1. Overview The information of Al Rajhi Banking & Investment Corporation (Malaysia) Bhd ( the Group ) below is disclosed pursuant to the requirements of the Bank Negara Malaysia's ("BNM"). Capital Adequacy Framework for Islamic Banks ( CAFIB ) Disclosure Requirements ( Pillar 3 ), which sets out the minimum disclosure standards, the approach in determining the appropriateness of information disclosed and the internal controls over the disclosure process which cover the verification and review of the accuracy of information disclosed. CAFIB consists of 3 Pillars: (a) Pillar 1 sets minimum regulatory capital to cover credit, market and operational risk; (b) Pillar 2 aims to ensure that Islamic banking institutions have adequate capital to support their operations at all times; and (c) Pillar 3 aims to enhance transparency by setting the minimum requirements for market disclosure of information on the risk management practices and capital adequacy of Islamic banks. The Group has adopted the Standardised Approach in determining the capital requirements for credit risk and market risk and has applied the Basic Indicator Approach for operational risk under BNM s CAFIB. Under the Standardised Approach, the Group applied the standard risk weights prescribed by BNM to assess the capital requirements for exposures in credit risk and market risk. The assessment of the capital required for operational risk under the Basic Indicator Approach however, is based on a percentage fixed by BNM over the Group s average gross income for a fixed number of quarterly periods. In compliance with the Pillar 3 Guideline, the Pillar 3 Disclosure for the Group is being regularly prepared for two periods: 30 June and 31 December. The Pillar 3 Disclosure will be published in the Bank s website, www.alrajhibank.com.my. The following tables present the minimum regulatory capital requirements to support the Group's and the Bank's risk-weighted assets. Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 Risk- Capital Weighted Requirement Assets RM 000 RM 000 Risk- Weighted Assets RM 000 Capital Requirement RM 000 Credit Risk 3,867,952 309,436 4,130,450 330,436 Market Risk 117,319 9,386 119,661 9,573 Operational Risk 320,388 25,631 333,253 26,660 Total 4,305,659 344,453 4,583,364 366,669 The Group does not have any capital requirement for Large Exposure Risk as there is no amount in excess of the lowest threshold arising from equity holdings as specified in the BNM s RWCAF. 1
2. Capital Management The Group s capital management is guided by the Group s Capital Adequacy Management and Governance Framework and the Capital Adequacy Management and Planning Policy which sets out the capital targets and outlines the Group s objective to diversify its sources of capital and to allocate capital efficiently. This objective is directed by the need to maintain a prudent relationship between available capital and risks in the underlying businesses to meet the expectations of key constituencies, including regulators and investors. Under the Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process ( ICAAP ), the Group s risk management and capital management processes were enhanced to facilitate a comprehensive assessment of the various types of risk that the Group may be exposed to. The Board of Directors (BOD) / Board Risk Management Committee (BRMC) are responsible for ensuring that the Group and the Bank maintains an appropriate level and quality of capital in line with the Group s and the Bank s risk profile and business plan. The Board is supported by the Executive Risk Management Committee (ERMC) and ICAAP Working Group i.e. Risk Management, Finance, and Business Units. Risk Management Division (RMD) is responsible for monitoring and reporting of the ICAAP, including comparing actual capital levels with the capital targets and the relevant analysis and recommendation. Meanwhile, Finance Division and respective business units with the support of RMD are responsible for preparing the current capital position and also the business plan and financial projections for the next three years. 2.1 Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process ICAAP implementation is significant for the Group and the Bank to ensure that it maintains adequate capital on an ongoing basis to support its business operations considering the requirement for regulatory capital under Pillar 1 and economic capital under Pillar 2. The assessment shall reflect the profile of all risks that the Group and the Bank is exposed to. The major components of ICAAP of the Group and the Bank can be illustrated through the following diagram: 2
2. Capital Management (Cont d) 2.1 Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (continued) The risk management processes under ICAAP are as follows:- 2.2 Capital Adequacy Ratios and Capital Structure The following tables present the capital adequacy ratios and the capital structure of the Group and the Bank., the Group s and the Bank s Tier 1 and total capital adequacy ratios were higher than BNM s minimum requirements. The Group The Bank Unaudited Audited Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Tier-1 capital Paid-up share capital 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 Accumulated losses (272,411) (267,510) (272,474) (267,510) 727,589 732,490 727,526 732,490 Less: Deferred tax (62,051) (62,051) (62,051) (62,051) Total Tier-1 capital 665,538 670,439 665,475 670,439 Tier-2 capital Collective impairment for bad and doubtful financing 69,050 69,919 69,050 69,919 Subordinated Sukuk 268,405 285,928 268,405 285,928 Total Tier-2 capital 337,455 355,847 337,455 355,847 Capital base 1,002,993 1,026,286 1,002,930 1,026,286 Core capital ratio 15.457% 14.628% 15.456% 14.628% Risk-weighted capital ratio 23.295% 22.392% 23.293% 22.392% 3
