Civilian employment rose by 430,000 in March to a seasonally adjusted level Digitized for FRASER of 101 million, and the employment-population ratio reached a new NGWS Sr s ^ Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Technical information: (202) 523-1371 USDL 85-140 523-1944 523-1959 TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS Media contact: 523-1913 RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY, APRIL 5, THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MARCH Employment rose markedly in March, and unemployment was unchanged, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The overall unemployment rate of 2 percent and the civilian worker rate of 3 percent were both the same as in February. Civilian employment as measured by the monthly survey of households totaled 101 million in March, up 430,000. over the month. At 60.3 percent, the proportion of the civilian population with jobs was the highest ever recorded. The number of persons on nonagricultural payrolls as measured by the establishment survey advanced by 380,000. Strong job growth continued in the service-producing sector, while manufacturing employment was little changed. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) The seasonally adjusted level of unemployment, 8.4 million workers, did not change from February to March. Similarly, the March unemployment rates of 2 percent for the labor force including the resident Armed Forces, and 3 percent for civilian workers only, were unchanged over the month. Unemployment has been little changed since last autumn, after declining sharply fr om the recession high of late 1982. s for adult men ( percent), adult women (7 percent), and teenagers (18.2 percent) were either the same or virtually unchanged over the month. After rising in February, the unemployment rate for black workers fell 1.1 percentage points to 12 percent, about the same as the rates prevailing in the September-January period. The white unemployment rate remained at percent, and the rate for workers of Hispanic origin was little changed at 10.2 percent. (See tables A-2 and A-3.) The median duration of unemployment was little changed over the month at 1 weeks, and the average (mean) duration held at 19 weeks. The number unemployed for more than 6 months remained at 1.3 million. (See table A-) Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
- 2 - record of 60.3 percent. Most of the employment advance occurred among adult women, as their employment total rose by a quarter of a million to 40 million. Over the year, the number of employed persons rose by 3.0 million; adult women accounted for 56 percent of this gain, adult men 36 percent, and teenagers the remainder. (See table A-2.) Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted Category Quarterly averages IV 1 115,885 107,652 114,185 105,951 8,233 62,948 1,303 I 116,858 108,432 115,158 106,732 8,426 62,364 1,253 Monthly data J Thousands of persons 116,572 116,787 108,088 108,388 114,875 115,084 106,391 106,685 8,484 8,399 62,509 62,432 N.A. N.A. 117,215 108,820 115,514 107,119 8,396 62,153 N.A. - change 428 432 430 434-3 -279 N.A. s: Black 1 2 6 18.4 11 10.5 Percent of labor force 2 3 3 7 18.5 3 15 10.1 3 4 3 8 18.9 4 19 10.6 2 3 3 7 18.4 13 9.7 2 3 7 18.2 12 10.2 0 0-0.1 0-0.2 0-1.1 0.5 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Nonfarm payroll employment.. 95,445 25,154 70,291 96,247p 25,298p 70,949p Thousands of jobs 96,045 96,157p 25,338 25,227p 70,707 70,930p 96,538p 25,328p 71,210p 381p lolp 280p Average weekly hours: Manufacturing overtime... 32 40.5 3.4 3lp 40.3p 3.3p Hours of work 32 40.6 3.3 3Op 39.9p 3.3p 3lp 40.4p 3.3p O.lp 0.5p 0p \J Includes the resident Armed Forces. p=preliminary. N.A.=not available
- 3 - The civilian labor force also rose by 430,000 in March, reaching a level of 115 million. This increase was also concentrated among adult women, whose labor force participation rate continued to set new records. The labor force increased by 2.6 million over the year. Discouraged Workers (Household Survey Data) In the first quarter of, there were 1.3 million discouraged workers persons who report that they want to work but had not actively sought a job during the previous 4-week period because they thought they could not find one. Nearly one-third of the discouraged total cited personal factors such as age or lack of training; the remainder cited job market factors. The number of discouraged workers has come down very little in the past year, following a decline of about half a million from the recession high. (See table A-13.) Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Total nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 380,000 in March to 95 million, after adjustment for seasonality. The bulk of the job growth occurred in the service-producing sector, with particularly strong advances in services (145,000) and retail trade (80,000). Over the past year, these two industry divisions have accounted for more than half of the total payroll employment expansion of 3.4 million. Over-the-month increases also took place in wholesale trade and finance, insurance, and real estate. (See table B-l.) _ 4 _ manufacturing index increased 1.0 percent over the month to 94 but was still below the levels which had prevailed throughout most of. (See table B-) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings increased 0.5 percent in March, and average weekly earnings increased 0.8 percent, seasonally adjusted. Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings rose 1 cent to $8.53, and weekly earnings increased by $2.06 to $2970. Compared to a year earlier, hourly earnings were up 29 cents, and weekly earnings rose by $9.30. (See table B-3.) The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data) The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 164 (1977=100) in March, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.4 percent from February. For the 12 months ended in March, the increase (before seasonal adjustment) was 3.3 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate movements fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing and interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI decreased 0.1 percent during the 12-month period ended in February. (See table B-) Construction employment increased by 130,000 after seasonal adjustment, more than offsetting a weather-induced decline that took place in February. The March employment level was a record 6 million, 90,000 above January and up by more than 400,000 from a year earlier. In contrast, manufacturing employment was little changed in March, following a decline in the prior month. Over-the-month movements among individual manufacturing industries were generally small and somewhat offsetting, although motor vehicle jobs have declined by 35,000 since January. After recovering about three-quarters of the jobs lost during the recession, there has been no net growth in total factory jobs since last summer. Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls edged up 0.1 hour in March to 31 hours. The manufacturing workweek rose by half an hour to 40.4 hours, nearly recouping the weather-related cutbacks that occurred in February. Factory overtime hours remained unchanged at 3.3 hours. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 0.7 percent in March to 110 (1977=100), reflecting the increase in both employment and hours. The
Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked. It is a sample survey of about 59,500 households that is conducted by the Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies. The sample includes over 200,000 establishments employing over 35 million people. For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. The data in this release are affected by a number of technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each of these factors is explained below. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys The sample households in the household survey are selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold more than one job are classified according to the job at which they worked the most hours. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total. People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at Digitized for FRASER that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are persons not looking for work because they were laid off and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report to a job within 30 days. The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U- The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents the same measure with a civilian labor force base. Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are many differences between the two surveys, among which are the following: The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and members of the resident Armed Forces; The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed; the establishment survey does not; The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited by age; The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each indi\ idual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Other differences between the two surveys are described in "Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the Bts upon request. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a large number each June, when schools close and many young people enter the job market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to 'month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example, the large number of people, entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components and combining them. The second procedure usually yields more accurate information and is therefore followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household survey, the factors are calculated for the January-Juro period and again for the July-December period. The January revision is applied to data that have been published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end of the next section. Sampling variability Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the number of people employed and the other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent level of confidence the confidence limits used by BLS in its analyses the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from the estimates by more than these amounts. Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless rate for men is.26 percentage point; for teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points. In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data for the month of September are published in preliminary form in October and November and in final form in December. To remove errors that build up over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to establish new benchmarks comprehensive counts of employment against which month-to-month changes can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries and allow for the formation of new establishments. Additional statistics and other information In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BI s regularly publishes a wide variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by Bi s. It is available for $50 per issue or $31.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.G., 2020 A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders. Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of mat publication.
Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Forces In the United States, by sex (Numbers In thousands) Employment status and sex Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1 Dec. TOTAL Nonlnstitutlonal population' Labor force 1 Participation rate' Total employed' Employment-population ratio 4... Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Agriculture Nonagrlcultural Industries * Not In labor force 77,510 13,514 63.9 04,456 58.8 1,686 02,770 2,872 99,898 9,057 8.0 63,996 179,219 115,295 63 106,393 59.4 1,703 104,690 2,833 101,857 8,902 7 63,924 179, 368 116, 095 67 107, 469 59.9 1, 701 105, 768 2, 909 102, 859 8, 625 4 63, 273 177, 510 114, 592 66 105, 809 59.6 1, 686 104, 123 3, 305 100, 818 783 7 62, 918 178,834 115,773 67 107,631 60.2 1,699 105,932 3,334 102,598 8,142 0 63,061 179,004 116,162 69 107,971 60.3 1,698 106,273 3,385 102,888 8,191 1 62,842 179,081 116,572 61 108,088 60.4 1,697 106,391 3,320 103,071,484 3,509 179,219 116,787 62 108,388 60.5 1,703 106,685 3,340 103,345 8,399 2 62,432 79,368 17,215 63 08,820 60.7 1,701 07,119 3,362 03,757 8,396 2 62,153 Men, 16 years and over Nonlnstitutlonal population' Labor force 1 Participation rate* Total employed' Employment-population ratio 4... Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed * 84,880 64,468 70 59,164 69.7 1,542 57,622 5,304 8.2 85,692 64,826 76 59,694 69.7 1,554 58,140 5,133 9 85,764 65,194 70 60,326 70.3 1,553 58,773 4,868 5 84,880 65,151 78 60,262 71.0 1,542 58,720 4,889 5 85,523 65,657 78 61,155 71.5 1,552 59,603 4,502 9 85,607 65,814 79 61,252 71.6 1,550 59,702 4,562 9 85,629 65,822 79 61,213 71.5 1,549 59,664 4,609 0 85,692 65,818 78 61,226 71.4 1,554 59,672 4,592 0 85,764 65,923 79 61,427 71.6 1,553 59,874 4,495 8 Women, 16 years and over Nonlnstitutlonal population' Labor force* Participation rate' Total employed' Employment-population ratio 4... Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed * 92,630 49,045 52.9 45,292 48.9 144 45,148 3,753 7 93,527 50,469 50 46,699 49.9 149 46,550 3,769 5 93,603 50,901 54 47,143 50.4 148 46,995 3,758 4 92,630 49,4 53.4 45,547 49.2 144 45,403 3,894 9 93,311 50,116 53.7 46,476 49.8 147 46,329 3,640 3 93,397 50,348 53.9 46,719 50.0 148 46,571 3,629 2 93,452 50,750 53 46,875 50.2 148 46,727 3,875 6 93,527 50,970 55 47,162 50.4 149 47,013 3,807 5 93,603 51,293 58 47,392 50.6 148 47,244 3,900 6 ' The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. ' Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. ' Labor force as a percent of the nonlnstitutlonal population. 4 Total employment as a percent of the nonlnstitutlonal population. * Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed Forces).
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers In thousands) Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Nov. Seasonally adjusted 1 TOTAL Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Participation rate Employment-population ratio'... 175,824 111,828 6 102,770 58.5 9,057 8. 1 177,516 113,592 60 104,690 59.0 8,902 8 177,667 114,394 64 105,768 59.5 8,625 5 175,824 112,906 62 104,123 59.2 8,783 8 177,135 114,074 64 105,932 59.8 8,142 1 177,306 114,464 66 106,273 59.9 8,191 2 177,384 114,875 68 106,391 60.0 8,484 4 177,516 115,084 68 106,685 60.1 8,399 3 177,667 115,514 60 107,119 60.3 8,396 3 Men, 20 years and over Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Civilian laborforce Participation rate Employment-population ratio'... Agriculture Nonagricultural Industries 75,880 59,104 7 9 54,630 72.0 2,156 52,474 4,474 6 76,829 59,557 75 55,240 71.9 2,123 53,117 4,317 2 76,904 59,825 78 55,713 72.4 2,105 53,608 4,112 9 75,880 59,400 78.3 55,352 72.9 2,382 52,970 4,048 8 76,663 59,994 78.3 56,269 73.4 2,434 53,835 3,725 76,753 60,131 78.3 56,372 73.4 '2,494 53,878 3,759 3 76,760 60,033 78.2 56,234 73.3 2,7 53,817 3,798 3 76,829 60,061 78.2 56,287 73.3 2,362 53,926 3,774 3 76,904 60,152 78.2 56,421 73.4 2,326 54,095 3,731 Women, 20 years and over Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Civilian laborforce Participation rate Employment-population ratio'... Agriculture Nonagricultural industries 85,064 45,454 53.4 42,363 49.8 496,866 3,091 8 86,086 46,779 53 43,612 50.7 502 43, 110 3,167 8 86,181 47, 165 57 44,043 51.1 557 43,485 3,122 6 85,064 45,482 53.5 42,334 49.8 587,747 3,148 9 85,897 46,279 53.9 43,252 50.4 580 42,672 3,027 5 85,995 46,463 50 43,511 50.6 595 42,916 2,952 4 86,015 46,771 54 43,610 50.7 592 43,018 3,161 8 86,086 46,894 55 43,768 50.8 614 43,153 3,126 7 86,181 47,193 58 44,014 51.1 659 43,355 3,179 7 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Civilian laborforce Participation rate Employment-population ratio*... Agriculture Nonagricultural Industries 4,880 7,270 48.9 5,778 38.8 220 5,558 1,492 20.5 14,600 7,256 49.7 5,838 40.0 208 5,630 