 NA 1.1 99 DK 63 3.3 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 87 4.6 Page 5
V11: The level of development in Yemen Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 161 8.6 9.2 9.2 2 Least developed 181 9.6 10.3 19.5 3 Least developed 272 14.5 15.5 35.0 4 268 14.2 15.3 50.3 5 374 19.9 21.3 71.6 6 192 10.2 10.9 82.5 7 139 7.4 7.9 90.4 8 Most developed 81 4.3 4.6 95.0 9 Most developed 38 2.0 2.2 97.2 10 Most developed 49 2.6 2.8 100.0 Total 1755 93.3 100.0 97 NA 4.2 99 DK 100 5.3 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 127 6.7 V12: The level of development in the U.S. Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 27 1.4 1.5 1.5 2 Least developed 9.5.5 2.0 3 Least developed 8.4.4 2.4 4 6.3.3 2.7 5 14.7.8 3.5 6 12.6.7 4.2 7 34 1.8 1.9 6.0 8 Most developed 88 4.7 4.8 10.8 9 Most developed 323 17.2 17.7 28.5 10 Most developed 1309 69.6 71.5 100.0 Total 1830 97.2 100.0 99 DK 29 1.5 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 52 2.8 Page 6
V13: The level of development in Somalia Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 717 38.1 40.1 40.1 2 Least developed 354 18.8 19.8 59.9 3 Least developed 264 14.0 14.8 74.7 4 141 7.5 7.9 82.6 5 122 6.5 6.8 89.4 6 76 4.0 4.3 93.7 7 29 1.5 1.6 95.3 8 Most developed 32 1.7 1.8 97.1 9 Most developed 31 1.6 1.7 98.8 10 Most developed 21 1.1 1.2 100.0 Total 1787 95.0 100.0 97 NA 2.1 99 DK 70 3.7 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 95 5.0 V14: The level of development in France Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 9.5.5.5 2 Least developed 7.4.4.9 3 Least developed 9.5.5 1.4 4 11.6.6 2.0 5 29 1.5 1.6 3.6 6 31 1.6 1.7 5.3 7 97 5.2 5.3 10.6 8 Most developed 252 13.4 13.8 24.4 9 Most developed 516 27.4 28.3 52.7 10 Most developed 861 45.7 47.3 100.0 Total 1822 96.8 100.0 97 NA 3.2 99 DK 34 1.8 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 60 3.2 Page 7
V15: The level of development in the UAE Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Least developed 15.8.8.8 2 Least developed 7.4.4 1.2 3 Least developed 33 1.8 1.8 3.0 4 42 2.2 2.3 5.3 5 142 7.5 7.8 13.1 6 177 9.4 9.7 22.9 7 339 18.0 18.6 41.5 8 Most developed 407 21.6 22.4 63.9 9 Most developed 299 15.9 16.4 80.3 10 Most developed 358 19.0 19.7 100.0 Total 1819 96.7 100.0 97 NA 1.1 99 DK 39 2.1 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 63 3.3 V16: The level of individual freedom in Saudi Arabia Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 224 11.9 12.2 12.2 2 Low level of freedom 134 7.1 7.3 19.5 3 Low level of freedom 243 12.9 13.2 32.8 4 231 12.3 12.6 45.3 5 365 19.4 19.9 65.2 6 200 10.6 10.9 76.1 7 188 10.0 10.2 86.4 8 High level of freedom 132 7.0 7.2 93.6 9 High level of freedom 55 2.9 3.0 96.6 10 High level of freedom 63 3.3 3.4 100.0 Total 1835 97.5 100.0 Page 8
99 DK 24 1.3 999 RA 23 1.2 Total 47 2.5 V17: The level of individual freedom in Egypt Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 109 5.8 5.9 5.9 2 Low level of freedom 59 3.1 3.2 9.1 3 Low level of freedom 110 5.8 6.0 15.1 4 108 5.7 5.9 21.0 5 265 14.1 14.4 35.3 6 252 13.4 13.7 49.0 7 328 17.4 17.8 66.8 8 High level of freedom 259 13.8 14.1 80.9 9 High level of freedom 137 7.3 7.4 88.3 10 High level of freedom 215 11.4 11.7 100.0 Total 1842 97.9 100.0 99 DK 16.9 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 40 2.1 V18:The level of individual freedom in Iran Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 116 6.2 6.9 6.9 2 Low level of freedom 79 4.2 4.7 11.6 3 Low level of freedom 153 8.1 9.1 20.7 4 194 10.3 11.5 32.3 Page 9
5 316 16.8 18.8 51.1 6 289 15.4 17.2 68.3 7 217 11.5 12.9 81.2 8 High level of freedom 135 7.2 8.0 89.2 9 High level of freedom 92 4.9 5.5 94.7 10 High level of freedom 89 4.7 5.3 100.0 Total 1680 89.3 100.0 97 NA 6.3 99 DK 172 9.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 202 10.7 V19: The level of individual freedom in China Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 21 1.1 1.2 1.2 2 Low level of freedom 16.9.9 2.1 3 Low level of freedom 49 2.6 2.8 4.9 4 67 3.6 3.8 8.7 5 125 6.6 7.1 15.9 6 153 8.1 8.7 24.6 7 254 13.5 14.5 39.1 8 High level of freedom 354 18.8 20.2 59.3 9 High level of freedom 309 16.4 17.6 76.9 10 High level of freedom 405 21.5 23.1 100.0 Total 1753 93.1 100.0 97 NA 5.3 99 DK 100 5.3 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 129 6.9 Page 10
V20: The level of individual freedom in Yemen Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 121 6.4 7.0 7.0 2 Low level of freedom 134 7.1 7.7 14.6 3 Low level of freedom 208 11.1 11.9 26.6 4 244 13.0 14.0 40.6 5 397 21.1 22.8 63.4 6 253 13.4 14.5 77.9 7 178 9.5 10.2 88.2 8 High level of freedom 107 5.7 6.1 94.3 9 High level of freedom 50 2.7 2.9 97.2 10 High level of freedom 49 2.6 2.8 100.0 Total 1741 92.5 100.0 97 NA 9.5 99 DK 108 5.7 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 141 7.5 V21: The level of individual freedom in The U.S. Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 22 1.2 1.2 1.2 2 Low level of freedom 8.4.4 1.7 3 Low level of freedom 10.5.6 2.2 4 19 1.0 1.0 3.3 5 28 1.5 1.5 4.8 6 23 1.2 1.3 6.1 7 49 2.6 2.7 8.8 8 High level of freedom 133 7.1 7.3 16.1 Page 11
9 High level of freedom 268 14.2 14.8 30.9 10 High level of freedom 1255 66.7 69.1 100.0 Total 1815 96.4 100.0 97 NA 4.2 99 DK 39 2.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 67 3.6 V22: The level of individual freedom in Somalia Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 353 18.8 21.1 21.1 2 Low level of freedom 244 13.0 14.6 35.6 3 Low level of freedom 225 12.0 13.4 49.0 4 189 10.0 11.3 60.3 5 216 11.5 12.9 73.2 6 151 8.0 9.0 82.2 7 83 4.4 5.0 87.2 8 High level of freedom 89 4.7 5.3 92.5 9 High level of freedom 39 2.1 2.3 94.8 10 High level of freedom 87 4.6 5.2 100.0 Total 1676 89.1 100.0 97 NA 6.3 99 DK 176 9.4 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 206 10.9 Page 12