3. Group Risk Management Framework The Group s risk management practice seeks to ensure that adequate financial resources are available for the development of the Group s businesses whilst managing its key areas of credit, market, liquidity and operational risks. The Group s overall risk management framework, including the risk governance and the risk management process are set out in the Risk Management section in the Directors Report as disclosed in the Audited Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2015. 4. Credit Risk Credit risk is the potential loss of revenue as a result of defaults by borrowers or counterparties through the Group s lending, hedging, trading and investing activities. The primary exposure to credit risk arises through its financing and advances as well as financial transactions with counterparties including interbank money market activities and debt securities. The amount of credit exposure is represented by the carrying amounts of the assets in the balance sheet. The management of credit risk is governed by credit policies and guidelines documenting the lending standards, discretionary power for financing approval, credit risk rating, collateral and valuation, review, and restructuring of problematic and delinquent financing. The management of counterparties is guided by counterparty limit, counterparty ratings, tenure and types of permissible transactions and these are subject to regular review. The following tables present the minimum regulatory capital requirements on credit risk of the Group and the Bank. Exposure Class Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 Risk- Capital Weighted Requirement Assets RM 000 RM 000 Risk- Weighted Assets RM 000 Capital Requirement RM 000 On-Balance Sheet Exposures Sovereigns/Central Banks - - - - Banks, Development Financial Institutions & MDBs 74,002 5,920 108,354 8,668 Corporate 2,326,628 186,130 2,393,371 191,470 Regulatory Retail 564,143 45,131 585,631 46,850 Residential Real Estate (RRE) Financing 557,902 44,632 592,577 47,406 Other assets 50,885 4,071 50,382 4,031 Defaulted Exposures 18,809 1,505 6,576 526 Total for On-Balance Sheet Exposures 3,592,370 287,389 3,736,891 298,951 4
Risk Governance The ERMC supports the BRMC in credit risk management oversight. ERMC and BRMC review the Group s credit risk framework and policies, aligns credit risk management with business strategies and planning, reviews credit profile of the credit portfolios and recommends necessary actions to ensure that the credit risk remains within established risk tolerance level. The Group s credit risk management includes the establishment of comprehensive credit risk policies, guidelines and procedures which document the Group s lending standards, discretionary power for financing approval, credit risk rating, acceptable collateral and valuation, and the review, rehabilitation and restructuring of problematic and delinquent financing. All credit approving authorities are guided by credit policies, guidelines and procedures which are periodically reviewed to ensure their continued relevance. Within the Risk Management Division, the Credit Risk Management Department has functional responsibility for credit risk management which includes formulating and reviewing group-wide risk policies, guidelines and procedures. The Credit Risk Management Department also manages the credit portfolios and ensures the risk policies are implemented and complied with. Risk Management Approach The management of credit risk starts with experienced key personnel being appointed to the Credit Investment Committee. The Credit Investment Committee approves major credit decisions. All financing applications of significant amounts are approved by the Credit Investment Committee or the Board of Directors. The Board Credit Supervisory Committee has the authority to reject or modify the terms and conditions of financing which have been approved by the Credit Investment Committee. The credit approving authorities are assigned discretionary powers based on their seniority and track record. (a) Financing and advances to Retail Consumers and SMEs The credit granting to retail consumers and SMEs is individually underwritten, which amongst others, includes the assessment of the historical repayment track record and the current repayment capacity of the customer. The credit approving authorities have the responsibility to ensure that credit risk is properly assessed and all crucial credit information of the customer is included in the financing application. (b) Financing and advances to Corporate and Institutional Customers The credit granting to corporate and institutional customers is individually underwritten and riskrated. Credit officers identify and assess the credit risks of large corporate or institutional customers, or customer groups, taking into consideration their financial and business profiles, industry, economic factors and collateral. 5
Risk Management Approach (Cont d) (c) Credit Risk from Trading and Investment Activities The management of the credit risk arising from the Group s trading or investing its surplus funds is primarily via the setting of issuers credit limits which are specifically approved by the relevant approving authorities. As at reporting date, the Group does not have any direct or indirect exposure to asset backed securities, CDO or CLO and does not participate in any securitisation deals. 4.1 Distribution of Credit Exposures Tables (a)-(c) present the credit exposures of financial assets before the effect of credit risk mitigation of the Group, analyzed by the following: (a) (b) (c) Industrial analysis based on its industrial distribution Geographical analysis based on the geographical location where the credit risk resides Maturity analysis based on the residual contractual maturity For on-balance sheet exposures, the maximum exposure to credit risk equals their carrying amounts. For financial guarantees, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the maximum amount that the Group would have to pay if the obligations for which the instruments issued are called upon. For credit commitments, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the full amount of the undrawn credit granted to customers. 6
