New Risk Assessment Tools for Prevention Through Design Interventions 1 D R. G E O R G I P O P O V, Q E P, S M S, C M C S W C H A P T E R A S S E / P P D C P R E S E N T A T I O N gpopov@ucmo.edu
Introduction 2 Dr. Georgi Popov, QEP, SMS, CMC Professor UCM
Overview 3 You will learn how to use Prevention through Design (PtD) methodology and new RA Tools. You will take away a downloadable PtD Risk Assessment tool which successfully identifies three NIOSH and OSHA case studies relevant to current issues within construction safety and health. The purpose of this presentation is to demonstrate the use of the PtD risk assessment tool. Safety, Health and Environmental (SH&E) professionals have to learn how to incorporate PtD principles into projects, design, and re-design phase.
RA Quotes People who don t take risks generally make about two big mistakes a year. People who do take risks generally make about two big mistakes a year. Peter F. Drucker A ship is always safe at the shore - but that is NOT what it is built for." Albert Einstein 4
Why RA & RM? 5 Value of the Profession ASSE must tell the story of what we do and the value we provide to organizations. While regulatory standards will always be part of OSH programs, we deliver the greatest value to our organizations and clients when we use our technical knowledge to identify and assess risks, then apply our business skills to develop and communicate effective solutions Progressive organizations do not hire professionals to achieve basic compliance. They hire us to influence the policies, systems and programs that are needed to protect the organization s employees, assets and viability. We do this best by focusing on identifying, assessing, reducing an communicating with our corporate leaders in terms of risk. Risk Communication is key!!!
Why RM? You don't have a true and overarching safety strategy. Your safety strategy was developed in a vacuum (silo approach) You have antiquated equipment that is unsafe to operate at optimum speeds. You have developed the mindset in your workers that safety is the enemy of productivity.??? Your flawed safety culture reinforces this division between safety and productivity. 6 Source: https://proactsafety.com/blog-posts/the-war-between-safety-andproductivity
Traditional Risk Management 7 Traditional RM is often associated with entrenched silos. Safety professionals were very often separated from financial and strategic risk decisions. Safety function was very often considered separate or part of operations. Human resources typically managed the turnover rate, hiring, benefits and absenteeism. Lean Six Sigma function managed productivity and quality. Accounting managed financial records, business transactions, cash flows and accounts payable. All these functions or departments had their own management structure and very rarely worked in synergy. ERM integrates safety risks with operational, financial, and strategic risks and it encourages an understanding of their relationships and synergistic effect.
RM Models -ARM 8 Hazard Risk Financial Risk Operational Risk Strategic Risk ERM Hazard risk Example: Insurable risks. Injuries & Illnesses, Property damage, Natural catastrophies Financial risk Financial losses, Pricing risk, Asset risk, Currency risk, Liquidity risk Operational risk Employee error, System failure, Process interruption, Customer satisfaction, Product failure, Integrity, Knowledge drain Strategic risks Competition, Social trend, Reputational risk; $$$ availability (GM & Chrysler 2008)
RM Models Generally, risks to the Company s success can be grouped into four categories: (1)Strategic, (2) Operational, (3) Compliance and (4) Financial & Reporting 9 J&J ERM: Source: https://www.jnj.com/_document?id=00000 15a-678b-d85b-a1da-779f4cfe0000
OSH and Risk Management integration 10 Strategic Risk Compliance Risk This ERM methodology integrates safety into Enterprise Risk Management.
PtD Building Safety, Quality, Lower Cost, Improved moral and Reputation Hierarchy of Controls A; E;S; E; W; A; PPE Risk Assessment Risk Prioritization Redesign Projects: JHA Hazard ID& Analysis Foundations New Design Projects: Anticipate Hazard ID& Analysis Foundations
Prevention Through Design (PtD)
ANSI/ASSE Z590.3-2016R 13
PtD RA Tool Overview 14 The PtD tool highlights a 4-step approach to risk assessment: Most importantly, this tool requires the user to develop balanced process and a logic based risk assessment methodology designed to engage the participants through the hazard assessment and risk prioritization process.
Why PtD Risk Assessment Tools? 15 ANSI/ASSE Z590.3-2011 Prevention through Design standard addresses occupational safety and health needs and RA methodologies ANSI/ASSE/ISO (Z690-2011) Risk Management Standards Package - This standard provides principles and generic guidelines on risk management. ANSI/AIHA/ASSE Z10-2012: The standard defines minimum requirements for an OSHMS. It also includes risk assessment components not previously included. ISO 45001 OSHMS also includes risk assessment components.