V23: The level of individual freedom in France Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 9.5.5.5 2 Low level of freedom 9.5.5 1.0 3 Low level of freedom 8.4.4 1.4 4 8.4.4 1.9 5 24 1.3 1.3 3.2 6 37 2.0 2.0 5.2 7 82 4.4 4.5 9.8 8 High level of freedom 214 11.4 11.8 21.5 9 High level of freedom 468 24.9 25.8 47.3 10 High level of freedom 956 50.8 52.7 100.0 Total 1815 96.4 100.0 97 NA 4.2 99 DK 39 2.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 67 3.6 V24: The level of individual freedom in UAE Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low level of freedom 30 1.6 1.7 1.7 2 Low level of freedom 28 1.5 1.6 3.2 3 Low level of freedom 61 3.2 3.4 6.6 4 68 3.6 3.8 10.4 5 236 12.5 13.1 23.5 6 234 12.4 13.0 36.4 7 336 17.9 18.6 55.1 8 High level of freedom 358 19.0 19.9 74.9 Page 13
9 High level of freedom 193 10.3 10.7 85.6 10 High level of freedom 259 13.8 14.4 100.0 Total 1803 95.8 100.0 99 DK 55 2.9 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 79 4.2 V25: On the whole, men make better political leaders than women do Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1000 53.1 54.3 54.3 2 Agree 566 30.1 30.7 85.0 3 Disagree 215 11.4 11.7 96.6 4 Strongly disagree 62 3.3 3.4 100.0 Total 1843 97.9 100.0 9 DK 14.7 97 NA 1.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 39 2.1 V26: University education is more important for a boy than for a girl Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 425 22.6 23.0 23.0 2 Agree 390 20.7 21.1 44.1 3 Disagree 668 35.5 36.1 80.2 4 Strongly disagree 365 19.4 19.8 100.0 Total 1848 98.2 100.0 9 DK 7.4 97 NA 3.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 34 1.8 Page 14
V27: When jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 860 45.7 46.7 46.7 2 Agree 623 33.1 33.8 80.6 3 Disagree 266 14.1 14.4 95.0 4 Strongly disagree 92 4.9 5.0 100.0 Total 1841 97.8 100.0 9 DK 14.7 97 NA 3.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 41 2.2 V28: Male and female university students should not attend classes together Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 543 28.9 29.6 29.6 2 Agree 511 27.2 27.8 57.4 3 Disagree 613 32.6 33.4 90.8 4 Strongly disagree 169 9.0 9.2 100.0 Total 1836 97.6 100.0 9 DK 18 1.0 97 NA 4.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 46 2.4 V29: It is up to a woman to dress which ever way she wants to Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 417 22.2 22.6 22.6 2 Agree 406 21.6 22.0 44.7 3 Disagree 634 33.7 34.4 79.1 4 Strongly disagree 385 20.5 20.9 100.0 Total 1842 97.9 100.0 9 DK 12.6 Page 15
97 NA 4.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 40 2.1 V30: It is acceptable for a man to have more than one wife Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 298 15.8 16.2 16.2 2 Agree 497 26.4 27.1 43.3 3 Disagree 688 36.6 37.5 80.7 4 Strongly disagree 354 18.8 19.3 100.0 Total 1837 97.6 100.0 9 DK 15.8 97 NA 6.3 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 45 2.4 V31: A wife must always obey her husband Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 690 36.7 38.0 38.0 2 Agree 662 35.2 36.4 74.4 3 Disagree 359 19.1 19.8 94.2 4 Strongly disagree 106 5.6 5.8 100.0 Total 1817 96.5 100.0 9 DK 38 2.0 97 NA 3.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 65 3.5 Page 16
V32: Which of the following is the more important basis for marriage? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Parental approval 1054 56.0 58.9 58.9 2 Love 735 39.1 41.1 100.0 Total 1789 95.1 100.0 3 31 1.6 9 DK 15.8 97 NA 23 1.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 93 4.9 V33: Income equality Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Incomes should be made more equal 225 12.0 12.3 12.3 2 56 3.0 3.1 15.3 3 68 3.6 3.7 19.0 4 109 5.8 5.9 25.0 5 223 11.8 12.2 37.1 6 128 6.8 7.0 44.1 7 178 9.5 9.7 53.8 8 248 13.2 13.5 67.3 9 224 11.9 12.2 79.6 10 We need larger income differences as incentives for individuals 375 19.9 20.4 100.0 Total 1834 97.4 100.0 97 NA 1.1 99 DK 23 1.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 48 2.6 Page 17
V34: Ownership of business 1 Private ownership of business and industry should be increased Frequency Percent Percent Percent 258 13.7 14.3 14.3 2 102 5.4 5.6 19.9 3 114 6.1 6.3 26.2 4 109 5.8 6.0 32.2 5 257 13.7 14.2 46.4 6 142 7.5 7.8 54.3 7 106 5.6 5.9 60.1 8 206 10.9 11.4 71.5 9 214 11.4 11.8 83.4 10 Government ownership of business and industry should be increased 301 16.0 16.6 100.0 Total 1809 96.1 100.0 97 NA 5.3 99 DK 44 2.3 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 73 3.9 V35: Responsibility Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 The government takes more responsibility 439 23.3 23.9 23.9 2 142 7.5 7.7 31.6 3 131 7.0 7.1 38.8 4 136 7.2 7.4 46.2 5 339 18.0 18.5 64.6 6 127 6.7 6.9 71.5 7 103 5.5 5.6 77.1 8 153 8.1 8.3 85.5 9 121 6.4 6.6 92.1 10 The individual takes more responsibility 146 7.8 7.9 100.0 Page 18
Total 1837 97.6 100.0 97 NA 1.1 99 DK 20 1.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 45 2.4 V36: How well is the government is doing? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very bad 200 10.6 11.0 11.0 2 68 3.6 3.8 14.8 3 122 6.5 6.7 21.5 4 119 6.3 6.6 28.1 5 355 18.9 19.6 47.7 6 217 11.5 12.0 59.6 7 190 10.1 10.5 70.1 8 201 10.7 11.1 81.2 9 157 8.3 8.7 89.9 10 Very good 184 9.8 10.1 100.0 Total 1813 96.3 100.0 97 NA 4.2 99 DK 41 2.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 69 3.7 V37: Having a strong head of government who does not have to bother with parliament and elections Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very good 32 1.7 3.7 3.7 2 Fairly Good 143 7.6 16.4 20.1 3 Fairly Bad 452 24.0 51.9 72.0 4 Very Bad 244 13.0 28.0 100.0 Total 871 46.3 100.0 9 DK 30 1.6 Page 19
97 NA 3.2 999 RA 24 1.3 System 954 50.7 Total 1011 53.7 V38: Having a democratic political system Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very good 713 37.9 41.1 41.1 2 Fairly Good 641 34.1 36.9 78.0 3 Fairly Bad 274 14.6 15.8 93.8 4 Very Bad 108 5.7 6.2 100.0 Total 1736 92.2 100.0 9 DK 120 6.4 97 NA 2.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 146 7.8 V39: Having an Islamic government, where religious authorities have absolute power Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very good 896 47.6 50.4 50.4 2 Fairly Good 578 30.7 32.5 82.9 3 Fairly Bad 260 13.8 14.6 97.6 4 Very Bad 43 2.3 2.4 100.0 Total 1777 94.4 100.0 9 DK 48 2.6 97 NA 30 1.6 999 RA 27 1.4 Total 105 5.6 Page 20