4.1 Distribution of Credit Exposures (Cont d) (a) Industry Analysis Government and Central Banks Financial Services Transport, Telecommunication, Education and Other Business Services Agricultural, Manufacturing, Utility, Research & Development, Wholesale & Retail Trade, Hotel and Restaurant Construction & Real Estate Residential Mortgages Motor Vehicle Financing Other Consumer Financing RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Total Unaudited 30 June 2016 Short term funds 131 142,249 - - - - - - 142,381 Deposits and placements with other institutions - 271,185 - - - - - - 271,185 Hedging financial instruments - 6 - - - - - - 6 Securities held-for-trading - 5,091 - - - - - - 5,091 Securities held-to-maturity 1,014,876 403,085-50,885 - - - - 1,468,846 Net financing and advances - 240,865 1,517,645 846,837 452,113 1,162,576 75,256 672,492 4,967,784 Statutory deposits with BNM 207,299 - - - - - - - 207,299 Other assets - - 6,972 - - - - - 6,972 Total 1,222,307 1,062,482 1,524,617 897,722 452,113 1,162,576 75,256 672,492 7,069,565 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Short term funds 9,753 118,053 - - - - - - 127,806 Deposits and placements with other institutions - 287,090 - - - - - - 287,090 Hedging financial instruments - 1,291 - - - - - 1,291 Securities held-for-trading - 5,510 - - - - - - 5,510 Securities held-to-maturity 1,015,213 403,176-50,901 - - - - 1,469,290 Net financing and advances - 353,441 1,529,807 639,860 504,364 1,182,512 74,882 698,641 4,983,507 Statutory deposits with BNM 208,758 - - - - - - - 208,758 Other assets - - 6,979 - - - - - 6,979 Total 1,233,7214 1,168,561 1,536,786 690,760 504,364 1,182,512 74,882 698,641 7,090,231 7
4.1 Distribution of Credit Exposures (Cont d) (b) Geographical Analysis Malaysia Saudi Arabia Other Countries Total RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 30 June 2016 Cash and short term funds 47,400 69,137 25,843 142,380 Deposits and placements with banks and other financial institutions - - 271,185 271,185 Hedging financial instruments - - 6 6 Securities held-for-trading 5,091 - - 5,091 Securities held-to-maturity 1,468,846 - - 1,468,846 Net financing and advances 3,419,310 1,509,102 39,372 4,967,784 Statutory deposits with BNM 207,298 - - 207,298 Other assets 6,972 - - 6,972 Total 5,154,918 1,578,239 336,407 7,069,564 31 Dec 2015 Cash and short term funds 47,855 70,838 9,113 127,806 Deposits and placements with banks and other financial institutions - - 287,090 287,090 Hedging financial instruments - - 1,291 1,291 Securities held-for-trading 5,510 - - 5,510 Securities held-to-maturity 1,469,290 - - 1,469,290 Net financing and advances 3,439,921 1,509,301 34,285 4,983,507 Statutory deposits with BNM 208,758 - - 208,758 Other assets 6,979 - - 6,979 Total 5,178,313 1,580,139 331,780 7,090,231 8
4.1 Distribution of Credit Exposures (Cont d) (c) Maturity Analysis Up to 1 year > 1 to 3 years > 3 to 5 year > 5years Total RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 30 June 2016 Cash and short term funds 142,380 - - - 142,380 Deposits and placements with financial institutions 271,185 - - - 271,185 Hedging financial instruments 6 - - - 6 Securities held-for-trading 5,091 - - - 5,091 Securities held-to-maturity 50,885 - - 1,417,961 1,468,846 Gross financing and advances 1,070,686 301,361 1,901,496 1,788,835 5,062,378 Other assets 6,972 - - - 6,972 Total 1,547,206 301,361 1,901,496 3,206,796 6,956,859 31 Dec 2015 Cash and short term funds 127,806 - - - 127,806 Deposits and placements with financial institutions 287,090 - - - 287,090 Hedging financial instruments 5,510 - - - 5,510 Securities held-for-trading 1,291 - - - 1,291 Securities held-to-maturity 50,900 - - 1,418,390 1,469,290 Gross financing and advances 1,047,448 352,423 1,805,565 1,873,264 5,078,700 Other assets 6,979 - - - 6,979 Total 1,527,024 352,423 1,805,565 3,291,653 6,976,666 4.2 Off-Balance Sheet Exposures Off-balance sheet exposures of the Group are mainly from the following: Financial guarantees and standby letters of credit, which represent undertaking that the Group will make payments in the event that a customer cannot meet its obligations to third parties. These exposures carry the same credit risk as financing even though are contingent in nature Documentary and commercial letters of credits, which are undertakings by the Group on behalf of the customer. These exposure are usually collateralized by the underlying shipment of goods to which they relate Commitments to extend credit including the utilized or undrawn portions of credits facilities Principal/notional amount of derivative financial instruments 9
4.2 Off-Balance Sheet Exposures (Cont d) Disclosure on Off Balance Sheet Exposures Unaudited 30 June 2016 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Credit Risk Credit Risk Principal Principal equivalent weighted equivalent weighted amount amount amount amount amount amount RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Direct credit substitutes - - - - - - Transaction-related contingent items 322,330 161,165 126,024 318,178 159,089 125,117 Short term self-liquidating trade related contingencies 8,367 1,673 1,609 39,897 7,979 7,173 Foreign exchange related contracts - One year or less 2,020 - - 4,292 - - Credit derivative contracts - One year or less 4,021 4 4 12,449 1,427 1,427 Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, 102,719 53,443 49,800 278,389 141,282 129,655 with an original maturity of over one year Other commitments, such as formal standby facilities and credit lines, 490,734 96,063 96,584 651,076 128,127 128,622 with an original maturity up to one year Unutilised credit card lines 10,417 2,083 1,563 10,439 2,088 1,566 940,608 314,432 275,584 1,314,720 439,992 393,559 10