1,8 19.5 14,582 7,404 50.8 6,013 2 247 5,766 1,391 18.8 14,880 8,024 53.9 6,437 43.3 336 6,101 1,587 19.8 14,575 7,801 53.5 6,1 40 320 6,091 1,390 18 14,557 7,870 51 6,390 43.9 296 6,094 1,480 18.8 14,610 8,072 52 6,547 48 311 6,236 1,525 18.9 14,600 8,129 57 6,630 44 364 6,266 1,499 18.4 14,582 8,169 50 6,684 48 377 6,307 1..485 18.2 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Table A-3. Employment status of the oivlllan population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin (Numbers In thousands) Employmant status, raca, sax, age, and Hispanic origin Not seasonally adjuatad Saaaonalry adjusted' WHITE Civilian noninstitutlonal population Participation rata,,,...,,. Employment-population ratio*,,, Unemployment rata,...,. 152,285 97,514 60 90,619 59.5 6,895 7,1 153,191 98,462 63 91,748 59.9 6,713 8 153,296 99,148 67 92,634 60.4 6,514 6 152,285 98,343 66 91,750 60.2 6,593 7 152,659 98,630 66 92,587 60.6 6,043 1 152,734 99,005 68 92,884 60.8 6,121 153,103 99,496 60 93,124 60.8 6,372 4 153,191 99,711 61 93,552 61.1 6,159 153,296 100,035 63 93,785 61.2 6,250 Man, 20 years and ovar Participation rata Employment-population ratio*... Unemployment rata, 52,126 78.4 48,652 73.1 3,474 7 52,299 79 48,959 72.9 3,340 4 52,560 78.2 49,395 73.5 3,165 0 52,354 78.7 49,257 71 3,097 9 52,586 78.7 49,745 75 2,8 4 52,695 78.8 49,840 75 2,855 4 52,727 78.6 49,808 73 2,918 5 52,750 78.6 49,907 74 2,843 4 52,823 78.6 49,995 74 2,828 4 Woman, 20 yeare and ovar,,, Participation rata Employment-population ratio*,...,..,, Unemployment rata 38,884 52.9 36,643 49.9 2,2 8 39,826 53.7 37,530 50.6 2,296 8 40,139 51 37,836 51.0 2,303 7 38,875 52.9 36,579 49.8 2,296 9 39,237 53.2 37,063 50.2 2,174 5 39,434 53.4 37,259 50.4 2,175 5 39,789 53.7 37,440 50.6 2,348 9 39,925 53.9 37,681 50.8 2,244 6 40,158 51 37,798 51.0 2,360 9 Both eeaee, 10 to It yaara Participation rata Employment-population ratio* Unemployment rata,..,. Men Woman 6,503 53.0 5,324 43.4 1,179 18.* 19.3 16,9 6,337 52.9 5,259 43.9 1,078 10 19.8 11 6,449 50 5,403 42 1,046 1 12 12 7,114 59 5,914 48.2 1,200 19 13 14 6,807 56 5,779 48.1 1,028 11 1 13.9 6,876 53 5,785 48.2 1,091 19 1 15 6,981 58.2 5,876 49.0 1,105 18 19 18 7,036 58.8 5,964 49.8 1,072 12 10 13.4 7,054 59.1 5,992 50.2 1,062 11 12 19 BLACK Civilian noninstitutlonal population,.. > Civilian labor forca Participation rata...,..,,,..,... Employment-population ratio*...',,.. Unemployment rata.. Man, so yaara and ovar Civilian labor forca Participation rata,,, Employment-population ratio*... 19,248 11,692 60.7 9,7 50.6 1,951 17 5,619 75 4,722 62.6 897 10 19,542 12,074 61.8 10,131 51.8 1,942 11 5,680 71 4,828 62.9 853 10 19,569 12,121 61.9 1Q.276 52.5 1,844 12 5,651 73.5 4,860 63.2 791 10 19,248 11,845 61.5 9,878 51.3 1,967 16 5,6 78 4,787 63.5 854 11 19,481 12,276 63.0 10,426 53.5 1,850 11 5,729 77 4,998 61 731 12.8 19,513 12,306 63.1 10,462 5 1,844 10 5,762 79 4,998 60 764 13.3 19,518 12,315 63.1 10,475 53.7 1,840 19 5,699 74 4,973 69 726 12.7 19,542 12,309 63.0 10,301 52.7 2,008 13 5,735 78 4,907 60 828 14 19,569 12,280 62.8 10,2 53.2 1,869 12 5,683 73.9 4,929 61 754 13.3 Woman, 20 yaara and ovar Civilian labor forca, Participation rata,... Employment-population ratio*,,,.. Unemployment rata 5,3 58 4,657 48.9 756 10 5,634 58.1 4,861 30.1 772 13.7 5,684 58.5 4,943 50.9 7 13.0 5,7 59 4,671 49.0 746 13.8 5,704 59.0 4,932 51.0 772 13.5 5,703 58.9 4,977 51.4 726 12.7 5,709 59.0 4,977 51.4 732 12.8 5,671 58.5 4,881 50.3 790 13.9 5,684 58.5 4,953 51.0 731 12.9 Both aaxaa, 16 to 19 Participation rate Employment-population ratio*. Unemployad,, Unemployment rata Men Women 660 30.3 363 16,6 298 44 40 760 30 442 20.3 317 8 42.3 3 786 3 474 21.9 312 39.7 40.3 39.1 787 31 420 19.3 367 46 43 49.4 843 39.4 496 23.2 347 2 42.0 40.2 8 39.4 487 22.8 354 42.1 43.8 40.1 907 7 525 21 382 42.1 43 38.5 904 6 514 23.7 390 43.1 1 43 913 42.1 530 24 383 9 40.9 43.1 HISPANIC ORtOIN Civilian noninstitutlonal population, Participation rata Employment-population ratio*., Unemployad, Unemployment rata, 11,058 7,123 64 6,258 56 865 12.1 11,394 7,246 6 6,475 58 771 10.6 11,425 7,340 62 6,536 52 804 U.O 11,058 7,144 66 6,333 53 811 11.4 11,301 7,394 64 6,636 58.7 758 10.3 11,332 7,472 69 6,698 59.1 774 10.4 11,363 7,255 63.8 6,487 51 768 10.6 11,394 7,330 63 6,621 58.1 709 9.7 11,425 7,365 65 6,615 59 750 10.2 1 The population flguraa ara not adjuatad for seaaonal variation; therefore, Identical numbers appear In tha unadjusted and aaaaonally adjuatad column*. Digitized for FRASER ' Civilian employment as a percent of tha civilian noninetitutional population. NOTE: Datall for tha abova race and HIapanlc-orlgin groupa will not aum to totala because data for tha "other racaa" group ara not praaantad and Htspanlca ara Included in both tha white and black population groupa.