V40: In democracy, the economy runs badly Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 446 23.7 25.9 25.9 2 Agree 667 35.4 38.8 64.7 3 Disagree 406 21.6 23.6 88.3 4 Strongly disagree 201 10.7 11.7 100.0 Total 1720 91.4 100.0 9 DK 136 7.2 97 NA 2.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 162 8.6 V41: Democracies are indecisive and have too much quibbling Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 413 21.9 24.1 24.1 2 Agree 551 29.3 32.1 56.2 3 Disagree 590 31.3 34.4 90.6 4 Strongly disagree 161 8.6 9.4 100.0 Total 1715 91.1 100.0 9 DK 140 7.4 97 NA 3.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 167 8.9 V42: Democracies aren't good at maintaining order Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 293 15.6 17.1 17.1 2 Agree 447 23.8 26.1 43.3 3 Disagree 730 38.8 42.7 86.0 4 Strongly disagree 240 12.8 14.0 100.0 Total 1710 90.9 100.0 9 DK 139 7.4 Page 21
97 NA 9.5 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 172 9.1 V43: Democracy may have problems but it's better than any other form of government Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 577 30.7 33.6 33.6 2 Agree 756 40.2 44.1 77.7 3 Disagree 247 13.1 14.4 92.1 4 Strongly disagree 135 7.2 7.9 100.0 Total 1715 91.1 100.0 9 DK 136 7.2 97 NA 7.4 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 167 8.9 V44: Religious leaders should not interfere in politics Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 77 4.1 8.9 8.9 2 Agree 205 10.9 23.7 32.6 3 Disagree 517 27.5 59.8 92.4 4 Strongly disagree 66 3.5 7.6 100.0 Total 865 46.0 100.0 9 DK 6.3 97 NA 30 1.6 999 RA 27 1.4 System 954 50.7 Total 1017 54.0 Page 22
V45: Politicians who do not believe in God, should not run for public office Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 145 7.7 16.8 16.8 2 Agree 293 15.6 34.0 50.8 3 Disagree 393 20.9 45.6 96.4 4 Strongly disagree 31 1.6 3.6 100.0 Total 862 45.8 100.0 9 DK 7.4 97 NA 32 1.7 999 RA 27 1.4 System 954 50.7 Total 1020 54.2 V46: Would you say that this country's economy is run by a few big interests looking out for themselves or that it is run for the benefit of all the people? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Run by a few big interests 1212 64.4 71.9 71.9 2 Run for all the people 473 25.1 28.1 100.0 Total 1685 89.5 100.0 9 DK 127 6.7 97 NA 46 2.4 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 197 10.5 V47: Aggression from a neighboring country Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very important 1209 64.2 67.3 67.3 2 Important 302 16.0 16.8 84.1 3 Somewhat important 106 5.6 5.9 90.0 4 Not very important 77 4.1 4.3 94.3 5 Not at all important 103 5.5 5.7 100.0 Page 23
Total 1797 95.5 100.0 9 DK 61 3.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 85 4.5 V48: The exploitation of this country's natural resources by powerful countries Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very important 1135 60.3 63.2 63.2 2 Important 400 21.3 22.3 85.4 3 Somewhat important 107 5.7 6.0 91.4 4 Not very important 61 3.2 3.4 94.8 5 Not at all important 94 5.0 5.2 100.0 Total 1797 95.5 100.0 9 DK 61 3.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 85 4.5 V49: Cultural invasion by the West Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very important 999 53.1 55.3 55.3 2 Important 416 22.1 23.0 78.3 3 Somewhat important 164 8.7 9.1 87.4 4 Not very important 109 5.8 6.0 93.4 5 Not at all important 119 6.3 6.6 100.0 Total 1807 96.0 100.0 9 DK 51 2.7 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 75 4.0 Page 24
V50: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if women are treated with more respect than they are now Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 955 50.7 51.9 51.9 2 Agree 635 33.7 34.5 86.4 3 Disagree 171 9.1 9.3 95.7 4 Strongly disagree 80 4.3 4.3 100.0 Total 1841 97.8 100.0 9 DK 17.9 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 41 2.2 V51: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if religion and politics are separated Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 309 16.4 17.2 17.2 2 Agree 376 20.0 20.9 38.0 3 Disagree 728 38.7 40.4 78.5 4 Strongly disagree 388 20.6 21.5 100.0 Total 1801 95.7 100.0 9 DK 55 2.9 97 NA 2.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 81 4.3 V52: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if our society became similar to Western societies Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 149 7.9 8.1 8.1 2 Agree 247 13.1 13.4 21.5 3 Disagree 793 42.1 43.1 64.7 4 Strongly disagree 649 34.5 35.3 100.0 Total 1838 97.7 100.0 Page 25
9 DK 16.9 97 NA 4.2 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 44 2.3 V53: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if age of marriage increased Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 168 8.9 9.3 9.3 2 Agree 364 19.3 20.1 29.3 3 Disagree 900 47.8 49.6 78.9 4 Strongly disagree 382 20.3 21.1 100.0 Total 1814 96.4 100.0 9 DK 42 2.2 97 NA 2.1 999 RA 24 1.3 Total 68 3.6 V54e: (Egypt) Egypt would be a better society if there was a small number of men that married more than one wife Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 108 5.7 12.0 12.0 2 Agree 400 21.3 44.4 56.4 3 Disagree 321 17.1 35.7 92.1 4 Strongly disagree 71 3.8 7.9 100.0 Total 900 47.8 100.0 System 982 52.2 Page 26
V54s: (Saudi Arabia) Saudi Arabia would be a better society if the number of men that married more than one wife decreased Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 242 12.9 26.8 26.8 2 Agree 320 17.0 35.5 62.3 3 Disagree 227 12.1 25.2 87.5 4 Strongly disagree 113 6.0 12.5 100.0 Total 902 47.9 100.0 System 980 52.1 V55: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if more young people choose their spouses Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 636 33.8 35.2 35.2 2 Agree 790 42.0 43.7 79.0 3 Disagree 284 15.1 15.7 94.7 4 Strongly disagree 96 5.1 5.3 100.0 Total 1806 96.0 100.0 9 DK 50 2.7 97 NA 1.1 Total 76 4.0 V56: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if the number of children born to families declined Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 553 29.4 30.6 30.6 2 Agree 746 39.6 41.2 71.8 3 Disagree 351 18.7 19.4 91.2 4 Strongly disagree 159 8.4 8.8 100.0 Total 1809 96.1 100.0 9 DK 44 2.3 97 NA 4.2 Page 27