4.3 Credit Risk Mitigation The Group s approach in granting credit facilities is based on the credit standing of the customer, source of repayment and debt servicing ability rather than placing primary reliance on credit risk mitigants ( CRM ). Depending on a customer s standing and the type of product, facilities may be provided unsecured. Nevertheless, mitigation of credit risk is a key aspect of effective risk management and takes many forms. The main types of collateral obtained by the Group to mitigate credit risk are as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) for residential mortgages charges over residential properties for commercial property financing charges over the properties being financed for motor vehicle financing ownership claims over the vehicles financed for share margin financing pledges over securities from listed exchange for other financing charges over business assets such as premises, inventories, trade receivables or deposits The reliance that can be placed on CRM is carefully assessed in light of issues such as legal enforceability, market value and CCR of the guarantor. Policies and procedures are in place to govern the protection of the Group s position from the onset of a customer relationship, for instance in requiring standard terms and conditions or specifically agreed upon documentation to ensure the legal enforceability of the CRM. The valuation of CRM seeks to monitor and ensure that they will continue to provide the credit protection. Policy on the periodic valuation updates of CRM is in place to ensure this depending on the facility granted. The value of properties taken as collateral is generally updated from time to time during the review of the customers facilities to reflect the current market value. The quality, liquidity and collateral type will determine the appropriate haircuts or discounts applied on the market value of the collateral. Where there is a currency mismatch, haircuts are applied to protect against currency fluctuations, in addition to ongoing review and controls over maturity mismatch between collateral and exposures. Especially in mortgage financing, the collateral is required to be insured at all times against major risks, for instance, fire, with the respective banking entities as the loss payee under the insurance policy. In addition, customers are encouraged to insure against major risks, such as, death and permanent disability. 11
4.3 Credit Risk Mitigation (Cont d) The following tables present the credit risk mitigation analysis of the Group i.e. credit exposures covered by eligible financial collateral and financial guarantees as defined under the Standardized Approach. Eligible financial collateral consists primarily of cash. The Group does not have any credit exposure which is reduced through the application of other eligible collateral. Disclosure on Credit Risk Mitigation Unaudited 30 June 2016 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Exposures Exposures Exposure Class Exposures Covered by Exposures Covered by Before CRM Eligible Before Eligible Collateral CRM Collateral RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Credit Risk On-Balance Sheet Exposures Sovereigns/Central Banks 1,625,391-1,636,901 - Banks, Development Financial Institutions & MDBs 370,012-370,464 - Corporate 3,081,639 49,017 3,098,532 59,038 Regulatory Retail 752,527 789 781,209 828 Residential Real Estate (RRE) Financing 1,154,948-1,170,408 - Other assets 94,280-85,316 - Defaulted Exposures 15,496-6,073 - Total for On-Balance Sheet Exposures 7,094,292 49,806 7,148,903 59,866 Off-Balance Sheet Exposures Off-balance sheet exposures other than OTC derivatives or credit derivatives 314,432-439,992 - Total for Off-Balance Sheet Exposures 314,432-439,992 - Total On and Off-Balance Sheet Exposures 7,408,724 49,806 7,588,895 59,866 12
4.4 Assignment of Risk Weight for Portfolios Under the Standardized Approach The Bank assesses credit quality of financing and advances for the Corporate Portfolio using an external rating technique by Moody s. This technique combines financial analysis with credit officer s judgment. Financing and advances Internal ratings Description - Investment grade Strong(est) credit quality which associated with general standards of investment grade as per defined by international rating agency such as Standard and Poor s (S&P), Moody s, Fitch, and Japan Credit Rating Agency (JCR). - Non-investment grade Weaker credit quality which associated with general standards of non-investment grade as per defined by international rating agency such as Standard and Poor s (S&P), Moody s, Fitch, and Japan Credit Rating Agency (JCR). The credit quality of financial assets other than financing and advances are determined based on the ratings of counterparties as defined by Moody s or equivalent ratings of other international rating agencies as defined below: - AAA to AA3 - A1 to A3 - Baa1 to Baa3 - P1 to P3 - Non rated 13
4.4 Assignment of Risk Weight for Portfolios Under the Standardized Approach (Cont d) The following tables present the credit exposures of the Group before the effect of credit risk mitigation by credit quality rating categories. Unaudited 30 June 2016 Disclosure on Rated Exposures according to Rating by ECAIs Exposure Class AAA AA+ AA AA- A+ A A- BBB+ BBB BBB- BB+ to B- Below B- Unrated Total RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 On and Off Balance-Sheet Exposures Credit Exposure Standardised Approach Sovereigns/Central Banks - - - - - - 1,625,391 - - - - - - 1,625,391 Banks, Development Financial Institutions & 42 - - - 339,834 21,787 - - - - 8,661-637 370,961 MDBs Corporate - - - - 1,536,740 - - - - - - - 1,716,887 3,253,627 Regulatory Retail - - - - - - - - - - - - 892,902 892,902 Residential Real Estate - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,171,564 1,171,564 (RRE) Other Assets - - - - - - - - - - - - 94,280 94,280 Total 42 - - - 1,876,574 21,787 1,625,391 - - - 8,661-3,876,270 7,408,724 14