ANSI Z10 Requirements Section 4.1 16
ANSI Z10 Requirements Section 4.2 17
ANSI Z10 Section 4.2 Recommended Practices 18 Notice: Multiple RA methods Financial Impact Regulatory compliance Include: Business Issues Setting Priorities High Severity
ANSI Z10 Section 4.2 Recommended practices Establish priorities based on levels of risk (RAM) Potential for system improvements (PtD HofC) 19 Business consequences (Bow tie analysis).
ANSI Z10 & PtD 20
Risk Assessment Process and the PtD Model 21 ISO 31000/ANSI Z690.2 Risk Management Process ANSI Z590.3 PtD Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment Process 7.1 Management Direction 7.2 Select a Risk Assessment Matrix Establishing the context (5.3) 7.3 Establish the Analysis Parameters Risk assessment (5.4) 7.4 Anticipate/Identify the Hazards 7.5 Consider the Failure Modes Communication and consultation (5.2) Risk identification (5.4.2) Risk analysis (5.4.3) Monitoring and review (5.6) 7.6 Assess the Severity of Consequences 7.7 Determine Occurrence Probability 7.8 Define the Initial Risk Risk evaluation (5.4.4) 7.9 Select and Implement Risk Reduction and Control Methods 7.10 Assess the Residual Risk Risk treatment (5.5) 7.11 Risk Acceptance Decision Making 7.12 Document the Results 7.13 Follow Up on Action Taken ISO 31000/ANSI Z690.2 and ANSI Z590.3-2011 Integration
Risk Assessment Process and the PtD Model 22 As illustrated in the previous slide and Figure to the right, the two standards are similar in the process steps with a few differences. Comparisons of Risk Assessment in ISO 31000/ANSI Z690.2 and ANSI Z590.3
Hazard ID -OSHA 300 Form 23
OSHA 300 Incidence Rate Comparison 24 Source: http://data.bls.gov/iirc/
Financial Losses Non- Financial Losses??? 25
PtD RA Tool 26
Hand-Operated Grinders: Identify Tasks and Hazards 27 Silica Dust: Activities that may produce crystalline silica dust include jack hammering, rock/well drilling, concrete mixing, concrete drilling, and brick and concrete block cutting and sawing. Electric and pneumatic hand operated grinders used for surface finishing and cutting jobs may produce silica dust. Sources: https://www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/silicacrystalline/hazard_recognition_silica.html https://www.osha.gov/publications/3362silica-exposures.pdf
Hand-Operated Grinders: Identify Tasks and Hazards 28 Vibration Hazards: Extent of Exposure Based on a 1974 study of occupational exposures to vibration, NIOSH estimates that 1.2 million workers in the United States are potentially exposed to handarm vibration Source: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/83-110/
Hand-Operated Grinders: Identify Tasks and Hazards 29 Noise: According to OSHA Prolonged exposures to loud noise can lead to a gradual, but permanent, loss of hearing. Current State controls: Source: https://www.osha.gov/publications/3498noise-in-construction-pocket-guide.pdf
Hand-Operated Grinders: Identify Tasks and Hazards 30 Employees produce dusts containing silica when they grind on concrete and similar materials. Data compiled by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) indicate that, among employees who grind concrete, most are exposed to silica at levels that exceed OSHA s benchmark of 0.1mg/m³ (milligrams of silica per cubic meter of air) Source: https://www.osha.gov/publications/3362silica-exposures.pdf
Hazard Ranking 1-5 Scale from PtD Standard
H&S Risk Assessment 32
Risk of business continuity loss from Hazardous Work Environment 33
Hazards and Consequences 30,000 ft. overview 34
PtD HoC 35
H&S Hazards - New Controls 36
H&S Risk Assessment - New Controls 37
Risk of business continuity loss from Work Environment New Controls 38
Hazards and Consequences 30,000 ft. overview New Controls 39
Assess Residual Risk and Risk Reduction 40
Conclusion 41 Risk Assessment is a critical component of ANSI/AIHA Z-10, ANSI/ASSE Z690.3-2011, and PtD standards. Through the use of the PtD risk assessment, newly designed power tools, and improved controls can successfully reduce injuries and illnesses within construction industry. Additional steps: Cost-benefit analysis can demonstrate the need for tool replacement and highlight financial and non-financial benefits.
Questions? I hope it was a value added session Remember the best RA method is the one that you have developed 42
43 Contact Information Dr. Georgi Popov, SMS, QEP, CMC Email: gpopov@ucmo.edu
Bibliography OSHA and NIOSH publicly available materials: https://www.osha.gov/publications/3362silica-exposures.pdf http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ptd/pubs.html http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/83-110/ http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/wp-solutions/2009-115/pdfs/2009-115.pdf 44
HAV Measurement 45 Left hand
HAV Measurement 46 Right hand