Total 73 3.9 V57: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if people had more freedom to mix with the opposite sex Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 165 8.8 9.1 9.1 2 Agree 370 19.7 20.4 29.5 3 Disagree 767 40.8 42.4 71.9 4 Strongly disagree 509 27.0 28.1 100.0 Total 1811 96.2 100.0 9 DK 45 2.4 97 NA 1.1 Total 71 3.8 V58: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if it had the technology of the West Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 810 43.0 44.4 44.4 2 Agree 650 34.5 35.6 80.0 3 Disagree 187 9.9 10.2 90.2 4 Strongly disagree 178 9.5 9.8 100.0 Total 1825 97.0 100.0 9 DK 28 1.5 97 NA 4.2 Total 57 3.0 Page 28
V59: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if it had the sexual freedom available in the West Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 16.9 1.8 1.8 2 Agree 34 1.8 3.8 5.5 3 Disagree 384 20.4 42.6 48.2 4 Strongly disagree 467 24.8 51.8 100.0 Total 901 47.9 100.0 9 DK 2.1 System 954 50.7 Total 981 52.1 V60: Egypt/Saudi Arabia would be a better society if it had the entertainment options available in the West Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 298 15.8 16.5 16.5 2 Agree 574 30.5 31.7 48.2 3 Disagree 591 31.4 32.7 80.9 4 Strongly disagree 345 18.3 19.1 100.0 Total 1808 96.1 100.0 9 DK 49 2.6 Total 74 3.9 V61: God has given humanity a complete, unfailing guide to happiness and salvation, which must be totally followed Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1448 76.9 78.7 78.7 2 Agree 372 19.8 20.2 98.9 3 Disagree 16.9.9 99.8 4 Strongly disagree 4.2.2 100.0 Total 1840 97.8 100.0 Page 29
9 DK 8.4 97 NA 7.4 999 RA 27 1.4 Total 42 2.2 V62: The basic cause of evil in this world is Satan, who is still constantly and ferociously fighting against God Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1156 61.4 63.5 63.5 2 Agree 466 24.8 25.6 89.1 3 Disagree 162 8.6 8.9 98.0 4 Strongly disagree 37 2.0 2.0 100.0 Total 1821 96.8 100.0 9 DK 27 1.4 97 NA 7.4 999 RA 27 1.4 Total 61 3.2 V63: It is more important to be a good person than to believe in God and the right religion Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 545 29.0 30.1 30.1 2 Agree 403 21.4 22.3 52.4 3 Disagree 677 36.0 37.4 89.8 4 Strongly disagree 184 9.8 10.2 100.0 Total 1809 96.1 100.0 9 DK 38 2.0 97 NA 8.4 999 RA 27 1.4 Total 73 3.9 Page 30
V64: There is a particular set of religious teachings in this world that are so true, you can't go any "deeper" because they are the basic, bedrock message that God has given humanity Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1085 57.7 59.9 59.9 2 Agree 563 29.9 31.1 91.0 3 Disagree 128 6.8 7.1 98.1 4 Strongly disagree 34 1.8 1.9 100.0 Total 1810 96.2 100.0 9 DK 37 2.0 97 NA 7.4 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 72 3.8 V65: When you get right down to it, there are basically only two kinds of people in the world: the Righteous, who will be rewarded by God; and the rest, who will not Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1172 62.3 65.1 65.1 2 Agree 551 29.3 30.6 95.7 3 Disagree 63 3.3 3.5 99.2 4 Strongly disagree 15.8.8 100.0 Total 1801 95.7 100.0 9 DK 46 2.4 97 NA 7.4 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 81 4.3 V66: The Quran may contain general truths, but they should NOT be considered completely, literally true from beginning to end Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 70 3.7 7.9 7.9 2 Agree 82 4.4 9.3 17.2 3 Disagree 425 22.6 48.0 65.2 4 Strongly disagree 308 16.4 34.8 100.0 Page 31
Total 885 47.0 100.0 9 DK 1.1 97 NA 14.7 999 RA 28 1.5 System 954 50.7 Total 997 53.0 V67: To lead the best, most meaningful life, one must belong to the one, fundamentally true religion Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1343 71.4 73.0 73.0 2 Agree 459 24.4 25.0 98.0 3 Disagree 28 1.5 1.5 99.5 4 Strongly disagree 9.5.5 100.0 Total 1839 97.7 100.0 9 DK 3.2 97 NA 12.6 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 43 2.3 V68: When ever science and religion conflict, religion is always right Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 1370 72.8 74.8 74.8 2 Agree 423 22.5 23.1 97.9 3 Disagree 33 1.8 1.8 99.7 4 Strongly disagree 6.3.3 100.0 Total 1832 97.3 100.0 System 50 2.7 Page 32
V69: The fundamentals of God's religion should never be tampered with, or compromised with others' beliefs Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1359 72.2 75.3 75.3 2 Agree 384 20.4 21.3 96.6 3 Disagree 39 2.1 2.2 98.8 4 Strongly disagree 22 1.2 1.2 100.0 Total 1804 95.9 100.0 9 DK 33 1.8 97 NA 17.9 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 78 4.1 V70:The only acceptable religion to God is Islam Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1351 71.8 73.7 73.7 2 Agree 375 19.9 20.4 94.1 3 Disagree 85 4.5 4.6 98.7 4 Strongly disagree 23 1.2 1.3 100.0 Total 1834 97.4 100.0 9 DK 11.6 97 NA 9.5 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 48 2.6 V71: God will punish most severely those who abandon his true religion Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1344 71.4 74.2 74.2 2 Agree 427 22.7 23.6 97.8 3 Disagree 35 1.9 1.9 99.7 4 Strongly disagree 5.3.3 100.0 Total 1811 96.2 100.0 Page 33