4.4 Assignment of Risk Weight for Portfolios Under the Standardized Approach (Cont d) The following tables present the credit exposures of the Group before the effect of credit risk mitigation by credit quality rating categories. Audited 31 Dec 2015 Disclosure on Rated Exposures according to Rating by ECAIs Exposure Class AAA AA+ AA AA- A+ A A- BBB+ BBB BBB- BB+ to B- Below B- Unrated Total RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 On and Off Balance-Sheet Exposures Credit Exposure Standardised Approach Sovereigns/Central Banks - - - - - - 1,636,901 - - - - - - 1,636,901 Banks, Development Financial Institutions & 3,468 - - - 361,398 5,358 - - - - 658-530 371,413 MDBs Corporate - - - - 1,509,121 - - - - - - - 1,845,752 3,354,873 Regulatory Retail - - - - - - - - - - - - 920,887 920,887 Residential Real Estate - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,219,506 1,219,506 (RRE) Other Assets - - - - - - - - - - - - 85,316 85,316 Total 3,468 - - - 1,870,519 5,358 1,636,901 - - - 658-4,071,991 7,588,895 15
4.4 Assignment of Risk Weight for Portfolios Under the Standardized Approach (Cont d) The following tables present the credit exposures of the Group and the Bank after the effect of credit risk mitigation by risk weights. Unaudited 30 June 2016 Exposures after netting and credit risk mitigation ( CRM ) Risk Weights Total exposure Total Sovereigns/ Central Bank Banks, DFIs & MDBs Corporate Regulatory Retail Residential Real Estate Equity exposures Others Assets after netting and CRM Weighted Assets RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Performing Exposures 0% 1,625,391 - - - - - 43,394 1,668,785-20% - 370,961 356,424 - - - - 727,385 145,477 35% - - - - 363,174 - - 363,174 127,111 50% - - 91,227-693,989 - - 785,216 392,608 75% - - 1,509,102 892,371 77,995 - - 2,479,468 1,859,601 100% - - 1,239,024-31,238-50,885 1,321,147 1,321,147 Total 1,625,391 370,961 3,195,777 892,371 1,166,396-94,279 7,345,175 3,845,944 Defaulted Exposures 35% - - - - - - - - - 50% - - 184 - - - - 184 92 100% - - - - 4,312 - - 4,312 4,312 150% - - 10,685 195 856 - - 11,736 17,604 Total - - 10,869 195 5,168-16,232 22,008 Total Performing and Defaulted 1,625,391 370,961 3,206,646 892,566 1,171,564-94,279 7,361,407 3,867,952 16
4.4 Assignment of Risk Weight for Portfolios Under the Standardized Approach (Cont d) The following tables present the credit exposures of the Group and the Bank after the effect of credit risk mitigation by risk weights. Audited 31 Dec 2015 Exposures after netting and credit risk mitigation ( CRM ) Risk Weights Total exposure Total Sovereigns/ Central Bank Banks, DFIs & MDBs Corporate Regulatory Retail Residential Real Estate Equity exposures Others Assets after netting and CRM Weighted Assets RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Performing Exposures 0% 1,636,901 - - - - - 31,039 1,667,940-20% - 255,628 393,591 - - - - 649,219 129,844 35% - - - - 334,865 - - 334,865 117,203 50% - 114,836 - - 671,099 - - 785,935 392,968 75% - - 1,509,301 920,389 141,632 - - 2,571,322 1,928,491 100% - - 1,439,018-65,968-50,382 1,555,368 1,555,367 Total 1,636,901 370,464 3,341,910 920,389 1,213,564-81,421 7,564,649 4,123,873 Defaulted Exposures 35% - - - - - - - - - 50% - - - - - - - - - 100% - - - - 5,067 - - 5,067 5,067 150% - - - 131 875 - - 1,006 1,509 Total - - - 131 5,942 - - 6,073 6,576 Total Performing and Defaulted 1,636,901 370,464 3,341,910 920,520 1,219,506-81,421 7,570,722 4,130,449 17
4.5 Credit Quality of Gross Financing and Advances The following tables present the gross financing, advances and financing of the Group analyzed by credit quality. Gross Financing, Advances and Financing by Credit Quality Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 RM 000 RM 000 Neither past due nor impaired 4,847,112 4,887,998 Past due but not impaired 174,501 159,664 Impaired 40,765 31,038 Gross financing and advances 5,062,378 5,078,700 Ratio of gross impaired financing and advances less individual assessment allowance as percentage of net financing and advances 0.81% 0.61% a) Neither Past Due Nor Impaired The credit quality of gross financing and advances which are neither past due nor impaired is set out in Note 24 to the financial statements. b) Past Due But Not Impaired Past due but not impaired financing and advances are financing where the customer has failed to make a principal or profit payment when contractually due. (i) Past Due But Not Impaired Financing and Advances by Economic Purposes Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 RM 000 RM 000 Personal use Working capital 39,103-32,343 - Purchase of property residential property 124,635 113,631 Purchase of shop-house 1,654 5,025 Purchase of transport vehicles 9,002 8,566 Charge card 107 99 174,501 159,664 18
4.5 Credit Quality of Gross Financing and Advances (Cont d) (ii) Past Due But Not Impaired Financing and Advances by Geographical Analysis Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 RM 000 RM 000 Malaysia 174,501 159,664 174,501 159,664 (iii) Past Due But Not Impaired Financing and Advances by Maturity Structure Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 RM 000 RM 000 1 day to < 1 month 123,114 118,155 1 month to < 2 month 37,755 30,615 2 month to < 3 month 13,632 10,894 174,501 159,664 c) Impaired Financing and Advances The Group assesses, at each reporting period, whether there is any objective evidence that an individually significant financing is impaired. Objective evidence of impairment exists when one or more events that have occurred after the initial recognition of the financing (an incurred loss event ) and that the loss event has an impact on future estimated cash flows of the financing or group of financing that can be reliably estimated. If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss has been incurred, the amount of the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the financing s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at the financing s original effective profit rate. The carrying amount of the financing is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized in the income statement. Financing and advances which are not individually significant are collectively assessed. If the Group determines that no objective evidence of impairment exists for an individually assessed financing, the financing is included in a group of financing with similar credit risk characteristics for collective impairment assessment. 19