Table A- Selected employment Indicators (Number* In thousands) ^ Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category CHARACTERISTIC Civilian employed, 16 years and over Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families ;02,770 38,499 25,340 5,7 104,690 38,727 26,004 5,542 105,768 39,136 26,247 5,597 104,123 38,895 25,286 5,449 105,932 39,337 25,995 5,396 106,273 39,443 26,122 5,396 106,391 39,4 25,912 5,584 106,685 39,357 26,108 5,525 107,119 39,531 26,195 5,631 MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture: Wage and salary workers. Self-employed workers. Unpaid family workers... Nonagrlcultural industries: Wage and salary workers. Government Private industries Private households.. Other industries Self-employed workers.. Unpaid family workers... 1,268 1,446 158 91,874 16,082 75,792 1,111 74,681 7,670 354 1,323 1,342 168 93,975 16,329 77,646 1,218 76,428 7,581 301 1,338 1,376 195 94,813 16,324 78,488 1,153 77,335 7,707 340 1,522 1,579 211 92,747 15,765 76,982 1,164 75,818 7,769 332 1,593 1,555 204 94,442 15,785 78,657 1,228 77,429 7,731 357 1,733 1,485 212 94,725 15,858 78,867 1,257 77,610 7,786 357 1,596 1,531 227 95,068 15,738 79,330 1,374 77,956 7,783 343 1,611 1,503 242 95,348 16,009 79,339 1,304 78,035 7,673 340 1,610 1,502 263 95,756 16,004 79,752 1,210 78,542 7,809 320 PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME' All industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time 5,432 2,365 2,799 13,924 5,244 2,404 2,557 14,329 5,466 2,612 2,527 14,455 5,619 2,343 3,039 13,100 5,623 2,449 2,855 13,142 5,814 2,596 2,873 13,239 5,628 2,431 2,848 13,355 5,335 2,212 2,835 13,647 5,664 2,599 2,744 13,624 Nonagrlcultural industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time 5,319 2,300 2,756 13,454 5,036 2,238 2,520 13,933 5,249 2,465 2,469 14,017 5,465 2,237 2,958 12,592 5,3 2,319 2,782 12,670 5,596 2,473 2,793 12,778 5,389 2,287 2,749 12,861 5,077 2,040 2,751 13,157 5,400 2,405 2,649 13,137 ' Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Table A- Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Quarterly averages Monthly data Measure II III IV U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the civilian labor force U-2 Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force 2.7 2 2.4 3.9 2.3 3.8 2.1 3.7 2.0 3.7 2.0 3.8 2.1 3.7 2.1 U-3 persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian labor force U-4 full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time civilian labor force 1 6 8 2 7 1 6 0 7 0 8 ' 6 1 6 9 U-5a Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces 8 4 3 1 2 3 2 2 U-5b Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force 9 5 4 2 3 4 3 3 U-6 Total full-time jobseekers plus V4 pert-time jobseekers plus Vt total on part time for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vi of the part-time labor force U-7 Total full-time jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus Vt total on part time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vt of the part-time labor force 10.5 11.7 10.1 11.1 9.8 10.9 9.8 10.8 9.9 9.7 9.7 N.A - not available.
Table A- Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Category Number of unemployed persons (In thousands) s 1 CHARACTERISTIC Total, 16 years and over Men, 16 years and over Men, 20 years and over Women, 16 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16to 19years 8,783 4,889 4,048 3,894 3,148 1,587 8,399 4,592 3,774 3,807 3,126 1,499 8,396 4,495 3,731 3,900 3,179 1,485 8 7 8 9 9 19.8 18 2 1 3 2 4 18.8 7, 18. 7, 6, 18. Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families 1,927 1,571 658 1,827 1,478 685 1,7 1,644 637 7 8 10.8 4 4 10.8 10. 4 4 11.0 Full-time workers Part-time workers Labor force time lost 2 7,301 1,483 6,954 1,8 6,821 1,572 5 9.3 8.9 9 8.6 8.2 9 8.8 8.3 1 9.3 8.2 1 8.7 8.2 INDUSTRY Nonagriculturai private wage and salary workers Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utitlties Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Government workers Agricultural wage and salary workers 6,381 109 791 1,672 1,005 667 322 1,760 1,727 740 260 6,206 102 775 1,683 951 732 333 1,695 1,618 649 254 6,177 112 803 1,708 989 718 281 1,6 1,632 649 223 7 10.8 13. 7, 8. 1 11. 1 7, 7, 7, 11, 10. 13. 5 9 4 12.2 3 10.1 13.4 8.1 9 10. 13. 8. 3. 13. 12.2 ' Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. * Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours. Table A- Duration of unemployment (Numbers In thousands) Weeks of unemployment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted DURATION Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over 2,983 2,735 3,339 1,7 1,923 3,313 2,963 2,626 1,226 1,399 3,159 2,696 2,770 1,321 1,449 3,378 2,514 2,894 1,122 1,772 3,352 2,324 2,428 990 1,438 3,282 2,516 2,374 972 1,402 3,662 2,552 2,243 9 1,302 3,524 2,469 2,6 1,076 1,340 3,590 2,478 2,400 1,065 1,335 Average (mean) duration, in weeks Median duration, in weeks 20. 10. 10 9 10 8.7 18.9 8.4 14 3 13 4 13 7 19 2 19 1 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over 100. 32. 30. 3 1 21. 32 33.3 29.5!3.8 17 36 31.3 32.1 13 18 38.4 28.6 32.9 12.8 20.2 100., 28. 30. 12. 1 40.2 30.8 29.1 11.9 12 43.3 30.2 25 11.1 14 100. 29. 28. 12.8 19 42.4 29.3 28.3 12.6 18
Table A-8. Reason for unemployment (Number* In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers On layoff Other Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 5,089 1,452 3,637 730 2,157 1,082 4,897 1,571 3,326 866 2,229 910 4,578 1,349 3,229 795 2,282 971 4,622 1,248 3,374 777 2,208 1,200 4,1 1,068 3,073 869 2,161 1,024 4,176 1,070 3,106 858 2,218 1,011 4,313 1,229 3,084 884 2,244 1,049 4,251 1,240 3,011 865 2,233 1,035 4,158 1,163 2,995 848 2,3 1,090 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Job losers On layoff * Other Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 5 10 40.2 8.1 23.8 11.9 50 16 34 9.7 20 10.2 100. 53. 1 3 9. 2 11.3 52.5 12 38.3 8.8 21 1 100. 50, 13. 3 10. 2 12, 50.5 12.9 36 10.4 28 12.2 50.8 15 33 10.4 24 12.4 50.7 18 39 10.3 26 12.3 49.3 13.8 35 10.0 27 12.9 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 6.7 1.9 1.0 3.8 2.0.8 0.7 2.0.8 1.7 2.0 1.1.8 1.9.9.7 1.9.9 3.8.8 2.0.9 3.7.8 1.9.9.7 2.0.9 Table A-9. persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (In thousands) s' Total, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over' 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 8,783 3,457 1,587 697 901 1,870 5,317 4,657 653 8,399 3,281 1,499 648 851 1,782 5,116 4,519 580 8,396 3,236 1,485 685 811 1,751 5,149 4,543 599 8 14 19.8 22.7 18.1 11.7 0 3 4 1 13.2 18 20.0 18 10.9 5 8 4 2 13.5 18.8 21.0 17 10.9 5 8 1 4 1 18.9 21.2 14 10.9 8 1 2 13. 18. 20. 1 11. 5, 3. 13. 18. 20. 1 11. Men, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18to19years 20 to 24 years. 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 4,889 1,878 8 372 473 1,037 3,001 2,575 1 4,592 1,806 818 346 466 988 2,775 2,8 352 4,495 1,734 764 378 392 970 2,750 2,401 339 1 20. 