9 DK 33 1.8 97 NA 10.5 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 71 3.8 V72: Islam is the only religion on this earth that teaches, without error, God's truth Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1376 73.1 75.3 75.3 2 Agree 402 21.4 22.0 97.3 3 Disagree 43 2.3 2.4 99.6 4 Strongly disagree 7.4.4 100.0 Total 1828 97.1 100.0 9 DK 18 1.0 97 NA 8.4 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 54 2.9 V73: As countries under go economic development there will be a tendency for people to marry at older ages Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 271 14.4 15.1 15.1 2 Agree 524 27.8 29.3 44.4 3 Disagree 810 43.0 45.3 89.7 4 Strongly disagree 185 9.8 10.3 100.0 Total 1790 95.1 100.0 9 DK 66 3.5 97 NA 1.1 Total 92 4.9 Page 34
V74: As countries under go economic development families will have fewer children Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 457 24.3 25.4 25.4 2 Agree 875 46.5 48.7 74.2 3 Disagree 349 18.5 19.4 93.6 4 Strongly disagree 115 6.1 6.4 100.0 Total 1796 95.4 100.0 9 DK 56 3.0 97 NA 5.3 Total 86 4.6 V75: As countries under go economic development the status of women will, in general, decline Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 181 9.6 10.2 10.2 2 Agree 258 13.7 14.6 24.8 3 Disagree 883 46.9 49.9 74.8 4 Strongly disagree 446 23.7 25.2 100.0 Total 1768 93.9 100.0 9 DK 87 4.6 97 NA 2.1 Total 114 6.1 V76e: (Egypt) With economic development, some young people will have the right to choose their own spouse Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 308 16.4 34.6 34.6 2 Agree 515 27.4 57.8 92.4 3 Disagree 62 3.3 7.0 99.3 4 Strongly disagree 6.3.7 100.0 Page 35
Total 891 47.3 100.0 System 991 52.7 V76s: (Saudi Arabia) With economic development, fewer young people will choose their own spouse Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1.00 Strongly Agree 129 6.9 14.7 14.7 2.00 Agree 256 13.6 29.1 43.8 3.00 Disagree 323 17.2 36.7 80.5 4.00 Strongly disagree 171 9.1 19.5 100.0 Total 879 46.7 100.0 System 1003 53.3 V77: As countries undergo economic development, it will become more common for married children to live away from their older parents Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 403 21.4 22.9 22.9 2 Agree 799 42.5 45.5 68.5 3 Disagree 410 21.8 23.3 91.8 4 Strongly disagree 144 7.7 8.2 100.0 Total 1756 93.3 100.0 9 DK 96 5.1 97 NA 5.3 Total 126 6.7 V78: The percentage of men having more than one wife increases with economic development Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 226 12.0 12.8 12.8 2 Agree 521 27.7 29.6 42.4 Page 36
3 Disagree 761 40.4 43.2 85.6 4 Strongly disagree 254 13.5 14.4 100.0 Total 1762 93.6 100.0 9 DK 89 4.7 97 NA 6.3 Total 120 6.4 V79: As societies become more developed, pursuing of the opposite sex before marriage increases Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 65 3.5 7.3 7.3 2 Agree 170 9.0 19.2 26.5 3 Disagree 416 22.1 46.9 73.4 4 Strongly disagree 236 12.5 26.6 100.0 Total 887 47.1 100.0 9 DK 14.7 97 NA 2.1 System 954 50.7 Total 995 52.9 V80: Islam should be the only religion taught in our public schools Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1094 58.1 59.4 59.4 2 Agree 390 20.7 21.2 80.6 3 Disagree 307 16.3 16.7 97.2 4 Strongly disagree 51 2.7 2.8 100.0 Total 1842 97.9 100.0 9 DK 5.3 97 NA 7.4 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 40 2.1 Page 37
V81: I would not mind to have teachers who are not religious Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 374 19.9 20.3 20.3 2 Agree 660 35.1 35.9 56.2 3 Disagree 616 32.7 33.5 89.7 4 Strongly disagree 190 10.1 10.3 100.0 Total 1840 97.8 100.0 9 DK 6.3 97 NA 8.4 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 42 2.2 V82: Muslims are the only ones who will go to heaven, people of other religions will not no matter how good they one Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 952 50.6 53.3 53.3 2 Agree 536 28.5 30.0 83.3 3 Disagree 246 13.1 13.8 97.0 4 Strongly disagree 53 2.8 3.0 100.0 Total 1787 95.0 100.0 9 DK 58 3.1 97 NA 9.5 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 95 5.0 V83: Non-Muslim religions have a lot of weird beliefs and pagan ways Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1010 53.7 55.5 55.5 2 Agree 694 36.9 38.2 93.7 Page 38
3 Disagree 97 5.2 5.3 99.0 4 Strongly disagree 18 1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 1819 96.7 100.0 9 DK 26 1.4 97 NA 9.5 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 63 3.3 V84: People who belong to different religions are probably just as nice and moral as those who belong to mine Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 599 31.8 32.7 32.7 2 Agree 788 41.9 43.0 75.8 3 Disagree 377 20.0 20.6 96.3 4 Strongly disagree 67 3.6 3.7 100.0 Total 1831 97.3 100.0 9 DK 11.6 97 NA 12.6 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 51 2.7 V85: I would like my religious leaders to meet with the leaders of other religions Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 605 32.1 33.2 33.2 2 Agree 839 44.6 46.0 79.1 3 Disagree 294 15.6 16.1 95.2 4 Strongly disagree 87 4.6 4.8 100.0 Total 1825 97.0 100.0 9 DK 7.4 97 NA 22 1.2 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 57 3.0 Page 39
V86: If it were possible, I'd rather have a job where I worked with people with the same religious views I have rather than with people with different views Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 854 45.4 46.5 46.5 2 Agree 667 35.4 36.3 82.8 3 Disagree 251 13.3 13.7 96.4 4 Strongly disagree 66 3.5 3.6 100.0 Total 1838 97.7 100.0 9 DK 7.4 97 NA 9.5 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 44 2.3 V87: The level of morality in Saudi Arabia Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 54 2.9 2.9 2.9 2 Low morality 48 2.6 2.6 5.5 3 Low morality 51 2.7 2.8 8.3 4 44 2.3 2.4 10.7 5 134 7.1 7.3 17.9 6 91 4.8 4.9 22.9 7 202 10.7 10.9 33.8 8 High morality 396 21.0 21.5 55.3 9 High morality 297 15.8 16.1 71.4 10 High morality 528 28.1 28.6 100.0 Total 1845 98.0 100.0 99 DK 12.6 Total 37 2.0 Page 40