4.5 Credit Quality of Gross Financing and Advances (Cont d) c) Impaired Financing and Advances (Cont d) The future cash flows of each of the group of financing with similar credit risk characteristics are estimated on the basis of historical loss experience for such assets and discounted to present value. Collective assessment allowance is made on any shortfall in these discounted cash flows against the carrying value of the group of financing. Impaired financing and advances are financing whereby payments of principal or profit or both are past due for more than three (3) months, or financing which are past due for less than three (3) months which exhibit indications of significant credit weaknesses, or impaired financing which have been restructured/rescheduled, but where repayments are based on the revised terms have yet to fulfill six (6) consecutive months of observation period. The movements in the allowance for impairment losses of financing and advances during the financial year are as follows: Unaudited Audited 30 June 2016 31 Dec 2015 RM 000 RM 000 At 1 January 95,193 129,711 Impairment loss recognised 4,584 11,347 Impairment loss reversed (526) (460) Impairment written-off (4,657) (45,405) At 30 June 94,594 95,193 20
4.5 Credit Quality of Gross Financing and Advances (Cont d) Table (i)-(ii) present analysis of the impaired financing and advances of the Group and the related impairment allowances of the Group by: (i) Economic purpose (ii) Geographical analysis (i) Impaired Financing and Advances and the Related Impairment Allowances by Economic Purpose. Unaudited 30 June 2016 Impaired Financing and Advances Individual Assessment Allowance at 1 Jan Net Charge for the Year Amounts Written Off/Other Movement Individual Assessment Allowance at 31 Dec Collective Assessment Allowance at 31 Dec Total Impairment Allowances for Financing and Advances RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Working capital 18,131 6,938 - (2) 7,761 31,004 38,765 Personal use 11,838 - - - - 42,912 42,912 Purchase of properties residential 7,280 523 826 (524) - 9,581 9,581 Charge card 224 - - - - 279 279 Purchase of transport vehicle 1,121 - - - - 1,760 1,760 Purchase of shop-house 2,171 - - - - 1,297 1,297 40,765 7,461 826 (526) 7,761 86,833 94,594 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Impaired Financing and Advances Individual Assessment Allowance at 1 Jan Net Charge for the Year Amounts Written Off/Other Movement Individual Assessment Allowance at 31 Dec Collective Assessment Allowance at 31 Dec Total Impairment Allowances for Financing and Advances RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Working capital 6,990 41,439 - (34,501) 6,938 28,353 35,290 Personal use 11,041 - - - - 45,115 45,115 Purchase of properties 12,104 1,703 505 (1,685) 523 11,753 12,277 residential Charge card 200 - - - - 274 274 Purchase of transport vehicle 703 - - - - 1,982 1,982 Purchase of shop-house - - - - - 255 255 31,038 43,142 505 (36,186) 7,461 87,732 95,193 21
4.5 Credit Quality of Gross Financing and Advances (Cont d) (ii) Impaired Financing and Advances and the Related Impairment Allowances by Geographical Analysis Unaudited 30 June 2016 Impaired, Advances and Financing Individual Assessment Allowance at 1 Jan Net Charge for the Year Amounts Written Off/Other Movement Individual Assessment Allowance at 30 June Collective Assessment Allowance at 30 June Total Impairment Allowances for Financing, Advances and Financing RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Malaysia 40,765 7,461 826 (526) 7,761 86,833 94,594 40,765 7,461 826 (526) 7,761 86,833 94,594 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Total Impaired Financing and Advances Individual Assessment Allowance at 1 Jan Net Charge for the Year Amounts Written Off/Other Movement Individual Assessment Allowance at 31 Dec Collective Assessment Allowance at 31 December (Restated) Impairment Allowances for Financing and Advances RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Malaysia 31,038 43,142 505 (36,186) 7,461 87,732 95,193 31,038 43,142 505 (36,186) 7,461 87,732 95,193 22
5. Market Risk Risk Governance The ALCO supports the BRMC in market risk management oversight. The ALCO reviews the Group s market risk framework and policies, aligns market risk management with business strategies and planning, and recommends actions to ensure that the market risk remains within established risk tolerance level. The Group recognizes market risk as the risk of loss resulting from changes in market prices and rates, arising principally from customer-driven transactions. The objective of the Group s market risk policies and processes is to obtain the best balance of risk and return while meeting customers requirements. The market risk of the Group is identified into traded market risk and nontraded market risk. 5.1 Traded Market Risk Traded market risk, primarily the profit rate/rate of return risk/equity risk and credit spread risk, exist in the Group s trading book positions held for the purpose of benefiting from short-term price movements. However, the Group does not actively trade in this area and therefore maintains a minimal exposure. The Group maintains its policy of prohibiting exposures in trading fixed income, equity or financial derivative positions unless with the prior specific approval of the Shariah Board and the Board of Directors. 5.2 Non-Traded Market Risk The Group s core non-traded market risks are profit rate/rate of return risk in the banking book and foreign exchange risk. (a) Profit Rate/Rate of Return Risk in the Banking Book Profit rate/rate of return risk in the banking book is the risk to the Group s earnings and economic value of equity ( EVE ) arising from adverse movements in profit rate/rate of return. The banking book includes positions that arise from profit rate management of the Group s retail, commercial and wholesale banking assets and liabilities as well as financial instruments designated as available for sale and held to maturity. The following tables present the profit rate risk analysis. The sensitivity factors used are assumptions based on parallel shifts in the key variables and the impact on the re-priced mismatches of assets and liabilities position of the bank. 23