23. 18. 12, 5, 13. 18. 20. 18. 11, 1 11 19.4 19.8 19.3 11, 5, 2 13.8 19. 21. 18. 11. 1 19. 20. 18, 11.8 4 0 13.9 18.1 22.2 17 11.7 3 6 3.8 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over... 3,894 1,579 746 325 428 833 2,316 2,082 242 3,807 1,475 681 302 385 794 2,3 2,100 229 3,900 1,502 721 307 9 781 2,399 2,142 260 9 11 19. 22, 17, 11, 6, 6, 4, 12, 16, 19, 15, 10, 5, 6, 3. 2 12.8 18.1 22.3 10 10.2 6 0 3.7 7 13.3 18.6 21.2 16, 10. 12. 1 19. 1 10. 3. 13. 18. 19, 1 10. 2 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers (Numbers In thousands) Employment statu* Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1 Civilian noninstitutional population.. Participation rate Employment-population ratio'. Not in labor force 23,539 14,314 60.8 2,151 SI.6 2,163 11 9,225 24,325 15,130 62.2 12,942 53.2 2,189 15 9,195 24,371 15,245 62.6 13,134 53.9 2,111 13.8 9,125 23,539 14,578 61.9 12,370 52.6 2,208 11 8,961 24,477 15,468 63.2 13,356 56 2,112 13.7 9,009 24,572 15,540 63.2 13,420 56 2,120 1 9,032 24,282 15,5 63.5 13,310 58 2,105 13.7 8,867 24,325 15,361 63.1 13,125 50 2,236 16 8,964 24,371 15,528 63.7 13,368 59 2,160 13.9 8,843 < The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population. Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers In thousands) Civilian employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over' 102,770 105,768 9,057 8,625 8.1 5 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty 24,969 11,509 13,460 26,009 12,313 13,696 608 350 257 612 337 275 2.4 3.0 1.9 Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, Including clerical 31,826 3,188 12,185 16,452 33,060 3,208 12,476 17,376 1,755 84 723 948 1,715 116 729 871 2 2.6 6 5 Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective 13,940 898 1,604 11,438 14,259 1,000 1,671 11,588 1,473 84 114 1,274 1,378 65 80 1,233 9. 8. 10. 8.8 1 9, Precision production, craft, and repair Mechanics and repairers Construction trades Other precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Construction laborers Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 12,563 4,257 4,204. 4,102 16,437 7,885 4,321 4,231 567 3,664 3,035 13,074 4,456 4,496 4,122 16,301 7,752 4,504 4,045 550 3,495 3,065 1,264 284 691 289 2,421 1,027 545 850 216 634 381 1,201 240 642 319 2,335 1,013 442 880 255 625 367 9. 11 6 12.8 11, 11, 16, 2 18 11.2 8. 5, 12. 12. 11. 8. 1 31. 1 10.7 'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Arned Forces are included in the unemployed total.
Tabla A-12. Employment atatua of mala Viatnam-ara vatarana and nonvstarans by aga, not aaaaonally adjuatad (Numbers In thousands) Veteran statue C Milan nenlrwhtutlonal population Total Number Percent of labor force VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS Total, 30 years and over 30 to 44 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 years and over 7,372 6,398 1,855 3,220 1,323 974 7,596 6,511 1,458 3,388 1,665 1,085 6,905 6,144 1,761 3,111 1,272 761 7,111 6,263 1,404 3,257 1,602 848 6,462 5,745 1,611 2,926 1,208 717 6,713 5,902 1,293 3,086 1,523 811 443 399 150 185 64 44 398 361 111 171 79 37 NONVETERANS Total, 30 to 44 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 15,949 7,222 4,682 4,045 16,955 7,823 4,829 4,303 15,097 6,830 4,440 3,827 16,047 7,435 4,572 4,040 14,188 6,375 4,177 3,636 15,096 6,976 4,304 3,816 909 455 263 191 951 459 268 224 0 7 9 0 9 9 5 NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces between August and May 7,197 Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Data for 25- to 29-year-old veterans are no longer shown In this table because the group Is rapidly disappearing (Into the 30-34 age category) and the numbers remaining for some labor force categories are not large enough to warrant their continued publication.
Table A-13. Persons not In labor force by reason, sex, and race, quarterly averages (In thousands) Anton, wx, and race aaonai adjusted Total not in labor force 64,272 63,702 63,029 62,611 62,8 62,948 62,364 Do not want a job now Current activity: Going to tchool. Ill, disabled... Keeping house. Retired Other 57,823 8,2 4,013 28,335 n,544 3,518 57,651 7,939 4,043 27,304 14,2 3,953 56,809 6,646 4,088 28,384 13.446 4,244 56,534 6,456 4,072 27,960 13,662 4,384 57,103 6,893 4,033 27,972 13,687 4,518 56,799 6,393 3,786 27,910 14,313 4,397 56,842 6,262 4,129 27,342 14,312 4,798 Want a job now Reason not looking: School attendance III health, disability... Home responsibilities.. Think cannot get a job. Job-market factors'. Personal factors*... Other reasons 1 6,450 1,788 7 30 1,470 1,7 1,000 7 1,044 6,051 1,682 730 1,229 1,317 915 402 1,092 6,242 1,555 732 1,499 1,350 939 1 1,107 5,956 1,608 803 1,209 1,275 928 348 1,060 5,936 1,509 815 1,6 1,211 885 326 985 6,140 1,483 847 1,382 1,303 935 368 1,126 5,877 1,470 746 1,253 1,253 858 395 1,155 Total not in labor force. 20,532 20,717 19,746 19,742 19,810 19,847 19,8 Do not want a job now 18,329 18,688 17,686 17,646 17,827 17,761 18,124 Want a job now Reason not looking: School attendance. III health, disability... Think cannot get a job. Other reasons' 2,203 962 357 528 357 2,029 819 345 528 337 2,047 816 352 496 384 2,037 798 356 504 379 1,951 760 387 464 340 2,020 734 402 502 382 1,899 692 344 496 367 Women Total not in labor force.. 43,740 42,985 43,283 42,869 43,032 43,102 42,523 Do not want a job now 39,494 38,9 63 39,123 38,888 39,276 39,038 38,718 Want a job now Reason not looking: School attendance III health, disability... Home responsibilities.. Think cannot get a job. Other reasons 4,246 826 373 1,470 889 688 4,022 863 385 1,229 789 755 4,195 739 380 1,499 854 723 3,919 810 447 1,209 771 681 3,985 749 428 1,6 747 645 4,120 748 445 1,382 301 744 3,978 778 402 1,253 758 787 White Total not in labor force.. 55,017 54,549 54,005 53,615 53,961 53,911 53,449 Do not want a job now 50,431 50,076 49,547 49,382 49,581 49,529 49,159 Want a job now Reason not looking: School attendance III health, disability... Home responsibilities.. Think cannot get a job. Other reasons 4,585 1,233 536 1,068 953 796 4,472 1,190 522 943 927 891 4,474 1,039 555 1,089 889 852 4,221 1,108 553 870 822 868 4,271 1,057 598 1,040 800 776 4,388 1,053 596 1,050 775 914 4,387 1,058 548 967 863 951 Black Total not in labor force.. 7,614 7,458 7,406 7,361 7,285 7,218 7,2 Do not want a job now 5,994 6,053 5,885 5,813 5,809 5,723 5,940 Want a job now Reason not looking: School attendance ' - - III health, disability... Home responsibilities.. Think cannot get a job. Other reasons 1,619 463 172 354 5 215 1,403 439 200 256 353 154 1,572 409 164 343 406 249 1,504 420 220 284 404 177 1,474 355 223 344 364 189 1,547 374 220 299 491 163 1,328 380 187 248 346 166 Job market factors include "could not find job" and "thinks no job available.'' Personal factors include "employers think too young or old," "lacks education or training," and "other personal handicap." ' Includes small number of men not looking for work because of home responsibilities.