V88: The level of morality in Egypt Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 58 3.1 3.2 3.2 2 Low morality 28 1.5 1.5 4.7 3 Low morality 65 3.5 3.5 8.2 4 73 3.9 4.0 12.2 5 255 13.5 13.9 26.0 6 248 13.2 13.5 39.5 7 332 17.6 18.1 57.6 8 High morality 375 19.9 20.4 78.0 9 High morality 188 10.0 10.2 88.2 10 High morality 217 11.5 11.8 100.0 Total 1839 97.7 100.0 99 DK 18 1.0 Total 43 2.3 V89: The level of morality in Iran Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 34 1.8 2.0 2.0 2 Low morality 39 2.1 2.3 4.4 3 Low morality 61 3.2 3.6 8.0 4 79 4.2 4.7 12.7 5 216 11.5 12.9 25.6 6 237 12.6 14.1 39.8 7 303 16.1 18.1 57.9 8 High morality 301 16.0 18.0 75.8 9 High morality 184 9.8 11.0 86.8 10 High morality 221 11.7 13.2 100.0 Total 1675 89.0 100.0 97 NA 2.1 99 DK 180 9.6 Total 207 11.0 Page 41
V90: The level of morality in China Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 150 8.0 9.0 9.0 2 Low morality 125 6.6 7.5 16.4 3 Low morality 193 10.3 11.5 28.0 4 160 8.5 9.6 37.5 5 266 14.1 15.9 53.4 6 194 10.3 11.6 65.0 7 205 10.9 12.2 77.2 8 High morality 187 9.9 11.2 88.4 9 High morality 84 4.5 5.0 93.4 10 High morality 110 5.8 6.6 100.0 Total 1674 88.9 100.0 99 DK 183 9.7 Total 208 11.1 V91: The level of morality in Yemen Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 33 1.8 1.9 1.9 2 Low morality 55 2.9 3.1 5.0 3 Low morality 88 4.7 5.0 10.0 4 139 7.4 7.9 17.8 5 315 16.7 17.8 35.7 6 256 13.6 14.5 50.2 7 339 18.0 19.2 69.4 8 High morality 294 15.6 16.6 86.0 9 High morality 110 5.8 6.2 92.2 10 High morality 137 7.3 7.8 100.0 Total 1766 93.8 100.0 97 NA 1.1 99 DK 90 4.8 Total 116 6.2 Page 42
V92: The level of morality in The U.S. Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 783 41.6 43.5 43.5 2 Low morality 200 10.6 11.1 54.6 3 Low morality 189 10.0 10.5 65.1 4 148 7.9 8.2 73.4 5 139 7.4 7.7 81.1 6 91 4.8 5.1 86.2 7 76 4.0 4.2 90.4 8 High morality 62 3.3 3.4 93.8 9 High morality 45 2.4 2.5 96.3 10 High morality 66 3.5 3.7 100.0 Total 1799 95.6 100.0 97 NA 1.1 99 DK 57 3.0 Total 83 4.4 V93: The level of morality in Somalia Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 226 12.0 13.4 13.4 2 Low morality 188 10.0 11.2 24.6 3 Low morality 212 11.3 12.6 37.1 4 212 11.3 12.6 49.7 5 305 16.2 18.1 67.8 6 225 12.0 13.3 81.1 7 144 7.7 8.5 89.7 8 High morality 90 4.8 5.3 95.0 9 High morality 36 1.9 2.1 97.2 10 High morality 48 2.6 2.8 100.0 Total 1686 89.6 100.0 97 NA 3.2 99 DK 168 8.9 Total 196 10.4 Page 43
V94: The level of morality in France Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 485 25.8 27.3 27.3 2 Low morality 222 11.8 12.5 39.8 3 Low morality 194 10.3 10.9 50.7 4 143 7.6 8.0 58.7 5 178 9.5 10.0 68.7 6 114 6.1 6.4 75.1 7 112 6.0 6.3 81.4 8 High morality 119 6.3 6.7 88.1 9 High morality 79 4.2 4.4 92.6 10 High morality 132 7.0 7.4 100.0 Total 1778 94.5 100.0 97 NA 5.3 99 DK 74 3.9 Total 104 5.5 V95: The level of morality in the UAE Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Low morality 40 2.1 2.2 2.2 2 Low morality 25 1.3 1.4 3.6 3 Low morality 58 3.1 3.2 6.8 4 84 4.5 4.7 11.5 5 216 11.5 12.0 23.4 6 224 11.9 12.4 35.8 7 340 18.1 18.8 54.7 8 High morality 360 19.1 19.9 74.6 9 High morality 226 12.0 12.5 87.1 10 High morality 232 12.3 12.9 100.0 Total 1805 95.9 100.0 97 NA 3.2 99 DK 49 2.6 Page 44
Total 77 4.1 V96: How often, if at all, do you think about the meaning and purpose of life? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Often 948 50.4 51.9 51.9 2 Sometimes 601 31.9 32.9 84.8 3 Rarely 179 9.5 9.8 94.6 4 Never 99 5.3 5.4 100.0 Total 1827 97.1 100.0 9 DK 29 1.5 97 NA 1.1 Total 55 2.9 V97: Apart from funerals, about how often do you go to a mosque these days? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 More than once a week 833 44.3 45.6 45.6 2 Once a week 342 18.2 18.7 64.3 3 Once a month 92 4.9 5.0 69.4 4 Only on special holy days 156 8.3 8.5 77.9 5 Once a year 98 5.2 5.4 83.3 6 Less often 125 6.6 6.8 90.1 7 Never, practically never 180 9.6 9.9 100.0 Total 1826 97.0 100.0 97 NA 28 1.5 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 56 3.0 Page 45
V98: How often do you pray? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Five Times a Day 1443 76.7 78.3 78.3 2 Once or twice a week 290 15.4 15.7 94.0 3 Once or twice a month 62 3.3 3.4 97.3 4 At no time 49 2.6 2.7 100.0 Total 1844 98.0 100.0 9 DK 13.7 Total 38 2.0 V99: Independently of whether you go to religious services or not, would you say you are... Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 A religious person 1095 58.2 61.7 61.7 2 Not a religious person 653 34.7 36.8 98.5 3 A convinced atheist (not believing in God) 26 1.4 1.5 100.0 Total 1774 94.3 100.0 9 DK 82 4.4 97 NA 1.1 Total 108 5.7 V100: Religious authorities in this country are giving adequate answers to the moral problems and needs of the individual Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1523 80.9 84.8 84.8 2 No 274 14.6 15.2 100.0 Total 1797 95.5 100.0 9 DK 58 3.1 97 NA 2.1 Page 46
Total 85 4.5 V101: Religious authorities in this country are giving adequate answers to the problems of family life Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1453 77.2 80.9 80.9 2 No 343 18.2 19.1 100.0 Total 1796 95.4 100.0 9 DK 60 3.2 97 NA 1.1 Total 86 4.6 V102: Religious authorities in this country are giving adequate answers to the people's spiritual needs Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1389 73.8 79.6 79.6 2 No 357 19.0 20.4 100.0 Total 1746 92.8 100.0 9 DK 108 5.7 97 NA 3.2 Total 136 7.2 V103: Religious authorities in this country are giving adequate answers to the social problems facing your country today Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1323 70.3 74.2 74.2 2 No 459 24.4 25.8 100.0 Total 1782 94.7 100.0 Page 47
9 DK 74 3.9 97 NA 1.1 Total 100 5.3 V104: Do you believe in God? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1856 98.6 99.9 99.9 2 No 1.1.1 100.0 Total 1857 98.7 100.0 V105: Do you believe in life after death? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1792 95.2 97.4 97.4 2 No 47 2.5 2.6 100.0 Total 1839 97.7 100.0 9 DK 17.9 97 NA 1.1 Total 43 2.3 V106: Do you believe people have a soul? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1809 96.1 98.4 98.4 2 No 30 1.6 1.6 100.0 Total 1839 97.7 100.0 9 DK 18 1.0 Page 48