5. Market Risk (Cont d) 5.2 Non-Traded Market Risk(Cont d) (a) Profit Rate/Rate of Return Risk in the Banking Book (Cont d) Profit rate sensitivity analysis Unaudited 30 June 2016 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Impact on profit after tax Impact on Equity Impact on profit after tax Impact on Equity RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 + 100 basis points (5,503) (81,856) (5,516) (94,475) - 100 basis points 5,503 81,856 5,516 94,475 (b) Foreign Currency Sensitivity Analysis The foreign currency sensitivity represents the effect of the appreciation or depreciation of the foreign currency rates on the consolidated currency position, while other variables remain constant. Unaudited 30 June 2016 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Impact on profit after tax Impact on Equity Impact on profit after tax Impact on Equity RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 + 5% 107 107 172 172-5% (107) (107) (172) (172) 24
6. Operational Risk Operational risk is defined as the risk of loss, whether direct or indirect, to which the Bank is exposed due to inadequacy or failure of processes, procedures, systems or controls and external events. Operational risk, in some form, exists in each of the Bank s business and support activities and can result in direct and indirect financial loss, regulatory sanctions, customer dissatisfaction and damage to the Bank s reputation. The management of operational risk is an important priority for the Bank. To mitigate such operational risks, the Bank has developed an operational risk program and essential methodologies that enables identification, measurement, monitoring and reporting of inherent and emerging operational risks. The day-to-day management of operational risk exposures is through the development and maintenance of comprehensive internal controls and procedures based on segregation of duties, independent checks, segmented system access control and multi-tier authorisation processes. An incident reporting process is also established to capture and analyse frauds and control lapses. A periodic Risk and Control Self-Assessment (RCSA) process is established for business and support units to pre-emptively identify risks and evaluate control effectiveness. Action plans are developed for the control issues identified. Minimum Regulatory Capital Requirements for Operational Risk The following table presents the minimum regulatory capital requirements for Operation Risk for the, computed using Basic Indicator Approach. Unaudited 30 June 2016 Audited 31 Dec 2015 Risk weighted Capital Risk weighted Capital assets Requirement assets Requirement RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 Operational Risk 320,388 25,631 333,253 26,660 25
6. Operational Risk (Cont d) Risk Management Approach (a) Strategy and Processes The Group has put in place a disciplined product evaluation process. The Group s product evaluation process is governed by the Group s New Product Development Policy and Guideline on New Product Development. Each new product or service introduced as well as variations to existing products or services are subject to a rigorous risk review and sign-off process where risks are identified and assessed by divisions independent of the risk taking unit that proposes the product or service. The Group continues to direct group-wide efforts to maintain its legal and regulatory compliance culture in all jurisdictions that the Group operates in. The Group seeks to meet the standards and expectations of regulatory authorities through a number of initiatives and activities to support compliance with regulations governing anti-money laundering and counter financing of terrorism. To further enhance operational risk management in response to threat of external fraud, losses arising from frauds or control lapses are analyzed in depth to identify the causes of such losses and to implement remedial actions to prevent recurrence. Analyses of impaired financing attributed to operational lapses are also conducted diligently and the findings are disseminated to all business units as learning points. The Group manages its outsourcing activities through the Guidelines on Outsourcing Activities which stipulate the requirements and the operating procedures to be observed in managing activities that are outsourced to third party service providers. This is to ensure that the risks associated with outsourcing activities are managed effectively Disaster recovery and business continuity plans are put in place as an integral part of the Group s strategy to mitigate risk and manage the impact of loss events. Where appropriate, the Group mitigates risk of high impact loss events by relevant insurance coverage. The Group protects and ensures information security through continuous assessment of the security features on all computer platforms and network infrastructure, and implementation of appropriate security controls to protect against the misuse or compromise of information assets. In addition, the Group continues to undertake initiatives to maintain 100% systems availability and robust system performance in the Group s computer systems, peripherals and network infrastructure to ensure uninterrupted transmission. 26