Table A-1 Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States (Numbers In thousands) Stat* and employment status TtTrT" Net ssaeonahy adjusted' llpwjf amqimmcr " California Civilian nonlnstltutional population... 18,910 12,285 11,228 1,058 8.6 19,182 12,713 11,769 944 4 19,206 12,715 11,781 934 3 18,910 12,386 11,372 1,014 8.2 19,111 12,609 11,686 923 3 19,137 12,635 11,734 901 1 19,161 12,815 11,886 930 3 19,182 12,803 11,950 853 6 19,206 12,818 11,928 890 9 Florida Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 8,531 5,003 4,735 268 4 8,706 5,246 4,940 305 8 8,721 5,239 4,933 307 9 8,531 5,096 4,799 297 8 8,660 5,121 4,823 298 8 8,676 5,170 4,868 302 8 8,691 5,311 4,981 330 8,706 5,322 4,999 323 1 8,721 5,337 4,997 340 4 Illinois Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 8,601 5,575 4,982 59 3 10.6 8,636 5,573 5,050 523 9.4 8,639 5,583 5,131 452 8.1 8,601 5,619 5,043 576 10.3 8,628 5,643 5,155 488 8.6 8,631 5,673 5,173 500 8.8 3,634 5,681 5,166 516 9.1 8,636 5,611 5,115 496 8.8 8,639 5,625 5,190 435 7 Massachusetts Civilian nonlnstltutional population. Civilian labor fores 4,503 3,002 2,826 176 8 4,547 3,039 2,906 133 4 4,551 3,037 2,895 142 7 4,503 3,032 2,870 162 3 4,536 3,058 2,928 130 3 4,540 3,061 2,930 131 3 4,544 3,037 2,933 105 3.4 4,547 3,095 2,980 115 3.7 4,551 3,070 2,9 129 2 Michigan Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 6,745 4,305 3,765 540 12.5 6,798 4,329 3,888 4 10.2 6,802 4,399 3,9 459 10.4 6,745 4,365 3,869 496 11.4 6,785 4,4 3,924 490 11.1 6,790 4,384 3,918 466 10.6 6,794 4,396 3,913 484 11.0 6,798 4,393 3,990 403 9.2 6,802 4,455 4,0 4 9.3 Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 5,822 3,826 3,542 284 4 5,877 3,824 3,571 253 6 5,881 3,842 3,588 254 6 5,822 3,847 3,587 260 8 5,863 3,783 3,562 221 8 5,868 3,794 3,575 219 8 5,873 3,818 3,583 234 1 5,877 3,869 3,627 242 3 5,881 3,864 3,633 231 0 New York Civilian nonlnstltutional population. North Carolina 13,606 8,072 7,454 618 7 13,685 8,088 7,511 577 1 13,691 8,140 7,551 589 2 13,606 8,045 7,481 564 0 13,666 8,230 7,647 583 1 13,674 8,275 7,698 577 0 13,680 8,242 7,713 529 4 13,685 8,125 7,607 518 4 13,691 8,111 7,576 535 6 Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 4,547 4,628 3,022 2,820 201 7 4,635 3,044 2,874 169 6 4,547 4,606 <3) 4,614 4,621 3,056 2,848 208 8 4,628 3,063 2,878 185 0 4,635 3,058 2,894 164 4 Ohio Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 8,047 4,939 4,3 525 10.6 8,073 5,001 4,536 465 9.3 8,075 5,069 4,578 491 9.7 8,047 5,043 4,534 509 10.1. 8,067 5,107 4,657 450 8.8 8,070 5,151 4,684 467 9.1 8,07_ 5,130 4,697 433 8.4 8,073 5,162 4,711 451 8.7 8,075 5,179 4,704 475 9.2 Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 9,200 5,277 4,771 506 9.6 9,231 5,384 4,883 501 9.3 9,233 5,4 4,953 456 8.4 9,200 5,4 4,923 491 9.1 9,224 5,509 5,037 472 8.6 9,227 5,533 5,110 423 6 9,230 5,500 5,074 426 7 9,231 5,470 5,023 447 8.2 9,233 5,557 5,116 4 9 Texas Civilian nonlnstltutional population. 11,401 7,737 7,231 506 ^5 11,530 7,827 7,274 551 1 11,5 8,018 7,443 575 2 1 These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of Federal fund allocation programs. Digitized for FRASER 2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns. 11,401 7,774 7,272 502 5 11,496 7,883 7,431 452 7 11,509 7,937 7,461 476 0 11,520 7,822 7,314 508 5 11,530 7,880 7,339 5 9 11,5 8,052 7,484 568 1 1 Official estimates for North Carolina prior to are not derived from the household survey. Consequently, seasonally adjusted data are not published.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonagriculturai payrolls by industry (In thousands) y Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted p Total 92,234 94,628 94,846 95,660 93,058 95,497 95,681 96,045 96,157 Total private 7,030 78,558 78,490 79,203 77,185 79,371 79,618 79,971 80,064 Goods-producing 24,084 24,694 24,534 24,771 24,595 25,123 25,258 25,338 25,227 Mining Oil and gas extraction 967 603. 993 643 985 637 987 629.4 978 607 1,009 648 1,000 646 1,000 6 999 636 Construction General building contractors 3,794 4,122 1,010.81 1,088.9 4,009 4,216 1,059 1,108.2 4,151 1,099 4,396 1,146 4,457 1,159 4,530 1,186 4,489 1,171 Manufacturing Production workers 19,323 13,280 19,579 13,363 19,540 13,331 19,568 13,360 19,466 13,388 19,718 13,505 19,801 13,571 19,808 13,569 19,739 13,495 Durable goods Production workers 11,456 7,736 11,716 7,853 11,691 7,829 11,718.7,856 11,513 7,769 11,776 7,925 11,834 7,969 11,844 7,965 11,797 7,911 Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products.. Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 688. 480. 58 881. 34 1,449. 2,17 2,188. 1,90 863. 71 383. 682. 49 58 85 31 1,48 2,243. 2,273. 1,98 88 729. 37 679. 49 580. 850. 313. 1,483. 2,24 2,26 1,989. 879. 729. 37 685 495 591 851.8 313 1,482 2,249 2,260 1,995 877 731 375 712 483 606 877 347 1,456 2,166 2,202 1,905 a63 718 388 713 492 606 865 320 1,498 2,251 2,274 1,957 877 731 389 717 495 612 859 318 1,502 2,253 2,281 1,993 904 732 390 715 497 614 860 319 1,498 2,248 2,282 2,010 912 731 389 708 497 608 854 316 1,494 2,242 2,276 2,002 892 733 383 Nondurable goods Production workers 7,867 5,544 7,863 5,510 7,849 5,502 7,850 5,504 7,953 5,619 7,942 5,580 7,967 5,602 7,964 5,604 7,942 5,584 Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products 1,57 63. 