Total 43 2.3 V107: Do you believe in hell? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1844 98.0 99.5 99.5 2 No 10.5.5 100.0 Total 1854 98.5 100.0 9 DK 3.2 Total 28 1.5 V108: Do you believe in heaven? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1850 98.3 99.8 99.8 2 No 4.2.2 100.0 Total 1854 98.5 100.0 9 DK 3.2 Total 28 1.5 V109: How important is God in your life? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Not at all important. 20 1.1 1.1 1.1 2 1.1.1 1.1 3 1.1.1 1.2 4 4.2.2 1.4 5 2.1.1 1.5 6 6.3.3 1.8 7 8.4.4 2.3 Page 49
8 25 1.3 1.3 3.6 9 62 3.3 3.3 7.0 10 Very important 1724 91.6 93.0 100.0 Total 1853 98.5 100.0 97 NA 3.2 99 DK 1.1 Total 29 1.5 V110: Do you find that you get comfort and strength from religion? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Yes 1806 96.0 99.4 99.4 2 No 11.6.6 100.0 Total 1817 96.5 100.0 9 DK 28 1.5 97 NA 12.6 Total 65 3.5 V111: It should make laws according to the people's wishes Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very important 646 34.3 36.6 36.6 2 Important 517 27.5 29.3 66.0 3 Somewhat important 166 8.8 9.4 75.4 4 Least important 314 16.7 17.8 93.2 5 Not important 120 6.4 6.8 100.0 Total 1763 93.7 100.0 System 119 6.3 Page 50
V112: It should implement only the laws of the shari'a Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very important 887 47.1 48.9 48.9 2 Important 573 30.4 31.6 80.4 3 Somewhat important 53 2.8 2.9 83.4 4 Least important 275 14.6 15.2 98.5 5 Not important 27 1.4 1.5 100.0 Total 1815 96.4 100.0 System 67 3.6 V113: How proud are you to be Saudi/Egyptian? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Very proud 1303 69.2 70.5 70.5 2 Quite proud 465 24.7 25.2 95.7 3 Not very proud 56 3.0 3.0 98.8 4 Not at all proud 23 1.2 1.2 100.0 Total 1847 98.1 100.0 9 DK 9.5 97 NA 1.1 Total 35 1.9 V114: Which of the following best describes you? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Above all, I am an Egyptian/a Saudi 162 8.6 8.7 8.7 2 Above all, I am a Muslim 1591 84.5 85.7 94.5 3 Above all, I am an Arab 58 3.1 3.1 97.6 4 Other 45 2.4 2.4 100.0 Total 1856 98.6 100.0 Page 51
97 NA 1.1 Total 26 1.4 V115: In order for an underdeveloped country to achieve economic development its people should marry at older ages Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 230 12.2 12.7 12.7 2 Agree 390 20.7 21.6 34.3 3 Disagree 947 50.3 52.3 86.6 4 Strongly disagree 242 12.9 13.4 100.0 Total 1809 96.1 100.0 9 DK 47 2.5 97 NA 1.1 Total 73 3.9 V116: In order for an underdeveloped country to achieve economic development its families should have more children Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 193 10.3 10.7 10.7 2 Agree 358 19.0 19.8 30.5 3 Disagree 955 50.7 52.9 83.5 4 Strongly disagree 298 15.8 16.5 100.0 Total 1804 95.9 100.0 9 DK 51 2.7 97 NA 2.1 Total 78 4.1 Page 52
V117: In order for an underdeveloped country to achieve economic development, it should increase the status of women Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 683 36.3 37.9 37.9 2 Agree 883 46.9 49.0 86.9 3 Disagree 191 10.1 10.6 97.4 4 Strongly disagree 46 2.4 2.6 100.0 Total 1803 95.8 100.0 9 DK 46 2.4 97 NA 8.4 Total 79 4.2 V118: In order for an underdeveloped country to achieve economic development, more young people should choose their own spouse Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 676 35.9 37.5 37.5 2 Agree 911 48.4 50.5 87.9 3 Disagree 171 9.1 9.5 97.4 4 Strongly disagree 47 2.5 2.6 100.0 Total 1805 95.9 100.0 9 DK 48 2.6 97 NA 4.2 Total 77 4.1 V119: In order for an underdeveloped country to achieve economic development, it should decrease the number of men having more than one wife Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 466 24.8 26.1 26.1 2 Agree 832 44.2 46.7 72.8 3 Disagree 382 20.3 21.4 94.2 4 Strongly disagree 103 5.5 5.8 100.0 Page 53
Total 1783 94.7 100.0 9 DK 69 3.7 97 NA 5.3 Total 99 5.3 V120: In order for an underdeveloped country to achieve economic development, it should allow young people more freedom to mix with the opposite sex Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 191 10.1 10.7 10.7 2 Agree 387 20.6 21.6 32.2 3 Disagree 757 40.2 42.2 74.5 4 Strongly disagree 458 24.3 25.5 100.0 Total 1793 95.3 100.0 9 DK 62 3.3 97 NA 2.1 Total 89 4.7 V121: There are conspiracies against Muslim nations by Jews and Americans Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 1340 71.2 73.1 73.1 2 Agree 401 21.3 21.9 94.9 3 Disagree 68 3.6 3.7 98.6 4 Strongly disagree 25 1.3 1.4 100.0 Total 1834 97.4 100.0 9 DK 12.6 97 NA 8.4 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 48 2.6 Page 54
V122e: (Egypt) There is no peaceful way of establishing a truly independent country Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 215 11.4 24.4 24.4 2 Agree 250 13.3 28.4 52.8 3 Disagree 390 20.7 44.3 97.0 4 Strongly disagree 26 1.4 3.0 100.0 Total 881 46.8 100.0 9 DK 11.6 97 NA 8.4 999 RA 28 1.5 System 954 50.7 Total 1001 53.2 V122s: (Saudi Arabia) There is a peaceful way to establish a country that is truly independent Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 279 14.8 29.2 29.2 2 Agree 295 15.7 30.9 60.2 3 Disagree 263 14.0 27.6 87.7 4 Strongly disagree 117 6.2 12.3 100.0 Total 954 50.7 100.0 System 928 49.3 V123: Peaceful means are more effective to establish a truly Islamic state Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 797 42.3 43.3 43.3 2 Agree 694 36.9 37.7 81.1 3 Disagree 296 15.7 16.1 97.2 4 Strongly disagree 52 2.8 2.8 100.0 Total 1839 97.7 100.0 9 DK 2.1 97 NA 13.7 Page 55
999 RA 28 1.5 Total 43 2.3 V124: Armed struggle often leads to fitneh, even though it may cause injury to the enemy Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 418 22.2 43.8 43.8 2 Agree 378 20.1 39.6 83.4 3 Disagree 122 6.5 12.8 96.2 4 Strongly disagree 36 1.9 3.8 100.0 Total 954 50.7 100.0 System 928 49.3 V125e: (Egypt) I desire my government to promote living or getting closer to nonbelievers Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 102 5.4 11.5 11.5 2 Agree 258 13.7 29.2 40.7 3 Disagree 448 23.8 50.6 91.3 4 Strongly disagree 77 4.1 8.7 100.0 Total 885 47.0 100.0 System 997 53.0 V125s: (Saudi Arabia) I yearn for a way to improve our society so we can live with other societies Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1.00 Strongly Agree 248 13.2 26.0 26.0 2.00 Agree 218 11.6 22.9 48.8 3.00 Disagree 297 15.8 31.1 80.0 4.00 Strongly disagree 191 10.1 20.0 100.0 Total 954 50.7 100.0 System 928 49.3 Page 56