6. Operational Risk (Cont d) Risk Management Approach (Cont d) (b) Tools and Methods for Risk Mitigation To manage and mitigate operational risk, the Group uses various tools including: Risk and Control Self-Assessment (RCSA) to enhance management assessment of the state of the risk and control environment. Key risk indicators to collect statistical data on an ongoing basis to facilitate early detection of Key operational risk and control deficiencies Operational risk incident reporting and data collection to facilitate an enhanced analysis and timely reporting of operational risk data which are useful in assessing the Group s operational risk exposure and in strengthening the internal control environment The Group employs the following key methods to mitigate its operational risk: System of internal controls based on segregation of duties, independent checks, segmented system access control and multi-tier authorization processes Documented operational risk management policies and procedural manuals to mitigate errors by users Processes to ensure compliance with internal policies, guidelines, controls and procedures and appropriate punitive actions are taken against errant staff Periodic review and enhancement of operational risk limits and controls strategies Disaster recovery and business continuity plans put in place to mitigate risk and manage the impact of loss events Insurance coverage to mitigate risk of high impact loss events, where appropriate Review of outsourcing activities to ensure that services providers adhere to the terms and conditions in the service agreement and that their integrity and service quality are not compromised. (c) Reporting Reporting forms an essential part of operational risk management. The Group s risk management processes are designed to ensure that operational issues are identified, escalated and managed on a timely manner. Operational risk areas for the key business and control units are reported through monthly operational risk management reports, which provide analyses and action plans for each significant business operation. The operational risk areas considered include premises controls and safety, losses due to fraud or control lapses, system availability, disaster recovery and business continuity plan simulations, outsourcing activities and legal actions taken against the Group. The operational risk management reports are tabled to the ORC and the ERMC for deliberations. 27
7. Shariah Non-Compliance Risk and Governance Shariah non-compliance risk arises from the Bank s failure to comply with the Shariah rules and principles as determined by the Shariah Board of the Bank or National Shariah Advisory Council of Bank Negara Malaysia (on advice of Shariah Board). This risk is managed according to the Bank s Risk Management Framework, Shariah Risk Management Policy under the auspices of Shariah Governance Framework (SGF). The risk methodology provides structural process in mitigating the risk of Shariah non-compliance while promoting risk awareness culture at all level. Shariah Risk Management Policy, amongst others, prescribes the core requirement of Shariah compliance concerning the Bank s operation and activities. Whereas SGF sets out the Bank s governance structure, process and arrangements including the functions of internal Shariah organs. The Shariah Board is responsible to perform due diligence over the effective implementation of the SGF and testify that policies and procedures relating to Shariah matters are implemented accordingly. The Shariah Board is preceded by qualified members who deliberate and endorse all Shariah matters with full independence as prescribed in the SGF. Meanwhile, Board of Directors (BOD) is expected to perform diligent oversight over the effective functioning of the Bank s SGF. Besides, the Management is responsible to ensure the execution of the Bank s operations and activities are in accordance to Shariah principles. The Shariah Advisory and Research function strengthen the Bank s level of compliance to the Shariah by examining the end-to-end product development and operational processing including the credit application review to mitigate any possible financing for Shariah non-compliance activities. The Shariah Review and Compliance function is responsible for the regular assessment on Shariah compliance of all activities and operations of the Bank. On-site inspections at business and support units are performed to ensure the activities and operations are conducted in accordance to Shariah rules and principles. The Shariah Secretariat function is to coordinate administrative matters related to Shariah Board which includes coordinating meetings, disseminating Shariah Board decisions and ruling to relevant stakeholders. The Shariah Risk Management is responsible to systematically identify, measure, monitor and control of Shariah non-compliance risks to mitigate any possible of non-compliance events. The function is supported by the establishment of the Shariah Compliance Working Committee which is responsible for developing and/or enhancing the capability of the Bank in managing Shariah non-compliance risk and recommending them to the higher authorities for further deliberation and decision. In addition, the independent assessment is performed periodically by internal Shariah Audit to verify that the operations conducted by the business or support units are in compliance with the decisions endorsed by the Shariah Board. Any incidences of Shariah non-compliance are reported to both the Shariah Board and the Board Audit Committee. Remedial actions, including but not limited to the immediate termination of the Shariah non-compliant products or services to address Shariah noncompliant income or activities are proposed for the endorsement of the Shariah Board and the approval of the Board of Directors. Rectification Process of Shariah Non-Compliant Income Detected During Period Under Review During the financial period, there were five syariah non-compliant events being detected. However, none of the issues were financially impacted. The rectification process involves immediate refund of amount to the rightful owner(s) and proper distribution of amount according to the Shariah parameters stipulated in Shariah Board Ruling No. 70 on Management of Purification Account. 28