763. 1,21 67 1,3 1,053. 18 78 20 1,608.8 71.4 722 1,166 679 1,390 1,058 180 802 184 1,59 68. 71 1,17 678. 1,392. 1,059. 178. 80 183. 1,590.5 61 710.8 1,179 679 1,398 1,063 179 806 182.8 1,638 66 769 1,218 680 1,339 1,054 190 790 209 1,644 67 731 1,178 683 1,386 1,066 185 810 192 1,658 69 727 1,186 684 1,386 1,068 184 814 191 1,660 69 728 1,185 684 1,390 1,065 184 812 187 1,654 69 721 1,177 683 1,392 1,064 183 813 186 Service-producing. 68,150 69,934 70,312 70,889 68,463 70,374 70,423 70,707 70,930 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Communication and public utilities 5,055 2,793 2,262 5,189 2,921 2,268 5,202 2,939 2,263 5,207 2,943 2,264 5,112 2,839 2,273 5,226 2,953 2,273 5,249 2,974 2,275 5,266 2,984 2,282 5,279 3,002 2,277 Wholesale trade Durable goods Nondurable goods 5,421 3,192 2,229 5,622 3,323 2,299 5,619 3,325 2,294 5,649 3,342 2,307 5,457 3,205 2,252 5,623 3,317 2,306 5,6 3,328 2,313 5,665 3,340 2,325 5,670 3,348 2,322 Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores Automotive dealers and service stations Eating and drinking places Finance, insurance, and real estate Finance Insurance Real estate Services Business services Health services Government Federal State Local 15,629 2,140.5 2,592.2 1,722.0 4,964 5,565 2,816 1,740 1,008 20,276 3,833 6,033.9 16,204 2,756 3,785 9,662 16,456 2,429.6 2,700.7 1,763.9 5,091.0 5,727 2,900 1,782 1,045 20,870 4,143.1 6,121.9 16,070 2,785 3,683 9,602 16,271 2,290.4 2,699.3 1,762.5 5,119.3 5,746 2,910 1,788 1,048 21,118 4,161.5 6,131.2 16,356 2,788 3,815 9,753 16,432 2,282.6 2,713.7 1,776 5,234 5,777 2,925 1,794. 1,058 21,367 4,228.4 6,163.4 16,457 2,797 3,845 9,815 16,030 2,230 2,626 1,748 5,136 5,613 2,831 1,742 1,0 20,378 3,875 6,052 15,873 2,770 3,686 9,7 16,644 2,391 2,696 1,772 5,303 5,725 2,874 1,778 1,07 3 21,030 4,142 6,104 16,126 2,804 3,724 9,598 16,626 2,331 2,710 1,777 5,327 5,749 2,886 1,785 1,078 21,095 4,151 6,115 16,063 2,809 3,711 9,543 16,707 2,368 2,714 1,780 5,359 5,764 2,900 1,786 1,078 21,231 4,193 6,140 16,074 2,807 3,713 9,554 16,757 2,369 2,727 1,795 5,389 5,800 2,922 1,792 1,086 21,331 4,229 6,156 16,093 2,805 3,726 9,562 p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers* on private nonagriculturai payrolls by industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Industry P PI P P Total private 30 38 37 39 35-3 32 33 32 30 31 Mining 42.8 43.0 42.9 43.3 Construction 37 34 34 33 Manufacturing Overtime hours 40.7 3.4 40.3 3.2 39.7 3.1 40.3 3.1 40.7 3.5 40.5 3.4 40.7 3.4 40.6 3.3 39.9 3.3 40.4 3.3 Durable goods Overtime hours 4 1 3.4 40.3 3.4 1 3.4 4 3.7 2 4 4 40.5 0 3.5 Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products. Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 39, 39,, 42., 42. 43. 4 39. 38. 39, 40, 39. 40. 43. 4 38. 38, 38. 40. 40. 40.8 40. 39. 8 40. 38. 39.1 39.2 4 40.8 1 5 40.6 42.8 43.9 1 39.0 40.1 39.6 9 8 42 44 1 39.5 39.8 8 5 40.8,, 42, 43. 40 39 39 8 0 43.0 44 8 40 40 39 40.8 43.3 46 2 38.8 39.4 2 40.9 40.8 40. 40., 42.1 40.5 39. 39., 40., 4 40.6 42.6 43.9 0 Nondurable goods Overtime hours 39.6 3.1 39.2 2.8 38.8 2.8 39.3 2.8 39.8 3.3 39.4 3.2 39.6 3.1 39.5 2.9 39.1 2.9 39.5 3.0 Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products 39.3 39 40.4 37 42. 38. 43. 3 39, 3 39. 3 42. 3 42.8 4 34 38. 3 38. 3 42. 3 42. 40. 3 39.4 37 38.8 39 42.8 38 42.2 42.8 3 38 39.8 40.6 37 43.0 39 42.0 47 37 39.7 39.0 30 43.2 39 7 43.5 34 40.1 39.2 34 43.1 37 9 42.9 39 39.8 39.3 3 43.1 39 42.0 43.4 30 39.5 38.7 36 42.7 37 8 43.4 35 39.9 39.0 30 43.1 37 42.3 43.9 34 Transportation and public utilities 39.0 38.9 39.1 39.2 39.2 39.4 39.2 39.2 39.4 39.4 Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 38.3 29.6 33 32.6 38.4 29.1 35 32.5 38.2 29.1 34 32.5 38.5 29.4 34 32.5 38.5 30.1. 32.8 38.6 29.9 32.7 38.6 30.1 32.8 38.6 29.8 32.7 38.5 29.7 32.7 38.7 29.8 32.7 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonagriculturai payrolls. 'This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagrteutturaj payrolls by industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry 198S Pi 198S PI Mining Construction Total private Manufacturing Seasonally adjusted Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products.. Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products $8.24 8.25 11.60 11.97 9.09 11.44 12.97 12.12 12.62 8.71 97 8.27 8.39 11.29 48 10.25 9.29 10.95 13.44 8.20 68 $8.50 8.45 11.79 12.22 9.42 9.97 8.05 03 9.69 11.50 13.07 9.57 10.12 9,28 12.64 13.35 8.96 19 8.60 8.50 11.20 59 70 10.67 9.57 11.42 13.97 8.50 82 $8.52 8.50 11.85 12.26 9.42 9.97 8,06 11.65 13.43 9.56 10.13 9.27 12.59 13.29 9.06 15 8.61 8.55 11.60 60 68 10.68 9.59 11.42 100 8.47 79 $8.53 8.54.11.82 12.20 9.44 9.99 8.01 11.66 13. 9.60 10.15 9.34 12.57 13.27 9.08 17 8.62 8.56 11.69 63 71 10.69 9.61 11. 