V126: The enemies of our nation should be dealt with through military action Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 286 15.2 32.5 32.5 2 Agree 313 16.6 35.5 68.0 3 Disagree 265 14.1 30.1 98.1 4 Strongly disagree 17.9 1.9 100.0 Total 881 46.8 100.0 9 DK 5.3 97 NA 14.7 999 RA 28 1.5 System 954 50.7 Total 1001 53.2 V127e: (Egypt) War is often necessary Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 425 22.6 48.1 48.1 2 Agree 402 21.4 45.5 93.6 3 Disagree 44 2.3 5.0 98.5 4 Strongly disagree 13.7 1.5 100.0 Total 884 47.0 100.0 System 998 53.0 V127s: (Saudi Arabia) War is always necessary Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 464 24.7 48.6 48.6 2 Agree 264 14.0 27.7 76.3 3 Disagree 112 6.0 11.7 88.1 4 Strongly disagree 114 6.1 11.9 100.0 Page 57
Total 954 50.7 100.0 System 928 49.3 V128: Killing of civilians is never acceptable even though it may help defeat the enemy and win the war Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 767 40.8 41.9 41.9 2 Agree 665 35.3 36.4 78.3 3 Disagree 290 15.4 15.9 94.1 4 Strongly disagree 107 5.7 5.9 100.0 Total 1829 97.2 100.0 9 DK 4.2 97 NA 21 1.1 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 53 2.8 V129: It is necessary for our nation to manufacture weapons Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 489 26.0 55.3 55.3 2 Agree 316 16.8 35.7 91.1 3 Disagree 67 3.6 7.6 98.6 4 Strongly disagree 12.6 1.4 100.0 Total 884 47.0 100.0 9 DK 7.4 97 NA 9.5 999 RA 28 1.5 System 954 50.7 Total 998 53.0 Page 58
V130: It is justified to kill foreigners if their government harms our people, even though these foreigners may not be responsible for the action of their government Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 81 4.3 9.2 9.2 2 Agree 71 3.8 8.0 17.2 3 Disagree 527 28.0 59.6 76.8 4 Strongly disagree 205 10.9 23.2 100.0 Total 884 47.0 100.0 9 DK 5.3 97 NA 11.6 999 RA 28 1.5 System 954 50.7 Total 998 53.0 V131: For the realization of a truly ideal society, people must be ready for self-sacrifice Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 840 44.6 45.5 45.5 2 Agree 737 39.2 39.9 85.4 3 Disagree 225 12.0 12.2 97.6 4 Strongly disagree 45 2.4 2.4 100.0 Total 1847 98.1 100.0 9 DK 5.3 97 NA 5.3 Total 35 1.9 V132: The best way to persuade the enemy to change its actions is dealing with him thru peaceful methods Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 759 40.3 41.0 41.0 2 Agree 770 40.9 41.6 82.7 3 Disagree 278 14.8 15.0 97.7 Page 59
4 Strongly disagree 42 2.2 2.3 100.0 Total 1849 98.2 100.0 9 DK 3.2 97 NA 5.3 Total 33 1.8 V133: Our society needs more social scientists to help us live better Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 372 19.8 41.6 41.6 2 Agree 476 25.3 53.2 94.9 3 Disagree 44 2.3 4.9 99.8 4 Strongly disagree 2.1.2 100.0 Total 894 47.5 100.0 9 DK 3.2 97 NA 6.3 System 954 50.7 Total 988 52.5 V134e: (Egypt) It is not possible to live happily in this world Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 77 4.1 8.7 8.7 2 Agree 197 10.5 22.2 30.9 3 Disagree 535 28.4 60.2 91.1 4 Strongly disagree 79 4.2 8.9 100.0 Total 888 47.2 100.0 System 994 52.8 Page 60
V134s: (Saudi Arabia) It is not possible to live very happily in this world Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly Agree 298 15.8 31.2 31.2 2 Agree 267 14.2 28.0 59.2 3 Disagree 262 13.9 27.5 86.7 4 Strongly disagree 127 6.7 13.3 100.0 Total 954 50.7 100.0 System 928 49.3 135: Perceived control Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 None at all 109 5.8 5.9 5.9 2 40 2.1 2.2 8.1 3 65 3.5 3.5 11.6 4 92 4.9 5.0 16.6 5 289 15.4 15.7 32.3 6 282 15.0 15.3 47.6 7 317 16.8 17.2 64.8 8 290 15.4 15.7 80.6 9 148 7.9 8.0 88.6 10 A great deal 210 11.2 11.4 100.0 Total 1842 97.9 100.0 97 NA 2.1 99 DK 13.7 Total 40 2.1 136: To what extent are you optimistic/pessimistic about your future? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Highly pessimistic 88 4.7 4.8 4.8 2 27 1.4 1.5 6.2 3 33 1.8 1.8 8.0 Page 61
4 50 2.7 2.7 10.7 5 179 9.5 9.7 20.4 6 168 8.9 9.1 29.6 7 221 11.7 12.0 41.5 8 355 18.9 19.3 60.8 9 294 15.6 15.9 76.7 10 Highly Optimistic 429 22.8 23.3 100.0 Total 1844 98.0 100.0 97 NA 2.1 99 DK 11.6 Total 38 2.0 V137: Do you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree that in your country these days, life is unpredictable and dangerous? Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Strongly agree 386 20.5 22.1 22.1 2 Agree 703 37.4 40.3 62.4 3 Disagree 466 24.8 26.7 89.1 4 Strongly disagree 191 10.1 10.9 100.0 Total 1746 92.8 100.0 9 DK 72 3.8 97 NA 36 1.9 999 RA 28 1.5 Total 136 7.2 V138: Extent of reliance upon parents about the role of women in society and politics Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Do not rely 234 12.4 12.7 12.7 2 Generally do not rely 156 8.3 8.5 21.2 sometimes not 429 22.8 23.3 44.5 4 Generally rely 499 26.5 27.1 71.6 5 Rely completely 524 27.8 28.4 100.0 Page 62
Total 1842 97.9 100.0 9 DK 11.6 97 NA 4.2 Total 40 2.1 V139: Extent of reliance upon teachers of religion at school or university about the role of women in society and politics Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Do not rely 192 10.2 10.4 10.4 2 Generally do not rely 199 10.6 10.8 21.2 sometimes not 438 23.3 23.8 45.0 4 Generally rely 634 33.7 34.4 79.4 5 Rely completely 379 20.1 20.6 100.0 Total 1842 97.9 100.0 9 DK 11.6 97 NA 4.2 Total 40 2.1 V140: Extent of reliance upon other secular teachers about the role of women in society and politics Frequency Percent Percent Percent 1 Do not rely 324 17.2 17.7 17.7 2 Generally do not rely 261 13.9 14.3 32.0 sometimes not 601 31.9 32.9 64.9 4 Generally rely 460 24.4 25.2 90.1 5 Rely completely 181 9.6 9.9 100.0 Total 1827 97.1 100.0 9 DK 26 1.4 97 NA 4.2 Page 63