13.96 8.48 79 $288.40 291.23 4948 439.30 369.96 399.92 3101 2602 389.16 480.48 5336 3850 80 3608 521.16 560.33 358.85 2701 3249 329.73 60 258.96 201.12 4368 353.02 458.81 5898 394 2005 $2980 2944 5097 4481 379.63 409.77 313.15 2798 392.45 471.50 5157 3928 422.00 3770 543.52 590.07 3636 2753 3312 3375 76 2501 203.49 4574 358.88 478.50 5992 351.90 211.85 $2964 2950 508.37 446 373.97 401.79 308.70 271.74 391.31 4749 5494 3827 33 369.87 522.49 5552 3693 228 3307 332.60 431.52 2510 201.07 452.83 358.67 471 590 343.88 209.02 $2970 299.75 511.81 4506 380.43 0.59 313.19 2754 401.99 480.39 53 3956 421.23 379.20 538.00 582.55 373.19 279.63 338.77 3326 429.02 2524 2099 4553 363.26 481.50 5949 350.22 243.07 Transportation and public utilities 11.02 11.31 11.32 11.29 429.78 439.96 442.61 442.57 Wholesale trade 8.79 9,14 9.17 9.16 3366 350.98 350.29 352.66 Retail trade 89 99 01 00 1734 1731 1789 1740 Finance, Insurance, and real estate 54 77 87 88 273.70 281 2847 2883 Services 54 82 84 85 2480 2515 2580 2513 See footnote 1, table B-2. p * preliminary. Table B- Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by industry (1977=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Industry 19.85 p p Chang* from: - p p Percent change from: - Total private nonfarm: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, Insurance, and real estate Service* 158.9 91 172 145 161 160 162 153 162 160.8 163. 9 177, 148. 16 164, 169.0 155,3 168.2 164 161 99 178.4 148.8 168 162 169.5 15 170.0 169 163 N.A. 178.2 148.8 162 165 169.5 156 170.2 160 1 S*»o footnote 1. table B-2. 2 Percent change is -0.1 percent fro* February to February, the latest month available. 3 Percent change is 0.3 percent from January to February, the latest month available. 4 These series are not seasouaiiy adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. N.A. - not available, Digitized for FRASER p - preliminary. 3.3 3.9 159.1 90 143 161.2 160.9 153.2 160.8 162.0 94 145 165 163.1 151 168 163.1 97 145 161 163 154 166 16?.8 94 148.0 169 163.4 158 168 163.8 96 149.5 166 167 158 169 164 N.A. 149.8 163 162 154 160 0.4.2.4.3.4.7
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B- Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricuitural payrolls by industry (1977 = 100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Industry P p P Total 108.3 111.1 110.5 112.4 110.9 110 116 116 112 110 Goods-producing 94 97 97 95 98.1 100.2 100.9 101.2 99.2 100.6 Mining 109.9 113.4 111.9 113.3 111.7 111 115 113.5 115 113 Construction 94 103.9 100.3 109.5 107 118.1 118.7 121.5 119.5 121 Manufacturing 97 95 92.8 95 97 99 98 97 95 94 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries %. Blast furnaces and basic steel products.. Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 94 93, 101. 84, 7 63. 89. 9 111. 9 91. 108. 8 97 90.5 100 82.3 69.9 57 92.0 96 113 99 93 108 80 92.7 88.2 102.7 80.6 69.5 51 90.0 90 110.0 98 88.1 105 79.9 97 91.0 101 88 70.0 56 91 96 111 99 92 109 81 95 98 102.8 88.2 73 62 89 93 112 9 91.8 108.8 88 95 95 105 88 71 57 92.8 99 110 91 89.7 110.7 88 99 98 10 5 89. 1 70, 7 5 3 93.8 9 11 99. 9 111. 8 98 98 108.1 89.1 70 55 93 96 4 3 4 6 111 101.6 98.8 109.3 89 91 9 109 81 69.8 51 91.2 98 110.9 95 90.7 108.0 82.9 90 99 109 89.0 69.1 58 92.4 95 112 97 92 109 83 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products 96 91.1 80.5 83.7 91 98 114 96 81 111.5 70 91 93 97 70 84-98.8 116 90 81.2 112.5 68.6 93. 91. 88, 74, 8 97, 118. 9 80. 110. 6 91 92.6 82.0 73 88.6 98.8 119.9 9 83.0 112.6 69.1 94 91 86 85 92 99.1 116 91 88.4 112.2 79.7 98 95 92.4 77 89.2 99.8 118.9 94 83 115 71.8 96 99.6 93.0 78 90.9 99.9 118.0 98 83.4 119 72.3 95 99.1 92.8 73 90.2 100.1 119.1 99 81 114 71.1 9 97, 93, 7 88, 99. 118. 9 8 112. 69. 90 98.8 88.9 72 89.0 100.1 119.1 96 86 113.5 71.4 Service-producing 114 119.0 119.2 120.6 119 121.6 122.1 122.1 122.4 123.0 Transportation and public utilities 101.1 103.8 106 108 103.1 101 101 10 101 109 Wholesale trade 110.8 118 111 116 112.5 113 118 114 111 118.3 Retail trade 102 109.1 105 109.3 109.9 11 111 113.4 113.4 113.7 Finance, insurance, and real estate 120.9 127 129 126 122.2 124 126 120 120 128 Services 129.5 132.6 132 130 130.9 138 134 137 135 134 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p s preliminary. Table B- Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased Time span Year Apr. May June July Aug. Sept Oct. Over 1-month span 53 71.1 58.4 45 73.2 4p 60.8 60 56p 68.9 63.8 69.5 61 66 63.0 73 62.4 68.6 56 69.5 40.8 74 67 69.7 51.9 73.8 63.5 Over 3-month span 48 82.4 5Op 53 80.5 52.7p 61 75 71 71.1 77 68.4 78 68.9 71 63.5 81.6* 58.1 80.8 58.6 78.9 53.5 79.5 69 76 61.9 Over 6-month span 50.8 81.9 63.0 82.7 69.2 79.7 71 74 80.0 69.2 82.4 63.2 81 62.4 82.4 62.7 86 63.5 89 60.5 88 5 lp 83.8 60.8p ill 49.5 85 53 81.9 61.9 78.9 71.1 78 73 73 79.5 73.8 83.8 71.1 88.1 63.5p 88 61.9p 83 84 83 1 Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls of 185 private nonagricuitural industries, p = preliminary. Digitized for FRASER NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.